It is generally accepted that health problems in men begin after 40 years of age. This statement leads to the fact that many representatives of the stronger sex go to the doctor with already advanced diseases. But this could have been avoided by undergoing an ultrasound scan just once a year, which included an examination of the male genital organs and literally several types of tests.
Appointment with a urologist - 1000 rubles. Consultation with a doctor based on the results of ultrasound and tests - only 500 rubles. (at the request of the patient). Comprehensive pelvic ultrasound - 1000 rubles. Comprehensive ultrasound of the abdominal cavity - 1000 rubles.
When does a man need to undergo examination?
Urologists and other specialists treating men argue that after 30 years of age, men's health cannot be 100% perfect. By this age, pathologies associated with complications accumulate , which, due to their youth, many Don Juans were unable to avoid. Men's joints and spine hurt - a consequence of physical activity. Almost everyone has problems with the lungs and gastrointestinal tract - a consequence of bad habits and poor nutrition. hereditary diseases appear.
It is important not to miss the onset of the disease at an early stage, especially if parents or close relatives have become victims of cancer, diabetes, or cardiovascular pathologies.
Regularly checking your health is the norm, even if a man feels absolutely healthy. Moreover, this can be done very inexpensively and very quickly by visiting a specialized clinic.
What ultrasounds and tests do you need to undergo: a gentleman’s kit for a comprehensive examination
Every year the number of necessary preventive procedures is growing. The body does not get younger, the susceptibility to diseases increases, therefore, more and more organs require research. But examining the body from head to toe is a utopia, because there are countless possible pathologies. A reasonable solution is to limit ourselves to the most “fragile” organ systems in terms of susceptibility to disease.
The minimum examination schedule for a man without any particular pathological heredity is as follows:
| Age | Surveys | Specialists |
| 30 years | Blood tests (general,), , fluorography, , smear for infection | Therapist, dentist,, ophthalmologist |
| 40 years | + blood test for sugar concentration, ultrasound of the heart, , , | + gastroenterologist |
| 50 years | + x-ray of lungs (instead of fluorography), , dopplerography, gastroscopy | + cardiologist, vascular surgeon |
| 60 years | + ECG, EEG, rheoencephalography, colonoscopy | The same |
Comprehensive examination of men aged 25–30 years
At this age, the list of recommended examinations is small. Taking tests every 1 – 1.5 years will allow you to timely identify diseases of the blood system or an asymptomatic chronic inflammatory process.
Main . It is he who identifies and treats all pathologies of the genitourinary organs, , sexually transmitted infections. Even at a young age, you need to visit a urologist at least once a year. Minimum mandatory examinations under the program:
- – insurance from.
- If a man has an active sex life or is partial to tattoos, it makes sense to get And .
An annual blood pressure measurement will allow you to timely suspect hypertension, and undergoing fluorography will help rule out tuberculosis and lung cancer. It is recommended to visit a dentist and ophthalmologist. Diseased teeth can later cause problems with the gastrointestinal tract or provoke infection of the entire body.
What organs do ultrasound scans of in men aged 30–40?
A mandatory requirement is added to all previous examinations. . After age 30, men may experience unwanted weight gain, usually due to hormonal imbalance. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus increases. The endocrinologist will definitely refer you to .
In men of this age category, the processes of formation of atherosclerosis, which provokes heart attack and stroke, are activated. The risk of myocardial infarction is especially high in patients with intense work loads. In addition, age-related changes in blood vessels and heart begin. Possible manifestations of varicose veins and hernia.
Adenoma and prostatitis are a huge problem, the threat of which has only increased at this age. Complex will prevent chronic pancreatitis, peptic ulcer or cholelithiasis. If you have bad habits, poor nutrition and , you definitely need to go .
Comprehensive examination of men aged 40–50 years
The main enemies of men's health at this age are: and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the importance of annual and the heart is preserved. Peak mortality from heart failure in men occurs between 45 and 55 years of age.
Often after 40 years of age, men's vision decreases, and if in addition headaches appear, this is a symptom of glaucoma. Therefore, you should not forget to visit an ophthalmologist.
An annual examination of the heart condition remains mandatory, and Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities will prevent the development of thrombosis or varicose veins.
During this period, the risk of developing cancer of any part of the gastrointestinal tract increases due to men’s high commitment to alcohol and tobacco, that is, ultrasound of the abdominal organs is more relevant than ever. Once every 50 years, you need to undergo an intestinal examination to exclude the development of an oncological process. Not bad to go through .
What all men aged 50+ need to check
With age, your health should be under special control, since the risks become much greater. Tendency to thrombosis and their complications, hearing impairment, threat intestines and others are only part of the impending threat.
Must be taken every 2 years . The heart and blood vessels should be examined at similar intervals (to assess the blood supply to the brain and lower extremities). It is recommended to replace fluorography with an x-ray of the lungs. It is also necessary to take tests for sex hormones, this will prevent . We will consider below which ultrasounds of organs are performed for men over the age of 50.
Modern ultrasound techniques allow you to examine any male organ cheaply and painlessly. At the same time, ultrasound diagnostics is considered the most informative and safe of all modern methods.
TO Of course, it is advisable to undergo an examination of all organs, but even a comprehensive examination of the pelvis, abdominal cavity and male genital organs can detect up to 90% of all pathologies in the initial stage.
Ultrasound of the prostate, scrotum and testicles
The procedure can be carried out in several ways:
- Transabdominal– external method, scanning occurs through the abdominal wall. The most comfortable, but not sufficiently informative method;
- Through the skin of the perineum- recommended as a basic examination.
- Transrectally- through the rectum. This is the most common method due to the accuracy and information content of the results;
- Transurethral– through the urethra. It is used extremely rarely due to the risk of damage to the urethra.
The study can identify a number of serious pathologies:
- prostatitis;
- prostate cancer;
- adenoma;
- cyst.
To improve the quality of the study, special preparation for the procedure is necessary:
- Studyexternally- fill your bladder. To do this, drink 1 liter of non-carbonated liquid 1 – 1.5 hours before the ultrasound. If you feel the urge to urinate, go for examination;
- Transrectal method– 2 hours before the ultrasound, cleanse the intestines using an enema, microenema, glycerin suppositories or laxatives to feces did not interfere with visualization of the gland.
The duration of the procedure is 15 – 20 minutes.
Ultrasound of the heart
There are several ways to conduct research:
- Standard echo-CG procedure – external examination, Special sensors are placed on the patient’s body in the chest area to obtain images of the heart, cardiac vessels and blood flow;
- Transesophageal echo-CG - the device is inserted through the esophagus, the oral cavity and pharynx are treated with lidocaine to reduce discomfort;
- Stress echo-CG – examination of the heart during stress on the heart muscle. It is carried out using a treadmill or bicycle ergometer (pedals can be pedaled while lying down). Sensors are attached to the chest to continuously record the functioning of the organ.
The procedure is carried out to identify various cardiovascular diseases, heart defects, dystrophic and structural changes.
Before an ultrasound scan of the heart, it is prohibited to: overload physically, overeat, take stimulants or sedatives, or drink caffeinated drinks.
If the study is carried out through the esophagus, then 2 - 3 hours before the test it is necessary to refuse food. The duration of the procedure is about 20 minutes.
Comprehensive ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and kidneys
The study is carried out in a standard external way - by scanning organs through the abdominal wall. If a kidney ultrasound is being performed, the patient will be asked to lie on his stomach.
Using the procedure, a number of pathologies can be detected:
- acute and chronic hepatitis;
- cirrhosis;
- fatty infiltration;
- cysts;
- benign and malignant neoplasms;
- abscesses;
- cholelithiasis;
- acute and chronic cholecystitis;
- disturbances in the outflow of bile;
- acute and chronic pancreatitis;
- developmental anomalies;
- infectious and inflammatory processes;
- signs of hypertension;
- the presence of plaques, stenoses, blood clots.
To obtain accurate results, special preparation is required:
- 3 days before the ultrasound, complete exclusion from the diet of black bread, dairy products, fresh vegetables and fruits, legumes, sweets, flour, and carbonated drinks. During this period, take enterosorbents (activated carbon, espumizan, etc.) and food enzymes (festal, mezim, etc.);
- Before the procedure, you need to empty your bowels naturally. If you have an increased tendency to constipation, use an enema, laxative, glycerin suppository or microenema;
- Before the ultrasound, give up bad habits and chewing gum;
- Ultrasound of the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas requires abstinence from food for 8–12 hours. The procedure is carried out on an empty stomach. Patients with diabetes are allowed a light breakfast of sweetened tea and 1 - 2 crackers;
- With ultrasound of the gallbladder, additionally you need to take a choleretic breakfast with you: 200-300 ml of cream, sour cream or cottage cheese (20-25% fat) and 2-3 eggs (boiled or raw);
- During an ultrasound of the kidneys, the bladder should be full, so 1 hour before the procedure you need to drink 1 - 1.5 liters of still water. fluids and do not urinate.
On average, the duration of an ultrasound is about 30 minutes.
Ultrasound of the thyroid gland
The procedure allows you to quickly and accurately determine:
- number of small nodes;
- the presence of cystic and tumor formations;
- types of goiter;
- hypothyroidism;
- thyroiditis.
The method is completely safe and extremely informative. After this, there is no need to undergo a CT or MRI.
Ultrasound is performed using an external sensor. The patient lies down on the couch and tilts his head back, and the doctor examines the gland through the surface of the neck. Discomfort may occur during the procedure due to awkward head position.
No preparation for the study is needed. To prevent the gag reflex, elderly patients are recommended to undergo ultrasound on an empty stomach.
Ultrasound of the intestines
This study is extremely important for a man's health due to the threat of possible development of colorectal cancer. In the list of oncological pathologies, this disease accounts for 10% of all cancer cases in men in the world. Lung cancer has been in first place for many years.
Ultrasound of the intestine allows you to identify serious pathologies:
- fluid in the abdominal cavity;
- infectious and inflammatory processes in the intestines;
- adhesions;
- cystic and tumor (malignant and benign) formations;
- anomaly of organ localization;
- narrowing of the lumen in the intestine;
- abdominal abscesses;
- enlarged lymph nodes;
- intestinal diverticulosis;
- hematomas in the abdominal cavity;
- diffuse changes in the intestinal mucosa;
- ischemia of a section of the intestine, etc.
The procedure can be carried out using several methods:
- Transabdominal– through the anterior abdominal wall. The study can be carried out standardly or using contrast (ultrasound irrigoscopy). The disadvantage of the method is that it is not always sufficiently informative due to the limited capabilities of visualizing the organ. Since the procedure, unlike the endoscopic technique, does not cause discomfort, it is recommended to undergo it first. If the specialist still has suspicions, they are confirmed using endoscopic ultrasound.
- Endoscopic– by inserting a sensor into the anus. To improve visualization, the procedure may be performed with contrast (a sterile liquid is injected through a transducer catheter). This is the most informative method, capable of quickly and accurately identifying the pathological focus, but it causes discomfort.
- If a transabdominal ultrasound is performed, you need to drink 1 liter of non-carbonated liquid 1 - 1.5 hours before it. The urge to urinate is the “green light” for the procedure.
- If an endorectal ultrasound is planned - 2 hours before the ultrasound, clear the intestines of feces using a cool water enema, microenema, glycerin suppository or laxative.
The study lasts about 20 minutes.
Dopplerography
Dopplerography is a type of ultrasound examination that evaluates the condition of the arteries and veins. Regular completion of the procedure will protect a man from ischemic stroke by 80%.
Vascular ultrasound allows you to diagnose pathologies: aneurysms, stenosis (narrowing of the lumen), the formation of blood clots and occlusions (blockages), kinks in blood vessels, malforations (choroid glomeruli), etc.
Dopplerography can be performed in several ways:
- Ultrasonic Doppler – used to assess the direction, intensity, and nature of blood flow in the vessels.
- Duplex research differs from the previous method in being more accurate and informative. Used to assess vascular blood flow and their anatomy.
- Color mapping – the condition of even the smallest vessels and their patency is color coded.
No special preparation is needed for an ultrasound. It is advisable to just follow some recommendations:
- on the eve of the procedure, avoid stuffy and smoky rooms;
- stop eating salty foods;
- Do not drink energy drinks or caffeine-containing drinks, and refrain from smoking and alcohol.
These factors affect the tone and filling of arteries and veins.
Where to undergo a comprehensive examination for a man in St. Petersburg
p style=”text-align: justify;”> and analyzes are carried out in St. Petersburg. A new ultrasound diagnostic device with Doppler has been installed here. In addition to standard tests, the clinic can take a spermogram and undergo complex examinations for infections, cancer and hormonal diseases.
Most men do not like to go to doctors - every woman knows this. Only when they can no longer bear it at all do they agree to visit a doctor. And often they are diagnosed with serious and advanced diseases. But all this can be avoided if you monitor your health, undergo regular preventive examinations and examinations.
1. Test for PSA - prostate specific antigen
This study allows you to exclude or suspect prostate cancer. If the PSA level in the blood is elevated, this is not necessarily associated with cancer. It can also be inflammatory diseases of the genital organs or benign prostate adenoma. But in cases where the indicator deviates from the norm, you must definitely visit a urologist.
2. Testicular examination (testicular examination)
Testicular cancer is the most common type of cancer in young men under 35 years of age. Testicular examination allows you to detect testicular tumors at the very beginning of the disease, when there are still no symptoms. It is advisable to perform such an examination annually for boys and men aged 15–40 years.
3. Research to prevent colon cancer
Bowel cancer usually begins to develop after 45 years of age and progresses slowly enough that visible symptoms are detected only 10-15 years after the onset of the disease, when treatment is often ineffective. Therefore, preventive examinations should begin at the age of 45–50 years. These include:
- stool test for occult blood - annually;
- blood test for tumor markers – once every 2 years;
- colonoscopy – once every 10 years.
If there is a hereditary predisposition, then it is necessary to be examined more often, and begin at an earlier age.
4. Blood pressure control
Constantly high blood pressure - hypertension - is a very insidious disease. It may be practically not felt or manifest itself as a headache, weakness, which is often attributed to overwork and no measures are taken. And the result can be myocardial infarction, stroke, thrombosis.
Risk factors for hypertension are poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, bad habits, stress. Modern men have plenty of all this, so their risk of developing hypertension is quite high, and already from the age of 40 years.
5. Eye examination
After 40 years, a man is recommended to go to an ophthalmologist and undergo a full vision examination: check visual acuity, measure intraocular pressure, and determine the condition of all eye structures. Such an examination is necessary, even if nothing bothers you visually. If everything is fine with your vision, you should then have your eyes checked once every 2-4 years.
6. Tests for cholesterol and sugar
After 30-35 years, it is necessary to donate blood every 5 years to determine cholesterol levels. This is especially important for men, since, unlike women, they are more frivolous about their health, are addicted to heavy fatty foods, and do not like vegetables and fruits too much. And poor nutrition is one of the main risk factors for hypercholesterolemia, which threatens atherosclerosis, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases.
A very important indicator is the level of glucose in the blood. It helps to identify such a serious pathology as diabetes mellitus, which lasts for a long time without any symptoms. Diabetes mellitus, a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, is dangerous due to its complications: renal failure, loss of vision, gangrene. By regularly checking your blood sugar, you can identify prediabetes and stop the disease from progressing through diet and physical activity.
Doctors recommend donating blood for sugar before the age of 40 once every 5 years, after 40 years - once every 3 years. If you have a hereditary predisposition, are overweight, or have a sedentary lifestyle, this should be done more often - once every 1-2 years.
7. Cardiogram
An ECG is a very simple, accessible and harmless study of the heart muscle. Due to the fact that today cardiovascular diseases are younger, after 40 years of age it is recommended to conduct an ECG annually. If you have heart problems, as well as in older age, this test should be done more often, once every 3 months.
8. Preventive medical examination
Do not neglect regular visits to a therapist or family doctor for preventive purposes. Usually at such an appointment the doctor questions and examines the patient, listens to the heart, and measures blood pressure. If necessary, he can write out a referral for additional examinations or consultation with a specialist. Sometimes during such examinations diseases are discovered that the patient did not even suspect about.
There is no consensus on how often a preventive examination should be performed, but over the years it should be done more often.
According to medical statistics, men's health is much weaker than women's.- men have a shorter life expectancy, they get sick much more often and more severely, they do not tolerate stress well, and their pain threshold is much lower. Men are no less vulnerable in terms of intimacy. They are much more likely than women to become infected with all kinds of sexually transmitted infections; also, poor ecology, poor nutrition, harmful radiation, preservatives, promiscuous sex life and much more have a negative impact on men’s sexual health.
Male physiology is very susceptible to the influence of all kinds of negative factors, and in order to always be in excellent shape, a man simply needs to be regularly examined, closely monitor his health, and in case of illness, do not delay treatment, strictly following all the recommendations of doctors. Men are most susceptible to negative factors after 45 years; at this age, the body can be said to have practically exhausted its defense resources, and the body has practically lost its protective “cocoon” - immunity.
What risks and dangers do men face after 45 years of age?
Of course, all people at any age have a risk of getting sick, but men who have passed the age limit of 45 years most often acquire a certain set of diseases. More than 50% of Y chromosome carriers (men) of this age category have a weakening of male power, or, in medical terms, erectile dysfunction. Potency is influenced by many different factors - here are nutrition, stress, irregular sex life or promiscuity, bad habits and much more. Therefore, it is better to immediately, as soon as you notice any disruptions in your sexual health, rush to the doctor, get examined and get rid of the trouble.
Another disease that is often found in men of this age category is prostatitis - inflammation of the prostate. The causes of this disease lie in the same area as erectile weakness. It does not always appear immediately, so to be on the safe side, we recommend that you be regularly examined for the presence of this disease. The thing is that such a disease is asymptomatic at the beginning, which means that when it makes itself felt, the disease will already be quite advanced and it will be much more difficult to get rid of it.
In addition to sexual ailments, men slightly over 45 are also at risk of problems with the cardiovascular system - stroke, heart attack, atherosclerosis, and so on. Diseases of the joints and bones often occur - gout, as well as male menopause, the symptoms of which are similar to female menopause.
What examinations should men of any age undergo?
Arterial pressure: Be sure to measure your blood levels, because its indicators are a reflection of the work of the cardiovascular system. Having passed the age of 30, men, and women too, need to be examined annually to check their blood pressure. Remember, ideally the readings should be around 120/80 or 115/75.
Cholesterol and triglycerides: Checking cholesterol levels is also very important, because it is its readings that indicate the state of the cardiovascular system and the health of the liver. Checking LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), and checking triglycerides are the three main blood tests that should ideally be taken every 4-5 years, and after the age of 45, every year.
- In a sitting position, spread your arms in different directions, spread them, then begin to bend, feeling how the pelvic muscles move. Do the exercise 5-6 times.
- In a standing position, lift one leg and place it on a chair, bend down, bending your leg until it stops at the knee joint. Do the exercise 5-6 times on one leg and the same on the second.
- Standing at attention, bend in different directions without lifting your arms from your body. Do the exercise 5-6 times.
- While lying on your back, bend your knees, clasp your arms, release, and lie on your back again. Do the exercise 9-10 times.
- Lying on your back, place one hand on your chest and the other on your stomach, do deep breathing exercises, controlling body movements with your hands. Perform these exercises 5-6 times.
- Perform squats, stretching your arms forward with each movement. Do about 10-12 squats at a time.
- Do stretching and flexibility exercises.
- Lying on your back, perform exercises “Bicycle”, “flexion-extension of legs”, as well as press exercises.
In general, judging by statistics, maintaining a proper diet, following simple recommendations for maintaining health, remembering the main rule “a healthy mind in a healthy body”, You can feel young at any age.
Our top tips for men:
- Keep your sex life as regular as possible and do not have promiscuous sex. The main thing is that in your sex life, don’t try to be too zealous, setting love records, everything should be normal.
- If possible, give up alcohol, even if you can’t get rid of them completely, then at least reduce your alcohol consumption as much as possible and smoke less.
- If possible, give preference to one sexual partner, a permanent one, so to speak, or get used to using a condom.
- Make sure to undergo regular medical examinations; men, especially men over the age of 40, are recommended to have their blood tested twice a year. Be sure to undergo screening for cancer, as well as diseases of the cardiovascular system.
- Do not abuse medications to increase potency, even if they are prescribed by a doctor, strictly adhere to dosages and do not exceed the permissible dose.
Men are often negligent about their health. Therefore, it is extremely important for a woman to know what examinations to send her loved one for in order to identify possible health problems in the early stages and successfully solve them.
Although men are considered the stronger sex, this does not in any way affect the diseases that affect them. Due to their busyness or simple forgetfulness, men do not pay due attention to preventive examinations. But in vain. After all, this can help identify several serious diseases that often affect men. Therefore, women should pay attention to this issue and send their loved one for examination. Today Estet-portal will tell you which examinations are the most important for men.
Comprehensive examination for men
Considering that men are very nervous creatures and are unlikely to want to visit a medical facility twice, unless absolutely necessary, everything needs to be planned in detail. To do this, you need to find out the work schedule of all the necessary specialists and, if possible, visit each of them for just one day. You need to understand that most likely you will have to go with your man. But even if he goes on his own, you will still have to find out the doctors’ appointment schedules.
Here is a list of specialists who need to be visited during a comprehensive examination for a man:
- therapist;
- urologist;
- gastroenterologist;
- cardiologist;
- endocrinologist;
- ophthalmologist;
- dentist;
- dermatologist.
In addition, the man will need to undergo tests. Referrals for tests are often given by a therapist, so you need to go to him first. The therapist will also measure your blood pressure and refer you to doctors if they detect any signs of illness.
A trip to specialists is determined by the possible occurrence of a number of diseases that appear with age. We will talk about some of the problems below.
Urological examination of men
The first specialist a man should see is a urologist. All men know who he is and have been to see him at least once in their lives. But often, if a man does not have urological problems, he may not visit a urologist for years. And this is wrong. After all, a preventive examination by a urologist must be done once a year.
The most serious consequences of such careless attitude can be prostate or testicular cancer. Experts recommend screening for prostate cancer annually starting at age 35. Testicular cancer is a rarer disease and occurs mainly in men with a genetic predisposition or an undescended testicle.
In addition, there are many different problems that can also be detected during a urological examination. All tests to determine them are prescribed directly by the doctor.
Ophthalmological examination of men
Over the years, vision decreases. If a man does not have vision problems, then it is enough for him to undergo a comprehensive eye examination once every five years. It is better to have your vision checked by an ophthalmologist once a year. The number of visits to the ophthalmologist should increase if a person suffers from chronic eye diseases, diabetes and other diseases affecting the eyes.
One of the most dangerous age-related eye diseases is glaucoma. The essence of this disease is that the optic nerve is damaged under the influence of intraocular pressure. This is fraught with partial or even complete loss of vision. Therefore, a comprehensive eye examination necessarily includes an examination of intraocular pressure.
Visit to an endocrinologist and gastroenterologist
Type 2 diabetes is the most common of all. Surprisingly, about a third of patients did not suspect the presence of this disease. Statistics show that most of them are men. Unspecified diabetes, which no one controls, becomes the cause of heart problems, kidney problems and impotence. Therefore, visiting an endocrinologist for preventive purposes is so important. He will prescribe a series of tests and, if a disease is detected, he will tell you how to deal with it.
Visiting a gastroenterologist is especially important for men over 45 years of age. After all, it is at this age that intestinal cancer is often detected. It is important to undergo an examination, since 10% of men over 45 years of age are diagnosed with polyps, which become the cause of the development of intestinal cancer. It would not be out of place to say that this type of cancer is in second place in mortality.
Of course, these are far from problems that can arise in men as they age. But if you undergo regular examinations and do not neglect the preventive recommendations of doctors, you can protect yourself from complications associated with them. Estet-portal hopes that men will listen to our recommendations and devote enough energy and time to their health.
Getting a timely examination is the first and most important thing a man can do for his health. Detection of the disease at an early stage, even before symptoms appear, contributes to the most successful treatment and speedy rehabilitation. The necessary set of tests to undergo depends on age and risk factors.
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer after skin cancer. This is typically a slow-growing cancer but is very aggressive. Timely examination helps to identify the disease at a very early stage, sometimes even before the first symptoms appear, when treatment is most effective.
If you do not belong to a group with an increased risk of developing prostate disease, then regular examinations are recommended from the age of 50; If you have a family history of prostate disease or you observe symptoms of the disease, then from the age of 40.
Methods for diagnosing the prostate gland:
- Digital rectal examination is the simplest, most visual and common way to determine prostate diseases;
- Blood test. A small amount of blood is drawn from a vein in the arm and tested to determine the levels of total and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the serum.
Testicular cancer
The disease is rare. Most cases are detected between the ages of 20 and 54 years. Men who are at high risk, have a family history of the disease, or men with an undescended testicle should undergo regular self-examination. To do this, you need to carefully palpate to see if there are any hard lumps or soft formations, or if there are any changes in the size and shape of the testicles.
Bowel cancer
Bowel cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death. According to research from the American Cancer Association, among people over 45 years of age, about 10% suffer from intestinal polyps. In 1% of patients, polyps develop into malignant tumors. Colon cancer develops from polyp growths on the inner surface of the colon. It is important to find and remove polyps in time.
Colonoscopy — is a common method for identifying polyps. The doctor uses a flexible tube and camera to examine the surface of the colon; detected polyps can be removed immediately during the procedure.
Rectomanoscopy — allows you to examine the inner wall of the intestine at a height of 25 cm from the anus.
Irrigoscopy- X-ray examination of the large intestine with a contrast agent can detect polyps larger than 1 cm in the upper parts of the colon.
Skin cancer
The most dangerous form of skin cancer is melanoma. It develops from melanocytes - cells that synthesize the skin pigment melanin. Older men are twice as likely to develop melanoma as women of the same age. Prolonged exposure to the sun, sunburn, and excessive use of tanning beds increase the risk of developing skin cancer.
Dermatologists advise regularly examining yourself, paying attention to all formations, and monitoring changes in their color and shape.
Hypertension.
As you age, your risk of high blood pressure also increases. Your weight, your lifestyle and nutrition are of great importance. High blood pressure can lead to serious complications without any prior symptoms, including the development of an aneurysm (a sac-like bulging of the artery wall), which can cause bleeding and is often fatal.
When measuring blood pressure, we get two numbers: the first shows systolic pressure (pressure in the arteries during the heartbeat), the second shows diastolic pressure (pressure in the veins between heart beats). Normal blood pressure is 120/80. High blood pressure is considered to be a value of 140/90.
Blood cholesterol level
High levels of cholesterol in the blood lead to the adhesion of a fat-like substance to the walls of blood vessels, and then to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerosis is one of the most common diseases and causes of death; it can develop asymptomatically for many years. Over time, your risk of having a heart attack or stroke increases. To prevent the appearance of atherosclerosis, you should avoid fatty foods, bad habits (alcohol abuse, smoking), lack of physical activity and, as a consequence, excess body weight, systematic pressure changes (especially increased pressure), and stressful situations.
Starting from the age of 35, men need to determine their blood cholesterol levels every 5 years. A lipid panel blood test will show total cholesterol, good and bad cholesterol, and triglycerides (blood fats).
Diabetes mellitus type 2
A third of people with type 2 diabetes don't even know they have it. Uncontrolled diabetes leads to cardiovascular disease and stroke, kidney disease, blindness (damage to the blood vessels in the retina), and impotence. These complications can be avoided if type 2 diabetes is detected early. Taking medications, diet, exercise, and losing weight will help keep the disease under control.
A blood plasma glucose test helps identify diabetes mellitus. Your doctor may also order a hemoglobin A1C test, which shows how your body controls your blood sugar levels over time. From the age of 45, men are recommended to undergo a blood glucose test.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
HIV is a virus that causes the disease AIDS, which attacks the body's defense system against infections. The main mechanism of infection transmission is blood contact. The immunodeficiency virus can exist in the human body for ten to twelve years without showing itself in any way.
The main method of laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection is the detection of antibodies to the virus using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. If a person is already infected with the virus, the test result may be negative, so they should be tested again after 3-4 months.
Glaucoma
A disease that gradually damages the optic nerve, leading to significant or complete irreversible loss of vision. To identify a developing disease, it is necessary to undergo an examination to determine intraocular pressure, which is one of the causes of damage to the optic nerve.
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