Inspection of vessels. Pulsating carotid artery in the neck Strong pulsation of the carotid artery

Most often, the feeling of pulsation in healthy people is provoked by stress, strong emotions, physical overload, or a sudden change in the weather. In these cases, discomfort is short-lived and goes away on its own.

At the same time, pulsation accompanies migraine, atherosclerosis, autonomic dysfunction and many other diseases, bringing the patient a lot of discomfort and unrest. It can be considered an alarming symptom, since without an examination it is impossible to say what exactly it is caused by and whether it really does not indicate pathology. The reason is relatively harmless - autonomic dysfunction (VSD), for example, or very serious - a tumor, aneurysm.

Pulsation in the head can occur with noise, ringing in the ears, dizziness, panic attacks, it occurs in its various areas - the temples, the back of the head, in one half. Pathological pulsation can be long, repeated many times, and this is exactly the case when you should go to a doctor - a neurologist or therapist.

It is also possible pulsation of the cervical vessels, which may be physiological or associated with their atherosclerotic lesions, heart defects, arrhythmia, arterial hypertension. In this case, an examination is also necessary to exclude the pathological nature of the pulsation.

Causes of pulsation of the vessels of the head

The causes of pulsation in the head are extremely diverse. Among them are those diseases to which older people are more susceptible, and those that occur in young people, proceeding for the time being asymptomatically. By the nature of the pulsation of the vessels, it is impossible to determine the exact cause of the appearance of this symptom. After a conversation with the patient and a simple examination, the specialist can only assume the pathology that provokes vascular disorders, and additional instrumental examinations will help clarify it.

Pulsation in the head accompanies such diseases as:

Autonomic dysfunction (vegetative-vascular dystonia (VVD);
Degenerative changes in the cervical spine - hernia, osteochondrosis, instability, congenital developmental features;
Vascular wall lesions - atherosclerosis, vasculitis;
Aneurysm, vascular malformation;
Neoplasms of the head and neck;
ENT pathology;
Glaucoma, incorrectly selected glasses;
Postponed craniocerebral trauma;
Neuroses, neurasthenia and other psychiatric problems.

Arterial hypertension is one of the most common causes of pulsation in the head. This disease is also very common among people of mature and old age, for whom throbbing in the head is a well-known symptom.

With hypertension, arteries and arterioles are primarily affected, which spasm from constant high pressure, as a result of which the blood flow in the brain is disturbed. Against the background of a sharp rise in pressure - a crisis - the patient feels a pulsation in the temples, pain in the back of the head, dizziness and tinnitus are possible. The higher the pressure figure, the more obvious and painful the throbbing feeling, but as the pressure decreases to normal, the symptoms gradually disappear.

Autonomic dysfunction is common among young adults, children, and adolescents. More often, females suffer from a violation, while the regulation of vascular tone by the autonomic nervous system is disrupted, resulting in fluctuations in systolic pressure, pulse, and it is quite possible that a pulsating feeling even in the throat occurs.

Pulsation against the background of autonomic dysfunction is provoked by stress, emotional experiences, physical overload and overwork. Smoking and alcohol abuse have a negative effect.

Pulsation with VVD happens without pain, but is often accompanied by other signs of a vegetative disorder - sweating, redness of the face, discomfort and rumbling in the abdomen, cardialgia, a feeling of lack of air with increased breathing, weakness and decreased performance, low-grade fever. Also characteristic are mood swings, panic attacks, which often help to diagnose the cause of the pulsation.

Degenerative changes in the spine can be detected in almost every second adult inhabitant of the planet. Such a widespread pathology is facilitated by a sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work, and excess weight. Herniated discs, anomalies in the development of the bone processes of the vertebrae, osteochondrosis cause compression of blood vessels and nerves, resulting in pain and pulsation in the back of the head, parietal areas. Pulsations are accompanied by numbness in the limbs, pain in the neck, fluctuations in blood pressure.

cerebral arteriosclerosis

Structural changes in the vascular walls in the form of atherosclerosis, inflammation (vasculitis) can cause narrowing of their lumen and hemodynamic disturbances. When an artery is stenotic by an atherosclerotic plaque by half, the brain begins to experience hypoxia even with the active work of the collateral blood flow pathways. Patients with atherosclerosis of the arteries of the head complain not only of a feeling of pulsation, but also of noise, ringing in the ears and head, decreased memory and mental performance, they are prone to depression and apathy.

Inflammation of the vascular wall is called arteritis. It can be the result of an autoimmune disease, trauma, surgery, infectious disease. In the acute period of vasculitis, there is a pulsation with intense headache, general weakness, and possibly anxiety.

An aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation is considered an extremely dangerous cause of pulsation of the vessels of the head. An aneurysm is a tangle of pathologically developed vessels that can be located in any part of the brain. Arterio-venous malformation - interweaving of arterial and venous dysplastic vessels. These formations are almost always congenital in nature, they are asymptomatic for a long time and can be manifested by periodic throbbing pain in a certain part of the head - in the temples, occiput, crown.

Since vascular anomalies are accompanied by a violation of the structure of the walls of the vessels that form them, under certain conditions they can rupture - with a pressure surge, trauma, severe stress. The rupture of blood vessels turns into a hemorrhage into the substance of the brain or under its membranes, which is often fatal.

The feeling of pulsation depends on the size of the aneurysm - the larger it is, the more clearly the patient feels the pulsation. Small aneurysms may not cause pain, but throbbing symptoms are usually bothersome. In addition to pulsation, other signs of malformation are also possible: noise in the head, memory loss, anxiety, with large aneurysms - convulsions.

Pulsation without other symptoms may accompany small neoplasia, which put pressure on the vessels from the outside and make it difficult for blood to flow through them. More often it appears in the morning and increases as the tumor grows. Pulsation in the head may be one of the first symptoms of tumor growth.

Inflammatory processes of the ENT organs, accompanied by the accumulation of exudate there, can manifest themselves as pulsating sensations in the head, a feeling of fluid transfusion from the affected ear. In addition, patients are concerned about headaches, noise, whistling in the head, progressive hearing loss.

Glaucoma, incorrectly selected glasses or refusal of them with insufficient visual acuity create not only negative sensations in the eyes, provoke even greater vision problems, dizziness and a feeling of lightheadedness, but can also cause pulsation in the temples, frontal zone.

Such a pulsation becomes more noticeable with an increase in intraocular pressure, eye strain when working with a computer, reading, it is accompanied by a headache.

Pulsation in the head in some cases accompanies craniocerebral trauma. In the acute phase, it is combined with a severe headache, vomiting, convulsions, and in severe cases, consciousness is also disturbed. The consequence of an injury can be recurring bouts of pain and throbbing in the head.

A variety of neurotic disorders, schizophrenia and other psychiatric diseases often occur with a pulsation in the head, which the patient can describe very colorfully, clearly defining the place of its localization, which can make diagnosis difficult, because it is quite difficult to check whether the patient is telling the truth.

Neurasthenia is a borderline disorder that is provoked by stress, overwork, improper work and rest regimen, and individual characteristics of emotional response. Chronic tension of the nervous system sooner or later leads to its exhaustion, and the person turns into a neurasthenic patient who complains of constant fatigue, insomnia or drowsiness, irritability, reduced appetite and bad mood. In addition to these complaints, a pulsation in the head, soreness, and noise are also characteristic, which are aggravated against the background of emotional experiences.

In the case of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, the situation is more complicated: vague pulsations and noise can be part of the hallucinations that the patient experiences, and in addition to a vivid description of the symptoms, the doctor is often faced with their exaggeration, which makes it difficult to objectively assess the symptoms.

Throbbing in the neck

Pulsation in the neck often acquires great diagnostic value in a variety of vascular and cardiac pathologies, but it can also be normal. Fluctuations in the walls of blood vessels are visible to the naked eye in lean adults, crying children, but this does not necessarily indicate a disease, but it always requires clarification of the cause if the pulsation becomes constant and clearly visible to others, accompanies headaches or arrhythmias.

On the neck, both venous pulsation, most often associated with heart problems, and pulsation of the arteries with damage to the vascular walls proper, hypertension, etc., are possible.

Pulsation of the cervical arteries

The most likely causes of very noticeable arterial pulsation are aortic aneurysm (local expansion of the lumen of the vessel), formed in its initial section, arch, thoracic part, arterial hypertension, thyrotoxicosis with tachycardia and hypertensive crises, aortic valve insufficiency, when part of the blood returns to the left ventricle, creating an additional pulsation of the carotid arteries and their branches, visible to the naked eye.

Aortic valve insufficiency can occur in elderly people with atherosclerosis, after suffering rheumatism or syphilitic damage to the vascular wall and valve. This defect has a rather characteristic sign - the so-called "dance of the carotid", when the carotid arteries on the lateral surface of the neck contract synchronously with the rhythm of the heart. In addition to the sleepy ones, the temporal, brachial arteries, vessels of the hands and even the feet also pulsate with aortic valve insufficiency. Against the background of the pulsation of the carotid arteries, shaking movements of the head appear in time with the beating of the heart.

Pulsation of neck veins

Such defects as tricuspid valve insufficiency, narrowing of the mouth of the superior vena cava, as well as severe arrhythmias (paroxysmal tachycardia, complete AV blockade) provoke pulsation of the neck veins, however, it can also be noticed under severe stress and excitement.

Pulsation of the cervical venous trunks often accompanies pathology that occurs with an increase in central venous pressure. In healthy people, the pulsation of the veins can also be traced on the lateral surface of the neck above the angle of the sternum by 4 cm, but only in the supine position with the head of the bed raised. When standing up, the venous pulsation normally disappears, and if it persists, then one can think about the pathology of the right half of the heart with its expansion and the formation of stagnation in the veins of the systemic circulation.

Venous congestion in the neck is accompanied by an expansion of the lumen of the vessels, their swelling and a pulsation that is visible to the eye, corresponding to heart contractions, which is considered a consequence of the return of venous blood from the ventricle to the atrium through an incompetent tricuspid valve.

The pulsation of the veins of the neck can be called a positive venous pulse; it differs from the vibrations of the walls of the carotid arteries with less force and the inability to feel it when palpated. Clinical pulsation of the neck veins manifests itself:

Swelling and pulsating vibrations of the venous walls on the neck to the lower jaw;
Expansion of the lumen of the veins during inspiration, pressure on the right hypochondrium;
Combination with swelling of the tissues of the neck, pulsating heart beats, pulsation in the epigastric region.

The most likely causes of pulsation of the venous vessels of the neck are heart defects, especially tricuspid valve insufficiency, pericarditis, heart failure with congestion in the venous section, hemotamponade, pulmonary pathology (emphysema, pneumothorax), superior vena cava syndrome, large retrosternal goiter.

What to do with pulsating sensations in the head or neck?

The pulsation in the head and neck cannot but disturb. Having arisen for the first time and unexpectedly, it can lead to panic and severe fear, because this symptom can indicate a number of serious diseases. Patients with migraine or VVD may well get used to repetitive pulsation, not perceiving it as a symptom of a dangerous pathology, but this does not exempt from the need to visit a doctor.

Regardless of the cause, which the patient may even assume, pulsation in the head or neck should be the reason for consultation with a specialist and examination. With such symptoms, you should go to a therapist, neurologist, phlebologist (with venous pulsation in the neck). The therapist can send for a consultation with a cardiologist, endocrinologist, psychiatrist, ophthalmologist, oncologist, depending on other complaints and the result of the initial examination.

When talking with a doctor, it is important to clarify at what time of day the pulsation appears, whether it is associated with nervous or physical stress, weather changes, or the phase of the woman's menstrual cycle. In addition to pulsation, other symptoms, if any, should be described (pain, dizziness, etc.).

With a pulsation in the head, an MRI, angiography, ultrasound with dopplerometry of the vascular trunks of the head and neck, radiography of the cervical spine, and encephalography are indicated. Venous pulsation often requires phlebography, echocardiography, ECG. The exact list of examinations is compiled by a therapist or neurologist, suspecting the specific causes of the pulsation.

Treatment for pulsations in the head and neck may include the appointment of analgesics, antihypertensives, vascular drugs and nootropics, and in some cases, surgery is necessary - removal of a tumor, aneurysm, implantation of an artificial heart valve. All patients with such a symptom are recommended to normalize the regimen, eliminate stress and physical overload, observe a balanced diet and physical activity.

SHEIA.RU

Pulsating vein in the neck

What causes a vein in the neck to pulsate and what to do

Swelling of the veins, accompanied by a pulsation noticeable from the side, that suddenly appeared in the submandibular region is a symptom that requires close attention, and sometimes the help of a qualified doctor. About what to do if a vein in the neck pulsates, and what it can signal - further.

Causes

In an absolutely healthy person who does not have serious health problems, pulsation may occur after high-intensity physical exertion. In some patients, nervosa manifests itself in this way, while in others, the vein begins to pulsate as a reaction to severe stress. With a disease of the veins, heart, blood vessels or other internal organs, the symptoms are not associated, as a rule, there is no danger in a single occurrence. If you notice a connection between stress and pulsation of the veins, you can consult a neurologist.

The main cause of pulsation of the veins in the neck: heart failure in the right ventricle, accompanied by venous blood stasis in the systemic circulation.

At the same time, the vein does not just pulsate, it swells and expands.

When a pulse wave appears on the neck, it is not only well palpable - it can be seen from the side.

Why is this happening

Pulsating jugular veins can occur with the following health problems:

Thrombosis of large venous trunks.
Arrhythmia.
Heart or vascular disease (congenital or acquired).
Pericarditis.
Heart failure.
Emphysema of the lungs.
Mechanical effect on the superior vena cava (it happens with tumors or severe inflammation of neighboring organs).
Goiter located behind the sternum.
Aneurysm of the thoracic aorta.
Atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta.
Some other issues.

What to do

If you notice that the pulsation of the vein in the neck began to occur at a regular frequency, this is an alarm signal.

A doctor's consultation is a must. For the diagnosis and treatment of these symptoms are responsible: therapist and cardiologist. They can refer you to narrower specialists, which include a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, oncologist, cardiac surgeon, pulmonologist.

Study

The primary study with complaints of the patient that the vein in the neck is pulsating is a palpation examination.

Note that the pulsation can be caused by violations of the outflow of blood in the veins (venous) or in the arteries (arterial). The doctor determines this during the initial examination.

One or more of the following tests may be needed to establish a more accurate diagnosis:

MRI with contrast;
Ultrasound of the neck and chest;
puncture;
duplex scanning of cervical vessels;
multislice CT scan of the cervical and thoracic regions;
Skull CT.

It is important to know: often the problem affects overweight people, so the doctor also pays attention to the patient's complexion. How is the presence of fat related to the pulsation of the veins?

Adipose tissue directly affects the cardiovascular system: on the one hand, fat is deposited around the heart, making it difficult for it to work; on the other hand, the heart has to work much harder, because there are much more tissues in the body of a full person and more blood needs to be transferred.

Treatment

The pulsation of the veins in the neck is only a symptom, not an independent disease, therefore, when the final cause of the symptoms is identified and the diagnosis is made, the doctor treats the underlying disease.

When neoplasms are detected, therapy is aimed at their removal. Heart failure and arrhythmias are treated with lifelong medication. With aneurysm, atherosclerosis, and some other problems, the doctor may decide to perform an operation, but this practice is used if the vessels are severely pinched or clogged, which interferes with normal blood circulation.

If you notice a pulsating area on your neck once or twice, this does not mean that there is a serious danger to your health. But regularly occurring pulsation is a symptom that you should definitely tell the doctor about, even if nothing else bothers you.

Swelling and pulsation of the neck veins

Swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins is a characteristic symptom of increased central venous pressure. Normally, in a healthy person, a pulsation of the cervical veins is acceptable, which can be observed in the neck four centimeters above the angle of the sternum. In this case, a person should lie on a bed with its headboard raised at an angle of forty-five degrees. It is with this position of the body that the pressure in the right atrium of the heart corresponds to ten centimeters of the water column. When changing the position of the body to the vertical, the pulsation of the cervical veins should disappear.

Causes and factors of occurrence

The main cause of swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins is right ventricular heart failure with congestion of venous blood in the systemic circulation. At the same time, stagnation in the veins of the neck is manifested by their expansion, swelling and visible systolic pulsation (positive venous pulse). This pulsation occurs as a result of the return (regurgitation) of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

The pulsation of the cervical veins differs from the pulsation of the carotid arteries in a smaller amplitude, the absence of its sensation during palpation. Also, a distinctive feature is the dissonance between the pulsation in the radial artery and the pulsation of the veins in the neck: the pulse is usually weak on the radial artery, while the venous pulse wave is clearly and clearly visible on the neck.

Increased pulsation of the cervical veins and their swelling can be traced in healthy people during stressful situations, neuroses, and excessive physical exertion.

Classification and signs

Signs of swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins are:

visible slow pulsation and swelling of the veins of the neck up to the angle of the lower jaw and even in the sublingual region;
in especially severe cases, swollen and dilated veins can also be found on the back of the hands;
swelling of the veins of the neck during inspiration (Kusmaul symptom);
swelling of the veins of the neck with pressure on the region of the right hypochondrium;
swelling in the neck;
visible pulsation of the heart in the region of the anterior chest wall, epigastrium, liver.

What diseases occurs

Swelling and pulsation of the cervical veins can occur in the following pathological conditions:

congenital and acquired heart and vascular defects (tricuspid valve insufficiency, aortic valve insufficiency);
heart failure;
pericarditis (constrictive, exudative);
cardiac tamponade;
hepatojugular reflux;
severe emphysema;
pneumothorax;
compression of the superior vena cava by a tumor or a pathologically altered adjacent organ;
neoplastic process (tumors) in the mediastinum;
aneurysm or severe atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta;
retrosternal goiter;
thrombosis of large venous trunks;
arrhythmias (complete transverse heart block, heart rhythm from the atrioventricular node with the occurrence of simultaneous contraction of the ventricles and atria).

Which doctors should be contacted

With the appearance of swelling and pulsation of the veins of the neck, it is necessary to consult a general practitioner, a cardiologist. Subsequently, you may need to consult a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, pulmonologist, oncologist, cardiac surgeon.

Select the symptoms that bother you, answer the questions. Find out how serious your problem is and whether you need to see a doctor.

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Throbbing neck pain

Discomfort in the neck, pain significantly reduce the quality of human life. You have to limit yourself in movements, reduce your workload. Throbbing neck pain is quite common and affects people over the age of 25. The feeling can be permanent or temporary.

Causes of throbbing pain

Common causes of throbbing neck pain include:

Traumatic lesions of the ligaments, vertebrae, muscles;
Degenerative changes, including osteoarthritis;
Infectious lesions of bone tissue (osteomyelitis);
Evil, benign neoplasms;
Immune disorders, including spondylitis, polymyalgia rheumatica;
Reflected cervicalgia.

Most neck problems are caused by osteochondrosis. The intervertebral discs of the cervical region change, which leads to intense pain. Local vessels and nerve endings also suffer.

As for injuries, the whiplash is the most dangerous. With it, force flexion or extension occurs. Most often occurs in an accident, in sports, fights. Traumatic throbbing pains can also be attributed to the condition after sleeping in an uncomfortable position.

Severe pain in the neck often occurs as a result of metastasis of malignant tumors.

Diagnostic methods

Comprehensive studies may also be required.

Diagnostic accuracy when contacting a competent specialist reaches 100%. Examination, depending on the nature of the problem, costs a lot.

How to identify the causes of neck pain?

With pain in the neck, first of all, you need to contact the doctors of the following specialties:

At the appointment, the doctor will conduct an examination, identify the presence of additional symptoms and draw up a medical history card. To have a complete clinical picture, the doctor may need the results of additional studies, as well as a complete history of the disease. He will be interested in:

How long ago did the pain start?
What do you attribute the symptoms to?
Have you tried home treatment? What did you take?
Do you have other chronic diseases?

What to do with throbbing pain in the neck?

If you experience significant discomfort, you can go through an online self-diagnosis on our website. Literally one minute will be spent on receiving the alleged diagnosis and recommendations for visiting a specialist. But only a doctor will tell you what to do with throbbing pain in the neck.

For prevention, it is worth using individually selected orthopedic pillows. Collars-corsets will not be superfluous. The doctor of exercise therapy will prescribe therapeutic exercises. With various pathologies, it is extremely important to restore the disturbed blood supply. Primary treatment includes:

Massage;
Traction traction of the spine;

In some cases, resort to manual therapy, acupuncture.

What is the treatment for neck pain?

Treatment is selected individually. It implies taking analgesics, muscle relaxants, corticosteroids. Your doctor may also suggest:

orthopedic care;
reflex therapy;
Massages;
LLL therapy;
Surgical intervention;
Ultrasound treatment;
Physical education.

Obesity can be called one of the most common problems that Nase suffers from.

Discomfort, localized in the neck and neck, may occur due to multiple.

The lower extremities have the most intense load when walking and performing ball.

The knee joint is considered one of the largest in the skeleton, and at the same time - the most vulnerable.

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Pulsation of the vessels of the neck

Pulsation is the vibration of the walls of the heart, blood vessels and adjacent tissues. This process is of a natural physiological nature, but in some cases it may be a pathology, indicating the occurrence of certain diseases. Of great diagnostic value is the pulsation of the heart in the chest and vascular pulsation in the neck. The main method of research in this case is the implementation of a phlebogram, since a graphic record obtained on the basis of data from multichannel sources makes it possible to accurately determine the nature of this process. There are the following types of cervical pulsation:

Venous. It is observed with tricuspid valve insufficiency, complete heart block, atrioventricular rhythm, stenosis of the right venous opening, paroxysmal tachycardia. It manifests itself in the form of one-, less often two-wave systolic pulsation of the jugular vein synchronously with systolic contraction of the ventricles or after presystolic contraction of the atria;

Arterial. It is observed with aortic aneurysm, arterial hypertension, diffuse thyrotoxic goiter, aortic valve insufficiency. It is manifested by increased pulsation of the carotid artery and its branches.

ARRYTHMIA.INFO

Common types:

Symptoms:

The information on this site should not be used for self-diagnosis and treatment and cannot be a substitute for in-person medical advice.

Throbbing neck pain

"Pulsating" as applied to the human body literally means - to vibrate, to knock strongly, unbearably.

Throbbing pain in the neck is a severe form of pain that causes unbearable discomfort and prevents a person from moving normally.

Can significantly restrict neck movement.

In the hustle and bustle of today's life, we often experience such discomfort and try not to pay attention to it.

And absolutely in vain.

Causes of throbbing neck pain

Wrong posture during sleep. Often found in those who have tried to sleep without a pillow.

Neck injury. A blunt blow during a fight or accident can cause severe pain for a long time. Swelling of the affected part, discoloration of the skin clearly indicate damage to the neck. In such cases, normal head movement is seriously hindered and can be restored in a few months!

Stretching of the ligaments of the neck. Although the muscles of the neck have sufficient flexibility and elasticity, excessive physical exertion on this area can provoke overstrain, and in severe cases, muscle rupture. In this case, the only option is surgery.

Spasm of the neck muscles. It mainly happens due to severe stress, excessive physical exertion. Read more in the article: Spasm of the neck muscles. Causes and treatment.

cervical spondylosis. This is a condition where the discs and/or vertebrae of the neck area are damaged. This disease is usually diagnosed in older people. The main symptom of cervical spondylosis is stiffness and throbbing pain in the neck.

Treatment

To eliminate throbbing pain, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (paracetamol, ibuprofen) are prescribed. Muscle relaxants are also used in the treatment: (diazepam) or their natural analogues: chamomile, bergamot, valerian, basil, peppermint and some others.

For treatment and prevention, special orthopedic pillows for sleeping and corset collars are used during wakefulness.

For prevention, exercises to relax the muscles of the neck and therapeutic exercises are indispensable.

Many people are familiar with the feeling of pulsation in the head. Such a condition does not necessarily indicate pathology, it is possible and normal under certain conditions. Most often, the feeling of pulsation in healthy people is provoked by stress, strong emotions, physical overload, or a sudden change in the weather. In these cases, discomfort is short-lived and goes away on its own.

At the same time, pulsation accompanies atherosclerosis, autonomic dysfunction and many other diseases, bringing the patient a lot of discomfort and unrest. It can be considered an alarming symptom, since without an examination it is impossible to say what exactly it is caused by and whether it really does not indicate pathology. The reason is relatively harmless - autonomic dysfunction (VSD), for example, or very serious - a tumor, aneurysm.

Pulsation in the head can occur with panic attacks, it occurs in its various areas - the temples, the back of the head, in one half. Pathological pulsation can be long, repeated many times, and this is exactly the case when you should go to a doctor - a neurologist or therapist.

A pulsation of the cervical vessels is also possible, which may be physiological or associated with heart defects, arrhythmia, arterial hypertension. In this case, an examination is also necessary to exclude the pathological nature of the pulsation.

Causes of pulsation of the vessels of the head

Pulsation in the head accompanies such diseases as:

Autonomic dysfunction ( ;
Degenerative changes in the cervical spine - instability, congenital developmental features;
Vascular wall lesions - vasculitis;
and neck;
ENT pathology;
Glaucoma, incorrectly selected glasses;
Transferred ;
Neuroses, neurasthenia and other psychiatric problems.

Arterial hypertension is one of the most common causes of pulsation in the head. This disease is also very common among people of mature and old age, for whom throbbing in the head is a well-known symptom.

Autonomic dysfunction is common among young adults, children, and adolescents. More often, females suffer from a violation, while the regulation of vascular tone by the autonomic nervous system is disrupted, resulting in fluctuations in systolic pressure, pulse, and it is quite possible that a pulsating feeling even in the throat occurs.

Currently answering questions: A. Olesya Valerievna, candidate of medical sciences, lecturer at a medical university

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Every 100 g of brain tissue needs 3.7 ml of oxygen every minute.

Why are these vessels so undeservedly called? With their active activity, they cannot be called sleepy. Perhaps the reason for this lies in a simple experiment: if you press the common carotid artery against the transverse processes of the vertebrae on which it is located, a person may faint for a while - sleep. The reason for this is a violation of the blood supply to the brain.

Attentive art lovers even notice the beating of the pulse in the deepening of the neck of the Gioconda of the great Leonardo da Vinci. His biographers describe that in order to study the anatomy of the human body, he dissected more than one corpse. Now there is no need to reveal the riddles of anatomy. You can learn a lot about the carotid arteries from this article.

A little bit of anatomy

The carotid artery in the neck, which in dangerous situations determines whether a person is alive or not, is called the common carotid artery. At the level of the third cervical vertebra, it divides into internal and external branches.

The external carotid artery supplies blood to the external organs of the head and neck, in particular the thyroid gland, ear, face, tongue, and others.

The internal carotid artery runs into the cranial cavity, so most of it remains invisible, but if some kind of catastrophe happens to the vessel, doctors must accurately locate it and have a common understanding of the topography.

For the prevention of diseases and the treatment of manifestations of varicose veins on the legs, our readers advise Anti-varicose gel "VariStop", filled with plant extracts and oils, it gently and effectively eliminates the manifestations of the disease, alleviates symptoms, tones, strengthens blood vessels.

To this end, anatomists and neurosurgeons divide it into seven segments:

The internal carotid artery is about 1 cm in diameter and rises along the deep muscles of the neck up (cervical part), without giving off any branches: it carries blood only for the brain. For its penetration into the cranial cavity, there is even a special carotid canal in the temporal bone.
The path of the internal carotid artery inside this tortuous bony tunnel (carotid canal) is called its petrous part. Here she gives the first branches, they are directed to the eardrum.
The vessel then passes through the ragged foramen (ragged foramen segment) without branches.
The next - the cavernous segment of the artery - is located between two sheets of the dura mater, on the cavernous sinus, where branches to these organs and the pituitary gland depart.
The wedge-shaped segment is a short segment of the artery, on which, without branches, it enters the subarachnoid space of the brain.
The ophthalmic segment runs parallel to the optic nerve and gives rise to the ophthalmic artery, as well as a branch to the pituitary gland.
The communicative segment ends with a branching of the internal carotid artery into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, which supply the substance of the brain with blood.

For reserve blood supply, nature has created an additional closed ring of arteries at the base of the brain, which is called the circle of Willis. From here, arteries or parts of the brain can be supplied with blood in case of blockage of some part of the vessels. The internal carotid artery also has access to the circle of Willis.

Pathology of the internal carotid artery

It is clear that with such an important role played by the internal carotid artery in the body, any of its pathologies is reflected primarily in the blood supply, and hence the functioning of the brain.

For the normal performance of the function, the vessel must have a healthy inner shell (intima) and no narrowing of the lumen.

With any systemic pathology - the presence of atherosclerosis, aorto-arteritis, vascular complications of tuberculosis and syphilis, fibromuscular dysplasia - the lumen of the vessels narrows, which causes cerebral ischemia (stroke). Sometimes, against the background of such diseases, an aneurysm is formed (pathological expansion of a vessel with an inferior wall). Sometimes there is a congenital aneurysm of the cerebral vessels, which is discovered by chance, in vivo or posthumously.

Atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery

It is unlikely that now there is a person who does not know about the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In connection with a violation of lipid metabolism, cholesterol is deposited in the form of accumulations in the intima (inner shell) of the vessels, causing a narrowing of their lumen.

Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease, its signs can be found in vessels of different diameters, but it is clear that the smaller the size of the vessel, the faster the blood circulation will be disturbed.

At the site of atherosclerotic plaque growth, a narrowing of the lumen occurs - fertile ground for the development of thrombosis.

Deceleration of the blood flow rate is one of the prerequisites that contribute to the formation of a blood clot. Among the other two (according to Virchow's triad) - a violation of the integrity of the inner wall of the vessel and thickening of the blood.

When a thrombus completely blocks the lumen of the vessel, ischemia occurs. Sometimes a blood clot breaks away from the wall and causes blockage of the vessel in a narrower place (thromboembolism).

Since the internal carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, with a significant narrowing of the lumen, a stroke may occur - the death of part of the brain due to a lack of its blood supply.

In 9 cases out of 10, atherosclerosis is the cause of the catastrophe of the vascular pool of the brain.

Aneurysm

Aneurysm - pathological expansion of the lumen of the vessel or protrusion of its wall, consisting of defective scar connective tissue. The cause of their formation can be atherosclerosis, and malignant arterial hypertension, trauma.

Aneurysms do not manifest themselves for the time being. With an increase in blood pressure or under the influence of other factors, the pressure in the vessel rises, the vessel wall at the site of the aneurysm ruptures, since the elasticity of the structure is lost. There is a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Whether it is compatible with life or not depends on its zone and volume. This course is called apoplexy.

Because the aneurysm grows over a long period of time, it sometimes causes compression of the surrounding tissues, like a tumor (tumor-like form).

Treatment and therapy

Treatment for carotid plaque depends on the amount of narrowing it causes.

In severe lesions, surgical intervention is performed, the purpose of which is to remove the plaque and restore the integrity of the vessel. With a small size of the plaque and the possibility of combining the walls of the artery, an endarterectomy is done - a part of the vessel is cut out, and then it is sutured. With a large lesion or if it is impossible to connect the healthy ends to each other, a prosthesis is sewn in instead of the removed fragment.

Conservative therapy is carried out with a non-life-threatening violation of the blood supply to the brain. It involves the use of medications and diets that lower cholesterol levels, the prevention of possible blood clots (aspirin), and the fight against bad habits.

Only a doctor can decide on the method of treatment after a thorough examination of the localization and degree of narrowing of the lumen or volume of the aneurysm of the internal carotid artery.

To engage in self-medication, as well as to postpone going to the doctor, in such a situation is life-threatening.

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Ripple

Pulsation (Latin pulsatio, from pulsus - push) is a jerky vibration of the walls of blood vessels, the heart and adjacent tissues. Distinguish between physiological and pathological pulsation. Pathological pulsation of the heart and blood vessels in the chest area, epigastric and hepatic pulsation are of diagnostic value.

A pronounced pulsation of the aorta can be detected in the I or II intercostal space to the right of the sternum with cicatricial wrinkling of the right lung or due to a sharp expansion of the ascending aorta (see Aortic Aneurysm). Pulsation of the aorta can also be determined in the jugular fossa with sclerotic elongation of the aorta and with expansion or aneurysm of its arch. With an aneurysm of the innominate artery, a "pulsating tumor" is noted in the region of the sternoclavicular joint. The pulsation of the pulmonary artery is determined in the II intercostal space on the left in case of wrinkling of the left lung or with expansion of the pulmonary artery (hypertension in the pulmonary circulation).

Tumors in contact with the heart or large vessels can cause an abnormal pulsation in the chest area. A sharp displacement of the heart in diseases of the respiratory system and a change in the location of the diaphragm leads, due to the displacement of the cardiac and apical impulse, to the appearance of an unusual pulsation in the chest area: in the III, IV intercostal spaces on the left with a significant wrinkling of the left lung and a high position of the diaphragm, in the III-V intercostal spaces behind the left midclavicular line with accumulation of fluid or gas in the right pleural cavity, on the right in the IV-V intercostal space along the edge of the sternum with wrinkling of the right lung, with left-sided pneumo- or hydrothorax or dextrocardia. The descent of the diaphragm in emphysema can lead to a shift of the apex beat down and to the right.

On the neck, arterial and venous pulsation are distinguished. Increased pulsation of the carotid arteries is observed with aortic valve insufficiency, aortic aneurysm, diffuse thyrotoxic goiter, arterial hypertension. The single-wave pulsation of the jugular veins in pathological conditions can be both presystolic and systolic (positive venous pulse). The exact nature of the pathological pulsation of the veins is determined on the phlebogram (see). On examination, one can usually see a pronounced pulsation in the form of one wave, less often two, after atrial contraction (presystolic) or synchronously with ventricular systole (systolic). The most typical systolic pulsation of the jugular veins with simultaneous systolic pulsation of the enlarged liver with tricuspid valve insufficiency. Presystolic pulsation occurs with complete heart block, stenosis of the right venous opening, sometimes with atrioventricular rhythm and paroxysmal tachycardia.

Epigastric pulsation can be caused by contractions of the heart, abdominal aorta, liver. The pulsation of the heart in this area is visible with a low standing of the diaphragm and a significant increase in the right heart. Pulsation of the abdominal aorta can be seen in healthy lean people with a flaccid abdominal wall; more often, however, it occurs in the presence of tumors of the abdominal cavity in contact with the abdominal aorta, and sclerosis or aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Hepatic pulsation is best determined by palpation of the right lobe of the liver. The true pulsation of the liver has an extensive character and is manifested by a rhythmic increase and decrease in the volume of the liver due to the changing filling of its vessels with blood (see Heart defects). Visible to the eye pulsation of the liver is determined by hemangioma.

Pathological pulsation of the arteries is observed when the walls of blood vessels thicken and cardiac activity increases in various pathological conditions of the body.

Graphic recording of the pulsation with the help of multichannel devices allows you to more accurately determine its nature.

Pulse on the carotid artery: anatomy, technique for determining, deviations from the norm

Counting the pulse on the neck in the area of the carotid artery is the fastest and most easily accessible method that allows you to suspect clinical death in an unconscious person and start resuscitation of the victim in time. In other words, the presence of a pulse on the carotid artery indicates that the person is alive. That is why a medical worker of any specialty, and just an ordinary person, should know how to quickly find the carotid artery.

Anatomy of the carotid artery

The carotid artery, for some of its length, adjoins rather superficially to the skin, so it can be easily and quickly probed, and thus assess the presence or absence of cardiac activity in a person. This technique allows you not to waste precious time during resuscitation to get to the chest and listen to heart beats on the anterior chest wall.

So, the carotid artery is a paired blood vessel originating directly from the aorta on the left (more precisely, from its arch), and from the truncus brachiocephalicus on the right (brachiocephalic trunk). On both sides, the carotid artery, for this length called the common carotid artery, heading upward, passes to the right and left of the esophagus and trachea, and also slightly anterior to the cervical vertebrae.

Closer to the upper surface of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx (the most protruding part of the larynx, also called the "Adam's apple"), the common carotid artery divides into two branches - external and internal. From this level, the outer branch is accessible to palpation, as it is covered only by the skin, subcutaneous fat and fascia, in contrast to the inner branch, which extends into the thickness of the muscles. It is on the external carotid artery that you can feel the pulsation by slightly pressing it against the deeper muscles of the neck.

anatomy of the carotid arteries and arteries of the neck

How to determine the pulse on the carotid artery?

The technique for determining the pulse consists in the following manipulations. Before starting palpation, it is necessary to free the neck from clothing and visually determine the area of the carotid triangle, the faces of which are the lower jaw, the median line of the neck and the sternocleidomastoid muscle. In this case, it is better to turn the head of the victim in the opposite direction. The side of palpation does not matter, and palpation can be carried out both on the right and on the left. In order to feel the pulse, it is necessary to attach two or three fingers (II, III and IV) to the point between the angle of the lower jaw and the anterior surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Further, when a pulsation is detected, the main characteristics of the pulse are evaluated - rhythm, filling, tension, and the pulse rate per minute is also calculated.

Evaluation of the pulse along the entire length of the carotid artery on both sides is used in patients with suspected thrombosis, atherosclerosis, carotid artery aneurysm, as well as suspected heart disease such as aortic insufficiency. In the latter case, the rhythmic pulsation in the area of the carotid artery is visually noticeable and is called the dance of the carotid.

In a person who has suddenly lost consciousness, checking the carotid pulse is necessary in order to understand whether a cardiac arrest has occurred and whether the person needs immediate resuscitation. In this case, the pulse on the carotid artery is not determined on both sides.

Video: determining the pulse on the carotid artery

Absence of a pulse in the carotid artery

The situation when a person has no consciousness and a pulse on the carotid artery indicates that the person has had a decrease in blood pressure to 0 mm Hg, due to cardiac arrest. Further actions in this case are to immediately perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the ABC protocol - A (Airway) - ensure airway patency, B (Breathing) - start artificial respiration, C - (Circulation) - start chest compressions. It is necessary to carry out artificial respiration and heart massage in a rhythm of 2:15 until the restoration of blood flow and the appearance of a pulse on the carotid artery or until the arrival of rescuers (medics), or within 30 minutes from the stop of the heartbeat.

Figure: Performing CPR in the absence of a carotid pulse

Causes of other deviations from the norm

Feeling the pulse on the carotid artery can tell about many hidden diseases that have not yet been diagnosed in the patient. But for this it is necessary to probe the external carotid artery throughout its entire length, and not just at the angle of the lower jaw. For this technique, it is necessary to line up all four fingers of the hand, except for the thumb, between the trachea and the sternocleidomastoid muscle. After palpation of one area, the fingers are smoothly moved up to study another area.

carotid artery stenosis due to atherosclerosis

So, with a stenotic narrowing of the lumen of the carotid artery caused by an atherosclerotic plaque, the pulse becomes tense (that is, it is difficult for the doctor to pinch the artery until the pulse disappears completely), and the artery itself can be palpated as a bumpy compacted formation.

A low (not filled) and soft (not tense) pulse on the carotid artery on both sides may indicate the development of an acute myocardial infarction or myocarditis in a patient. A thready pulse is determined with severe myocardial damage and is a sign that cardiac arrest can occur at any time.

With an aneurysm of the carotid artery, you can feel a pulsating rounded formation, characterized by a high filling pulse, that is, a large "height" of pulse fluctuations.

With hypertension, with vegetative-vascular dystonia of the hypertensive type, as well as with hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, the pulse on the carotid artery becomes frequent, full (high filling) and tense.

Figure: views of the pulse on the carotid artery

Due to the fact that palpation of the pulse on the carotid artery is a simple and at the same time diagnostically valuable technique both in emergency situations, when a person can really die, and when examining stable patients, it should not be neglected, especially when examining elderly cardiac patients.

Swelling and pulsation of the neck veins

Causes and factors of occurrence

Increased pulsation of the cervical veins and their swelling can be traced in healthy people during stressful situations, neuroses, and excessive physical exertion.

Classification and signs

Signs of swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins are:

visible slow pulsation and swelling of the veins of the neck up to the angle of the lower jaw and even in the sublingual region;
in especially severe cases, swollen and dilated veins can also be found on the back of the hands;
swelling of the veins of the neck during inspiration (Kusmaul symptom);
swelling of the veins of the neck with pressure on the region of the right hypochondrium;
swelling in the neck;
visible pulsation of the heart in the region of the anterior chest wall, epigastrium, liver.

What diseases occurs

Swelling and pulsation of the cervical veins can occur in the following pathological conditions:

congenital and acquired heart and vascular defects (tricuspid valve insufficiency, aortic valve insufficiency);
heart failure;
pericarditis (constrictive, exudative);
cardiac tamponade;
hepatojugular reflux;
severe emphysema;
pneumothorax;
compression of the superior vena cava by a tumor or a pathologically altered adjacent organ;
neoplastic process (tumors) in the mediastinum;
aneurysm or severe atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta;
retrosternal goiter;
thrombosis of large venous trunks;
arrhythmias (complete transverse heart block, heart rhythm from the atrioventricular node with the occurrence of simultaneous contraction of the ventricles and atria).

Which doctors should be contacted

Select the symptoms that bother you, answer the questions. Find out how serious your problem is and whether you need to see a doctor.

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/ 1st semester detproped / CCC / CCC semiotics

Semiotics of damage to the cardiovascular system

Pain in the heart can occur when the coronary circulation is disturbed, in particular, when the left coronary artery diverges from the pulmonary artery, in carditis, pericarditis, and also in the absence of changes in the heart in emotionally labile children. Pain in the heart area can occur reflexively with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, cholecystitis, diaphragmatic hernia, accessory rib, humeroscapular periarteritis, etc. Pain in the left half of the chest can also be caused by pathology of the respiratory system.

Shortness of breath occurs with congestion in the pulmonary circulation due to a violation of the outflow of blood from the pulmonary veins into the left atrium with mitral stenosis, carditis with a decrease in the cavity of the left ventricle, adhesive pericarditis, mitral valve insufficiency, etc. Shortness of breath can also be due to right ventricular failure in acute or chronic pulmonary heart, pulmonary embolism, etc. Dyspnea of the type of dyspnea, caused by insufficient oxygenation of the blood, is noted with some congenital heart defects, in particular with Fallot's tetralogy.

General cardiac edema indicates right ventricular failure. Local swelling of one lower leg or thigh indicates thrombophlebitis.

Pain in the legs that occurs at night (“growth pains”) is due to low vascular tone during vagotonia.

Bulb-shaped thickening of the fingers in the form of "drumsticks" and spherical nails in the form of "watch glasses" occur with congenital heart defects of the blue type, subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Pulsation of the carotid arteries - the "dance of the carotid" - can be seen with insufficiency of the aortic valves. This is usually accompanied by involuntary head nodding ( Musset symptom).

Swelling and pulsation of the cervical veins are noted with compression, obliteration or thrombosis of the superior vena cava, which is accompanied by swelling of the face and neck ( stokes collar). Pulsation of the jugular veins is observed when the outflow of blood from the right atrium is obstructed, tricuspid valve insufficiency.

Expansion of the veins of the lower extremities and the lateral surfaces of the chest is observed with difficulty in outflow through the inferior vena cava.

The displacement of the apex beat is noted with an increase in the left and right ventricles, an increase in the entire mass of the heart, as well as with a high or low standing of the diaphragm, an increase in pressure in one of the pleural cavities, and adhesive processes.

Top push. Spilled apex beat occurs with an increase in the size of the heart, its displacement anteriorly; high resistant apex beat- with increased heart contractions (thyrotoxicosis), left ventricular hypertrophy, thin chest, high standing of the diaphragm, mediastinal expansion.

A cardiac impulse can be seen and palpated in children with severe physical exertion, thyrotoxicosis, anterior displacement of the heart, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Pathological pulsation in the epigastric region occurs with severe hypertrophy and dilatation of the right ventricle of the heart, below the epigastrium to the left of the midline of the abdomen - with abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Pulsation in the second intercostal space to the right of the sternum occurs with an aneurysm of the ascending aorta and aortic valve insufficiency. Pulsation in the second intercostal space on the left - with stenosis of the mouth of the pulmonary artery and a high defect of the interventricular septum. Diastolic tremor in the region of the apex of the heart occurs with mitral stenosis.

Pulse. Rapid pulse noted during physical and mental stress, with tachycardia, heart failure, anemia, thyrotoxicosis, pain syndrome. With an increase in body temperature by one degree, the pulse quickens by 8-10 beats per 1 minute.

rare pulse it can be during sleep, in trained people, with negative emotions, with blockades of the conduction system of the heart, weakness of the sinus node, intracranial hypertension, with hypothyroidism, diphtheria, meningitis, etc.

Possession of the pulse indicates a narrowing of the artery through which the pulse wave passes.

The increase in the size of the heart occurs mainly due to the increase in its cavities. The right border of the heart expands with an increase in the right atrium or right ventricle. Expansion of the heart to the left occurs with dilatation and hypertrophy of the left ventricle; expansion of the heart upward occurs with a significant expansion of the left atrium. An increase in the boundaries of the heart in all directions can be with exudative pericarditis, with combined and combined defects.

Reducing the size of the relative dullness of the heart occurs with the omission of the diaphragm, emphysema.

Expansion of the vascular bundle is observed with a tumor of the mediastinum, an increase in the thymus gland, aneurysm of the aorta and pulmonary artery.

Heart sounds. Weakening of both heart sounds may be due to a deterioration in sound conduction in obesity, muscle hypertrophy, emphysema, the presence of exudate in the left pleural or pericardial cavity, as well as in myocardial damage.

Weakening I tones occurs with insufficiency of the mitral and aortic valves, slowing atrioventricular conduction, myocardial damage (decreased contractility).

Weakening II tones on the aorta is observed with aortic heart disease, on the pulmonary artery - with insufficiency of the valves of the pulmonary artery or stenosis of its mouth.

Strengthening of both heart sounds may be in thin children, in the presence of a thin chest wall, high standing of the diaphragm.

Gain I tones noted with a thin chest, physical and emotional stress, under certain pathological conditions: increased blood flow through the atrioventricular valves (open ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect), a shortened P-Q interval (the ventricles contract shortly after the atria, when the valves are still wide open), conditions with increased cardiac output (vegetovascular dystonia with hyperkinetic syndrome, fever, anemia, "athletic" heart, etc.). flapping I tone at the apex is heard with mitral stenosis, and at the base of the xiphoid process - with stenosis of the right atrioventricular orifice, gun I tone- with complete atrioventricular blockade, when the atria and ventricles are simultaneously reduced.

Accent II tones over the aorta is most often noted with arterial hypertension, but it can be when undressing a child in a cool room. Emphasis of tone II over the pulmonary artery indicates hypertrophy of the right ventricle due to pulmonary hypertension, which occurs with heart defects, lung diseases, leading to a decrease in the pulmonary circulation pool, with deformities of the chest.

Split II tones caught on auscultation in healthy children. Significant splitting occurs in conditions with an increase in the time of expulsion from the right ventricle (atrial septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary artery stenosis, blockade of the right branch of the His bundle, etc.).

Bifurcation I tones can be heard during exhalation in a healthy person, as well as with blockade of the atrioventricular node and one of the legs of the bundle of His.

Bifurcation II tones often auscultated with deep breathing, during sleep, or after exercise. The physiological bifurcation of the second tone is better heard on the basis of the heart. Pathological bifurcation of the II tone can be observed with stenosis of the aortic orifice, arterial hypertension, mitral stenosis, etc.

Distinct III tone auscultated with vagotonia, increased blood flow through the atrioventricular valves (left-right shunt, mitral or tricuspid insufficiency). The first, second and third backgrounds form a well-audible three-term rhythm - gallop rhythm.

Embryocardia ( pendulum rhythm) occurs in acute heart failure, paroxysmal tachycardia, high fever, etc.

Noise. Systolic murmurs occur if during systole the blood encounters an obstacle when passing from one part of the heart to another or to large vessels - a systolic ejection murmur with stenosis of the aorta or pulmonary trunk. Systolic murmurs of regurgitation occur when the mitral and tricuspid valves fail, when blood flows back into the atria during systole. Systolic murmurs occur with defects when there is a discharge of blood - defects in the septa, an open ductus arteriosus.

Diagnostic noises appear with stenosis of the left or right atrioventricular orifice, since during diastole there is a narrowing in the path of blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. Diastolic murmurs occur when the aortic valve or pulmonic valve fails due to reverse blood flow from the vessels in the ventricle when the valve leaflets do not close completely.

Noises associated with changes in the surface of the heart valves during their inflammatory edema or erosion are heard in the projection zone of the affected valves, they are distinguished by low volume.

With pericarditis, murmurs are heard in both phases, usually scraping.

Systolic murmur over the carotid and subclavian arteries auscultated with aortic stenosis, anemia, fever, thyrotoxicosis.

Increased pulsation of the carotid arteries observed with an open arterial (botallo) duct, insufficiency of the semilunar valves of the aorta. It should be noted that an increase in the pulsation of the carotid arteries can occur in highly febrile patients, in patients with thyrotoxic goiter, with strong nervous excitement, but this increase in the amplitude of oscillations is significantly inferior to the pulsation in the indicated heart defects and vascular anomalies. Often, increased pulsation in aortic insufficiency, caused by sharp and significant fluctuations in blood pressure during systole and diastole, is accompanied by shaking (nodding) of the head, synchronous contraction of the heart. This symptom is called Musset's symptom.

Increased pulsation of the veins and their increased blood filling is manifested by stagnation of blood and incomplete or difficult evacuation of blood from the right atrium. In this case, the pulsation does not coincide with the pulse on the common carotid artery, and its amplitude is small. Insufficiency of the tricuspid valve is accompanied by a pronounced swelling of the jugular veins and a large amplitude of their fluctuations. The pulsation in this heart disease coincides with the pulse on the common carotid artery. This symptom is called a positive venous pulse.

Pulsation in the second intercostal space to the left of the sternum due to the expansion of the pulmonary artery, which is observed in patients with an open arterial duct, Eisenmenger's syndrome.

Increased pulsation in the area above the jugular notch of the sternum it can be with a septal interatrial defect due to expansion and increase in the volume of the atrium, as well as with mitral defects. However, most often, increased pulsation in the jugular fossa is associated with increased ejection of blood into the aorta and this indicates left ventricular hypertrophy. This can be observed with mitral valve prolapse, mitral valve insufficiency, aortic valve insufficiency, open arterial disease. A careful examination of the chest along the ribs can sometimes reveal increased pulsation of the intercostal arteries, seen with coarctation of the aorta. With this malformation of the aorta, the intercostal arteries are dilated, since collateral circulation is carried out through them.

Expressed epigastric (epigastric) pulsation appears with an increase in the mass and volume of the right ventricle - hypertrophy and dilatation of it. It is noticeable immediately under the xiphoid process of the sternum and increases at the height of inspiration. Epigastric pulsation is found in mitral heart disease, aortic valve insufficiency, significantly pronounced tricuspid valve insufficiency.

The epigastric pulsation caused by contraction of the abdominal part of the aorta is not located directly under the xiphoid process of the sternum, but somewhat lower. In addition, it weakens at the height of a deep breath, since in this case the anterior abdominal wall moves away from the aorta. In case of insufficiency of the aortic valve and the tricuspid valve, the epigastric pulsation is due to fluctuations in the congestive liver, so the area of the pulsation is larger than in the epigastric pulsation of another origin.

Heart rhythm disorder

Heart rhythm disorder (arrhythmia) is a deviation from the normal sinus rhythm both in terms of frequency and regularity, as well as changes in the sequence of excitation of different structures of the heart, impaired formation and conduction of the impulse.

Heart rhythm disturbances are the result of changes in the functions of automatism and conduction. According to the mechanisms of occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias, they are combined into 3 main groups: 1) arrhythmias associated with a violation of the formation of an impulse; 2) arrhythmias caused by impaired impulse conduction; 3) arrhythmias arising from a violation of both the formation of an impulse and conduction. Within each of the main groups, subgroups are distinguished depending on various factors, among which the place of occurrence of the impulse, its mechanism, frequency, degree of disturbance, persistence and a number of other signs are taken into account.

Violation of the formation of an impulse

A. Nomotopic arrhythmias - a violation of the formation of an impulse in the sinus node. There are sinus tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia and sinus node failure (pause).

B. Heterotopic (ectopic) arrhythmias (an impulse originates outside the sinus node). These violations are divided into active and passive.

Active heterotopic rhythms are observed when an ectopic focus with pathologically increased excitability suppresses the sinus rhythm and becomes the causative agent of the heart rhythm; passive heterotopic rhythms - when the ectopic focus, with its usual automatism, takes on the function of a pacemaker due to inhibition of the function of the sinus node.

Active heterotopic arrhythmias

Paroxysmal tachycardia (PT).

Non-paroxysmal tachycardia and accelerated ectopic rhythms.

Flickering (fibrillation) of the atria.

Fluttering and flickering (fibrillation) of the ventricles.

Passive ectopic (replacing) arrhythmias

Slow atrial rhythm.

Impulse conduction disorders (heart block)

Combined disturbances in the formation and conduction of an impulse (combined arrhythmias)

Sick sinus syndrome.

Syndromes of premature excitation of the ventricles.

Currently, three main mechanisms of tachycardia are called: abnormal automatism, re-entry of excitation and triggered automatism. Normally, the heart rhythm is set by the cells of the sinus node, the automatism of which is much higher than that of the underlying centers. Abnormal automatism is formed in cells capable of automatic activity, but with increased activity. This is how the ectopic rhythm is formed. Trigger activity is due to spontaneous post-depolarization. Arrhythmias of re-excitation and circulation of excitation along a closed path.

Heart rhythm disturbances can occur in children who do not have clinical signs of heart damage (idiopathic arrhythmias), but they are often recorded in patients with various organic heart pathologies. From a practical point of view, the following types of rhythm and conduction disorders are of greatest interest: extrasystole and parasystole, premature ventricular excitation syndromes as the cause of paroxysmal and chronic atrioventricular tachycardia, tachyarrhythmias such as paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and flutter, sinus weakness syndrome node, atrioventricular block II-III degree. These arrhythmias are often accompanied by subjective manifestations, often leading to the development of so-called arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Most of them can be considered as life-threatening. In this regard, patients suffering from these cardiac arrhythmias require treatment.

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Sharply protruding and tortuous temporal arteries are observed in patients with hypertension and atherosclerosis.

When examining the neck of a patient with aortic valve insufficiency, one can see the pulsation of the carotid arteries (“carotid dance”). In this case, a peculiar phenomenon can be observed, expressed in shaking the head (Musset's symptom). It occurs due to a sharp pulsation of the carotid arteries with differences in maximum and minimum pressure. The symptom of "dance of the carotid" is sometimes combined with the pulsation of the subclavian, brachial, radial and other arteries and even arterioles ("pulsating man"). In this case, it is possible to define the so-called precapillary pulse(Quincke pulse) - rhythmic redness in the systole phase and blanching in the diastole phase of the nail bed with light pressure on its end (Fig. 36, a). The pre-capillary pulse can also be seen on the mucous membrane of the lips when pressing on them with glass (Fig. 36, b) or when rubbing the skin of the forehead, as a result of which the color of the pulsating spot changes from hyperemia to pallor and vice versa.

Rice. 36. Determination of capillary pulse in the area of the nail bed (a) and on the lower lip (b).

In the vertical position of the patient on the neck, sometimes a pulsation and swelling of the jugular veins is detected, which occurs due to difficulty in the outflow of venous blood into the right atrium. If the outflow through the superior vena cava is obstructed, the veins of the head, neck, upper limbs, anterior surface of the body expand and the blood is directed from top to bottom, into the system of the inferior vena cava. If the outflow through the inferior vena cava is obstructed, the veins of the lower extremities, as well as the lateral surfaces of the abdominal wall, expand and the blood is directed upwards into the system of the superior vena cava. If outflow through the portal vein is obstructed, a network of collaterals develops around the navel and blood is directed through the dilated superficial veins into the system of the superior and inferior vena cava.

On the neck, you can notice the pulsation and jugular veins ( venous pulse). Their alternating swelling and collapse reflect pressure fluctuations in the right atrium, depending on the activity of the heart. Slowing of the outflow of blood from the veins to the right atrium with an increase in pressure in it during atrial systole leads to swelling of the veins. The accelerated outflow of blood from the veins into the right atrium with a decrease in pressure in it during ventricular systole causes the veins to collapse. Consequently, during systolic expansion of the arteries, the veins collapse - negative venous pulse.

In a healthy person, swelling of the veins is clearly visible if he is in a supine position. When the position is changed to vertical, the swelling of the veins disappears. However, in cases of insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, exudative and adhesive pericarditis, emphysema, pneumothorax, swelling of the veins in the vertical position of the patient is clearly visible. It is due to stagnation of blood in them. For example, in case of insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, the right ventricle with each contraction ejects part of the blood back into the right atrium, which causes an increase in pressure in it, a slowdown in the flow of blood from the veins into it, and a strong swelling of the jugular veins. In such cases, the pulsation of the latter coincides in time with the systole of the ventricles and the pulsation of the carotid arteries. This so-called positive venous pulse. To identify it, it is necessary to push the blood out of the upper part of the jugular vein with a finger movement and press the vein. If the vein quickly fills with blood, then this indicates its retrograde current during systole from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

Rice. 37. Stokes collar (according to A. L. Myasnikov, 1956).

A sharp expansion of the veins of the neck with its simultaneous sharp edema (Stokes' collar; Fig. 37) is caused by compression of the superior vena cava.

Expansion of the skin veins in the region of the sternum and the anterior chest wall is observed with tumors of the mediastinum that compress the deep veins.

Pronounced pulsation in the epigastric region can occur due to contraction of the enlarged and hypertrophied right ventricle (cardiac shock) or pulsation of the abdominal aorta. In this case, the pulsation caused by the right ventricle is better seen under the most xiphoid process, especially with a deep breath, in the standing position of the subject. The pulsation of the abdominal aorta is more clearly visible somewhat lower than the previous one in the patient's supine position, especially on exhalation.

Pulsation of the liver is transfer and true. The first is due to the transmission of heart contractions to the liver. In this case, the entire mass of the liver moves in one direction. True pulsation is expressed in the alternation of an increase (swelling) and a decrease in the volume of the liver. It is observed, for example, with insufficiency of the aortic valves, and the swelling of the liver coincides in time with the apex beat. In this case, the pulsation of the liver is arterial. With tricuspid valve insufficiency, a true venous pulsation of the liver is noted, which occurs as a result of regurgitation (reverse flow) of blood through an open opening from the right ventricle to the right atrium, and from there to the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins. The latter causes swelling of the liver.

1. How to distinguish by palpation the pulsation of the internal jugular vein from the pulse on the carotid artery?

Normally, the jugular venous pulse is not palpable.

If the venous pressure is extremely high, then in some cases you can feel gentle wave-like vibrations with your fingers.

Note:

a. Supraclavicular pressure stops the jugular pulsation but never eliminates the carotid pulsation.

However, there is one subtlety here that should be remembered. Very high and strong pulsation of the jugular vein does not disappear with pressure on the lower region of the supraclavicular space. In order to stop the high-amplitude pulsation of the jugular vein at high venous pressure, it is necessary to press at least the middle of the neck (Fig.

Why does neck vein swell?

Rice. 8. Very intense jugular pulsation does not disappear with pressure directly above the clavicle, possibly because the tendon of the sternocleidomastoid muscle prevents adequate clamping of the jugular vein

b. Sudden and sharp pressure on the abdomen instantly makes the jugular pulsation more noticeable, but has no effect on the pulsation of the carotid artery.

How can the jugular pulsation be distinguished from the pulsation of the carotid artery by the contour of the pulse wave?

If the most pronounced rapid push is inward (i.e., represents a collapse), then the jugular veins are the source of the pulsation. The most extensive and fastest pulse movements on the carotid artery are directed outward.

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Pulsation (Latin pulsatio, from pulsus - push) is a jerky vibration of the walls of blood vessels, the heart and adjacent tissues. Distinguish between physiological and pathological pulsation.

Pathological pulsation of the heart and blood vessels in the chest area, epigastric and hepatic pulsation are of diagnostic value.

With an aneurysm of the innominate artery, a "pulsating tumor" is noted in the region of the sternoclavicular joint. The pulsation of the pulmonary artery is determined in the II intercostal space on the left in case of wrinkling of the left lung or with expansion of the pulmonary artery (hypertension in the pulmonary circulation).

Tumors in contact with the heart or large vessels can cause an abnormal pulsation in the chest area.

A sharp displacement of the heart in diseases of the respiratory system and a change in the location of the diaphragm leads, due to the displacement of the cardiac and apical impulse, to the appearance of an unusual pulsation in the chest area: in the III, IV intercostal spaces on the left with a significant wrinkling of the left lung and a high position of the diaphragm, in the III-V intercostal spaces behind the left midclavicular line with accumulation of fluid or gas in the right pleural cavity, on the right in the IV-V intercostal space along the edge of the sternum with wrinkling of the right lung, with left-sided pneumo- or hydrothorax or dextrocardia.

The descent of the diaphragm in emphysema can lead to a shift of the apex beat down and to the right.

The single-wave pulsation of the jugular veins in pathological conditions can be both presystolic and systolic (positive venous pulse). The exact nature of the pathological pulsation of the veins is determined on the phlebogram (see). On examination, one can usually see a pronounced pulsation in the form of one wave, less often two, after atrial contraction (presystolic) or synchronously with ventricular systole (systolic).

The most typical systolic pulsation of the jugular veins with simultaneous systolic pulsation of the enlarged liver with tricuspid valve insufficiency. Presystolic pulsation occurs with complete heart block, stenosis of the right venous opening, sometimes with atrioventricular rhythm and paroxysmal tachycardia.

Epigastric pulsation can be caused by contractions of the heart, abdominal aorta, liver.

The pulsation of the heart in this area is visible with a low standing of the diaphragm and a significant increase in the right heart. Pulsation of the abdominal aorta can be seen in healthy lean people with a flaccid abdominal wall; more often, however, it occurs in the presence of tumors of the abdominal cavity in contact with the abdominal aorta, and sclerosis or aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Hepatic pulsation is best determined by palpation of the right lobe of the liver. The true pulsation of the liver has an extensive character and is manifested by a rhythmic increase and decrease in the volume of the liver due to the changing filling of its vessels with blood (see Fig.

heart defects). Visible to the eye pulsation of the liver is determined by hemangioma.

Pathological pulsation of the arteries is observed when the walls of blood vessels thicken and cardiac activity increases in various pathological conditions of the body.

Graphic recording of the pulsation with the help of multichannel devices allows you to more accurately determine its nature.

What causes a vein in the neck to pulsate and what to do

About what to do if a vein in the neck pulsates, and what it can signal - further.

Causes

In an absolutely healthy person who does not have serious health problems, pulsation may occur after high-intensity physical exertion.

In some patients, nervosa manifests itself in this way, while in others, the vein begins to pulsate as a reaction to severe stress.

With a disease of the veins, heart, blood vessels or other internal organs, the symptoms are not associated, as a rule, there is no danger in a single occurrence. If you notice a connection between stress and pulsation of the veins, you can consult a neurologist.

The main cause of pulsation of the veins in the neck: heart failure in the right ventricle, accompanied by venous blood stasis in the systemic circulation.

At the same time, the vein does not just pulsate, it swells and expands.

When a pulse wave appears on the neck, it is not only well palpable - it can be seen from the side.

Why is this happening

Pulsating jugular veins can occur with the following health problems:

Thrombosis of large venous trunks.
Arrhythmia.
Heart or vascular disease (congenital or acquired).
Pericarditis.
Heart failure.
Emphysema of the lungs.
Mechanical effect on the superior vena cava (it happens with tumors or severe inflammation of neighboring organs).
Goiter located behind the sternum.
Aneurysm of the thoracic aorta.
Atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta.
Some other issues.

What to do

If you notice that the pulsation of the vein in the neck began to occur at a regular frequency, this is an alarm signal.

A doctor's consultation is a must.

For the diagnosis and treatment of these symptoms are responsible: therapist and cardiologist. They can refer you to narrower specialists, which include a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, oncologist, cardiac surgeon, pulmonologist.

Study

The primary study with complaints of the patient that the vein in the neck is pulsating is a palpation examination.

The doctor evaluates:

central venous pressure;
venous pulse.

Note that the pulsation can be caused by violations of the outflow of blood in the veins (venous) or in the arteries (arterial).

The doctor determines this during the initial examination.

One or more of the following tests may be needed to establish a more accurate diagnosis:

MRI with contrast;
Ultrasound of the neck and chest;
puncture;
duplex scanning of cervical vessels;
multislice CT scan of the cervical and thoracic regions;
Skull CT.

It is important to know: often the problem affects overweight people, so the doctor also pays attention to the patient's complexion.

Pulsation in the head and neck: all possible causes, features, what and how to be treated?

How is the presence of fat related to the pulsation of the veins?

Treatment

When neoplasms are detected, therapy is aimed at their removal.

Heart failure and arrhythmias are treated with lifelong medication. With aneurysm, atherosclerosis, and some other problems, the doctor may decide to perform an operation, but this practice is used if the vessels are severely pinched or clogged, which interferes with normal blood circulation.

If you notice a pulsating area on your neck once or twice, this does not mean that there is a serious danger to your health.

But regularly occurring pulsation is a symptom that you should definitely tell the doctor about, even if nothing else bothers you.

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Observation of the nature of the pulsation of the veins of the neck

According to the level and nature of the pulsation of the neck veins, one can judge the state of the right heart. The pulsation of the internal jugular vein on the right reflects the state of hemodynamics most accurately. External jugular veins may be dilated or collapsed due to extracardiac influences - compression, venoconstriction. Although the right internal jugular vein is not visible, its pulsation is judged by the fluctuation of the skin over the right clavicle - from the supraclavicular fossa to the earlobe, outward from the carotid artery.

Observation is carried out with the patient lying down with the body elevated - by 30-45 °, the neck muscles should be relaxed (Fig. 6).

Rice. 6. Visual determination of CVP (in a patient CVP = 5 cm + 5 cm = 10 cm water column)

Normally, pulsation is noticeable only in the region of the right supraclavicular fossa.

For each pulsation of the carotid artery, a double oscillation of the venous pulse is noted. In contrast to the pulsation of the carotid arteries, the pulsation of the vein is smoother, is not felt during palpation and disappears if the skin is pressed over the collarbone.

In healthy people, in a sitting or standing position, the pulsation of the neck veins is not visible. According to the upper level of pulsation of the right internal jugular vein, one can roughly determine the value of the CVP: the angle of the sternum is located at a distance of about 5 cm from the center of the right atrium, therefore, if the upper level of pulsation is not higher than the angle of the sternum (only in the supraclavicular fossa), the CVP is equal to 5 cm of water column, if the pulsation is not visible - CVP is below 5 cm of water.

Art. (in these cases, the pulsation is noticeable only when the body is in a horizontal position), if the level of pulsation is higher than the angle of the sternum, to determine the CVP, 5 cm is added to the value of this excess, for example, if the upper level of the pulsation exceeds the level of the angle of the sternum by 5 cm - the CVP is 10 cm ( 5 cm + 5 cm) aq.

Art. Normally, CVP does not exceed 10 cm of water. Art. If the pulsation of the cervical veins is noticeable in the sitting position, the CVP is significantly increased, at least 15-20 cm of water.

Art.
The venous pulse normally consists of two rises (positive waves "a" and "V") and two

When observing the pulsation of the jugular veins, it is easiest to identify:
1. Increased CVP - a clearly visible pulsation of the veins of the neck in a sitting position, usually swelling of the external veins of the neck.
2. A sharp decrease in CVP (hypovolemia) in patients with a clinical picture of collapse or shock - the absence of pulsation of the neck veins and the subcutaneous veins collapse even in a horizontal position.
3.

Atrial fibrillation - the absence of wave "a" of the venous pulse.
4.

Throbbing neck

Atrioventricular dissociation - irregular "giant" waves of the venous pulse.

When pressing the palm on the abdomen in the right hypochondrium, the so-called hepatojugular reflux is noted - an increase in the level of pulsation of the veins of the neck. Normally, this increase is short-term, and in patients with congestive heart failure, it persists during the entire time of pressure on the liver area.

Determination of hepatojugular reflux is carried out in patients with normal CVP, for example, after taking diuretics.

Pay attention to the pulsation of the carotid arteries (its changes occur with aortic valve insufficiency, vascular aneurysms), pulsation of the jugular veins (a positive venous pulse is characteristic of tricuspid valve insufficiency). Examination may reveal an enlarged thyroid gland. Severe swelling of the neck (Stokes' collar) due to obstruction of the outflow of lymph and blood is observed in tumors of the mediastinum. In some diseases (lymphocytic leukemia, lymphosarcomatosis, lymphogranulomatosis, tularemia), an increase in cervical lymph nodes can be detected.

When examining the neck of a patient with aortic valve insufficiency, one can see the pulsation of the carotid arteries (“carotid dance”). In this case, a peculiar phenomenon can be observed, expressed in shaking the head (Musset's symptom). It occurs due to a sharp pulsation of the carotid arteries with differences in maximum and minimum pressure. The symptom of "dance of the carotid" is sometimes combined with the pulsation of the subclavian, brachial, radial and other arteries and even arterioles ("pulsating man"). In this case, it is possible to determine the so-called precapillary pulse (Quincke pulse) - rhythmic redness in the systole phase and blanching in the diastole phase of the nail bed with light pressure on its end.

On the neck, you can notice the pulsation of the jugular veins (venous pulse). Their alternating swelling and collapse reflect pressure fluctuations in the right atrium, depending on the activity of the heart. Slowing of the outflow of blood from the veins to the right atrium with an increase in pressure in it during atrial systole leads to swelling of the veins. The accelerated outflow of blood from the veins into the right atrium with a decrease in pressure in it during ventricular systole causes the veins to collapse. Consequently, during systolic expansion of the arteries, the veins collapse - a negative venous pulse.

In a healthy person, swelling of the veins is clearly visible if he is in a supine position. When the position is changed to vertical, the swelling of the veins disappears. However, in cases of insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, exudative and adhesive pericarditis, emphysema, pneumothorax, swelling of the veins in the vertical position of the patient is clearly visible. It is due to stagnation of blood in them. For example, in case of insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, the right ventricle with each contraction ejects part of the blood back into the right atrium, which causes an increase in pressure in it, a slowdown in the flow of blood from the veins into it, and a strong swelling of the jugular veins. In such cases, the pulsation of the latter coincides in time with the systole of the ventricles and the pulsation of the carotid arteries. This is the so-called positive venous pulse. To identify it, it is necessary to push the blood out of the upper part of the jugular vein with a finger movement and press the vein. If the vein quickly fills with blood, then this indicates its retrograde current during systole from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

A sharp expansion of the veins of the neck with its simultaneous sharp edema (Stokes' collar) is caused by compression of the superior vena cava.

Visible jugular venous dilatation in standing and sitting positions indicates elevated venous pressure in patients with right ventricular heart failure, constrictive pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and superior vena cava syndrome.

Visible carotid pulsation may occur in patients with aortic regurgitation, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and severe anemia.

Observation of the nature of the pulsation of the veins of the neck

Rice. 6. Visual determination of CVP (in a patient CVP = 5 cm + 5 cm = 10 cm water column)

Normally, pulsation is noticeable only in the region of the right supraclavicular fossa. For each pulsation of the carotid artery, a double oscillation of the venous pulse is noted. In contrast to the pulsation of the carotid arteries, the pulsation of the vein is smoother, is not felt during palpation and disappears if the skin is pressed over the collarbone. In healthy people, in a sitting or standing position, the pulsation of the neck veins is not visible. According to the upper level of pulsation of the right internal jugular vein, one can roughly determine the value of the CVP: the angle of the sternum is located at a distance of about 5 cm from the center of the right atrium, therefore, if the upper level of pulsation is not higher than the angle of the sternum (only in the supraclavicular fossa), the CVP is equal to 5 cm of water column, if the pulsation is not visible - CVP is below 5 cm of water. Art. (in these cases, the pulsation is noticeable only when the body is in a horizontal position), if the level of pulsation is higher than the angle of the sternum, to determine the CVP, 5 cm is added to the value of this excess, for example, if the upper level of the pulsation exceeds the level of the angle of the sternum by 5 cm - the CVP is 10 cm ( 5 cm + 5 cm) aq. Art. Normally, CVP does not exceed 10 cm of water. Art. If the pulsation of the cervical veins is noticeable in the sitting position, the CVP is significantly increased, not less than cm of water. Art. The venous pulse normally consists of two rises (positive waves "a" and "V") and two

When observing the pulsation of the neck veins, it is easiest to identify: 1. An increase in CVP - a clearly visible pulsation of the neck veins in a sitting position, usually swelling of the external veins of the neck. 2. A sharp decrease in CVP (hypovolemia) in patients with a clinical picture of collapse or shock - the absence of pulsation of the neck veins and the subcutaneous veins collapse even in a horizontal position. 3. Atrial fibrillation - the absence of wave "a" of the venous pulse. 4. Atrioventricular dissociation - irregular "giant" waves of the venous pulse.

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Pulsating vein in the neck

What causes a vein in the neck to pulsate and what to do

Causes

The main cause of pulsation of the veins in the neck: heart failure in the right ventricle, accompanied by venous blood stasis in the systemic circulation.

At the same time, the vein does not just pulsate, it swells and expands.

When a pulse wave appears on the neck, it is not only well palpable - it can be seen from the side.

Why is this happening

Pulsating jugular veins can occur with the following health problems:

Thrombosis of large venous trunks.
Arrhythmia.
Heart or vascular disease (congenital or acquired).
Pericarditis.
Heart failure.
Emphysema of the lungs.
Mechanical effect on the superior vena cava (it happens with tumors or severe inflammation of neighboring organs).
Goiter located behind the sternum.
Aneurysm of the thoracic aorta.
Atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta.
Some other issues.

What to do

If you notice that the pulsation of the vein in the neck began to occur at a regular frequency, this is an alarm signal.

Study

The primary study with complaints of the patient that the vein in the neck is pulsating is a palpation examination.

Note that the pulsation can be caused by violations of the outflow of blood in the veins (venous) or in the arteries (arterial). The doctor determines this during the initial examination.

One or more of the following tests may be needed to establish a more accurate diagnosis:

MRI with contrast;
Ultrasound of the neck and chest;
puncture;
duplex scanning of cervical vessels;
multislice CT scan of the cervical and thoracic regions;
Skull CT.

It is important to know: often the problem affects overweight people, so the doctor also pays attention to the patient's complexion. How is the presence of fat related to the pulsation of the veins?

Treatment

Pulsation in the head and neck: all possible causes, features, what and how to be treated?

Many people are familiar with the feeling of pulsation in the head. Such a condition does not necessarily indicate pathology, it is possible and normal under certain conditions. Most often, the feeling of pulsation in healthy people is provoked by stress, strong emotions, physical overload, or a sudden change in the weather. In these cases, discomfort is short-lived and goes away on its own.

Causes of pulsation of the vessels of the head

Pulsation in the head accompanies such diseases as:

Autonomic dysfunction (vegetative-vascular dystonia (VVD);
Degenerative changes in the cervical spine - hernia, osteochondrosis, instability, congenital developmental features;
Vascular wall lesions - atherosclerosis, vasculitis;
Aneurysm, vascular malformation;
Neoplasms of the head and neck;
ENT pathology;
Glaucoma, incorrectly selected glasses;
Postponed craniocerebral trauma;
Neuroses, neurasthenia and other psychiatric problems.

Pulsation against the background of autonomic dysfunction is provoked by stress, emotional experiences, physical overload and overwork. Smoking and alcohol abuse have a negative effect.

cerebral arteriosclerosis

Such a pulsation becomes more noticeable with an increase in intraocular pressure, eye strain when working with a computer, reading, it is accompanied by a headache.

Throbbing in the neck

On the neck, both venous pulsation, most often associated with heart problems, and pulsation of the arteries with damage to the vascular walls proper, hypertension, etc., are possible.

Pulsation of the cervical arteries

Pulsation of neck veins

Swelling and pulsating vibrations of the venous walls on the neck to the lower jaw;
Expansion of the lumen of the veins during inspiration, pressure on the right hypochondrium;
Combination with swelling of the tissues of the neck, pulsating heart beats, pulsation in the epigastric region.

What to do with pulsating sensations in the head or neck?

Pulsation of the vessels of the neck

ARRYTHMIA.INFO

Common types:

Symptoms:

The information on this site should not be used for self-diagnosis and treatment and cannot be a substitute for in-person medical advice.

Swelling and pulsation of the neck veins

Causes and factors of occurrence

Increased pulsation of the cervical veins and their swelling can be traced in healthy people during stressful situations, neuroses, and excessive physical exertion.

Classification and signs

Signs of swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins are:

visible slow pulsation and swelling of the veins of the neck up to the angle of the lower jaw and even in the sublingual region;
in especially severe cases, swollen and dilated veins can also be found on the back of the hands;
swelling of the veins of the neck during inspiration (Kusmaul symptom);
swelling of the veins of the neck with pressure on the region of the right hypochondrium;
swelling in the neck;
visible pulsation of the heart in the region of the anterior chest wall, epigastrium, liver.

What diseases occurs

Swelling and pulsation of the cervical veins can occur in the following pathological conditions:

congenital and acquired heart and vascular defects (tricuspid valve insufficiency, aortic valve insufficiency);
heart failure;
pericarditis (constrictive, exudative);
cardiac tamponade;
hepatojugular reflux;
severe emphysema;
pneumothorax;
compression of the superior vena cava by a tumor or a pathologically altered adjacent organ;
neoplastic process (tumors) in the mediastinum;
aneurysm or severe atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta;
retrosternal goiter;
thrombosis of large venous trunks;
arrhythmias (complete transverse heart block, heart rhythm from the atrioventricular node with the occurrence of simultaneous contraction of the ventricles and atria).

Which doctors should be contacted

With the appearance of swelling and pulsation of the veins of the neck, it is necessary to consult a general practitioner, a cardiologist. Subsequently, you may need to consult a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, pulmonologist, oncologist, cardiac surgeon.

Select the symptoms that bother you, answer the questions. Find out how serious your problem is and whether you need to see a doctor.

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Causes of pulsation of the vessels of the head

Throbbing in the neck

Pulsation of the cervical arteries

Pulsation of neck veins

What to do with pulsating sensations in the head or neck?

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Pulsating vein in the neck

What causes a vein in the neck to pulsate and what to do

Causes

Why is this happening

What to do

Study

Treatment

Swelling and pulsation of the neck veins

Causes and factors of occurrence

Classification and signs

What diseases occurs

Which doctors should be contacted

Terms of use

Throbbing neck pain

Causes of throbbing pain

Diagnostic methods

How to identify the causes of neck pain?

What to do with throbbing pain in the neck?

What is the treatment for neck pain?

Pulsation of the vessels of the neck

ARRYTHMIA.INFO

Common types:

Symptoms:

Throbbing neck pain

Causes of throbbing neck pain

Treatment

Causes of pulsation of the vessels of the head

A little bit of anatomy

Pathology of the internal carotid artery

Atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery

Aneurysm

Treatment and therapy

Related articles: Principles of Carotid SurgeryDiagnosis and treatment of carotid stenosisDangerous symptoms: what promises the appearance of plaques in the carotid artery?Hypoplasia of the vertebral artery in the pathology of the blood tract

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Pulse on the carotid artery: anatomy, technique for determining, deviations from the norm

Anatomy of the carotid artery

How to determine the pulse on the carotid artery?

Video: determining the pulse on the carotid artery

Absence of a pulse in the carotid artery

Figure: Performing CPR in the absence of a carotid pulse

Causes of other deviations from the norm

Figure: views of the pulse on the carotid artery

Swelling and pulsation of the neck veins

Causes and factors of occurrence

Classification and signs

What diseases occurs

Which doctors should be contacted

Terms of use

/ 1st semester detproped / CCC / CCC semiotics

Why does neck vein swell?

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What causes a vein in the neck to pulsate and what to do

Causes

Why is this happening

What to do

Study

Pulsation in the head and neck: all possible causes, features, what and how to be treated?

Treatment

Add Comment or Review

Observation of the nature of the pulsation of the veins of the neck

Throbbing neck

SHEIA.RU

Pulsating vein in the neck

What causes a vein in the neck to pulsate and what to do

Causes

Why is this happening

What to do

Study

Treatment

Pulsation in the head and neck: all possible causes, features, what and how to be treated?

Causes of pulsation of the vessels of the head

Throbbing in the neck

Pulsation of the cervical arteries

Related articles:
Principles of Carotid Surgery
Diagnosis and treatment of carotid stenosis
Dangerous symptoms: what promises the appearance of plaques in the carotid artery?
Hypoplasia of the vertebral artery in the pathology of the blood tract