“Our children were killed!” - say the parents of the Orenburg eleventh-graders who died under the rubble of the school.
Rescued Gulmira Dzharmukhametova says: “If only someone had called us to the exit, everyone would have remained alive!”
The funeral of the five students who died under the rubble of the school became a national tragedy. Hundreds of Orenburg residents came to see off girls dressed in white wedding dresses on their final journey.
Anya Ryvaeva's mother kissed her daughter for the last time
If the decision to remove the children from the building had been made immediately after the builders reported the crack, there could have been no casualties, fellow countrymen believe.
Marina Martynova was buried with her face covered
The director of the Belyaevskaya school, Larisa Tsepovyaz, making excuses, looks for the reasons for the trouble in the dilapidation of the building:
The school was built in 1964, and since then it has never been renovated, she tells Zhizn journalists. - Only cosmetic repairs were carried out - that’s all. And this time we were given money to replace double-glazed windows, so we vacated the first floor where the builders were working.
The parents of five eleventh-graders killed in a school collapse in the Orenburg region are crying: “Our children were not allowed to stay alive!” Having sent their children to lessons in the morning, the mothers only saw them later in the morgue - in wedding dresses, corollas and veils...
Gulmira already feels that the worst thing has happened to her closest friend Gulnaz
Three girls who were next to the victims and whose health doctors are now fighting for said: “No one even thought of taking us out of the building that was bursting at the seams. There was no evacuation!”
It is impossible to look at the mother of the deceased Sveta Moskalenko without tears.
“My girl... Beautiful... How beautiful you are... I'm sorry, I didn't save you...” she choked from sobs over the coffin with her daughter lying in her wedding dress. Sveta’s boyfriend Kamil stood next to her with a frozen gaze, large tears constantly rolling down his face.
Our children were killed! - Mom says simply. - They were simply not allowed to leave! Now everyone is making up their own minds: they say the girls were hiding on the third floor from the teacher, and that’s why they stayed in the building. Nobody was hiding! How it was, ask your classmates who are in the hospital. They have seen everything and know everything.
Gulmira
Gulmira Dzharmukhametova, Anya Ereshchenko and Tanya Pfeiffer are now in the regional hospital in Orenburg. They are still not told that their friends are in their graves, and the head teacher of the school committed suicide the morning after the tragedy.
All eight girls were in the same place at the time of the collapse - in the hall on the 3rd floor.
Classmates write on the asphalt: “Who will bring back the lives of the dead girls?”
There we were waiting for the next lesson; there was supposed to be a literature lesson in room 9,” Gulmira says quietly. – The break started ten minutes earlier than usual, and the teachers went to a meeting, and we stood in the hall and waited for the next lesson. Five other girls were sitting on a bench in the hall, and we went to the window. Below, in the courtyard, two architects stood and examined a crack in the wall, which then collapsed. We looked and stepped back literally three steps. And then everything cracked and collapsed, and we fell down.
I woke up to the screams of the rescuers. My classmates called for help: “Help!”, “Mom!” They cried. I heard the voices of two more - Tanya Pfeiffer and Anya Ereshchenko - those who are now with me in the hospital. I also screamed and called for help. Until the sand filled my mouth and my whole face. I don’t know who pulled me out - I couldn’t open my eyes, they were completely sealed. I only recognized my mother’s voice: “You’re alive, everything will be fine, I’m nearby.”
Before the building collapsed, they told you: “Get out quickly! It's dangerous here!"?
No. There was no evacuation. These are all rumors that there was an evacuation, that we were hiding on the third floor from the teacher. Why should we hide? If they had called us, we would have gone down like everyone else. But no one called us. I later asked my sister, she is in the ninth grade and at that moment was in the other wing in the dining room - no one collected them either - there was no evacuation!
The father of the deceased, Gulnaz Shagvaleeva, believes: “My daughter was killed by officials from the district administration, who allowed repairs to be made at the school during lessons!”
They are responsible for the death of our children! – the unhappy father says with tears in his eyes. – The teacher took her own life. But it’s not the teacher’s fault! What does she have to do with it? And the school principal cannot be blamed. Her only fault is that she did not insist that the building be repaired only after not a single child remained in school - after school. After all, this interfered with the lessons! How was it possible to renovate the building during lessons?!
The father's most bitter memories are associated with the last day of the life of his youngest daughter, his favorite Gulnaz.
That day, I took my daughter to school with my own hands,” the father cries. “For some reason, the bus didn’t come to the village that day, and I took her to school by car myself. And that’s it – I never saw her alive again. The next time I saw her was only in the morgue...
In the morning my wife suddenly called me and said: “Axen! A school collapsed in Belyaevka.” I immediately started calling my daughter. And her phone doesn't answer. I rushed to school, scattering the slabs with my own hands. When the bodies of two girls appeared three meters from me, I did not think that one of them was my Gulnaz. I didn’t recognize her...” Aksen Asfaraevich lowers his head. - They were both covered in construction dust. It was unclear what kind of clothes they were wearing...
The young beauty Gulnaz was to be buried according to Muslim customs - wrapped in a shroud, with her face covered. But the parents decided otherwise.
“We acted contrary to our customs,” the father says quietly. - She was brought from the morgue in a white wedding dress and veil, like all the other girls. And we decided to bury her that way... She never thought about death, didn’t believe in premonitions. But she once told me: “Dad, I’m in the 11th grade, then I’ll graduate from the Faculty of Law. And when I get married, I’ll already be old!” Of course, she really wanted to be happy, to meet love, to have children. ...I don’t know, it’s not fate, I guess! – the father sobs loudly. - That’s why we bury her in a wedding dress and veil... The bride...
The head teacher of the collapsed school, Marina Vasilievna, left a suicide letter to her mother-in-law: “Forgive me. Take care of your grandchildren." She could no longer live, feeling morally guilty for the death of her children, and committed suicide.
...While the prosecutor's office and numerous commissions are meticulously looking for the switchman, the classmates of the dead girls find no place for themselves and write in paint on the asphalt: “Whose fault? Who will bring their lives back? Where is the truth?" But their cry from the heart will not last long: the next morning, on instructions from the administration, they will try to cover it with sand.
The fifth-graders from the collapsed school were transferred to the premises of the elementary school in the village of Belyaevka, the building of which was built in the late 1950s. The ceiling is sagging and the hall is collapsing. Mothers are protesting - they are afraid to take their children to this school: “We won’t let them die!”
Elena Yarovikova
The director blames the architect
Director Larisa Tsepovyaz
The collapsed school was declared unsafe ten minutes before the collapse and the death of the children, said the director of the collapsed school, Larisa Tsepovyaz. - The builders called me from class at 10.15-10.20 and showed me a crack in the plaster. The architect Bagautdinov, who was called by me, examined the floor and said: “The building needs to be strengthened somehow.” At 11.30 there was still a discussion going on about how to strengthen the building and how to decorate it with finishing bricks. It ended with a verbatim verdict: “Well, the building can probably be considered unsafe. And we probably need to transfer the children to the two-story extension of the school.” I asked for a bell from third period ten minutes earlier, at 11.35. Teachers on duty with children blocked the stairs to the second and third floors. I didn’t announce an evacuation, no one said that it had to be done immediately. I gather people and explain that we will be moving the children to the annex. Before I had time to say this, the building collapsed. All my life I will feel guilty for the deaths of the girls, simply because I am the director, I was responsible for the children. Their parents took them to school, and the children died. And I don’t expect anything good from the investigation for myself...
Without exaggeration, the heart is considered the main organ in the circulatory system, without which blood delivery to the internal organs is impossible. When it is damaged, hemodynamics are disrupted, and cardiac rupture (HR) makes blood movement impossible, and the patient dies from shock.
Rupture of the heart muscle - myocardium - is a violation of its integrity, which most often occurs due to a heart attack. Contrary to popular belief, fright or severe fear cannot cause a rupture on its own, after all, the heart is a powerful muscular organ, and For its damage, prerequisites are required in the form of changes in the myocardium.
Elderly people, especially women, as well as patients suffering from diabetes, hypertension, are more susceptible to heart rupture. Taking certain medications and late initiation of treatment for a heart attack may be accompanied by a slowdown in scar formation, which creates the preconditions for rupture. Rupture of the heart vessels, the initial part of the aorta, is provoked by a deep atherosclerotic process, vasculitis.
Causes and types of heart rupture
Among the causes of heart rupture are:
- Chest injuries;
- Congenital;
- Exchange disorders.
The reasons for rupture of the heart wall lie in structural changes, because healthy myocardium is quite strong and, at the same time, elastic, so it cannot rupture.
The most common cause of heart rupture is infarction (necrosis) of the heart muscle.. With this disease, rupture occurs in approximately 3% of cases and in approximately half of the patients it occurs on the first day from the onset of necrosis. Over the next two weeks, the likelihood of rupture increases significantly.
heart rupture as a result of a heart attack (arrows indicate areas of necrosis)
With myocardial infarction, rupture of the left ventricle of the heart usually occurs, since it is this section that experiences the greatest load during the operation of the organ, and it is in it that necrosis usually appears. Up to 3% of cases may be accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the septum between the ventricles. The precursor to rupture is an extensive infarction, affecting a significant volume of the heart muscle, and the risk of damage is maximum in the first two weeks. The right sections and atria are ruptured extremely rarely.
Endocarditis (inflammation of the inner layer of the heart), tumors, metabolic disorders (amyloidosis) lead to changes in the state of the heart muscle, which becomes very susceptible to stress and can rupture. With endocarditis involving the valvular apparatus, rupture of the heart valve is likely, which is fraught with acute heart failure.
Other causes of heart wall rupture include trauma. For example, in case of an accident, a knife wound, a strong blow in certain sports or a fight.
Many people think that there is a rupture of the heart from fear, and this is evidenced by cases of sudden death with severe emotional shock. Indeed, with a post-mortem examination of the heart, it is possible to diagnose it from a rupture, but the cause of a defect in the myocardium is more often a heart attack, which, among other things, can be provoked by stress, fear, or severe anxiety.
on the left – post-infarction rupture of the myocardium (heart muscle), on the right – external rupture of the heart with hemotamponade
In addition to the immediate causes, there are also predisposing factors:
- Old age - after 50 years, regeneration processes slow down, and most people of this age already have certain signs of wear and tear of the heart muscle;
- , creating additional stress on the myocardium;
- Delayed treatment of acute infarction;
- Early activation of the patient with extensive heart attacks - even walking on the street or walking around the ward requires an increase in myocardial work, so the motor mode is usually limited;
- Exhaustion and low body weight of the patient contribute to slower scar formation in the necrosis zone, which is fraught with rupture in the acute period of a heart attack;
- Taking medications containing hormones, as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, slows down the formation of connective tissue at the site of the infarction.
Depending on the area undergoing rupture and the time of manifestation of the pathology, various types of heart rupture are distinguished. Depending on the location of the damage zone, the following are possible:
different types of heart ruptures
- External ruptures, when a through defect is formed in the wall of the heart, through which blood enters the heart sac.
- Internal ruptures, when the structures of an organ located inside it are damaged: rupture of the papillary muscles, formation of a defect in the septum.
The blood inside the heart moves under high pressure, and when defects appear in the myocardium, it immediately rushes into the cavity of the heart sac, limited by the pericardium. The rapid filling of the pericardial cavity with fluid disrupts the contraction of the heart, causing tamponade and cardiac arrest. There is a deficiency of blood flow in the organs, and the patient dies from shock.
Internal ruptures can occur more easily than external ones. Thus, with a partial rupture of the papillary muscle, the patient can live up to two weeks, but this condition anyway requires urgent surgical treatment. Incorrect movement of the valve leaflets when the papillary muscles or chordae are damaged causes acute heart failure and is fatal. Ruptures of the septum are accompanied by the movement of blood through the defect from the left half of the heart to the right and can also lead to the death of the patient.
If the rupture occurred within three days from the moment of necrosis or injury, then it will be called early. After 72 hours, when recovery processes have already begun, but the scar is very tender, the rupture is provoked by excessive physical activity and is called late.
With large heart attacks it is possible instantaneous rupture, and then death comes suddenly. If the defect does not extend to the entire depth of the myocardium or is relatively small, then immediate death does not occur, blood circulation progressively worsens, and the damage is called slowly flowing.
How does MS manifest?
Symptoms of cardiac rupture depend on the area of damage in the myocardium, the presence of hemopericardium, and the degree of hemodynamic impairment. With a relatively small defect, when blood does not enter the cavity of the cardiac membrane or its amount there is insignificant, signs of the disease increase over several hours, tens of minutes, while the patient is concerned about:
- Sharp, very intense pain behind the sternum, in the heart;
- Severe anxiety, possibly psychomotor agitation;
- Dyspnea;
- Blueness of the skin;
- Swelling.
As the symptoms of acute heart failure progress, the pulse becomes thready, blood pressure drops, and a change in consciousness or even loss of consciousness is possible. Pain appears in the right hypochondrium, associated with an enlarged liver due to stagnation of venous blood, and swelling increases.
A patient with slowly progressing MS is restless, tries to relieve pain with the usual nitroglycerin, but does not get any effect, the pain may decrease somewhat, but then appears again. Characterized by cold clammy sweat, palpitations and hypotension. The condition is further aggravated by the fact that the arteries of the organ do not receive enough of the blood they need, the myocardium experiences severe hypoxia, and its failure is inevitable.
An acute rupture of a large heart inevitably leads to bleeding into the heart sac (hemopericardium), the systemic blood flow is sharply disrupted, and the death of the patient occurs. In more than 90% of cases, doctors encounter precisely such sudden and large myocardial ruptures. Often, the called ambulance team simply does not have time to provide first aid and is only forced to ascertain the sudden death of the patient.
Precursors of heart failure There may be intense pain that is not relieved by nitroglycerin and even narcotic analgesics, blood pressure drops sharply, the pulse becomes thread-like and can be palpated with great difficulty, the patient turns pale, the bluishness of the skin increases, and consciousness becomes confused.
Symptoms of external rupture are reduced to signs of pericardial hemotamponade and acute heart failure:
- The patient loses consciousness;
- The neck veins swell, swelling increases;
- Severe cyanosis appears;
- Severe shortness of breath gives way to respiratory arrest;
- The pulse cannot be felt, hypotension is replaced by shock with a lack of pressure.
Hemotamponade of the pericardium is possible not only with ruptures due to a heart attack, but also with traumatic injuries of the heart, rupture of the aorta in its initial section. Sudden pain and signs of cardiogenic shock are the main manifestations of hemotamponade. Both aortic rupture and myocardial infarction may have common mechanisms of development, therefore All patients with coronary arteries and aorta are at risk.
hemotamponade in post-infarction cardiac rupture
Such symptoms increase over several minutes, after which death occurs from a ruptured heart - the pupils do not respond to light, breathing and heartbeat are not detected, and there is no consciousness. The ECG at this moment will show an isoline, that is, a complete absence of cardiac activity.
Myocardial damage does not occur unnoticed, and the risk of dying from cardiac rupture increases significantly if a large-focal transmural infarction is diagnosed, especially against the background of arterial hypertension and in an elderly patient.
Internal ruptures are no less dangerous than external ones. Thus, a violation of the integrity of the papillary muscles of the left ventricle is fraught with the rapid development of pulmonary edema - the main complication when blood flow in the left half of the heart is disrupted. Significant ventricular septal defects are manifested by increasing symptoms. There is practically no chance to save the patient in these cases.
Treatment of heart rupture
Treatment of patients with cardiac rupture involves emergency cardiac surgery and intensive care. It is not always possible to provide all the necessary measures on time, because death occurs suddenly and very quickly. In addition, the patient may be far from the cardiac surgery hospital, and the time for preparation and transportation is extremely limited.
Surgical operations that can be performed for heart ruptures:
- Suturing the defect and installing special “patches”;
- Coronary artery bypass grafting;
- Valve replacement;
- Donor organ transplantation.
Surgical treatment consists of suturing the myocardial defect during open surgery, possibly strengthening the site of damage using a special “patch” made of synthetic materials. In case of ruptures of the interventricular wall, their correction by endovascular intervention is applicable, without open access to the heart, but even in this case, a “patch” is installed in the damaged area. Fluid from the pericardial cavity is removed using puncture.
In case of deep atherosclerotic damage to the coronary vessels, plastic surgery on the heart can be supplemented, aimed at restoring blood flow and, thus, accelerating the formation of a scar at the site of ischemia and rupture.
If the pathology is accompanied by damage to the papillary muscles, chords, and other elements of the valvular apparatus of the heart, then surgery to install an artificial valve () may be the method of choice.
Large ruptures against the background of extensive infarctions are extremely difficult to “correct” due to severe ischemia in the necrosis focus, where tissues are poorly connected to each other, regeneration slows down, and a significant area of the heart muscle may need to be removed. In these cases, the patient can be saved, but serious difficulties with its implementation are due to limited time and the lack of a suitable donor.
Drug therapy is aimed at maintaining acceptable blood pressure levels and the function of vital organs. The use of diuretics, peripheral vasodilators, analgesics, and cardiac glycosides is indicated. Infusion therapy consists of administering fresh frozen plasma and saline solutions.
Heart rupture is a pathology that requires emergency medical care, so patients suffering from or having suffered a myocardial infarction must not only carefully follow the regimen and prescriptions of the cardiologist, but also take every attack of chest pain seriously, and if it lasts more than five minutes, then seek medical help. medical attention must be immediate.
One of the presenters will answer your question.
Answers questions on cardiology: Sazykina Oksana Yurievna, cardiologist
Mitral heart disease refers to acquired defects when the mitral (bicuspid) valve, located between the ventricle and the left atrium, is affected; its valves are located at the edges of the mitral orifice. If the heart works normally, the valve opens when the left atrium contracts and blood enters the left ventricle; when the ventricle contracts, the valve closes and blood enters the aorta.
If the mitral valve is damaged, then when the left ventricle contracts, part of the blood returns to the left atrium and into the pulmonary circulation, thereby forming stagnation. The ejection of blood from the left atrium is also difficult; when the valve narrows, the vessels of the lungs become overloaded.
There are three types of mitral heart disease:
- A simple defect is when there is valve insufficiency.
- Stenosis is when the mitral orifice narrows.
- A complex defect is a combination of a simple defect and stenosis.
Diagnostic tests
In order to say with sufficient confidence that a person has mitral heart disease, a thorough diagnosis must be carried out.
- X-ray. X-ray examination shows that there is a rounding of the fourth arch in the anteroposterior projection. Since the left atrium is enlarged due to abnormal functioning, an x-ray may show a bulging of the third arch of the left circuit. Displacement of the contrasted esophagus along an arc of large radius may be observed.
- Electrocardiography. At the very beginning of the disease, the electrocardiogram shows cardiac function unchanged. After the disease begins to progress, a deviation of the electrical axis to the left is observed.
- Echocardiography determines the size of the walls and cavities of the left ventricle and atrium, as well as the condition of the valve apparatus. This research method is considered the most informative in identifying heart defects.
Causes of the occurrence and development of the disease
The main reason for the development of mitral disease is a rheumatic process in the heart. After suffering from rheumatism, growths form on the heart valve, which prevent it from allowing blood to flow freely. Scars appear on the valve and in the mitral orifice.
If the disease is not recognized in time and treatment is not started, over time a mineral layer forms on the valve, which disrupts its entire functioning, which leads to mitral stenosis. Of course, all this does not happen in one day; such complications take years. However, mitral disease does not always appear with rheumatism. It’s probably not worth saying that with timely treatment, especially in childhood, there may be no consequences.
Another reason for the development of mitral heart disease may be a large ejection of blood, which leads to cracks in the mitral valve leaflets. These cracks heal over time, but the scars that appear in their place make the sash rigid and inactive. A bad signal may be tissue fusion due to many scars, then the patient’s condition may worsen.
Mitral stenosis.
Mitral stenosis can be caused by:
- Fever associated with rheumatism.
- Calcium can deposit on the valve leaflets, which leads to stenosis.
- Connective tissue disease.
- Benign tumor of the left atrium (myxoma).
With stenosis (narrowing of the valve), blood from the left ventricle enters the left atrium with difficulty, the atrium begins to work harder to push the blood through, and the organ enlarges. Blood stagnates in the lungs, while the right side of the heart also gradually enlarges. Heart failure develops.
Symptoms of pathology
In the initial stages, the disease is asymptomatic and can be discovered accidentally during examination of another disease or during an annual medical examination.
When the defect begins to progress, the patient may feel shortness of breath after physical exertion. Later, this shortness of breath is constantly present. Rapid heartbeat is the next common symptom. Many people develop a persistent cough with little phlegm. Pain in the heart can be felt regardless of physical activity; it can be aching, cutting or tingling.
Treatment of mitral heart disease
Mitral heart defects are treated by correcting or replacing the valve. In parallel with this, the cause of the disease, that is, rheumatic disease, is treated, and symptomatic therapy is also carried out, and heart rhythm disturbances are eliminated.
If the valve is slightly damaged, it is corrected or replaced using probing. In this case, the chest is not opened. As a basis, you can take the pig valve, which successfully takes root in the human body. Of course, you will need to consult an experienced surgeon, and preferably more than one, since the disease is serious and requires a thorough approach to treatment.
Complications:
- Atrial fibrillation. In later stages it can be considered as one of the symptoms.
- Systemic embolism with thrombi from the left atrium. Diagnosed in a small percentage of people, but their frequency is much higher, this is due to the frequent asymptomatic course of the disease.
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Disease prevention
It was found that the disease is provoked by rheumatic fever or simply rheumatism. And rheumatism can appear after an untreated sore throat, which, in turn, occurs as a result of the activity of streptococci, and they can also affect the heart muscle. From this it is concluded that, first of all, the resulting sore throat should be treated, preferably under the guidance of a doctor, using antibacterial therapy and subsequent monitoring with an ECG.
I'm broken, cracked and floating with the flow of days.
And don’t let my poor soul become rigid in sins!
God, big people need the smallest happiness,
Since they already carry everything else within themselves.
Above my head I hear the rustling of wings in the silence.
Mitral heart defects
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These are the most common acquired heart defects. If you want to learn more about mitral heart defects, read this article and the medical board of tiensmed.ru (www.tiensmed.ru) will try to tell you about it.
Mitral heart defects include mitral valve disease, mitral stenosis And mitral valve insufficiency.
Mitral heart disease develops if the mitral valve does not perform its functions or if the duct of the mitral orifice has narrowed.
Why does mitral heart disease develop? First of all, the cause of this phenomenon is rheumatic phenomena occurring in the heart. Rheumatism usually leaves no element of the heart without its harmful effects. New hard cells seem to grow on the mitral valve, which prevent the valve from opening normally. Sometimes new cells form a kind of scars on the valve, which wrinkle the valve.
As the disease progresses, mineral deposits are deposited in the affected mitral valve, which almost completely disrupts the functioning of the mitral valve. All the processes described are the process of development of mitral stenosis. In this case, the valve flaps grow closer to each other over time. A similar phenomenon is often observed in diseases endocarditis. It usually takes more than one year for mitral stenosis to develop. Rheumatism does not always go away in this way and provokes the development of mitral disease. If you are sick with rheumatism, then you have a real chance to fully recover and avoid such a serious heart disorder as mitral stenosis.
Mitral heart disease can be caused by other factors. For example, these may be powerful surges of blood, which over time cause cracks in the mitral valve leaflets. These cracks heal, forming scars that make the sash rigid and poorly movable. Over time, such cracks become more and more numerous, which contributes to the fusion of tissues and the deterioration of the patient’s condition. After all, if the mitral valve does not perform its functions as expected, the left side of the heart becomes overfilled with blood. And with mitral valve disease, blood sometimes returns back from the ventricle to the atrium. Thus, more blood accumulates in the atrium than is possible.
If the mitral defect consists only of mitral stenosis, then the atrium does not stretch very much. However, sometimes there are exceptions, then the patient develops atriomegaly accompanied by symptoms such as atrial extrasystoles And atrial fibrillation. In this case, mitral heart disease very often provokes the occurrence of blood clots in the left atrium.
But that's not all. With mitral heart disease, the blood supply to the respiratory organs is greatly affected. Blood pressure increases both in large vessels of the lungs and in small ones, which provokes hemoptysis and can lead to pulmonary edema.
In the case of the development of a heart defect such as mitral regurgitation, the left atrium becomes larger in volume, and the disruption of blood flow leads to the enlargement of the right ventricle.
It must be said that representatives of the fairer sex are more susceptible to mitral stenosis. According to statistics from doctors, there are twice as many women suffering from this disease as men. Very often, the first and only symptom that bothers such patients is a cough that appears during movement. In rare cases, very small amounts of blood may be present in the mucus produced when you cough. And when walking fast, your heart rhythm may be disrupted.
To prevent mitral disease, lead a healthy lifestyle, exercise and balance your diet.
ATTENTION! The information posted on our website is for reference or popular information and is provided to a wide range of readers for discussion. Prescription of medications should be carried out only by a qualified specialist, based on the medical history and diagnostic results.
Open foramen ovale in the heart: causes, symptoms, treatment and prognosis
The news of an open foramen ovale in the heart alarms and worries many parents of children of different ages. As a rule, they learn about this diagnosis completely by accident: during a routine examination or an ECG. In some cases, such an anomaly in the development of the heart does not manifest itself at all, and people live for many years without experiencing any inconvenience until the appearance of serious cardiovascular pathologies.
In recent years, this feature in the structure of the heart has begun to be detected much more often, and in our article we will tell you about an open foramen ovale in the heart and the dangers that this diagnosis may pose in the future.
What is a patent foramen ovale in the heart?
The oval window is an open gap in the wall between the right and left atria, which normally functions in the embryonic period and completely closes after 12 months of life. On the left atrium side, the opening is covered by a small valve, which is fully mature by the time of birth.
During the first cry of the newborn and the moment the lungs open, there is a significant increase in pressure in the left atrium and, under its influence, the valve completely closes the oval window. Subsequently, the valve adheres tightly to the wall of the interatrial septum and the gap between the right and left atria closes.
In most cases, in 100% of children, such “accretion” of the valve occurs in the first year of life, less often - by the age of five. If the valve size is insufficient, the gap cannot close completely and the right and left atria are not isolated from each other. In such cases, the child may be diagnosed with a patent foramen ovale in the heart (or MARS syndrome). This condition is classified by cardiologists as a minor anomaly of the heart, and, in the absence of severe symptoms affecting the quality of life, can be perceived as an individual feature of the structure of the heart.
An open foramen ovale in the heart is a through hole between the atria through which blood can be pumped from one atrium into another during contraction of the heart muscle.
In adult patients, this anomaly is detected in approximately 30% of cases. It is a channel, or shunt, between the atria and can cause problems in the functioning of the cardiovascular system or lungs due to changes in blood pressure.
Causes
The most common cause of non-closure of the fissure between the atria is a genetic predisposition. In most cases, this anomaly is inherited through the maternal line, but can also be caused by a number of other reasons:
- prematurity of the child;
- connective tissue dysplasia;
- congenital heart defects;
- maternal drug addiction or alcoholism;
- smoking during pregnancy;
- toxic poisoning from certain medications during pregnancy;
- stress;
- insufficient nutrition of a pregnant woman;
- unfavorable environment.
A patent foramen ovale is often detected with other cardiac malformations: with a patent aortic duct and congenital malformations of the tricuspid and mitral valves.
Various risk factors can contribute to the opening of the oval window:
- excessive physical activity (weightlifting and gymnastics, strength sports, diving);
- episodes of pulmonary embolism in patients with thrombophlebitis of the pelvis or lower extremities.
Symptoms
More often, an open foramen ovale in the heart does not manifest itself in any way, or makes itself felt only by scanty and nonspecific symptoms.
Young children with this anomaly may experience:
- blueness or sharp pallor of the circumlabial area or nasolabial triangle during straining, screaming, crying, coughing or bathing;
- tendency to colds and bronchopulmonary diseases;
- slow weight gain.
Older children may have poor exercise tolerance, which manifests itself as increased heart rate and shortness of breath.
During puberty or during pregnancy, when a total hormonal change occurs in the body, provoking an increase in the load on the cardiovascular system, a patent oval window can manifest itself with frequent episodes of dizziness and headaches, fatigue and sensations of interruptions in the functioning of the heart. These manifestations are especially pronounced after intense physical activity. In some cases, such an anomaly in the development of the heart can lead to sudden and unmotivated fainting.
Non-closure of the oval window before the age of five indicates that, most likely, this anomaly will accompany the person throughout his life. At a young age and in the absence of cardiovascular lesions, it will have virtually no effect on his well-being and work activity, but after years and the development of heart or vascular diseases, the oval window can aggravate the course of these ailments and complicate their treatment.
Diagnostics
When auscultating heart sounds, the doctor may suspect a patent foramen ovale, since this anomaly is accompanied by systolic murmurs of varying intensity. To confirm this diagnosis, the patient is recommended to use more accurate instrumental examination methods:
- Echo-CG (conventional and Doppler, transesophageal, contrast);
- radiography.
Invasive and more aggressive diagnosis of an open oval window is resorted to if surgery is necessary. In such cases, patients are prescribed probing of the cavities of the heart.
Treatment
The volume of treatment is determined by the severity of the symptoms of an open oval window. In the absence of pronounced disturbances in the functioning of the heart, the patient is given recommendations on the proper organization of the daily routine, limiting physical activity and following the rules of a rational and balanced diet. Taking medications in the asymptomatic course of such an anomaly of the heart structure is not prescribed, and the patient is recommended to undergo restorative procedures (physical therapy, hardening and sanatorium-resort treatment).
If a patient has minor complaints about the functioning of the cardiovascular system, it may be recommended to take vitamin preparations and products that provide an additional restorative effect on the heart muscle (Panangin, Magne B6, Elkar, Ubiquinone, etc.). In such cases, the patient must adhere to greater restrictions in physical activity and pay attention to general strengthening procedures.
If symptoms are more pronounced, there is a high risk of thrombus formation and there is a significant discharge of blood from one of the atria to the other, the patient is recommended to be monitored by a cardiologist and cardiac surgeon and the following measures may be prescribed:
- taking antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants (to prevent blood clots);
- endovascular treatment (through a catheter, which is inserted into the femoral artery and advanced into the right atrium, a patch is applied to the oval window, it stimulates the opening to close with connective tissue and resolves on its own after a month).
In the postoperative period, to prevent infective endocarditis, the patient is prescribed antibiotics. Endovascular treatment of such an anomaly in the development of the heart wall allows patients to return to an absolutely full life without any restrictions.
Possible complications
Complications of patent oval window develop quite rarely. This abnormal structure of the heart wall leads to the following diseases:
The cause of their development is paradoxical embolism. Although this complication is quite rare, the patient should always inform their doctor about the presence of a patent foramen ovale.
Forecasts
In the vast majority of cases, the prognosis for patients with a patent foramen ovale is favorable and rarely results in complications.
- constant monitoring by a cardiologist and echo-CG control;
- refusal of extreme sports and those involving significant physical activity;
- restrictions in the choice of professions associated with significant respiratory and cardiac stress (divers, firefighters, astronauts, pilots, etc.).
Surgical treatment for such an anomaly of heart development is prescribed only in cases of severe disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system and lungs.
Which doctor should I contact?
A pediatrician usually suspects a patent foramen ovale upon auscultation of the child's heart. In this case, the small patient is referred to a cardiologist. A mandatory diagnostic method is echocardiography, and here the qualifications of the functional or radiation diagnostics doctor conducting the study are very important. If a patent foramen ovale persists for life, such a patient is subsequently consulted by a cardiac surgeon. During pregnancy, a woman with such an anomaly of heart development should regularly visit an obstetrician-gynecologist and cardiologist.
Video describing this pathology:
Help the children
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The information is provided for informational purposes only. Do not self-medicate. At the first sign of disease, consult a doctor.
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Crack in the heart
Rescued Gulmira Dzharmukhametova says: “If only someone had called us to the exit, everyone would have remained alive!”
“My girl... Beautiful... How beautiful you are... I'm sorry, I didn't save you...” she choked from sobs over the coffin with her daughter lying in her wedding dress. Sveta’s boyfriend Kamil stood next to her with a frozen gaze, large tears constantly rolling down his face.
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This post is just an unsuccessful copy-paste of news written by a person who knows nothing at all about those events. All words said by supposedly real people are fictitious.
Culture and art
What does a crack in the heart mean? TRANSFORMER.
What does a crack in the heart mean?
Not poured out pain turned into anger.
Blows from the chest
clock mechanism in reverse direction
time bombs
when everyone gets the same amount
the lungs do not take in oxygen,
swallow cigarette smoke,
View under a microscope
What does a crack in the heart mean?
When you hold freedom in the palm of your hand,
but you don’t dare accept it.
You warm your hands in the pockets of your old sweatshirt.
with your eyes you erase a spot in the ceiling,
or looking at a blank monitor
this will help resolve the dispute
your internal with the external,
left from memory
Her Majesty's Court
in the emptiness of one’s own echo –
a reminder of WHO was,
in a chaotic manner
Transformer worked to subtract unnecessary parts:
The onboard person was brought to the realization:
“It’s no longer the same.”
learning a new aspect
the whole folded Creation..
Instructions for use would be given
and a navigator to boot
with route maps:
guess your luck -
What does a crack in the heart mean?
When through the speakers in hertz
and in binary code
tenderness, emotions to store -
when flashbacks are repeated:
and you look at the kilometers with annoyance
to hold my head
Your neck will get tired in a day.”
What does a crack in the heart mean?
When an internal combustion engine
at high speed,
getting closer
with your reflection
black and white multi-polar attraction.
Push the control levers
to horsepower limits
won't say hello to anorexia.
near a pile of metal
then why a wasp sting
there is a crack in the valve,
the window does not minimize
forgot to remove something alive.
There was a warranty coupon somewhere...
you will need to write/call,
For revision, send your application to:
Receive until complete atrophy
Apparently, the human dose is not enough for me...
Causes of development and treatment of mitral heart disease
Mitral heart disease refers to acquired defects when the mitral (bicuspid) valve, located between the ventricle and the left atrium, is affected; its valves are located at the edges of the mitral orifice. If the heart works normally, the valve opens when the left atrium contracts and blood enters the left ventricle; when the ventricle contracts, the valve closes and blood enters the aorta.
If the mitral valve is damaged, then when the left ventricle contracts, part of the blood returns to the left atrium and into the pulmonary circulation, thereby forming stagnation. The ejection of blood from the left atrium is also difficult; when the valve narrows, the vessels of the lungs become overloaded.
There are three types of mitral heart disease:
- A simple defect is when there is valve insufficiency.
- Stenosis is when the mitral orifice narrows.
- A complex defect is a combination of a simple defect and stenosis.
Diagnostic tests
In order to say with sufficient confidence that a person has mitral heart disease, a thorough diagnosis must be carried out.
- X-ray. X-ray examination shows that there is a rounding of the fourth arch in the anteroposterior projection. Since the left atrium is enlarged due to abnormal functioning, an x-ray may show a bulging of the third arch of the left circuit. Displacement of the contrasted esophagus along an arc of large radius may be observed.
- Electrocardiography. At the very beginning of the disease, the electrocardiogram shows cardiac function unchanged. After the disease begins to progress, a deviation of the electrical axis to the left is observed.
- Echocardiography determines the size of the walls and cavities of the left ventricle and atrium, as well as the condition of the valve apparatus. This research method is considered the most informative in identifying heart defects.
Causes of the occurrence and development of the disease
The main reason for the development of mitral disease is a rheumatic process in the heart. After suffering from rheumatism, growths form on the heart valve, which prevent it from allowing blood to flow freely. Scars appear on the valve and in the mitral orifice.
If the disease is not recognized in time and treatment is not started, over time a mineral layer forms on the valve, which disrupts its entire functioning, which leads to mitral stenosis. Of course, all this does not happen in one day; such complications take years. However, mitral disease does not always appear with rheumatism. It is probably not worth saying that with timely treatment of rheumatism, especially in childhood, there may be no consequences.
Another reason for the development of mitral heart disease may be a large ejection of blood, which leads to cracks in the mitral valve leaflets. These cracks heal over time, but the scars that appear in their place make the sash rigid and inactive. A bad signal may be tissue fusion due to many scars, then the patient’s condition may worsen.
Mitral stenosis can be caused by:
- Fever associated with rheumatism.
- Calcium can deposit on the valve leaflets, which leads to stenosis.
- Connective tissue disease.
- Benign tumor of the left atrium (myxoma).
With stenosis (narrowing of the valve), blood from the left ventricle enters the left atrium with difficulty, the atrium begins to work harder to push the blood through, and the organ enlarges. Blood stagnates in the lungs, while the right side of the heart also gradually enlarges. Heart failure develops.
Symptoms of pathology
In the initial stages, the disease is asymptomatic and can be discovered accidentally during examination of another disease or during an annual medical examination.
When the defect begins to progress, the patient may feel shortness of breath after physical exertion. Later, this shortness of breath is constantly present. Rapid heartbeat is the next common symptom. Many people develop a persistent cough with little phlegm. Pain in the heart can be felt regardless of physical activity; it can be aching, cutting or tingling.
Treatment of mitral heart disease
Mitral heart defects are treated by correcting or replacing the valve. In parallel with this, the cause of the disease, that is, rheumatic disease, is treated, and symptomatic therapy is also carried out, and heart rhythm disturbances are eliminated.
If the valve is slightly damaged, it is corrected or replaced using probing. In this case, the chest is not opened. As a basis, you can take the pig valve, which successfully takes root in the human body. Of course, you will need to consult an experienced surgeon, and preferably more than one, since the disease is serious and requires a thorough approach to treatment.
- Atrial fibrillation. In later stages it can be considered as one of the symptoms.
- Systemic embolism with thrombi from the left atrium. Diagnosed in a small percentage of people, but their frequency is much higher, this is due to the frequent asymptomatic course of the disease.
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Disease prevention
It was found that the disease is provoked by rheumatic fever or simply rheumatism. And rheumatism can appear after an untreated sore throat, which, in turn, occurs as a result of the activity of streptococci, and they can also affect the heart muscle. From this it is concluded that, first of all, the resulting sore throat should be treated, preferably under the guidance of a doctor, using antibacterial therapy and subsequent monitoring with an ECG.
In addition, the development of infective endocarditis, which occurs after penetrating manipulations, injections, catheter installation, operations or dental procedures, should be prevented.
The prognosis depends on the severity of myocarditis; even with significant defects and enlargement of the heart muscle, patients can live up to 10 years without surgery. If surgery is performed, the life prognosis is much higher.
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Cardiac aneurysm is a disease that is often a complication after injury or myocardial infarction. This pathology can develop in both older people and children. Why is it dangerous, what are the causes and symptoms of its occurrence? How to cope with this disease?
What it is? Causes
An aneurysm is a pathological protrusion of the walls of the heart. The heart muscle circulates blood in the body. Essentially, it is a pump that works continuously to deliver oxygen and other necessary substances to the cells along with the blood. Over time, malfunctions in its operation may occur due to various diseases. Then hypoxia develops, tissues do not receive enough oxygen and begin to die. The walls of the heart become thinner, the blood pressure on them increases and they sag in particularly vulnerable areas. The organ copes with its task worse and worse, which poses a threat to human life.
Most often, an aneurysm occurs in the left ventricle, as well as the interventricular space. The right ventricle is less affected. Another type of similar pathology is aortic aneurysm. The location of the disease depends on the specific cause that triggered its development.
The most common causes of aneurysm:
- myocardial infarction;
- cardiac ischemia;
- injuries and wounds;
- diseases of the aortic walls;
- fungal infections;
- infections;
- postoperative complications;
- syphilis;
- hypertension;
- use of low-quality surgical materials;
- hereditary predisposition.
Cardiac aneurysm in newborns is often congenital. Its appearance can be triggered by elastin deficiency, intrauterine trauma, developmental disruptions, and also at the genetic level.
The risk group for developing this pathology includes people who have had a heart attack or have serious diseases of the cardiovascular system, men over 40 years of age, smokers, as well as those whose relatives have similar problems.
Types of aneurysm
A cardiac aneurysm in the photo looks like a swollen section of the organ. Depending on the depth of the lesion and appearance, they are distinguished:
- diffuse;
- exfoliating;
- mushroom-shaped;
- saccular;
- flat.
Depending on the period of occurrence and severity of the disease, several types of aneurysm are distinguished.
Acute – develops in the first weeks after a heart attack. It is characterized by a rapid course and severe consequences, including rupture of thinned walls.
Subacute - occurs in the first month and a half after a heart attack due to disruption of scar formation processes.
Chronic - develops several months after a heart attack and is characterized by the formation of adhesions at the site of the scar. Gradually, the wall of the aneurysm becomes thicker.
One should also distinguish between a true aneurysm, a false one (the presence of adhesions) and a functional one, when necrotic processes are minimized, but contraction is impossible due to the loss of this ability by the myocardium.
Symptoms
An aneurysm may present differently in each person. Much in this regard depends on the specific cause and localization of its development. Cardiac aneurysm symptoms:
- malaise;
- pain and feeling of heaviness in the chest;
- heart rhythm disturbances, tachycardia;
- lack of oxygen, suffocation;
- pale skin;
- psychomotor agitation;
- uneven breathing;
- swelling of the limbs;
- cough and shortness of breath;
- intense sweating;
- dizziness.
The symptoms of aortic aneurysm, although slightly different, are characterized by pain in the back and left shoulder blade, the occurrence of pneumonia, swelling of the face, and radicular neuralgia. Increased salivation, esophageal dysphagia, bradycardia, and hoarseness are often observed.
It is quite difficult to detect an aneurysm, especially in a chronic form. You cannot focus only on the symptoms, because they may be similar to the manifestations of other diseases. To ascertain the causes of the malaise, it is necessary to undergo diagnostics.
Diagnostics
In order to make an accurate diagnosis, the patient must undergo a series of examinations. The primary examination consists of palpation of the chest area, intercostal space and visual assessment of the patient's condition. With an aneurysm, you can often notice a pulsating area, especially with damage to the aorta, and a painful lump can be felt. A blood test reveals inflammatory changes.
To study in more detail and identify the exact location of the lesion, a number of additional studies are carried out. First of all, this is an ECG, which allows you to determine the state of the myocardium by heart rhythm. To visually assess the organ, ultrasound or echocardiography is prescribed. With their help, you can clearly see the area of thinning of the walls and their protrusion. Radiography is ineffective in this regard and is therefore used extremely rarely. In severe cases, when it is necessary to obtain more accurate information about the condition of the heart, the doctor may prescribe an MRI or computed tomography.
Treatment methods
Treatment of cardiac aneurysm can be divided into two stages. At first, drug therapy is used. It allows you to reduce the intensity of the development of necrotic processes and strengthen the walls of the heart. This includes taking anticoagulants and glycoside injections. You can limit yourself to taking medications only if there is a small aneurysm.
For serious lesions, surgical intervention is necessary. In this case, there are 3 options for surgery: resection, suturing and strengthening of the walls.
Resection is performed with the heart switched off; its functions are temporarily performed by the artificial cardiac circuit. The surgeon removes the aneurysm and closes the incision site. The seams are further strengthened. It is very important to be precise when performing such an operation so as not to damage healthy tissue.
Suturing – the area of the aneurysm is sutured by immersing the thinned walls.
Strengthening the walls - thinned tissues are strengthened with the help of polymer materials that prevent their protrusion.
In the postoperative period, it is necessary to maintain bed rest, eat right, take medications that promote rapid recovery of the heart muscle, and also undergo routine ultrasound and radiography examinations on time.
Prognosis and complications
If left untreated, an aneurysm can lead to serious complications. It provokes the development of hypoxia in all tissues of the body. Often blood clots form on its walls, which can break at any moment. In addition, rupture of its walls is deadly, which leads to instant death.
Incompetent treatment or its complete absence can lead to the progression of the aneurysm. Often, doctors’ prognosis is extremely unfavorable: the patient has only a few years to live. If its development is slowed down, the patient can live another 15-20 years.
A similar defect occurs in 15-20% of patients in the post-infarction period. Sometimes it occurs again even after surgery. Unfortunately, cardiac aneurysms are increasingly being diagnosed in children. To reduce the likelihood of its occurrence, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, undergo periodic examinations, and not ignore the manifestations of diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Video about aortic aneurysm:
Causes of rupture of the aorta of the heart and diagnosis
Rupture of the aorta of the heart is a rare pathology. But the mortality rate is very high (up to 90%).
The aorta is the largest artery with the strongest and most powerful vascular wall, carrying blood from our heart. It supplies blood to all our organs and tissues, coping with a huge load. And of course, in our body it is the main vessel.
What is an aortic rupture?
The wall of this large artery has three layers. With an aneurysm, there is dissection of the wall, its weakening and loss of integrity. Violation of the integrity of the aortic wall means that blood has entered the wall of the artery, which is located between the inner and middle layers. This can happen if the inner layer of the artery ruptures, allowing blood to pass from the main body of the artery to the wall.
Sometimes blood bleeds from the tiny vessels that supply the outer wall. Then blood can also accumulate inside the layers of the vessel.
Symptoms of perforation of tissue in the aortic wall may be difficult to distinguish from symptoms of other heart diseases, such as an attack due to heart failure. Pain that is very severe in the chest and upper back is the most common symptom of both conditions.
But with a heart attack, the pain is usually intense, accompanied by the feeling that something is tearing in your chest. In contrast, when the aorta ruptures, the pain begins suddenly and seems to move. Less common is milder pain, which is sometimes mistaken for muscle strain.
Other signs and symptoms:
- dyspnea;
- fainting;
- sweating;
- weakness or paralysis on one side of the body;
- weaker pulse in one hand than in the other;
- dizziness;
- confusion.
The danger is that cutting the wall can direct blood away from the aorta, causing a fatal rupture of the artery. The situation with perforation of the wall of this large vessel, in which blood is pushed into the cavity of the pericardial sac or into the pleural cavity, is fraught with serious consequences.
Causes and types of aortic rupture
Rupture of the aorta of the heart, the causes of which are little studied, is a very dangerous condition. And doctors have clearly informed assumptions about the situations that precede the occurrence of vessel opening.
The main reason leading to disruption of the tissue of the aortic wall and resulting in its rupture is considered to be an aneurysm. The remaining reasons are either a push for perforation of the wall of this largest vessel, or the cause of the aneurysm itself. For example, high blood pressure is considered as a factor contributing to stress on the walls of the artery, which can cause the formation of an aneurysm or perforation of already sufficiently weakened vessel walls.
Anything that weakens the vessel wall can result in a rupture.
And there are many such factors:
- Marfan syndrome, when your body's tissues are weaker than normal;
- aneurysm;
- chest injuries;
- surgical operations near the heart;
- aortic valve pathology;
- obesity;
- fungal infections;
- inflammatory processes, especially nonspecific arthritis, fungal infection, syphilitic mesaortitis;
- age-related changes, more often in men from 40 to 70 years old;
- unhealthy diet, smoking, drug addiction;
- atherosclerosis and stenosis, followed by hypertension;
- complicated heredity, congenital aneurysms;
- pregnancy and childbirth.
The aorta first moves upward from the heart, emerging from the left ventricle. This is the ascending aorta. Then it bends down, moving from the chest to the abdominal cavity. And this is the descending aorta. Dissection of the aortic tissue can occur in its ascending or descending part.
Perforation in the ascending part of the vessel is more common, it is very life-threatening and is classified as type A. It is type A that very often leads to death. And in these cases, very urgent help is needed.
A rupture in the descending aorta is type B. It is usually not as life-threatening as type A and requires less urgent treatment.
How is an aortic rupture diagnosed?
Diagnosis and further examination begin with the patient’s complaints and with determining his condition by external signs.
The doctor then examines the patient and, using a stethoscope, listens for abnormal noise coming from the aorta.
Then it measures your blood pressure. Its readings may vary when measured on different hands.
An electrocardiogram (ECG) test is then needed to find out if the person is having an episode of heart failure. Sometimes the dissection of the wall of this vessel can be mistaken for a heart attack. And also both states at the same time are quite possible.
Follow-up tests to establish a diagnosis may include:
- Chest X-ray.
- Transthoracic echocardiogram.
The sound waves of an echocardiogram are used to visualize (create an image) of the heart and aorta.
The first thing you need to do if you have symptoms of an aortic rupture is to call a doctor.
Those who are close to the patient at this moment need to know:
- the patient should lie down with his head slightly raised;
- prohibited from moving;
- It is prohibited to take food, drink, or medicines;
- the only thing you can do is take a nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue to reduce the pain;
- the patient needs to be distracted and reassured by talking.
What does pressure 140 over 90 mean?
By the value of blood pressure you can judge the state of the body. When the tonometer shows a pressure of 140 over 90, you should pay attention to this. According to international criteria, such figures indicate mild hypertension and do not pose a threat to humans. Well, if a person’s working numbers have always been 100/60 mmHg. Art.? For him, such a promotion will have a very serious impact. Let's not waste time, but let's deal with everything in order. Pressure 140 over 90: what does this mean, is it necessary to reduce this pressure and, if necessary, then with what?
What does it mean if blood pressure is 140 to 90 mmHg? Art?
Normal blood pressure is traditionally considered to be between 110/70 and 139/89 mmHg. Art. A pressure of 140 over 90 is outside the normal range and indicates the development of stage 1 hypertension. A rise to such numbers is unpleasant, but uncritical and easily controlled.
We must also not forget about possible stress or physical overexertion, due to which a healthy person’s blood pressure may rise to 140 over 90 at one time. But still, this should not be ignored.
Causes of pressure 140 to 90
Most often, increased pressure develops without a reason (essential or primary hypertension).
If the reasons are known, then they could be:
- overweight;
- genetic factors;
- heart defects;
- endocrine disorders (diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, etc.);
- kidney damage;
- excessive alcohol consumption;
- smoking;
- unbalanced diet;
- coffee abuse;
- passive lifestyle;
- age-related changes in the vascular wall;
- constant exposure to stress factors.
All of these reasons, individually or in combination, can lead to increased blood pressure.
Is blood pressure 140 over 90 normal?
No. Such pressure values are considered elevated and require correction. Of course, this is not such a critical situation as to start panicking, but it’s worth paying attention and dealing with it. After all, it is always better to notice the initial stages of the disease and prevent the development of serious complications than to wait for death.
Blood pressure 140 over 90 – symptoms
How will such pressure manifest itself? The most common symptoms and signs include:
- headache;
- ringing in the ears and darkening of the eyes;
- pain and discomfort in the cardiac region;
- redness and sweating;
- dyspnea;
- decreased cognitive function;
- feeling of heat.
Do I need to do anything to lower my blood pressure?
Of course it is necessary. First you need to sit down and calm down. Deep breathing will help lower your blood pressure slightly. If the pressure does not decrease and the symptoms intensify, it is recommended to call an ambulance. Before her arrival, it is better to take a horizontal position with your head raised. If this is not the first time, then you need to take the medications previously prescribed by your doctor. As stated above, a pressure of 140 over 90 is not an emergency, but it cannot be ignored.
Is this kind of blood pressure dangerous?
Any increase in pressure increases the load on the entire body and the heart in particular. Heart failure and heart attack may occur. With hypertension, blood vessels are more susceptible to rupture, which leads to hemorrhages in various organs, and the development of a stroke is possible.
Blood pressure 140 over 90 during pregnancy
Such pressure indicators are an alarming signal for pregnant women. High blood pressure may be the first sign of developing preeclampsia, a serious condition that requires immediate attention. Therefore, here you must always keep your finger on the pulse and carefully monitor all pressure surges.
For older people, a blood pressure of 140 over 90 is not the norm?
Due to age-related changes, older people will experience high blood pressure. But this does not mean that nothing needs to be done about it. The doctor will prescribe appropriate treatment that will keep the blood pressure within normal limits and prolong the patient’s life.
What to do with such pressure?
First you need to put your lifestyle in order, improve your diet and reduce the number of stress factors. Then you need to see a doctor to prescribe medication.
Treatment of high blood pressure
Pharmacy offers a wide selection of drugs for the treatment of arterial hypertension. But the most important thing is to constantly take these medications, regardless of whether a person currently has high blood pressure or not. The therapy only works if the pills are taken continuously over a long period of time. In addition, we must not forget about concomitant diseases. If they exist, then treatment should be aimed at them as well.
Blood pressure 140 over 90 – what medications to take?
You cannot take any medications on your own. It is better to consult a doctor so that he can prescribe the necessary tablets and dosages.
In case of a sharp attack of high blood pressure, it is recommended to take Captopril (a drug from the group of ACE inhibitors).
For continuous preventive use the following drugs are used:
- diuretics;
- ACE inhibitors;
- angiotensin receptor blockers;
- beta blockers;
- calcium channel blockers.
It is better not to choose a drug on your own, but to seek advice from a doctor, since not all drugs act equally on different people, and the causes of high blood pressure may be different.
How to quickly reduce blood pressure at home?
To bring down the pressure of 140 to 90 at home, you need to take the following measures:
- take 10 slow deep breaths and exhalations;
- if this does not help, and the symptoms increase, call an ambulance;
- you can take valerian tincture;
- if there is discomfort in the heart area, take a nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue;
- if the pressure continues to increase despite the measures taken - 1 tablet of Captopress (Captopril).
Conclusion
Pressure 140 over 90 is a manifestation of initial changes in the body. Timely treatment will allow you to control your blood pressure, improve your quality of life, and provide maximum protection from life-threatening complications.
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