Content
Many parents panic when ophthalmologists confirm a violation of accommodation in children, without imagining what it is and what the risk may be for the child. In fact, spasm of accommodation (false myopia) occurs not only in children, but also in adults; vision can be restored if the right treatment is prescribed that relaxes the necessary eye muscles. Ophthalmologists know how to relieve spasms of the eye muscles, since the disease is considered common and its mechanism of action is known.
What is a spasm of accommodation
To accommodate means to adapt. The ciliary muscles and ligaments adapt when a person changes the direction of their gaze, trying to look at objects that are located nearby. In this case, the eye muscles contract, the ciliary muscle tenses, and the ciliary band, on the contrary, relaxes so that the lens changes focus, becoming more convex. When looking into the distance, disaccommodation occurs with relaxation of the ciliary muscles.
Accommodative spasm is functional impairment visual acuity, when the ciliary muscle is in a constantly tense state under load, even if a change in the focus of the lens on a nearby object is not required. All smooth fibers of the visual muscle - meridional, radial, circular - are in spasm and cannot relax. This disrupts the focusing mechanism of the lens and eye lenses, a person begins to see worse near and far.
ICD-10 code
According to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, disturbances of accommodation and refractive abilities of the lens are classified as code H52. Among them are:
- astigmatism – H52.2;
- presbyopia – H52.4;
- accommodative spasm – H52.5;
- aniseikonia – H52.3;
- various disorders accommodation – H52.6;
- disturbances of accommodation of unknown etiology – H52.7.
Symptoms
The first signs of false myopia include the appearance fatigue when reading, writing or working at a monitor if it is located close to the eyes. This situation is accompanied by the appearance of further signs requiring medical care:
- there is a feeling of burning and stinging in the cornea of the eyes;
- a person complains that the silhouettes of objects begin to blur and become less clear;
- it’s hard to look closely at something, especially at dusk; visual acuity decreases when working in the dark;
- the pathology can manifest itself as a headache in the temples, migraine, possible lacrimation, swelling, redness of the eyeballs;
- constant unpleasant trembling of the eyelids, different pupil sizes, constant involuntary movements of the eyeballs.
Causes
Spasms of the visual muscles are often observed in children and people adolescence who constantly sit at a computer or in front of a television screen at a short distance. In this case, the following phenomena can contribute to false myopia in children:
- too high or too low level a desk at which the child does his homework;
- improper lighting of the workplace;
- heavy study load, to which the child’s body is not adapted;
- low level physical activity, hypovitaminosis, muscle weakness.
Adults have their own reasons for the appearance of false myopia - starting from the age of 40-45, changes in the elasticity of the lens occur, the accommodation process is disrupted, near vision acuity becomes worse, a person develops age-related farsightedness, and a spasm appears. The pathology can be aggravated by head injuries, a tendency to hysteria, climacteric manifestations.
Classification
Ophthalmologists distinguish three types of accommodation disorders:
- Accommodative or physiological, when spasms occur as a reaction to incorrect conditions study, work, constant overload of the visual muscles. If the pathology of accommodation has just begun, then simple corrective measures, streamlining your sleep, rest, and study patterns will return your former visual acuity.
- Caused artificially. This type of visual impairment occurs as a result of taking certain medications - miotics. After treatment is discontinued, vision returns to normal.
- Pathological spasm. This disturbance of accommodation is associated with a refractive error, when farsightedness in a person is replaced by myopia. This pathology can be old or recent, uniform or uneven, treatable or resistant to drugs and other therapeutic measures.
Diagnostics
Parents do not always correctly interpret their child’s complaints about prolonged headache, eye strain, attributing it age-related changes or school stress, so detection of pathology occurs on a general basis preventive examination At school. The child should be shown to a pediatric ophthalmologist to conduct the following tests if an accommodation disorder is suspected:
- determined how much visual acuity has deteriorated using special devices;
- what is the optical reserve of accommodation;
- studied the refractive abilities of the lens;
- took a shadow sample for skiascopy;
- determined the consistency of movements and changes in the pupils of both eyes.
Treatment of accommodation spasm
If it is impossible to immediately determine what were the reasons for the development of accommodation pathology in a child or adult, then the patient is referred for additional examination to an orthopedist or neurologist to find out the causes of spasm of the ciliary muscles. Treatment of accommodation spasm in adults and children involves complex therapy, which includes the following measures:
- instillation in conjunctival sac eye drops, having a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the ciliary muscle and ligaments;
- the use of vitamin and mineral complexes that have a beneficial effect on vision restoration;
- eye gymnastics classes;
- electrophoresis;
- correction course with magnetotherapy;
- massage of the cervical spine and frontal region, physiotherapy, manual or acupuncture sessions.
Drops to relax the eye muscles
Drug therapy special drops that relax the ciliary muscle, allowing you to quickly restore the accommodation apparatus. However, they need to be instilled regularly, and there is a high probability that after some time accommodation will be disrupted again. Doctors recommend not only instilling drops for spasms, but also taking other measures to restore vision. Anti-spasm drops include:
- Irifrin;
- Cyclomed;
- Lutein;
- Mydriacyl;
- Tropicamide;
- Atropine (rarely used).
Irifrin
Being an adrenergic agonist, Irifrin drops help dilate the pupil, relaxing the eye muscles, relieving spasm. Data eye drops To relieve spasms, they are used for children over six years of age and adults. Instill Irifrin for spasms at night, 1 drop in each conjunctival sac for at least one month to achieve optimal results. The drug is contraindicated in following cases:
- presence of closed-angle glaucoma;
- with arterial aneurysm;
- patients with acute heart failure and cerebral blood supply disorders;
- with hyperthyroidism;
- childhood up to 6 years old.
Cyclomed
The drug is used to relieve symptoms associated with spasm - eliminates eye pain, burning and stinging, reduces redness of the eyeballs, has a calming effect, eliminates myopia. For adults and children, 1-2 drops of solution are instilled into each eye once. The effect should occur in 10-20 minutes, and if this does not happen, then another 1 drop of solution is instilled into each eye. Cyclomed is not recommended for the following pathologies:
- allergies to the main substance or auxiliary components;
- angle-closure glaucoma;
- intestinal obstruction;
- post-traumatic paresis;
- under 3 years of age.
Gymnastics for the eyes
Ophthalmologists recommend eye gymnastics for accommodation spasms as a method that brings good results. However, you should know that you will have to do gymnastics regularly, perhaps for a year or two. The effect of the exercises will not be immediate, but will last for a long time, the ability to accommodate will return again. Exercises for the eyes are done once a day, in the evenings, so that later the eyes no longer strain when reading or working. You can do the following exercises:
- Stick a small piece of plasticine on the window, at eye level, slowly moving your gaze from it to the distant future.
- Close your eyes tightly and open your eyes, repeating this 10 times.
- Blink quickly and frequently for 30 seconds.
- Move your eyeballs in a circle 10 times, then the same amount diagonally.
Treatment of accommodation spasm in children
In a child, the process of accommodation and elimination of spasm occurs the faster the earlier the parents discovered the problem and turned to specialists for help. In addition, strict adherence to medical recommendations plays a huge role in therapy - not everyone has the patience to monotonously repeat the same exercises and apply eye drops day after day. Many people stop doing the procedures after there is an improvement. To ensure that accommodation returns to the child for a long time, and spasms do not recur, you need to adhere to the following rules:
- Introduce into your diet foods that have a beneficial effect on vision - carrots, blueberries.
- Take vitamin and mineral complexes that promote satiety useful substances ciliary muscles and returning them to work, for example, the children's Lutein complex.
- Strictly follow all medical recommendations regarding the prescription of Irifrin or Cyclomed.
Prognosis and prevention
If all prescriptions are followed, the prognosis for relieving accommodative spasm is favorable, and visual acuity is restored. To prevent the pathology from returning, the following measures must be taken:
- jogging, physical exercise, walking more;
- reduce the time spent sitting in front of a TV screen or monitor;
- do eye exercises;
- introduce fruits and vegetables into the diet that restore accommodation.
Video
Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give treatment recommendations based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.
Found an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we will fix everything!Spasm of accommodation or otherwise tired eyes syndrome, is impaired visual function as a result of spasmodic contraction of the ciliary muscle of the eye. The disease is accompanied by decreased vision and rapid eye fatigue when working with objects at close range. In this case, fatigue is accompanied by pain in the temples and forehead.
This is one of the most common ophthalmological diseases in children. Spasm of accommodation ranks second in frequency of occurrence after myopia (approximately 15% of schoolchildren suffer from it of different ages). The pathological process is reversible up to a certain stage, but over time, in the absence of correction, it turns into true myopia. This disease is detected by an ophthalmologist during comprehensive examination. Treatment consists of instilling eye drops, gymnastics, and massage.
Accommodation of the human eye is carried out by changing the focus of the gaze at different distances.
It is controlled by the uninterrupted operation of the accommodative apparatus, which includes 3 visual elements:
- lens;
- zonular ligaments;
- ciliary (accommodative) muscle, which in turn is represented by meridional (Brücke), radial (Ivanova), circular (Müller) smooth muscle fibers.
When accommodating into the distance, the eye muscles are in a relaxed state. When the need arises to focus the gaze on nearby objects, the meridional fibers tense, and the ligaments of Zinn, on the contrary, relax. All this happens with an increase in the eye's ability to refract light rays and a change in the curvature of the lens.
During a spasm of accommodation, the circular and radial fibers of the ciliary muscle cannot completely relax. Because of this, the ciliary body is constantly in prolonged contraction.
Causes of accommodation spasm
In schoolchildren, the disease is associated with excessive visual stress ( working at a computer, reading and writing in poor lighting and in an incorrectly selected workplace). Insufficient time devoted to sports, walks, rest and exercise for the eye muscles contributes to the development of the disease. Render Negative influence asthenic syndrome, juvenile osteochondrosis, hypovitaminosis, incorrect posture.
After 40-45 years, the lens begins to thicken and loses elasticity. This is accompanied by decreased visual acuity at close range and gradual development. Spasm of accommodation in an adult develops extremely rarely as an independent disease.
The main causes of accommodation spasm in adults:
- permanent fixation looking at nearby objects;
- long-term exposure bright light;
- CNS lesions(neuroses, migraines, cerebrovascular accidents);
- hormonal imbalance;
- cervicothoracic osteochondrosis;
- professional activities related to permanent eye strain(seamstresses, programmers).
Vascular spasm of the eye and brain plays an important role in the development of the disease. Deterioration of blood circulation in the ciliary arteries is associated with the appearance of myopia.
Classification
There is a certain classification system pathological process accommodation of the eyes. Depending on the causes, there are several types of spasm:
- Transitional. Occurs as a result of the action of ophthalmic miotic drugs, such as Pilocarpine, Ezerin. This type of spasm does not require treatment; it disappears on its own after stopping the medications.
Physiological. It develops as a response of the body to visual stress, when a person strains his near vision and at the same time has farsightedness or. Physiological species accommodation most often occurs in people who, due to professional activity you have to work with objects located nearby. To eliminate physiological accommodation, correction with glasses and special exercises to restore the functioning of the ciliary muscle. Important! Physiological spasm develops in adults if they have farsightedness and astigmatism. At the same time, the ciliary muscles contract, changing the shape of the lens, because of this, refraction (the ability of the eye to refract light) increases and the person sees better. This is a compensatory reaction of the human body.
Pathological. Pathological appearance spasm develops when hypermetropic refraction changes to myopic. In this case, there is a progression of decreased visual acuity. It, in turn, is divided into unstable and persistent, uniform and uneven, old, occurring more than a year ago, and fresh (less than a year). Pathological spasm appears in people with normal visual acuity as a result of prolonged work with objects located close to the eyes. In adults, this is associated with prolonged work at a laptop, tablet, or computer without a break to rest the eyes.- Paresis. Separate group There is false myopia of a neurogenic nature, which occurs when the nerves responsible for the contraction and relaxation of the ciliary muscles are damaged. The cause of the pathology is infections of the head, neck, head injuries, and spine.
Sometimes in ophthalmological practice There is also a spasm of accommodation of a mixed nature, which combines pathological and physiological mechanisms.
Symptoms
Signs of false myopia can be confused with symptoms of true myopia.
In the presence of a spasm of accommodation, the following may appear:
- double vision when looking at objects in the distance;
- deterioration of visual acuity;
- rapid eye fatigue from working with objects at close range;
- pain, pain in the eyes, temples, frontal part of the head;
- profuse lacrimation;
- redness of the conjunctiva.
Sometimes there are complaints of headache of undetermined localization and extreme fatigue. If the pathology is observed in a child, he may complain of irritability and severe fatigue at the beginning of the day. His performance is declining. Children with this disease begin to have difficulty seeing into the distance.
Pathological spasm may present with typical ocular signs such as tremors eyeball(nystagmus), anisocoria ( different size pupils), trembling of the eyelids, and general manifestations in the form of migraine attacks, mood swings, increased sweating palms, hand tremors.
Spasm of accommodation may occur after laser correction.
Diagnostics
If there is visual fatigue or decreased vision, it is necessary to consult an ophthalmologist (in cases with children, a children's eye doctor).
The examination includes:
- collection of medical history and complaints;
- general examination (with false myopia, the patient may notice constant squinting when looking into the distance, frequent blinking, redness of the sclera and conjunctival membrane);
- fundus examination;
- visimetry (determining the clarity of vision using tables);
- refractometry (detecting the ability of the lens to refract light rays);
- Convergence Research;
- skiascopy;
- identification of the reserve and volume of accommodation.
If a child is examined, he is sent for consultation to a pediatric neurologist or orthopedic traumatologist.
Important! Spasm of accommodation must be differentiated from vasospasm (vasospasm of the fundus), in which the small arteries supplying blood to the retina are strongly reduced. This disease is characterized by periodic blurred vision, flickering spots, and constant headaches.
Treatment
After the diagnosis is made, a comprehensive treatment is prescribed, including medications, physiotherapy, and hardware techniques.
Drug therapy includes instillation of drops that help relax the ciliary muscle. For spasms, medications are used that help relax the eye muscles (mydriatics). Eye drops for spasm of accommodation affect muscle tone, changing the curvature of the lens. As a result, it begins to function correctly, vision improves, and eye strain disappears. Which better than a drop the ophthalmologist decides on accommodation spasm in each specific case after establishing the cause of the pathological process.
The main drugs for relieving spasm of accommodation are shown in the following table.
| Name of the drug. | Action. |
| Tropicamide. | Helps relieve spasm as a result of pupil dilation and paralysis of the ciliary muscle for 5-6 hours. |
| Atropine. | It effectively relieves spasms, but due to its long-lasting action, which lasts about a week, it is rarely used. The fact is that pupil dilation prevents a person from seeing normally in the light. |
| Irifrin. | Alpha adrenergic agonist, which is used for severe spasms. |
| Cyclomed. | A drug that acts for 7-11 hours. It is recommended to use it at night. Then by morning the person will see well and there will be no complications. |
Therapy for spasm of accommodation must be carried out exclusively under the supervision of an ophthalmologist. Under no circumstances should you take any medications on your own initiative or on the advice of friends! This can lead to complications and undesirable consequences.
Electrophoresis and magnetotherapy are used as physiotherapy. If the cause of the spasm is a disease of the spine, then courses are conducted therapeutic massage cervicothoracic zone, acupuncture, physical therapy, manual therapy.
A computer software module helps train the ciliary muscle "Relax", magnetic stimulation, color stimulation, electrical stimulation, laser therapy. As prescribed by a doctor, children over three years of age are prescribed for spasm of accommodation. Sidorenko glasses.
To consolidate the results of a complex of therapeutic effects, it is necessary to heal the body through hardening, proper nutrition, and sports. It is recommended to take special vitamin preparations to improve vision ( Blueberry forte), and for children Lutein complex.
Gymnastics
Special gymnastics for spasm of accommodation in the unadvanced stage helps to eliminate eye strain. First, it is performed in a specialist’s office, under his direct supervision. Then it will be possible to cure the spasm of accommodation at home using gymnastics yourself.
The doctor will tell you in detail about the technique of performing eye gymnastics. They mainly perform circular, vertical and horizontal movements of the eyeballs, rapid blinking, and concentration of gaze on the bridge of the nose.
useful gymnastics for the eyes
This type of training for the eye muscles helps them relax and contract. If you perform such gymnastics daily, you can get rid of muscle spasm of the accommodative apparatus. Each exercise must be performed 5-10 times, the number of repetitions must be agreed with the attending physician, as it depends on the complexity of the disease. The more complex its degree, the more gentle eye exercises should be at the beginning of therapy.
In children
As already mentioned above, spasm of accommodation most often develops in childhood. This is due to the heavy workload at school, constant use of the computer, tablets, and smartphones.
Modern children experience enormous strain on the eyes, because in addition to the strain on their eyes at school (they constantly need to look at the blackboard, at the textbook, at the notebook), when they come home, they sit down in front of laptops, consoles, televisions, not giving their eyes a rest at all. It is not surprising that almost every 3 schoolchildren has myopia or false myopia. Fortunately, child's eye is very susceptible to therapy and the process of accommodation spasm is completely reversible at a certain stage of development. Therapy in children is practically no different from adult treatment (except for the dosage of medications).
When are glasses needed?
If there is a pathological spasm of accommodation, wearing glasses with minus lenses is highly not recommended, since the ciliary muscles of the eye are already tense. As a result, the condition worsens, the person becomes worse, and the disease begins to progress at double speed.
But if you have false myopia caused by astigmatism or age-related farsightedness, glasses will only improve your condition. They help cope with eye strain and asthenopic manifestations. Thanks to correctly selected glasses, it is possible to avoid complications of the disease.
Prognosis and prevention
Accommodation spasm can be successfully treated, as it is a completely reversible functional disorder. With the help of medications, you can quickly eliminate spasm of the ciliary muscle through forced relaxation. To achieve a lasting effect, it is necessary to carry out a full range of treatment, eliminating the causes contributing to the development of spasm of accommodation.
Preventive measures that can prevent the development of accommodation spasm are as follows:
- organization of a good night's rest;
- playing sports;
- proper nutrition;
- maintaining correct posture while working;
- selection of corrective optics in the presence of astigmatism, farsightedness;
- hardening of the body;
- taking vitamins for the eyes.
Spasm of accommodation is a functional disorder associated with improper functioning of the ciliary muscle, which constantly contracts. These contractions cause the eye to automatically focus on various objects located both far and near. If detected early, the disease can be easily corrected. If left untreated, it leads to decreased visual acuity. Therefore, if you notice symptoms characteristic of false myopia, you should consult an ophthalmologist.
IN last years There is an increase in the number of people with myopia around the world. One of the causes of myopia is spasm of accommodation - a functional disorder of the ciliary muscle. Let's find out what it is, symptoms, treatment and other aspects associated with such an ailment as spasm of accommodation.
Spasm of accommodation occurs in both children and adults, although the latter are less likely to experience this disease. It is not an ophthalmological disease. This is a functional vision disorder. Its symptoms appear suddenly and also disappear unexpectedly. To understand the mechanism of development of accommodation spasm, you should first understand the concept of “accommodation”.
Spasm of accommodation: what it is, symptoms, treatment
Each structure of the eyeball is responsible for performing specific functions. Focusing at various distances is provided by the lens, ciliary muscle and ligament of Zinn. Together they form the accommodative apparatus. It works as follows: if a person looks at objects distant from him, the ciliary muscle is in a relaxed state, and the ligament of Zinn comes into tension. When looking at objects close to the eyes, the fibers of the ciliary muscle tense, while the ligament of Zinn, on the contrary, relaxes. As a result of these processes, the lens changes its curvature. This mechanism is called ocular accommodation.
If the ciliary muscle does not relax, it is difficult for a person to focus on distant objects; they blur and become unclear, as in myopia. This happens when the focus is shifted from objects close to the face, which is why the spasm of accommodation is also called “false myopia.”
Spasm of accommodation is a visual disorder that can occur at any age. It is often observed in children experiencing heavy load in front of your eyes at school. Dangerous illness a spasm of accommodation occurs when it occurs frequently and no measures are taken to treat it.
Spasm of accommodation in children: causes and treatment
Children have to constantly “load” their eyes with reading at school, and then at home when doing their homework. Added to this load is the constant use of gadgets, computers, and watching TV. There are many more factors that can provoke a spasm of accommodation in schoolchildren than there are reasons causing symptoms false myopia in adults. It is more difficult to detect them in a child, since he may not notice the illness and not complain about it. The list of the main causes of accommodation spasm in children includes the following factors:
- unbalanced diet and lack of vitamins in the body;
- incorrect body position when reading;
- circulatory disorders in the spine, especially in the cervical region, cervical disorder, spinal muscles;
- using a table and chair that is not appropriate for the child’s age;
- increased load on the eyes in the absence of eye exercises;
- improper organization of the workspace: poor lighting, too large or too small a distance from which the child reads, etc.
These are the most common reasons. False myopia can also be caused by head/eye injuries and neurological diseases.
Causes of accommodation spasm in adults
Actually, the above reasons can become factors provoking a spasm of accommodation in adults. It just occurs more often among schoolchildren. In adulthood, false myopia occurs in those people whose work involves excessive eye strain, for example, office workers, jewelers, and seamstresses. Sometimes a spasm of accommodation is a symptom of osteochondrosis. Hormonal disruptions can also lead to disruption of the ciliary muscle. Insomnia, increased fatigue body, improper mode of work, rest and sleep are other provoking causes of spasm of accommodation in adulthood.
Spasm of accommodation of the eye: symptoms
The problem with identifying the disease is that its symptoms are not so specific. Many of its symptoms are included in the symptoms of other ophthalmological diseases. So, the symptoms of accommodation spasm include:
- poor eyesight at a remote distance after reading and working at the computer;
- blurry near vision;
- weakness that occurs after reading;
- redness of the sclera;
- pain, burning, burning sensation in the eyes;
- headaches, dizziness;
- photophobia.
If treatment measures are not taken, symptoms occur more frequently and visual acuity decreases. Children may not say anything about their condition, but they can notice signs of spasm from the outside. If a child constantly squints, rubs his eyes while doing homework, or leans too close to the notebook, it is worth checking the state of his vision. Parents and teachers should also pay attention to the child’s low activity at school and poor academic performance. This may be due to a visual disorder.
Accommodation spasm: treatment methods
Treatment of spasm of accommodation in adults and children is no different. You can get rid of the disease conservative methods. Among them:
- eye drops;
- physiotherapy;
- gymnastics for the eyes.
Let's pay a little attention to each treatment method.
Treatment with drops
Medicines- most effective method eliminating signs of accommodation spasm. Treatment with drops is carried out after examination by an ophthalmologist. Drops usually have no contraindications, but you should make sure that the visual disorder is a symptom of a spasm of accommodation and not another ophthalmopathology.
For false myopia, the ophthalmologist prescribes medications that help relax the ciliary muscle of the eye. Medicines such as Atropine, Tropicamide, Cyclomed, and Mydriacyl are often prescribed. Treatment with drops for spasm of accommodation is carried out in courses, the duration of which depends on the severity of the disease. Usually the course lasts 1-4 weeks. Along with the above drugs, the ophthalmologist can prescribe drops with a moisturizing effect, which help eliminate associated symptoms spasm - redness, dryness, eye fatigue. If the drops do not help, another method is used - hardware treatment of accommodation spasm.
Hardware treatment of accommodation spasm
For false myopia, the following procedures are prescribed:
- laser therapy;
- magnetic therapy;
- electrophoresis;
- acupuncture;
- electrical stimulation.
They help stop the development of the pathological process, improve blood circulation in the eye and nutrition of the tissues of the organ of vision, and normalize the functioning of the ciliary muscle. Hardware methods are only available in the hospital. At home, a person can use a third method of treatment - eye gymnastics.
Spasm of accommodation: exercises to treat the disease
With a spasm of accommodation eye exercises help relieve tension from the ciliary muscle and restore visual functions. If you do eye exercises daily, false myopia can be avoided. Gymnastics will be effective only if it is performed correctly and systematically. You need to do it every day for 10-15 minutes, following certain rules. Doctors recommend the following set of eye exercises:
- Draw a black circle with a diameter of 2 cm on the window glass with a marker. You need to look at the black dot from a distance of 30 cm. After a minute, look at some object outside the window, and then again at the dot. Repeat this algorithm 10 times.
- Sit on a chair, straighten your back and do light massage eyes with your fingertips. You need to put a little pressure on your eyeballs and then relax completely.
- Close your eyes for 5 seconds and open your eyes wide. Repeat this task 10 times.
- Smoothly move your gaze left and right, up and down. After this, perform circular movements with your eyes clockwise and counterclockwise.
- Blink at a rapid pace for 30 seconds. This will help relieve eye strain.
- Extend your arms forward and focus on the tip index finger hand extended in front of the face. Slowly bring your hand closer to your face and touch your nose with your index finger, without taking your eyes off your finger. After this, move your hand back. Repeat the exercise 6-7 times.
- Massage your eyes with your fingertips using circular movements.
This is what eye gymnastics looks like, helping to eliminate spasm of accommodation. Exercise for treatment is not only a way to relieve symptoms, but also best prevention. Exercise helps both adults and children. The main thing is to do it daily, especially if the work involves long and constant voltage eye.
Complications of accommodation spasm
Spasm of accommodation, if untreated, can lead to asthenopia. It will be quite difficult to work or study with constant fatigue, headaches and decreased visual acuity. Due to false myopia, true myopia can develop. Myopia and accommodation spasm, although they are different ailments, often cause the same symptoms. It is better to eliminate a symptom such as a spasm than to treat myopia for a long time.
A pathology such as spasm of accommodation is a dysfunction of the eye muscle, which is responsible for adjusting the curvature of the lens. These disorders cause loss of focus on individual objects or images that are located at different distances from the person. There are drops to relieve spasm of accommodation, but they must be used after consulting a doctor.
Features of the pathology
The human eye is a rather complex organ responsible for one of the types of perception, that is, visual. The work of the eye can be compared to binoculars or a microscope, which is capable of changing the sharpness of the image.
In the human eye, the ciliary muscle is responsible for changing sharpness, which works much like a wheel in mechanical optics.
That is, with the help of this muscle, the eye lens is able to move, thereby focusing the sharpness of the image on the retina.
The principle of operation of this muscle is extremely simple and understandable, for example, if a person needs to look at images or objects that are far away, the muscle weakens, which allows the lens to become flatter. And if a person looks at images or objects that are nearby, the ciliary muscle begins to tense, thereby making the lens more convex.
However, excessively frequent tension of this eye muscle leads to fatigue. Due to the so-called fatigue of the ciliary muscle, the focusing of the eye begins to deteriorate sharply. However, do not panic, as this pathology is curable.
Accommodation spasm is also known as false myopia. If this pathology is detected, you should immediately seek treatment from a highly qualified ophthalmologist. If treatment is ignored, this can lead to a more serious disease - myopia.
Causes of spasm of accommodation
Spasm of accommodation can occur due to the following factors:
Artificial factor. Arises due to side effects medications. Pathological factor. Occurs due to prolonged exposure to TV or computer; problems with blood circulation in the spinal cord, poor diet, bad habits, etc. Physiological factor. Occurs due to astigmatism.
In addition, a spasm of accommodation can occur due to traumatic brain injury, hormonal imbalance, eye injuries.
The main signs of this pathology:
Rapid eye fatigue during close-range vision. Periodic pain, burning, redness of the eyes. Poor focusing on objects that are located at close range. And objects located at a far distance have a very blurred or split appearance. Periodic headaches. Blurred vision.
Preparations for relieving accommodation spasms
Eye drops help relax the ciliary muscle, thereby relieving unpleasant symptoms. Approximate treatment lasts about a month, after which this pathology should disappear.
To treat spasm of accommodation, use the following eye drops:
Irifrin. Designed to expand the ciliary muscle of the eye and eliminate the symptoms of the disease so-called false myopia. Mydriacyl. Allows you to relieve irritation and also affects the ciliary muscle of the eye, which leads to its further relaxation. Lutein. It acts directly on the ocular ciliary muscle, which leads to the release of tension and the elimination of symptoms of pathology. These drops can be used to treat a child under 12 years of age, but only after consultation with an ophthalmologist.
Tropicamide. Drops are intended for the treatment of false myopia for children over 12 years of age. Cyclomed. The drug in the form of drops is intended to relieve symptoms such as redness of the eyes, itching, pain or burning, and it is also used in the treatment of the ciliary muscle. Atropine. Used to eliminate eye irritation and prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon.
All these drugs are able to relax the ciliary muscle of the eye, which, after about two to three weeks of treatment, eliminates the spasm of accommodation. But this phenomenon will return again after a certain period of time, so comprehensive treatment is necessary that will completely eliminate this disease.
However, it is worth considering that unauthorized treatment with these medications without preliminary consultation from an ophthalmologist may lead to unpleasant consequences. Treatment similar drugs without the necessary knowledge may cause side effects, which can also harm the human body.
Treatment of accommodation spasm
In order to get rid of this disease, ophthalmology specialists prescribe complex treatment to the patient. The first thing an ophthalmologist prescribes is medications for the eyes (Atropine, Irifrin, Midriacil, etc.), which relieve tension from the ciliary muscle, they are often used in drops.
The duration of treatment with drops for false myopia is approximately 7 to 35 days. Drops are quite effective in eliminating this problem, however, the disease may return again in a complicated form.
To prevent this from happening, it is necessary in parallel with the use medicinal drops do the following:
Do eye exercises regularly. Spend more time on fresh air. To live an active lifestyle. Reduce your time at the computer, TV and other gadgets. Take foods that help improve vision (carrots, blueberries, etc.).
Exercises to eliminate the problem of false myopia:
Blink continuously at an accelerated pace for about 45-60 seconds, after which you need to do a light massage through your eyelids, rotating your fingers in a circle. Rotate your eyeballs clockwise and counterclockwise 10 times. The procedure must be repeated 5-6 times, with an interval of 30 seconds. Quickly focus vision on objects that are at different distances. Do the exercise for 3-4 minutes.
Take the handle, then focus your gaze on it and move the object back and forth, while still watching it.
In addition, in order to minimize the harm from being at the computer, it is necessary that the monitor be located slightly below the eyes, and the distance should be at least 65 -70 centimeters. In addition, it is recommended to wear special glasses in order to minimize the harm from prolonged viewing of TV or staying at the computer.
Spasm of accommodation is a fairly common phenomenon, which significantly reduces the quality of life and therefore needs to be eliminated in a timely manner. Treatment of this pathology, in most cases, is carried out with the help of special drops that help relax the muscles. If the disease is not eliminated in time, it can provoke the emergence of more serious problems.
Accommodation spasm is a serious pathology that can be caused by disruption of the eye muscle, which is responsible for proper adjustment of the lens. This disease causes loss of focus, that is, a person may no longer see at long or close distances. Now you can select eye drops to relieve spasm of accommodation, which we will talk about in detail in this article.
What eye drops exist to relieve spasm of accommodation?
What is a spasm of accommodation
There is a muscle in the eye that is responsible for focusing the lens. If such focusing is disrupted, then loss of vision at long and near distances may occur. The essence of the work of this muscle is quite simple: if a person looks into the distance, it relaxes. If you need to see objects that are nearby, then it begins to strain, which makes the lens convex.
However, if accommodation of the eye occurs, the muscle loses the ability to quickly react and change its tension. Accordingly, a person loses the accuracy of vision, which causes a lot of problems.
With such a disease, you need to immediately contact an ophthalmologist, as the side effects can be more than serious.
Accommodation spasm has several signs:
Periodic redness in the eyes, pain, burning. It can also cause eye fatigue due to working with objects at close range. Blurred vision. Impaired focus. Headaches.
What is accommodation of the eye?
Causes of the disease
There are several factors that can lead to this disease:
Side effects from drugs. Long-term interruptions at the computer, mobile phone. It can also be caused by: bad habits, nutrition problems. Problems with blood circulation in the spinal cord. Eye injuries. Skull injuries. Hormonal imbalance.
Drops to relieve spasm of accommodation
Let's note it right away! The drops help relax the cialis muscle, which helps relieve all symptoms.
Now we can highlight next list eye drops, which are often prescribed by ophthalmologists during the treatment of spasm of accommodation:
Mydricil.Mydricil.
Irifrin eye drops help dilate the pupil and reduce intraocular pressure. Lutein. Cyclomed.
Cyclomed eye drops allow you to dilate the pupil of the eye. Atropine. Tropicamide.
By clicking on the name of the drops, you can immediately open detailed instructions for use.
Remember! These drops can only be used after a doctor's prescription. Self-administration in such a situation is prohibited, since there are different stages, difficulties, the body’s tolerance to the components of the drug, and much more.
How long does treatment last?
The average course of treatment is 2-3 weeks. Then spasms of accommodation are eliminated and clarity of vision returns. However, you must understand that you can completely get rid of the pathology only after a certain time; immediately after completing the course you will not be able to notice the result.
Also, during treatment it is extremely important to be under the supervision of a doctor, as the drugs can cause side effects. And in some situations, drops may simply not be suitable or may not give the desired result.
For our online subscribers, we found another video that will help you understand what a spasm of accommodation is. After watching it, you can find out all the subtleties and main features.
And if you still have questions, then write them in the comments and our specialists will be happy to help answer everything so that you have only good vision.
Spasm of accommodation usually occurs with myopia in children with increased visual load at close range. In this case, the eye muscles become overstrained and go into spasm. With this condition, so-called false myopia develops, which can increase the overall degree of myopia.
Symptoms
Subjective manifestations of a spasm of accommodation may include deterioration in the clarity of distance vision, double vision, rapid visual fatigue from working close, a feeling of cutting and burning in the eyes, pain in the eyeballs, temporal and frontal areas. Eye redness and watery eyes are often noted. Often the child makes vague complaints of headache and fatigue; becomes irritable, his school performance decreases, which may be incorrectly regarded as age-related changes in the body. The duration of the spasm of accommodation can vary from several months to several years, often turning into persistent school myopia in children.
Pathological spasm of accommodation is accompanied by both eye symptoms(anisocoria, nystagmus, eyelid tremor), and general manifestations. Patients may experience vegetative-vascular dystonia, emotional lability, decreased mood, hyperhidrosis of the palms, trembling of the fingers, and migraine attacks.
Source krasotaimedicina.ru
Treatment
If a spasm of accommodation is detected, to establish it possible reasons the patient is referred for consultation to a pediatrician or therapist (depending on age), an ENT doctor, a neurologist, and their study or work schedule and daily routine are clarified. If one of the reasons leading to a spasm of accommodation is identified, its elimination is part of the complex treatment. At the same time, the ophthalmologist treats the spasm of accommodation. The basis for the treatment of accommodation spasms (false myopia) includes a complex of health and hygienic measures.
There are no surgical treatments for spasm of accommodation. Very often, ophthalmologists prescribe eye drops that expand the icon (atropine or its analogues) to relieve spasm. These drops have a relaxing effect on the ciliary muscle. Indeed, after a course of drops (usually lasting 7-10 days), the spasm of accommodation completely disappears. This is how it is achieved positive effect improving visual acuity. But how long-lasting is this effect? The observations of ophthalmologists are disappointing: some time after a course of drops, the deterioration in vision acuity progresses even faster. This happens because forced relaxation of a muscle does not train it, but rather weakens it.
Source laserplus.com.ua
Irifrin
Irifrin is a sympathomimetic drug with pronounced alpha-adrenergic activity. This drug in the usual dosage does not have a significant stimulating effect on the central nervous system. When used topically, it leads to dilation of the pupils (they return to their original position after 4-6 hours), constriction of the conjunctival vessels, and helps improve the outflow of intraocular fluid.
Due to the fact that Irifrin penetrates well into the eye tissue, pupil dilation is observed within 10-50 minutes after a single instillation.
After 30-45 minutes after instillation of the drug, particles of pigment from the iris may be present in the fluid of the anterior chambers of the eyes.
The drug is excreted from the body unchanged by the kidneys.
Effective against:
glaucoma-cyclic crises;
spasms of accommodation;
Ineffective against:
infectious, viral and fungal lesions of the eyes.
Source ozrenii.com
Drops
Very often, to relieve spasm of accommodation, ophthalmologists prescribe eye drops that dilate the pupil. They have a relaxing effect on the ciliary muscle (tropicamide, midriacil). Typically, the use of such drops is prescribed in courses of 7-10 days. The spasm of accommodation passes, but may return over time. This happens because forced relaxation of a muscle does not train it, but rather relaxes it.
Source zrenue.com
Removal
To get rid of false myopia, you must first eliminate the causes that caused it, eliminate aggressive factors, change certain habits in the child.
When a spasm of accommodation occurs, certain rules must be followed:
After every 15 minutes of visual work, you should take a 5-minute rest.
Excessive physical effort is excluded: sudden movements, jumping, sports, etc.
Develop the correct “reading reflex” - toys, pictures, book pages should be no closer than 30 cm from the eyes.
You should ensure that children are seated correctly when drawing, modeling, reading, and that the lighting is correct.
You need to train the ciliary muscle and do eye exercises.
Gymnastics for the eyes.
(Visual exercises to relax and train the ciliary muscle).
1. Exercise “Mark on glass”. Apply a mark with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm on the window glass at eye level. Stand at a distance of 30-35 cm from the window glass and look from the mark to any object located outside the window at a distance of at least 5 meters, and back. Repeat the exercise 10 times.
2. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: Sitting, three fingers right hand click on upper eyelid, after 1-2 seconds, remove your fingers from your eyelids. Repeat 3-4 times.
3. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: While sitting, close your eyes tightly for 5 seconds, then open them for 5 seconds. Repeat 6-8 times.
4. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: Move your eyes up and down, left and right with the maximum possible amplitude. The eyes should move slowly, at regular intervals, without straining. Repeat 6-8 times.
5. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: Move your eyes slowly and gently in a circle in one direction, then in the other, 4 circles in each direction. Rest for a few seconds and repeat this exercise 2-3 times.
6. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: While sitting, blink frequently for 1-2 minutes.
7. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: Standing, stretch your arms forward and look at the tip of your index finger. Slowly move your finger closer to your nose, without taking your eyes off it, until the finger begins to double. Repeat the exercise 6-8 times.
8. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: Standing, place the finger of your right hand at face level, at a distance of 25-30 cm from the eyes. Look at the fingertip with both eyes for 5 seconds, cover your left eye with your hand for 5 seconds, remove your palm and look at the finger with both eyes again for 5 seconds. Change hands. Cover your right eye and look with your left eye for 5 seconds. Repeat the exercise 6-8 times.
9. Gymnastics exercise for the eyes: Sitting, close your eyes and massage your eyelids with light circular movements for 1 minute.
Very often, to relieve spasm of accommodation, a course is prescribed medications which dilate the pupil. These drops relax the ciliary muscle and the spasm of accommodation completely disappears after 7-10 days.
Used in the form of drops: cyclomed, 2.5% irifrin solution, etc. (dropped at night, once a day).
But how long lasting the effect will be depends on you. If you do not train the ciliary muscle with exercises and return aggressive factors, then a spasm of accommodation will occur again.
Timely diagnosis and treatment of eye spasm allows you to preserve vision and avoid the development of true myopia. So if you or your child has been diagnosed false myopia– don’t rush to despair. In this article we will find out what a spasm of accommodation is and how to treat it.
Causes
Physiological spasm in the eyes develops in people with hypermetropic astigmatism. In this case, the ciliary muscles located inside the eyeball contract and change the shape of the lens. Thanks to this, refraction (the refractive power of the eye) increases, and a person sees much better. This spasm is a compensatory reaction of the body.
Pathological spasm of accommodation occurs in persons with normal vision. Typically, it develops due to long work at close distances. Mostly schoolchildren and students who spend a lot of time studying textbooks get sick. Spasm of accommodation in adults, especially office workers, usually occurs as a result of prolonged sitting at the computer.
Factors contributing to the development of false myopia:
- excessive visual stress;
- improper organization of the workplace;
- reading while lying down, especially on your side;
- watching TV for a long time, playing with gadgets;
- osteochondrosis cervical region spine;
- poor nutrition, lack of vitamins in the diet.
Spasm of blood vessels in the eye and brain plays a certain role in the development of the disease. Recent clinical researches revealed a relationship between deterioration of blood circulation in the ciliary arteries and the appearance of myopia.
Note that spasm of accommodation is a simplified name for the disease, which does not give a very clear idea of it. In medicine, a spasm is a sharp, short-lived, convulsive contraction of muscles. Therefore, it is much more correct to call the disease habitually excessive stress of accommodation.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of accommodation spasm are a gradual deterioration of vision and the occurrence of asthenopic phenomena.
The latter include:
- rapid visual fatigue;
- discomfort, pain and burning in the eyes;
- frequent headaches;
- redness of the eyes and watery eyes.
Children with accommodation spasms have difficulty seeing into the distance. They have difficulty distinguishing symbols written on the school board, which often leads to poor performance. A sick child becomes nervous, irritable and withdrawn. From the outside, you can notice that he is constantly squinting, looking at distant objects.
People with pathological spasm of the ciliary muscles of the eyes may experience other symptoms:
- anisocoria - different pupil sizes;
- nystagmus - trembling movements of the eyeball;
- tremor of the eyelids.
Many patients have vegetative-vascular dystonia, impaired sweating and emotional lability.
Which doctor treats spasm of accommodation?
In adults and children, spasm of accommodation is treated by an ophthalmologist. Only a specialist can distinguish true myopia from false. Note that the spasm of accommodation responds well conservative therapy. A timely visit to an ophthalmologist often helps to completely restore vision.
Diagnostics
Only an ophthalmologist can confirm the diagnosis of spasm of accommodation after a full examination of the patient.
The diagnostic program includes the following studies:
- determination of visual acuity;
- refraction measurement;
- study of accommodation reserve.
A child who has been diagnosed with a spasm of accommodation may need consultations with other specialists. He may be sent for examination to a pediatrician, pediatric neurologist, orthopedic traumatologist or other doctor. A full examination is necessary to identify the cause of vision problems.
False myopia should be distinguished from spasm of the fundus vessels (angiospasm). This pathology is characterized by spastic contraction small arteries, supplying blood to the retina. The disease can lead to periodic blurred vision, flickering spots before the eyes, and frequent headaches.
Treatment
To treat spasm of accommodation in adults and children, drugs are used visual gymnastics, physiotherapeutic procedures, massage of the cervical-collar area and others therapeutic measures. A complex approach allows you to restore good vision in just a few weeks.
Drops
With spastic contraction of the ciliary body, drugs are used that can relax its muscles. Ophthalmologists call these drugs mydriatics. The drug received this name due to its ability to cause drug-induced mydriasis, that is, dilation of the pupil.
Drops from a spasm of accommodation affect the tone of the ciliary body, thereby changing the curvature and refractive power of the lens. Thanks to this, the lens acquires a physiological shape and begins to function normally. A person’s vision improves, visual tension disappears and other unpleasant symptoms disappear.
- Atropine . It has a long-lasting mydriatic effect, which lasts about a week. Due to the strong dilation of the pupil, a person experiences blurred vision, as a result of which he experiences difficulties in daily life. Of course, Atropine is very effective in relieving spasms of the eye muscles, but due to such a long action it is rarely used.
- Tropicamide . Dilates the pupil and paralyzes the ciliary muscle for 5–6 hours. With the help of these drops, you can relieve the spasm of accommodation in both eyes and avoid the appearance of prolonged blurred vision.
- Cyclomed . Lasts about 7–11 hours. If you instill the medicine in the evening, the effect of its use will completely disappear by the morning. Thanks to this, the next day the person will be able to lead a normal lifestyle.
- Irifrin . In recent years, the alpha-adrenergic agonist Irifrin has been increasingly used for accommodation spasms. The drug has a different mechanism of action, which distinguishes it from the above drugs. In case of severe spasm, Irifrin can be combined with Cyclomed or another M-anticholinergic blocker.
Treatment of accommodation spasm with drops can only be carried out under the supervision of an ophthalmologist. You should not use any medications without first consulting a specialist. Self-medication can lead to complications and undesirable consequences.
Exercises for spasm of accommodation
Want to know how to relieve eye spasms with exercises? It’s very simple – you need to do special gymnastics every day. You should exercise at least two to three times a day, and workouts should last at least 5 minutes. At the same time, you must use drops prescribed by your doctor.
Exercises that are useful for false myopia:
- frequent and rapid blinking;
- turning the eyes in different directions;
- strong squeezing;
- alternate focusing of the gaze on near and distant objects.
Do you need glasses?
If there is a pathological spasm of accommodation, you cannot wear glasses with minus lenses, which are used for myopia. Since a person’s ciliary muscles are already tense, correction with glasses will only worsen their condition. Consequently, the patient will become worse, and the disease will begin to progress at double the speed.
If the spasm of accommodation is caused by uncorrected farsightedness or astigmatism, glasses will only bring benefits. They will help relieve visual tension and eliminate asthenopic phenomena. Moreover, spectacle correction will avoid unwanted complications and make a person’s life significantly easier.
Prevention
For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary to avoid prolonged work at the computer, monitor the proper organization of the workplace, and read only while sitting and not lying down. People with presbyopia (age-related farsightedness) need to use reading glasses. If excessive visual fatigue and discomfort in the eyes occur, you should contact an ophthalmologist.
Useful video about spasm of accommodation
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