Aminocaproic acid powder - antihemorrhagic (hemostatic), hemostatic agent used for bleeding caused by increased fibrinolysis.
The mechanism of specific action is due to the competitive inhibition of plasminogen activators and partial inhibition of plasmin activity (in high doses), as well as inhibition of biogenic polypeptides - kinins.
Inhibits the activating effect of streptokinase, urokinase and tissue kinases on the processes of fibrinolysis, neutralizes the effects of kallikrein, trypsin and hyaluronidase, reduces capillary permeability.
Shows moderate antiallergic and antishock activity; increases the antitoxic function of the liver. Inhibits the proteolytic activity associated with the influenza virus, inhibits the proteolytic activity of hemagglutinin. Improves some cellular and humoral indicators of specific and nonspecific protection during respiratory viral infections.
Pharmacokinetics. After oral administration, it is quickly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration in the blood in adults and adolescents is achieved after 2 - 3 hours. It practically does not bind to blood proteins. Partially (10 - 15%) is biotransformed in the liver; the rest is excreted by the kidneys mainly unchanged. About 60% of the administered dose is excreted from the body per day (with normal kidney function).
If urinary function is impaired, drug accumulation is possible.
Indications for use
Indications for use of the powder Aminocaproic acid are: prevention and treatment of parenchymal bleeding, hemorrhages from the mucous membranes, menorrhagia, bleeding from erosions and ulcers of the stomach and intestines. Prevention of bleeding during operations on the liver, lungs, and pancreas. Various types of hyperfibrinolysis, including those associated with the use of thrombolytic drugs and massive transfusion of canned blood. As a symptomatic remedy - bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia and qualitative inferiority of platelets (dysfunctional thrombocytopenia).Mode of application
Powder Aminocaproic acid prescribed orally, during or after meals, dissolving the powder in sweet water or drinking it. The daily dose for adults is divided into 3-6 doses, for children - into 3-5 doses.Moderately pronounced increase in fibrinolytic activity. Adults are usually prescribed a daily dose of 5 - 24 g (5 - 24 packets).
For children under 1 year of age, a single dose is 0.05 g/kg body weight (but not more than 1 g). The daily dose for children is: under 1 year of age - 3 g (3 packets), 2 - 6 years - 3 - 6 g (3 - 6 packets), 7 - 10 years - 6 - 9 g (6 - 9 packets) . For teenagers, the maximum daily dose is 10 - 15 g (10 - 15 packets).
Acute bleeding (including gastrointestinal). Adults are prescribed 5 g (5 packets), then 1 g (1 packet) every hour (for no more than 8 hours) until bleeding stops completely. Daily dose for children with acute blood loss: under 1 year of age - 6 g (6 packets), 2 - 4 years - 6 - 9 g (6 - 9 packets), 5 - 8 years - 9 - 12 g (9 - 12 packages), 9 - 10 years -
18 g (18 packets).
Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Adults are prescribed a daily dose of 6 - 9 g (6 - 9 packets).
Traumatic hyphema. Prescribed at a dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight every 4 hours (but not more than
24 g/day) for 5 days.
Metrorrhagia associated with intrauterine devices. Prescribe 3 g (3 packets) every 6 hours.
Prevention and control of bleeding during dental procedures. Adults are prescribed 2 - 3 g (2 - 3 packets) 3 - 5 times a day.
For adults, the average daily dose is 10 - 18 g (10 - 18 packets), the maximum daily dose is 24 g (24 packets).
The course of treatment is 3 - 14 days.
The duration of treatment is determined individually and depends on the severity of the disease. According to indications, repeated courses of treatment are possible.
Side effects
From the cardiovascular system: orthostatic hypotension, subendocardial hemorrhage, bradycardia, arrhythmias. From the digestive system: nausea, diarrhea. From the blood coagulation system: with long-term use (more than 6 days) of high doses (for adults - more than 24 g per day) - hemorrhages. From the central nervous system: headache, dizziness, tinnitus, convulsions. Other: catarrhal effects of the upper respiratory tract, skin rash, myoglobinuria, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure.Side effects are rare and dose-dependent; they usually disappear when the dose is reduced.
Contraindications
:Contraindications to the use of powder Aminocaproic acid are: increased individual sensitivity to aminocaproic acid, a tendency to thrombosis and embolism, all hereditary and secondary thrombophilias, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, gross hematuria, severe renal dysfunction, pregnancy, lactation.
Pregnancy
:Powder Aminocaproic acid contraindicated during pregnancy. It is not advisable to use it in women to prevent increased blood loss during childbirth, since thromboembolic complications may occur. If use is necessary during lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.
Interaction with other drugs
When taking the powder Aminocaproic acid goes well with thrombin orally. The effect of the drug is weakened by antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants of direct and indirect action. Combined use with estrogen-containing contraceptives and blood coagulation factor IX increases the risk of thromboembolism.Overdose
:Symptoms of powder overdose Aminocaproic acid: increased side effects, formation of blood clots, embolism. With prolonged use, the development of the opposite effect - hemorrhage - is possible.
Treatment: drug withdrawal, symptomatic therapy.
Storage conditions
Store in a dry place at a temperature from 8°C to 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children.Shelf life: 2 years.
Release form
Aminocaproic acid - powder for oral use.1 g of powder in packages No. 1 or in paired packages No. 2, or in paired packages No. 4 (No. 2x2), No. 10 (2x5) in a cardboard box.
Compound
:1 packet of powder Aminocaproic acid contains aminocaproic acid 1 g.
Additionally
:Prescribe with caution for heart disease, liver and/or kidney failure.
The use of the drug for hematuria is not recommended (due to the risk of developing acute renal failure).
With long-term use (more than 6 days) of high doses (more than 24 g per day for adults), hemorrhages may occur due to inhibition of platelet aggregation and adhesion.
For menorrhagia, it is effective to take from the first to the last day of menstruation.
During drug therapy, it is recommended to check the fibrinolytic activity of the blood and fibrinogen levels.
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| Name: | AMINOCAPROIC ACID POWDER |
Article: 005792
Active substance: Aminocaproic acid
Release form: solution for infusion
Dosage: 5% 100ml
Manufacturer: Kraspharma OJSC Russia
Name
Aminocaproic acid
International name
Aminocaproic acid
Dosage form
Solution for infusion 5%
Compound
100 ml of the drug contains the active substance - 5 g, excipients: sodium chloride 0.9 g, water for injection. Theoretical osmolarity 689 mOsm/l
Description of the appearance of the drug, tablets
Colorless transparent liquid
Pharmacological group of the drug
Drugs affecting hematopoiesis and blood. Hemostatics. Amino acids. Aminocaproic acid Code ATC B02AA01
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacokinetics: When administered intravenously, the effect of aminocaproic acid appears within 15-20 minutes. The drug is quickly eliminated from the body, mainly unchanged (about 10-15% of the administered dose of the drug is metabolized). With normal renal function, 40–60% of the administered amount is excreted by the kidneys within 4 hours. If the excretory function of the kidneys is impaired, the concentration of aminocaproic acid in the blood increases significantly. Pharmacodynamics Aminocaproic acid inhibits the activity of proteolytic enzymes. It inhibits the activating effect of endogenous kinases on the process of fibrinolysis and disrupts the transition of plasminogen to plasmin. Partially inactivates the effect of plasmin itself. It has a specific hemostatic effect in case of bleeding caused by activation of the fibrinolysis process. Other mechanisms are also involved in the implementation of the hemostatic effect of aminocaproic acid. Thus, it reduces the activity of hyaluronidase and reduces capillary permeability. Increases the adhesive activity of platelets, increases the synthetic and detoxification functions of the liver. By inhibiting the activity of proteolytic enzymes (kallikrein, trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, etc.), the formation of kinins (bradykinin and kallidin) is inhibited. Aminocaproic acid is used in pathological conditions when there is increased activity of the kinin system (acute pancreatitis, extensive burns, shock, traumatic operations on parenchymal organs, etc.). Aminocaproic acid inhibits the formation of antibodies and prevents the activation of the complement system, therefore it is used for severe allergies to eliminate or prevent the phenomena of cytolysis and the formation of immune complexes. The drug has low toxicity.
Indications for use
- bleeding (hyperfibrinolysis, hypo- and afibrinogenemia): bleeding during surgical interventions and pathological conditions accompanied by an increase in fibrinolytic activity of the blood (during neurosurgical, intracavitary, thoracic, gynecological and urological operations, including on the pancreas, prostate gland, lungs; tonsillectomies, after dental interventions, during operations using a heart-lung machine)
- diseases of internal organs with hemorrhagic syndrome - premature placental abruption, complicated abortion
- hypoplastic anemia
— prevention of secondary hypofibrinogenemia during massive transfusions of preserved blood
- burn disease
Methods of application
Intravenously, drip. For adults, the drug is administered intravenously at a rate of 50-60 drops per minute, at the rate of 1 ml of 5% aminocaproic acid solution per 1 kg of patient weight. During the first hour, it is recommended to administer 80-100 ml (4-5 g), then, if necessary, 20 ml (1 g) every hour until the bleeding stops completely, but not more than 8 hours. In case of ongoing or repeated bleeding, the infusion of a 5% aminocaproic acid solution is repeated after 4 hours. The maximum daily dose for adults is 600 ml (30 g). For children over 1 year of age, a 5% solution of aminocaproic acid is prescribed intravenously at a dose of 100 mg/kg in the first hour, then 33 mg/kg/hour, the maximum daily dose is 18 g/m2. With a moderate increase in fibrinolytic activity: Age of children Daily dose From 1 year to 2 years 60 ml (3.0 g) 2-6 years 60 - 120 ml (3-6 g) 7-10 years 120-180 ml (6-9 d) For acute blood loss: Age of children Daily dose From 1 year to 2 years 120 ml (6 g) 2-4 years 120-180 ml (6-9 g) 5-8 years 180-240 ml (9-12 g) 9-10 years 360 ml (18 g) In case of acute fibrinolysis, it is additionally necessary to administer fibrinogen in an average daily dose of 2-4 g (maximum dose 8 g). The duration of use of aminocaproic acid depends on the clinical picture of the disease.
Side effects
- general: headache, weakness
- allergic reactions: allergic and anaphylactoid reactions, anaphylactic shock
- local reactions: reactions at the injection site, pain and necrosis
- from the cardiovascular system: bradycardia, arterial hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, peripheral ischemia, thrombosis, arrhythmias
- from the gastrointestinal tract: abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
- hematological: agranulocytosis, coagulation disorders, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
- from the musculoskeletal system: increased creatine phosphokinase, muscle weakness, myalgia, myopathy, myositis, rhabdomyolysis, convulsions
- from the nervous system: confusion, delirium, dizziness, hallucinations, intracranial hypertension, stroke, fainting
- from the respiratory system: shortness of breath, nasal congestion, pulmonary embolism, catarrhal phenomena of the upper respiratory tract
- from the skin: itching, rash
- from the senses: tinnitus, hearing loss, decreased vision, lacrimation
- from the genitourinary system: increased urea levels in the blood serum, renal failure.
Contraindications
- individual intolerance
- hypercoagulation (thrombosis, thromboembolism)
- tendency to thrombosis and thromboembolic diseases
- coagulopathies due to diffuse intravascular coagulation
- acute coronary circulatory disorders
— DIC syndrome — kidney disease with impaired excretory function
- hematuria - cerebrovascular accidents
- bleeding from the upper parts of the urinary system of unknown etiology
- pregnancy, lactation period - children under 1 year of age
Drug interactions
Can be combined with the introduction of hydrolysates, glucose solutions, anti-shock solutions. Anticoagulants of direct and indirect action, antiplatelet agents reduce the effectiveness of aminocaproic acid.
special instructions
The drug should not be prescribed without a specific diagnosis and/or laboratory confirmation of hyperfibrinolysis. When used, monitoring of fibrinogen content, fibrinolytic activity and blood clotting time is necessary. Monitoring of the coagulogram is necessary, especially in case of coronary heart disease, after myocardial infarction, and in pathological processes in the liver. During long-term therapy, the level of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) should be monitored; if an increase in CPK is detected, the use of the drug should be discontinued.
Use with caution in case of heart and kidney diseases (due to the risk of developing acute renal failure). Use with caution in cases of arterial hypotension, valvular heart disease, liver failure, chronic renal failure, children and adolescents under 18 years of age.
It should not be used for bleeding from the upper urinary system due to the risk of developing intrarenal obstruction in the form of glomerular capillary thrombosis. Rapid intravenous administration of the drug should be avoided as this may cause hypotension, bradycardia, and/or arrhythmia.
Pregnancy and lactation period Use during pregnancy is contraindicated. During the period of use of the drug, breastfeeding should be stopped.
It is important to know what aminocaproic acid is, since its use in medicine is very wide (photos of packaging and names of manufacturers are easy to find on the Internet). effectively stops bleeding, including from the so-called shock organs (for example, from the uterus). For this reason, the drug is indispensable in many situations that threaten the development of severe pathological conditions and are life-threatening for the patient.
This medicine reduces the activity of the thrombus resorption process, or fibrinolysis. A similar effect is achieved due to the fact that aminocaproic acid helps to reduce the activity of the enzymes responsible for this phenomenon - we are talking about plasmin and plasminogen. Besides, the drug also affects other substances that inhibit the activity of the coagulation system.
Aminocaproic acid has a number of additional properties - it reduces the severity of inflammation and hyperreactivity reactions, reduces the production of antibodies (immunosuppressive effect).
The drug is produced in the form of a solution intended for intravenous administration and tablets for oral administration. Each form contains a certain amount of aminocaproic acid. 100 ml of solution contains 5 g of aminocaproic acid. Tablets of this product contain 500 mg of active ingredient.
The choice of dosage form depends on the nature and severity of the pathology, and is carried out only by a doctor. When administered intravenously, the medicine begins to act instantly. When using tablet forms, you need to wait a little - on average 20 minutes. The effect of oral administration is also pronounced, since the drug is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastric mucosa.
Indications for use
The drug is indicated to eliminate and prevent bleeding as a result of increased fibrinolysis or with a significant decrease (sometimes even complete absence) of this protein in the body. Other indications for the use of aminocaproic acid are as follows:
- Carrying out surgical interventions on organs such as the prostate, uterus, pancreas, thyroid gland, brain, lungs, adrenal glands. This is necessary because these operations have a high risk of bleeding.
- Carrying out extracorporeal circulation.
- The use of aminocaproic acid after surgical interventions performed on the heart and blood vessels is common.
- Treatment of burn disease.
- The drug is widely used in gynecology - for uterine bleeding, placental abruption, abortions with complications.
- 5% aminocaproic acid is indicated for the surgical treatment of otorhinolaryngological pathologies, including to stop bleeding from the nasal cavity.
- Diseases of the hematopoietic system - pernicious anemia, bone marrow tumors.
In general, this drug used to eliminate bleeding from almost any location, as well as for the prevention of this pathological condition during massive blood transfusions.
Contraindications and side effects
Also, the drug is not used for circulatory disorders in the central nervous system and kidneys, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. A drug contraindicated during pregnancy, aminocaproic acid is not prescribed for bleeding from the upper airways of unknown etiology.
This medicine can cause the following adverse reactions:
- The destruction of muscle tissue, or rhabdomyolysis, which also leads to acute renal failure and myoglobinuria.
- Decreased blood pressure and heart rate.
- Headaches and dizziness, noise in the head and ringing in the ears.
- Hemorrhages in the subendocardial space.
- Various cardiac conduction disorders (arrhythmias).
- Orthostatic hypotension.
- It is important to note that acute renal failure while taking this drug can develop without destruction of muscle tissue.
Aminocaproic acid can also cause the appearance of allergic reactions. Usually the latter are diagnosed in the form of rashes, but in severe cases the appearance of angioedema may occur.
If symptoms of overdose occur– decreased blood pressure, development of renal failure, you must stop taking the drug immediately. The patient is treated symptomatically and must be taken to a medical facility for hemodialysis to remove the drug from the body.
Instructions for use
Instructions for using a solution of aminocaproic acid internally are quite simple, just like tablet forms. In an acute condition, 100 ml of the drug is immediately administered intravenously; up to 5 g of the active substance can be taken within 60 minutes. Then 1 g of aminocaproic acid can be administered hourly until the bleeding stops.
Duration of use in such situations is a maximum of 8 hours If the blood continues to flow, repeated infusion can be done after 4 hours. The same doses of the drug are calculated when using tablet forms.
Aminocaproic acid is prohibited for use in the treatment of pregnant women. As for the lactation period, when using this drug recommended to stop breastfeeding.
Features of use for children
Aminocaproic acid is prescribed to children over 2 years of age. The dosage is calculated depending on the child’s body weight. Older patients from 2 to 4 years A single dose of 1 g is indicated, the maximum daily amount is 6 g.
Patients who from 5 to 8 years up to 1.5 g of aminocaproic acid can be given as a single dose, the daily dose should not exceed 9 g. if the age of young patients is within 9-10 years, then their one-time amount of medicine is 3 g, the daily amount is 18 g.
For people older, the dosage of aminocaproic acid is calculated in the same way as for adults. The indicated quantities of the drug are suitable for calculating both solution and tablets.
The duration of therapy with this drug usually does not exceed 2 weeks., in some cases it can be extended to 4 weeks or even more. The dosage of the medication taken and the timing of administration are established and adjusted only by the doctor. During the period of therapy, constant monitoring of general blood test parameters, as well as supervision by medical personnel, is necessary. This applies to pediatric and adult patients.
Conclusion
Patients need to have information on how to drink aminocaproic acid correctly, know the indications for its use, as well as contraindications and possible side effects from using this drug.
The drug is necessary to stop bleeding, so it can save the lives of patients, as well as help avoid complications as a result of a large number of operations. The drug is used strictly according to indications, only as prescribed by a doctor; independent use is unacceptable.
Content
The medication is a hemostatic drug used for bleeding. The acid is used for the treatment and prevention of influenza, and for colds as an antiviral agent. The medication is available without a doctor's prescription and is reasonably priced. Acid can be used intravenously, externally, or orally. The duration of treatment depends on the patient's diagnosis.
Forms of release of aminocaproic acid
The drug is dispensed from pharmacies in the form of a colorless and odorless injection solution, white powder, granules intended for the treatment of children. There are several ways to use aminocaproic acid:
- intravenous injections - for acute bleeding, surgical treatment;
- internal use - used for rotavirus, organ pathologies accompanied by hemorrhagic syndrome;
- instillation into the nose - used in the form of a ready-made solution or powder/granules mixed with water for infections;
- inhalations - for coughs, adenoids, prolonged runny nose, sinusitis (the procedure is carried out using a nebulizer);
- rinsing the nose - to remove thick green or yellow discharge.
Pharmacological properties
Aminocaproic acid solution is classified as an antihemorrhagic and hemostatic agent. It is used as a hemostatic for bleeding characterized by increased fibrinolysis (liquefaction of blood clots). The drug helps reduce capillary permeability and increase the antitoxic function of the liver. When used internally, the acid exhibits antishock and antiallergic activity. In acute respiratory viral infections, the drug helps improve a number of indicators responsible for specific and nonspecific immune defense.
The substance reaches its maximum concentration in the blood 120-180 minutes after consumption or intravenous administration. When administered orally, aminocaproic acid is actively absorbed from the digestive tract. The medicine is excreted through the kidneys without undergoing any changes. A small part of the substance undergoes biotransformation inside the liver.
Indications for use of aminocaproic acid
The drug can be used without a doctor's prescription. Indications for its use are the following ailments and conditions:
- premature placental abruption;
- uterine bleeding and abortion, accompanied by complications;
- operations on organs that are characterized by a high content of fibrinolysis activators (lungs, brain, uterus, adrenal glands, pancreas, prostate, thyroid glands);
- postoperative recovery period (during surgical intervention on blood vessels and the heart);
- burns;
- extracorporeal circulation;
- diseases of internal organs accompanied by hemorrhagic syndrome (bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, bladder).
Aminocaproic acid is often prescribed for ENT pathologies. The substance is used for the following purposes:
- relieving congestion and reducing swelling of the nasal mucous membranes;
- reduction of inflammation in rhinitis of allergic origin;
- stopping nosebleeds;
- decreased mucus production;
- prevention of the development of complications in rhinitis of various origins, sinusitis of all types, adenoiditis, acute respiratory diseases, influenza.
Contraindications for use
Aminocaproic acid cannot be prescribed to certain categories of patients. The medicine has the following contraindications:
- the patient's tendency to develop thrombosis and thromboembolic diseases;
- DIC syndrome;
- cerebrovascular accidents;
- kidney diseases accompanied by impaired functioning;
- individual intolerance to the substance;
- period of pregnancy and lactation;
- coagulopathy due to diffuse intravascular coagulation;
- bleeding from the upper respiratory tract of unknown etiology.
Method of use and dosage of aminocaproic acid
According to the instructions for use, a solution of aminocaproic acid is used intravenously, by drip. If a quick effect is needed, the patient needs to administer up to 100 ml of liquid at 50-60 drops/minute. The duration of this procedure is 20-30 minutes. In the first hour, 4-5 g of solution is required. Then the patient is prescribed 1 g until the bleeding stops completely. If a relapse occurs, the procedure should be repeated every 4 hours.
Aminocaproic acid is administered to children at the rate of 100 ml/kg of child weight per hour. Then the dosage is reduced to 33 ml/kg. The maximum daily amount is 18 g/sq.m. m. body surface. The following daily doses are used:
- adults – 5-30 g;
- babies under 1 year – 3 g;
- children 2-6 years old – 3-6 g;
- children from 7 to 10 years old – 6-9 g;
- For patients over 11 years of age, an adult dosage is indicated.
In case of acute bleeding, the permissible daily amount of the drug is increased. Recommended:
- babies up to 12 months – 6 g;
- children from 1 year to 4 years – 6-9 g;
- from 5 to 8 years – 9-12 g;
- from 9 to 10 years – 18 years
The medicine in powder form must be dissolved in water. It is necessary to use the product orally during or after meals. The daily dose of acid should be divided into several doses (3-6 for adults, 3-5 for children). If the patient experiences an increase in fibrinolytic activity of moderate severity, 5-23 g/day is prescribed. Babies under 12 months of age require a single dose, calculated according to the formula 0.05 g per 1 kg of child weight. Children from 1 to 7 years old are given 3-6 g/day, 7-11 years old - 6-9 g/day. Adolescents are prescribed 10-15 g per 24 hours.
For the treatment of subarachnoid bleeding, 6-9 g of the drug is required. For the treatment of traumatic hyphema, 0.1 g/kg is prescribed every 4 hours. The maximum daily dose of acid is 24 g. The course of treatment is 5 days. For uterine bleeding, the dosage of the drug is 3 g every 6 hours. Patients with ARVI and influenza are prescribed topical or oral administration of the drug. For oral administration, dilute 1 g of acid in 2 tbsp. l. sweetened boiled water. The resulting solution is prescribed in the following doses:
- children under 2 years old – 1-2 tsp. 4 times/day (can be added to food or drinks);
- children 2-6 years old – 1-2 tbsp. l. 4 times a day;
- patients 6-10 years old – 4-5 g/day;
- patients over 10 years old - 1-2 g up to 5 times a day.
Aminocaproic acid is effective for nosebleeds. To stop the process, you need to moisten a cotton pad with a solution (5%). A moistened tampon is placed inside the nasal passages for 10 minutes or until bleeding stops completely. The drug can be used in the form of inhalations. To do this, a nebulizer should be used in childhood. Intranasal treatment with the drug should be carried out in accordance with the following rules:
- For acute respiratory viral infections and severe influenza, the dose of aminocaproic acid is allowed to be increased to the maximum possible (relative to age) with increased fibrinolytic activity of moderate severity.
- If necessary, the drug can be used in combination with other antiviral drugs and interferon inducers.
- Instillation of the medication up to 4 times a day intranasally is recommended for prevention during the onset of an epidemic period.
special instructions
Side effects and overdose
While taking the drug, patients may experience side effects. The instructions for use list the following negative consequences:
- dizziness;
- nausea, vomiting;
- headache;
- subendocardial hemorrhage;
- decreased blood pressure;
- rash on the skin;
- orthostatic hypotension;
- convulsions;
- acute renal failure;
- diarrhea;
- noise in ears;
- nasal congestion;
- Rhabdomyolysis
Exceeding the amount of acid indicated in the instructions or prescribed by a doctor may cause increased side effects and cause blood clots. When using high doses (over 24 grams/day) for more than 6 days, the risk of developing hemorrhages increases. If manifestations of an overdose of aminocaproic acid occur, the medicine should be discontinued immediately. Symptomatic therapy is used for treatment.
Aminocaproic acid price
You can purchase the medicine without a doctor's prescription. The medicine is available for purchase in Moscow pharmacies and online stores selling pharmaceuticals. The price of the drug depends on the quantity, form of release and the manufacturer of the drug. The average cost of a 100 ml bottle of acid solution (5%) in Moscow pharmacies is 32-35 rubles.
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Active substance
Aminocaproic acid
Release form, composition and packaging
100 ml - polymer containers (1) (for infusion solutions) - laminated aluminum foil bags (for hospitals).
250 ml - polymer containers (1) (for infusion solutions) - laminated aluminum foil bags (for hospitals).
500 ml - polymer containers (1) (for infusion solutions) - laminated aluminum foil bags (for hospitals).
pharmachologic effect
A hemostatic agent that inhibits the conversion of profibrinolysin to fibrinolysin, apparently due to inhibition of the activator of this process, and also has a direct inhibitory effect on fibrinolysin; inhibits the activating effect of urokinase and tissue kinases on fibrinolysis, neutralizes the effects of kallikrein, trypsin and hyaluronidase, reduces capillary permeability. It has antiallergic activity and improves the antitoxic function of the liver.
Pharmacokinetics
When administered intravenously, the effect appears within 15-20 minutes. Absorption is high, C max - 2 hours, T 1/2 - 4 hours. Excreted by the kidneys - 40-60% unchanged. If the excretory function of the kidneys is impaired, the excretion of aminocaproic acid is delayed, as a result of which its concentration in the blood increases sharply.
Indications
Bleeding (hyperfibrinolysis, hypo- and afibrinogenemia), bleeding during surgical interventions and pathological conditions accompanied by an increase in fibrinolytic activity of the blood (during neurosurgical, intracavitary, thoracic, gynecological and urological operations, including on the prostate gland, lungs, pancreas; tonsillectomy, after dental interventions, during operations using a heart-lung machine). Diseases of internal organs with hemorrhagic syndrome; premature placental abruption, complicated abortion. Prevention of secondary hypofibrinogenemia during massive transfusions of preserved blood.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the drug, hypercoagulation (thrombosis, thromboembolism), coagulopathy due to diffusion, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), tendency to thrombosis and thromboembolic diseases, kidney disease with impaired excretory function, hematuria, cerebrovascular accidents, pregnancy, lactation.
Carefully: arterial hypotension, valvular heart defects, hematuria, bleeding from the upper urinary tract of unknown etiology, chronic renal failure, children under 1 year of age.
Dosage
IV, drip. If it is necessary to achieve a quick effect (acute hypofibrinogenemia), up to 100 ml of a 50 mg/ml solution is administered at a rate of 50-60 drops per minute for 15-30 minutes. During the first hour, a dose of 4-5 g (80-100 ml) is administered, and then, if necessary, 1 g (20 ml) every hour for about 8 hours or until bleeding stops completely. In case of ongoing or repeated bleeding, infusions of 50 mg/ml aminocaproic acid solution are repeated every 4 hours.
For children, at the rate of 100 mg/kg - at 1 hour, then 33 mg/kg/hour; maximum daily dose -18 g/sq.m. The daily dose for adults is 5-30 g. The daily dose for children under 1 year is 3 g; 2-6 years - 3-6 g; 7-10 years - 6-9 g, from 10 years - as for adults. For acute blood loss: children under 1 year old - 6 g, 2-4 years old - 6-9 g, 5-8 years old - 9-12 g, 9-10 years old - 18 g. Duration of treatment - 3-14 days.
Side effects
Dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, diarrhea, nasal congestion, skin rash, decreased blood pressure, orthostatic hypotension, convulsions, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria, acute renal failure, subendocardial hemorrhage.
Overdose
Increased side effects (dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract) and a sharp inhibition of fibrinolysis.
In cases of overdose, plasminogen activators (streptokinase, urokinase or anistreptase) should be urgently administered.
Drug interactions
Can be combined with the introduction of hydrolysates, solutions (dextrose solutions), anti-shock solutions. In acute fibrinolysis, the administration of aminocaproic acid with a fibrinogen content of 2-4 g (maximum 8 g) must be supplemented with a subsequent infusion.
Antiplatelet reduction with simultaneous administration of direct and indirect action.
No medications should be added to the aminocaproic acid solution.
special instructions
When prescribing the drug, it is necessary to monitor the fibrinolytic activity of the blood and fibrinogen content. With intravenous administration, monitoring of the coagulogram is necessary, especially with coronary heart disease, after a heart attack, and with liver diseases.
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