Are you worried about vaginal mucus, but don't know what it might be causing? There are two options: the first - you have a completely healthy body, the second - you are seriously ill with something. To understand whether there is a disease, you need to know some nuances. See if clear mucus comes out of the vagina or not. Pay attention to how it smells. It also matters whether the mucus causes irritation of the skin and mucous membranes or not. Discharge that is of one color or another and causes you discomfort is a cause for concern.
Vaginal mucus is clear A
Doctors call it “cervical”. If you find discharge that is very similar to this, do not panic. Perhaps this is quite normal for you. This fluid is produced by the cervix. It is necessary to provide optimal conditions for sperm and protect them from death. The fact is that the acidic environment of the vagina quickly destroys cells, but it has an alkaline environment, which ensures movement and
maintaining the life of male seminal fluid. It may appear and disappear depending on Long before the discharge there may be no discharge at all (in its absence, dryness is felt), and at a time when the likelihood of becoming pregnant is very high, the mucus from the vagina may become liquid and there may be an excessive amount of it. This allows sperm to reach the fallopian tubes, where fertilization of the egg occurs.
from the vagina
You already understand that clear discharge is the norm, but what to do if you start having leucorrhoea? What kind of disease can they be a signal of and what should be done? To begin with, my advice to you is not to self-medicate. If you feel that your body is a little “stuck”, and even with such symptoms, then make an appointment with a doctor to find out the true cause of such discharge. In most cases, the symptom of white mucus refers to diseases such as candidiasis (thrush) or gardnerellosis.
It is these ailments that change the vaginal microflora in women and can cause inflammatory processes and dysbacteriosis. To “help” ailments come fungi of the genus Candida and microorganisms Gardnerella, which infect the body with incredible speed. They can also cause itching, irritation, and redness. Thrush can occur not only after frequent use of antibiotics, but also when changing sexual partners and even with unreasonable douching.
Vaginal mucus: treatment
Many problems that arise that are caused by diseases can be cured quickly enough if only you consult a good doctor in time. Tell us about your problem and the symptoms that concern you. Such information will make it easier to identify the disease. The gynecologist will do certain tests and diagnose your disease. In most cases, the specialist prescribes a course of treatment using various suppositories, tablets and douching procedures.
You should not rush to the pharmacy for medicine if there is more clear liquid than usual. In this situation, it is strictly forbidden to begin self-medication with medications. This may affect the secretion of fluid, but such manipulations can provoke the appearance and development of diseases. As a result, incretion may be accompanied by an unpleasant odor, swelling, change in mucus color, itching, uncomfortable sensations and other consequences of using medications for other purposes. It is better to make an appointment with a doctor, because only a specialist can determine whether the patient is healthy or not.
Normal manifestations
Transparent discharge in women appears from the moment of puberty and accompanies them throughout their lives.
They are absent only in girls, when the egg is just maturing and the hormone estrogen is not yet produced. After the first menstruation, clear liquid begins to appear regularly, changing its consistency and volume at a certain phase of the cycle. Discharge with the following indicators is considered normal:
- no unpleasant odor;
- no irritation appears on the genitals;
- body temperature is not higher than normal;
- liquid consistency (at different phases of the cycle there may be jelly-like discharge);
- transparent liquid without changing color or having streaks;
- vaginal manifestations do not greatly exceed the norm;
- do not cause discomfort in the vagina or pain.
Menstrual cycle
Little girls should not have any genital discharge at all. Vaginal secretions can begin to form only before the first menstruation. Most often, the first secretions are slightly white in color, liquid, with a sour smell or without it at all. Transparent white liquid is the norm for women and girls; it moisturizes the uterus and vagina, protecting them from infections. During the menstrual cycle, the properties of the secretion change depending on a certain phase:
- During the first phase (from the last day of menstruation to the 11th day), the fluid is usually of a homogeneous type and comes out in small quantities. Usually the discharge is clear or slightly white, slightly watery, semi-liquid, with a barely noticeable sour odor or without it at all.
- The next period is ovulation. It lasts 1-2 days, and during this period the amount of secretion increases. It is during the period of ovulation that transparent, stretchy mucous discharge is observed. They have mostly no odor or are slightly sour.
- In the second phase, shortly before the start of menstruation, the amount of secretion decreases again, it acquires a thicker consistency, resembling jelly in appearance. Just before menstruation, the volume of fluid secreted by the female genital organs increases. Such changes in women occur cyclically and cover their entire reproductive period.
Intimacy
When a woman becomes aroused, this is accompanied by the release of a large amount of watery fluid. It is a natural lubricant and increases the comfort of intimate relationships. When sexual intercourse is over, a special discharge appears from the vagina.
Sexual intercourse not protected by a condom provokes the production of a transparent, thick secretion by the female genital organs. If sexual intercourse was interrupted or carried out using contraception, then after it scanty white or yellow discharge is observed in women, the consistency of which resembles cream. A few hours after sexual intercourse, the female secretion becomes liquid, white, and abundantly produced.
Pregnancy and childbirth
When a woman is pregnant, her body changes its hormonal status. Due to the fact that at the beginning of pregnancy, blood circulation increases in the genitals of the expectant mother, the vagina produces a large amount of clear liquid, with a watery consistency. As we approach the end of gestation, it becomes more mucous and is produced even more abundantly. During this period of pregnancy, clear, stretchy mucous discharge is normal for women. At the end of pregnancy, vaginal manifestations in the form of a very watery fluid can be considered dangerous. This suggests that there is a risk of premature birth, because such fluid may be amniotic fluid.
By the end of 7-8 weeks after the baby is born, they are cleared of excess impurities. At first they look like thick mucus, but after a short period of time they become transparent and liquid, that is, the same as they were before pregnancy. While breastfeeding continues, very small amounts of clear fluid will be released in the female genital organs. But if vaginal manifestations have changed their color, acquired an unpleasant odor, and the discharge is accompanied by pain, itching, swelling or other abnormalities, this is a reason to consult a doctor, since such changes in the body indicate the appearance of a disease.
The influence of hormonal drugs
During the period of taking any hormonal medications (this can be either contraceptives or medications for other purposes), changes occur in the body, which causes inhibition of the ovulation process. Because of this, the amount of mucous, clear, liquid vaginal manifestations is significantly reduced. But this doesn't always happen. There are cases when, as a result of taking hormonal drugs, the amount of fluid from the genitals increases noticeably.
But the mucus secreted should not cause itching, discomfort, swelling, inflammation or an unpleasant odor. Since contraceptive drugs create a suitable environment for the life and reproduction of various microorganisms, quite often, in addition to pills, doctors prescribe drugs that allow the microflora to recover. When taking hormonal drugs is stopped, the production of secretions from the female genital organs stabilizes and occurs as usual.
Women's health during menopause
When a woman reaches menopause, hormonal stability is disrupted and this leads to a change in the amount and nature of mucus produced by the genitals. Vaginal manifestations are significantly reduced in number, this causes dryness inside the genital organs, resulting in feelings of discomfort and even pain. Such changes occur due to the fact that the vaginal mucosa and vulva become dry, thin and practically do not produce “lubricant”. If during menopause the vagina begins to produce large amounts of mucus, this may be a sign of a serious illness.
The body's reaction to a change of partner
When a woman changes sexual partner, instead of normal clear fluid, the vagina may begin to produce thick, viscous mucus in large quantities. Such changes occur due to the fact that the microflora in the cervix, vagina and other female organs changes during sexual contact with a new partner.
Entering the female body, the flora of a new sexual partner provokes in the vagina the process of getting used to completely unfamiliar microorganisms, fungi, and bacteria. Sometimes, when changing partners in the vagina, women may begin the process of rejection. In this case, there is often an increase in the amount of mucus produced, a change in its consistency and color. After a certain time, the female body gets used to the partner, and the vaginal microflora is restored. If you change sexual partners too often, women can develop serious diseases that can even lead to infertility.
Preventive measures
To prevent the female genital organs from starting to produce “incorrect” secretions, it is necessary to carry out prevention. And first of all, you need to worry about proper hygiene of intimate areas. And to do this, when washing, you need to use intimate hygiene products containing extracts from medicinal plants, components with moisturizing properties, as well as lactic acid.
As you now understand, clear fluid from the vagina is a sign that the female body is working as it should. The nature of the discharge may change under the influence of various factors, and this is the norm. But you need to be very careful and monitor serious changes in the secretion produced by the female body. If the discharge has acquired an unusual color or has begun to cause discomfort, then you should not risk your health, but should immediately go to an appointment with a gynecologist. The reasons for such changes may be associated with serious diseases.
Discharge- a common occurrence, but they can be signals of the presence of a disease. You need to not only know what types of discharge exist and how they differ from each other, but also be able to identify them.
What types of discharge are there? They are not only transparent in color, but also in different shades with different smells. What is normal and what may cause concern?
Mucus discharge in women
Mucus is one of the natural secretions produced by a woman's body. Discharge refers to a protective reaction on the part of the body, providing moisture and the necessary environment for a woman’s hormonal system. Most women experience a large amount of mucus at some point in time.
How to get rid of women's disease? Irina Kravtsova shared her story of curing thrush in 14 days. In her blog, she explained what medications she took, whether traditional medicine was effective, what helped and what didn’t.
If the mucus is transparent in color, and is not accompanied by a sharp and unpleasant odor, and does not cause discomfort for the woman, then this is a sign of normal and healthy reproduction, namely the functioning of the ovaries.
To be more precise, a woman can secrete up to two milliliters of discharge per day. The formation of this type of discharge is not a sign of pathology. This process, in other words, is called the process of cleansing the vaginal environment.
It should also be noted that the volume of mucus and its structure depend, first of all, on the phase in which the menstrual cycle is:
Cause of mucus discharge
The production of secretions can occur as usual, or it can occur completely suddenly and cause discomfort for the woman’s body. What contributes to this and why is secretion produced?
In fact, secretions can normally be produced for several reasons:
In addition, in an excited state, the volume of mucus increases. This is normal and a sign of ovarian function.
Causes of white mucous discharge
Mucous discharge of a white transparent color is one of the most common types of discharge that can cause misunderstandings in women. The presence of leucorrhoea in the discharge in certain cases can become a “bell” about the presence of health problems, and in some cases it can even indicate the functioning of the reproductive system.
In fact, this color of discharge is a characteristic sign of the following types of diseases:
- vaginitis;
- bacterial vaginosis;
- and others.
However, before drawing conclusions, you need to monitor your health.
If leucorrhoea is released without any characteristic odors, there is nothing to worry about. If symptoms such as itching and burning sensation are present, then this is an indicator of disease.
The reasons for the formation of white mucous discharge may be the following:
- sexually transmitted diseases such as: , ;
- bearing a child;
- changes in the functioning of hormonal levels;
- during sexual intercourse.
Also, as noted earlier, white discharge can characterize the presence of pathologies such as thrush, chlamydia, bacterial vaginosis, adnexitis and vaginitis.
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Brown discharge with mucus
Often, women are worried about the brown discharge produced from the vagina along with mucus. The occurrence of this type of discharge indicates bleeding inside. That is, the process of oxidation of the blood takes place, which subsequently comes out.
Causes of thick brown discharge:
Yellow mucous discharge
In addition to brown, white and transparent discharge, women often experience yellow discharge.
The norm includes those secretions that are released:
Yellowish mucus can also be due to the formation of some kind of disease:
My personal story
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Our reader Egorova M.A. shared her experience:
It’s scary when women don’t know the true cause of their illnesses, because problems with the menstrual cycle can be harbingers of serious gynecological diseases!
The norm is a cycle lasting 21-35 days (usually 28 days), accompanied by menstruation lasting 3-7 days with moderate blood loss without clots. Alas, the state of the gynecological health of our women is simply catastrophic; every second woman has some kind of problem.
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Mucus with blood
Types and volumes of allocation
As you know, discharge varies in volume and type of variety. To be more specific, the discharge can be different in color, and also occur at different times and be accompanied by different odors. All these conditions have a global impact on a woman’s health and make it possible to determine the presence of any pathology.
So, as mentioned earlier, there are discharges:
- white;
- with bloody particles;
- colorless
As for the volume of discharge, it is worth saying that the discharge differs:
- abundant type;
- smearing type.
Typically, spotting discharge occurs in cases of wound healing during surgical operations, as well as during critical days and after their completion.
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During menstruation
As mentioned earlier, menstruation is a fairly important period for women's health. It is during this period that discharge of various types may appear. Mucus and brown discharge may appear.
Typically, brown discharge forms at the end of the menstrual period. Of course, during menstruation, the discharge becomes red in color. That is, during this period, blood is released due to the circumstances that the process of endometrial rejection is taking place.
In the middle of the cycle
In the middle of the cycle, discharge in a large volume of transparent color may also occur. The formation of such secretions indicates, first of all, the period of ovulation in which an increased volume of mucous secretions is released.
Such discharge should not raise questions and scare away a woman. There is no reason to worry at all. However, as mentioned earlier, this should not frighten or alarm a woman if there is no characteristic odor, as well as symptoms indicating the presence of pathology.
During menopause
– this is also no less important period in the life of every woman, like the period of bearing a child and the reproductive system as a whole.
During menopause, the body also produces secretions.
This is explained primarily by the fact that during such a period, the hormonal system undergoes changes.
Due to changes in hormones, secretions resembling mucus are produced.
When taking hormonal drugs
Often, women neglect to take hormonal drugs as contraception. It is hormonal drugs that can provoke an increased volume of discharge. Why is this happening?
All this is explained, first of all, by the fact that the hormonal drug affects the hormonal levels and reproductive system of a woman. This is the reason. Vaginal discharge can be one of the indicators of changes in hormonal levels.
Age-related discharge
As women age, they experience an increased volume of discharge.
This may be due to the aging of the woman and her body as well.
The older a woman gets, the more her hormonal system undergoes changes.
As a rule, with age, menstruation begins to disappear due to the onset of menopause.
During this period, menstruation occurs with spotting.
Due to stress
Stressful situations often have an impact on women's health. Such situations can cause a number of diseases and also cause discharge.
Due to nervousness, women may produce increased amounts of mucus. The appearance of discharge cannot be explained by anything other than the occurrence of stressful events in a woman’s life.
During pregnancy
The pregnancy process is extremely important for any woman and for her health. Very often during this period, a woman’s hormonal system undergoes changes.
In such cases, the appearance of mucus is not surprising. Often, the appearance of discharge can be caused by changes in hormonal levels.
After childbirth
After the birth of a child, women's hormonal levels change and the body needs time to restore to its previous state before childbirth. During this period, discharge of a completely different nature can be observed. If there are no infectious diseases, there is no reason to worry at all.
During lactation
The lactation period is also no less important than other periods in a woman’s life. During lactation, a woman devotes all of herself to feeding her child. The hormonal system is subject to change during this period and the appearance of discharge cannot cause any confusion.
Vaginal discharge is divided into physiological, normal for a certain age and stage of the menstrual cycle, and pathological associated with genital diseases. It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a course of treatment based on a single symptom, but the appearance of a discharge different from the norm gives reason to contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination.
Normal the discharge consists of a mixture of mucus, dead epithelium and microbial cells, the secretion of the Bartholin glands located in the vestibule of the vagina. They contain glycogen, a nutrient for beneficial microflora, and lactic acid, a waste product of lactobacilli. Glycogen levels are highest on the day of ovulation. Normally, there is clear or whitish discharge, the consistency is mucous, with small lumps or homogeneous, without an unpleasant odor, in a volume of up to 4-5 ml per day.
Beli
Copious vaginal discharge or scanty, but atypical in character or smell, is called leucorrhoea. Leucorrhoea creates a constant feeling of wetness, burning and itching in the perineal area. Causes copious discharge - inflammatory processes ( , ); infectious diseases of the urogenital organs, nonspecific or STDs; tumors or injuries of the internal genitalia; allergic reactions to latex, spermicidal lubricants, underwear and hygiene products for intimate areas.
By origin, vaginal discharge is distinguished, uterine and tubal (watery, large in volume) and cervical (thick, scanty).
Leucorrhoea with pus is a symptom of inflammation,bloody ones are often associated with the development of a tumor; curdled or white flakes are characteristic of thrush; orange and greenish with a putrid odor - for gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis);foaming ones appear with trichomoniasis.
Leucorrhoea may appear after long courses of contraceptives, after douching with antiseptics; for constipation and a static lifestyle, leading to stagnation of venous blood in the pelvis. Prolapse of the vaginal walls, microtrauma of the genitals after sexual intercourse, and ruptures of the perineum also cause the formation of leucorrhoea.
Mucus discharge is normal
The first mucous discharge is observed in newborn girls, the appearance of secretion is associated with residual amounts of maternal hormones. After 3-4 weeks, the discharge disappears and appears again by the age of 8-11 years, when the production of one’s own estrogens increases. Mucus is secreted periodically, looks like raw egg white or rice water, has a sour smell, color – white with a yellowish tint.
Further, during puberty, cyclic vaginal discharge appears. The beginning of the cycle is considered the first day of menstruation; in the 1st half of the cycle and until its middle, which coincides with ovulation, there is less discharge. They are mucous or watery, homogeneous, possibly with small lumps. In the middle of the cycle - mucous and abundant, viscous consistency, possibly beige or brownish tint.
After ovulation Jelly-like discharge, similar to jelly. The content of lactic acid, which is produced by lactobacilli, increases in them, and the discharge acquires a sour odor. Increased acidity protects the vaginal mucosa, which during this time period is more loose and vulnerable to infection. Before menstruation, the volume of mucous discharge increases again.
Discharge during pregnancy liquid and abundant, whitish or transparent. Before childbirth, the cervix dilates, and the cervical plug comes out in the form of a rather large clot of mucus, possibly mixed with scarlet blood. Usually the release of the plug coincides with the first contractions. If there is more vaginal secretion than usual, then you should go to the gynecologist: perhaps amniotic fluid is “leaking.”
The presence of liquid blood or bloody clots in the discharge suggests an ectopic pregnancy, a threat of miscarriage pregnancy, atypical position (presentation) or placental abruption. All options are dangerous; at any moment they can be complicated by bleeding and result in death. A pregnant woman who notices the appearance of scarlet blood from the vagina should immediately lie down, then immediately call an ambulance.
White discharge
During puberty, vaginal discharge may be a consequence of inflammation intestines, bladder, uterus or ovaries. These episodes contain pain associated with urination, intestinal colic or pulling sensations in the lower abdomen and lumbar region. The temperature may rise, a blood test will show signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, increased ESR): then treatment for inflammation will be needed.
10-12 months before the onset of the first menstruation, the vaginal mucosa reacts to hormonal changes and liquid, transparent or white discharge is formed, the color of very diluted milk, odorless or sour. No measures need to be taken if there are no complaints of burning or itching in the perineum, and the discharge does not take on a cheesy appearance.
After the onset of sexual activity, the consistency and composition of the discharge changes, the reason is the addition of the partner’s microflora, which differs in composition from the vaginal flora. It takes time to adapt, different in each case, and the situation will return to normal again. During the adaptation period, the volume of secretion increases, the discharge becomes more liquid, with a pale yellowish or whitish tint. A change in sexual partner is almost always associated with a change in the nature of vaginal discharge.
After unprotected sexual intercourse, the discharge normally first takes the form of yellowish or white clots, and after 5-8 hours the secretion turns into liquid and abundant. After protected intercourse, white and thick discharge appears, resembling lubricant.
Taking contraceptives or breastfeeding reduces normal secretion: vaginal discharge is scanty and thick, white or yellowish in color.
gives white curdled discharge, abundant, sour in smell. Sometimes the discharge resembles yellowish curd lumps or white flakes. The disease is accompanied by itching and swelling of the genitals, irritation of the skin of the perineum. The development of candidiasis is a sign of decreased immunity.
curdled white coating in the vagina due to thrush
Thrush is often combined with STDs(, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis) and, manifests itself in metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus) and tumors. Candidiasis definitely requires treatment.
Video: vaginal discharge - normal and pathological
Yellow and green discharge
“Colored” vaginal discharge occurs with STDs, bacterial vaginosis (gardnerellosis), and nonspecific genital inflammation.
With STDs, leucorrhoea is always accompanied by pain and burning associated with urination.
: when examining the vagina, visible yellow discharge, emerging from the cervical canal and flowing down the walls of the vagina. Leucorrhoea is accompanied by pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, and enlargement of the Bartholin glands. The diagnosis is confirmed by PCR analysis.
: leucorrhoea profuse, foamy, greenish or yellowish, with a pungent putrid odor. They can flow onto the perineum, inner thighs and cause skin irritation.
: the volume of discharge is moderate, color yellowish-white. May be accompanied by bleeding that does not correspond to the cycle, pain of the “lowered belt” type - lower back, lower abdomen, inner thighs. With gonorrhea, a putrid smell of leucorrhoea is often encountered; a change in their color from grayish-white to yellow indicates the transition of the acute stage of the disease to the chronic stage.
: Leucorrhoea profuse, grayish-white, with the smell of rotting fish. Sticky, yellow-green and even orange discharge is typical for an untreated, long-term disease. The itching is not severe, it occurs periodically. All symptoms worsen immediately after sexual intercourse.
Nonspecific vaginitis(colpitis): with this disease, leucorrhoea is the main symptom. The type of vaginal discharge varies depending on the severity of the process. When the vagina is inflamed, the secretion becomes acidic in reaction, viscous and stretchy in consistency, or abundant and liquid, and loses transparency. Leukocytes give a cloudy white tint,the yellowish-green color is due to the presence of pus,yellowish-pink – blood. At the initial stages of inflammation, serous leucorrhoea is liquid, watery; then they transform into purulent ones - thick, green, with a strong putrefactive odor.
and adnexitis: inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. They can manifest themselves as specific complications caused by an ascending venereal infection with an STD, or “ordinary” inflammation of the internal genitalia. Discharge is always accompanied by abdominal pain; in the acute period - periodic, cramping and strong, in the chronic stage - medium and low intensity, constant, dull, pulling.
Let's summarize. Causes of yellow and green leucorrhoea:
- foamy discharge is a characteristic sign of an STD;
- copious discharge is typical for the acute stage of colpitis, adnexitis and salpingitis;
- scanty leucorrhoea - for chronic adnexitis and salpingitis.
Brown and pink discharge
Associated with the presence of blood in vaginal discharge; may appear for physiological or pathological reasons.
Physiological reasons:
- Small brown ones pink or scarlet discharge in the middle of the cycle: the laundry does not get dirty, the color is visible only on sanitary napkins or toilet paper. Secretion signals that ovulation has taken place, which helps plan pregnancy.
- Pinkish and brownish discharge– the norm for the end of menstruation, when complete rejection of the endometrium has occurred and the proliferation phase (growth of new endometrium) begins.
- Bloody issues while taking hormonal drugs. If they continue for more than three cycles, then it is worth changing the contraceptive and being examined by a gynecologist.
- Cervical mucus discharge mixed with bright blood- in pregnant women before childbirth.
Pathological causes
Pathological causes may be: sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea), endometritis, uterine tumors, endometrial hyperplasia, polyposis, cervical erosion, endometriosis.
For gonorrhea the infection rises from the vagina upward, affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Appearance blood in the form of veinsamong mucopurulent discharge and intermenstrual bleeding are signs of an ascending gonococcal infection. A confirmed diagnosis is made after the test, which must be positive for gonorrhea, or after the detection of gonococci in it.
– inflammation of the functional uterine layer, which is updated after each menstrual cycle. Brown leucorrhoea, associated with endometritis, appear before and after menstruation; it is also possible to discharge brownish mucus in the middle of the cycle. Almost always, inflammation of the endometrium is combined with its hyperplasia (proliferation) and menstrual bleeding, often the cycle is shortened. Heavy bleeding leads to anemia, the hemoglobin content drops to 50-70 g/l (the norm for women is 120-140 g/l). The woman feels constant fatigue, shortness of breath and dizziness appear even with minor physical effort.
Endometrial hyperplasia is considered a precancerous condition.
To return the endometrium to normal, you must first cure the inflammation. The course of antibiotics lasts at least 3 months, drugs are prescribed for 3 menstrual cycles.
Endometriosis – overgrowth of glandular tissue (endometrium) in the cervix and muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium), fallopian tubes, ovaries, and abdominal organs. Endometrial cells end up in unusual places during abortion, during instrumental examinations of the uterus, during childbirth and during the return of menstrual mass. Endometriosis spreads i, leads to numerous local inflammations and formation adhesions; common complication - infertility.
Typical nagging pains during menstruation, bloody discharge from all foci of endometrial growths. At colposcopy small multiple nodules or cysts, bluish or red stripes are visible on the cervix. Bloody brown leucorrhoea becomes lighter after menstruation, its volume decreases during this period and increases again before the next menstruation. Endometriosis of the abdominal organs is a common cause of internal bleeding and subsequent surgery (laparotomy).
Cervical erosion: violation of the integrity of the mucous membrane; during examination, acetic acid, 3-5% solution, is used to determine the boundaries of erosion. After smearing the surface with acid, erosion is visible as a whitish spot on a pink background. When erosion occurs, small bloody discharge appears, and its amount increases after sexual intercourse.
Bloody discharge due to cancer
Endometrial hyperplasia accompanied by spotting brown or bloody discharge before and after menstruation. Acyclic uterine bleeding is possible: it lasts for a long time, up to several weeks or even months, and leads to anemia. The disease develops due to hormonal imbalance, problems with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism (obesity, diabetes), hypertension, after gynecological operations, with a hereditary predisposition, as a consequence of STDs - after inflammation of the uterus, with endometritis.
For treatment, combined estrogen/gestagen drugs are used, and for severe bleeding, endometrial curettage. A biopsy is required to assess the degree of cellular atypia and proliferation of glandular tissue. If cancer is suspected, the examination is repeated.
Polyps in the uterus– these are elongated growths of the endometrium, symptoms of polyposis often become brown discharge and postmenstrual bleeding. There may be discomfort during sexual intercourse, and immediately after it there may be spotting brownish discharge. The causes of the formation of polyps are considered to be an imbalance of estrogens and gestagens, inflammation of the endometrium and the cervical canal. Small polyps are discovered by chance; large ones (more than 2 cm) are manifested by pain in the form of contractions and increased menstrual blood loss. The main complication is infertility; the transition of polyposis to a malignant tumor has not been proven.
Tumors in the uterus in the later stages they are manifested by bleeding, in the early period – by spotting vaginal brown discharge. Tumors of the uterus are divided into benign(polyps, fibroids and fibroids) and malignant(endometrial cancer and myosarcoma, cervical cancer). Leucorrhoea with pus and scarlet blood, possibly foul-smelling, is characteristic of the disintegration of a tumor; with cervical cancer, thick discharge appears, scanty, streaked with blood. Submucosal fibromatous nodes always produce severe bleeding, that is, they are clinically malignant. Cervical cancer quickly metastasizes, spreading to the pelvic lymph nodes, liver and lungs, and can spread to the vaginal walls.
Video: discharge in women, expert opinion
It is common for every woman to experience various physiological processes associated with the structural features of the body. For example, a characteristic phenomenon for teenage girls and women of childbearing age is discharge from the genital tract. Conventionally, they can be divided into two groups. And today we will talk about the group that includes non-menstrual mucous discharge. In most cases, these phenomena are considered normal and do not cause concern for women. However, it is necessary to know in what cases vaginal discharge can become a signal of the development of pathology in order to take timely measures and undergo a course of treatment.
Basically, the secretion of the genital organs in the form of phlegm is evidence of the functionality of the ovaries. Therefore, if there are any changes in the consistency, color, or smell of the discharge, it is advisable to consult a doctor to find out the causes and treat a possible disease.
The secretory function of the reproductive system is a reflection of its normal activity. Therefore, transparent discharge, which may resemble the white of a raw chicken egg (or snot), is considered a kind of indicator of the natural processes of the female body. We can say that they are regular, which is explained by the cyclical work of the ovaries.
In girls aged 9-10 years, discharge from the genital tract is not characterized by consistency. Rather, they are a confirmation of the onset of puberty. At the same time, hormones begin to influence the developing body, and menstrual function begins to develop. As the ovaries mature, clear secretory discharge from the genital tract becomes more permanent.
At the age of 12-15 years, girls reach puberty, during which the menstrual function begins to work and spotting (menstruation) appears.
Depending on the phase of the cycle during which the egg matures, the transparent discharge begins to acquire a corresponding cyclic course. If they are not abundant, not yellow and odorless, such secretory discharge is considered normal.
Normal genital secretions in women in the reproductive phase can also be determined by the following characteristics:
- daily volume no more than 2 ml;
- consistency resembling mucus, transparent snot;
- acidic environment of sputum;
- absence of discomfort, itching in the area of the external organs of the reproductive system.
Mucous, light-white secretory discharge, which in women is especially visible in the middle of the menstrual cycle, is a harbinger of ovulation. This symptom indicates not only the normal functionality of the reproductive system, but also the imminent onset of menstruation. Such phenomena, when, before the onset of menstruation, homogeneous transparent (or light milky) secretory leucorrhoea is released from the genitals, are considered the norm. As a rule, in the first few days after the end of menstruation, women will have minimal mucous discharge.
In essence, the secretory function of the genital organs, which results in moderate leucorrhoea in the middle of the cycle of women in the reproductive phase, is the ability to self-protect and cleanse the internal genital organs. In other words, non-copious, clear sputum represents the contents of the uterus, pelvis and vagina.
In what cases can a secretion indicate pathology?
The secretion of the functioning of the genital organs, called leucorrhoea, may be evidence of the normal functioning of the reproductive system and developing pathologies.
Therefore, if heavy discharge appears with the presence of an impurity or a strong odor present, it can become a symptom of inflammatory processes.
Vaginal discharge is considered pathological if it:
Discharge that occurs after sexual intercourse cannot be considered deviations from the norm. So, for example, the normal functioning of the reproductive system can be expressed as:
- clear or slightly white discharge in clots (occurs within 1-4 hours after making love without barrier contraception);
- liquid, abundant white sputum, released in the morning (usually the result of evening or night unprotected sexual intercourse);
- white, scanty, creamy consistency (normal discharge after sexual intercourse with a condom).
When should you worry?
Women often experience discharge with a brown tint, resembling the consistency of snot. This indicates that the contents of the secretion, in addition to mucus, contain a bloody admixture. As a rule, they can occur as a reaction to taking hormonal contraceptives. Moreover, if their appearance is not accompanied by pain, discomfort, itching or an unpleasant odor, this is a completely normal phenomenon.
If you notice mucous discharge with a brown tint, which has an unpleasant and rather pungent odor, then you should consult a doctor to diagnose chronic endometritis.
During pregnancy, only liquid transparent or light milky discharge is considered normal.
If they are not yellow, and their appearance occurs in the absence of itching, odor, or discomfort, then there is no reason to worry.
In cases where spotting, bloody vaginal discharge appears during the first trimester of pregnancy, this may be a sign of detachment of the fertilized egg. If a similar phenomenon occurs in the second and third trimester, then perhaps the placenta has begun to exfoliate and there is a threat of miscarriage. In both cases, you should immediately consult a doctor.
To summarize, it can be noted that every woman of reproductive age is faced with such manifestations as genital secretions. Transparent and odorless mucous discharge in women, which resembles snot for some patients, is a completely normal phenomenon.
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