Acne treatment drugs. The most effective methods for quickly getting rid of acne. The most effective drugs in cosmetology for the treatment of acne

Skin problems bother many people of all ages. A common disease is acne. It is expressed in the presence of rashes and inflammatory elements on the skin.

The occurrence of acne is due to various reasons and has a specific development mechanism. Treatment is carried out in several ways, taking into account all factors and individual characteristics of the body.

Acne is an inflammatory skin disease. It appears in the form of acne, pimples, comedones and purulent formations. The rashes spread over various parts of the face, but most often in the T-zone.

The forehead, nose and chin are most susceptible to the appearance of oily shine, and, accordingly, the appearance of inflammation.

Reasons for appearance

The condition of the skin can be used to judge a person's health. The presence of inflammatory elements indicates diseases and disorders in the body. Another factor influencing the appearance of acne is inadequate or irregular cleansing and the use of low-quality cosmetics.

Acne appears for the following reasons:

• excessive activity of the sebaceous glands;
• enlarged pores;
• epithelial keratosis inside the follicle;
• hormonal imbalances;
• puberty;
• premenstrual period;
• imbalance of the autonomic nervous system;
• changes in the composition of sebum;
• stress, depression, anxiety, anxiety;
• decline in immunity;
• heredity;
• using cosmetics that are not suitable for your skin type;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland;
• lack of vitamins in the body;
• excessive exposure to the sun and excessive visits to the solarium;
• high humidity and hot climate;
• skin dehydration;
• improper or unbalanced diet;
• alcohol and smoking abuse.

Development mechanism - 4 factors

Acne is the result of certain disturbances in the functioning of the body. There are 4 factors that cause skin problems:

1. Excessive secretion of sebum with a subsequent decrease in its bactericidal properties and changes in composition.
2. Thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin inside the hair follicles. The result is a blockage of a protein called keratin. This is how the body reacts to local irritation.
3. Active proliferation of propionobacteria acne due to the formation of sebaceous-horn plugs.
4. Inflammation as a reaction to the activity of microorganisms.

Types of inflammation on the skin

There are several types of skin inflammation:

• Acne is the result of blocked sebaceous ducts.
• Acne is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles with the subsequent formation of blackheads and nodules.
• Papules are subcutaneous inflammatory elements. They occur when secretions accumulate in the comedone, followed by tissue compression. As a rule, it comes to the formation of pus. In some cases they resolve before this point.
• Pustules are a rash in the form of small balls with purulent contents.
• Nodules are a type of papule. They have a purple tint and reach several centimeters in diameter.
• Cysts are large inflammatory elements with purulent filling. They leave traces in the form of scars, pigmentation, spots and enlarged pores;
• Comedones are plugs in the ducts of the sebaceous glands. They arise due to the accumulation or blockage of the mouths of the hair follicles by sebum. They are whiteheads (closed comedones) and blackheads (open comedones).

Inflammatory, non-inflammatory and post-inflammatory forms of acne

Each form of acne has its own distinctive features:

• non-inflammatory - closed comedones, open comedones, nodules;
• inflammatory - follicular papules, pustules, nodes, draining sinuses;
• post-inflammatory - cysts, scars (atrophic, hypertrophic, keloid), spots (vascular, hyperpigmented, hypopigmented).

Classification by age

At every age, certain types of acne occur. There is the following classification:

• Newborn acne in the form of closed comedones. The reason for its appearance is the entry of maternal sex hormones into the baby’s blood. It goes away without a trace after a few weeks if you follow the rules of hygiene.
• Infant acne in the form of papules and inflammatory elements. The reason for its appearance is an excess of testosterone levels in plasma.
• Teenage and youthful acne in the form of papules and pustules with purulent contents. The reason for its appearance is puberty.
• Adult (later) acne occurs in men and women after 30 years of age. The reason for the appearance is the presence of serious diseases, including hormonal ones.

Four degrees

The degree is determined by the external signs of the disease. The number of comedones and various inflammatory elements is taken into account. There are 4 degrees in total:

1. Easy. Up to 10 blackheads and comedones.
2. Average. From 10 to 30 comedones and papules with purulent contents.
3. Heavy. A large number of comedones, several dozen papules and a small number of pustules.
4. Very heavy. The skin is affected by papules and pustules. There are more than 5 knots. I am worried about pain.

Types of treatment depending on the type of acne

Acne treatment is selected after preliminary determination of the type of inflammatory elements. Carried out under the supervision of a specialist.

Only - acne open and closed

Treatment is based on the use of retinoids, Azelaic acid or salicylic acid. To achieve the best result, additional medications may be prescribed.

Mixed form - acne and pimples

One of the following complexes is prescribed:

• retinoid and benzene peroxide;
• retinoid and antibiotic;
• retinode, benzene peroxide and antibiotic;
• azelaic acid and benzene peroxide;
• azelaic acid and antibiotic.

If the effect is mild, a retinoid and an oral antibiotic are additionally prescribed.

Only acne

Treatment is based on the use of a drug with benzene peroxide. If the effect is insufficient, other means are prescribed:

• antibiotic gel;
• a combination drug of benzoyl peroxide and antibiotic.

If the desired result is not achieved, an additional course of oral antibiotic is prescribed.

Cystic and nodular forms of acne

To treat such forms, oral antibiotics are used. Additionally, one of the complexes of drugs is used to combat mixed forms of acne.

If the result is weak, isotretinoin may be prescribed for internal use. But only in the absence of contraindications. If this remedy does not help, hormonal therapy is considered by an endocrinologist.

Folk remedies for the treatment of acne on the face

Traditional methods have proven effective in the fight against acne. Natural remedies help relieve inflammation and reduce the number of rashes.

Homemade cosmetics can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 30 days. Immediately after cooking, place in a dark container with a tight-fitting lid.

Masks

They soothe inflammation, relieve redness and have a drying effect. After use, be sure to moisturize the skin.

• Clay.

Take 2 tbsp. l. black clay. Dilute with chamomile or calendula decoction to a mushy consistency. Apply to face and leave for 10-15 minutes. Repeat 2 times a week.

• Oatmeal.

Take 2 tbsp. l. crushed oatmeal flakes. Mix with 1 tbsp. l. kefir Leave for five minutes. Apply to skin and leave for 10 minutes. Repeat 2-3 times a week.

• Tomato.

Peel the skin from the tomato and mash thoroughly with a fork. Add 1 tsp. soda Apply to skin and leave for 20-25 minutes. Repeat once a week.

Ointments

Used as the main treatment for acne. Apply morning and evening or once a day.

• Take 3 tbsp. l. olive oil, 1 tbsp. l. shea butter and 2 tsp. beeswax. Melt in a water bath. Add 2 capsules of vitamin E and lecithin to the tip of a knife. Mix 1 tbsp. l. rose water and 1 tbsp. l. aloe juice Pour into the butter mixture and stir.
• Pour 100 ml. boiling water 2 tsp. dry chamomile leaves and 1 tbsp. l. birch buds. Cool. Melt 1 tsp in a water bath. beeswax and 1 tbsp. l. olive oil. Add 3 drops of vitamin A, 1 tbsp. l. butter and strained herbal decoction. Leave on the stove for a minute, stirring constantly. Remove from heat and cool.
• Mix 1 tbsp. l. honey, 1-2 drops of iodine, 1 tsp. Vaseline and 1 tbsp. l. castor oil.

Lotions

Cleanse the skin and help relieve inflammation. They have a tonic effect. To achieve good results, apply daily morning and evening.

• Pour 1 tbsp. l. dry wormwood with a glass of boiling water. Leave for half an hour. Strain. Add 30 ml. freshly squeezed viburnum juice and 1 tsp. salt.
• Mix ½ cup of rose water, a quarter cup of still mineral water, 1 tsp. apple cider vinegar, ½ tbsp. l. sweet almond oil, 5 drops tea tree oil, 2 drops lavender oil. Leave for 4 days. Shake before use.
• Take 1 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar, 1 tbsp. l. water, 5 drops each of geranium, palmarosa and tea tree essential oils, 1-2 ml. polysorbate 80. Mix and leave for 2 weeks. Shake before use.

Tinctures

They have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

• Take 1 tsp. St. John's wort, wormwood and hops. Pour 250 ml. boiling water, cover and cool. Strain the broth and add half a glass of vodka and 2 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar. Wipe your face 2 times a day, moving along the massage lines. Rinse off 15 minutes after application.
• Hold the onion over steam for 5-10 minutes and squeeze out the juice. Mix onion juice and calendula in a 1:1 ratio. Apply to a cotton pad and apply to the skin. Leave on for 10 minutes, then rinse off. Repeat 3 times a day.
• Mix alcohol tincture of propolis and water in a 1:1 ratio. Wipe your face daily before going to bed.

What medications are suitable for treating acne

Drug treatment is another acne treatment option. Special products can be purchased at the pharmacy. However, many of them have contraindications, so it is recommended to consult a specialist.

Pills: hormones or antibiotics?

Prescribed by the attending physician after a preliminary examination. It is necessary to correctly determine the type of inflammation, the degree of acne and the form of the disease. The dosage is selected individually.

The following types of tablets are most often prescribed for the treatment of acne:

• Antibiotics - erythromycin, levomycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, doxycycline and others.

Each drug has a whole range of contraindications. For example, pregnancy, breastfeeding, individual intolerance to the components of the composition.

• Hormonal - Jess, Yarina, Janine, Diane, Median and others.

They have contraindications such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, individual intolerance, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys and others.

• Retinoids. Roaccutane is considered the most popular drug in this group.

The drug has many contraindications and side effects, so it is prescribed only after examination. It has such contraindications as children under 12 years of age, pregnancy, planning pregnancy, breastfeeding, hypervitaminosis A, individual intolerance and others.

Creams

Used to treat acne at different stages. The most popular drugs:

• Bepanten is a universal remedy for skin treatment.

Helps not only relieve inflammation, but also eliminate irritation, dryness and flaking. Contraindication: hypersensitivity to the components of the composition.

• Boro Plus is a cream for the treatment of acne and post-acne.

Accelerates regeneration and has an antiseptic effect. Contraindication - individual intolerance to the components of the composition.

• Levomekol is a remedy for the treatment of ulcers.

Relieves inflammation and swelling, draws pus to the surface. With prolonged use, addiction occurs. Contraindication - allergy to chloramphenicol, methyluracil, ethylene glycol.

Gels

They are considered an alternative to creams and ointments. They have a light texture, so they are quickly absorbed and do not leave any grease on the skin. The following drugs help in the treatment of acne:

• Effezel is a gel for the treatment of acne at different stages.

Has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. Contraindication - hypersensitivity to any component of the composition.

• Dalatsin is a universal gel for the treatment of various types of acne.

Used in courses of no more than 5 weeks. Used only as prescribed by a specialist in the absence of contraindications.

• Metrogyl is a gel for the treatment and prevention of rashes.

Often prescribed in combination with other drugs. Has various contraindications. For example, age up to 12 years, pregnancy, lactation and others.

Vitamins

Help speed up the acne treatment process. However, in case of overdose, a reverse reaction is possible. The following vitamins are used:

• retinol (A);
• tocopherol (E);
• L-isomer of ascorbic acid (C);
• niacin (nicotinic acid, PP);
• B vitamins.

Ointments

They vary by type. Anti-inflammatory agents are popular. They have antiseptic and bactericidal properties. They are characterized by low cost, minimal number of contraindications and high efficiency. Zinc, sulfur, heparin and ichthyol ointments have proven themselves well.

Antimicrobial agents are also in demand. Such ointments inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and prevent the spread of infection. Among them are Skinoren, Kuriosin, Cynovit.

These drugs are used exclusively in courses and have contraindications.

Another type is hormonal ointments. Used only as prescribed by a doctor. The effect is achieved in a short time, however, addiction occurs just as quickly with a subsequent decrease in effectiveness. Advantan, Sinaflan, and Fluorocort are used to treat acne.

Salon treatments for treatment

Modern cosmetology offers a number of procedures to treat problem skin. The most popular are:

• Mesotherapy - injections of therapeutic meso-cocktails.

The composition is selected individually. Antibacterial and restorative substances, as well as vitamins, are used.

• Ozone therapy - ozone injections.

Injection of a mixture of gases - ozone and oxygen - under the skin. It has an antimicrobial, sebum-regulating and healing effect.

• Peeling - removal of the stratum corneum of the skin.

In the fight for clear skin, chemical, glycolic and multi-acid peels are used.

• Magnetotherapy is the effect of various magnetic fields on the body.

Promotes the resorption of nodules and ulcers. Helps eliminate acne and scars.

• Darsonvalization is the effect of alternating pulse currents of high voltage and frequency.

Has anti-inflammatory and sebum-regulating effects. Promotes narrowing of pores, healing of scars, scars and post-acne.

Recommendations from a dermatologist for acne treatment can be found in the video.

Acne treatment at home

Caring for problem skin at home will be effective if you follow the following rules:

• regular skin cleansing morning and evening;
• treatment of problem areas with tinctures, ointments, gels and other anti-inflammatory agents;
• selection of a daily complex, including cleanser, toner and cream according to skin type;
• additional care in the form of masks.

How to fight acne with diet

Acne is often associated with poor diet. It is worth reviewing your diet and including foods that contain:

• fiber - fruits and vegetables;
• proteins - lean meats, fish, poultry, seafood, dairy and fermented milk products;
• vitamin A - spinach, carrots, cucumbers, black currants, apricots, sorrel, olive oil, beef liver;
• vitamin E - pistachios, almonds, peanuts, walnuts;
• vitamin B - buckwheat, wheat cereal, legumes, cabbage, cheeses;
• omega acids - fish oil, flax seeds;
• zinc - stewed beef, asparagus, liver, bran.

Some foods will have to be excluded from the diet. Otherwise, the diet will not give the desired result.

Black list:

• bakery products made from fine flour;
• fast food;
• sweets;
• hot, salty, spicy;
• fatty food;
• smoked meats;
• canned food;
• fatty meat and lard;
• carbonated drinks;
• strong tea and coffee;
• alcohol.

Regular cleansing is the key to clean and healthy skin. However, the procedures must be carried out correctly. While washing, you need to make gentle massage movements with the pads. It is advisable to foam the cleanser in your hands in advance. Brushes and hard sponges can damage the skin and spread infection, so you will have to discard them.

It is better to wipe your face with disposable paper napkins without dyes or fragrances. You can also have a separate face towel, if you can change it to a clean one every 2-3 days.

After cleansing, try to wipe your face with a cotton pad moistened with tonic. It is advisable to use a product with an anti-inflammatory complex. It is worth considering that the cream will be absorbed better if you apply it to slightly damp skin from the tonic. The active components will penetrate into the deep layers of the epidermis along with water.

How to get rid of acne marks on your face

After acne treatment, marks remain on the skin. Among folk methods, parsley decoction is popular.

The plant is famous for its whitening properties, so it helps to quickly get rid of post-acne.

You can also try pharmaceutical products:

• Panthenol;
• Contactubex;
• Rescuer;
• salicylic alcohol;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• Sulfuric ointment.

Preventive measures to prevent acne

Any remedy gives a temporary effect in the absence of proper care. Recurrence of acne can be avoided if you continue to monitor your skin after completing therapy. This will help:

• application of cosmetics according to skin type;
• using cream for acne-prone skin;
• using acne masks 1-2 times a week;
• change the pillowcase every 2-3 days;
• providing a separate towel for the face;
• undergoing routine examinations to monitor health status;
• selection of cosmetics without artificial colors and flavors;
• diet;
• refusal of hats made of synthetic materials.

You need to be prepared that fighting acne is a long process. It is necessary to identify the cause and choose the right treatment. This will require a medical examination and consultation with a dermatologist. Following diet and hygiene rules will help speed up the skin restoration process.

The prevalence and even some familiarity of acne, especially in mild form, prompts many to fight the rash on their own. Treatment of acne at home is possible with the help of dietary supplements, a number of pharmaceutical and. All of them are designed to eliminate foci of infection, reduce inflammation and cleanse the skin.

Is it possible to treat acne at home?

Doctors strongly recommend not to self-medicate for severe forms of acne. Serious suppuration may indicate pathologies in the body and the presence of somatic diseases. However, it happens that it is not possible to immediately visit a doctor, and the disease causes physical and emotional discomfort.

In such conditions, you can completely cope with mild acne on your own, and in severe cases, you can at least stop the progression and stabilize the situation until you have the opportunity to see a dermatologist.

Drugs or folk remedies?

When treating yourself, it is better to resort to traditional recipes. They are safe for the body and rarely have contraindications. However, if it is more convenient to purchase a pharmaceutical drug, then it is recommended to consider creams and ointments. Not all medications with systemic effects can be purchased without a prescription, and those that are sold over the counter can cause harm to the body if taken without medical advice.

The best medicines

The best choice for treating acne at home is creams, lotions and ointments containing active substances that eliminate the symptoms of the disease and directly affect microorganisms that provoke the development of infections and inflammation.

Zinerit is a lotion in which the active ingredients are the antibiotic erythromycin and, which reduces the production of sebum and regulates the function of the glands.

Basic properties:

• Reducing purulent inflammation;
• Suppression of the activity of pathogenic bacteria;
• Dissolving the secretion that clogs the skin pores.

The product must be used after complete cleansing of the face in the morning and evening. The duration of treatment can be up to 3 months. The lotion can be used from the age of 12, which makes it possible to treat acne in teenagers at home using this drug.

It is produced in the form of a gel or cream, where the main component is azelaic acid. Skinoren acts in the following areas:

• Destruction of bacteria on the surface of the skin and in the glands;
• Reduced inflammation;
• Reducing the number of dead particles of the epidermis that clog pores;
• Acceleration of resorption of comedones;
• Prevention of the appearance of age spots.

The duration of treatment is from 1 to 2 months. If necessary, the therapeutic course is repeated after a break.

Retinoid-based ointment. Klenzit containing them is recommended to be used with caution, however, Klenzit is acceptable for treating acne at home. Acne is eliminated by:

• Reducing inflammation;
• Dissolving sebaceous secretions;
• Normalization of sebum production.

Therapy usually lasts 1-2 months. The application of ointment does not combine well with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, so during the treatment period you should avoid visiting the solarium and sunbathing.

dietary supplements

Dietary supplements are auxiliary preparations created on the basis of organic components. It is possible to completely cure acne with the help of dietary supplements only at an early stage, however, even with a more severe pathological process, natural preparations have a supporting effect.

Innovative development. The principle of operation of the mask is associated with the use of a magnet. The product not only eliminates acne, but also saturates the epidermis with useful substances. Mechanism of action of dietary supplements:

• After applying the paste to the face, its components supply minerals and vitamins to the dermis;
• The composition is removed from the face using a magnet that comes with the mask;
• In this way, particles of dust and dead skin are pulled out of the pores.

The formula of the herbal remedy consists of:

• Vitamin E. Smoothes the skin, gives it elasticity and firmness;
• Squeeze from grape seeds and palm kernels. Sources of essential microelements, effectively eliminate inflammation;
• Almond, shea butter and... They normalize local metabolism, improve and even out tone, and reduce inflammation.

Black Mask is a product of domestic cosmetologists designed to:

• Fight rashes;
• Completely cleanse the skin surface and deep layers of the dermis;
• Narrow pores, preventing their subsequent contamination;
• Remove waste and toxins;
• Improve blood circulation;
• Reduce inflammation and irritation;
• Strengthen cellular metabolism;
• Heal your skin.

The organic mask contains:

• Panthenol. Soothes, heals cuts, reduces irritation;
• Collagen and elastin. Maintains natural moisture balance and gives elasticity;
• Grapefruit essential oil. Enriches the dermis with vitamins, minerals and acids. Suppresses bacterial activity, normalizes the production of sebaceous secretions, stimulates the removal of toxins;
• Bamboo charcoal. Penetrates pores and removes harmful substances;
• Wheat sprouts. They supply vitamin complexes and activate blood circulation;
• Organic vegetable oil complex. Activates skin respiration, eliminates pathogenic bacteria.

A cream created for targeted treatment of acne and... The active ingredients of the product are of natural origin and provide:

• Disinfectant effect;
• Elimination of rashes;
• Activation of cellular renewal processes;
• Elimination of post-acne;
• Evening out complexion.

Naturopathic supplement contains:

• D-panthenol, necessary for regeneration and maintaining the moisture balance of the skin;
• Azelaic acid, which prevents the activation and proliferation of bacteria that provoke acne;
• Hydrolates and, which have antiseptic and tonic properties, and also eliminate inflammation.

Treating acne at home with folk recipes

Treatment of rashes with folk remedies is a natural alternative to pharmaceutical drugs. When using such drugs, only natural organic substances that have a small number of contraindications and side effects affect the skin.

Masks

An effective way to get rid of acne is to make homemade masks yourself.

The most effective recipes:

• Kefir. Grind 1 tablespoon of oatmeal into flour and pour into a glass of kefir. Add 2 drops. Mix and apply to face. The composition fights blackheads and reduces the number of acne;
• Bran with . Grind 1 tablespoon of rye bran in a coffee grinder and mix with a teaspoon of soda. Pour in water until you get a porridge-like mass. Apply for 5 minutes, rinse with cold water;
• Badyaga. Bodyagi powder must be diluted so that the consistency of thick sour cream is obtained. Apply for 10 minutes, once every 3 days, rinse with slightly warm water, preferably moisturize afterwards;
• Tea tree essential oil with horseradish. Grate the vegetable on a coarse grater, add 2 drops of essential essence, stir. Apply the medicine to your face, wait 20 minutes, and wash.

Washing and compresses

Washing with lotions and tonics, as well as compresses based on acne, is an additional means of treating acne, allowing you to quickly cope with the problem.

• Compresses based on calendula and... To prepare, you need to heat a glass of water and dissolve 3 teaspoons of honey in it. Pour in calendula tincture; you can make it yourself or buy it in the herbal department at the pharmacy. Soak cotton pads in the solution and apply to areas of inflammation 2 times a day;
• Home washbasin. You will need 2 tablespoons of any pine needles, one each of calendula and chamomile flowers, 3 large plantain leaves. Pour the collection with 2 cups of boiling water and leave until it cools to room temperature. Wash once a day, in the morning, every day, for 4-6 weeks;
• Washing with ice. Instead of regular water, it is effective to wipe your skin with ice cubes. To treat acne, you will need to freeze the decoction. Pour 2 tablespoons of St. John's wort and chamomile into 500 ml of hot water and cook for 10 minutes. Cool and let sit for 5 hours. Then pour into molds and put in the freezer. Wipe 2 times a day.

Drugs for oral administration

Complete treatment of acne on the face at home necessarily includes not only ointments and tonics for external use, but also drugs for oral administration. They act on the body from the inside, removing toxins from it.

Best recipes:

• Herb tea. Reduces the appearance of acne. To prepare, mix together equal parts of jasmine, strawberry leaves, and violet flowers. Take 2 tablespoons of the herbal mixture and brew 0.5 liters of boiling water. Leave for an hour and add honey to taste. Use instead of tea;
• Infusion for inflammation. Mix 2 parts of mint and three-leaf mint with 1 part of valerian root and hop cones. Brew 1 tablespoon of raw material with ½ cup of boiling water. After a quarter of an hour, filter through cheesecloth. Drink twice a day half an hour before meals. Dosage – 100 ml;
• Collection for the treatment of ulcers. Mix 20 g of St. John's wort, 15 g of sage, elecampane root, chamomile and calendula inflorescences, plantain leaves and 10 g of horsetail. 4 tablespoons of the mixture must be poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water. Wait an hour and strain. Take 1.5 glasses three times a day after main meals.

The best diagram according to the stages of disease development

Complete treatment of acne on your own is not always possible, however, there are recommendations for suppressing pathological processes and using supportive agents to prevent the disease from spreading. Mild acne can be treated at home.

1st degree

The mildest form of acne, which is characterized by a small number of rashes without the formation of ulcers and inflammation. The treatment regimen includes:

• Excluding foods containing simple carbohydrates from the menu;
• Mandatory hygiene procedures after physical activity that causes increased sweating;
• Taking vitamin supplements;
• Using special cosmetic lines designed for the treatment of acne or folk remedies for cleansing;
• Treatment of areas covered with rashes with self-prepared drugs or ointments based on salicylic acid.

2nd degree

Stage 2 of the disease is characterized by initial inflammatory processes, therefore for effective therapy it is necessary:

• Eliminate carbohydrates;
• For water procedures, use products with a pH value of 5.5. Alkaline soap will only make the situation worse;
• It is mandatory to consume vitamins A, E and group B;
• Wash only with medicinal cosmetics or self-prepared potions;
• To treat the affected areas, use masks, ointments prepared at home, or Zinerit/Skinoren.

3rd degree

It is difficult to cure acne on your own at this stage, but it is recommended to take a set of measures to reduce the manifestations of acne:

• Normalization of diet and introduction of vitamins into the diet;
• For women, avoidance of decorative and hygienic cosmetics based on paraffin and lanolin;
• Washing with pharmaceutical lotions and tonics intended for the treatment of acne or using self-prepared ice cubes;
• Treat the affected skin with Klenzit, Skinoren or Zenerit;
• Drink homemade infusions for inflammation and ulcers.

At this and subsequent stages, it is strictly not recommended to fight the disease with self-medication. The degree of damage to the skin is such that this may indicate more serious diseases lurking in the body. In addition, purulent inflammations and boils can lead to sepsis and other complications without professional advice.

4th degree

At this stage of the disease, complete treatment of acne at home is almost impossible. It is recommended to refrain from self-prescribing any pharmaceutical drugs before consulting a dermatologist. Measures that can be taken at home for severe acne:

• Menu correction and regular intake of vitamin and mineral complexes;
• Exclusion of decorative cosmetics;
• To resolve suppuration, use freshly squeezed;
• Wipe abscesses with a decoction of oak bark, chamomile and calendula.

Reviews: what helps best?

Zinerit and Skinoren are highly rated among consumers. Reviews say that these products effectively affect the skin and do not cause negative reactions in the body. After completing the course, the majority of acne symptoms completely disappeared, subject to regular use.

A mild form of the disease, according to women’s comments, can be easily treated with natural masks. The most positive responses are received by the Black and Magnetic masks, which effectively cleanse the face and moisturize it. Course use allowed many to get rid of acne at the initial stage of acne.

As for folk recipes, the peculiarity of the impact of natural components on different organisms causes both positive and negative responses. However, in most cases, many people recognize that potions containing calendula, sage, string and chamomile have a good therapeutic effect.

To get rid of pimples, blackheads and acne, which bring us enormous discomfort, you need to choose the right care product. It must meet the needs of the skin and eliminate a specific problem. However, there are no universal remedies for fighting acne; everyone must find their own remedy - these can be ointments, creams, gels and masks. Let's look at the best.

Skin rashes - pimples, blackheads, acne, ulcers

The main causes of acne

In order for acne treatment to bring maximum results, you need to eliminate the cause that provokes its formation. Skin rashes are caused by:

• emotional shocks, stress, nervous strain, worries;
• frequent contact with hands or phones that have germs on the surface;
• hormonal imbalance, thyroid diseases;
• heredity;
• use of corticosteroids, birth control pills;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in particular the intestines;
• unhealthy diet - content in the diet of fast food, fatty and fried foods, as well as sweets and baked goods;
• allergic reaction;
• bad habits - nicotine and alcohol provoke metabolic disorders;
• incorrect choice of cosmetics, use of too oily cosmetics.

A doctor will help determine the true cause of the rash. To do this, you can contact a gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, allergist, infectious disease specialist, dermatologist, hematologist. A nutritionist and cosmetologist will also help. By identifying the cause of the rash and eliminating it, you can expect that anti-acne products will be effective.

Popular acne remedies

Anti-acne cosmetics contain anti-inflammatory and antibacterial components that help get rid of acne. Our review will help you choose the right skin care cosmetics for your face and body.

Ointments

1. “Zinerit”, 2. Salicylic ointment, 3. “Levomikol”, 4. Erythromycin ointment, 5. Sulfur ointment, 6. Ichthyol ointment, 7. Synthomycin ointment

1. “Zinerit” is an ointment containing the antibiotic erythromycin, which destroys propionibacteria and streptococcus, as well as zinc, which dries the skin and reduces the intensity of secretion of the sebaceous glands. The product cleanses the surface of the skin, eliminates white pimples and blackheads, even if the area of ​​the rash is very large. People with dry and sensitive skin should use this ointment carefully. The course of treatment is 10-12 weeks.
   → Reviews about the cream “Zinerit”,
2. Salicylic ointment is a medicine containing salicylic acid. Its concentration can reach 2%, 5%, or 10% and 60%. It has a pronounced antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. Cleanser for purulent acne. It also helps brighten post-acne skin. The maximum duration of continuous use is up to 3 weeks.
   → Reviews of Salicylic ointment
3. "Levomekol" is a medicine intended for the treatment of ulcers, rashes, and promotes rapid healing of the skin. Suitable for teenagers who often develop painful pimples on the forehead and other areas of the face. The active components of the ointment are methyluracil and chloramphenicol. They have a powerful anti-inflammatory and also antimicrobial effect. You need to use the product for 2-4 weeks.
4. Erythromycin ointment - used in combination with other medications. The active ingredient erythromycin ED effectively fights purulent acne. The ointment should be used continuously for a maximum of a month.
5. Sulfur ointment – ​​contains precipitated sulfur, which has a drying and antimicrobial effect. As a result of its use, it is possible to quickly get rid of acne and rashes, since the product reduces the intensity of subcutaneous fat production. The product is effective against subcutaneous acne. The sulfides contained in the ointment promote wound healing, which helps even out the skin. You need to apply the product for 2-3 weeks.
6. Ichthyol ointment is a powerful acne remedy containing ichthyol. Its use provides comprehensive treatment, since the ointment quickly relieves inflammatory processes and minimizes the pain that occurs when internal acne appears. This is a spot treatment that is gently applied to the surface of the pimple to speed up its maturation. Use once a day until the problem is resolved.
7. Synthomycin ointment is a cleanser that quickly relieves inflammation. Effective against ulcers, acne, rashes, small spots. Contains an antibiotic that destroys germs that cause acne. The duration of treatment with this ointment is a maximum of 5 days. This is an inexpensive remedy.

All anti-acne ointments are applied 1-2 times a day to cleansed skin. They should not be used more often, because pharmaceutical products contain active ingredients. When using them, side effects such as an allergic reaction, redness, swelling are possible, but they occur rarely. Acne ointments fall into the category of inexpensive products.

Gels

Acne gels have a light texture and are quickly absorbed. There are cosmetics and medications sold in pharmacies. Let's look at the most effective acne gels:

1. “Effezel”, 2. “Dalacin”, 3. “Metrogil”, 4. “Oxygel”, 5. “Skinoren Gel”

1. "Effezel" is an effective gel that helps cure acne and pimples even at the most advanced stage. Contains baziron and differin, which quickly remove rashes, acne, promote healing and smoothing of the skin. It has an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect, cleanses the skin surface well.
2. "Dalacin" is a pharmaceutical anti-acne gel that contains the strong antibiotic clindamycin. This is a universal drug that copes with acne, pimples, blackheads, redness and other aesthetic defects. The effect of use appears after 2-4 weeks. The duration of the course of treatment is determined by the doctor, but it should not exceed 5 weeks, since the body gets used to the action of this drug.
3. "Metrogil" is a gel for red acne and rashes that has an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. The active ingredient is metronidazole. This gel, in combination with other drugs, can be used to treat skin defects, as well as prevent their occurrence. The product is used for 3-6 weeks.
   → Reviews about “Metrogil”
4. “Oxygel” is a gel that is suitable for the treatment of acne and acne of mild or moderate severity. The active ingredient in this drug is benzoyl peroxide. The product should be used carefully by those with sensitive skin, because when the gel gets on its surface it can cause burning and irritation. The duration of the course of use is a maximum of 2 weeks.
5. "Skinoren Gel" - its active ingredient azelaic acid provides a bactericidal and drying effect. This remedy normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands, helps get rid of acne, pimples, blackheads. The gel effectively copes with even the most advanced stage of rashes, but you can use it for a maximum of 14 days, since it dries out the skin too much.
   → Reviews about “Skinoren Gel”,

The gel is applied to cleansed skin several times a day.

Creams

Creams are very popular in the fight against acne. Consider the list of the most effective:

1. “Differin”, 2. “Baziron”, 3. “Clean Skin”, 4. “Boro Plus”

1. “Differin” is a good cream for the face and body, containing adapalene, which fights acne and comedones. It is used for the treatment and prevention of acne and pore contamination.
2. "Baziron" is the best acne remedy for dry skin. It provides not only an antibacterial effect, but also regulates the process of sebum secretion and well moisturizes the epidermis. The cream is more effective against acne and rashes. Duration of use is 3-3.5 months.
   → Reviews about “Baziron”,
3. “Clean Skin” from Garnier is a cosmetic product for daily use that fights blackheads and red spots. Suitable for those with oily skin as it dries it out greatly. Dry skin may begin to peel after using this product for several days.
   → Reviews “Clean skin” from Garnier
4. "Boro Plus" - consists of plant components: sandalwood, turmeric, aloe and other components. Has a good antibacterial and antiseptic effect. Used for the appearance of ulcers and rashes, suitable for teenagers and adults. The cream must be applied three times a day until the aesthetic defect disappears.

There are many acne creams on the market designed for daily skin care. They can be applied continuously for 1.5-2 months, after which you should take a break and start using another cosmetic product. This will help avoid addiction. That is why it is advisable to look for several options at once so that you can alternate them - a review of acne creams for different skin types can be found here.

Other acne remedies

1. Ducray “Keraknil” mask, 2. Payot cleansing paste, 3. StopProblem treatment-masking corrector

1. Ducray Keraknil mask has a triple effect: absorbs excess sebum, cleanses pores and prevents them from getting dirty. Consists of clay, polyhydroxy acid, microparticles of wax. The mask is applied twice a week for 5 minutes. Its regular use eliminates acne and ulcers.
2. Payot cleansing paste is intended for the treatment of subcutaneous acne. Contains lanolin. The product is applied to cleansed skin before bed. You need to attach a patch on top, and in the morning remove it and wash. 3-5 applications are enough for the subcutaneous pimple to disappear. The product may cause peeling of the skin.
   → Reviews of Payot Cleansing Paste
3. StopProblem healing and concealing corrector is an antibacterial agent containing salicylic acid, which dries out pimples. Flesh-colored concealer is applied over the pimple to disguise the breakout. At the same time, the active components of the drug promote the resorption of the abscess and cleansing of the pores. After 2-4 days of regular application, the pimple disappears.

If you list the most effective remedies for acne, the top 10 will definitely include Differin, salicylic ointment, Skinoren Gel, Baziron, Keraknil Ducray, ichthyol ointment, Zinerit, Boro Plus, StopProblem, "Oxygel".

To choose a good external remedy for cleansing skin from rashes, you need to consider a number of parameters. The main ones:

1. Why do acne appear? If their formation is caused by excessive expansion of pores, you need products that narrow them. When the reason is the presence of certain bacteria on the skin, antibacterial creams and ointments will help.
2. Skin type – it is important that the cosmetic product matches your skin type. Drying products are suitable for oily skin, but for dry skin they will be too aggressive. The use of skin care cosmetics that are not suitable for a specific skin type can aggravate aesthetic problems. You should especially carefully select products for sensitive skin types. They must certainly have a soft effect.
3. If you have allergies, it is better to give preference to hypoallergenic products.
4. Good creams do not contain petroleum products, as well as synthetic additives and artificial flavors. Their presence can further irritate the skin, causing new rashes to appear.

It is important to choose a product that is right for you

It is very important that anti-acne products do not clog pores, otherwise the skin will receive insufficient oxygen, and this worsens its condition, appearance, and contributes to the spread of rashes.

This effective remedy helps against acne because it acts comprehensively. It provides good cleansing, relieves inflammation, has an antibacterial and drying effect. The drugs also reduce sebum production and tighten pores, resulting in the removal of acne. The skin becomes healthy and well-groomed. The main thing is to choose a product that suits your skin type and switch to a balanced diet.

Using topical acne treatments provides only 50-60% of the results. Otherwise, the effectiveness of treatment is determined by the state of health and lifestyle.

Acne- a skin disease that poisons the lives of adolescents and young people. Inflammatory and non-inflammatory forms of skin lesions occur in 2/3 of people at this age.

Pathogenesis of acne

Acne, or acne, is a chronic, recurrent disease accompanied by blockage and inflammation of the hair follicles.

So one pimple is not a disease, and two pimples are not a disease, and the appearance of acne 1-2 days before menstruation is also not a disease.

But it all starts with the formation of comedones. What it is?

A comedon is essentially a cyst - a cavity filled with certain contents. In the case of acne, the contents of the cyst include sebum, horn cells, particles of dust and cosmetics.

How did they get there? - you ask.

Firstly, some people often produce more sebum than necessary, and it does not have time to be removed from the hair follicle.

Secondly, with acne there is hyperkeratosis, so there is not only an excess of sebum, but also horny scales, which also contribute to the formation of a plug.

Dust particles are the result of poor skin cleansing, and cosmetic products are comedogenic and non-comedogenic.

Comedonogenic clog pores and prevent sebum from coming out. They contain lanolin, coconut oil, flaxseed oil, and wheat germ oil.

For this reason, people who are prone to acne should choose cosmetics that are labeled “non-comedogenic.”

As long as this entire mixture is below the surface of the skin, nothing is visible. But over time, the plug becomes larger and larger, and one day it reaches the surface of the skin, starting to protrude.

And then small white dots become visible - closed comedones. They are also called “miliums,” which means “millet” in Latin.

What happens next? The plug continues to grow in size and eventually breaks through the skin. Once out, it oxidizes and turns black under the influence of oxygen. This is how “blackheads” or open comedones are formed.

Most often, comedones can be seen on the skin of the forehead, nose, and chin.

A clogged hair follicle is an ideal environment for the proliferation of propionic acne bacteria, which are anaerobes.

They begin to multiply intensively and secrete biologically active substances that cause inflammation of both the hair follicle itself and the tissues surrounding it.

But microorganisms love to unite with their brothers in mind, so propionbacteria are joined by epidermal staphylococci, streptococci and fungi that live on the surface of the skin. Inflammation intensifies.

Now you see that 4 factors may be to blame for the development of acne:

1. Excess secretion of the sebaceous glands.
2. Follicular (occurring in the hair follicle) hyperkeratosis, i.e. thickening of the stratum corneum.
3. Reproduction of bacteria in the sebaceous plug.
4. Inflammation inside the hair follicle and surrounding tissues.

From here you can understand that to treat acne you need:

1. reduce sebum production,
2. reduce the thickness of the stratum corneum,
3. in the presence of inflammatory elements (nodules, pustules on a hyperemic background), add antibiotics.

Causes of acne

Promotes the development of acne:

1. Hormonal excesses: hormonal changes in adolescents, hormonal imbalance in the direction of increasing male sex hormones, pregnancy, endocrine diseases of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, taking hormonal medications, etc.
2. Vitamin A deficiency (leads to hyperkeratosis).
3. Stress.
4. "Wrong" cosmetics.
5. Insufficient skin care.
6. Excessive skin care.
7. Hot and humid climate.
8. Squeezing pimples.
9. Friction, pressure on certain areas, which causes a protective reaction of the skin in the form of increased reproduction of the stratum corneum, including in the hair follicles.

It has also been noted that the development of acne is influenced by certain foods and problems with the gastrointestinal tract.

Acne severity

Treatment for acne depends on its severity.

There are 4 degrees of acne severity.

1. 1 tbsp. There are closed comedones (white rashes that resemble millet). There are no inflamed nodules or pustules.
2. 2 tbsp. There are open (blackheads), closed comedones, nodules (inflamed lumps) and single pustules. There are no more than 20 elements of nodules and pustules.
3. 3 tbsp. Multiple nodules and pustules (20-40 pieces).
4. 4 tbsp. More than 40 elements: pustules, nodules and large compactions in the skin (nodules).

How to get rid of acne on face with antibiotics? Experts recommend taking medications for 6-8 weeks for general antibiotic therapy.

If there is no effect, the doctor may prescribe a further appointment.

The list of powerful and proven antibacterial drugs includes:

• Doxycycline;
• Trichopolum;
• Erythromycin;
• Levomycetin;
• Tetracycline;
• Metronidazole;
• Jess and others.

Each antibiotic has its own indications, features of use, and side effects. A cosmetologist or dermatologist will tell you more specifically after studying the tests.

Everything you need to know about antibiotics for facial acne

Antibiotics for facial acne are used for moderate to severe facial acne.

It is known that in some cases they do not help. Then the doctor either prescribes a longer treatment or recommends treatment with systemic retinoids.

Indications:

papulopustular and nodular-cystic forms of acne + lack of effect when treated with external agents.

Treatment. It is prohibited to take antibiotics for acne along with antidiabetic agents, antacids, cardiac glycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins and others.

When taking antibiotics and hormonal contraceptives, the effectiveness of the latter decreases (therefore, doctors recommend using additional methods of protection).

Doxycycline as an antibiotic to combat facial acne

Tablets are one of the most common ways to combat acne and acne on the face. The drug can be found in any pharmacy in the form of tablets and in the form of capsules of 50, 100 mg.

The course of treatment for acne with doxycycline is 2-3 months, including daily intake of 100-200 mg of the drug.

After completing the main course, the doctor may prescribe an additional one and reduce the dosage to 50 mg per day.

Erythromycin as an antibiotic to combat facial acne

If you didn’t know how to treat facial acne in pregnant women, now you will know. In some cases, doctors prescribe erythromycin to “pregnant patients.”

The main features you need to know about this drug:

1. Erythromycin is considered a more “gentle” antibiotic.
2. The antibacterial drug improves metabolic processes and liver function.
3. The course of treatment for acne with erythromycin ranges from 1 week to 1 month.
4. The regimen for taking the antibiotic looks like this: take 500-1000 mg, take it in 2 doses before or after meals (not during!).

Taking the drug may cause increased toxicity in the body.

Josamycin as an antibiotic to combat facial acne

The tablets should be taken for up to 2 months (if necessary, the course can be extended). Dosage – 500 mg 2 times a day (evening and morning).

After 1 month of using the product, the doctor may reduce its dosage to 500 mg once a day (maintenance regimen).

Sumamed as an antibiotic to combat acne on the face

The antibacterial drug is prescribed as a “short course”: only 7 days.

During this time, you need to take 500 mg once a day.

This concludes the review of antibacterial drugs (antibiotics).

Let’s move on to more professional and proven means – those that are popularly nicknamed “heavy artillery.”

These are medications that are taken for fulminant forms of acne. Dose 0.5-1 mg/kg throughout the 1st week + subsequent dose reduction and complete withdrawal.

Isotretinoin (Roaccutane, Acnecutane) and other hormonal drugs to combat acne on the face

If you don’t know how to cure acne on your face, “hormones” will definitely help.

These are products that “work” by a different mechanism, interfering with the activity of the sebaceous glands and facial skin cells.

How do hormonal drugs fight acne on the face?

1. You take the tablets according to the manufacturer's instructions.
2. Isotretinoin penetrates internally.
3. Here it begins to interact with specific nuclear (retinoid) receptors.
4. After this, the component puts pressure on the processes of differentiation of sebaceous gland cells (thereby reducing their size, reducing the activity and process of sebum production).
5. Next, the hormonal agent slows down the proliferation of epithelial cells (therefore, horny plugs do not form and the follicle is not clogged."

Usually, side effects disappear after discontinuation of the drug and are reversible (at most, they cause discomfort to the patient).

If pregnancy occurs during treatment with the drug, you should stop taking it! Otherwise, there is a risk of developing severe fetal pathologies.

Facts you need to know about Isotretinoin tablets (Roaccutane, Acnecutane)

For specific patients, the duration of therapy varies depending on the daily dose.

Complete remission occurs after approximately 16-24 weeks of treatment. But doctors may suggest continuing the course to achieve results.

Acne, pimples and pimples disappear after 1 course. Typically no longer required. If a relapse occurs, the course of treatment for facial acne is simply repeated again.

The drug is used to treat severe acne that is resistant to treatment. Observation by a dermatologist is mandatory (you need to visit a specialist once a month).

The drug should not be used in parallel with tetracycline, progesterone, or local keratolytic agents.

Now you know about the main pills that will help you cope with acne on your face. We emphasize once again: all medications can be taken only after consultation with a specialist and receipt of test results.

Medications for external application

This includes gel, cream, ointment for acne on the face and other drugs. Treatment of acne with ointments from a pharmacy can act as an independent method or as an additional method of eliminating the rash.

Modern doctors have the following types of drugs in their arsenal:

1. Topical retinoids.
2. Antimicrobials; their examples include benzoyl peroxide and others.
3. Antibacterial compounds.
4. Combined drugs.
5. Salicylic acid.
6. Azelaic acid and many others.

The main means that are included in this group are:

• Baziron cream;
• ointment Zenerit

The drugs help destroy microbes in the sebaceous glands, cleanse the skin, and reduce the risk of inflammation.

Antibiotic ointments, as well as creams, should be used only after professional consultation with a specialist.

Otherwise, the constant use of the drug threatens the development of resistance in the bacterial microflora to the current drugs.

This means that you will have to think about how to fight bacteria, viruses and infections with other means and medications.

Retinoid ointments for the treatment of acne and acne on the face

In the list of funds it is worth noting the following:

• Klenzit gel;
• Differin gel and cream;
• Adaklin cream;
• Adapalene (Differin).

Over time, there are more of them, and manufacturers offer different solutions. The key feature of retinoid ointments is their active effect on skin cells.

Retinolic acid and vitamin A:

1. have an immunomodulatory effect;
2. have anti-inflammatory effects on the skin;
3. reduce the active functioning of the sebaceous glands;
4. whiten skin;
5. eliminate serious scars and damage;
6. cope with the problem of follicle blockage.

Such antibiotics for facial acne are indicated for use at different stages of the disease and skin problems.

Topical retinoids are applied to the affected areas in a thin layer. Frequency of application – 2 times a day.

The duration of treatment ranges from 1 month to 3 months (depending on the individual characteristics of the patient, the degree of the disease, the number of rashes).

Topical retinoids are ointments for acne that have side effects.

The main ones are the following:

• dry skin, flaking;
• irritation of mucous membranes;
• thinning of the skin.

Antimicrobial drugs for facial acne

The main product presented in this series is Benzoyl peroxide (also known as Baziron AC). The drug is produced and supplied to the market in the form of a gel, the concentration is different: 2.5%; 5%; 10%.

The main features of Benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of facial acne in adults and children:

Benzoyl peroxide (Baziron AC) fights Propionibacterium acnes, as well as Staphylococcus epidermidis and other pathogenic microorganisms that cause irritation, acne, and blackheads.

The antimicrobial drug has a unique keratolytic effect and helps improve tissue oxygenation.

In the course of a number of clinical studies and trials, it has been proven that the product treats acne on the face, but does not create resistance (resistance) in bacteria to the components of the drug.

The method of using antimicrobial gel against rashes and acne looks like this:

1. rinse the surface of the skin, clean it of external pollutants;
2. apply the product to the inflamed area;
3. repeat 2-3 times a day (in the morning or in the evening);
4. get the effect after 1 month of treatment.

Topical antibiotics for external treatment of acne and acne. Clindamycin phosphate (Klindovit, Dalatsin)

Optical antibiotics must be used cautiously. Experts recommend combining this remedy with others (topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide and others).

Such drugs will not be effective as monotherapy for acne. Doctors do not advise using both topical and systemic antibiotics at the same time.

Clindamycin phosphate (also known as Klindovit, Dalacin) is an effective treatment for facial acne in adolescents and adults.

Take a look at all the features to see for yourself:

During clinical studies and trials, the sensitivity of all tested P. acne strains to clindamycin in vitro was proven (MIC 0.4 μg/ml).

A topical antibiotic reduces the amount of free fatty acids that are present on the surface of the skin. As a rule, their number decreases by as much as 7 (!) times: from 14 to 2%.

Many doctors talk about the importance of external combination therapy for acne. To do this, you can use a whole list of modern tools and drugs.

• Isotretinoin (0.05%) + erythromycin (2%) (Isotrexin). This gel can be found in pharmacies. Helps with mild to moderate acne. Isotretinoin destroys comedones, and the antibiotic in the product prevents colonization by microorganisms.
• Adapalene (0.1%) + clindamycin (1%) (Klenzit S). A product in gel form that provokes a serious exacerbation of acne at the very beginning of use. If you apply this product to your skin, be careful of the sun's rays: they can cause damage and burns (especially if you are sensitive).
• Erythromycin + Zinc acetate (Zinerit). This is a powder based on erythromycin-zinc complex. Thanks to its unique components, the product allows you to get a “double effect”: protect against bacteria and harmful substances, and reduce the risk of inflammation. Apply the composition once a day in a thin layer.
• Azelaic acid (Skinoren). Fights bacteria, relieves inflammation, suppresses the reproduction and growth of abnormal melanocytes. As a rule, doctors recommend this remedy for mild to moderate forms of acne. Method of administration: rub in 2 times a day (in the morning and in the evening). The effect is noticeable within 1-2 weeks after the start of the course. But the product must be used under the supervision of experienced specialists! Read more:

3 facts you need to know from the article

1. Before taking any medications, you must get tested and consult a doctor.
2. Preparations for the treatment of acne can be used externally or internally.
3. The effect of facial acne treatment often becomes noticeable after 1 week. As a rule, full treatment requires 1 month

Acne, or acne, is a skin disease with the formation of purulent elements, colloquially called pimples. Both women and men are equally susceptible to it. Most often, teenagers face this problem during the period of hormonal changes in the body, but acne can also occur in adults at any stage of life. Acne treatment should be comprehensive and include a number of drugs from different groups that affect all stages of pathogenesis.

Where do acne come from?

The exact cause of acne is still unknown. But a number of factors have been identified that contribute to the development of acne:

• hormonal disorders (excessive production of male sex hormones or increased sensitivity to them);
• changes in the composition of sebum (increased ductility, which leads to the formation of sebaceous plugs);
• hypersecretion of the sebaceous glands;
• decreased local skin immunity;
• the presence of pathogenic microorganisms on the skin (Demodex mites, propionibacterium acnes, etc.);
• stress and overwork;
• the presence of chronic foci of infections in the body;
• chronic diseases;
• food with a high content of sweet and flour products;
• taking certain medications;
• lack of vitamins A, E and group B;
• improper skin care;
• frequent trauma to the skin (including scrubs, scratching, squeezing pimples).

All these factors do not need to be present for acne to occur; a combination of several of them is sufficient.

What types of acne are there?

Dermatologists distinguish two types of acne – inflammatory and non-inflammatory.

Non-inflammatory elements include comedones:

• open;
• closed.

Open comedones are the so-called blackheads. They represent a pore clogged with sebum. Due to oxidation by oxygen, sebum becomes dark in color, which is why this time looks like a black dot on the skin. When you press on it, the contents come out easily.

Closed comedones are a clogged pore, blocked by a layer of keratinized and exfoliated skin particles. It does not come into contact with air and remains white. When pressed, the contents do not come out. To clean such a pore, you need to pierce its surface with a special Vidal needle. Closed comedones often become inflamed and form pimples.

Inflammatory elements of acne can be:

• papular (inflammatory form without purulent process);
• pustular (common acne);
• papulopustular;
• nodular-cystic (deep acne with the formation of cysts, often ending in scarring);
• conglobate (several large cystic forms nearby, deep acne, often scarring).

In addition, there are:

• acne of bodybuilders (develops while taking steroid hormones);
• toxic acne (occurs when exposed to caustic substances, household chemicals, low-quality or incorrectly selected cosmetics);
• inverse acne (inflammation of the sweat glands);
• acne caused by trauma (scratching, rubbing, wearing uncomfortable clothes, when applying a cast);
• solar acne (after sunburn);
• acneiform dermatoses (outwardly similar to acne, but having other causes and mechanisms of development, for example, rosacea, demodicosis, etc.).

Depending on the severity, four degrees of the disease are distinguished. Acne is most often localized on the face, but can affect any area of ​​the body.

Acne treatment

Acne treatment should be comprehensive. Ideally, you need to establish the cause of their occurrence and eliminate it. Local therapy is also prescribed, and in severe forms, systemic therapy using antibiotics and retinoids.

For the treatment of acne and acne, the following groups of drugs are prescribed:

• antibiotics;
• products based on azelaic acid;
• benzoyl peroxide;
• preparations with zinc;
• retinoids.

Antibacterial therapy for acne

Since in almost all patients with this disease, scrapings and cultures reveal the presence of pathogenic bacterial flora, antibacterial therapy is the basis of acne treatment. It can be local or systemic depending on the severity of the process.

Local antibiotics are used in the form of creams, ointments, and lotions. The most popular of them:

• Erythromycin ointment;
• Dalatsin gel;
• Tetracycline ointment;
• Zenerite;
• Metrogyl gel;
• Syntamycin ointment, etc.

They not only suppress bacterial activity, but also relieve symptoms of inflammation.

In severe cases, antibiotics are prescribed not only locally, but also orally. The most effective for acne are drugs from the tetracycline series (Doxycycline, Unidox Solutab, etc.). For acne, they are used in low dosages for a long period, up to six months.

If for some reason tetracyclines cannot be used in this particular case, they are replaced with drugs from a number of macrolides or sulfonamides.

To avoid relapses after systemic antibiotic therapy, maintenance dosages are often prescribed or repeated courses are given.

Azelaic acid

Azelaic acid is used quite widely in the treatment of acne, as it reduces inflammation, helps reduce sebum production and cleanse skin pores, and also has antibacterial activity.

Produced in the form of a gel or cream as part of the following preparations:

• Azelik;
• Skinoren;
• Skinocryl;
• Azogel et al.

Use twice daily for several months. Apply a thin layer to cleansed skin. Lasting results are achieved after 2-3 months of regular use.

Zinc-based preparations

Acne preparations with zinc are used for very oily skin. They have a drying and mattifying effect, relieve inflammation well and promote rapid skin regeneration. Local zinc-based products are used up to 4 times a day, treating rash areas with them.

This group of drugs includes:

• Zinc ointment;
• Calamine;
• Regetsin;
• Kuriozin et al.

In addition to local remedies, there are zinc preparations for oral administration.

Benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of acne

This drug has been used for the treatment of acne for a long time. It has antibacterial activity due to its oxidative abilities, as well as anti-inflammatory and keratolytic effects. Active against comedones, helps cleanse them.

Benzoyl peroxide is contained in the following preparations:

• Baziron AS;
• Effezel (in combination with adapalene);
• Epiduo (also in combination with adapalene);
• Oxygel;
• Aknefri et al.

Apply to clean, dry skin. Can be used for a long time. The first effect is observed after 3-4 weeks of active use; lasting results require at least 2-3 months.

A lack of vitamin A is considered one of the main causes of acne, so drugs based on it or with a similar effect are actively used in the treatment of this disease. The therapeutic effect of these agents is explained by their ability to reduce the activity of the sebaceous glands and normalize keratinization processes in the skin. That is, under the influence of retinoids, dead cells are exfoliated faster, skin pores are cleaned, skin oiliness is reduced, inflammation subsides, which generally leads to cleansing of the skin and the disappearance of acne.

Retinoids are available in topical and systemic forms.

Topical retinoids

Local preparations can be of natural origin or synthetic. For the treatment of acne, the second group, which includes adapalene-based products, is more effective:

• Differin;
• Klenzit S;
• Epiduo gel (adapalene with benzoyl peroxide);
• Adaklin et al.

All these products should be applied to cleansed skin in the evenings for 3-6 months. Long-term use is required for lasting results.

Systemic retinoids

Systemic retinoids (isotretinoin) are used much less frequently than local ones. They have a number of side effects, so their use is only advisable for severe acne that is resistant to other types of treatment.

In our country, from this group they use:

• Roaccutane;
• Acnecutane;
• Will erase.

All these drugs should be prescribed by a doctor after an examination and used under the supervision of biochemical blood tests. Dosages are calculated taking into account the age, gender and weight of the patient and, if necessary, adjusted during the treatment process. Long-term use is required to achieve a good effect. In some cases, to consolidate the results, the doctor prescribes maintenance dosages after achieving the desired response to treatment.

During therapy with retinoids (local and systemic), it is necessary to carefully protect your skin from the sun, since under the influence of such treatment its sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation greatly increases. Which threatens burns and the development of persistent hyperpigmentation.

Treatment of acne on the face will be more successful if you consult a cosmetologist in time. Cleanings, peelings, therapeutic mesotherapy and biorevitalization in combination with the main therapy give excellent results. They contribute not only to better cleansing of the skin, but also to the normalization of all processes in it.

If scars (post-acne) remain on the skin after acne, laser resurfacing, fractional RF lifting, dermapen mesotherapy and other procedures will be required to get rid of them. Post-acne scars are atrophic scars that are very difficult to deal with. Modern cosmetology offers many ways to do this, but it is still not always possible to achieve complete evenness of the skin.

Acne treatment is a long and complex process. Despite many methods and an abundance of means, it is not always possible to achieve complete recovery. Therefore, you should not search for the most effective drug on your own. With the help of a dermatologist or cosmetologist, achieving maximum results will be much easier. Carefully follow medical prescriptions, take care of your skin, adhere to a healthy lifestyle and diet, give up bad habits, and acne will certainly recede.

Video about acne