SOCIAL HELP
DISEASE
DISABLED PERSON
CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION
CONVICTED
PSYCHOLOGY
PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITERION

The article examines the main aspects of the characteristics of convicted disabled people according to psychological criteria. Some problems of convicted disabled people held in correctional institutions of the penitentiary system are shown.

Medical and psychological support for convicts who are disabled
Characteristics of convicted disabled people according to psychological criteria
Changing the identity of convicted drug addicts of group members
Some aspects of organizing psychoprophylactic work with convicted drug addicts

Medical and psychological support for convicted disabled people in penitentiary institutions modern Russia is actively developing as a special type of activity to provide medical, sanitary, socio-psychological assistance and support to this category of convicts. For this purpose, medical and sanitary units, psychological laboratories, departments of socio-psychological work, groups social protection and accounting length of service convicts.

Convicts with disabilities have a state-guaranteed right to the provision of qualified medical care. social assistance, implementation of various types of restoration and rehabilitation measures medical nature, including through medical and medical-social examination. Legislation provides people with disabilities equal opportunities with other citizens in the implementation of civil, economic, political and other rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitution Russian Federation, and in accordance with generally accepted principles and standards international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation. Measures and forms of support for people with disabilities apply to all categories of citizens, including convicts serving a criminal sentence in the form of imprisonment. At the same time, the special nature of the execution of imprisonment (that is, the organization of a special penal process, including the stage of release and post-penitentiary resocialization) and preparation for release is determined by the sign of disability individual serving a criminal sentence.

Activities to provide convicts with medical and psychological assistance, support, protection for the purpose of their correction and resocialization during the execution of a criminal sentence, as well as adaptation to society after release, are a priority in work in a correctional institution, especially with such a category as convicted disabled people

The Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, adopted in 1955, note that “the legislator should take measures to ensure that prisoners, during and after serving their sentences, retain the maximum rights in the field of social security, social benefits and other civil interests.” Preserving the maximum rights in the field of providing for convicted disabled people, as recommended in fundamental international documents, is an expression of the principles of humanism and social justice in penal law as it relates to social security. Among the most important laws that are important for working in the penal system with convicted disabled people, first of all can be attributed to the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation (1996), which fixes as a task of the criminal executive legislation of the Russian Federation along with others: “providing assistance to those convicted in social adaptation" This rule of law applies to the entire mass of convicts serving criminal sentences, including convicted disabled people.

One cannot ignore such an aspect of social work as medical and sanitary provision for convicts. In accordance with Article 101 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, in the penal system for medical care convicts are organized in treatment and preventive institutions, and the administration of the correctional institution is responsible for fulfilling the requirements to ensure their health protection.

Medical and sanitary provision for those sentenced to imprisonment is one of the integral components of the conditions for serving their sentence. It is organized in accordance with Art. 101 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation and the Federal Law of November 21, 2011 No. 323-FZ “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation.”

The procedure for providing services to convicts medical care, organizing and conducting sanitary supervision, using medical and preventive and sanitary institutions of health authorities and attracting them for these purposes medical personnel established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, regulatory legal acts The Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Justice of Russia and the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia. Medical and sanitary provision for convicted disabled people involves an external examination by a medical worker upon their arrival at a correctional institution in order to identify bodily injuries. Then newly arrived convicted disabled people undergo a comprehensive sanitization and are placed in a quarantine room, where they undergo daily medical examination, and they are subject to medical observation for up to 15 days. If infectious patients are identified during this period, they are immediately isolated in a medical unit or hospital, and a set of anti-epidemic measures is carried out in the institution. Convicts with disabilities in quarantine departments undergo mandatory medical examination, which includes examination by medical specialists, x-ray fluorography and laboratory testing. The examination results are recorded in the medical outpatient card convicted disabled person and are taken into account when distributing them among units and types of work.

During the execution of punishment, medical and sanitary care for convicted disabled people includes: outpatient and hospital treatment, medication provision and sanitary supervision.

Outpatient treatment of convicted disabled people is carried out in the medical units of correctional institutions. Admission of convicted disabled people to them is carried out by appointment and as prescribed by medical staff in accordance with the operating hours of the medical unit. The structure of the medical unit usually includes: a pharmacy, an outpatient clinic, a hospital with a diagnostic laboratory, dental, therapeutic and other offices, an infectious disease isolation ward, etc. Reception of convicted persons with disabilities medical supplies received from relatives is carried out strictly according to medical indications and only under the supervision of medical staff.

Inpatient treatment of convicted disabled people is carried out in treatment-and-prophylactic (interregional and regional hospitals for convicted persons, specialized tuberculosis hospitals) and medical correctional institutions (medical correctional colonies for convicted tuberculosis patients). They have the appropriate equipment, a staff of doctors and the status of a colony with the rights of a medical institution. In cases where the necessary medical care cannot be provided in medical and preventive institutions and medical correctional institutions, as well as in in case of emergency convicted disabled people may be sent, subject to the requirements of security and supervision, to territorial treatment and preventive institutions of health authorities.

In addition, convicted disabled people, at their request, can receive any payment paid for own funds, additional treatment and preventive care provided by health care specialists in the conditions of treatment and preventive institutions and medical correctional institutions. Payment for additional treatment and preventive care is carried out by postal (telegraph) transfer of money from the personal account of a convicted disabled person to medical institution or the medical specialist who provided it.

In correctional institutions, strict compliance with sanitary, hygienic and anti-epidemic standards and requirements is ensured. The administration of correctional institutions is responsible for the implementation of established sanitary, hygienic and anti-epidemic requirements that ensure the protection of the health of convicted disabled people.

The cases of refusal of convicted disabled people to eat food, which endangers their lives, led to the enshrinement in Art. 101 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation provisions on forced feeding of a convicted disabled person for medical reasons.

In all types of correctional institutions, with the exception of a correctional colony special regime for the maintenance of those sentenced to life imprisonment freedom and prisons, where all convicts are kept in cells, convicted disabled people are kept in ordinary residential premises, where they are housed in detachments or teams. Convicts with disabilities of groups I and II are provided with improved living conditions. As a rule, these can be separate premises where convicted disabled people are accommodated.

In correctional institutions there are people with visual impairments, hearing impairments, amputees, general and occupational diseases. They have the opportunity to regularly receive medical care in a correctional institution; they can be placed in an inpatient medical unit of the colony, as well as in a special hospital or medical correctional institution. The maintenance of this category of convicts in places of deprivation of liberty requires the creation certain conditions, proper care for them, as well as material costs.

Disabled people of groups I and II serving a sentence may additionally medical reports receive parcels (transfers), parcels, as well as purchase food and basic necessities using funds available in their personal accounts, in the amount of one established minimum wage, taking into account allowances provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Individual convicts are involved in assisting disabled people in caring for them.

Penal legislation provides for working convicts with disabilities of groups I and II, as well as elderly convicts, certain benefits:

increasing the duration of annual paid leave to 18 working days;
recruitment to work without pay only at their request;
increase in the size of the guaranteed minimum to 50% of the accrued wages, pensions and other income.

Convicts who have lost their ability to work while serving a sentence of imprisonment have the right to compensation for damage in cases and in the manner provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Convicts with disabilities, like all convicts, have the opportunity to communicate with each other and with other convicts, staff, and attend all awareness-raising, social, cultural, and physical culture and sports events held by the administration of the correctional institution. They have the opportunity to visit the library, as well as watch TV shows at the allotted time according to the daily routine.

In every correctional institution, all convicts, including disabled people, have the opportunity to receive basic general education, secondary education, vocational education, and also creates opportunities distance learning in colleges and universities.

Many positive examples from the activities of the penitentiary system can be cited when convicted disabled people themselves take an active part in conducting leisure cultural, mass, physical culture and sports events, as well as in the activities of public amateur groups to assist penitentiary administrations in various directions activities.

Meals for convicts with disabilities of groups I and II are provided free of charge according to the increased standards established by the Government of the Russian Federation (general, dietary) and are organized depending on their mobility in the canteen of a correctional institution or in a designated place in the accommodation premises. Clothing for convicts with disabilities of groups I and II is also provided free of charge. Care for convicted disabled people can be carried out by people specially assigned by the administration of the penitentiary institution for this purpose from among the convicted persons themselves. They help such convicts in all matters related to the need to maintain personal hygiene and public sanitation. Convicted disabled people have the right to state pensions on a general basis. Payment of pensions to them is carried out by social protection authorities at the location of the correctional facility by transferring pensions to the personal accounts of convicted persons.

When preparing for release, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of such categories of convicts as disabled people of groups I and II, the elderly, pregnant women with children, as well as foreign citizens.

So, in accordance with Article 180 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, at the request of convicts who are disabled people of groups I and II, as well as convicted men over 60 years of age who, before their conviction, had no permanent place residence, and convicted women over 55 years of age, the administration of the correctional institution sends requests to social protection authorities to place them in homes for the disabled and the elderly. Persons without children traveling to homes for the disabled or elderly are provided with tickets to the location of the institution.

Thus, it is impossible to separate social work from medical and psychological support when working with convicted disabled people, and all of the above confirms the existence of legal norms in the penal code of the Russian Federation that establish the basis for working with convicted disabled people in the penal system of the Ministry of Justice of Russia, which are reflected in: the Constitution of the Russian Federation; regulations of the Ministry of Justice of Russia regulating issues of social work; regulations of the Federal Penitentiary Service, its main departments and departments; local regulations adopted by the administration of correctional institutions of the penal system on issues of medical, sanitary and socio-psychological support for convicts.

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One of the most socially vulnerable categories in a correctional institution are elderly and disabled convicts. They have a complex set of intractable problems social problems, needs that pose a threat to their equal existence in the correctional institution, which they cannot resolve on their own. These convicts need various types of constant assistance (material, moral-psychological, medical, legal, penitentiary-pedagogical and other), support, and protection.

Social work with them is a priority and mandatory for a specialist; it takes on the nature of support, comprehensive services with the involvement of doctors, psychologists, educators, and representatives of social protection authorities.

Among elderly convicts, there are rarely people in whom aging is a natural physiological process of gradual decline in psychophysiological functions, withering of the body and personality changes, which is called normal old age. Naturally aging convicts are characterized by physical and mental activity, developed compensatory and adaptive mechanisms, and a high ability to labor activity.

Often, convicts who show significant pathological deviations in the aging process associated with various diseases, violation of compensatory and adaptation mechanisms, disharmony of life processes and their manifestations. The restructuring of higher mechanisms that occurs during aging nervous activity forms the basis of age-related changes in human mental activity and behavior. First of all, this concerns such a complex phenomenon as intelligence. In old age, the most important becomes the ability to solve problems related to the use of already accumulated experience and information. IN emotional sphere there is an uncontrollable tendency towards hostility and aggressiveness towards others, and the prediction of the consequences of one’s actions and the actions of others is weakened. Among psychological processes, which are most affected by age-related changes, is the weakening of memory. Age-related changes can significantly change a person’s mental makeup and personality. Among the characteristics considered typical for old age are conservatism, a desire for moral teaching, resentment, egocentrism, withdrawal into memories, self-absorption, which is aggravated by imprisonment.

Elderly convicts are heterogeneous in terms of education level, work experience, health status, marital status, number of criminal records and total time spent in prison. Most of them do not have sufficient work experience or the right to receive an old-age pension. All this causes them uncertainty about their future, as well as a fear of old age and a hostile attitude towards it, which is especially aggravated among the lonely, as well as the sick and physically infirm.

A social work specialist must take into account the general features and characteristics of elderly convicts and carry out an individual approach to them when implementing various technologies and measures of psychological and pedagogical influence, taking into account the general patterns of aging and the individual identity of the elderly person.

Along with elderly convicts, disabled convicts are serving their sentences in correctional institutions. A large number of convicted disabled people are often sick or have chronic diseases, half of them experience difficulties in household services and cannot do without outside help. An impressive part of the considered category of convicts are not only socially maladapted, but also deprived of social connections. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that the main of all social problems at the personal level - disability, for objective reasons is completely impossible to resolve, therefore rehabilitation and educational measures must be supplemented psychological help to change attitudes towards them and search for opportunities for self-compensation and self-realization in the current circumstances.

In penitentiary institutions, to one degree or another, it is difficult to carry out social work with convicted disabled people due to their social limitations, which must be taken into account by the social worker:

1. Physical restriction or isolation of a disabled person. This is due to either physical, sensory, or intellectual and mental disabilities that prevent him from moving independently or orienting himself in space.

2. Labor segregation, or isolation. Due to their pathology, an individual with disabilities has extremely limited access to jobs or no access at all.

3. Low income. These people are forced to exist either on low wages or on benefits that cannot be sufficient to ensure a decent standard of living for the individual.

4. Spatial-environmental barrier. The organization of the living environment itself is not yet friendly towards disabled people.

5. Information barrier. Disabled people have difficulty obtaining information, both general and relevant directly to them.

6. Emotional barrier. Unproductive emotional reactions of others regarding a disabled person. (footnote: Kuznetsov M.I., Ananyev O.G. Social work with convicts in correctional institutions. – Ryazan. 2006. – P. 61-62.)

Convicts who are disabled serve their sentences in correctional institutions of various types and regimes. In most cases, these are persons who, before being convicted and sent to prison, received from state expert medical commissions at your place of residence, assess your ability to work and your health status. But there is also a category of convicts who became disabled in the process of suppressing the criminal offenses they committed and during the execution of criminal punishment. Examination of the latter is carried out during the process of serving the sentence by territorial expert and medical commissions at the location of the correctional institutions.

A medical and social examination of a convicted person is carried out upon his written application addressed to the head of the institution civil service ITU.

The application of the convicted person, the referral to the medical and preventive medical examination of a medical institution of the penal system and other medical documents confirming health problems are sent by the administration of the institution where the convicted person is being held to the territorial institutions of the state medical and medical examination service. To compile individual program rehabilitation of a disabled person, examination of convicts in institutions of the state service MSE is carried out in the presence of a representative of the administration of the correctional institution, where convicts sent for examination are serving their sentences.

If a convicted person is recognized as disabled, an MSE certificate in the established form is sent to the correctional institution and stored in the personal file of the convicted person.

An extract from the certificate of examination of the civil service institution of the ITU of the convicted person recognized as disabled, as well as the results of determining the degree of loss of professional ability, the need for additional types of assistance, is sent within three days from the date of establishment of disability to the body providing pensions at the location of the correctional institution, for assignment, recalculation and organization of pension payment. In the event of release from a correctional institution of a convicted person whose disability has not expired, an ITU certificate is issued to him.

In his work with elderly and disabled prisoners, a social work specialist focuses on their inherent positive qualities (their experience, knowledge, general erudition, etc.) in order to neutralize the negative features of the aging process or chronic disease. This can be achieved by making their life active. That's why Special attention should be devoted to organizing the free time of this category of convicts, which they will need in freedom, especially those who will be sent to homes for the elderly and disabled. To maintain a certain level of intellectual functioning, it is important to involve these convicts in self-education. The preservation of psychophysical functions is achieved through feasible activities and occupational therapy, the development of intellectual interests, and the constant expansion of erudition.

A significant place in working with elderly and disabled convicts in a correctional institution is occupied by the organization and implementation of health-improving and preventive measures with them, including, along with measures of a purely medical nature, also socio-psychological and socio-pedagogical measures.

Sanitary educational work is carried out using various forms and methods: lectures, conversations, consultations, loud reading of literature and radio broadcasting, publication of sanitary bulletins, wall newspapers, memos, the use of slogan posters, slides, filmstrips, photo exhibitions, film demonstrations, etc.

According to Art. 103 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, convicted men over 60 years of age and convicted women over 55 years of age, as well as convicted persons who are disabled people of the first and second groups, can be employed only at their request in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on labor and the legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people . Therefore, when involving this category of convicts in productive work, it is necessary to take into account the physiological capabilities of the aging organism and general state psychophysical functions (memory, perception, thinking, imagination, attention). The penal legislation provides for working convicts with disabilities of the first and second groups, as well as elderly convicts, certain benefits:

increasing the duration of annual paid leave to 18 working days;

recruitment to work without pay only at their request;

increasing the size of the guaranteed minimum to 50% of their accrued wages, pensions and other income.

Particular attention must be paid to the psychological and practical preparation of elderly and disabled convicts for release from correctional institutions.

Activities to prepare convicts for release include several stages:

1. Registration of convicts released at the end of their sentence;

2. The main element of preparing elderly and disabled convicts for release from correctional institutions is documentation. This is to provide convicts released from correctional institutions with all the necessary documents. The main one, without which it is impossible to resolve any issue related to the resocialization of a convicted person, is the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation. Issues of obtaining passports are relevant for all categories of those who have lost it for various reasons;

3. Restoration of socially useful connections of convicts (sending requests to the police department for this purpose, correspondence with relatives, etc.). Of particular importance in this case is the interaction of a social work specialist with the heads of detachments, as well as employees of other departments of the correctional institution;

4. Conducting individual conversations with each person being released, during which life plans for the future are clarified. In addition, the procedure for employment, the rights and responsibilities of citizens during the job search are explained, issues of household arrangements, etc. are clarified;

5. Registration of social cards for each convicted person with mandatory issuance upon release. Both specialists from the administration of the penitentiary institution and other services participate in drawing up a social map. Maps are compiled in order to ensure a complete record of persons released from the institution for submission to the authorities local government, employment institutions, social protection of the population, health care and other institutions and organizations at the place of residence;

6. Payment for the convict’s travel to the destination upon release. If necessary, escort to the train and purchase of travel documents are provided;

7. Development of methodological materials containing information necessary for those released on issues of social services, medical care, paperwork (passport, disability, registration at place of residence), employment, social support. This methodological material allows a person being released from a penal institution to form certain knowledge about social reality.

9. It is also necessary to identify convicts who have the right to receive a pension and take timely measures to provide them with pensions after release. Pension legislation distinguishes two types of disability pensions: labor pensions; state pensions. After the release of a pensioner from places of imprisonment, the pension file is sent to his place of residence or place of stay at the request of the body providing pensions, based on the application of the pensioner, a certificate of release from places of imprisonment and a registration document issued by the registration authorities.

Basic documents that need to be prepared by a social work specialist to assign pensions:

Statement by the convicted person;

Convict's passport;

Certificates confirming the place of stay or actual residence of a citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation;

Insurance certificate of state pension insurance;

Documents on labor activity - work book; certificate of average monthly earnings for periods of activity to calculate the amount of pension benefits;

Documents establishing disability and the degree of limitation of ability to work;

Information about disabled family members, death of the breadwinner; confirming family relations with the deceased breadwinner; that the deceased was a single mother; about the death of the other parent.

A social work specialist draws up Required documents and forwards them to the bodies providing pensions, exercises control over the timely transfer of pensions and takes measures to eliminate deficiencies. If the convicted person does not have work book and other documents necessary for the assignment and recalculation of pensions, requests are sent to search for these documents. If work experience cannot be confirmed or there is no work experience, a state social pension is assigned upon reaching the age of 65 years for men and 55 years of age for women, or a state social disability pension.

Every elderly or disabled convict must clearly understand where he is going after release, what awaits him, what conditions will be created for him and how he should behave in them. Frail persons and disabled people who are unable to independently go to their place of residence after release are accompanied by employees medical service. With persons who do not have family or relatives, it is carried out preparatory work by sending them to homes for the elderly and disabled after their release from the correctional facility. It is important not only to draw up the relevant documents, but also to tell the convicts what these institutions are and what the order of life is like there. It is important to clarify that in institutions of this type, constant control is established over compliance with the order of movement of wards by management, doctors, and the police officer on duty.

An important formal element aimed at the successful resocialization and social adaptation of convicts of retirement age, disabled people and the elderly who are released from a correctional facility is the preparation and issuance of a “Memo to the Released Person.” Its structure may include: advice from a psychologist; rights and obligations of released citizens; information about the release procedure; information about the employment service; about pension provision; about going to court; about the provision of possible medical assistance; useful information (about free canteens, night shelters, social assistance services, dispensaries, helplines, passport services, etc.)

Thus, the provision of social assistance to convicts of retirement age, disabled people and the elderly in correctional institutions is a logically structured system of social activities. At the same time, the practical preparedness of this category for liberation is of great importance. Its effectiveness is essential in resolving issues of social, everyday, labor rehabilitation and their social adaptation to life in freedom.

Questions for self-control

1.Name the main areas of social work with convicts in correctional institutions.

2. Describe the specifics of social work with juvenile convicts.

3. Highlight the main forms of social work with convicted women in correctional institutions.

4.What is the main content of social work with elderly and disabled convicts in correctional institutions?

Kuznetsov M.I., Ananyev O.G. Social work with convicts in correctional institutions: textbook. a manual for beginners in social work of the penitentiary system - Ryazan, 2006.

Regulations “On the social protection group for convicts of a correctional institution of the penal system” dated December 30, 2005 N 262

Social work in the penal system: Textbook/S.A. Luzgin, M.I. Kuznetsov, V.N. Kazantsev and others; Under general edited by Yu.I. Kalinina. - 2nd ed., rev. – Ryazan, 2006.

Social work in penitentiary institutions: Tutorial/ Edited by prof. A.N. Sukhova. – M., 2007. - 300 p.

Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation (1997).

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (1996).

The main tasks of social work in a correctional institution are:

Organization and provision of social protection for all categories of convicts, especially those in need (pensioners, disabled people, those who have lost family ties, transferred from correctional colonies, the elderly, those suffering from alcohol or drug addiction, those without a specific place of residence, patients with incurable or intractable diseases);

Assistance in ensuring acceptable social and living conditions for serving the sentence;

Assistance in the social development of the convicted person, including improving their social culture, developing social needs, changing normative value orientations, increasing the level of social self-control;

Helping convicts find a socially acceptable environment for them, a point of social interest (work, family, religion, art, etc.).

Development and strengthening of socially useful connections between the convicted person and the outside world;

Assisting the convicted person in obtaining assistance from specialists.

The organization of social work with convicted disabled people begins with identifying and recording persons of this category. When studying them, it is necessary, first of all, to establish: their state of health, the presence of work experience and the right to receive a pension after release, family ties, specialties, motivation and goals of life, the most characteristic mental states and behavioral abnormalities.

Disability pensions are issued after the convicted person is recognized as disabled, which is carried out in the manner prescribed by the Regulations on recognizing a person as disabled, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 1996 No. 965, and in accordance with the Classifications and temporary criteria used in the implementation of medical social expertise approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor and social development and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated January 20, 1997 No. 1/30.

A medical and social examination of a convicted person is carried out upon his written application addressed to the head of the public service institution regulating these issues. The application, referral and other medical documents confirming the violation of his health are sent by the administration of the institution where the convicted person is being held to the territorial institutions of the state medical and social examination service. To draw up an individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person, examination of convicts in institutions of the state medical and social examination service is carried out in the presence of a representative of the administration of the correctional institution where convicts sent for examination are serving their sentences.

If a convicted person is recognized as disabled, a MSEC certificate in the established form is sent to the correctional institution and stored in the personal file of the convicted person. An extract from the certificate of examination at the institution of the state medical and social examination service of a convicted person recognized as disabled is sent within three days from the date of establishment of disability to the body providing pensions at the location of the correctional institution, for assignment, recalculation and organization of payment of a pension. And an extract from the examination report on the results of determining the degree of loss of professional ability and the need for additional types of assistance is sent to the correctional institution and stored in the personal file of the convicted person. In case of release from a correctional institution of a convicted person whose disability has not expired, a MSEC certificate is issued to him.

Payment of pensions assigned to those sentenced to imprisonment is made from the date of sentencing, but not earlier than July 1, 1997 and in all cases not earlier than the day from which the pension was assigned.

To organize the payment of pensions to convicts who received a pension before their conviction, the administration of the correctional institution sends to the body providing pensions a list and a certificate for each convict about his stay in the correctional institution. The body providing pensions checks the information specified in the list and, if necessary, requests pension files and other documents required to open payments.

After the release of a disabled person from places of imprisonment, the pension file is sent to his place of residence or place of stay at the request of the body providing pensions, based on the application of the pensioner, a certificate of release from places of imprisonment and a registration document issued by the registration authorities. And after all the necessary documents are collected and completed, he will again receive a pension.

When working with convicted disabled people, a social work specialist relies on their inherent positive qualities (their experience, knowledge, general erudition, etc.) in order to neutralize the negative features of the disease. This can be achieved if we proceed from the basic principle of social work with this category of convicts - to make their lives active. Since people with disabilities pay special attention to their health and try to find ways to maintain it, organizing a series of lectures and conversations on medical and social topics is important. In the correctional institution's club, library, and in detachments, corners or stands can be equipped with special medical and educational literature, clippings from periodicals, health education posters designed for convicted disabled people: “How to maintain health,” “How to cope with serious illness“,” “Society needs your experience and knowledge,” etc.

Health education is an integral and integral part of the activities of the medical service, carried out in close cooperation with educational, cultural and social work. Since an important aspect of the entire work of a correctional institution is that a person who can independently adapt to the conditions after release must return to society. Sanitary educational work is carried out using various forms and methods: lectures, conversations, consultations, loud reading of literature and radio broadcasting, publication of sanitary bulletins, wall newspapers, memos, the use of slogan posters, slides, filmstrips, photo exhibitions, film demonstrations, etc.

When selecting work for convicted disabled people, it should be borne in mind that when choosing a profession, the role of working conditions increases, that disabled people of groups I and II are involved in work only at their request. Effective labor rehabilitation of convicted disabled people is achieved by maintaining a measured work rhythm that does not allow rush jobs, storms, or arrhythmias in production activities.

Organization of social and hygienic measures includes constant monitoring of the health of convicted disabled people, medical care, prevention of psychopathological deviations by engaging convicted disabled people in socially useful activities.

From the point of view of health prevention for this category of convicts, sudden changes in lifestyle are unacceptable in connection with a transition to another type of work activity or release from work due to illness. Such sudden changes cause states of stress that the body cannot always cope with. Involvement, taking into account the state of health, into any types of socially useful activities: assignments to participate in socially useful work without pay, provision of paid work on a part-time basis. Involvement in the work of amateur organizations. Involvement in carrying out one-time assignments. Appointment of responsible persons from among them for any specific area of work on a voluntary basis.

It is effective to create mutual assistance groups by social work specialists and ensure the activities of assigned convicts from the social assistance section to serve convicts with disabilities, who can participate in carrying out activities to ensure proper household, sanitary, hygienic and other necessary affairs for disabled people.

To maintain a certain level of intellectual functioning, it is important to involve disabled convicts in self-education. The preservation of psychophysical functions is achieved through feasible activities and occupational therapy, the development of intellectual interests, and the constant expansion of erudition.

Employees must teach disabled people how to organize their leisure time, which they will need in freedom, especially those who will be sent to homes for the elderly and disabled. The organization of free time and leisure for convicted disabled people should pursue two goals: creation the best conditions to restore physical and mental energy and maximize their free time in activities that contribute to the development of their social interests. For this purpose, convicted disabled people are involved in mass cultural work, participation in amateur performances, design of visual propaganda, work of the editorial board, promotion of books, repair of existing book stock, and self-education. It is also advisable to involve the category in question in physical education and sports (competitions in chess, checkers, arm wrestling, etc.).

Organizing and carrying out preventive measures with them, including, along with purely medical measures, also socio-psychological and socio-pedagogical measures, is also of no small importance for preparing this category of convicts for life in freedom.

Special attention must be paid to the psychological and practical preparation of convicted disabled people for release from correctional institutions.

Preparatory work is being carried out with persons who do not have family or relatives to send them to homes for the elderly and disabled after their release from the correctional facility. It is important not only to properly prepare the relevant documents, but also to tell the convicts what these institutions are and what the order of life is like there. There are special norms and rules of behavior that must be followed. It is important to clarify that in institutions of this type, constant control is established over compliance with the order of movement of wards by management, doctors, and the police officer on duty.

It should be noted that in order to provide disabled people released from correctional institutions with appropriate clothing and footwear, measures are being taken to distribute and ensure the receipt of various types of assistance coming from various non-governmental organizations.

For those who cannot be sent to nursing homes, in the absence of family and relatives, measures must be taken to provide them with a home or establish guardianship after their release from the correctional facility. Disabled persons who are unable to independently go to their place of residence after release must be accompanied by medical staff.

Of great importance in the organization of social work in general, in the correctional institution of the penal system of the Ministry of Justice of Russia for the preparation of convicts for release, is the legal consolidation of this activity. The preparation of convicts for release is legislatively enshrined in Chapter 22 of the Criminal Executive Code, which is entitled “Assistance to convicts released from serving their sentences and control over them,” including convicts with disabilities.

Preparations for the release of persons serving sentences in correctional institutions begin no later than 6 months before the end of the term of imprisonment.

Activities to prepare convicts for release include several stages:

1. Registration of convicts released at the end of their sentence;

2. The main element of preparing convicted disabled people for release from correctional institutions is documentation. This is to provide convicts released from correctional institutions with all the necessary documents. The main document, without which it is impossible to resolve any issue related to the resocialization of a convicted person, is the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation. Issues of obtaining passports are relevant for all categories of those who have lost them for various reasons.

5. Registration of social cards for each convicted person with mandatory issuance upon release. Both specialists from the administration of the penitentiary institution and other services participate in drawing up a social map. Cards are compiled to ensure full accounting of persons released from the institution for submission to local government bodies, employment institutions, social protection of the population, health care and other institutions and organizations at the place of residence;

6. Payment for the convict’s travel to the destination upon release. If necessary, escort to the train and purchase of travel documents are provided;

7. Development of teaching materials containing information necessary for those released on issues of social services, medical care, paperwork (passports, disability, registration at the place of residence), employment, social support. This methodological material allows a person being released from a penal institution to form certain knowledge about social reality.

Basic documents that need to be prepared by a social work specialist to assign pensions:

Statement by the convicted person;

Convict's passport;

Certificates confirming the place of stay or actual residence of a citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation;

Insurance certificate of state pension insurance;

Documents on labor activity - work book; a certificate of average monthly earnings for periods of activity for calculating the amount of pension benefits;

Documents establishing disability and the degree of limitation of ability to work;

Other documents (their submission is possible in necessary cases). A social work specialist draws up the necessary documents and sends them to the pension authorities, monitors the timely transfer of pensions and takes measures to eliminate deficiencies. If the convicted person does not have a work book and other documents necessary for the assignment and recalculation of a pension, requests are sent to search for these documents. If work experience cannot be confirmed or there is no work experience, a state social pension is assigned upon reaching the age of 65 years for men and 55 years of age for women, or a state social disability pension.

An important formal element aimed at the successful resocialization and social adaptation of a convicted disabled person being released from a correctional facility is the preparation and issuance of a “Memo to the Released Person.” Its structure may include: advice from a psychologist; rights and obligations of released citizens; information about the release procedure; information about the employment service; about pension provision; about going to court; about the provision of possible medical assistance; useful information (about free canteens, night shelters, social assistance services, dispensaries, helplines, passport services, etc.)

Thus, social work with convicted disabled people in correctional institutions is a logically structured system of social activities. At the same time, the practical preparedness of disabled people for release is of great importance. Its effectiveness is essential in resolving issues of social, everyday, labor rehabilitation and their social adaptation to life in freedom.

Questions for self-control

What are the main problems of convicted disabled people in correctional institutions?

Expand the legal norms of social work with convicted disabled people in the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Describe the main directions and forms of social work with convicted disabled people in correctional institutions.

Kuznetsov M. I., Ananyev O. G. Social work with convicts in correctional institutions: textbook. a manual for beginners in social work of the penitentiary system - Ryazan, 2006.

Luzgin S.A. Centers for psychological, pedagogical and social work with convicts as a domestic model for organizing their correction and resocialization in correctional colonies: Textbook. – Ryazan, 2004.

On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation: Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ.

On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people: Federal Law of August 2, 1995 No. 122-FZ.

On the basics of social services for the population in the Russian Federation: Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. 195-FZ.

Social work in penitentiary institutions: Textbook / ed. AND I. Grishko, M.I. Kuznetsova, V.N. Kazantseva. – M., 2008.

Social work in the penal system: Textbook/S.A. Luzgin, M.I. Kuznetsov, V.N. Kazantsev and others; Under general edited by Yu.I. Kalinina. - 2nd ed., rev. – Ryazan, 2006.

Social work with convicts: Textbook / ed. IN AND. Zhukova, M.A. Galaguzova. – M., 2002.

Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation (1997).

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (1996).

Chapter 12. Features of the activities of public associations of disabled people

12.1 Concept and types of public associations of disabled people

The current stage of development of Russian society is characterized by increased activity of citizens within the framework of voluntary associations in order to defend their social, political, professional and other interests. In this regard, public associations of disabled people acquire special significance.

In their work, they are directly guided by the vital interests, values and priorities of the people within them and, thanks to this, act as the most suitable representatives of this category of citizens in relations with other institutions of society.

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993, “everyone has the right to association; freedom of activity of public associations is guaranteed; no one can be forced to join or remain in any association” (Article 30).

These constitutional provisions are specified in many federal laws. According to Article 5 of the Federal Law “On Public Associations” of 1995 No. 82, a public association is a voluntary, self-governing, non-profit formation created on the initiative of citizens united on the basis of common interests to realize common goals specified in the charter.

According to Article 7 of this law, public associations can be created in one of the following organizational and legal forms: public organization; social movement; public fund; public institution; public initiative body; Political Party.

A public organization is a membership-based public association created on the basis joint activities to protect common interests and achieve the statutory goals of the united citizens (Article 8).

A social movement is a mass public association consisting of participants and not having membership, pursuing social, political and other social causes. useful purposes, supported by participants in the social movement (Article 9).

A public fund is one of the types of non-profit foundations; it is a non-membership public association, the purpose of which is to form property on the basis of voluntary contributions, other receipts not prohibited by law and to use this property for socially useful purposes (Article 10).

A public institution is a non-membership public association whose goal is to provide a specific type of service that meets the interests of the participants and corresponds to the statutory goals of the said association (Article 11).

A public initiative body is a non-membership public association, the purpose of which is to jointly solve various social problems that arise among citizens at their place of residence, work or study, aimed at meeting the needs of an unlimited number of people whose interests are related to the achievement of the statutory goals and implementation of the body’s programs public initiative at the place of its creation (Article 12).

A political public association is a public association, the charter of which should include participation in political life society through influence on the formation of the political will of citizens, participation in elections to state authorities and local governments through the nomination of candidates and the organization of their election campaign, participation in the organization and activities of these bodies (Article 12.1).

According to Article 33 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” of 1995, public associations created and operating to protect the rights and legitimate interests of disabled people, providing them with equal opportunities with other citizens, are a form of social protection of disabled people. The state provides such public associations with assistance and assistance, including material, technical and financial.

Based on the interpretation of the norms contained in the laws, public organizations of disabled people are one of the organizational and legal forms of public associations. These are recognized as organizations created by people with disabilities and persons representing their interests, in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of people with disabilities, provide them with equal opportunities with other citizens, solve problems of social integration of people with disabilities, among whose members are people with disabilities and their legal representatives (one of the parents, adoptive parents , guardian or trustee) constitute at least 80 percent (Article 33 of the Federal Law “On Public Associations”, 1995).

The main goal of state support for public associations of people with disabilities is the creation and provision of legal, economic and organizational conditions, guarantees and incentives for the activities of such associations aimed at the rehabilitation and self-realization of people with disabilities, their integration into society, providing them with equal opportunities with other citizens in the implementation of constitutional rights and freedoms, as well as protection of their legitimate interests.

Based on the meaning, goals and main directions of policy regarding persons with disabilities governmental support public associations of disabled people are carried out on the basis of the principles:

The priority of common humanistic values in the activities of public associations of disabled people;

Recognition of the independence of public associations of people with disabilities and their inalienable right and role in the development and implementation of state policy regarding people with disabilities, in the protection of their constitutional rights and legitimate interests;

Document

Articles in two parts Underby the editorsthe doctors philological sciences, professors A. E. Eremeeva Part... the company holds disabled people in the state, and work perform... and organization socially-cultural activities ( pedagogicalSciences). Abstract of the dissertation...

One of the most socially vulnerable categories in a correctional institution (PI) are elderly and disabled convicts. They have a complex set of intractable social problems and needs that pose a threat to their equal existence in the correctional institution, which they cannot resolve on their own. These convicts need various types of constant assistance (material, moral-psychological, medical, legal, penitentiary-pedagogical and other), support, and protection.

Often, convicts who show significant pathological deviations in the aging process associated with various diseases, violations of compensatory and adaptive mechanisms, disharmony of life processes and their manifestations are serving their sentences in a correctional institution. The restructuring of the mechanisms of higher nervous activity that occurs during aging forms the basis of age-related changes in human mental activity and behavior. First of all, this concerns such a complex phenomenon as intelligence. In old age, the most important becomes the ability to solve problems related to the use of already accumulated experience and information. In the emotional sphere, there is an uncontrollable tendency towards hostility and aggressiveness towards others, and the prediction of the consequences of one’s actions and the actions of others is weakened. Among the psychological processes that are most affected by age-related changes is the weakening of memory. Age-related changes can significantly change a person’s mental makeup and personality. Among the characteristics considered typical for old age are conservatism, a desire for moral teaching, touchiness, egocentrism, withdrawal into memories, self-absorption, which in the case we are considering is aggravated by imprisonment.

Along with elderly convicts, disabled convicts are serving their sentences in correctional institutions. A large number of convicted disabled people are often sick or have chronic diseases, half of them experience difficulties with everyday services and cannot do without outside help. An impressive part of the considered category of convicts is not only socially maladapted, but also deprived of social connections. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that the main of all social problems at the personal level - disability for objective reasons - cannot be resolved completely, therefore, rehabilitation and educational measures should be supplemented with psychological assistance in changing attitudes towards the state of one’s health and searching for opportunities for self-compensation and self-realization in the current circumstances .

In penitentiary institutions, conducting social work with convicted disabled people is to one degree or another hampered by their social limitations, which must be taken into account by the social worker:

? physical limitation, or isolation of a disabled person. This is due to either physical, sensory, or intellectual and mental disabilities that interfere with independent movement or orientation in space;
? labor segregation, or isolation. Due to his pathology, an individual with disabilities has extremely narrow access to jobs or no access at all;
? poverty. These people are forced to exist either on low wages or on benefits that cannot be sufficient to ensure a decent standard of living for the individual;
? spatial-environmental barrier. The organization of the living environment itself is not friendly towards the disabled person;
? information barrier. Disabled people have difficulty obtaining information, both general and relevant directly to them;
? emotional barrier. Unproductive emotional reactions of others regarding a disabled person.

Convicts who are disabled serve their sentences in correctional institutions of various types and regimes. In most cases, these are persons who, before being convicted and sent to prison, received an assessment of their ability to work and health status from state expert medical commissions at their place of residence. But there is also a category of convicts who became disabled in the process of suppressing the criminal offenses they committed and during the execution of criminal punishment. Examination of the latter is carried out during the process of serving the sentence by territorial expert and medical commissions at the location of the correctional institutions.

A medical and social examination of a convicted person is carried out upon his written application addressed to the head of the MSE public service institution.

The application of the convicted person, the referral to the medical and preventive medical examination of a medical institution of the penal system and other medical documents confirming health problems are sent by the administration of the institution where the convicted person is being held to the territorial institutions of the state medical and medical examination service. To draw up an individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person, examination of convicts in institutions of the state service MSE is carried out in the presence of a representative of the administration of the correctional facility where convicts sent for examination are serving their sentences.

If a convicted person is recognized as disabled, an MSE certificate in the established form is sent to the correctional facility and stored in the personal file of the convicted person.

An extract from the certificate of examination of the civil service institution of the ITU of a convicted person recognized as disabled, as well as the results of determining the degree of loss of professional ability to work, the need for additional types of assistance, is sent within three days from the date of establishment of disability to the body providing pensions at the location of the correctional institution, for appointment , recalculation and organization of pension payment. In the event of release from a correctional institution of a convicted person whose disability has not expired, an ITU certificate is issued to him.

In his work with elderly and disabled prisoners, a social work specialist focuses on their inherent positive qualities (their experience, knowledge, general erudition, etc.) in order to neutralize the negative features of the aging process or chronic disease. This can be achieved by making their life active. Therefore, special attention should be paid to organizing the free time of this category of convicts (they will need this skill in freedom, especially those who will be sent to homes for the elderly and disabled). To maintain intelligence at a certain level, it is important to involve these convicts in self-education. The preservation of psychophysical functions is achieved through feasible activities and occupational therapy, the development of intellectual interests, and the constant expansion of erudition.

Sanitary educational work is carried out using various forms and methods: lectures, conversations, consultations, loud reading of literature and radio broadcasting, publication of sanitary bulletins, wall newspapers, memos, the use of posters, slogans, slides, filmstrips, photo exhibitions, film demonstrations, etc.

According to Art. 103 of the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation, convicted men over 60 years of age and convicted women over 55 years of age, as well as convicted persons who are disabled people of groups I and II, can be employed only at their request in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on labor and social protection of disabled people. Therefore, when involving this category of convicts in productive work, it is necessary to take into account the physiological capabilities of the aging organism and the general state of psychophysical functions (memory, perception, thinking, imagination, attention). The penal legislation provides for working convicts - disabled people of groups I and II, as well as elderly convicts: certain benefits:

? increasing the duration of annual paid leave to 18 working days;
? recruitment to work without pay only at their request;
? increasing the size of the guaranteed minimum to 50% of their accrued wages, pensions and other income.

Particular attention must be paid to the psychological and practical preparation of elderly and disabled convicts for release from correctional institutions.

Preparation of convicts for release includes several stages:

? accounting of convicts released at the end of their sentence;
? The main element of preparing elderly and disabled convicts for release from correctional institutions is documentation. This is to provide convicts released from correctional institutions with all the necessary documents. The main one, without which it is impossible to resolve any issue related to the resocialization of a convicted person, is the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation. Issues of obtaining passports are relevant for all categories of those who have lost it for various reasons;
? restoration of socially useful connections of convicts (sending requests to the police department for this purpose, correspondence with relatives, etc.). Of particular importance in this case is the interaction of a social work specialist with the heads of detachments, as well as employees of other departments of the correctional institution;
? conducting individual conversations with each person being released, during which life plans for the future are clarified. In addition, the procedure for employment, the rights and responsibilities of citizens during the job search are explained, issues of household arrangements, etc. are clarified;
? registration of social cards for each convicted person with mandatory handing over upon release. Specialists from both the administration of the institution executing the punishment and other services participate in drawing up a social map. Cards are compiled to ensure full accounting of persons released from the institution for submission to local government bodies, employment institutions, social protection of the population, health care and other institutions and organizations at the place of residence;
? payment for the convict's travel to the destination upon release. If necessary, escort to the train and purchase of travel documents are provided;
? development of methodological materials containing information necessary for those released on issues of social services, medical care, paperwork (passports, disability, registration at the place of residence), employment, social support. This methodological material allows a person being released from a penal institution to develop certain knowledge about social reality;

It is also necessary to identify convicts who have the right to receive a pension and take timely measures to provide them with pensions after their release. Pension legislation distinguishes two types of disability pensions: labor pensions and state pensions. After the release of a pensioner from places of imprisonment, the pension file is sent to his place of residence or place of stay at the request of the body providing pensions, based on the application of the pensioner, a certificate of release from places of imprisonment and a registration document issued by the registration authorities.

Basic documents that need to be prepared by a social work specialist to assign pensions:

? statement of the convicted person;
? passport of the convicted person;
? certificates confirming the place of stay or actual residence of a citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation;
? insurance certificate of state pension insurance;
? documents on labor activity - work book; a certificate of average monthly earnings for periods of activity for calculating the amount of pension benefits;
? documents establishing disability and the degree of limitation of ability to work;
? information about disabled family members, death of the breadwinner; confirming family relations with the deceased breadwinner, that the deceased was a single mother; about the death of the other parent.

A social work specialist draws up the necessary documents and sends them to the pension authorities, monitors the timely transfer of pensions and takes measures to eliminate deficiencies. If the convicted person does not have a work book and other documents necessary for the assignment and recalculation of a pension, requests are sent to search for these documents. If work experience cannot be confirmed or there is no work experience, a state social pension is assigned upon reaching the age of 65 years for men and 55 years of age for women, or a state social disability pension.

Every elderly or disabled convict must clearly understand where he is going after release, what awaits him, what conditions will be created for him and how he should behave in them. Frail and disabled persons who are unable to independently go to their place of residence after release are accompanied by medical staff. Preparatory work is being carried out with persons who do not have family or relatives to send them to homes for the elderly and disabled after their release from the correctional facility. It is important not only to draw up the relevant documents, but also to tell the convicts what these institutions are and what the order of life is like there. It is important to clarify that in institutions of this type there is constant monitoring of compliance with the order of movement of wards by management, doctors, and the police officer on duty.

An important formal element aimed at the successful resocialization and social adaptation of convicts of retirement age, disabled people and the elderly who are being released from a correctional facility is the preparation and issuance of a “Remote Person’s Memo.” It includes: advice from a psychologist; rights and obligations of released citizens; information about the release procedure, the employment service, pensions, and going to court; about the provision of possible medical assistance; useful information (about free canteens, night shelters, social assistance services, dispensaries, “helplines”, passport services, etc.).

Thus, the provision of social assistance to convicts of retirement age, disabled people and the elderly in correctional institutions is a logically structured system of social activities. At the same time, the practical preparedness of this category of those who have served their sentences for release is of great importance. Its effectiveness is essential in resolving issues of social, everyday, labor rehabilitation and their social adaptation to life in freedom.

Control questions

1. What main areas of social work with convicts in correctional institutions can you name?

2. What are the specifics of social work with juvenile convicts?
3. What are the main forms of social work with convicted women in correctional institutions?
4. What are the features of social work with elderly and disabled convicts in correctional institutions?

Literature

Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation.

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

Order of the Ministry of Justice of Russia dated December 30, 2005 No. 262 “On approval of the Regulations on the social protection group for convicts of a correctional institution of the penal system.”

Kuznetsov M.I., Ananyev O.G. Social work with convicts in penitentiary institutions: textbook, manual for beginners in social work of penitentiary institutions. Ryazan, 2006.

Social work in the penal system: textbook, manual / S.A. Luzgin [et al.J; under general ed. Yu.I. Kalinina. 2nd ed., rev. Ryazan, 2006.

Social work in penitentiary institutions: textbook, manual / ed. prof. A.N. Sukhova. M., 2007.

Kuznetsov M.I., Ananyev O.G. Social work with prisoners in correctional institutions. Ryazan, 2006.P. 61-62.

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Medical and psychological support for convicts who are disabled

Psychological Sciences

Kovachev Oleg Vladimirovich, Candidate of Sciences, Associate Professor Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia

In 2014, more than 20 thousand disabled people were kept in correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, including about 10 thousand disabled people of group 1.

One of the main goals of the “Concept for the development of the penal system of the Russian Federation until 2020” is “to humanize the conditions of detention of persons in custody and persons serving sentences of imprisonment, to increase guarantees of respect for their rights and legitimate interests.” Therefore, in correctional institutions of the Russian Federation it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to respecting the legal rights of convicted disabled people.

We are working to improve the forms and methods of medical and psychological work with convicted disabled people.

The purpose of this work is to equip employees of the penitentiary system with knowledge on the most important issues of medical and psychological support for convicts who are disabled.

It examines the directions and forms of medication, psychocorrectional and psychotherapeutic assistance and support for people with disabilities, and the features of serving this category of convicts.

The article discusses some aspects of medical and psychological support for convicted disabled people. Studied social connections convicts.

Relevance: theoretical research and practical experience convince us that the positive attitude formed in correctional institutions under the influence of modern pedagogical, psychological, psychotherapeutic and other technologies and the ongoing personal changes rarely pass the test of strength when faced with the deforming influence of unfavorable factors. Employee assistance in solving this problem is unsystematic, episodic, and often unprofessional. All this largely determines relapse and other negative social manifestations of a post-penitentiary nature.

It is known that a person who has fallen into the sphere of influence of a correctional institution, temporarily isolated from society and limited in connections, significantly worsens his medical, social and psychological status, without having a real opportunity to independently defend his interests and dignity, to satisfy minimal needs at all stages of isolation from society, starting from pre-trial detention (detention) to last day stay in a correctional institution.

An analysis of the social connections of convicted disabled people with relatives showed that 56.4% of convicts maintain social connections with relatives in general-regime correctional institutions, and only 42.3% of convicted disabled people in high-security correctional institutions. convicted disabled person psychological support

Receiving parcels and deliveries. 19.3% of convicted disabled people in general-regime correctional institutions receive parcels and deliveries more than once, which is almost 8% less than in high-security correctional institutions. 19.5% of convicts in general-regime correctional institutions and 17.6% in high-security correctional institutions do not receive parcels or deliveries at all.

The right to visits with relatives and other persons. During the year, 53.1% of convicted disabled people were in general regime correctional institutions and 57.1% in correctional institutions strict regime did not have short-term dates. 15.2% of convicted disabled people in general-regime correctional institutions and 21.2% in high-security correctional institutions had only one short-term visit. Most of convicts in correctional institutions of both types of detention did not have long-term visits, namely 63.2% of convicts with disabilities in general-regime correctional institutions and 54.5% of convicts in high-security correctional institutions. The right to telephone conversations. During the year, 18.7% of convicts in general-regime correctional institutions and 22.5% of convicts in high-security correctional institutions exercised the right to telephone conversations more than 4 times. Most of the convicted disabled people did not express a desire to call. In general regime correctional institutions there were 54.5% of such convicts and in maximum security correctional institutions 45.6%.

The right to receive and send letters. In general regime correctional institutions, 63.9% of convicts with disabilities regularly correspond, 24.2% occasionally correspond, and 11.9% of convicts do not correspond. In high-security correctional institutions, 56.1% of convicts regularly correspond, 20.4% occasionally correspond, and 23.5% of convicts with disabilities do not correspond.

We believe that medical and psychological support for convicted disabled people must be provided in all types of institutions and bodies of the penal system. The mechanisms for implementing this task and the experience of constructing such a system are actually the subject of further research.

This work is an attempt to systematically present a new direction in the practical activities of correctional institutions, as well as the still developing branch of penitentiary science and the specialization of a new academic discipline.

In previously published works, only some theoretical and practical problems medical and psychological work with convicts. Meanwhile, its significance is increasing and requires deep, systematic study.

It can be noted that convicted disabled people need various types of constant assistance, support and protection. Medical and social work with them is a priority and mandatory for a specialist; it takes on the nature of support, comprehensive services with the involvement medical workers, psychologists, social workers, educational service workers, representatives of social protection bodies and non-governmental public organizations.

Proposed forms and methods of research implementation. The results of the study will be used by practitioners in the performance of their official duties. It is also intended to use the results scientific research in the system of professional and service training personnel and in educational process Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.

Bibliography

1. Current problems of modern penitentiary psychology. Tobolevich O.A., Sochivko D.V., Pastushenya A.N., Sukhov A.N., Serov V.I., Datiy A.V., Shcherbakov G.V., Pozdnyakov V.M., Lavrentieva I. .V., Shchelkushkina E.A., Savelyeva T.I., Gavrina E.E., Smirnov A.M., Dikopoltsev D.E., Adylin D.M., Kuptsov I.I., Pivovarova T.I. . Monograph / Scientifically edited by D.V. Sochivko. Ryazan, 2013. Volume 1.

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Medical and psychological support for convicts who are disabled. Legal norms of social work with convicted disabled people in the penal legislation of the Russian Federation Section II. Social protection training

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