Children obesity 2nd degree diet recipes. Diet and treatment of obesity in children. Medicines for weight loss

Obesity is a chronic disease that is difficult to treat. Body weight exceeding 20% ​​of normal values ​​is already considered obese. Excess weight is not only an aesthetic problem. This is a huge danger for the whole body, which leads to diseases of the heart, liver, endocrine system, etc. For a disease such as 2nd degree obesity, diet is the main treatment.

Both adults and children are susceptible to obesity. The development of this disease is usually preceded by various types of problems.

The causes of obesity are:

• genetics;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• hormonal disorders;
• chronic diseases;
• mental disorders;
• unhealthy diet, etc.

The presence of similar problems, even if there is no obesity at the moment, may lead to the formation of excess weight, which can subsequently turn into obesity. In this case, it is recommended to follow a proper diet.

The problem of obesity has a special place in medicine. Treatment is often complicated by the fact that an overweight person also has a number of other diseases (cardiovascular, endocrine, diabetes, etc.). Patients are often prescribed medication, surgery, and physical activity. But the main treatment is diet therapy. You cannot prescribe a therapeutic diet for yourself. This can lead to unpleasant consequences if a person has other diseases along with obesity (for example, with stage 2 hypertension). Only an experienced doctor or nutritionist will be able to correctly create a diet so as not to harm the patient.

Principles of healthy eating for obesity

Proper nutrition will protect against obesity and other dangerous diseases (photo: xvatit.com)

When adhering to the rules of nutrition for obesity of the 2nd degree, you need to know the basic rules that are the same for all overweight people.

• Reduce the intervals between meals, but the portions should be small. This way you avoid feeling hungry during the day, which prevents you from overeating.
• Avoid fasting. Fasting is dangerous because a person may experience breakdowns, which lead to overeating and rapid weight gain.
• It is necessary to compare energy consumption with the calorie content of food. Rule 1 for obesity - fewer calories.
• Food products must contain vitamins, minerals and fiber.
• Foods with fast carbohydrates are allowed to be eaten only in the morning.
• In the first half of the day, eat more nutritious foods, and leave light foods for the second half.

Diet No. 8 for obesity

Obese people need to consume no more than 1900 calories per day (photo: okeydoc.ru)

Therapeutic diet No. 8 was developed especially for obese people.

Diet goals:

• weight loss;
• normalization of water-salt balance;
• regulation of lipid metabolism.

It is advisable to adhere to diet No. 8 under the supervision of a doctor

What are the principles of therapeutic nutrition in diet No. 8:

• limiting or completely eliminating the use of salt and spices that cause appetite;
• You are allowed to salt the finished dish directly on your plate;
• increase protein intake to 100 g per day;
• reduce the amount of fat to 80 g per day, of which 40 g are vegetable fats;
• reduce the amount of carbohydrates to 200 g per day;
• the number of calories per day should not exceed 1900 kcal;
• increase your intake of fiber foods;
• eat only boiled, stewed and baked foods;
• Fried foods, as well as chopped or pureed foods, are prohibited;
• fractional meals (up to 6 times a day);
• Sugar is excluded (sweeteners are allowed).

In particularly severe stages of obesity, which are treated in a hospital, the daily caloric intake may decrease from 800 to 1200 kcal

Table of allowed and prohibited foods for diet No. 8:

Allowed to use	Prohibited to use
Bread made from rye, wheat or whole grain flour	Bakery products made from premium wheat flour
Soups made from vegetable broths with added cereals	Dishes made from yeast, puff pastry, shortbread dough
First courses with light meat broths (beetroot soup, cabbage soup, borscht)	Pasta
Soups with diluted fish broth	Rice, semolina
Lean meat meatball soup	Beans
Lean meat and fish	Fatty meat and fish, lard, lard
Chicken eggs	Pickles, canned foods
Milk and dairy products low in fat	Sausages
Butter	Grapes, bananas, dates, figs and sweet dried fruits
Vegetable oil	Juice, kvass from the store
Loose porridges (buckwheat, pearl barley, barley)	Candies, cookies, ice cream,
Green vegetables	Chocolate
Fruit and berry jellies and compotes	Honey
Low-fat sauces (white or tomato)	Mayonnaise, horseradish, mustard, fatty and hot sauces
Green tea, black	Alcohol
Rose hip decoction	Semi-finished products
Chicory, coffee with milk	Fast food

Fasting days - when is it best to use them?

Apple fasting days are useful for people with insufficient physical activity (photo: magia-stroinosti.ru)

Fasting days are days when the daily diet is determined by the consumption of a number of specific foods. For example, meat fasting day, kefir, watermelon, apple, etc.

It is useful to arrange fasting days for obesity, diabetes, pancreatitis and other diseases.

• arrange 1-2 fasting days a week;
• do not eat heavily before going to bed;
• eat a couple of dried apricots or prunes at night as a mild laxative;
• The fasting day should take place in a calm, stress-free atmosphere.

Types of fasting days for obesity:

• Apple. During the day, eat 1.5 kg of unsweetened apples (divide the amount into 5-6 meals). Apples can be peeled and grated. You can also bake it with cinnamon.
• Cucumber. Divide 1.5 kg of cucumbers into 5 portions. At lunch and for the first dinner, add one soft-boiled egg to the cucumber.
• Buckwheat. On this day you need to eat one glass of steamed cereal without salt, oil and sauce every 2-3 hours. In this case, you need to drink up to two liters of clean water without gas per day.

You can also have meat meals (280-350 g of boiled meat with a vegetable side dish, divided into 5-6 portions). Curd (500-600 g of low-fat cottage cheese per day plus 2-3 glasses of coffee or tea without sugar). Combine fasting days with physical activity.

Diet for obesity of the 2nd degree. Menu for the week

Obese people need to give up fast food, sweets, processed foods and other junk foods (photo: caloriesburning.net)

In case of obesity of the 2nd degree, there is an excess of body weight by 30-50% of the norm. Weight accumulates slowly but steadily. In this case, a therapeutic diet and physical activity are prescribed. Only in combination is it possible to achieve results in case of 2nd degree obesity.

The diet for a patient with 2nd degree obesity (as well as nutrition for hypertension) is practically no different from the diet of patients with 1st degree.

Nutrition principles:

• distribution of nutrients - 60% proteins, 25% vegetable fats, 4-8g salt per day;
• drink no more than 1-2 liters of water per day;
• It is preferable to eat vegetables and fruits raw;
• Main courses should be stewed, baked, boiled or steamed;
• Divide the diet into 5-6 meals.

Diet for obesity of the 2nd degree and menu for the week:

Monday
Breakfast 1	Boiled hake 100 g. Boiled potatoes 50 g. Fresh cabbage salad 60 g. Coffee without sugar 200 ml.
Breakfast 2	Low-fat kefir 250 ml.
Dinner	Potato soup without meat 200 g. Boiled chicken 100 g. Fresh cucumbers 100 g. Brew without sugar 200 ml.
Afternoon snack	Berries or apples 200 g. Rose hip decoction 200 ml.
Dinner 1	Soft-boiled egg. Boiled lean beef and green peas 100 g.
Dinner 2	Dietary kefir 250 ml.
Tuesday
Breakfast 1	Steamed fish cutlets 200 g. Soft-boiled chicken egg. Coffee without sugar 200 ml.
Breakfast 2	Skim milk 200 ml.
Dinner	Vegetable soup with pearl barley 230 g. Boiled beef stroganoff with beets 260 g. Sauerkraut salad 60 g. Brew without sugar 200 ml.
Afternoon snack	Berries or apples 200 g.
Dinner 1	Boiled lean beef 50 g. Soft-boiled egg.
Dinner 2	Curdled milk 250 ml.
Wednesday
Breakfast 1	Jellied fish 310 g. Soft-boiled chicken eggs 2 pcs.
Breakfast 2	Apples 100 g. Kefir 250 ml.
Dinner	Vegetable soup 300 g. Stew with meat and vegetables 250 g. Brew without sugar 200 ml.
Afternoon snack	Apples 200 g.
Dinner 1	Soft-boiled egg.
Dinner 2	Yogurt or low-fat kefir 250 ml.
Thursday
Breakfast 1	Boiled beef 100 g. Low-fat kefir 250 ml.
Breakfast 2	Soft-boiled egg 1 pc. Apples 100 g. Coffee without sugar 200 ml.
Dinner	Lenten borscht 250 g. Boiled beef stroganoff 170 g. Boiled potatoes 80 g. Brew without sugar 200 ml.
Afternoon snack	Apples 200 g.
Dinner 1	Boiled chicken and green peas 100 g.
Dinner 2	Curdled milk 200 ml.
Friday
Breakfast 1	Any boiled meat 100 g. Low-fat kefir 250 ml.
Breakfast 2	Steamed carrot soufflé 130 g. Apples 150 g. Coffee without sugar 200 ml.
Dinner	Lenten cabbage soup 250 g. Boiled hake 150 g. Boiled potatoes 75 g. Brew without sugar 200 ml.
Afternoon snack	Apples 200 g.
Dinner 1	Boiled meat of your choice 100 g. Tea with milk without sugar 200 ml.
Dinner 2	Low-fat kefir 200 ml.
Saturday (fasting day)
Sunday
Breakfast 1	Vinaigrette 150 g. Low-fat cottage cheese 100 g. Tea without sugar 200 ml.
Breakfast 2	Apples 200 g.
Dinner	Lenten borscht with sour cream 200 g. Boiled meat of your choice 150 g. Stewed cabbage 100 g. Brew without sugar 200 ml.
Afternoon snack	Cottage cheese with milk 150 g.
Dinner 1	Any boiled fish 150 g. Vegetable stew 200 g. Tea with lemon without sugar 200 ml.
Dinner 2	Low-fat kefir 200 ml. Rye bread 20 g.

Obesity and children

Poor nutrition can trigger the development of obesity in children (photo: 31tv.ru)

Obesity in children is complicated by the fact that the body during this period needs an increased amount of vitamins, minerals, macro- and microelements. Treatment of obesity in childhood is also carried out through diet.

Principles of constructing dietary nutrition for an obese child:

• exclude or limit easily digestible carbohydrates;
• lamb, beef, pork fat and margarine are excluded;
• limit or eliminate the consumption of buns, sweets, cookies and other sweets;
• focus on vegetables, fruits and berries;
• Freshly prepared juices are good for children: tomato, beet, carrot, cabbage;
• meat, fish, milk, cottage cheese and other fermented milk products should be present in the diet in the amount recommended by age;
• prepare vegetarian first courses;
• it is allowed to prepare soup in diluted broth from meat or fish no more than twice a week;
• prepare cutlets and meatballs from lean meat or steamed fish;
• minimize or eliminate the consumption of potatoes;
• teach your child to eat slowly, chewing food thoroughly, then the feeling of fullness will last longer.

Obesity of the 2nd degree and above is a problem. It's not easy to get rid of it. But if you strictly follow nutritional standards, listen to your doctor’s advice, play sports and be active, you won’t have to wait long for results.

The causes of obesity and methods of treating the disease are described in the video below with Elena Malysheva, Doctor of Medical Sciences.

General rules

Obesity is defined as excess fat accumulation resulting from consuming calories that exceed a person's energy expenditure. High intake of carbohydrates and fats plays an important role in its development. The main criterion for diagnosing this condition is the body mass index, which, if it is from 25 to 40 kg/m2, is regarded as obesity of 1-2 degrees, and if it is more than 40 kg/m2, then obesity of extreme 4 degrees occurs. Is this already a disease or so-called morbid obesity.

It is accompanied by neurohumoral and metabolic disorders, as well as changes in organ function. The problem is important because many diseases are associated with obesity: metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, osteoarthritis, night apnea And polycystic ovary syndrome. Even a slight excess of weight (just 10%) already leads to an increase in mortality by 20%, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Thus, it can be considered as a socially significant disease.

Treating this disease is a difficult task and first of all you need to find out the cause. The formation of excess weight is often associated with eating disorders, which are psychological in nature. For example, in patients suffering from bulimia nervosa. Bulimia is a psychosomatic disorder manifested in uncontrolled food consumption. The second name for this disorder is ravenous hunger. Attacks of overeating are provoked by external influences and the disease can occur in the form of:

• paroxysmal absorption of food as a result of a strong appetite;
• constant consumption of large amounts of food;
• night food, when attacks occur at night.

Most often, the patient tries to get rid of the food he has eaten by vomiting or using enemas and laxatives. Bulimia with cravings for high-carbohydrate foods may occur when depression. In women, during the luteal phase, taste preferences change (a craving for sweets appears), appetite increases and a transient bulimia.

Patients in whom decreased satiety is accompanied by anxiety-depressive disorders and bulimia are prescribed antidepressants. Therapy with appetite regulators is also effective ( Sibutramine, Dietress).

A diet for obesity is always prescribed regardless of the cause that caused it. It is based on the principles of a balanced diet - it contains a sufficient amount of protein, vitamins and microelements. At the same time, the diet limits the amount of fat (from animals), salt (up to 3-5 g), easily digestible carbohydrates and free liquid (this depends on the degree of obesity), on average 1-1.2 liters. Any foods that stimulate the appetite are also limited.

It uses low-calorie products: lean fish, seafood, dietary meat, low-fat cottage cheese, milk, eggs, which contain essential amino acids And vitamins. Non-digestible fiber and complex carbohydrates are represented by vegetables, fruits, cereals and grains. The patient obtains unsaturated fatty acids through the consumption of vegetable oils.

Proper distribution of calories throughout the day is important. This is due to the fact that in the first half of the day fat breakdown processes predominate, and after 18 hours liposynthesis accelerates (especially at night). Taking this into account, breakfast should be the most high-calorie, so it can include complex and simple carbohydrates and protein. Lunch is less high in calories. For dinner, which should be very light, you can eat lean meat/fish with a vegetable side dish. Or cottage cheese with kefir. After dinner you can only drink water or kefir.

The composition of foods, as well as proteins, fats and carbohydrates, varies depending on the degree of obesity, but the basic principles of nutrition are similar:

• Inclusion of vegetables and fruits - sources of fiber and complex carbohydrates. You need to consume them daily, spreading them over all meals, since fiber slows down the absorption of carbohydrates and fats and the process of converting carbohydrates into fats. They also inhibit post-meal glucose rise and spike. insulin which promotes fat deposition.
• Mandatory consumption of complex carbohydrates (whole grain bread, muesli, cereals, cereals).
• Introduce protein through lean meats, fish, eggs and dairy products.
• Healthy fats in the diet are represented by vegetable oils.
• Exclusion of simple carbohydrates (sugar, honey, baked goods, etc.). The need for sweets must be met with berries and fruits.
• Avoiding alcohol, flavor enhancers, and processed foods. Nuts, popcorn, seeds and chips, which are often used for snacking, are quite high in calories. These unaccounted calories take a toll on your weight. When visiting during feasts, you need to choose less calorie dishes.
• Proper cooking (stewing, boiling, baking). Any fried foods are excluded.
• The last meal is no later than 2 hours before going to bed.

Diet therapy also provides for the correct diet and the implementation of certain rules:

• Five (or more) meals a day. Fractional meals in small portions, including snacks, prevent the development of a strong feeling of hunger and prevent breakdown and withdrawal from the diet. Patients often have a perverted diet - they eat rarely, consume little food in the morning, and large portions late in the evening. Large meals increase the volume of the stomach and enhance the absorption of carbohydrates and fats.
• Correct distribution of calories: for breakfast - 30% of daily calories, for lunch - up to 40%, dinner - 10%, 10% is also allocated for snacks.
• Mandatory drinking regimen, if there are no contraindications - 1.5-2 l/day.
• Avoid eating on the go - chips, pies, sandwiches, crackers.
• For all degrees of obesity, a subcalorie diet is prescribed (contains significantly fewer calories than the diet of a healthy person). The degree of calorie restriction depends on the degree of obesity and the patient's condition.

For 1st degree obesity

1st degree obesity characterized by a body mass index from 30.0 to 34. Patients at this stage do not consider themselves sick, they have no complaints from other organs, but sometimes they may experience weakness and increased fatigue. However, already at this stage you need to start fighting extra pounds, otherwise you may develop hyperinsulinemia, hypo ovarian function and menstrual irregularities.

Simple carbohydrates and sugar should be eliminated completely, replacing them with sweeteners. The norm for bread consumption is 150 g. The daily calorie content is no more than 1500 kcal. Reducing calories to this level allows you to lose 8% of weight in six months. For moderate obesity, even reducing it by 500 kcal compared to normal calorie content is sufficient.

Excluded:

• sweet and puff pastries;
• fatty fish, caviar and canned food;
• fatty meats and sausages;
• salted and pickled vegetables;
• full-fat milk, sour cream, cream, full-fat cottage cheese;
• pasta.

At 2 degrees of obesity there is an excess weight of 30-40% more than normal and a BMI of 35-39.9.

The diet of patients at these two stages is similar. It is based on complex carbohydrates that have a low GI: whole grains, many vegetables and fruits. All of these foods are rich in dietary fiber. Vegetables or fruits should be included in the diet five times a day. You should eat fish at least twice a week. It must be remembered that fasting is contraindicated, as it can lead to depression. As prescribed by your doctor, you may be prescribed a diet with a lower calorie content for a short time, which will be discussed below.

At obesity 3rd degree BMI exceeds 40. At grade 3, there is already a pronounced weight gain, which causes psychophysical discomfort in the patient, leads to the appearance of concomitant diseases (musculoskeletal, cardiovascular systems) and sexual disorders. The patient's health is deteriorating, there is constant dyspnea, pain in the heart area, weakness, decreased performance. Complications of impaired metabolism are diabetes, pancreatitis, hypertonic disease, kidney stones.

The diet involves large calorie restrictions. Reducing calories is achieved by cutting down “fast” carbohydrates and fats. The daily diet consists of up to 80 g of protein, 60 g of fat and 100 g of carbohydrates. Daily calorie content is no more than 1300 kilocalories. Sometimes it is recommended to reduce it to 1000 kcal or more - 650-850 kcal. These are the so-called reduced diets. Such nutrition can be prescribed for a short time (maximum 3 months), and the patient himself must be under the supervision of a doctor.

It is unacceptable to use (even occasionally):

• confectionery, sweets;
• any sweet drinks;
• ice cream;
• sweet fruits (bananas, grapes) and dried fruits;
• sugar, honey, baking (sugar is replaced xylitol, sorbitol, sweetener);
• foods that increase appetite (spicy sauces, smoked foods and seasonings).

It is better to exclude starchy vegetables from the diet completely. These include: potatoes, rutabaga, carrots, corn, pumpkin, Jerusalem artichoke, beets, mature beans and peas, squash, zucchini, parsnip and parsley root, radish, radish. However, this can be difficult to do in everyday life, so you need to use them as rarely as possible. Of course, potatoes, as the most highly starchy vegetable, are completely excluded from the diet.

The rate of fluid intake varies from person to person, usually no more than 1-1.2 liters per day. Salt intake is also significantly limited (3 g per day). In this regard, pickles and canned foods are contraindicated. The consumption of white bread, pasta, sago, white rice, and semolina is significantly limited.

The food menu may contain:

• vegetables: green peas, all types of onions, cucumber, kohlrabi, eggplant, all types of cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Chinese cabbage, cucumbers, celery, seaweed, green salads, sorrel (rarely if uric acid levels are elevated), tops vegetables, chard, dill, sweet peppers, parsley, mushrooms, chicory, spinach, garlic;
• dietary varieties of bread (bran, grain, coarse);
• buckwheat and oatmeal, added to soup;
• unripe legumes (green beans, green peas);
• pears, apples, citrus fruits, kiwi, pineapples, plums.

When creating a diet menu for grade 3 obesity, you need to take into account not only prohibited foods, but also not exceed the volume of single servings and the number of foods allowed per day:

• fermented milk drinks 300 ml;
• low-fat cottage cheese 100 g;
• butter 5-10 g;
• one egg;
• fruit 200 g;
• allowed vegetables 200-300 g.

The diet ensures slow weight loss. You shouldn't try to lose weight quickly. The diet must be followed under the supervision of a specialist, and drug correction of metabolism and an effect on increased appetite are possible. Physical activity is required, the level of which will also be determined by a specialist taking into account concomitant pathology, but all patients, without exception, are recommended to walk for 45 minutes daily.

Obesity And diabetes very connected. The risk of diabetes mellitus with third degree obesity will increase 10 times. If a person leads a sedentary lifestyle and consumes mainly carbohydrate foods, more glucose is needed to process glucose. insulin. The pancreas works overtime, which over time depletes it and leads to the development of diabetes.

Carrot, beet and tomato juice, without preservatives and additives, and celery juice are considered healthy

Nutrition for obesity and diabetes is based on significant restriction of carbohydrates. This also applies to sweet fruits. The permissible amount depends on the degree of carbohydrate metabolism disorder. If you have diabetes, choose fruits with a low glycemic index (GI less than 55 is considered low). Such fruits include: grapefruits, lingonberries, cherry plums, apples, apricots, cranberries, plums, cherries, peaches, sea buckthorn, currants, gooseberries. The permissible daily intake of these fruits is 200 g.

Patients should maintain a healthy intestinal microflora, since the quality of digestion and the absorption of substances depend on this. The quality of microflora improves with a sufficient amount of fiber and consumption of fermented foods (sauerkraut and other pickled vegetables, beet kvass, kombucha, pickled fruits).

Authorized Products

• Lean fish, mussels, shrimp, squid and other low-calorie seafood, which are prepared by boiling or baking.
• Lean meat (beef, rabbit, chicken and turkey) is prepared in the same way.
• Cereals - brown rice, buckwheat, basmati rice, oatmeal. Porridge is boiled in water and the serving is 2 times smaller than usual. The frequency of porridge consumption decreases with grades 2 and 3 of the disease.
• Vegetable soups, cabbage soup, borscht, cooked in water, vegetable broth or secondary meat broth.
• Legumes with a low glycemic index can be included in the diet several times a week: green beans, soybeans, green and red lentils. Mature legumes should be limited.
• Egg whites.
• Grain bread and yeast-free bread with bran.
• Cashews and peanuts, which have a GI of 15, can sometimes be enjoyed as an addition to salads.
• Vegetables and fruits in general 500 g per day. In addition to fruits, you can eat dried apricots and prunes, which have a GI of 40, bran, sesame and flax seeds as a source of fiber.
• Preferred vegetables include: green peas, all types of onions, cucumber, kohlrabi, eggplant, all types of cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Chinese cabbage, cucumbers, celery, seaweed, zucchini, green salads, radishes, radishes, turnips, sorrel ( rare if the level is elevated uric acid), vegetable tops, chard, dill, sweet peppers, parsley, mushrooms, chicory, spinach, garlic. Boiled carrots, potatoes and pumpkin have a high glycemic index and should be excluded. But you can eat raw carrots and beets.
• Low-fat cottage cheese and dairy products, this also applies to hard cheeses. To dress salads, you can use natural yogurt using 2 tablespoons. Its calorie content is several times lower than the same amount of vegetable oil.
• To dress salads, you need to use unrefined vegetable oils (olive, sesame or flaxseed, corn), but in the amount of 1 tbsp. l. Per day, given the very high calorie content.
• Weak tea with fructose, herbal teas, green tea, table water, rosehip infusion, vegetable juices with lower calorie content and unsweetened fruit juices (orange, pomegranate, apple).

Table of permitted products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Vegetables and greens
greenery	2,6	0,4	5,2	36
eggplant	1,2	0,1	4,5	24
zucchini	0,6	0,3	4,6	24
cabbage	1,8	0,1	4,7	27
broccoli	3,0	0,4	5,2	28
boiled cauliflower	1,8	0,3	4,0	29
bulb onions	1,4	0,0	10,4	41
carrot	1,3	0,1	6,9	32
cucumbers	0,8	0,1	2,8	15
salad pepper	1,3	0,0	5,3	27
radish	1,2	0,1	3,4	19
white radish	1,4	0,0	4,1	21
red radish	1,2	0,1	3,4	20
black radish	1,9	0,2	6,7	35
salad	1,2	0,3	1,3	12
beet	1,5	0,1	8,8	40
soybeans	34,9	17,3	17,3	381
asparagus	1,9	0,1	3,1	20
tomatoes	0,6	0,2	4,2	20
Jerusalem artichoke	2,1	0,1	12,8	61
pumpkin	1,3	0,3	7,7	28
garlic	6,5	0,5	29,9	143
lentils	24,0	1,5	42,7	284
sorrel	1,5	0,3	2,9	19
Fruits
avocado	2,0	20,0	7,4	208
oranges	0,9	0,2	8,1	36
pomegranate	0,9	0,0	13,9	52
grapefruit	0,7	0,2	6,5	29
pears	0,4	0,3	10,9	42
kiwi	1,0	0,6	10,3	48
lemons	0,9	0,1	3,0	16
mango	0,5	0,3	11,5	67
tangerines	0,8	0,2	7,5	33
nectarine	0,9	0,2	11,8	48
peaches	0,9	0,1	11,3	46
apples	0,4	0,4	9,8	47
Berries
gooseberry	0,7	0,2	12,0	43
Red currants	0,6	0,2	7,7	43
black currant	1,0	0,4	7,3	44
Mushrooms
mushrooms	3,5	2,0	2,5	30
Nuts and dried fruits
sesame	19,4	48,7	12,2	565
flax seeds	18,3	42,2	28,9	534
fenugreek seeds	23,0	6,4	58,3	323
Cereals and porridges
buckwheat (kernel)	12,6	3,3	62,1	313
oat groats	12,3	6,1	59,5	342
cereals	11,9	7,2	69,3	366
millet cereal	11,5	3,3	69,3	348
Dairy
skim milk	2,0	0,1	4,8	31
natural yogurt 2%	4,3	2,0	6,2	60
Cheeses and cottage cheese
cottage cheese 0.6% (low fat)	18,0	0,6	1,8	88
curd tofu	8,1	4,2	0,6	73
Meat products
beef	18,9	19,4	0,0	187
rabbit	21,0	8,0	0,0	156
Bird
chicken fillet	23,1	1,2	0,0	110
turkey	19,2	0,7	0,0	84
Fish and seafood
fish	18,5	4,9	0,0	136
squid	21,2	2,8	2,0	122
mussels	9,1	1,5	0,0	50
seaweed	0,8	5,1	0,0	49
Oils and fats
linseed oil	0,0	99,8	0,0	898
olive oil	0,0	99,8	0,0	898
sunflower oil	0,0	99,9	0,0	899
Non-alcoholic drinks
green tea	0,0	0,0	0,0	-

Fully or partially limited products

First of all, food for overweight should not contain:

• Products with a high glycemic index.
• Fast food (fried pies, French fries, chips, etc.), which is not only a high-calorie product, but also contains a dangerous dose carcinogens, since the oil for its preparation is used several dozen times.
• Fatty pork, duck, goose, trans fats, animal fats, smoked meats, canned food in oil, sausages, palm and coconut oil.
• Fried foods due to their high calorie content. The calorie content of these products increases by 1.3 times.
• Fatty dairy products.
• White rice, pasta, semolina, dough products.
• Baking from any dough.
• Confectionery, ice cream.
• Limit salt.

Table of prohibited products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Vegetables and greens
beans	6,0	0,1	8,5	57
beans	7,8	0,5	21,5	123
Fruits
bananas	1,5	0,2	21,8	95
Berries
grape	0,6	0,2	16,8	65
Nuts and dried fruits
nuts	15,0	40,0	20,0	500
raisin	2,9	0,6	66,0	264
cashew	25,7	54,1	13,2	643
sunflower seeds	20,7	52,9	3,4	578
Cereals and porridges
semolina	10,3	1,0	73,3	328
white rice	6,7	0,7	78,9	344
Flour and pasta
pasta	10,4	1,1	69,7	337
Confectionery
jam	0,3	0,2	63,0	263
jam	0,3	0,1	56,0	238
candies	4,3	19,8	67,5	453
pastry cream	0,2	26,0	16,5	300
cookie	7,5	11,8	74,9	417
Ice cream
ice cream	3,7	6,9	22,1	189
Cakes
cake	4,4	23,4	45,2	407
Chocolate
chocolate	5,4	35,3	56,5	544
Raw materials and seasonings
mustard	5,7	6,4	22,0	162
mayonnaise	2,4	67,0	3,9	627
honey	0,8	0,0	81,5	329
Dairy
milk 3.6%	2,8	3,6	4,7	62
milk 4.5%	3,1	4,5	4,7	72
cream	2,8	20,0	3,7	205
sour cream 25% (classic)	2,6	25,0	2,5	248
Cheeses and cottage cheese
cheese	24,1	29,5	0,3	363
cottage cheese 11%	16,0	11,0	1,0	170
cottage cheese 18% (fat)	14,0	18,0	2,8	232
Meat products
pork	16,0	21,6	0,0	259
pork liver	18,8	3,6	0,0	108
pork kidneys	13,0	3,1	0,0	80
pork fat	1,4	92,8	0,0	841
salo	2,4	89,0	0,0	797
beef liver	17,4	3,1	0,0	98
beef kidneys	12,5	1,8	0,0	66
beef brains	9,5	9,5	0,0	124
Sausages
smoked sausage	16,2	44,6	0,0	466
smoked sausage	9,9	63,2	0,3	608
sausages	10,1	31,6	1,9	332
sausages	12,3	25,3	0,0	277
Bird
smoked chicken	27,5	8,2	0,0	184
duck	16,5	61,2	0,0	346
smoked duck	19,0	28,4	0,0	337
goose	16,1	33,3	0,0	364
Fish and seafood
smoked fish	26,8	9,9	0,0	196
salted fish	19,2	2,0	0,0	190
Red caviar	32,0	15,0	0,0	263
black caviar	28,0	9,7	0,0	203
canned fish	17,5	2,0	0,0	88
cod (liver in oil)	4,2	65,7	1,2	613
Oils and fats
butter	0,5	82,5	0,8	748
animal fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
cooking fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
Non-alcoholic drinks
instant coffee dry	15,0	3,5	0,0	94
black tea	20,0	5,1	6,9	152

* data is per 100 g of product

Menu (Power Mode)

Do not try to sharply limit all foods at once. During the adaptation period, you need to reduce portions by 2 times and eliminate flour, sweet products and sugar, and also reduce the amount of bread. Even such restrictions will produce results. After 1-2 weeks, gradually reduce the frequency of eating cereals, replacing them with vegetable side dishes.

If your diet is varied and you think through all the dishes that you can use when you feel hungry, this will help you avoid breakdowns. This could be low-fat cottage cheese, stewed zucchini, green peas, a small portion of lentils, bran bread, bran with kefir and berries, apples or grapefruits.

For children

Nutritional (constitutional-exogenous) obesity in children is characterized by uniform accumulation of adipose tissue. This form occurs in 90% under the age of one year. With age, a slight degree of excess weight occurs. During puberty, girls gain even more weight. The number of fat cells in a child depends on the genetic factor, and the size of fat cells is already influenced by the nutritional factor. Excessive nutrition during the critical puberty period leads to an increase in their size.

The difficulties in organizing nutrition for children suffering from this pathology lie in the fact that, on the one hand, the child’s body must receive vitamins, macro- and microelements, a sufficient amount of proteins. On the other hand, children prone to weight gain should be limited in their diet. This should happen through carbohydrates (mostly easily digestible) and fats.

You should offer buns, candies, cookies, jam and other sweets as rarely as possible. Potato dishes, pasta and dough dishes (dumplings, dumplings, pancakes, pancakes) should be included in the menu very rarely. Lamb, pork, beef fats and margarine should be excluded. Vegetables and unsweetened fruits should prevail in the diet.

Of course, it turns out that with such restrictions, nutrition becomes hypocaloric, and a decrease in calorie content causes the consumption of fat from the depot. In the early stages of the disease, metabolism is normalized more easily and quickly and weight is reduced. Typically, caloric intake is reduced by 200-600 kcal. You should not sharply limit or quickly reduce caloric intake. This may cause weakness in the child and headache.

The diet for obese children includes:

• Meals 6 times a day and in small portions. Breaks between meals of 2.5-3 hours suppress the feeling of hunger and reduce appetite, so the child will not eat a large amount of food at the next meal.
• Dinner is no later than 19:00 and should be light.
• High calorie foods should be given in the first half of the day. Breakfast and lunch can consist of meat and fish dishes, and dinner can consist of vegetable and dairy dishes.
• Eating slowly and chewing thoroughly. At the same time, the feeling of fullness comes faster, and the child will not overeat.

Children's dietary food should include the age-specific norm of protein obtained from cottage cheese, yogurt, meat, fish, kefir, and milk. Three-year-old children should eat 80 g of meat per day, preschoolers - 100 g, from 7-12 years old up to 150 g of meat. Cottage cheese should be present in the diet daily in an amount of 50-80 g. Dairy products in an amount of 400-600 ml.

Vegetable juices are useful because they are lower in calories: tomato, beet, carrot, cabbage or a mixture of juices. Soups should be cooked vegetarian, and once a week in weak meat broth. To diversify a child’s diet, steamed meatballs, cutlets, dumplings and meatballs are prepared from fish and meat.

Dietary meals for obese children and the technology for their preparation can be found in reference books on therapeutic nutrition. Of course, not many children like vegetables, but perhaps from the list of dishes you will be able to choose the most suitable for your child.

You can prepare vegetable stew, eggplant sauté, carrots with béchamel sauce, cabbage casserole, cabbage, carrot, beet or zucchini cutlets, cabbage schnitzel, boiled fish with zucchini and low-fat sour cream, fish cutlets with vegetable garnish, cottage cheese with herbs, omelette with green beans or zucchini (tomatoes). For dessert, you can offer cranberry or lemon jelly with xylitol.

Older children are prescribed fasting days once a week with a caloric food content of 600-800 kcal. These can be standard fasting diets: dairy, apple, cottage cheese, kefir. Treatment with hunger is contraindicated, since catabolic processes intensify in the child’s body, and this can inhibit growth and disrupt the maturation of the body.

The child’s physical activity is also an important therapeutic factor. Physical activity significantly increases metabolic rate and accelerates weight loss.

Advantages and disadvantages

Reviews and results

This healthy diet should be constantly followed by the sick. Small deviations from the diet are possible. However, with eating disorders, weight loss may slow down. The reviews note positive aspects: weight decreases, swelling disappears and constipation. By following it, you can significantly improve your health. In cases of severe obesity, nutrition should be adjusted by an endocrinologist and nutritionist. It may take 1-1.5 months to lose weight, but it is important that losing weight does not turn into torture, and that the achieved weight does not increase again.

• “... I can say that for very fat people who are used to eating a lot of high-calorie foods, it is very difficult to follow a diet. So it is with me. I’ve been doing it for four months now - the process is going well, but it’s difficult for me. Low-calorie meals make you feel hungry after 1.5 hours and you have to eat again. All sorts of supplements such as MCC, Stroynitin, Garcinia. When the endocrinologist prescribed Meridia, she felt better and was able to take breaks for 3-3.5 hours, began to eat less and the weight shifted. I eat fish, vegetables, turkey, cottage cheese, eat porridge 3 times a week, and drink kefir. Result in 4 months minus 8 kg. The doctor says that the result is good and it is impossible to lose weight faster. With such a diet, he recommended taking vitamins, since irritability periodically sets in and there is often a bad mood”;
• “... The weight loss process became more effective when I began to pay attention to the glycemic index of foods. The doctor recommended it to me because I had an elevated level of insulin in my blood. I should have been examined a long time ago, because I’ve been on diets for a long time and often, but it’s of little use. Moreover, the weight returns after 1-1.5 months. The nutritionist outlined the diet and said that you need to eat this way all the time due to carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Calorie intake should be kept at 1200 kcal and eat low-calorie foods (non-starchy vegetables, eggs, meat, fish, chicken, low-fat cottage cheese and milk, cereals). In 2 months, walking 3 km daily, I lost 5 kg. The result is good, but I think that later the weight loss will slow down”;
• “... I’ve been on a diet for 2 months, I can’t stand the lack of sweets and starchy foods well. For fat women, it is important not to use them. I try not to commit any violations, but I do it all with anguish and stress. Even fruits and berries don't help. The doctor recommended taking Liprin and calming herbs. It really helped, as my appetite decreased and my cravings for sweets went away. I finish the package and then go to the appointment. I believe that if you are overweight, you cannot do without special medications. I eat chicken breast, fish, various salads. In the summer this can be done without problems, but in the winter you will have to buy frozen vegetable mixtures and prepare a stew. In winter, grapefruits and oranges will help out. I use mushrooms everywhere - in omelettes, warm salads, soups and borscht.”

Diet price

Food is relatively inexpensive if you don’t eat seafood every day. A large number of vegetables and fruits in the diet in winter can slightly increase the cost of food. It can reach 1600-1700 rubles. in Week.

NOTE! The information about diets on the site is for reference and general information, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision about their use. Before using the diet, be sure to consult a dietitian.

There are not so many effective and safe drugs to combat excess weight. The bulk of what the Internet offers us in this regard either does not have the properties described in the manufacturer’s instructions, or may be effective, but cause some harm to health. Both are dangerous. The use of “dummies” makes a person become disillusioned with treatment and give up, and dangerous drugs make a person treat new pathologies caused by taking these miracle drugs.

Effective treatment is unlikely to be possible if the patient’s emotional and mental state leaves much to be desired, which is often observed when working with people who are significantly overweight. Therefore, psychotherapy sessions are often used along with other therapeutic measures.

Diet for obesity 2nd degree

Since obesity is a consequence of unhealthy eating behavior, no treatment will be effective without its correction. Let's put it another way, many nutritionists agree that diet for stage 2 obesity is the main method of combating the disease and is equated to medical procedures.

There is simply no universal diet that would help everyone lose extra pounds equally effectively. Sometimes you have to try several diets until you settle on the one that gives the greatest weight loss. The choice of diet should be based on the nutritional characteristics of stage 2 obesity.

The main points that you need to rely on when choosing an effective diet are the following requirements:

• The food should be simple but with sufficient nutritional value. The patient’s body should not suffer from a lack of vitamins, microelements, essential amino acids, etc.
• A large amount of fiber in foods and dishes will help cleanse the intestines and speed up the process of weight loss.
• Low calorie food, as a necessary condition for weight loss, is a common condition for all diets.
• The patient’s diet should not contain sweet carbonated drinks (they are replaced with mineral water and natural compotes of fruits and berries), honey and sweets, ice cream, high-calorie desserts, fatty meats and fish, sausages and smoked meats, canned food, pickles, hot seasonings and sauces , alcoholic drinks.
• It is necessary to minimize the consumption of sugar and salt, oil and fats (giving preference to vegetable oils), dough products (especially puff pastry, yeast and shortbread), fried and hearty dishes. Dairy products should be very low in fat, ideally low-fat. Fruits are low in sugar. It is better to take gray or black bread and preferably with bran.
• Portions should be significantly smaller than usual, and the frequency of meals should be increased to 6 times a day.
• Fresh vegetables and non-sweetened fruits rich in fiber, green leafy vegetables and root vegetables rich in vitamins and microelements, low-fat dairy products, and green tea are healthy.
• Fasting days. They are required to cleanse the body of harmful wastes and toxins that interfere with weight loss. On this day, the patient should eat only certain foods. The best option is apple and cottage cheese day (but the cottage cheese should be low-fat). You can also sit on vegetables for a day, with the exception of potatoes.

The daily diet should contain much fewer calories than before, and nevertheless the figure should not be lower than 1200 kcal.

Here is an approximate diet menu for stage 2 obesity, not forgetting that the frequency of meals increases and portions are reduced by half compared to usual:

1 breakfast:

• boiled meat, sauerkraut (not pickled!),
• coffee (with milk, but without sugar, sweetener - xylitol).

2 breakfast:

• skim cheese,
• green tea without sugar.

Dinner:

• borscht in vegetable broth without meat,
• boiled chicken meat, boiled or baked vegetables,
• compote of unsweetened fruits and berries.

Afternoon snack:

• large apple (fresh or baked)

1 dinner:

• boiled or baked potatoes,
• lean fish (boiled, baked or steamed)

2 dinner (light snack at night)

• A glass of kefir with zero fat content.

Nutrition for stage 2 obesity, despite its fairly low calorie content, should still be varied. Instead of borscht, you can eat soup or vegetable stew, instead of baked potatoes, make a carrot casserole or a salad of boiled beets and low-fat sour cream, etc.

You need to eat more unsweetened fruits and raw vegetables (if possible), include in your diet a small amount of fiber-rich cereals (oatmeal, rice, buckwheat), eggs, and low-fat dairy products.

The main thing with stage 2 obesity is the desire to lose weight. This means you will have to be patient, teaching yourself to eat little by little and only healthy food.

Physical activity for stage 2 obesity

The diet itself, no matter how effective it may be, is unlikely to give a positive result if a patient with degree 2 obesity does not pay due attention to physical activity. Moreover, in this situation, not only special exercises play an important role, but also ordinary daily walks, swimming, hiking, cycling and even active work in the country.

As for physical exercises for stage 2 obesity, you can choose them yourself. Still, we are not talking about correcting individual parts of the body, but about losing weight as a whole, which means that any physical activity will be useful. But you can also entrust the matter to a specialist who will select a set of exercises that will help you get rid of extra pounds as quickly as possible, and not allow self-pity to overpower common sense and the desire to be healthy.

In addition, for grade 2 obesity, as with any disease, it is better to select exercise therapy taking into account the patient’s age and state of health, since moderate and severe obesity is often already accompanied by the development of various diseases. Only a doctor can choose effective exercises taking into account the characteristics of the body. In this case, you will have to exercise from 3 to 5 times a week and at least half an hour a day.

Walking, water procedures, elements of gymnastics are the best start to the day for overweight people. Physical activity during the day and visits to gyms and fitness clubs, where an experienced instructor will also provide all possible assistance in the fight against excess weight, will help reinforce their effect.

For obese children, parents should serve as role models for physical activity. Only they can interest the child to move actively, organizing walks in the fresh air, hiking, active recreation near the water, involving him in outdoor games and work.

Drug therapy for obesity

Doctors prescribe medications for grade 2 obesity with reluctance and only in cases where diet and physical activity do not give a visible positive result, and excess weight threatens the development of dangerous health pathologies.

Drug treatment for obesity is somewhat trial and error. There are simply no drugs in the world that are equally effective for all patients to help get rid of extra pounds. And here it is the specialist’s task to select exactly those medications that will give the best result.

There are 2 groups of drugs that help effectively fight excess weight:

• Anorectics are drugs that affect the human brain, in particular the satiety center located in the hypothalamus. They dull the feeling of hunger, reduce appetite, making it easier to tolerate food restrictions suggested by the diet. In our country, drugs based on sibutramine are common: Reduxin, Lindaxa, Meridia, Slimia, Goldline; drugs based on amfepramone (Fepranon) and phenylpropanolamine (Dietrin) are less commonly prescribed.
• Fat and carbohydrate blockers. These medications interfere with the absorption of fats and carbohydrates, responsible for weight gain, in the intestines. And although their effectiveness has been proven even with a normal diet, in case of obesity of the 2nd degree they will give a decent result only in combination with diet and physical activity. The most popular medications are those based on orlistat: the drug of the same name “Orlistat”, “Xenical”, “Orsoten”, “Listata”, etc., as well as dietary supplements such as “Chitosan”, “Reduxin-Lite”, etc.

Effective medications for stage 2 obesity

One of the most popular drugs from the group of anorectics used for obesity are Reduxin capsules. They are prescribed if BMI exceeds 30 kg/m2, which is observed in grade 2 obesity.

Reduxin

It is considered a combination drug, since its effect is due not to one, but to two main components - sibutramine and monocrystalline cellulose. The first affects the receptors responsible for satiety and appetite, and cellulose, due to its pronounced sorption and some detoxification properties, effectively cleanses the body, and the intestines in particular, from harmful microorganisms and their metabolic products, waste, toxins, allergens and other unnecessary substances, promoting rapid weight loss.

"Reduxin" is a serious drug that affects the brain. Prescribing it to yourself is a big health risk, because like every similar drug, Reduxin, in addition to individual intolerance to the drug, has many other contraindications for use. These include multiple heart diseases, circulatory disorders in the brain, excess thyroid hormones, severe kidney or liver pathologies, and angle-closure glaucoma.

This medicine is not prescribed to men for prostate adenoma. It is also prohibited to take the drug for such a rare disease as pheochromocytoma.

The drug should not be prescribed to pregnant women or those who are breastfeeding. It is also contraindicated in patients under 18 years of age, as well as in elderly people aged 65 years and older.

"Reduxin" is not prescribed to persons who have a pathological dependence, either medicinal, drug or alcoholic.

Taking the drug should not be combined with therapy with other centrally acting drugs used for weight correction, taking MAO inhibitors (at least 14 days must pass after the end of their therapy), drugs that affect the psyche and central nervous system, drugs for the correction of sleep disorders based on tryptophan.

Therapy with Reduxin should be carried out under the supervision of a medical specialist after a thorough examination of the patient. This is a necessary requirement, since the drug has several other contraindications related to the cause of weight gain. So the medicine is not prescribed if there are organic causes of obesity associated with internal pathologies, and not with banal overeating (the same hypothyroidism).

It would be inappropriate, and even dangerous, to take the drug for such severe eating pathologies as anorexia nervosa or bulimia, mental disorders, motor tics (Tourette's syndrome).

In this case, treatment should begin with a dosage of 10 mg (the optimal daily dose if well tolerated, which can be halved if necessary). Ideally, the determination of the required dose in the treatment of stage 2 obesity should be determined by the doctor, but not by the patient himself.

Taking the drug should be combined with diet and physical activity, as well as constant monitoring of changes in body weight. If during a month of drug therapy the patient’s weight has decreased by less than 5%, they switch to treatment with a drug with a higher dosage (15 mg).

A three-month course of therapy with Reduxin is indicative, during which the patient’s body weight should decrease by at least 5%. If this is not observed, it is more advisable to look for other methods of combating excess weight.

The duration of the therapeutic course is determined by the doctor, based on the results obtained and the patient’s health condition, but in any case it should not exceed 2 years.

Taking the drug may be accompanied by multiple side effects, which are often observed during the first month of treatment with Reduxin and are not dangerous or irreversible. You may experience dry mucous membranes, headaches, drowsiness, and itching of the skin. Some patients complain of nausea and lack of appetite, constipation, apathy or restlessness, numbness of the limbs, cramps, and swelling. Heart patients experience increased heart rate and increased heart rate and blood pressure. Increased risk of bleeding. Women complain of pain during menstruation. Some note the development of a flu-like syndrome.

All unwanted symptoms should be reported to your doctor. In this case, it is necessary to regularly (once every 2 weeks) measure blood pressure and heart rate. If taking the drug causes an increase in blood pressure, it must be discontinued.

Since only anoretic drugs based on sibutramine have become widespread in our country, all of the above can be applied to the drugs Lindaxa, Goldline, Meridia, and others with a similar composition.

Another thing is drugs that block the absorption of fats and carbohydrates. Here there is already a diversity in both composition and mechanisms of action.

Here you can highlight drugs that prevent the absorption of fats and carbohydrate blockers. The first group includes drugs based on orlistat (Orlistat, Xenical, Orsoten, etc.), as well as most dietary supplements (the same popular Chitosan, dietary supplement Reduxin Light). Among the drugs of the second group, it is worth highlighting the hypoglycemic drug "Glucobay" based on acobase, drugs based on metformin ("Glucophage", "Gliformin", "Siofor", etc.), the hypolipidemic drug "Lipobay" with the active ingredient cerivastatin, an enterosorbent used for treatment of 2nd degree obesity even in children, "Polyphepan".

Xenical

It is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs that limit fat absorption. Its action is based on blocking the production of the digestive enzyme lipase, which is responsible for the digestion of dietary fats (their breakdown and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract). Thus, fats are excreted from the body in practically unchanged form.

Xenical is not absorbed into the blood, but acts directly in the gastrointestinal tract.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are: cholestasis (or stagnation of bile, deficiency of its flow into the duodenum), chronic malabsorption syndrome, when nutrients and vitamins from food are absorbed in insufficient quantities, and, of course, individual intolerance to the drug. With epilepsy, an increase in the frequency of convulsive seizures is possible.

Directions for use and dosage. It is recommended to take the drug during meals or no later than an hour after it. A single dose of the drug is 120 mg of orlistat (1 capsule). The frequency of administration depends on the number of meals per day, since the drug must be taken with each main meal. It is recommended to limit the consumption of foods containing significant amounts of fats, proteins and carbohydrates to 3 times a day. In this case, taking the drug is limited to 3 capsules per day.

If for some reason the patient does not eat within the allotted time, taking the drug at this time is considered optional. The same can be said about eating low-calorie foods with minimal fat and carbohydrates.

There is no point in consuming more than 3 capsules per day as this treatment does not provide better results.

The drug is used with great caution for the treatment of grade 2 obesity in children under 12 years of age and patients with liver and kidney dysfunction.

Despite the small number of contraindications, the drug nevertheless has a significant number of side effects. The most common symptoms are: bloating, changes in the appearance of stool (oily stool) and stool frequency (more frequent urge to defecate, fecal incontinence), discomfort (pain of varying intensity, feeling of heaviness) in the abdomen, headaches. Women complain about disruptions in the menstrual cycle.

Less common are nonspecific symptoms such as respiratory and urinary tract infections, inflammation of the gum mucosa, damage to the integrity of teeth, fatigue and anxiety. Allergic reactions of varying severity are common (rash, swelling of the throat mucosa, bronchospasm, anaphylactic reactions). In rare cases, the development of pathologies such as pancreatitis, hepatitis, diverticulitis, and nephropathy is observed.

Reduxin Light

A dietary supplement for combating excess weight based on conjugated linoleic acid and vitamin E. It also blocks the absorption of fats, due to which, with effective diet therapy and sufficient physical activity, weight loss is achieved.

Despite the fact that this drug is not a complete medicine, it has its contraindications for use. These are chronic cardiac pathologies, periods of pregnancy and lactation, age under 18 years, hypersensitivity to dietary supplement components.

The therapeutic course lasts from 1 to 2 months. Moreover, such courses must be taken at least 3 times a year with an interval between courses of at least 1 month.

Side effects of the drug are not described in the instructions for it. Nevertheless, there is confirmed information indicating a connection between dietary supplements and the development of pathologies such as diabetes mellitus, cholelithiasis and urolithiasis, and hypervitaminosis.

Glucobay

A drug that blocks the absorption of carbohydrates. Acarbose in the drug blocks the production of alpha-glucosidase in the pancreas, which is responsible for the breakdown of sugar into glucose and fructose. This causes complex sugars to lose their ability to be absorbed in the intestines and enter the bloodstream. This action is effective both for diabetes mellitus and for the treatment of excess weight, in particular degree 2 obesity.

Take Glucobay in a daily dosage of 300 mg. The frequency of administration is 3 times a day. It is better to take the tablet immediately before meals or chew it with food.

If the effect is insufficient after 1-2 months of therapy, the dosage can be increased to 600 mg per day.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are chronic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract with impaired absorption of nutrients, pathologies leading to flatulence, kidney failure, periods of pregnancy and lactation, age under 18 years, hypersensitivity to the drug.

Side effects include: bloating and abdominal pain, decreased bowel movements, nausea, intestinal obstructions, occasionally swelling, allergic reactions in the form of skin rashes.

Drugs called enterosorbents, which bind and remove harmful substances and toxins from the intestines, helping to quickly lose weight, also help in the treatment of many pathologies, including stage 2 obesity.

Polyphepan

A drug from a family of intestinal sorbents that are effective for lipid metabolism disorders, including obesity. It is available in the form of powder, tablets or granules for internal use.

The main contraindication to the use of the sorbent is hypersensitivity to the drug. However, it is undesirable to use it in case of exacerbation of gastric and duodenal ulcers, intestinal atony and gastritis occurring against the background of low acidity of gastric juice.

The daily dose for the drug in powder and granules is calculated based on the ratio: 0.5-1 grams per kilogram of weight per day. The daily dose is divided into 3-4 doses.

The duration of treatment can range from 3 to 14 days at the discretion of the doctor.

Taking the drug in rare cases may be accompanied by constipation and allergic reactions.

Other treatments for stage 2 obesity

Drug therapy for obesity will not be successful unless it is supported by a special low-calorie diet and physical fitness. But even in this case, the struggle with excess weight will continue for more than one day.

Treatment of obesity of the 2nd degree is a long process and requires willpower and a positive attitude from the patient. Often patients, not seeing results in the next couple of months, give up and become depressed. To avoid such situations, it is advisable to supplement obesity therapy with sessions of psychological assistance and the prescription of antidepressants.

In psychotherapeutic classes and hypnosis sessions, patients are taught not only to think critically about their problem, but also to develop correct eating habits, self-control while eating, the ability to resist their desires and the environment during feasts, the ability to deal with stress without resorting to food, etc. .d.

Physiotherapeutic treatment of obesity also shows good results, which, according to experts, ranks second among other methods of treating obesity of degrees 1, 2 and 3. The goal of physiotherapy is to correct the functioning of the endocrine system, normalize metabolism, and stimulate the body’s internal forces to fight pathology.

We have already mentioned the benefits of exercise therapy as one of the methods of physiotherapy above. It is also worth noting such a point as bicycle ergometer tests, which are necessary due to the fact that the body’s reserve forces decline with the increasing degree of obesity.

Massage is an excellent addition to physical therapy, helping to increase tone and relieve fatigue. Sweating procedures also have a good effect (in the absence of cardiovascular pathologies). Examples of such procedures are light, steam and mud baths, wet wraps, paraffin baths, hot procedures (for example, bathhouse, sauna).

It is also important to carry out hydro- and balneo-procedures in this regard. For example, contrast baths with a course of 15-18 procedures carried out daily, sulfide, carbon dioxide, radon, sea, iodine-bromine baths. Various showers have also become widespread in cases of obesity of the 2nd degree: Charcot's shower (from 10 to 16 procedures with a water temperature of 30-35 degrees and a jet pressure of 1.5 to 3 atmospheres, procedure duration 3-7 minutes), underwater shower-massage, fan shower, etc.

A wide variety of physiotherapeutic procedures contributes to effective weight loss in obesity. Unfortunately, not all of them are available in medical institutions, therefore, with stage 2 obesity, patients are often sent to specialized sanatoriums equipped with a variety of equipment for various physiotherapeutic procedures. For example, for climatotherapy (aero-, helio-, thalassotherapy), hyperbaric oxygenation, oxygen foam. In parallel with this, mineral water is taken, which reduces the resorption of dietary fats (Essentuki 4 or 20, Narzan, Borjomi, etc.).

Traditional treatment of obesity 2nd degree

Drug treatment of any disease is fraught with the development of various side effects, which are often more dangerous than the disease itself. Therefore, many patients are looking for an alternative to such treatment in traditional medicine recipes. And there is something in this, especially when it comes to the treatment of stage 2 obesity, which in itself is not as dangerous to health as anorectic drugs used to reduce appetite.

But you can also reduce your appetite with the help of traditional medicines. A decoction of corn silk perfectly reduces appetite. To prepare the medicinal composition, take 10 g of raw material and pour a glass of boiling water, then boil for half an hour and leave to cool. The strained broth is taken 4 times a day before meals, 3 tbsp. spoons.

Oat decoction (whole grain, not flakes) also helps fight excess weight. To prepare it, 2 tbsp. spoons of grain are boiled in a liter of water in the evening until tender. Leave to infuse until morning, then filter and drink half a glass three times a day.

To combat excess weight, ginger tea with honey is also effective, which is best prepared on the basis of natural green tea, adding an infusion of ginger root to it.

Another tasty and healthy drink is chamomile tea with lemon (use half a lemon for 1 glass of tea).

Fasting days with fruit and vegetable juices will also help you fight weight; lemon juice is also effective for weight loss.

In many cases, herbal treatment can perfectly replace drug treatment for stage 2 obesity. Chamomile, lemon balm, mallow, senna, nettle and other herbs will be effective.

Homeopathy for obesity

Homeopathy is considered one of the relatively safe methods of treating stage 2 obesity. And here we already find a wide selection of drugs that help fight both the underlying disease and its consequences.

In case of nutritional obesity due to overeating and consumption of high-calorie foods, the drugs Nux vomica, Ignacy, Acidum phosphoricum and Anacardium will be effective.

If there are disorders of fat metabolism, a homeopathic doctor may prescribe remedies such as Thuja, Pulsatilla, Fucus or Graphitis.

In addition to the main homeopathic medicines, drainage agents are prescribed to help enhance the effect of the former and speed up the result. Such drugs include Lycopodium, Taraxacum, Solidago, Carduus marianus.

Treatment with homeopathic remedies also takes into account concomitant diseases. Thus, for cardiac pathologies, Arnica or Lachesis can be prescribed, for gastrointestinal diseases - Calcium carbonicum, for diseases of the respiratory system - Ipecac or Kalium iodate, etc.

Good reviews from doctors and patients about specific drugs, such as “Grace” (5 granules 3 times a day half an hour before meals) and “Dietol compositum” (8 granules 5 times a day half an hour before meals or an hour after it) . But these medications must also be prescribed by a homeopathic doctor, who takes into account not only the existing diseases, but also the characteristics of the patient’s body.

• Therapeutic diet for obesity
• Diet 8 for obesity
• Diet for obesity 1st degree
• Diet for obesity 2nd degree
• Diet for obesity 3rd degree
• Diet for obesity 4 degrees
• Diet for fatty liver
• Children's diet for obesity
• Three best fasting days

What is obesity?

Obesity is a disease characterized by excessive fat deposition and, as a result, excessive development of adipose tissue. The main factor influencing weight gain is the discrepancy between the intake of calories into the human body and their expenditure. There are also other reasons for the occurrence of this dangerous disease, namely: endocrine disorders, hereditary constitutional predisposition, some physiological conditions (pregnancy, lactation, menopause), professional activity.

Today, over a billion people in the world are overweight and in one of the 4 stages of obesity. In Russia, 50% of women and 30% of men suffer from this, in Germany - every second resident, in Britain and North America - every third, in the USA - every fifth. Excess weight is determined quite simply and the Quetelet index is used for this. It is calculated by dividing a person's mass by the square of his height in meters (weight in kg/height in m2).

Weight is considered normal when the index is: for women – 19-24, for men – 20-25, an indicator above this indicates excess fat deposits. At stage I of obesity, the actual body weight exceeds the ideal by no more than 15-29%, at stage II - 30-49%, at stage III - 50-100%, at stage IV - more than 100%.

Therapeutic diet for obesity

Many special diets for obesity have been developed to treat overweight patients. All of them are based on the principle of reducing the energy value of the diet due to easily digestible fats and carbohydrates with a normal protein content. Foods that stimulate the appetite, table salt (up to 3g) and liquid (up to 1.0-1.2l) are limited. Small meals, 5-6 times a day. To provide the patient with a feeling of fullness, food must contain a lot of indigestible carbohydrates (fiber), and it should be served boiled, stewed or baked. Animal fats are replaced with vegetable oils.

Energy value of therapeutic diet options:

Products that can be consumed without restrictions:

Cabbage (all types)

Cucumbers, tomatoes

Lettuce, greens

Zucchini, eggplant

• Green beans

  Radish, radish, turnip

  Green peas (young)

  Spinach, sorrel

  Tea, coffee without sugar and cream

  Mineral water

  Lean meat (white chicken, turkey, veal, beef)

Vegetables can be consumed raw, boiled, baked, or steamed.

The use of fats (butter, mayonnaise, sour cream) in the preparation of vegetable dishes is not allowed

Foods to eat in moderation:

Milk and dairy products (low-fat)

Cheeses less than 30% fat

Cottage cheese less than 5% fat

Potatoes (no more than 6 tbsp per serving)

Corn

Mature legumes (peas, beans, lentils) (no more than 6 tbsp per serving)

Cereals (no more than 6 tbsp per serving)

Pasta (no more than 6 tbsp per serving)

Bread and bakery products (not rich; coarse bread is preferable, 1 k.)

Fruits (except bananas, dates and grapes)

! “Moderate amount” means half of your usual serving.

Products that need to be excluded or limited as much as possible:

Butter

Vegetable oil (1 tbsp/day)

Sour cream, cream

Cheeses with more than 30% fat content

Cottage cheese more than 5% fat

• Fatty meat (pork, lamb, chicken legs)

  Smoked meats

  Sausages, frankfurters, wieners

  Bird skin

  Canned meat, fish and vegetable in oil

  Nuts, seeds

  Sugar, honey

  Jams

  Candies, chocolate

  From fruits: bananas, dates, grapes

  Pastries, cakes and other confectionery products

  Cookies, pastry products

  Ice cream

  Sweet drinks (Coca-Cola, Fanta)

  Alcoholic drinks

Cooking methods such as frying should be avoided.

Try to use cookware that allows you to cook food without adding fat (steamer).

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Diet 8 for obesity

This diet is used for varying degrees of obesity to reduce a person’s weight and restore impaired water-salt and lipid metabolism. It uses only low-calorie foods. For example, seafood contains large amounts of organic iodine and essential amino acids. Protein foods - low-fat cottage cheese, cod and vegetable oil - ideally combine amino acids, vitamins and a sufficient amount of unsaturated fatty acids.

Food
Bread and flour products	Wheat bread, black and with bran. Allowable consumption is up to 150g per day.
	Mainly vegetable or fruit, from unsweetened fruits. It is allowed to consume vegetable soups with weak meat broth 2-3 times a week. The amount of soup is up to 250g per day.
	It is advisable to use buckwheat, oatmeal and barley cereals in the form of crumbly porridges.
	Low-fat types of fish (pike perch, cod) up to 150-200g per day, boiled or baked. Seafood.
Meat and poultry	Lean meats, chicken, turkey, rabbit up to 150g per day, boiled, stewed or baked.
	1-2 eggs per day, hard-boiled, egg white omelettes.
	Any dishes made from raw, boiled, stewed and baked vegetables. Potatoes are consumed limitedly, up to 200g per day.
Dairy	Cottage cheese, milk and low-fat fermented milk products. Sour cream is only added to dishes.
Fruits and berries	Fruits of sweet and sour varieties, boiled and raw. Jelly, mousses and compotes with xylitol and sorbitol.
	Green tea, coffee with milk, vegetable and fruit (unsweetened) juices, rose hip decoction.
Sauces and spices	Sauces based on weak vegetable and meat broths with dill and parsley. Spices: vanillin, cinnamon, turmeric.
	Vegetable oil in dishes, butter - in limited quantities.

Diet for obesity 1st degree

A person at this stage does not yet consider extra pounds a disease; he usually does not have any complaints. For this category of people, the norm is high physical and mental stress. Only a part of them may complain of general weakness and increased fatigue.

If you do not start getting rid of excess fat deposits during this period, then in the future this can lead to the development of diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinemia, ovarian hypofunction (in women), and menstrual irregularities. To avoid such complications, active movement during the day and a balanced diet are recommended. It should consist of 60% proteins (including those of animal origin), 25% vegetable fats, 5-8 g of salt and up to 1.2 liters of liquid daily.

Sugar is completely excluded, except that you can use its substitutes. All dishes are prepared without salt; they are added separately. You should eat food at least 6 times a day, little by little.

1st breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese (100g), stewed carrots (200g), coffee with milk without sugar (200g).

2nd breakfast: apple or fresh cabbage salad without salt with a spoon of sour cream (170g).

Dinner: vegetable borscht (200g), stewed cabbage (150g), boiled meat (90g), dried fruit compote without sugar (200g).

Afternoon snack: low-fat cottage cheese (100g), rosehip decoction (200g).

Dinner: boiled fish, for example, pike perch (100g), vegetable stew (125g), green tea (200g).

For the night: low-fat kefir (150g).

The permissible amount of bread for the whole day is 150g.

Diet for obesity 2nd degree

This period is characterized by a slow but sure gain of extra pounds. It is difficult to lose weight, but there is a guarantee that the lost kilograms will not return in the future with an active lifestyle. Treatment of this type of disease requires an integrated approach, combining moderate physical activity and thoughtful nutrition.

Diets at stages 1 and 2 of obesity are similar to each other, therefore, here too, the patient’s daily diet should contain 60% proteins, 25% vegetable fats, 4-8 g of salt and up to 1.2 liters of liquid. All products are consumed raw (vegetables and fruits), boiled, stewed and baked. The daily food intake is divided into 6 small portions.

Prohibited for use:

sweet and puff pastries, cookies,

salted and pickled vegetables, legumes,

fatty meats and sausages,

fatty fish, caviar and canned food,

baked milk and sweet fermented milk products, full-fat cottage cheese,

pasta, milk soups with pasta,

sweet juices, kvass, cocoa, lemonade,

hot and fatty sauces, mayonnaise, hot spices.

Diet for obesity 3rd degree

This stage is characterized by the stability of fat deposits and in order to lose weight a person will need complex therapy. In some advanced cases, surgery cannot be avoided. The well-being of patients sharply worsens, shortness of breath appears at the slightest physical exertion and even at rest, pain in the heart area, headaches, weakness, drowsiness, and decreased performance.

As complications, atherosclerosis, heart and joint diseases, liver and biliary tract diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, pancreatitis, and kidney stones develop. Treatment of patients is best carried out inpatiently, under the supervision of doctors and with one fasting day per week. The daily diet should include up to 80 g of proteins (70% of them of animal origin), 60 g of fats (30% of them of plant origin), 100 g of carbohydrates. The total calorie content of products should not exceed 1300 kilocalories.

Approximate diet for one day:

1st breakfast: boiled meat (90g), vegetable salad with vegetable oil (150g), coffee with milk without sugar (200g).

2nd breakfast: apple (about 100g).

Dinner: vegetarian borscht (200g), stewed cabbage (150g), boiled fish (100g), sugar-free apple compote (200g).

Afternoon snack: low-fat milk (180g).

Dinner: baked meatloaf stuffed with egg (90g), green tea (200g).

For the night: low-fat kefir (150g).

Diet for obesity 4 degrees

Patients who are 100% overweight usually require constant care. They have difficulty moving, cannot climb stairs, wash themselves in the bathroom or travel on public transport. Every step is difficult for them. Such patients have a whole bunch of serious diseases associated with excessive body weight: atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pancreatitis, Pickwickian syndrome - respiratory failure.

Obesity at stage 4 requires a comprehensive approach: a special diet and, quite possibly, surgical intervention. Treatment in a hospital, under the supervision of a doctor, is advisable.

Diet for fatty liver

Fatty liver is otherwise called fatty hepatosis, steatohepatosis or fatty degeneration. All these medical terms mean the same thing, namely, the pathological degeneration of liver cells into adipose tissue. Fatty degeneration cannot be called a fatal disease and up to a certain stage it is a reversible process. But if the disease is severely neglected, then a more disastrous result is inevitable - hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver.

A diet for liver hepatosis involves limiting the consumption of animal fats and easily digestible carbohydrates, increasing protein intake and completely avoiding flour and pasta products, sugar and alcohol. In addition, traditional medicine offers a number of herbal remedies that help rid the liver of excess fat. They are represented by decoctions and infusions of immortelle, milk thistle, rose hips, etc.

Children's diet for obesity

Physicians have recently been particularly concerned about excess fat deposits in children. In Italy, 36% of preschoolers and adolescents suffer from this, in Greece - 31%, in Spain - 27%, in the USA - 26%, in Russia - about 30%. In order not to overfeed children and save them from extra pounds, you just need to follow some recommendations:

Feed babies and teenagers at the same time, 6 times a day, little by little. The first breakfast can be at 8 a.m., and the last light meal no later than 8 p.m.

breaks between meals of 3 hours help reduce appetite and get rid of hunger,

It is advisable to offer high-calorie dishes to preschoolers and schoolchildren in the first half of the day, when they are more active. It is advisable to prepare meat and fish dishes for breakfast and lunch, and vegetable and dairy foods in the late afternoon.

Diet for a child with obesity

A growing child's body must be provided with all useful substances, including vitamins, macro and microelements, and mineral salts. However, the menu of children prone to gaining extra pounds should include limited carbohydrates, especially easily digestible ones. Lamb, beef and pork fats, as well as margarine, should be completely excluded from consumption. Sweet buns, sweets, jam and cookies should be included in the diet of children and teenagers as little as possible. But vegetables in any form and unsweetened fruits and berries are very welcome.

Juices such as tomato, beetroot, cabbage, and carrot are also beneficial for children. They must be prepared only from fresh vegetables. In addition, each child should receive the age-appropriate amount of cottage cheese, meat, fish, milk and other dairy products. For two and three year olds, 80g of meat per day is enough, for preschoolers the norm will be 100g of meat, for schoolchildren 7-12 years old - 150g of meat. The amount of cottage cheese for both preschoolers and teenagers is the same - at least 50g per day. It is recommended to give milk to preschool children 500-600 ml per day, schoolchildren - 400 ml.

Soups are cooked mainly vegetarian; no more than twice a week they can be cooked in diluted meat or fish broth. Steamed meatballs, meatballs and cutlets are prepared from boiled fish and meat. But potatoes, which contain a large percentage of starch, should be included in the menu as rarely as possible. It is also important to teach your child to eat slowly, in this case the feeling of fullness occurs faster and the baby will not overeat.

The three best fasting days - how to lose excess weight

In this article we will discuss, what diet for obesity stage 1 or 2, as well as in more severe forms - stages 3 and 4, the most effective and aimed at long-term results. Childhood obesity– this is a condition when a child’s weight exceeds the age-height standard by 15 percent. Treatment of obesity in children- this is, first of all, a whole range of measures aimed at normalizing metabolism, increasing muscle tone and strengthening, choosing a diet and products. There are four degrees of obesity in total. The first degree of obesity is characterized by excess weight by approximately 15-20 percent, the second degree of obesity is an excess of body weight by 21-50 percent, the third is 50-100 percent, and finally, the very last, fourth stage, is characterized by excess weight by more than 100 percent.

Treatment of obesity in children– this is a very long and labor-intensive process.
The basis of obesity treatment is adherence to a dietary diet, which categorically excludes overeating and city eating. Doctors prescribe a diet combined with physical activity. No medications are used for children (with the exception of stage 4 obesity). There is cholesterol control.

It should be noted that childhood obesity has two forms– primary and secondary. Most often, primary obesity is directly related to errors in nutrition, that is, overfeeding, and secondary obesity is a consequence of congenital diseases. For example, due to insufficient thyroid function. I must say, such degrees of obesity both first and second causes only psychological discomfort rather than physical. At these stages, the child has no special health complaints.

The fact is that in the early stages, structural and functional changes do not yet take effect. It seems that this just overweight, and it will not be able to harm the child’s body, but now it’s worth thinking about it and taking yourself seriously. In the first and second stages of childhood obesity, weight increases slowly but surely, which is very dangerous in terms of complications. and, consequently, the functioning of the musculoskeletal system is disrupted. Joint pain and limited mobility can be expected.

Weakness, irritation, loss of strength, bad mood, swelling and nausea in a child are problems that are closely related to the third and fourth stages of obesity. At these stages, the body changes pathologically. The cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract are particularly affected.
In modern conditions it is very difficult to overestimate influence of proper nutrition on the child's well-being. Until 8-10 years of age, no spices or seasonings are added when preparing lunch. It is best to avoid sugar. Instead, use glucose, fructose and honey. Margarine is a source of toxic trans fats. Replace margarine and butter with olive and sunflower oil. Also, you should avoid industrial mayonnaise. Do not buy semi-finished products, but rather cook your own food. Diet for obesity should be based on high-quality meat, fish and fermented milk products. Include vegetables and fruits, as well as cereals, in your diet.

As emphasized above, treatment of obesity in children It is rarely associated with the use of medications - for the effective treatment of obesity of any degree, it is important to strictly follow proper nutrition regimen and adhere to a strict diet that includes healthy foods made from natural, raw ingredients. Below you will find useful tips on following a diet for obesity degrees 1,2,3 and 4 in children, recommendations for choosing foods - first and second courses, as well as desserts and drinks for weight loss.

As you know, treatment of obesity in children- a constant process associated with strict adherence to the diet and the correct choice of high-quality, low-calorie foods included in the daily diet. Be sure to purchase an accurate floor scale to constantly monitor your child’s weight changes.
Nutrition for 1st and 2nd degree obesity, as a rule, is not associated with the exclusion of certain products (of course, high-quality ones) from the diet - it is only important to control the amount of food consumed. Diet for grade 3 and 4 obesity in children provides for the exclusion from the diet of flour and cereal dishes, sugar and many types of sweets, potatoes, confectionery and pasta.

Next article.

Losing weight up to 10 kg in 14 days.
The average daily calorie content is 960 Kcal.

Obesity is a disease that, unfortunately, affects more and more of the world's population. Over 4 billion people (just imagine the scale!) around the world have one of the stages of obesity, of which there are four in total. This disease is characterized by excessive deposition of fat in the body, which is why unnecessary adipose tissue develops. Let's find out what reasons lead to obesity, and what diet should be followed in this truly dangerous condition.

Diet requirements for obesity

The most common cause of obesity is overeating. It is a well-known fact that each person has his own calorie intake, calculated based on gender, age, physical activity and other indicators. When we exceed the standard caloric intake, body volumes do not miss the chance to increase. And so, kilogram after kilogram, if you don’t stop in time and start controlling your diet, a person is getting closer to obesity.

A low level of physical activity can also lead to this problem. Many modern people work while sitting, and in their free time they do not play sports, and they simply do not walk much. Because of this, in particular, metabolic processes slow down and fewer calories are consumed. Speaking about metabolism, it is worth noting that disturbances in its functioning can also arise due to the presence of various complications or diseases (for example, hypothyroidism - a disease of the thyroid gland).

In addition to adverse changes in appearance, obesity has many other consequences and can cause great harm to health. It often leads to cardiovascular diseases. Thus, if you exceed the standard weight by at least 10%, the risk of stroke, coronary insufficiency and many other diseases of this nature seriously increases. It is worth noting that the load on the heart muscle is increased when a person is overweight and at rest, not to mention active loads, even simple walking. Excess weight can easily lead to respiratory diseases. The more extra pounds the body accumulates, the higher the risk of apnea syndrome (as doctors call stopping breathing during sleep). In addition, obesity is often the cause of snoring.

Diabetes mellitus is also much more common in people who are overweight. Scientists have found that there is a particularly high chance of developing type 2 diabetes, called non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Also, according to scientific statistics, hypertension (high blood pressure) occurs approximately 3 times more often in overweight people.

Often, with noticeable excess weight, people also suffer from hormonal disorders. The level of growth hormone may decrease, and dishormonal disturbances may occur, threatening, for example, menstrual irregularities in women and impotence in men. Often with obesity, lumbar pain, gallbladder diseases occur, and even the risk of developing cancer increases. And this is not a complete list of problems that excess weight can cause.

As for the degrees of obesity, the first type of obesity means a condition when excess weight exceeds the permissible norm by 10-30%, the second - up to 50%, the third - up to 99%, the fourth (the most dangerous) - from 100%.

With the first or second degrees of obesity, it is still possible to cope on your own. Although consultation with a specialist is still very advisable to find out the true causes of this condition. But when a person is faced with the third and, especially, fourth degrees of obesity, it is imperative to lose weight with the help of a doctor.

As a rule, people who are obese are prescribed a weight loss technique called diet No. 8. It is also called the Soviet diet (probably because it was developed by the Soviet doctor Mikhail Perzner).

So, what foods are allowed on this diet?

Bread products: - rye and wheat bread made from coarsely ground flour; - protein-wheat and protein-bran bread. Note: Do not consume more than 100-150 g of bread per day and eat it during breakfast or lunch.

Soups:
- soups from various (preferably non-starchy) vegetables, to which you can add a little grain, without frying;
- cabbage soup, okroshka, low-fat borscht, beetroot soup;
- soups cooked in low-fat fish or vegetable broth with the addition of vegetables or lean meatballs (use them no more than two to three times a week).

Meat and poultry:
- veal, beef;
- chicken fillet;
- turkey;
- beef jelly;
- beef sausages (rare and better to cook them yourself);
- occasionally you can eat a little lamb or pork (but not more than 150 g per day).

Fish and seafood:
- all low-fat varieties of fish are allowed;
- When it comes to seafood, it is recommended to give preference to shrimp, mussels, oysters and their other friends.

Chicken eggs:
- no more than two whole pieces (with yolk) per day;
- omelets made from egg whites;
- omelettes with non-starchy vegetables.

Dairy and fermented milk products:
- milk;
- kefir;
- cottage cheese;
- fermented baked milk;
- natural yogurt, without additives and sugar;
- sour cream (you can add a little of it to dishes, literally 1-2 tsp);
- hard cheese with minimal fat content and in very limited quantities (it is not recommended to eat salty cheese such as feta).
Note: we purchase all milk with reduced fat content, ideally completely low-fat.

Cereals.
Give preference to buckwheat, barley, and pearl barley. Prepare porridge with a crumbly consistency from them.

Vegetables.
In general, all types of vegetables are allowed. Just don’t rely on starchy potatoes; in large quantities they can slow down your weight loss process. But it is recommended to focus on vegetable abundance on various types of cabbage, cucumbers, lettuce, zucchini, tomatoes, and turnips. Also, you should not eat carrots, beets, or peas in large quantities. The weight of dishes with them and potatoes should not exceed 200 g per day. You should be especially careful with any salted or pickled vegetables. They can retain water, cause swelling and make weight loss more difficult. So use them little by little; it is especially not recommended to abuse these products in the evening. And to reduce their negative impact, sauerkraut can, for example, be washed.

Snacks:
- lean meat or fish aspic;
- low-fat ham in small quantities;
- salads from various vegetables, possibly with boiled meat, fish, seafood (but without mayonnaise and other fatty sauces).

Fruits, berries.
Focus on sweet and sour products, raw and boiled, excluding starchy products as much as possible.

Sweets.
It is better to leave in your diet only jelly, homemade mousses from fruits and berries, without sugar. At most, you can sometimes use a sweetener, but do not make it a constant practice.

Sauces, spices.
In small quantities it is allowed to add tomato, weak mushroom, white vegetable sauce, and vinegar to dishes.

Fats:
- you can add vegetable oil to salads, as well as a little when stewing;
- butter is allowed to be consumed in very limited quantities. Try not to eat more than 20-30 g of it per day, turning to it at breakfast.

Beverages:
- teas of various types;
- weak black coffee, or you can add a little low-fat milk to it;
- unsweetened juices and fresh juices (vegetables, fruits and berries).

It is recommended to exclude other foods and drinks from the diet while following a diet for obesity.

You should eat 5-6 times a day. The serving weight should not exceed 200-250 g (liquid dish - 300 g). The bulk of calories should enter the body at the beginning of the day. All products that are not consumed raw should be stewed, baked, or boiled. But you should not fry it, maximum - in a dry frying pan without adding oil.

As for the duration of this diet, it is individual for everyone. It depends on the stage of obesity and how quickly the weight loss process occurs. It is better to discuss more detailed recommendations with your doctor.

Diet menu for obesity

Approximate diet for one day for obesity

Breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese and a salad of non-starchy vegetables, sprinkled with vegetable oil.
Snack: apple.
Lunch: a small portion of vegetarian borscht (possibly with low-fat sour cream); boiled lean meat; stewed white cabbage; unsweetened dried fruit compote.
Afternoon snack: low-fat cottage cheese with a glass of milk.
Dinner: boiled or baked fish; stew from non-starchy vegetables; weak tea without sugar.
At night: a glass of low-fat or low-fat kefir.

Diet contraindications for obesity

• You cannot adhere to this diet only if you have diseases or their complications that require special nutrition.
• But even in this case, it will probably be possible to develop, with the help of a qualified specialist, a technique that will help solve both problems in parallel.
• Supervision by a specialist is required for possible adjustments to the menu and the weight loss process.

Advantages of diet for obesity

1. This technique is balanced according to the set of components necessary for the body.
2. The fractional diet proposed on it helps to gradually and efficiently reduce weight, without suffering from hunger pangs and ensuring an acceleration of metabolism by feeding the body throughout the day.
3. And most importantly, this diet, as a rule, helps solve a very dangerous health problem.

Disadvantages of diet for obesity

• If you are experiencing obesity, your diet is probably far from balanced. Therefore, for many, the downside may be that you will have to largely reshape your usual diet.
• It won't be easy for those with a sweet tooth either. But without these changes it is unlikely that you will be able to lose weight. Also difficult, especially for working people, can be the fragmentation of meals.
• A diet for large excess weight requires mandatory medical supervision and monitoring of the effectiveness of the process.

Repeated diet for obesity

The decision to repeat the diet, if suddenly necessary, should be made only with your doctor.

Better yet, try to lose weight and switch to a balanced diet, leaving the basic rules of this method in your life. Then you can save the results for a long time.

Obesity, or scientifically known as metabolic syndrome, is a new global problem that humanity has faced in the last quarter of the last century. A common question nowadays is stage 2 obesity, how many kg of excess fat can be classified as a pathology.

More than 28% of the world's inhabitants are already overweight, and most of them live in only 10 countries:

• Mexico;
• Russia;
• Germany;
• India;
• Australia;
• China;
• Brazil;
• Great Britain.

The leader in the rate of obesity is the United States; overweight in this country is three times more common than in neighboring Mexico. The problem of excess weight has long reached the global level. Poor ecology, inorganic food and emotional tension force people to eat problems with fatty or carbohydrate foods.

What is the danger of metabolic syndrome?

The danger lies in the fact that an excessive amount of lipid layer accumulates in the abdominal cavity, that is, it develops. Scientists have found that such “excesses” have an active metabolic nature. They secrete various substances that trigger pathological processes in the human body. They inhibit the functioning of various body systems.

This leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and disruptions in the functioning of the hormonal system. Hormonal imbalance affects the functioning of the heart and blood vessels. In the case of diabetes, excess weight is a serious complication of the disease.

In addition, excess weight increases the load on the musculoskeletal system, especially on the joints and spine. There is a possibility of developing intervertebral hernias, which often also affect the functioning of the nervous system.

Classification of the disease

Determining whether a person is obese is very simple. It is enough to measure your waist circumference. If a woman has this figure over 88 cm, then she can be diagnosed with a real disease. Obesity in this case is simply guaranteed.

For a man, these figures should not exceed 94 cm. In other cases, you need to go to the doctor. The first stage passes very quickly, excess weight accumulates intensively.

It has 4 stages of development, which are determined based on a person’s body mass index, or BMI for short. The latter is calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the square of the height reading, which is measured in meters.

Classification of obesity development:

• The first stage is the pre-painful period. A person is slightly overweight, which is formed due to unspent calories. Usually during this phase a person does not feel any particular discomfort. BMI readings here range from 20 to 29.
• The second stage is nutritional obesity or the first degree of the disease. BMI readings range from 30 to 34 units. The lipid layer makes up up to 30% of the total body weight. In addition to the deterioration of the aesthetic perception of one’s own body, a person also experiences shortness of breath, slight swelling, and increased sweating. Rounded shapes cause discomfort when walking, including due to rubbing of the inner thighs.

• The third stage is second degree obesity. Body mass index readings range from 35 to 39 units. The percentage of the lipid layer here is already up to 50% of the total weight of a person. The patient's condition is aggravated by the appearance of serious disruptions in the functioning of the endocrine system, pain in the joints and other troubles.
• The fourth stage is the last degree of obesity, which is pathological in nature. BMI readings are over 40 units. Treatment of this stage of the disease is impossible without medical assistance. Very often, such patients undergo surgery to reduce the volume of the stomach. It helps them consume less food. This stage is often fatal if the disease is not treated.

What is stage 2 obesity?

As with all stages of metabolic syndrome, more weight gain during this stage occurs due to the consumption of excess calories that are not burned by the person. The body stores this energy fuel in the form of fat. The reasons for overeating can be different:

• busy lifestyle;
• non-compliance with diet;
• problems in personal life;

• lack of fulfillment;
• conflicts in society;
• consumption of junk food.

This stage differs from others in that excess weight begins to more clearly have a negative impact on the functioning of various organs. A person already feels these symptoms; excess weight complicates a person’s movements. First of all, this concerns the cardiovascular system. As a result, swelling, shortness of breath when moving and increased heart rate appear.

At this phase of the disease, a person can still cope with it himself, without resorting to medical help. And its unpleasant manifestations are not pathological in nature, that is, everything can still be corrected.

What is obesity and what is overweight

How does stage 2 obesity differ in women from men?

Depending on gender, the lipid layer may be located differently. In women, it is usually concentrated in the thighs and buttocks, while in men, fat accumulates in the abdominal area. The last type of arrangement of “excess” is quite dangerous, since internal organs are compressed. This causes problems with a person’s hormonal levels, and also makes him more prone to developing diabetes.

In addition, with an increase in the amount of excess weight in the stronger sex, the concentration of testosterone in the blood decreases. Progressive obesity increases the production of female hormones. These active substances cause a number of problems, for example, strong growth of mammary glands in men.

How to get rid of stage 2 obesity?

Only a nutritionist or endocrinologist can prescribe it, based on the physical characteristics of a person and his lifestyle. Using this information, they select the best option for losing excess weight. In addition to diet and exercise, your doctor may prescribe medications and procedures that will make treatment much easier.

If visiting a specialist is not yet possible, the patient should use general recommendations.

Any diet has only a short-term weight loss effect. If a person is focused on long-term results of losing weight, then he needs to apply the principles of proper and healthy nutrition in his life:

• The amount of food eaten should be divided into 5 meals: breakfast, second breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner. The time between them must be divided proportionally. This principle will allow a person not to feel hungry. The most high-calorie meal should be for breakfast, and the last meal, on the contrary, should be the lightest. Dinner may consist, for example, of stewed vegetables with fish.
• One meal should fit in a regular glass, no more. This amount of food corresponds to 200–300 grams. To control the amount of food you eat, you can purchase a special kitchen scale for your home, which will help you avoid overeating.

• The food consumed should be varied. There are many options for low-calorie foods and recipes.
• Give preference to products of plant origin: vegetables, cereals, fruits. You should not avoid eating meat or fish. You need to choose low-calorie types of such products.
• Don’t forget to drink the right amount of water, at least 1.5 liters per day. Constipation often occurs when losing weight. Nutritionists advise avoiding this situation by drinking the recommended amount of fluid.

Stage 2 is not a panacea, it is only part of the treatment for this disease. Obesity is a complex pathology of the human body, so its treatment should be approached with the utmost seriousness. Consequences of stage 2 obesity, how many extra kilos do you need to remove to improve your well-being? These questions arise in the mind of every person suffering from this degree of obesity.

Preventive measures and systematic consultations with a nutritionist and endocrinologist can restore a person’s joy of existence and also relieve the discomfort of excess weight.

Exercise for obesity

In the process of losing weight, a person’s metabolism slows down, so to lose excess weight it is recommended to exercise. They will not only help you burn extra calories, but also speed up your metabolism. In addition, by performing a certain sports complex, you can tighten sagging skin and strengthen muscles. This will make the person’s body more prominent and healthy, and excess weight will begin to disappear.

If you have stage 2 obesity, not all physical exercises can be performed, so you should consider hiring a trainer. The program he compiled will help you easily get rid of extra pounds without causing harm to your health.

The list of undesirable types of exercise includes:

• jumping on the spot or using a skipping rope due to the high risk of damaging the knee joint;
• intense fast running, which can cause unwanted arrhythmia;
• trampoline activities;
• exercises with a lot of turns;
• using heavy objects.

It is worth starting such physical activity with a significant decrease in body weight, at least to the weight norms for first-degree obesity.

For physical activity, it is better to choose:

• low-intensity running;
• moderate exercise on cardio equipment;
• water aerobics;
• swimming;
• walking;
• dancing;
• a ride on the bicycle.

Medicines for weight loss

Medicines that help you lose weight should be prescribed by your doctor. The fact is that for the most part they act on the central nervous system, where they inhibit certain areas of the brain. This method achieves a decrease in appetite and suppression of hunger; excess weight is not always amenable to such adjustment.

In addition, such drugs have a number of contraindications and dangerous side effects. For example, they can cause a certain dependence or, in the case of eating highly fatty foods, cause diarrhea. They should not be used simultaneously with antidepressants.

Herbal medicine for obesity 2nd degree

This is the safest way to help your body lose weight. During the weight loss process, a person's metabolism slows down. When using decoctions of certain herbs, it can be speeded up a little.

The following plants have proven themselves to be effective in reducing excess weight:

• Rhodiola rosea;
• Eleutherococcus;
• ginger;
• Echinacea purpurea;
• flax seeds;
• ginseng.

In addition, the pharmacy store sells ready-made herbal teas, that is, herbal teas, which have a wide range of effects on excess weight.

Obesity of the 2nd degree requires mandatory systematic treatment. To prevent the accumulation of excess weight, fasting days should be carried out, but no more than once a week.

Video: Excess weight and proper nutrition

Excess weight is a headache for many modern women and men. It is dangerous not only because it harms a beautiful appearance and an ideal figure. Extra pounds can provoke severe cardiovascular diseases, as well as liver and kidney diseases. Second-degree obesity is a serious and dangerous pathology, which for some reason is not always associated with real obesity and therefore is often not taken seriously. However, if you discover signs of this disease, you should start losing excess weight as soon as possible.

What are the causes and symptoms of second-degree obesity? How to diagnose and treat it? Are there effective and fast-acting ways to combat Let's find out. But first, let's discuss what overweight is and how many degrees of obesity there are.

Calculation of ailment

There are several stages of this disease. To identify and systematize them, there is a special table presented by WHO, from which the degree of the disease can be determined. However, to do this it is necessary to calculate your own body mass index. How to do it? This value is calculated using simple arithmetic: body weight, given in kilograms, must be divided by a number equal to human height squared (height is recorded in meters).

How do these calculations look in practice? For example, if your height is one meter and seventy centimeters, and your weight is seventy kilograms, then your body mass index is calculated as follows: 70: 2.89 = 24.22. This indicator is considered normal. This means you are not obese.

Classification

Below is a table to help determine the degree of obesity. So, second degree obesity. How many kilograms is this?

According to the coefficients given in the table, this disease is characterized by a BMI from thirty-five to forty units. Let's assume that the patient's height is one meter seventy centimeters. It turns out that in the second stage of obesity, his weight will range from one hundred two to one hundred and fifteen kilograms.

Varieties of the disease

There are several types of second-degree obesity. First of all, it is characterized by a huge fold of fat in the abdominal area, as well as shortness of breath with minimal exertion. This type of disease affects people aged fifty years and above who lead a sedentary lifestyle.

Exogenous-constitutional obesity is diagnosed in those who eat a lot of sweets and fatty foods. It is easier to cure, since it is not associated with hormonal and other disorders in the body.

Visceral obesity is a very dangerous type as it is caused by fat deposits on the internal organs (heart, kidneys, liver). This pathology can provoke the development of diabetes and other serious chronic diseases.

Symptoms of the disease

Are there other visible manifestations of the disease besides excess body weight? Signs of second-degree obesity are considered to be fat deposits on all parts of the body (especially the waist and hips), as well as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath with minimal exertion, rapid pulse, and profuse sweating. As we can see, these manifestations are closely related to cardiovascular pathologies and negatively affect the entire body. They prevent a person from working fruitfully and energetically, leading an active life, and successfully coping with everyday activities.

Moreover, such changes in the body negatively affect a person’s mental and emotional well-being. What are the objective reasons for the appearance of second-degree obesity?

The culprits of the disease

The secondary factors that provoke obesity include:

• Hormonal imbalances that have a negative impact on the processing of food by the gastrointestinal tract.
• Endocrine diseases that contribute to metabolic disorders.
• Damage to the cerebral cortex caused by traumatic brain injury or various types of infections. As a result, there is an increased appetite, which provokes excess weight (obesity).
• Stress and nervous tension, causing a feeling of constant hunger.
• Non-compliance with the wakefulness regime (duration of night sleep is more or less than the norm of eight to ten hours).
• Hereditary disposition.

The reasons listed above have a huge impact on the occurrence of obesity in women and men. However, the main culprit of excess weight is poor diet, aggravated by a sedentary lifestyle.

Often, fat women, like men, deceive themselves, hiding behind genetic predisposition, hormonal imbalances and other diseases. But most often, the true root of obesity is failure to follow healthy eating rules. Here are some of them:

• abundant consumption of fatty, fried, smoked, sweet and starchy foods;
• frequent snacking;
• drinking soda and sweet drinks;
• sedentary work.

Gender differences

Is obesity really diagnosed more often in the weaker half of humanity than in the strong? Why are fat women more common than fat men? This can be influenced by several factors:

• pregnancy and childbirth;
• hormonal disorders;
• “eating” stress;
• predisposition to fat deposits.

Most likely, you will agree that the above applies more to women than to men. Therefore, representatives of the fairer sex are advised to monitor excess weight more carefully. If it is not controlled, it can cause severe emotional and mental disorders, mental trauma, provoke depression and various kinds of complexes, and also cause infertility or miscarriages. What can you say about men?

Obesity and the army

Do they accept obese people into the army? In short, yes. However, there are several nuances here. For example, if a conscript is diagnosed with the first or second degree of obesity, then he may be considered fit for military service either completely or with restrictions. If a person liable for military service is found to have the third or fourth stage of obesity, then he is assigned temporary unfitness with a deferment of the commission for six months. If after six months the situation has not changed (and this happened several times), then the conscript is assigned the category of absolute unsuitability for military service.

Treatment of the disease

What to do if you are diagnosed with second degree obesity. How to lose weight? If you want to engage in drug treatment for a disease, you should contact an endocrinologist, and not prescribe miracle tablets and pills yourself. The doctor will prescribe medications that improve metabolism and reduce appetite, as well as promote the breakdown of fats. Moreover, you will definitely be recommended a physical activity regimen with a detailed description of the exercises. But what if you can’t afford to visit a specialist? Then you can adhere to the general rules and advice given below. However, following these recommendations does not exclude consultation with a medical expert.

Diet food

For effective relief, you should use a strict diet. If you are obese, it is recommended to completely avoid fats and sugar. You should only eat low-calorie foods, such as vegetables and unsweetened fruits. It is not recommended to give up all fats and carbohydrates on one day, as this can negatively affect the body and mental well-being of the patient.

It's best to start by cutting back on your usual portions. If previously an obese person ate a liter of borscht at lunch, now he can reduce the volume of the first course to seven hundred grams, or even half a liter. Chew food slowly and thoroughly. This way, saturation will come faster, and the gastrointestinal tract will not suffer. It is recommended to eat only when a strong feeling of hunger appears. It is also important to drink up to one and a half liters of purified water daily. Now let's discuss an approximate diet menu for obesity.

Correct selection of dishes

To start eating for weight loss, you should purchase a small kitchen scale to constantly weigh your food and ingredients. This will help you avoid overeating and accurately count the calorie content of your meals. So, let's look at the menu for the first seven days.

Day	Meals	Recommended dishes
First	Breakfast	Ninety grams of oatmeal, fifty grams of fruit
	First snack	Seventy-five grams of low-fat cottage cheese
	Dinner	Two hundred ten grams of vegetable soup in low-fat broth
	Second snack	One banana
	Dinner	Two hundred grams of seafood, one egg, fifty grams of cucumbers and tomatoes
Second	Breakfast	Buckwheat porridge (one hundred twenty-five grams), one tomato
	First snack	One banana
	Dinner	Vegetable broth (one hundred grams), chicken (ninety grams)
	Second snack	Vegetable salad (one hundred and fifty grams)
	Dinner	Semolina porridge (one hundred grams), vegetable casserole (one hundred and fifty grams)
Third	Breakfast	One hundred and fifty grams of cottage cheese casserole with banana, twenty grams of dried apricots
	First snack	One hundred grams of yogurt
	Dinner	Two hundred grams of soup with meatballs, fifty grams of boiled fish
	Second snack	A glass of yogurt, one apple, one loaf of bread
	Dinner	Two hundred twenty-five grams of baked fish, two tomatoes
Fourth	Breakfast	Cottage cheese (one hundred and ten grams), two bananas
	First snack	Apple and kiwi (two pieces each)
	Dinner	Ukha (two hundred grams), two cucumbers
	Second snack	Cottage cheese (one hundred grams), walnuts (fifty grams)
	Dinner	Baked chicken (two hundred grams) with vegetables
Fifth	Breakfast	One hundred and twenty grams of rice porridge, twenty grams of hard cheese
	First snack	A glass of kefir, one apple
	Dinner	Two hundred grams of borscht, one hundred grams of vegetable salad
	Second snack	One hundred grams of cottage cheese and one banana
	Dinner	One hundred and fifty grams of boiled potatoes and two cucumbers
Sixth	Breakfast	Cottage cheese (fifty grams) with a teaspoon of honey
	First snack	Biscuit (fifty grams), one apple
	Dinner	Buckwheat soup (two hundred grams), beef stew (fifty grams)
	Second snack	Glass of fermented baked milk
	Dinner	Boiled chicken (one hundred and fifty grams), vegetables
Seventh	Breakfast	Two hundred grams of buckwheat porridge, one egg
	First snack	Apple and orange (one each)
	Dinner	Mushroom soup (two hundred grams), baked chicken breast (one hundred grams)
	Second snack	Cottage cheese (one hundred grams), two bananas
	Dinner	Vinaigrette (one hundred and fifty grams), stewed turkey (one hundred grams)

As you can see, the above menu is quite varied and appetizing, and it’s also easy to prepare. Therefore, if you are result-oriented, go for it, and you will be able to achieve the desired result!

However, as mentioned above, to get rid of excess fat, you need to not only monitor your diet. It is important to regularly and purposefully engage in special gymnastics. What exercises can help fight obesity?

Set of exercises

Before you start gymnastics, you should remember: you need to start small, gradually increasing the load and duration of the sessions. Recommended exercises primarily include swimming, fast walking or slow jogging, and cycling. Going to the gym will also be an important factor. At home, you can (and should) pump up your abs. This must be done as shown below.

Also very effective are leg raises in a lying position, exercises such as “scissors”, “bicycle” and others. While standing, you can try bending forward and backward and left and right, as well as squats and running in place.

Folk remedies

Is it possible to cure second-degree obesity with the help of a traditional first aid kit? Yes, if you use her recipes in combination with other drugs and recommendations. For example, you can make yourself tea. To do this, you should combine burdock, birch and walnut leaves, as well as hop cones, in equal proportions. A tablespoon of the resulting mixture should be brewed in a glass of boiling water, left for half an hour and taken one hundred milligrams thirty minutes before meals. You can also drink a glass of rose hips brewed in this way once a day.

As you can see, there are many useful and effective means to combat excess weight and obesity. These include medications, dietary nutrition, physical activity, and traditional medicine. To achieve the desired result, it is important to use all this in combination, strictly following all the recommendations of your doctor, carefully weighing the foods you eat and actively doing gymnastics to lose weight. Then you will definitely win the difficult and serious fight against obesity, and the extra pounds will never return to you and remind you of themselves.