LJ user drugoi writes: The 44th Red Banner Brigade of anti-submarine ships of the Russian Pacific Fleet is located in the very center of Vladivostok, next to the sea terminal, opposite the fleet headquarters building. Four large Project 1155 anti-submarine ships stand side by side against the wall. From here these ships go on combat duty to the Gulf of Aden, where they protect merchant ships from pirates.
To the right of the four BODs is the floating hospital Irtysh, and to the left is the flagship of the Pacific Fleet, the guards missile cruiser Varyag.
The Project 1164.1 missile cruiser "Chervona Ukraine" was laid down at the 61st Communard plant in Nikolaev on July 31, 1979 (serial number 2010), on November 5, 1982 it was included in the list of ships of the USSR Navy, launched on August 28, 1983, entered service commissioned on December 25, 1989, and on February 28, 1990 included in the Pacific Fleet. After the collapse of the USSR, the cruiser went to Russia and in 1996, at the initiative of the ship’s crew, it was named “Varyag” - in honor of the famous armored cruiser 1st Pacific Squadron Russian Navy, participant in the battle of Chemulpo 1904
The main cruiser is the homing cruise missiles of the P-1000 “Vulcan” complex. The SM-248 missile launchers are located on the sides of the ship; they look very impressive and can easily distinguish the Varyag from other ships. Project 1164 cruisers are also called “aircraft carrier killers” - in fact, that’s what they were created for.
1. The pattern of missile action is impressive - after a salvo from one side, all eight missiles, after opening their wings, form a single group, a “wolf pack” with a leader - a separately flying missile, which guides the entire group to the target, adjusts the course for the remaining missiles, dumping information on them. When approaching the target, the lead missile selects the largest object (an aircraft carrier), directs one of the missiles with the so-called at it. “special ammunition” and divides the remaining objects between the rest of the “flock” missiles. All missiles include homing heads and strike objects. The mass of one rocket is almost five tons, the flight speed is about 2900 km/h. An enemy ship has no chance of staying afloat after being hit by such a missile. If the lead missile is shot down, another one, exactly the same, takes its place. The attack takes place without the participation of the ship’s crew using a “fire and forget” system. Interestingly, all this is technology from the early 70s.
2. Acquaintance with “Varyag” begins with prosaic bags of cabbage and carrots. The Admiral Panteleev BOD standing nearby is preparing to set off on a trip to the shores of Africa and is loading a supply of food.
3. They go on sea voyages for a long time and seriously stock up on everything they need. This is only a small part of the drinking water that is loaded into the holds of a warship.
4. The officer accompanying me advised me not to use mobile phone: “If you have a smartphone, it’s better to turn it off, otherwise it may burn out.” I didn’t believe it, but I turned it off just in case. The ship has a full set of radar weapons of the MP-152 “Ring” complex for detecting operating radios and location stations, homing heads of enemy missiles, their direction finding and suppression. Perhaps there was some reason in the officer’s words.
5. On the forecastle of the Varyag there is an AK-130 - a ship’s automatic cannon. Fires a high-explosive fragmentation projectile at a speed of 90 rounds per minute and a range of up to 23 kilometers. Fully automatic - operates independently until the ammunition runs out. They say it has no analogues in the world. We knew how to do something, but something that shoots. There were problems with consumer goods, but the guns were always excellent. AK-130 is no exception. In the initial sketches of the ship, there were 12 launchers (six per side) and instead of one twin-barrel gun there were two single-barreled A-100s. In 1972, Admiral Gorshkov ordered the addition of four more launchers to fire two full eight-missile salvoes, and the two AK-100s were replaced with one twin-barreled AK-130. The ship became significantly heavier, the speed and ammunition of artillery guns decreased (720 rounds versus 2000).
6. Despite modern means of communication, the signal flag system remains the main communication for watercraft in the fleet. The Russian Navy uses the code of signals of the USSR fleet. 32 signal flags correspond to the letters of the Russian alphabet: Vedi - “The course leads to danger”, Zhivete - “Make a medium move”, Y - “Detected a mine”, etc. This photo shows the signalman's position on the cruiser. The metal box contains signal flags, which, if necessary, are raised on vertical halyards to the yardarm. To the left of the box are black “running balls”, which in the sea indicate the speed of the ship. The lower the “ball” is located, the higher the speed. By the way, the Varyag can travel at a speed of 32 knots. When he goes at such speed, the breakers behind him are ten meters high.
7. “What is that little red thing turning blue?” On the wall are silhouettes of ships and planes of Russia and NATO countries. A hint for the signalman who is observing what is happening around the ship.
8. This is the wheelhouse of the ship. From here it is controlled in everyday conditions. The cabin is connected to the combat information center BIUS "Lesorub-1164" by a command elevator.
9. Place of the commander of the cruiser “Varyag”, guard captain 1st rank Eduard Moskalenko.
10. Everything here really reminds us of the 70s. So reliable and iron. "Warm tube sound." I tried my best not to photograph anything secret, but go figure, where everything is.
11. “Tovs” - I love these naval words. Huys, biteng, twindeck, southwest, coaming, sternpost, binnacle - all this smells of the salty sea wind and is incredibly exciting.
12. The shifts went to their places of work. The Kavtarangs racked their brains: “What would I show you that’s so unclassified?” We agreed on some screen No. 22. Sailor Renat from Bashkortostan sat in the operator’s seat and began pressing buttons, turning on monitors - depicting the activities at the combat post. It looked quite authentic.
13. The same Renat, who caught the attention of the officers at the wrong time, enlivened the ship’s library room, pretending to be sorting out the mail that had arrived on the ship. The library is good. Small, but everything is there. In general, the Varyag is a fairly comfortable ship. The wardrooms are decorated with wood, there are paintings hanging, and carpets on the floor. There is a swimming pool with a waterfall, healing showers, a large steam room, and a sauna. The accommodation cabins are air conditioned and the ship has four air refrigeration units.
14. Walking on a cruiser involves long walks along endless corridors and sudden descents and ascents along vertical ladders. In the fourth compartment we go lower and lower, to where the sailors' quarters are. Weapons are, of course, interesting, but I really wanted to see how sailors live on one of the most powerful cruisers in the world.
16. On the screen of the competition for the best cabin, you can see, for example, that cabin No. 14, who scored a bolt for the competition in December, apparently received big stars from the commanders and then became advanced, without falling below the rating of “four”.
17. This is how he rests night shift in the now exemplary cockpit No. 14. I opened the door for a couple of seconds and took a few pictures of the sleeping sailors.
18. In the next cockpit, a sailor was writing something important in a journal. Next to him stands a cage with a parrot screwed to the table. The parrot was there and resting.
19. The holy of holies of the missile cruiser is the galley. The ceilings here are low and a sailor with a rag in his hand, putting things in order, walked with his head bent, which gave his figure a sad look. Nearby, two other sailors began to open cans with a simple knife, for which they immediately received a scolding from the officers accompanying me. Everything has to be perfect for someone else's eyes, I understand.
20. A ship's cat is an indispensable accessory for any warship to combat rodents. Or, as they say here, “squirrels.” Seals and vital cables in a metal braid - these are the conditions for the coexistence of people and rodents. There are several cats on the ship; they are brought in one at a time to the combat unit. The cats of the cruiser "Varyag" are popular among guests in different countries where the ship arrives. It happens that they are given as gifts - one of the ship's cats now lives in an Orthodox church in Singapore. Mother, they say, was happy with such a gift. Another was given to a local admiral in Indonesia.
21. I wanted to take one lifebuoy as a souvenir. They didn’t give me a government circle, but they gave me something else.
22. We had lunch with the officers, talked, then moved to the work cabin, where we talked some more. I didn’t want to leave, but time was running out for them and for me. When leaving, I took a few more pictures on the deck of the Varyag and on the shore.
24. It seemed to me that everything was in order on the cruiser. He goes to sea and conducts training exercises. The Varyag is a welcome guest in foreign ports; people line up to see it and take a tour of the ship. As the officers said: “The French Mistral is parked nearby - there is no one there, but to us there is a queue for the entire pier, thirty thousand people come for several days of visit.” You can see how proud the sailors are of their “Varyag” and their service. They invited me to go on a hike - I have to think about it, I’m not friends with the jocks, although I really want to, of course. Because this is real.
Soviet and Russian missile cruiser, third ship of Project 1164 Atlant, flagship of the Russian Pacific Fleet. The cruiser was created at the 61 Communards shipyard in Nikolaev in the first half of the 1980s.
History of creation
Laid down on the slipway of the Nikolaev Shipyard named after 61 Communards in 1979 under the name “Chervona Ukraine”. Launched in 1983. Entered service on October 16, 1989.
Service history
In 1990, at the head of a detachment of warships, he completed the tasks of combat service and inter-naval transition. Since November 1990, as part of the Pacific Fleet, in 1996 it was renamed “Varyag”. Since 1996, it has been the flagship of the Pacific Fleet instead of the heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Admiral Lazarev.
In 1997, 2004, 2009 he visited the port of Incheon (Republic of Korea). In 1999, he visited the port of Shanghai on an official visit in honor of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In 2002, at the head of a detachment of Pacific Fleet warships, he visited the Yokosuka naval base in connection with the 50th anniversary of the creation of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force. In September - December 2005, at the head of a detachment of warships of the Pacific Fleet, he performed combat service in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with calls at the ports of Visakhapatnam (India), Tanjung Priok (Indonesia), Sattahip (Thailand), Changi (Singapore), Da Nang (Vietnam) ). From 2006 to 2008, it underwent repairs at Dalzavod with the replacement of the power plant. In October 2008, he made an unofficial visit to the port of Busan (Republic of Korea). In April 2009, he paid an official visit to the Chinese port of Qingdao. In June 2010, he made an unofficial visit to the American port of San Francisco. On November 9, 2010, he arrived on an unofficial visit to the South Korean port of Incheon. He was entrusted with the historical mission of delivering relics of his legendary predecessor, the Russian cruiser Varyag, to his homeland, as well as ensuring the stay of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev in South Korea during the G20 summit, which took place in Seoul on 10-12 November 2010.
In April - May 2011, he participated in the Russian-Chinese exercise “Peace Mission 2011” in the Yellow Sea with a call at the port of Qingdao. In September - December 2011, at the head of a detachment of ships of the Pacific Fleet, he carried out combat service tasks in the Pacific Ocean with visits to the naval base of Maizuru (Japan), Apra (Guam Island, USA), Vancouver (Canada). From April 23 to April 27, 2012, together with the large anti-submarine ships Admiral Vinogradov, Marshal Shaposhnikov, Admiral Tributs and supply ships, he participated in the Russian-Chinese exercises Peace Mission 2012 in the Yellow Sea. At the beginning of 2013, a scheduled repair took place at Dalzavod.
From July 5 to July 12, he took part in the joint Russian-Chinese exercise “Peace Mission 2013” in the Sea of Japan. In the period from July 13 to 20, together with the destroyer "Bystry", large anti-submarine ships "Admiral Vinogradov" and "Marshal Shaposhnikov", large landing ships "Nikolai Vilkov" and "Oslyabya" he took part in a sudden large-scale inspection of the troops of the Central and Eastern Military Districts . At the end of August, at the head of a squadron of ships of the Pacific Fleet, he went to the Mediterranean Sea, where in November he worked on elements of inter-naval cooperation together with the heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser "Peter the Great". During the trip, he visited the ports of Trincomalee (Sri Lanka), Salalah (Sultanate of Oman) and Alexandria (Egypt). In the period from May 20 to 26, 2014, at the head of a squadron of the destroyer "Bystry", the large landing ship "Admiral Nevelskoy" and supply ships, he took part in the next Russian-Chinese exercise "Maritime Cooperation - 2014". During the exercises, sailors from the two countries practiced joint actions to defend ships at anchorage, release merchant ships captured by pirates, organize joint air defense, conduct anti-submarine and search and rescue operations, missile and artillery firing at sea and coastal targets. For the first time, the parties carried out combat training missions as part of mixed detachments of ships. During the exercises, the Russian squadron visited Shanghai.
From July 15 to 19, he participated in the Russian-Indian exercises Indra-2014 in the Sea of Japan. During the exercise, Russian and Indian sailors practiced counter combat in the dark, search and simulated destruction of a submarine, artillery firing at parachute and naval targets, as well as assistance to a ship in distress. In September, he conducted firing during the large-scale exercises Vostok-2014. In November 2014, on the eve of the Australian G20 summit, two detachments of ships from the Pacific Fleet, led by the cruiser Varyag, arrived on the shores of Australia, which caused a public outcry in Australia. From October 23 to December 15, 2014, as part of a detachment of the large anti-submarine ship Marshal Shaposhnikov, the tanker Boris Butoma and the rescue tug Fotiy Krylov, he ensured a naval presence and flag demonstration in the southwestern part Pacific Ocean.
On April 27, 2015, she completed dock repairs at Dalzavod. From December 7 to 12, 2015, he took part in the joint Russian-Indian naval exercises Indra 2015. At the end of the exercises, it is planned to send it to the coast of Syria to cover aviation participating in the counter-terrorist military operation.
Aircraft carriers are majestic ships that symbolize the military power of a state. Today we will get acquainted with the heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Varyag", the history of which was quite interesting and confusing. The ship was created in the USSR, completed in Ukraine, and is now in service with China. Now let's talk about everything in order. Let's start with the history of the creation of the ship.
Start of construction
On December 4, 1985, the Black Sea Shipyard launched the lead cruiser of Project 11435. The vacant slipway (building platform) was empty for long - soon a similar TAKR (heavy aircraft carrier cruiser) was laid down on it. This ship was named "Riga". Unlike the lead cruiser built for the Northern Fleet, the new TAKR was designed for use by the Pacific Fleet. It was built according to the same project as the lead model, the full name of which, by the way, sounds like “Admiral of the Fleet Soviet Union Kuznetsov." However, there were some adjustments. The main one is the replacement of the radio-electronic complex with a more modern one.
Launching
On November 25, 1988, the Riga was launched. It was afloat that construction was supposed to be completed. On June 19, 1990, the ship received a new name - “Varyag”. The aircraft-carrying cruiser was built quite quickly, keeping up with schedule. However, at the end of 1991, when the division of the Soviet Union began, construction stopped. In 1992, when the ship was 68% complete, it was mothballed. Neither Russia nor Ukraine were able to continue financing the project. Moreover, it was not even possible to save him. When the ship's security was abolished in 1993, equipment began to be stolen.
Sale
In order for the ship to bring at least some benefit, they decided to sell it for scrap. In 1997, an international tender was announced. The highest price - $20 million - was offered by a travel company located in the Portuguese colony of Macau. In March of the following year, the cruiser came into her possession. According to the company, it was going to use the ship's huge hull to create a floating entertainment center. Later it turned out that the company was a shell company. And the colony of Macau itself belongs to Portugal on a lease basis until the end of 1999. Thus, today it is already reliably known that the actual buyer of the Varyag was the Chinese navy.
Towing a vessel
It took a lot of money and time to tow such a large ship across three oceans. The procedure was complicated by the fact that power plants and control systems were not installed on the ship. The ship was removed from the plant in June 2000. Due to problems with the Turkish authorities, the ship remained towed in the Black Sea until November 2001. In the Aegean Sea, the ship got caught in a storm and broke away from the tug. After some time, the coupling was reunited, and the ship set off around Africa via Gibraltar. Then through Indian Ocean and Singapore it ended up in the South China Sea. On March 3, 2002, having traveled 15,000 miles, the Varyag was moored in the Chinese port of Dalian.
Further fate
Since the ship was sold as scrap metal, it was not accompanied by any design or construction documentation. Therefore, Chinese engineers studied it for three years. In 2005, work began on the completion and reconstruction of the Varyag vessel. The aircraft-carrying cruiser, according to preliminary data, was to become a training vessel for young pilots. It was unofficially said that the Varyag would be renamed the Shi Lan, in honor of the naval commander who captured the island of Taiwan in 1681.
Completion and reconstruction
The Soviet aircraft-carrying cruiser "Varyag" was made of very high quality. During its downtime, it became covered with corrosion, but the main parts (hull, casing, boilers and screws) remained in good condition. Cables, electrical equipment and anything else that could be stolen were taken from the ship while it was being stored in Nikolaev. Therefore, in order to bring the ship into combat condition, the Chinese had to carry out a huge amount of work. Since they did not have the documents, the electrical system had to be developed from scratch. It was also necessary to equip the cruiser with weapons. Doing this on a finished ship was much more difficult than creating it from scratch.
Chinese shipbuilders should be given their due. They coped with the task and in August 2011, testing of the aircraft carrier's performance characteristics began. For almost a year, the ship was tested at sea and only occasionally called at the port of Dalian to eliminate the crew’s complaints.
At the beginning of September 2012, ammunition was loaded on board the cruiser for weapons testing. Already on September 25 of the same year, the aircraft carrier officially joined the ranks of the Chinese Navy. In honor of one of the Chinese provinces, the ship was named Liaoning. Since then there has been no mention of the vessel's training status. Today it appears to be considered a full-fledged combat unit.
An interesting fact is that the Soviet aircraft-carrying cruiser serves in the same waters for which it was originally intended, only under a different flag. Now let's look at the technical side of the vessel.
Armament
The cruiser did not receive the weapons that should have been installed on it according to the Soviet project. He was equipped with the minimum set of weapons necessary for self-defense. In a similar way American ships of this class are being equipped.
Domestic engineers suggest that the mines under the main attack complex of the ship were dismantled and converted to store fuel and ammunition for the air group.
The heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Varyag", the photo of which looks very impressive, received locally produced anti-aircraft weapons during completion for the Chinese Navy. In terms of capabilities and composition, it is several times inferior to what was assumed in the project. As for aviation weapons, China has created a special version of the J-11 fighter for its aircraft carrier. By the way, this model is a copy of the Soviet Su-27 aircraft. The converted J-11 received a new name - J-15.
In addition to aircraft, Z-18 and Z-9 helicopters will be located on deck. For long-range radar surveillance, the PRC purchased Ka-31 helicopters from Russia. In general, the cruiser's air group consists of 24 multirole fighters, 6 anti-submarine helicopters, 4 AWACS helicopters and 2 search and rescue helicopters.
Communications and other equipment
During construction, it was decided to install the Forum radar complex (RLK) on the Varyag (an aviation cruiser that never became the new pride of the Soviet countries) instead of the one installed on the lead ship Mars-Passat. Therefore, the space for the Mars-Passat antenna posts was sealed.
During the completion of the ship in the People's Republic of China, type 348 radar antenna arrays made in China were installed in these places. Thus, the Liaoning is even more similar to the lead ship than the failed Varyag. The aircraft cruiser also received a rotating antenna of the Chinese Sea Eagle radar station.
As for the aviation technical part, Liaoning retained all the features inherent in the Soviet project. Among them it is worth highlighting: three starting positions with gas deflector shields and removable delays, a springboard instead of catapults, an optical landing system, as well as four cable-type aerofinishers with hydraulic brake machines.
In the aft part of the ship, at the left edge, an open post for the director of visual landing is installed according to the American model. In Soviet TAKRs, the post is a glazed closed cabin, which is better suited for the Northern and Far Eastern climate.
Service
In 1991, the Soviet Union began forming a crew for the cruiser under construction. The ship's commander has already been appointed. It was Vladimir Vysotsky. Previously, the man commanded the ship "Minsk". In 1993, the crew was disbanded.
Since November 4, 2012, the Liaoning aircraft carrier, which entered service, has become a place for training naval pilots and testing the J-15 fighter. On November 5 of the same year, for the first time in the history of China, an aircraft landed on the deck of a ship with a cable hook.
In December 2013, one of the Liaoning escort ships almost collided with the American cruiser USS Cowpens in the South China Sea. Both sides blamed each other for the misunderstanding.
On November 7, 2014, American Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel visited the Liaoning cruiser. Arriving on an official visit to China, he asked for the opportunity to look at the first Chinese aircraft carrier. After a two-hour tour of the ship, Hagel described the level positively vocational training cruiser crew. However, according to him, the Chinese still have a lot to learn in the field of carrier-based aviation.
In September 2015, a number of media reported that the Liaoning arrived in the Mediterranean Sea and moored in the Syrian port of Tartus. The news is believed to be nothing more than misinformation. The fact is that such a large ship is almost impossible to navigate unnoticed through the Indian and Pacific oceans.
Ship in art
"Varyag" - an aircraft-carrying cruiser, which until 2000 stood in Nikolaev near the outfitting wall, became the basis for the plot of the science fiction story "Business Trip". The plot revolved around the fictional unfinished aircraft carrier Dmitry Pozharsky. Since Soviet times, it has been defended in the city of Primorsk, and was later put up for sale. According to the story, a shot from a cruiser's cannon in 2017 caused an armed uprising, the goal of which was the return of Soviet power.
Fantastic story “Operation Spear” by A.I. Pervushina was also published under the name “Cruiser Varyag”. The aircraft-carrying cruiser, the characteristics of which we examined today, according to the plot of the story, was formally sold to a travel company, but in fact went to the shores of Antarctica to search for a magical artifact. During the voyage, the ship was confronted by an aircraft carrier group of the American naval forces, which also wanted to find the treasure.
This is how the aircraft-carrying cruiser "Varyag", the photo of which causes some sadness, became the personification of geopolitics, incomprehensible to creative and ordinary people.
Conclusion
Today we learned how difficult the history of the ship “Varyag” was. The aircraft-carrying cruiser, the description of which we now know, could have become the property of the Soviet, Russian or Ukrainian army if, due to negligence, it had not been worthlessly sold to strategic rivals.
Official historical information:
The cruiser was laid down on July 31, 1979 at the shipyard “In the name of the 61st communard” like rkr “Chervona Ukraine" Named at the request of the Council of Veterans of the Great Patriotic War KChF in honor of the cruiser who died in 1942 in Sevastopol Bay, defending Sevastopol. Launched on July 27, 1982.
On December 1, 1986, a crew was formed at the 10th Operational Squadron of the Pacific Fleet. By order of the USSR Ministry of Defense No. 284 of August 10, 1988, retired sergeant major Pavel Khristoforovich Dubinda, holder of the Order of Glory, 3rd degree, was enlisted as an honorary sailor. From August 15 to December 1, 1989, the ship underwent sea and state tests. On December 25, 1989, the cruiser was accepted into the USSR Navy. On January 7, 1990, the USSR Naval Flag was raised on the cruiser.
From September 27 to November 5, 1990, the cruiser was guarded EM “Bystry” made an inter-naval transition from the port of Sevastopol to the port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to perform combat service tasks. During the passage from October 22 to 24, he made a business call to the port of Cam Ranh (SR Vietnam). The transition and fulfillment of combat service tasks are assessed at "Fine".
Upon arrival at the KTOF on November 5, 1990, the cruiser was assigned to the 173rd missile ship brigade of the Kamchatka flotilla.
According to the results of the BP for 1991, the ship took second place in combat training, and was declared the best ship of the KTOF in missile training for 1991. In 1991, missile firing with cruise missiles at a sea target and firing at a target missile were successfully carried out "Malachite" UMZRK "Fort".
On July 26, 1992, the USSR Naval Flag was lowered on the cruiser and St. Andrew's flag was raised. The cruiser was declared the best at the KTOF in missile and artillery training and air defense and won the Navy Civil Code prize for firing cruise missiles at a sea target and firing at 3 missile targets "Malachite" UMZRK "Fort". In 1991 - 1994, the cruiser was the best ship of the formation. In 1994, the cruiser was declared the best ship of the 1st rank at the Caspian Fleet. In 1995, the cruiser, after a long stay, made the transition from the base of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Vladivostok in 4 days for the naval parade in honor of the celebration of the 50th anniversary of Peace in the Pacific (September 2).
On September 4, 1995, the ship was transferred to the 36th division of missile ships of the 10th Operational Squadron. 09 February 1996 RRC “Chervona Ukraine” By order of the Navy Civil Code, it was solemnly renamed into the Guards missile cruiser “Varyag” .
In 1996, the cruiser fired artillery at coastal and sea targets. 2 La-17 target aircraft and 1 target missile were destroyed by anti-aircraft missile systems RM-15 “Termite”. Declared the best ship of the KTOF in air defense. From February 9 to February 13, 1997, the cruiser made an official friendly visit to the port of Incheon, Republic of Korea, to the site of the battle of the armored cruiser "Varangian" with the Japanese squadron. On September 3, 1997, a cruise missile was fired at an actual sea target (the target was a decommissioned landing ship). The naval target was destroyed by a direct hit from the missile. For this shooting, the cruiser was awarded the prize of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy as the best surface ship of the Navy in missile training. In 1997, the cruiser was declared the advanced NK KTOF.
In 1998, the cruiser underwent dock repairs. After repairs, the ship completed a combat training course. He fired anti-aircraft missile systems and artillery at air, coastal and sea targets. In 1999, the cruiser performed missile firing with the main complex for the prize of the Navy Civil Code. From 02 to 06 October 1999 cruiser “Varyag” in conjunction with the squadron destroyer "Stormy" under the flag of the commander of the KTOF, Admiral ZAKHARENKO M.G. participated in an official visit to the port of Shanghai - People's Republic of China in connection with the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
On October 28, 1999, the cruiser participated in a comprehensive control exit of KTOF ships into Peter the Great Gulf with the Chairman of the Government Russian Federation Vladimir Putin. From October 10 to 15, 2002, the cruiser made an official visit to the port of Yokosuka (Japan) for the 50th anniversary of the Japanese Naval Self-Defense Force, and participated in the naval parade in Tokyo Bay. In 2003, the cruiser successfully completed missile firing with the main complex for the GKVMF prize.
In 2004, from February 10 to 15, the ship made an official friendly visit as part of a detachment of warships of the KTOF (together with BOD "Admiral Tributs", MPK "Korean") under the flag of the Commander of the KTOF, Admiral V.D. FEDOROV. to the port of Incheon, Republic of Korea, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the feat armored cruiser "Varyag" . During the visit, joint exercises were held with ships of the Republic of Korea Navy.
In April 2004, during the command and control operation of the KTOF, the ship successfully carried out missile and artillery firing, and shot down an air defense missile target "Gyurza" and AK-630. The chiefs of the ship are the administration of the Tula region and the city of Tula (BN agreement dated December 19, 1996), the administration of the Noginsk region (agreement No. 84 dated December 23, 1996), and the labor collective OJSC "VLADIVOSTOK-AVIA"(BN agreement dated August 14, 1999), Charitable Foundation naval support "Cruiser "Varyag" (BN agreement dated February 8, 2011).
In September-December 2005, the cruiser was part of the OBK ( BOD "Admiral Panteleev", BOD "Admiral Tributs" tanker "Pechenga") successfully completed the tasks of a long-distance voyage with port visits: the port of Visakhapatnam (India) - the port of Singapore - the port of Jakarta - the port of Sattahip - the port of Haiphong. The cruiser took part in international exercises "INDRA-2005". A number of officers and midshipmen were awarded state and departmental awards. In December, the cruiser was declared the best in the main types of training based on the results of 2005. In March-April, the cruiser cleaned the fuel tanks and unloaded all ammunition. In May 2006, dock repairs began on the cruiser. In the period from June 2006 to February 2008, separate repair work was carried out on the cruiser with the replacement of the main and main engines and the modernization of weapons by JSC Dalzavod Holding Company. In April 2008, the cruiser’s crew successfully worked and passed the course task "K-1". In May 2008, the cruiser joined the permanent readiness forces. In October 2008 grkr "Varyag" As part of a detachment of ships, he made an unofficial visit to the port of Busan of the Republic of Korea and took part in the international naval parade. At the end of 2008, the cruiser was declared the best ship of the 1st rank of the association. In April 2009 grkr "Varyag" As part of a detachment of KTOF ships, he made an unofficial visit to the port of Qingdao, China, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the PLA Navy.
October – December 2009 grkr "Varyag" made a business call to the Changi naval base of the Republic of Singapore in order to ensure the safety of the President of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev who participated in the APEC 2009 summit. The cruiser was visited by the President of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev, Governor of the Primorsky Territory S.M. Darkin, Vladyka of Primorsky and Vladivostok Veniamin. At the end of 2009, the cruiser won two prizes from the Navy Civil Code for missile firing.
In 2010 paid an unofficial visit to the port of San Francisco, USA. During the visit, a number of meetings were held with the command of the US Navy and the administration of the city of San Francisco. The cruiser was visited by Russian President D.A. Medvedev. In November 2010 Guards missile cruiser "Varyag" visited the port of Incheon, Republic of Korea. The crew of the cruiser took part in the ceremony of leasing the armored cruiser Guys to the Russian Federation "Varangian".
Let's moor
Let's moor
Guards missile cruiser pr.1164 "Varyag", flagship of the Pacific Fleet
Guards missile cruiser pr.1164 "Varyag", flagship of the Pacific Fleet
Guy descent
Guy descent
All night and morning of September 15, the ships sailed to the site of the final stage of bilateral exercises between fleet formations, which was located 154 miles from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Escort ships. Small rocket ship pr.12341 "Razliv"
All night and morning of September 15, the ships sailed to the site of the final stage of bilateral exercises between fleet formations, which was located 154 miles from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Escort ships. Small rocket ship pr.12341 "Razliv"
Destroyer Project 956 "Bystry"
Destroyer Project 956 "Bystry"
In front is the Razliv MRK, in the background is the large anti-submarine ship Project 1155 "Admiral Vinogradov"
In front is the Razliv MRK, in the background is the large anti-submarine ship Project 1155 "Admiral Vinogradov"
Also participating in the exercises were the Admiral Tributs BPC, the Koreets MPK, and the Moroz MRK. What happened during the exercises themselves: the naval strike group of the Primorsky Flotilla of heterogeneous forces carried out anti-aircraft missile fire to repel enemy air attacks from various directions.
Unfortunately, the escort ships were traveling at a very great distance, actively using interference and smoke, so it was not possible to film their work. The Moroz MRK fired two P-120 Malachite anti-ship missiles, which served as targets for escort ships, and the Koreets MPK fired a Saman target missile, which the Varyag fired at with a S-300F anti-aircraft missile. Fort". The cruiser also operated an AK-130 artillery mount, but I don’t know what type of target.
Shooting "Fort" from two shooting points (photos taken by Vadim Savitsky)
Shooting "Fort" from two shooting points (photos taken by Vadim Savitsky)
Armament
Missile weapons
- 8 x 2 - P-1000 Vulcan anti-ship missile launcher (16 missiles);
- 8 x 1 - 3M41 “Fort” air defense missile launcher (64 missiles);
- 2 x 2 - PU 4K33 “Osa-M” air defense missile system (40 missiles).
Mine and torpedo weapons
- 2 x 5 - 533 mm TA PTA-53-1164;
- 2 x 12 - 213 mm RBU -6000 "Smerch-2".
Radio-technical weapons
- Radar MR-800 "Flag";
- 2 navigation radars "Vaigach";
- SJSC MGK-335 “Platinum”;
- Electronic warfare MP-150 "Gurzuf-A", MP-152 "Gurzuf-B", MR-262 "Fence", MP-407 "Start-2";
- BIUS "Lesorub-1164".
Same type ships
"Chervona Ukraine"- Soviet missile cruiser of the project, the third ship in the series, has been part of the USSR Pacific Fleet since 1990. In 1996, renamed "Varangian" with the assignment of a guards rank. Actively takes part in exercises, combat services and ceremonial events of the fleet. After the nuclear cruiser Admiral Lazarev was put into reserve, it remained the most powerful combat unit in the KTOF ranks and was appointed flagship.
General information
Cruisers of Project 1164 type "Slava" (NATO code - English. Slava class) - a type of Soviet missile cruiser, occupying an intermediate position between ships of the Kirov type (Project 1144 Orlan) and destroyers of the Sovremenny type (Project 956 Sarych). Slava-class missile cruisers with powerful missile weapons surface-to-surface class ships became an important part of the Russian Navy after the division of the USSR fleet.
The Project 1164 missile cruiser is designed to strike large surface ships and enemy strike groups, ensure the combat stability of ship-based anti-submarine search and strike groups and solve the problems of collective air defense of formations and convoys in remote areas of the seas and oceans. Supporting missions include anti-submarine warfare, fire support for landing forces, and shelling of enemy-occupied coastlines.
"Chervona Ukraine" became the third and last of the completed Slava-class cruisers, and in 1990, after completion of tests, it was sent to the Far East to strengthen the Pacific Fleet. Six years later, the missile cruiser was renamed, receiving the name “Varyag” and the guards rank. Remains in service to this day.
History of creation
Predecessors
The immediate predecessors of Project 1164 missile cruisers were large anti-submarine ships of Projects 1134A and 1134B. The main purpose of ships of projects 1134A and 1134B, the construction of which was completed for the USSR Navy by the end of the 1970s, was to provide air defense and anti-aircraft defense to formations of warships, as well as search, track and destroy submarines in remote areas of the seas and oceans. It was they who were tasked with tracking in combat service the SSBNs of a potential enemy deployed in the World Ocean. Because of their powerful weapons and substantial displacement, they were always called cruisers abroad.
RKR "Varyag" at sea
Meanwhile, these BODs did not carry anti-ship weapons, and the task of fighting enemy naval strike groups remained before the fleet. Its solution using only attack submarines (SSGs) was irrational - operational groupings of heterogeneous forces and assets were required. It was also necessary to increase the strike capabilities of such groups and increase their combat stability from retaliatory strikes - this was dictated both by the dynamics of improving weapons and equipment, and by the lagging behind the USSR Navy in the development of naval aviation. In this regard, the Commission under the Council of Ministers of the USSR on military-industrial issues adopted decision No. 87 (dated April 20, 1972) to begin the development of technical specifications for a new ship, and in the mid-1970s the design of a new missile cruiser of the project under the code "Atlant" began. . The chief designer of the ship was first A.K. Perkov, and then V.I. Mutikhin; Captain 2nd rank A.N. Blinov was appointed chief observer from the Navy. Along with the traditional strike mission, the ship was entrusted with providing zonal or collective air defense, since the combat use of the ship was supposed to be part of an operational formation.
The lead RKR of a series of six cruisers with gas turbine units of Project 1164 under code name Atlant was laid down on the slipway of the Nikolaev Shipyard named after 61 Communards on November 4, 1976. The ship, named "Slava", was launched on July 27, 1979, and a year later the crew moved in. The cruiser entered service at the end of 1982, and in February of the following year was included in the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet.
The second cruiser of the series, Marshal Ustinov, was laid down in 1978, launched in April 1982, and transferred to the Northern Fleet on September 21, 1986. On December 17, 1997, planned repairs, which lasted for three years, were completed. At the St. Petersburg JSC Severnaya Verf, the cruiser, among other things, received a new power plant. On February 24, 2001, the capital of Belarus took patronage over the cruiser. Legally, this fact was secured by an agreement signed by the chairman of the Minsk City Executive Committee and the ship’s commander.
Construction and testing
On December 1, 1986, on the basis of the 10th operational squadron of the Pacific Fleet, a crew was formed for the ship under construction. By order of the USSR Ministry of Defense No. 284 of August 10, 1988, Hero of the Soviet Union, holder of the Order of Glory, was included in the crew of the Chervona Ukraina as an honorary sailor three degrees, retired guard sergeant major Dubinda Pavel Khristoforovich is a veteran of the crew of the first cruiser with this name, who, after the death of his ship, defended Sevastopol in the ranks of the Marine Corps.
In September 1988, the crew of the cruiser arrived in Nikolaev and settled on board.
From August 15 to December 1, 1989, the completed missile cruiser "Chervona Ukraine" underwent sea trials and State tests on the Black Sea.
On December 25, 1989, the cruiser, which successfully passed the tests, was accepted into the Navy, which was confirmed by Order of the Civil Code of the Navy No. 0108 of March 23, 1990.
Description of design
Frame
The cruiser's hull was welded from low-alloy steel and formed from volumetric sections, which, in turn, made up assembly blocks assembled in construction areas located forward and aft of the main (mortgage) area - the engine rooms. To compensate for bending loads under storm conditions, it was planned to place two longitudinal bulkheads, as well as fastening the bilge keels and superstructure sheets at the points of their attachment to the hull structures using rivets.
The length to width ratio is 8.97, which ensures good wave climbing. The bow contours are designed with a large camber of the frames. The ship has a rapid, predatory slope of the stem with a keel bulb, an extended forecastle with significant sheerness in the bow, upper and lower (living) decks, two platforms in the bow and stern, a hold and a second bottom. The casting system is longitudinal with a spacing length of 500 mm. The double bottom extends the entire length of the ship's hull into a double side, and the double bottom space is used to store fuel and water. The upper and lower (living) decks are continuous along the entire length, with the upper deck having a break at the bow.
View of the cruiser from the water
A developed three-island superstructure and tower-like pyramidal foremasts and mainmasts were mounted on the forecastle deck. The bow superstructure has five tiers and ends in a pyramidal tower-like foremast. The middle superstructure consists of three tiers with two rectangular chimneys attached to it and is crowned in the middle with a pyramidal tower-like mainmast. The aft two-tier superstructure ends in a full-fledged hangar for the permanent deployment of the helicopter, and on the roof of the superstructure itself there is an antenna for the control system of the Fort air defense system.
All main and auxiliary mechanisms were mounted inside the ship's hull on foundations and bases using shock absorption, which reduced noise inside the compartments and significantly reduced the acoustic fields around the ship. All passages to combat posts are carried out along 2 side corridors without access to the upper deck to better meet the requirements of anti-nuclear protection (PAZ) and anti-chemical protection (CCP). The ship's unsinkability is ensured by dividing the hull into 16 compartments by transverse waterproof bulkheads.
Booking
Limitations in the size and cost of ships did not allow any significant armor to be included in the design of Project 1164 missile cruisers. However, at the request of the chief observer, for many hull structures the minimum thickness of steel sheets was adopted at 8 millimeters, which is higher than required by calculations or standards. Along with steel, aluminum alloys are also used in the ship's design. Elements of the cruiser's superstructure in areas exposed to open flame are made of steel, while the upper structures are made of aluminum alloys for lightness.
Power plant and driving performance
The main engines are two combined automated M-21 units of the third generation, which include two 10,000 hp M-70 propulsion reversible gas turbines. s., four afterburner (otherwise called main) reversible turbines of the M-8KF type, 22,500 hp each. With. and two constantly operating steam turbines of the heat recovery circuit (TUK) of 1500 liters each. With. When all sources of hot exhaust gas are turned on, the power of the TUK turbines increases to 2500 hp. With. Thus, the maximum continuous power of the cruiser’s power plant reaches 115,000 hp. With.
The ship's full speed is 32.5 knots. The maximum cruising range at economic speed is more than 8,000 miles.
Crew and habitability
Crew on board the cruiser
The living quarters of the crew (sailors and petty officers) are located on the upper and lower decks, where there are two- and three-tier stationary bunks in the cockpits. Personal belongings and team uniforms are stored in lockers. There are canteen crews on the ship for meals for conscripts.
Officers are accommodated in single and double cabins in the bow of the ship, and midshipmen in double and quadruple cabins. All living quarters are radio-equipped. Officers and midshipmen take meals in two wardrooms; the officers' wardroom is located in the bow superstructure.
To store supplies of provisions and various equipment of engine, artillery, mine, skipper and other parts, special storerooms are provided on the ship. The cruiser is equipped with a bathhouse with a swimming pool, showers, laundry, ironing, hairdressing salons, a sports cabin, washrooms and latrines. The medical block includes an infirmary, an isolation ward and an outpatient clinic. All residential and service premises, posts and ammunition cellars are equipped with an air conditioning system, which includes 4 refrigeration units of the BM-600 type and ensures the crew’s livelihoods at outside temperatures from -25°C to +34°C. In addition, the ammunition cellars are equipped with irrigation and flooding systems. The ship's fresh water supply can be replenished with water from a desalination plant.
Armament
Main strike complex
Containers of Vulcan cruise missiles on a cruiser
On the third missile cruiser of Project 1164 “Chervona Ukraine”, instead of the “Basalt” complex, its improved version was initially installed - the P-1000 “Vulcan” complex, which has a maximum firing range of 700 kilometers. The complex's ammunition capacity is 16 missiles in transport and launch containers, and reloading of the Basalt and Vulcan missiles is possible only at the base using special missile unloading devices.
These cruisers are among the most powerful in their class precisely because of their anti-ship missiles, which have a long firing range and high warhead power, while being difficult to hit by enemy air defense systems. These missiles are also designed for a nuclear warhead, but even with a conventional warhead they can hit and destroy such a well-protected and large target as an aircraft carrier. For this reason, Slava-class guided missile cruisers are sometimes called “aircraft carrier killers.”
Auxiliary and anti-aircraft weapons
The main anti-aircraft weapon is the Fort multi-channel collective defense missile system. The Fort air defense system is designed to destroy high-speed, maneuverable and small-sized targets in the entire range of altitudes up to ultra-low, as well as medium-sized naval targets.
Launch of the Fort missile defense system from the Varyag
The complex includes an under-deck drum-type launcher B-204 with eight drum devices for 8 TPK. The rocket launch is below deck, vertical from a transport and launch container with the main engine starting after the rocket exits, which ensures fire and explosion safety of the cellar. The rocket is launched from a container under the launch hatch. After the rocket descends, the drum rotates, bringing the next rocket into the TPK to the launch line. The total ammunition capacity of the complex on Project 1164 cruisers is 64 missiles. The B-204 launcher also includes loading devices that install transport and launch containers with missiles from the deck of the ship into the cellar on the drum guides.
Detection and guidance radar of the Fort complex on the Varyag
The firing range of the Fort complex is 5-75 km. The reaction time of the complex in standby mode is from 16 to 19 seconds, the rotating antenna of the guidance radar provides simultaneous tracking of 6 targets and the targeting of two missiles at them in a spatial sector of 90x90 degrees.
Short-range air defense systems are represented by two single-channel 4K33A Osa-MA complexes, which are designed for self-defense against low-flying anti-ship missiles, airplanes, helicopters, as well as for hitting surface targets at a range from 1 to 10, and at a height of up to 5 km. The Osa-MA air defense systems are installed on-board: each complex has a two-beam ZIF-122 launcher aimed in two planes, a magazine for 20 missiles and its own control and detection system. The total ammunition is 40 missiles.
The artillery armament is represented by a two-gun 130-mm automatic artillery mount AK-130 with a radar control system MR-184 "Lev". The control system is multi-band, with radar and television channels for target sighting. The maximum rate of fire is 85 rounds per minute. Within the range of the ammunition, the complex provides shelling of sections of the coast, ports and other coastal structures, fortified points during landing operations of fleet forces against the coast; can fire artillery sea battle with surface ships and fire at medium- and large-sized naval targets; hit Various types air targets, including low-flying missiles. The rate of fire is adjustable from single shots or volleys to bursts. Firing range is 24.1 km, barrel survivability is over 1,500 rounds, ammunition capacity is 360 rounds per barrel.
To engage low-flying air targets at the firing line, combat small surface targets and lightly armored coastal objects, as well as destroy floating mines, there are AK-630M rapid-fire assault rifles - three batteries consisting of two gun mounts and one fire control system each. Fire control - from the MP-123 "Vympel" radar or manually from the sighting column. The rate of fire is 5000 rounds per minute, the altitude reach is up to 5 km, the maximum range is up to 8 km. The total ammunition capacity is 48,000 rounds.
Mine and torpedo weapons
The ship's anti-submarine weapons receive target designation from the Platina State Joint Stock Company. The detection range of submarines using this complex under favorable conditions is up to 15 km. When a special towed variable-depth antenna is turned on, it is possible to “listen” to the horizons below the temperature jump layer. The main anti-submarine armament of the ship is 2 five-tube torpedo tubes PTA-53-1164 of 533 mm caliber, with a total ammunition load of 10 guided torpedoes. The ship-based Ka-27 helicopter can also be used to search for and combat submarines.
The Smerch-2 universal rocket-propelled bomb system is used to destroy torpedoes coming at a ship and to combat underwater saboteurs. In extreme cases, bomb launchers can also be used to combat submarines (at detection distances of less than 6 km) and to fire at coastal targets. The system includes: two 12-barrel RBU-6000 installations with a power drive and a loading device; RSL-60 reactive depth charges; "Storm" fire control devices. Bombs from the cellar are fed by special lifts; after loading the last barrel, the installation automatically switches to guidance mode. After firing, it automatically returns to loading mode. A backup manual drive for the installation is provided. Firing range up to 6 km, depth of destruction of an object up to 500 meters, fuse either impact or remote (for a certain depth). All this data is entered using fire control devices, immediately before the shot. The total ammunition capacity is 144 bombs (for 6 salvos for each RBU). Instead of the RGB-60, it is possible to use more advanced 90-R (RPK-8) shells.
Aviation weapons
Anti-submarine helicopter Ka-27PL lands on the Varyag site
The initial project provided for arming Project 1164 cruisers with Ka-25 helicopters. From 1965 to 1973, about 460 Ka-25s in 18 modifications were built at Aircraft Plant No. 99. The anti-submarine modification (Ka-25PL) can transport in the bomb bay and use bomb and torpedo weapons with a total mass of up to 1100 kg (the normal torpedo and bomb load is 650 kg).
The main torpedo armament of the helicopter was the AT-1 torpedo weighing 550 kg. This type torpedoes are capable of attacking a submarine at a depth of 20 to 200 m, with a speed of 25 knots. Subsequently, instead of the AT-1, its modification AT-1M began to be used.
The helicopter's bomb armament is represented by deep anti-submarine bombs PLAB-250-120, PLAB-50-64 and PLAB-MK, capable of hitting a boat at a depth of up to 300 m. It is possible to use day and night marker bombs OMAB-25-12D and OMAB- 25-8Н, located on external holders.
A further development of the Ka-25 was the heavier and more advanced Ka-27PL helicopter. As a rule, helicopters of this type are based on the cruiser Chervona Ukraine/Varyag. A hangar is provided for the helicopter on the cruiser, and takeoffs and landings of rotorcraft are controlled from the launch command post (UCP) located to the right of the hangar.
If necessary, instead of the Ka-25PL anti-submarine helicopter, the cruiser can take on board its search and rescue version, the Ka-27PS.
Communications, detection, auxiliary equipment
Antenna of the Voskhod radar on the Varyag missile launcher
The radio-electronic armament of Project 1164 cruisers is represented by the three-dimensional radar MR-800 "Flag" (as part of the MR-700 "Fregat-M" and MR-600 "Voskhod" stations with the Baikal-F data processing system, later "Poima", and an antenna identification), capable of detecting air targets at a distance of up to 480 km, and surface targets up to 40 km (without the help of a ship's helicopter). The stations operate in the centimeter and decimeter ranges. Starting with the third ship of the series, the cruiser Chervona Ukraine/Varyag, the Fregat radar was replaced by the more modern Fregat-MA. The latter has two antenna arrays in the form of flat panels “back to back”: one for shortwave (dimensions 3.4x3.3 m), the second for the long-wave frequency range (dimensions 3.54x2.42 m). The information processing system of the two antennas is the same. “Dead zone” - 2 km, acceptable conditions waves are 20 degrees during roll and 10 during pitching.
Illumination of distant surface conditions and target designation (via satellites) is carried out by Corvette stations.
The Salgir-U navigation complex includes three MR-212 Vaigach type radars.
Communication facilities are combined into the Typhoon-2 complex; there are Tsunami-BM and Kristall space communications complexes. The subsystems are controlled by the BIUS “Lesorub-1164”.
The cruiser has 12 ten-barrel jammer launchers of the PK-10 system and 2 double-barreled jammer launchers (ZIF-121) of the PK-2 system, as well as a full set of radar weapons of the MP-152 “Ring” complex for detecting working communication systems, radar stations, missile homing heads the enemy, their direction finding, suppression of missile guidance paths and other countermeasures (MRP-3, MP-150, MP-152 “Gurzuf” and so on).
Service history
Cruiser at sea
From September 27 to November 5, 1990, the cruiser, escorted by the destroyer Bystry, made an inter-naval transition from the port of Sevastopol to the port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to perform combat service tasks. During the passage from October 22 to 24, the cruiser made a business call to the port of Cam Ranh (Vietnam). The transition and fulfillment of combat service tasks were rated “good.”
Upon joining the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF) on November 5, 1990, the cruiser was assigned to the 173rd missile ship brigade of the Kamchatka flotilla.
In 1991, the cruiser Chervona Ukraine successfully fired cruise missiles at a sea target and fired the Fort air defense system at a Malachite target missile.
At the end of 1991, the ship took second place in combat training, and was also declared the best ship of the KTOF in missile training for 1991.
GRKR "Varyag" fires with a universal caliber during exercises
On July 26, 1992, the USSR Naval Flag was ceremoniously lowered on the cruiser "Chervona Ukraine" and the St. Andrew's Flag of the Russian Navy was raised.
The cruiser was declared the best at the KTOF in missile and artillery training and air defense and won the Navy Civil Code prize for firing cruise missiles at a sea target, as well as firing at three Malachite missile targets with Fort air defense missiles.
In 1991 - 1994, the cruiser "Chervona Ukraine" was the best ship of the formation.
In 1994, the cruiser was declared the best 1st rank ship in the Kamchatka flotilla.
In 1995, after a long stay, the cruiser made the transition from the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky base to Vladivostok in 4 days for the naval parade in honor of the celebration of the 50th anniversary of peace in the Pacific Ocean. The parade took place on September 2, the anniversary of the signing of Japan's surrender.
On September 4, 1995, the ship was transferred to the 36th missile ship division of the 10th operational squadron (OpEsk) of the KTOF and changed its permanent base, moving from Petropavlovsk to Abrek Bay.
Front view of the cruiser
On February 9, 1996, the RKR "Chervona Ukraine" was solemnly renamed into the missile cruiser "Varyag" by order of the Navy Civil Code and awarded the rank of guards. The renaming immortalized the memory of the heroic cruiser “Varyag” of the Russian fleet, which, with the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War, took on an unequal battle with the Japanese squadron.
In 1996, the cruiser fired artillery at coastal and sea targets. Anti-aircraft missile fire destroyed 2 La-17 target aircraft and 1 RM-15 Termit target missile. Declared the best ship of the KTOF in air defense.
From February 9 to 13, 1997, the cruiser made an official friendly visit to the port of Incheon (formerly Chemulpo) of the Republic of Korea - to the site of the battle of the armored cruiser "Varyag" with the Japanese squadron, to give military honors to the heroic Russian sailors. First Deputy Commander of the Pacific Fleet, Vice Admiral V.V. Chirkov, held his flag on the Varyag missile cruiser.
On September 3, 1997, a cruise missile was fired at an actual sea target (the target was a decommissioned landing ship). A naval target was destroyed by a direct hit from a cruise missile. For this shooting, the cruiser was awarded the prize of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy as the best surface ship of the Navy in missile training. In 1997, the cruiser was declared the leading surface ship of the KTOF.
In 1998, the cruiser underwent dock repairs. After repairs, the ship completed a combat training course, firing anti-aircraft missile systems and artillery at air, coastal and sea targets.
In 1999, the cruiser performed missile firing with the main complex for the prize of the Navy Civil Code.
GRKR "Varyag" returns after a visit to Shanghai, October 1999
From October 2 to October 6, 1999, the flagship of the Pacific Fleet, the cruiser "Varyag", together with the destroyer "Burny" under the flag of the commander of the KTOF, Admiral Zakharenko M.G., took part in an official visit to the port of Shanghai (People's Republic of China) in connection with the celebration of the 50th anniversary education of the People's Republic of China.
On October 28, 1999, the cruiser participated in a comprehensive control exit of KTOF ships into Peter the Great Bay with the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin on board.
From October 10 to 15, 2002, the cruiser made an official visit to the port of Yokosuka (Japan) on the 50th anniversary of the formation of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Forces, and took part in a naval parade in Tokyo Bay.
In 2002, Varyag was appointed the flagship ship of the Pacific Fleet to replace the heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Admiral Lazarev, which was put into reserve.
In 2003, the cruiser successfully completed missile firing with the main complex for the prize of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy.
In 2004, from February 10 to 15, “Varyag” made an official friendly visit as part of a detachment of warships of the KTOF (together with the Admiral Tributs BOD and the Koreets MPK) to the South Korean port of Incheon to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the armored cruiser’s feat. Varyag". The Russian detachment flew under the flag of the commander of the KTOF, Admiral V.D. Fedorov; During the visit, joint exercises were conducted with ships of the Republic of Korea Navy.
In April 2004, during the command and staff exercises of the KTOF, the ship successfully carried out missile and artillery firing, and shot down an aerial target of the Gyurza air defense system with fire from 30-mm AK-630 assault rifles.
"Varyag" on the march
In September-December 2005, the cruiser, as part of a detachment of warships - in addition to the Varyag, it included the Admiral Panteleev, the Admiral Tributs and the Pechenga tanker - successfully completed the tasks of a long voyage visiting the ports of Visakhapatnam (India) , Singapore, Jakarta (Indonesia), Sattahip (Thailand) and Haiphong (Vietnam). During the cruise, the cruiser took part in the international exercises “Indra-2005” with the participation of warships of the Indian Navy. A number of officers and midshipmen of the Varyag were awarded state and departmental awards.
In December, the cruiser was declared the best in the fleet in the main types of training based on the results of 2005.
In March-April, the cruiser cleaned the fuel tanks and unloaded all ammunition, and in May 2006, dock repairs began on the ship.
In the period from June 2006 to February 2008, separate repair work was carried out on the cruiser with the replacement of the main and main engines and the modernization of weapons by JSC Dalzavod Holding Company.
Missile cruiser "Varyag" full speed ahead, drawing
In April 2008, the crew of the Varyag cruiser, which completed repairs, successfully worked and passed the K-1 course task, and in May 2008 the ship again joined the permanent readiness forces.
In October 2008, the Varyag GRKR, as part of a detachment of ships, made an unofficial visit to the port of Busan (South Korea) and took part in the international naval parade.
At the end of 2008, the cruiser was declared the best ship of the 1st rank of the association.
In April 2009, the Varyag GRKR, as part of a detachment of KTOF ships, made an unofficial visit to the port of Qingdao (PRC) to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the PLA Navy.
In October - December 2009, the Varyag GRKR made a business call to the Changi Naval Base of the Republic of Singapore in order to ensure the security of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, who participated in the APEC 2009 summit. The cruiser was visited by the President of the Russian Federation D. A. Medvedev (September 16), the Governor of the Primorsky Territory S. M. Darkin, and the Bishop of Primorsky and Vladivostok Veniamin. In addition to the cruiser, the detachment included the rescue ship Fotiy Krylov and the medium tanker Pechenga; The commander of the Primorsky flotilla of heterogeneous forces, Rear Admiral S.I. Avakyants, held his flag on the Varyag.
At the end of 2009, the cruiser won two prizes from the Navy Civil Code for missile firing.
The missile cruiser "Varyag" is sent on a friendly visit to San Francisco, 2010
In June 2010, the guards missile cruiser "Varyag" paid an unofficial visit to the port of San Francisco (USA). During the visit, a number of meetings were held with the command of the US Navy and the administration of the city of San Francisco.
In November 2010, the guards missile cruiser "Varyag" visited the port of Incheon, Republic of Korea. The crew of the cruiser took part in the ceremony of South Korea leasing the hull of the armored cruiser Varyag to Russia. During the ceremony, Supreme Commander-in-Chief President of the Russian Federation D. A. Medvedev was present on board the cruiser.
In April - May 2011, the cruiser participated in the joint Russian-Chinese exercise “Peace Mission 2011” in the Yellow Sea with a call at the port of Qingdao (China).
In September - December 2011, "Varyag" at the head of a detachment of ships of the Pacific Fleet under the flag of Captain 1st Rank Sergei Zhuga performed combat service tasks in the Pacific Ocean with visits to the naval base of Maizuru (Japan), Apra (Guam Island, USA) and Vancouver ( Canada). During this combat service, the cruiser "Varyag", together with the US Navy in the area of the island of Guam, took part in the anti-terrorist exercises "Pacific Eagle-2011".
From April 23 to April 27, 2012, together with the large anti-submarine ships Admiral Vinogradov, Marshal Shaposhnikov, Admiral Tributs and supply ships, he took part in the Russian-Chinese exercises Peace Mission 2012 in the Yellow Sea.
At the beginning of 2013, the cruiser underwent scheduled repairs at Dalzavod.
From July 5 to July 12, 2013, he participated in the joint Russian-Chinese exercise “Peace Mission 2013” in the Sea of Japan. In the period from July 13 to 20, together with the destroyer "Bystry", large anti-submarine ships "Admiral Vinogradov" and "Marshal Shaposhnikov", large landing ships "Nikolai Vilkov" and "Oslyabya" he participated in a sudden large-scale inspection of the troops of the Central and Eastern Military Districts.
At the end of August, the Varyag, at the head of a squadron of ships of the Pacific Fleet, set off for the Mediterranean Sea.
November 7, 2013, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser "Peter the Great" of the Northern Fleet in the central part Mediterranean Sea conducted maneuvers to practice elements of inter-fleet interaction together with the crew of the Pacific Fleet missile cruiser "Varyag". During the maneuvers, the cruiser crews practiced organizing communications during the sea crossing, joint maneuvering, and also organized anti-submarine defense using helicopter systems.
On November 11, 2013, the cruiser Varyag became the first warship in the history of the Pacific Fleet to visit the Egyptian port of Alexandria. Also during the voyage, the Varyag visited the ports of Trincomalee (Sri Lanka) and Salalah (Oman).
On January 25, 2014, the Varyag GRKR returned to its home base after completing a long combat service. In five months, the ship covered about 30 thousand nautical miles.
In the period from May 20 to 26, 2014, the Varyag GRKR, at the head of a squadron of the destroyer Bystry, the large anti-submarine ship Admiral Panteleev, the large landing ship Admiral Nevelskoy, the tanker Ilim and the sea tug Kalar, took part in the next Russian-Chinese exercise “Maritime Cooperation 2014”. During the exercises, sailors from the two countries practiced joint actions to defend ships at anchorage, release merchant ships captured by pirates, organize joint air defense, conduct anti-submarine and search and rescue operations, missile and artillery firing at sea and coastal targets. For the first time, the parties carried out combat training missions as part of mixed detachments of ships. 18 warships and vessels of the Russian Navy and the PLA Navy took part in the exercise.
After the exercises, the Russian squadron visited the port of Shanghai (PRC). The ceremonial events in Shanghai were attended by Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Vice Admiral Alexander Fedotenkov, and Deputy Commander of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLA), Vice Admiral Tian Zhong.
Guards cruiser "Varyag" at the head of a detachment of ships
The Russian detachment of warships left Shanghai on May 27 and arrived in Vladivostok on June 1, 2014.
From July 15 to 19, “Varyag” took part in the Russian-Indian exercises “Indra-2014” in the Sea of Japan (Peter the Great Bay). The active phase of the exercise took place from July 17 to July 19, 2014. During the exercise, Russian and Indian sailors practiced counter combat in the dark, search and simulated destruction of a submarine, artillery firing at parachute and naval targets, as well as assistance to a ship in distress.
In September 2014, “Varyag” carried out firing during the large-scale exercises “Vostok-2014”.
From October 23 to December 15, 2014, as part of a detachment of the large anti-submarine ship Marshal Shaposhnikov, the tanker Boris Butoma and the rescue tug Fotiy Krylov, he ensured a naval presence and flag display in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. During this campaign - in November 2014, on the eve of the Australian G20 summit - two detachments of ships of the Pacific Fleet, led by the cruiser Varyag, arrived on the shores of Australia, which caused a public outcry in Australia.
At the end of 2015, the Varyag GRKR entered its next combat service at the head of a detachment of Pacific Fleet ships consisting of the Bystry destroyer, the Boris Butoma tanker and the Alatau rescue tugboat. Rear Admiral Alexander Yuldashev raised his flag on the Varyag.
From December 6 to 12, 2015, a detachment led by the Varyag was on an unofficial visit to the port of Visakhapatnam (India) during combat service. After the visit, the Pacific Islanders took part in the joint Russian-Indian naval exercise Indra 2015.
At the end of the exercises - on the twentieth of December 2015 - the cruiser on a business visit called at the port of Salalah (Oman), where the crew replenished water and food supplies. Next, the cruiser headed across the Red Sea to the coast of Syria to join the Mediterranean squadron of the Russian Navy.
Guards missile cruiser "Varyag" at sea
At the end of 2015, the cruiser “Varyag” was recognized as the best surface ship of the Pacific Fleet in tactical training. On December 29, 2015, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the guards missile cruiser "Varyag" was awarded the Order of Nakhimov. The Varyag itself at that time continued to carry out combat service tasks, heading through the Red Sea to the Suez Canal.
On January 3, 2016, the cruiser passed Suez Canal to the Mediterranean Sea to replace the Moskva GRKR near the coast of Syria as part of the operational formation of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea. The main combat mission of the Varyag was to cover with its Fort anti-aircraft complex the actions of the air group of the Russian Aerospace Forces at the Syrian Khmeimim airfield. The Russian contingent deployed in Syria at the invitation of the government of the Syrian Arab Republic is participating in hostilities against Islamists.
On June 4, 2016, in Singapore, on behalf of the Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Anatoly Antonov, a reception was held on behalf of the Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, the Varyag guards missile cruiser, in Singapore. The reception was organized as part of the business visit of the missile cruiser Varyag to the Singapore Changi naval base. The event was timed to coincide with the 15th international conference on security in Asia “Shangri-La Dialogue” taking place in Singapore.
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