What does a pimple look like inside? Acne fulminans What acne looks like when

Internal acne, which occurs mainly in adolescents and women, causes not only psychological but also physical discomfort - as a rule, the rashes are painful.

Why does a pimple appear and what does the inside look like?

What methods exist to combat skin defects?

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What to do for prevention?

What is this

Internal acne (aka boils) are abscesses that ripen under the skin.

Inflammatory elements are very painful, do not look aesthetically pleasing, and are difficult to treat.

Furunculosis (this is the medical term for the disease) affects mainly people with problematic skin prone to inflammation and irritation.

Characteristic features of such acne:

redness of the skin at the site of inflammation;
location in the deep layers of the skin;
long ripening time (up to several weeks).

Why do they appear?

The appearance of internal acne is associated with disruption of the sebaceous glands.

Happens:

blockage of excretory ducts with sebum;
inflammation caused by blockage;
worsening inflammatory processes caused by bacterial pathogenic flora;
the appearance of a large nodular or bump-like formation on the skin.

Boils on the body can signal problems within the body and are often formed against the background of:

endocrine diseases, including pathologies of the thyroid gland (as a rule, acne appears on the chin);
diseases of the digestive tract;
chronic fatigue, nervous disorders, stress;
disorders and hormonal changes;
metabolic disorders;
vitamin deficiency;
poor nutrition;
bad habits;
hypothermia;
poor hygiene;
improper skin care.

In any case, only specialists - a dermatologist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist - can accurately determine the causes of furunculosis. If there is a constant, systematic formation of abscesses, you should consult a doctor.

Who is at risk

Internal acne mainly affects:

teenagers (mostly young men);
girls who use lanolin-based cosmetics (such products mask acne well, but clog pores even more, causing the appearance of other cosmetic defects);
people with a hereditary predisposition;
patients undergoing long-term course treatment with hormonal drugs or products containing lithium salts;
men and women whose professional activities take place in conditions of severe air pollution or are associated with oil, lubricating oils and other harmful chemical compounds.

Photo

What are there

Acne can be divided into several types:

non-inflamed– clogged ducts of hair follicles (no more than 1–2 mm in size);

white dots (excretory ducts are narrowed and filled with sebum);
nodules with a black core (the pores are clogged with horny masses);

inflamed– characterized by redness and larger sizes (from 2–3 mm to 1 cm);

cavityless;
with water or pus.

Locations

Internal acne can appear in a variety of places, most often affecting:

forehead (especially the area above the eyebrows);
chin;
skin above the upper lip;
area under the breasts or under the arms.

In rare cases, a boil ripens inside the mouth, in intimate places (for example, on a woman’s labia majora or in the pubic area).

On the eyelid

The most unpleasant are pimples in the eye.

Even a small inflammatory process on the eyelids or nearby causes severe pain. And due to the increased sensitivity of the skin and difficult access, treatment becomes more complicated.

The reasons for the appearance of an internal pimple under the upper eyelid are the same as in other cases.

When a boil appears, you must wait for natural healing, but if the pain is severe, it is better to consult a doctor.

Often, a pimple inside the eye is confused with a stye - a bacterial inflammation of the hair follicle of the eyelash, accompanied by redness, soreness and swelling of the eyelid.

In both cases it is necessary:

rinse the eye;
instill eye drops with an antibiotic (course of treatment - 5 days) or use eye ointments (tetracycline eye ointment).

On the ear

Photo: localization behind the ear

Very rarely, a pimple can form in the earlobe, inside or behind the ear.

As a rule, boils in these places take a very long time to mature.

If the abscess does not cause discomfort or severe pain, then you can wait until the pimple goes away on its own.

Otherwise, the best treatment option will be to consult a specialist.

Signs of furunculosis

There are several stages of boil development, each of which is characterized by its own symptoms.

Itching occurs in a limited area of the skin and lasts for a couple of days. This is a harbinger of inflammation.

At the initial stage of development, a hard red bump appears on the skin, painful when touched. Over 2–3 days, the tubercle increases in size, swelling appears around the source of inflammation, and the pain becomes more intense.
On days 4–5 after the onset of the disease, a white area appears in the center of the tubercle - an abscess, which opens up on its own after a few more days.

Furunculosis refers to the simultaneous appearance of several boils at different stages of development.

The disease may be accompanied by:

temperature rise to 39 °C and above;
severe weakness;
headaches.

Video: “Why you shouldn’t squeeze pimples”

Treatment

touch the skin only with clean hands;
treat the inflammatory element with an antiseptic solution (alcohol, chlorhexidine, peroxide);
wait for the pimple to naturally resolve or use special medications to speed up the release of pus.

In the medical treatment of furunculosis, external medications are used.

Ichthyol and Vishnevsky ointment, Levomekol are characterized by good effectiveness.

Photo: treatment of acne with ichthyol ointment

Ointments are applied to the inflammatory element in the form of a compress or applied until completely absorbed.

The active components of the drugs have an anti-inflammatory effect, resolve the abscess and promote the release of pus to the outside.

Modern technologies

In the arsenal of cosmetology there are several modern procedures that help fight acne.

Moreover, correctly selected techniques not only cleanse the skin of cosmetic defects, but also eliminate the causes of inflammatory processes in the skin.

Mechanical cleaning. The procedure is not the most modern and popular, but affordable. It should only be carried out by cosmetologists, provided that the pimple is fully mature and ready for removal, otherwise there is a high risk of scar formation.

Ozone therapy. Exposure of the skin to ozone (a triatomic oxygen molecule) suppresses pathogenic flora, eliminates swelling, redness and inflammation, and pain. Activates collagen synthesis, improving skin condition and preventing the formation of scars, cicatrices, and age spots remaining after acne. 3-6 hours after the procedure, the boil ripens, and everything inside the pimple comes out.
ELOS technology. Exposure of the inflamed element to blue light pulses accelerates cellular regeneration, narrows pores, preventing blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands, and eliminates redness. The procedure improves the overall condition of the skin and gets rid of not only boils, but also the marks left behind by internal acne.

How to get rid of it using folk remedies

If single rashes appear on your face, you can cope with the problem without the help of professionals.

At home, you can help get rid of a boil:

compresses with saline solution or acetylsalicylic acid (directly on the boil);
cauterization with iodine (a pimple on the lower lip inside the mouth cannot be removed this way, otherwise you can burn the mucous membrane or cause the infection to spread to the entire oral cavity);

Photo: an effective method is cauterization of rashes with iodine

rubbing the skin with self-prepared lotions;
anti-inflammatory masks;
lotions with herbal decoctions and infusions;
baths with sea salt (for boils on the body).

Recipes

Saline solution. Dissolve a pinch of salt in 2 tablespoons of water. Soak a piece of cotton pad, cut to the size of the boil, in a concentrated solution. Apply to the pimple, secure with a band-aid, and leave overnight.
Compress with acetylsalicylic acid. Aspirin has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and is used topically for boils. You need to grind the tablets into powder, add boiled water at room temperature to get a paste-like mass. Apply the finished mixture to the inflammatory areas, rinse off after 10–15 minutes (if you are allergic to aspirin, do not apply compresses!).
Herbal lotion. Mix equal amounts of chamomile, celandine, mint, string, calendula and nettle (herbs can be bought at any pharmacy). Pour a tablespoon of the mixture into a glass of boiling water, leave, strain. Use the resulting liquid for washing.
Lemon lotion. Wipe the skin with the juice of ½ lemon, diluted with a glass of water, twice a day.
Potato mask. Mix grated potatoes (medium-sized tubers) with pre-whipped egg whites. Add a teaspoon of oatmeal and salt on the tip of a knife. After leaving the mask on your face for 20 minutes, rinse with water at room temperature.

Photo: using a mask with white clay

White clay mask. Combine 3 teaspoons of clay with a teaspoon of lemon juice and 2 tablespoons of calendula tincture. Keep on face for 15 minutes.
Lotions with St. John's wort decoction. Pour a tablespoon of dry herb into a glass of boiling water, boil for 10 minutes in a water bath, cool and strain. Use as a lotion to accelerate the maturation of an abscess.
Decoction of birch buds. Pour boiling water over the raw materials (a glass per tablespoon), boil for 15 minutes in a water bath, cool and strain. Can be used for lotions, compresses, washes.

Consequences

Uninflamed white or black pimples go away on their own and are not dangerous to health - they do not leave marks (scars, age spots) and do not provoke other diseases.

This cannot be said about inflamed elements with a ball of pus.

Photo: a boil on the face is dangerous due to serious complications

Boils located on the face are especially dangerous. The entry of purulent contents into the brain can cause meningitis, encephalitis and other complications.
With severe inflammation, several purulent elements may appear nearby, which, merging, form a carbuncle. The process is accompanied by severe pain and swelling, high fever.
Infection in the blood leads to sepsis - blood poisoning.

Prevention

The basis for the prevention of furunculosis is the elimination of the causes that cause acne.

Photo: following the rules of personal hygiene is the basis for preventing the formation of inflammatory elements on the skin

rejection of bad habits;
correction of the nutritious diet (excluding spicy, sweet, smoked and fatty foods from the menu will lead to normalization of sebum production);
walks in the fresh air (improves oxygen supply to skin cells);
strengthening the immune system (acne often appears due to its weakening);
treatment of chronic diseases;
limiting physical and emotional stress;
maintaining hygiene and proper skin care.

Questions and answers

What's inside a pimple

The composition of a pimple is determined by its type.

A non-inflamed element may contain sebum or keratinized particles.
An inflamed boil contains water or pus (a mixture of serous fluid, dead bacteria and their metabolic products, and immune system cells).

Is it possible to squeeze out

the appearance of scars and scars, which are much more difficult to get rid of;
worsening inflammation and enlargement of pimples;
further spread of infection through the skin, formation of other acne;
exacerbation of furunculosis, development of multiple boils, penetration of infection into the body.

This is especially true for hidden, immature pimples - reddish, painful spots on the skin. It is better to make up them with a concealer and wait until the inflammation goes away on its own.

Photo: Before squeezing a pimple, you need to make sure it is ripe

But if a pimple has popped up and you don’t want to leave it, then when squeezing it you should follow certain recommendations and precautions:

wash your hands thoroughly;
if the pimple is on the face, wash with warm water (the skin will soften and the pores will open, which will facilitate the squeezing process);
sterilize the needle with alcohol or over a flame;
Use the tip of a sterile needle to pierce the top of the pimple (do not insert the needle too deeply);
remove the contents of the pimple with a sterile napkin, gently pressing the skin around it (do not press with your nails!);
complete the procedure as soon as clear liquid with blood appears from the wound;
treat the area with an antiseptic.

You can try to get rid of pimples at home. But it would be wiser to consult a dermatologist.

After all, a pimple is not just a cosmetic defect. This is an external manifestation of certain problems within the body.

The result is clean, healthy skin without unsightly consequences in the form of scars and without dangerous complications.

Video: “How to get rid of acne”

Types of acne

There are several types of acne (or acne vulgaris).

Acne in children.
Acne of adolescence.
Adult acne.
Provoked acne.

Let's look at each form of the disease separately.

Acne in children

Acne also occurs in newborns. This is a physiological condition (not associated with any disease) that occurs due to the fact that after birth the supply of hormones to the child from the mother through the umbilical cord stops. Temporary imbalance of the endocrine system disappears after a couple of weeks and small, pearl-like rashes disappear without a trace. Acne on the face of a newborn can be seen in the photo.

Acne in babies occurs at 3-6 months; they are a sign of an endocrine disease and require detailed examination and treatment. Often the disease can result in cicatricial atrophy of the skin. A microscopic picture of acne on the face with this disease can be seen in the photo.

Juvenile acne

photo of blackheads

The papulopustular form of the disease occurs when inflamed pimples form a bumpy surface. The elements of the rash are red and filled with purulent contents. These are as follows (see photo).

Indurative acne is when a powerful inflammatory seal forms around the pimples. It has a purple-bluish color and reaches the size of a pea or more. After recovery, rough, depressed scars form in their place. can be viewed here.

Phlegmonous acne - when the inflammation is predominantly purulent in nature. In this case, the process develops deep in the thickness of the tissues. Nodules and cysts are formed as a result of the combination of several large pimples and reach large sizes. What this form of the disease looks like with cavities filled with exudate is captured in the photograph.

Types of acne in men

Acne in the groin in men is most often caused by friction from uncomfortable clothing. Skin prone to pimples is easily injured during movement. Such pimples are difficult to notice in time, however, they must be treated promptly.

Another form of juvenile acne is nodular cystic acne. They are formed by melting tissue, forming deep ulcerations with copious discharge. can be viewed here. Not only the face, but also the back and chest can be affected. This disease usually responds poorly to therapy and always ends in scarring.

Adult acne

There is a form of the disease when acne does not go away after the end of puberty (see the photo for what such acne on the face looks like). About 5% of men and women suffer from acne even after 30 years of age and, sometimes, up to 50 years of age. Late types of acne include premenstrual and postmenopausal acne. A photograph of internal acne on the face of women can be seen below.

Other types of acne in adults are much less common - these are necrotic acne, located on the scalp, tropical acne - associated with high humidity of the skin in a tropical climate, and tetradic acne, which combines the signs of several types of adult acne. These can be viewed below.

Provoked acne

This type includes artificial acne, which appears as a result of mechanical friction. What artificial acne is can be seen in the photographs.

Oil and cosmetic acne - occurs at the site of skin contact with mineral oils or comedogenic fats in cosmetics. See below for photos of white oilheads under a microscope. The disease also manifests itself as a result of exposure of the skin to detergents, for example, tar, suntan oils, hexachloraphen.

True acne must be distinguished from similar diseases. One of them is rosacea or rosacea - a disease characteristic of the age of 40-50 years. What rosacea looks like is shown in the photo.

In adolescence, acne is as common in boys as in girls. But in boys they happen a year or two later. Another feature of the disease is that in boys it is more severe; deep, inflamed pimples with purulent contents are more common. Examples of what subcutaneous acne looks like on the face of a young man are presented in the photo. Acne on the chin of young men can be seen here.

Lightning Acne

They are also called acne fulminans. Such acne is typical for young men. This is an extremely rare, severe form of acne. The disease develops suddenly, the face becomes covered with painful pimples filled with purulent contents (pustules) and deep ulcers. What such acne looks like on the face can be seen in the photograph.

Such acne often spreads to a man's neck, shoulders, chest and back. The rash is accompanied by pain in the joints, muscles, and fever above 38? With and phenomena of intoxication. Science does not know what causes this disease. It has been noted that acne fulminans accompany such severe chronic intestinal diseases as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. It was also found that before the onset of acne, patients were treated with antibiotics, androgens or synthetic retinoids.

Acne conglobata

In men with an additional Y chromosome (boys with this chromosomal disease are born with a frequency of 1: 1000), acne conglobata is noted. This is a severe form of acne with large nodules located deep inside the skin. Below is a photo of large subcutaneous acne on the body. Groups of inflamed nodes are located not only on areas of the body with increased fat content, but also on the arms, legs, except the palms and feet. The course of the disease does not stop until age 40 or more.

Bodybuilding acne

This type of acne develops in athletes who abuse muscle-building drugs. In the photo you can see what such acne, which is also called steroid acne, looks like. Since testosterone derivatives directly enhance the functioning of the sebaceous glands, the appearance of acne is a natural reaction of the body to hormonal drugs. Rashes can be located in men on the face, back, sternum, and on the head under the hair. They are difficult to treat even with systemic medications and often leave scars after healing.

Acne keloid

Another form of acne that only affects men is acne keloid. Dense pink pimples are located on the neck near the hairline. The disease lasts a long time and ends with the formation of scars. The photo shows such pimples and scars.

Diet for acne

Modern ideas about the benefits differ. Some experts believe that no diet will help against acne, while others convince that proper nutrition is one of the main ways to combat acne. And yet there is no denying the fact that the state of digestion and the beauty of the skin are deeply interconnected.

The basic principles of nutrition for acne on the face and body are:

Cellulose.
Zinc, selenium and antioxidants.
Vitamins A, E, and all B vitamins.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids.

A diet for acne should include a lot of fiber. Dietary fiber from foods rich in fiber is not absorbed by the body, but, remaining in the intestinal lumen, absorbs moisture, and with it toxic metabolic products. In addition, fiber feeds the beneficial bacteria that live in the intestines, which, in turn, supply the body with B vitamins, protect us from colonization by harmful bacteria and fungi, and ensure comfortable digestion. Products such as whole grain porridge (barley, buckwheat, brown rice), bran, and fruits (especially apples) are rich in fiber.

The next element, or rather, microelement of a healthy diet for acne, is zinc. Since a lack of zinc aggravates acne, including foods rich in this trace element will help you recover faster. Seafood is rich in zinc (be careful if you are allergic to it, acne will “bloom” even more), wheat germ, nuts, beef and chicken hearts.

Selenium is a trace element that slows down the processes of free radical oxidation in the body. As you know, the fewer free radicals, the healthier the skin. Selenium is found in nuts, offal, and mushrooms. The diet for acne and acne can be significantly diversified if you include in it plant antioxidants, which are rich in green tea, rosemary, and dried fruit compotes (without added sugar, of course).

Vitamins play a vital role in the diet for acne and acne. Vitamin A directly regulates the functioning of the sebaceous glands and the proliferation of epidermal cells. Let us remember that synthetic analogues of vitamin A - retinoids - are among the most effective in the fight against acne. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant and helps give skin a healthy, glowing appearance. B vitamins are involved in tissue respiration processes and will help the immune system cope with infection.

First described in 1959 by R. Bums and J. Colville as acne conglobata with septicemia (photo).

Causes of acne fulminans

Etiology and pathogenesis insufficiently studied. Patients exhibit T-cell immunodeficiency, insufficient production of IgM and IgA. There are reports of cases of the development of fulminant acne during treatment with aromatic retinoids.

Symptoms of fulminant acne, what they look like, course

Clinic. Acne fulminans are characterized by a sudden onset with the appearance of painful pustules, ulcerating nodules on the back, chest, sides of the neck, and shoulders. The rash tends to merge with the formation of extensive foci.

A feature of the process is the low involvement of the facial skin and the absence of comedones. Healing occurs with the formation of scars.

Patients have arthralgia of moderate severity, most often the knee and shoulder joints are involved. The disease occurs with fever and severe general condition. In the blood - leukocytosis, increased ESR (up to 50-90 mm/hour). Rheumatoid factor is negative.

Mostly young men suffer from fulminant acne. The prognosis for fulminant acne is favorable. Cases of acne development due to Crohn's disease have been described.

Histopathology. Infiltrate of polynuclear cells, involving and destroying the follicular apparatus.

Diagnosis of fulminant acne, treatment

Differential diagnosis: acne conglobata, pustular syphilide, acne necrotica.

Treatment of fulminant acne includes:

immunocorrection, antibiotics (resistance is often noted);
therapy includes corticosteroids and non-steroidal antiphlogistics (especially indomethacin);
good results have been obtained with the use of aromatic retinoids (isotretinoin 1 mg/kg/day for 4-17 weeks);
Dapsone is sometimes required.

There are many reasons for the appearance of acne on the face - a large number of women and men face this problem, although most often acne appears on the face of boys and girls during puberty.

From the article you will learn what causes the appearance of acne on the face at different ages, as well as what measures should be taken to solve this problem.

Typically, when most people say “pimples,” they mean any kind of inflammation on the face, but there are actually several types of this problem.

Very often, just by the type of inflammation, one can draw a conclusion about the cause of its development and select the most effective means to eliminate it.

There are the following types of acne, all of which can occur in both women and men:

comedones. A comedone looks like a white bump on the skin and is a clogged pore containing a sebaceous plug. There are closed and open comedones. The latter are easy to remove yourself, since they are on the surface. Closed comedones look like a dense white bump on the skin, they are also called wen;
papule. What is most often called acne. Papules appear from comedones that have become infected. They are noticeably larger, red and painful to the touch;
pustule. This is the next stage of papule development - a mature pimple. Inside it is pus, which looks like a white dot on the skin. The pustule itself is also red, which indicates an inflammatory process;
cystic acne. These are pustules that have spread over large areas of the skin. They are located deep in the skin, so it is impossible to remove them on your own, since in the dermis they are connected by fistulous ducts. This type of acne is quite painful and requires complex treatment;
lightning acne. This type of acne is the most severe and usually spreads over the entire surface of the face and large areas of the body. With fulminant acne, not only the skin suffers, but the leukocyte formula of the blood also changes, and muscle and bone pain appears. Lightning-fast acne requires urgent help from a specialist.

In addition to the type of acne, there are also stages of acne - there are four in total.

The first stage is characterized by the appearance of comedones in a local area of the face, for example, on the forehead or chin. Rashes in the form of papules and pustules are rare or absent.

The second stage is characterized by a larger affected area: usually pimples appear not only on the face, but also on the body. Acne is represented by comedones, papules and pustules.

At the third stage of development, most comedones become inflamed and turn into papules and pustules, which become the predominant number on the damaged areas of the face and body. Pimples are quite painful, and after removing them, marks remain on the skin.

The fourth stage of acne looks like large rashes (from 5 mm) located deep in the skin. They are very painful, and after their removal, noticeable scars remain on the skin.

Reasons for appearance

The most common cause of acne is hormonal changes in the body in adolescents.

Acne on the face of adolescents begins to appear at the age of 11-13 years, normalization of hormonal levels occurs around 18-19 years.

Thus, acne, blackheads and pimples on the skin during this period are a completely natural phenomenon.

For all men and women, this period proceeds differently: for some, there is very little acne, for others, on the contrary, this problem becomes very noticeable.

It depends on many factors, in particular, heredity, skin type, skin care, etc. Red pimples are most common in teenagers.

If there is a lot of inflammation, then you need to consult a doctor who will help prescribe treatment against acne.

Pimples, including red ones, occur not only in teenagers, but also in adult men and women. In this case, the problem may be a hormonal imbalance, but there are many other reasons why acne may appear on the face.

In most cases, all the problems of internal organs are reflected on the skin, so acne very often indicates certain problems in the body.

It is believed that a large number of pimples on the forehead indicates a malfunction of the gallbladder; comedones appear on the cheeks due to poor nutrition, which leads to contamination of the body with toxins.

Of course, you shouldn’t independently draw a conclusion about which organ’s functioning is impaired, but in general, all the malfunctions of the body really are reflected on the skin.

In adult men and women, acne can appear due to poor diet.

Fatty, spicy, salty, spicy foods accelerate the production of sebum, which causes pores to become clogged faster, oily sheen, inflammation, etc. to appear.

It’s not difficult to deal with this problem - you need to give up or at least reduce the amount of harmful foods in your diet.

These include:

fatty meats;
alcohol;
fast food;
baked goods and sweets;
products containing animal fats;
milk and dairy products.

Unfavorable environmental conditions can also worsen complexion and lead to skin inflammation in men and women.

If the body regularly does not receive enough nutrients, a large amount of harmful foods is consumed, and a person lives in a polluted area, then skin problems will not be long in coming.

Among the reasons for the appearance of acne on the face in both men and women, it is worth noting either improper skin care or the use of low-quality cosmetic products.

Acne prevention

Before you begin treating acne on your face, you need to determine why it appeared. Additionally, not all types of acne can be treated at home.

If there are a lot of pimples, they pop up regularly and are mostly red, then it is best to consult a doctor about this problem, because without treatment it will only get worse.

In adults, red pimples appear quite rarely.

The causes of acne in women and men most often lie in poor nutrition and skin care, and less often in dysfunction of internal organs and hormonal imbalance.

Of course, it will also be useful for adults to visit a doctor in order to accurately determine the causes of inflammation on the face, but in many cases they can be solved on their own.

First of all, you need to pay attention to your diet, include more fruits and vegetables in it. Products containing vitamin E are especially beneficial for facial skin.

These include orange and green vegetables, particularly carrots, spinach and potatoes. Of the fruits, citrus fruits are the most beneficial for the skin, because they activate the production of collagen, which is responsible for prolonging the youth of the skin.

Fatty acids are also very beneficial for the skin - they are found in fish, especially fatty ones. The most useful meat would be chicken breast, which contains the necessary protein, but is not fatty.

Nuts are also good for the skin, and green tea is a good drink. If you include more healthy foods in your diet, most problems, including acne, will most likely disappear.

Improper skin care in men and the use of inappropriate cosmetics in women are common reasons why acne appears on the face.

Since most people live in cities where the air is polluted, the skin needs careful cleansing and care.

It is best to have the cleaning done by a professional cosmetologist, but you can do it yourself at home. With regular cleansing of the pores, inflammation and red pimples will appear on the skin much less frequently.

In addition, try not to touch your face during the day, as micro-wounds and cracks in the skin can cause an infection, which will later lead to the appearance of acne.

Inappropriate or simply low-quality cosmetics are another possible reason why acne appears on the face.

You need to choose cosmetics - both caring and decorative - based on your skin type. It is best to take the help of a cosmetologist who will help you choose the right line. This is especially important if the skin is prone to redness, allergies, etc.

Treatment methods

Skin care and changing your diet are not a complete treatment and can only help if acne on the face appears rarely and does not cause much discomfort.

If the inflammations are red and there are a lot of them, then you need to eliminate the causes of their occurrence, which only a dermatologist can determine.

Treatment for acne depends on the severity of the problem. In some cases, you can significantly reduce their appearance with the help of special ointments, lotions and creams that you can buy yourself at the pharmacy.

Most products contain substances that eliminate bacteria (the reason why acne occurs) and help restore skin.

Among the effective remedies are, for example, Skinoren or Baziron gels, Zenerit lotion, etc.

But it is best to choose a product for adults and adolescents with a dermatologist, since he will be able to choose the most optimal option to eliminate the cause of inflammation.

Cosmetic procedures will also be effective - they will not only help eliminate the causes of acne, but will also help remove the consequences that red pimples often leave on the skin.

Professional treatments include both cleaning and care, as well as acne removal.

You should not squeeze them out yourself, as this, in most cases, leads to the penetration of infection into the skin and an even greater spread of acne. A mark will remain in place of the squeezed out eel, which will still ruin the appearance of the skin.

Regardless of whether acne is treated at the doctor or at home, your skin also needs daily care.

Dirty air in big cities, poor diet, constant stress - all this negatively affects the condition of the skin. All these factors affect the functioning of the sebaceous glands, causing them to work faster and longer. Acne is no longer just a problem for teenagers. How to deal with these unpleasant formations, which in cosmetology are called “imperfections”?

For those who suffer from any type of acne, experts give important recommendations. They must be followed regardless of the specific type of acne that worries the patient. Firstly, you should not squeeze pimples. This can lead to the formation of boils. The infection will spread throughout the body. In exceptional cases, it may even penetrate the brain. Also, squeezing leads to a scar subsequently remaining on the skin at the site of the imperfection. It will take longer to get rid of scars than the acne itself. Also, under no circumstances should you steam pimples - this will lead to further spread of the bacterial infection. One more important recommendation should be remembered: those who suffer from acne should not use cleansing scrubs or wipe the skin with ice cubes, as this increases inflammation and has a damaging effect on the skin.

Sometimes patients believe that they can cope with the problem on their own by searching on the Internet for descriptions of different types of acne, photos and names. But self-medication can cause irreparable harm to the skin. If we are not talking about the simplest type of acne - blackheads - you need to be treated only by a qualified dermatologist.

Different types of acne and their treatment

The reasons why acne occurs can be very different - from genetic predisposition to bacterial infections. Experts distinguish two categories of acne - non-inflammatory and inflammatory. The first group includes white and blackheads. Moreover, most often you can hear complaints from patients about blackheads. It is quite possible to cure this type of acne on your own - but only in the initial stages. The second type - inflammatory acne - includes a large number of different formations. These include conglobate acne, colds and red pimples.

Acne conglobata

One of the most common types of acne is the so-called acne conglobata. Typically they occur on the face, back and chest. Conglobate acne looks like large nodes located in the deep layers of the skin and sometimes involving the upper layers of subcutaneous fat. Their diameter in some cases can reach 2 cm. Such acne can also merge with each other, forming conglomerates. After opening them, ulcers form that do not heal for a long time, and then large scars. In some cases, the nodes merge with each other, forming the so-called cutaneous sinus tracts, which seem to “undermine” the skin of the torso and face.

This type of acne on the face causes a lot of inconvenience. It is impossible to take a photo, as they look extremely unattractive and are difficult to disguise. Acne conglobata often causes a decrease in self-confidence. Various psychological complexes appear. This type of acne has other names: multiple, or piled up. This is one of the most severe forms of acne; it often recurs and becomes chronic. When suppuration occurs, boils and abscesses often form.

Reasons for appearance

It is believed that the cause of this type of acne is largely due to genetically determined high levels of testosterone. Also, hormonal balance can be disrupted throughout life due to exposure to environmental factors. Another reason is the proliferation of various bacteria on the surface of the skin. Their vital activity leads to damage to the walls of the sebaceous glands located in the lower layers of the skin, which leads to the development of inflammatory reactions. Experts also identify a number of provoking factors that lead to the occurrence of this type of acne:

Frequent stress, as well as anxiety and depressive disorders. When a person is in such states for a long time, this provokes increased production of the so-called “substance P”, which provokes disturbances in the functioning of the sebaceous glands.
Dietary disorders. It is believed that this type of acne can be caused by excessive consumption of foods with a high content of iodine and bromine (iodized salt, as well as seafood).
Taking steroid hormones, anticonvulsants, antidepressants.
Negative environmental influences: solar radiation, skin pollution from city dust, too frequent washing of the skin with soap, poorly selected cosmetics, mechanically injured skin.
Smoking. Refers to the main factors that provoke the appearance of conglobate acne.

Treatment of conglobate acne

In many ways, treatment tactics depend on the age and gender of the patient, the type of activity, and lifestyle. The doctor must assess what stage the disease is at and whether there are any disturbances in the functioning of the internal organs. Therapy is selected taking into account individual characteristics and type of acne. A photo may not be enough to make a diagnosis, so you should not contact a doctor about this problem via the Internet. For successful therapy, an in-person visit to a specialist is necessary. First, the doctor prescribes previous therapy, which consists of the following processes:

Sebometry - procedures for determining the amount of sebum on the surface of the skin;
Study of hormonal levels, as well as the level of skin moisture;
Study of skin microrelief using video monitoring;
Consultation with a gynecologist and endocrinologist.

Systemic therapy

Consists of the following procedures:

Prescribing antibiotics according to specific regimens. Doctors often prescribe Cefotaxime or Kefzol intravenously or intramuscularly. The duration of the course of antibiotics is up to 14 days, and Prednisolone is often additionally prescribed.
Taking combined oral contraceptives. Medicines are prescribed even in cases where testosterone levels are not elevated. Before taking COCs, a preliminary consultation with a gynecologist is required.
A course of retinoids. The drugs are prescribed after antibiotic therapy has been administered.

In addition, local remedies are also prescribed:

Ointments and emulsions containing antibiotics - zinc ointment, ointment with gentamicin, Clindamycin gel.
Retinoids in cream form (Retin A, Differin).
Non-drug therapy - laser treatment, oxygen-ozone therapy.

Non-inflammatory acne

Acne that is not accompanied by an inflammatory process is called comedones. They appear when the skin pores or mouths of hair follicles become contaminated with a mixture of sebum and dead skin cells. In turn, comedones are divided into two types - open and closed. Open comedones are a type of pimples on the face that are commonly called blackheads. They appear as dark dots. At first, the sebum that clogs the pore is colorless, but then gradually darkens. The size of a comedone is usually no more than 2 mm. This type of acne can be treated on your own, but it is recommended to see a doctor to avoid infection.

Among all types of acne in children and adolescents, this type is the most common. As a rule, it does not require additional therapy, and treatment includes means that can help reduce the formation of comedones. As a rule, preparations containing salicylic acid and azelaic acid are used. Tretionin is considered a particularly highly active agent, aimed at reducing the number of comedones. If the patient is well tolerated, Tretionin is applied to the affected areas of the skin once a day. Azelaic acid is used 2 times a day. These drugs are used for several months until complete recovery is achieved.

Inflammatory acne

One of the most common types of acne on the face and back is red acne. They are inflamed nodules on the surface of the skin, the size of which can reach 5 mm. This type belongs to the group of inflammatory acne. Their red color indicates the occurrence of an inflammatory process. Most often, red pimples are a reaction of the body's immune system to bacterial activity. If an infection occurs, the pimple may become larger and more painful. After some time, pus comes to the surface, and the acne gradually disappears.

Treatment of red pimples

Experts warn: red pimples should not be squeezed. After all, these actions can bring acne to the boil stage. The best therapy is to wipe the skin with a special lotion with antiseptic properties or aloe juice. In case of acne breakout, the wound should be treated with an alcohol-containing product.

If this type of acne appears on the back or other parts of the body, you should consult a doctor. Typically, laser or chemical peeling, ultrasonic cleaning, and ozone therapy are prescribed as therapy of this type. After consultation with a specialist, treatment can be continued at home. Zinc or ichthyol ointments, drugs "Zinerit", "Differin", "Curiosin" and others are usually prescribed.

Traditional medicine methods are also effective. You can make your own compresses or lotions from a decoction of calendula, chamomile, and nettle. The use of white clay is also effective. A special mask made from clay and calendula infusion cleanses the skin well.

Purulent pimples, the reasons for their appearance

This is another type of inflammatory acne. Among all types of acne on the skin, this type is the most unpredictable. A purulent pimple, as a rule, matures for a long time before suddenly showing itself “in all its glory.” This type of acne appears due to increased activity of the sebaceous glands. As a result, bacteria begin to multiply intensively on the surface of the skin and the inflammatory process begins. Often, purulent acne appears on other parts of the body - they are also the most common among other types of acne on the back. Also, small purulent acne appears as a result of the body’s reaction to taking certain medications - steroids or antibiotics. Also, this type of acne can occur on various parts of the body due to hormonal imbalance. The likelihood of purulent acne is reduced with proper hygiene.

Types of acne on hands

Rashes on the hands are divided into several types. Firstly, acne on the hands can be of an infectious type and occur for the same reasons as on other parts of the body. Secondly, rashes on the hands can appear due to an allergic reaction of the body. It should be noted that often various types of acne on the hands indicate the presence of an infection or fungus - the cause may be eczema, scabies and other diseases. If acne occurs due to an allergic reaction, it is worth remembering that it can be life-threatening. That is why, if you notice acne on your hands, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. Don’t rack your brains looking at the different types of acne on your hands in photos on the Internet. Timely consultation with a doctor is the key to quick recovery and health safety.

Cold pimples

During the cold season, cold acne becomes especially common. This is due to weakened immunity, which cannot fully fight various viruses and bacteria. Cold weather, drafts, and frequent hypothermia lead not only to acute respiratory infections, but also to the occurrence of this type of acne. A photo of this type of acne, like others, cannot be called aesthetic. Acne looks like lumps, which over time develop into extensive skin inflammation, sometimes with a white head at the top. However, unlike other categories of acne, cold pimples do not contain pus and therefore cannot be squeezed out. Pus accumulates inside such pimples gradually. They also take a long time to ripen, in some cases within 1-2 weeks. These pimples are also very difficult to disguise as they appear as red lesions. They appear most often on the face - on the lips, forehead, chin, head.

Treatment of cold acne

Typically, antiseptics, Vishnevsky ointment, and ichthyol ointment are used to combat cold acne. Using an antiseptic solution, you can significantly limit the spread of inflammation on the skin. For this purpose, preparations that contain salicylic acid, alcohol, and iodine are used. Antiseptics must be applied pointwise. This helps destroy bacteria on the surface of the skin.

Often, acne of this type appears on problematic skin, which is characterized by an increased level of sebum production. It clogs pores, mixes with dust and dead skin particles, thus creating a favorable environment for the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms. Their waste products create an inflammatory process on the surface of the skin. In this case, ointments with an antiseptic effect can provide good help, which will destroy harmful microorganisms, reduce inflammation, and also have an analgesic effect. These include Levomekol, synthomycin ointment, and Baziron AS.

An affordable and effective drug - Vishnevsky ointment

Vishnevsky ointment is one of the most affordable and reliable drugs for the treatment of colds. It contains natural ingredients - birch tar, ichthyol, and castor oil. The ointment helps speed up the process of pimple maturation and its release. For maximum effect, you need to apply a thick layer of ointment on a piece of sterile tissue or gauze, apply it to the pimple and secure it overnight with an adhesive plaster. The main advantage of Vishnevsky ointment is its safety. The drug can also be used to treat other types of acne on the body. A significant drawback is the specific smell that not everyone will like.

Ichthyol ointment

Ichthyol ointment is also an excellent way to treat colds. It is made on the basis of ichthyol and petroleum jelly. Ichthyol ointment differs from Vishnevsky ointment in that it cannot accelerate the ripening of cold acne. However, it is able to draw pus out. Therefore, ichthyol ointment is best applied to an already mature pimple.

"Levomekol"

Excellent fight against inflammatory processes. At the initial stage of acne formation, you need to apply a thin layer several times a day to the painful area of the skin. After the pimple is opened, you can apply bandages containing ointment, this will significantly speed up the healing process and will also prevent possible complications.

Syntomycin ointment

Since cold pimples are characterized by increased pain, syntomycin ointment is well suited for their treatment. It quickly relieves discomfort. The ointment contains chloramphenicol, which belongs to the class of antibiotics. Using the product helps reduce inflammation and accelerate tissue regeneration.

"Baziron AS" is a medicinal gel widely used in the treatment of acne. It can be used to eliminate acne of various origins - colds, acne conglobata on the face and back. The gel is also used to treat various types of acne on the legs. The gel should be applied 2 times a day - morning and evening. "Baziron AS" is quickly absorbed without leaving any unpleasant sensations.

All methods described in this article are for informational purposes only. Before using any product, consultation with a specialist is necessary. You cannot treat inflammatory acne on your own, as this can only worsen the situation.