Cefazolin is a cephalosporin antibiotic that belongs to the group of semisynthetic antimicrobial drugs. Instructions for use indicate that injections in injection ampoules have a wide spectrum of bactericidal action. Therapists confirm that the drug helps in the treatment of sore throat, sepsis and other infections.
Release form and composition
Cefazolin is available in powder form for the preparation of a solution and its subsequent injection intramuscularly or intravenously. Powder in transparent glass bottles in a cardboard box, the drug is accompanied by a detailed annotation describing the characteristics of the antibiotic.
The powder is white or almost white; when dissolved, it turns into a clear, colorless liquid with a slight specific odor. Each bottle contains 250 mg, 500 mg or 1 g of the active ingredient - Cefazolin in the form of sodium salt.
Indications for use
What does Cefazolin help with? Injections are prescribed if the patient has:
- inflammation in the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs;
- bone and joint infections;
- peritonitis and sepsis;
- skin infections after burns, surgeries and wounds;
- venereal diseases;
- blood poisoning;
- infectious diseases of the respiratory tract;
- infectious skin diseases;
- inflammation of the lining of the heart;
- mastitis;
- infections of the biliary and urinary tract.
For what purpose the drug will be effective in each individual case, it is necessary to consult a specialist. Only a doctor knows the exact indications for the use of Cefazolin. For example, he may recommend a drug for sore throat, skin infections or blood poisoning.
Injections help with blood infections, peritonitis, meningitis, and many infectious diseases.
Instructions for use
Cefazolin injections are administered intramuscularly, intravenously (stream and drip (in the form of a dropper)). The average daily dose for adults is 0.25-1 g; frequency of administration - 2-4 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 6 g (in rare cases - 12 g). The average duration of treatment is 7-10 days.
To prevent postoperative infection - 1 g intravenously 0.5-1 hour before surgery, 0.5-1 g during surgery and 0.5-1 g every 8 hours during the first day after surgery. Children 1 month and older - 25-50 mg/kg per day; in case of severe infection, the dose can be increased to 100 mg/kg per day. The frequency of administration is 2-4 times a day.
Preparation of solutions for injections and infusions: 0.5 g of the drug is dissolved in 2 ml of water for injection (can be used in the case of intramuscular administration of the drug Novocain to reduce pain at the injection site), 1 g - in 4 ml of water for injection.
For intravenous bolus administration, the resulting solution is diluted with 5 ml of water for injection, then administered slowly over 3-5 minutes.
For intravenous drip administration, the drug is diluted with 50-100 ml of 5% or 10% dextrose solution, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, Ringer's solution, 5% sodium bicarbonate solution. During dilution, the vials must be shaken vigorously until completely dissolved.
Read also: what helps and how to take an antibiotic.
pharmachologic effect
Cefazolin is the least toxic cephalosporin antibiotic with a wide spectrum of action. It belongs to semisynthetic antimicrobial drugs from the beta-lactam group. This group of antibiotics kills pathogenic bacteria and microbes by destroying their cell walls.
Cefazolin exhibits increased activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms: staphylococci, diplococcus pneumoniae, enterobacteria, E. coli, salmonella, Klebsiella, Shigella, Proteus, anthrax, Haemophilus influenzae, clostridia, treponema, spirochetes, etc.
The antibiotic has no effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungi, viruses and protozoan microorganisms.
Contraindications
- lactation period;
- children up to one month old;
- pregnancy;
- hypersensitivity to medications of the cephalosporin group.
Side effects
During treatment with Cefazolin injections, side effects occur in patients with hypersensitivity to cephalosporins:
- from the respiratory system - shortness of breath, bronchospasm, swelling of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract;
- from the hematopoietic organs - leukopenia, decreased platelet levels, granulocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, increased prothrombin time;
- local reactions - pain along the vein, puncture of the vein, formation of a hematoma, formation of a painful infiltrate at the injection site, redness and swelling of the skin at the site of drug administration;
- allergic reactions - urticaria, skin itching, dermatitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, development of Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock;
- from the genitourinary system - impaired renal function, development of interstitial nephritis, itching of the genital organs as a result of dysbacteriosis, thrush in women;
- from the digestive system - the formation of painful ulcers in the oral cavity, candidal stomatitis, dry mouth, heartburn, belching, nausea, lack of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, the development of colitis, impaired liver function, the development of acute pancreatitis.
If you experience any side effects from injections of the drug, you should definitely inform your doctor. If during the administration of the medicine the patient experiences a feeling of shortness of breath, heat in the face, shortness of breath, tachycardia, chills, you should immediately tell the medical professional about this and stop administering the solution.
Children, pregnancy and breastfeeding
Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.
In childhood
Contraindicated for children under 1 month and premature infants due to the fact that the safety of use in these groups of patients has not been established.
special instructions
Patients who have a history of allergic reactions to drugs of the penicillin group should consult a doctor before starting therapy with Cefazolin. Typically, such patients have increased sensitivity to cephalosporins.
Patients with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, especially with colitis, including a history, should always consult a doctor before starting therapy. During injection therapy, the patient's condition should be carefully monitored; if symptoms of colitis occur, it is recommended to immediately stop treatment.
With a correctly calculated dose, the drug does not have a depressing effect on the functioning of the central nervous system and does not inhibit the speed of psychomotor reactions.
Drug interactions
When the drug is combined with aminoglycosides, Rifampicin, Vancomycin, a synergistic antimicrobial effect is observed. Aminoglycosides increase the likelihood of kidney damage. The drug is incompatible with them.
It is not advisable to combine the medication with anticoagulants and diuretics.
Interaction with agents that inhibit tubular secretion increases the level of the active substance of the drug in the blood, increases the likelihood of toxic reactions and slows down the elimination time.
Analogues of the drug Cefazolin
Analogues are determined by structure:
- Cefopride.
- Cefaprim.
- Orpin.
- Cefamezin.
- Cefazolin Sandoz (Elfa, Biochemi, AKOS, Ferein).
- Cefazolin sodium salt.
- Kefzol.
- Intrazolin.
- Ifizol.
- Cefazolin sodium.
- Anceph.
- Zolin.
- Natsef.
- Totatsef.
- Cesolin.
- Lysolin.
- Orizolin.
- Cefezol.
Vacation conditions and price
The average cost of Cefazolin (powder for solution 1 g) in Moscow is 30 rubles. The drug is sold in pharmacies with a prescription.
It is recommended to store bottles of powder in a cool place out of reach of children. Avoid direct sunlight exposure of the drug. The shelf life of the powder is 3 years from the date of manufacture. Do not use a drug that has expired.
The solution should be prepared immediately before administration; it is unacceptable to store the prepared solution until the next injection.
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Latin name: Cefazolinum
ATX code: J01DB04
Active substance: Cefazolin
Manufacturer: Biochemist, Sinetez, Russia
Conditions for dispensing from a pharmacy: On prescription
Cefazolin is an antimicrobial antibiotic aimed at eliminating all kinds of infections and similar diseases sensitive to the main active substance.
Indications for use
Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is used to eliminate a variety of inflammatory infections and similar diseases, if they are sensitive to it. Among them:
- Endocarditis
- Sepsis
- Peritonitis
- Various genitourinary tract infections
- Various respiratory tract infections
- Infections related to bones and joints.
This drug is not used for sore throat, flu, colds and other seasonal diseases.
Composition of the drug
A bottle of Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) filled with powder contains 1 mg of the active ingredient for injection - cefazolin.
Medicinal properties
Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is an antimicrobial drug for injection or drip administration that has a therapeutic effect on a fairly wide range of infectious diseases. Its active substance, cefazolin, achieves this effect by inhibiting the synthesis of various cell wall substances. It is the latter that contributes to the destruction of the microbial cell and subsequently the complete cessation of the inflammatory process.
After the injection, cefazolin begins to act within an hour, but after 12 hours the therapeutic effect disappears. Cefazolin is excreted through the kidneys, in the urine, and mainly unchanged.
Release form
Average price - 40 rubles
Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is available in bottles of 0.5, 1 and 2 g. It looks like a white powder that needs to be diluted for injection or drip administration. The drug has no other forms of release other than white powder for injection.
Mode of application
Preparation of the solution
There are three main ways to dilute cefazolin, which doctors usually describe in prescriptions:
- Dissolve the powder in 5 ml of a special liquid (for intramuscular administration, injection)
- Dissolve, but only using 10 ml of liquid (for intravenous administration)
- Dissolve 0.5 or 1 mg of the drug in 100-250 ml of liquid (for drip administration)
How to dilute cefazolin with novocaine if prescribed by a doctor? First, you need to purchase 2% novocaine or lidocaine. After this, you need to prepare sterile syringes and follow the instructions:
- Open the ampoule with novocaine or lidocaine
- Prepare a syringe, lower it into the ampoule and capture the required amount of novocaine (lidocaine), and then remove the syringe
- Open the bottle with cefazolin powder, pierce the rubber cap with a needle and carefully, slowly squeeze novocaine or lidocaine into the bottle
- Without touching the syringe, shake the bottle so that everything dissolves, and then draw the required volume of the resulting solution
- And then give an injection with novocaine or lidocaine solution (inject).
Application
- For moderate and mild infectious diseases, the child is given injections of 20-50 mg of medication for each kg of his weight over three or four doses, separated over several days.
- For severe cases - 100 mg.
For an adult:
- For infections of the genitourinary system and infectious diseases of the respiratory tract of moderate severity, the recommended dose for an adult is 0.5 or 1 g of the drug every 12 hours
- Dose for the same respiratory tract infections, but in a severe form - 1-10 mg of antibiotic per day, taken every 8 hours
- For diseases caused by gram-positive pathogenic microflora, take 0.25-0.5 g of the drug every 8 hours
- If, on the contrary, it is gram-negative, then 0.5-1 g of antibiotic every 6-8 hours.
During pregnancy and breastfeeding
As a rule, antibiotics during pregnancy are used only as a necessary measure, when it is no longer possible to do without them. It is worth remembering that in the first trimester they are generally contraindicated, and after this period they can only be prescribed by an experienced doctor, and only after a careful examination of the patient and a conclusion about her state of health. The use of Cefazolin during pregnancy in the form of injections and as an antibiotic does not go beyond this rule.
If treatment with the drug is necessary while breastfeeding, then breastfeeding is completely canceled. Cefazolin quickly passes into breast milk, and therefore feeding may have unpleasant consequences.
Contraindications
The use of Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is prohibited in the following cases:
- If the patient has an allergy or intolerance to substances in the drug
- If the patient is less than one month old; Cefazolin is not contraindicated for children of other ages.
Precautionary measures
If the patient has kidney disease, then Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is taken in small doses prescribed by the doctor in order to prevent the accumulation of the substance. It is not recommended to give antibiotic injections to people who have allergic reactions. But if it is necessary to take this medicine, the doctor may prescribe a course of treatment with antiallergic drugs and only then prescribe the drug to the patient in small doses.
You should also know that after injection, cefazolin very easily penetrates into the periarticular fluid at the site of inflammation and through the protective barriers of the brain, which is why patients experience various side effects.
Interaction with other drugs
If you use the antibiotic Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) together with certain drugs, then various reactions may appear. So, if you simultaneously use an antibiotic and antibacterial drugs of the penicillin group, unpleasant allergic reactions may occur. If you take Probenecid, the withdrawal of cefazolin will slow down.
In addition to all this, it is worth noting that Cefazolin and alcohol are completely incompatible things. Even after using ethyl alcohol contained in some drugs (let alone drinking alcoholic beverages), complications develop that are very similar to the side effects of Disulfiram. Liver disease usually occurs.
Side effects
After using this drug, some of the following side effects may occur:
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Vomit
- Diarrhea, diarrhea
- Glossitis
- Heartburn
- Loss of appetite
- Violation of the functional activity of the kidneys
- Candidiasis.
To learn how to quickly eliminate heartburn, read the article:
Also, some patients feel pain after antibiotic injections and notice a lump at the site of the intramuscular injection, which is actually nothing serious. Various allergic reactions to Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) were also recorded, including: urticaria, anaphylactic shock, vascular pain, skin rashes and itching in various places, feverish conditions, an increase in the volume of eosinophilic leukocytes and Quincke's edema.
Quite rarely, but still there were side effects directly related to the circulatory system - a decrease in the number of platelets, leukocytes, and neutrophils in the blood. This does not cause any particular harm, since such a decrease in the number of cells is reversible and stops immediately after stopping treatment with the drug. The blood then acquires its usual, normal composition.
Overdose
An overdose after improper use of the antibiotic Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is acceptable and is manifested by a number of symptoms, such as:
- Involuntary muscle contractions
- Convulsive syndrome
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Paresthesia
- Sudden heart rhythm disturbances
- Vomit.
Treatment for these symptoms is as follows: firstly, you need to immediately stop giving injections with the medicine, and secondly, if the symptoms bother the patient too much, he needs to start taking medications that can eliminate them. It has been noticed that the body itself contributes to the removal of the antibiotic - in case of an overdose, hemodialysis is accelerated, which contributes to the speedy completion of the entire process. Well, if the case is very severe, then hospitalization occurs and mechanical blood purification is used - dialysis.
Conditions and shelf life
Analogues
Cefazolin Sandoz
Sandoz Gmbh, Germany
Price about 70 rub.
The main difference between Sandoz and regular Cefazolin or Cefazolin-AKOS is that it is made in Germany. In everything else - composition, indications and contraindications, side effects - these injections make no difference. The drug is available in the form of the same white powder, but in a different package. Only its price is higher, which is not the case with its domestic analogue.
Also, according to patient reviews, Cefazolin Sandoz is very painful to administer, so it is recommended to dilute it with novocaine or lidocaine.
Pros:
- Made in Germany
- Available in literally all pharmacies.
Minuses:
- Higher price
- "Painful" injections.
Ceftriaxone
LECCO, Russia
Price about 30 rub.
Ceftriaxone is a drug that is used for the same diseases listed above and is also administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The main difference between Ceftriaxone and Cefazolin is its active substance ceftriaxone, which in its action is in no way different from cefazolin. Ceftriaxone can also be administered and injected into children, adults, and pregnant women with caution. Ceftriaxone also treats inflammatory infections, but not sore throats and colds, and the same side effects may occur when administered. And patients who took Ceftriaxone claim that it is stronger than Cefazolin.
Pros:
- More powerful action.
Minuses:
- Shelf life – 2 years
Cefotaxime
ROMED EXPORTS, India
Price about 30 rub.
Cefotaxime is another drug with the same indications for use. The main difference between Cefotaxime and its analogues is the active ingredient cefotaxime, otherwise it is similar to previous drugs. Also, Cefotaxime should not be injected intramuscularly into children under 2.5 years of age.
Patients responded mostly well to the drug; many were pleased that the treatment was quick and without allergic reactions.
Pros:
- Rapid improvement of the patient's condition
- In most cases, there is no allergic reaction to the drug.
Minuses:
- Shorter shelf life – two years
- During pregnancy and under the age of 2.5 years, Cefotaxime is strictly prohibited.
Sulbactomax
Mili Healthcare Ltd, UK
Price about 270 rub.
Sulbactomax is another analogue of Cefazolin, which is also a powder for dilution. The drug was recently developed and is considered an innovative antibiotic due to the fact that it contains two active ingredients: 1000 mg of ceftriaxone and 500 mg of sulbactam. Thus, thanks to this, it is effective against infections of soft tissues, lower respiratory tract, meningitis and gonorrhea. Available for children. But there is also a bad side to innovation - this is a greater number of possible side effects, including exanthema, shortness of breath, jaundice, etc.
Pros:
- Treats a larger number of diseases (meningitis, gonorrhea, etc.)
- Available for children from infancy.
Minuses:
- More side effects
- Higher price.
Thank you
The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!
Medicine Cefazolin is antibiotic belonging to the first generation of the group cephalosporins. Cefazolin is administered only by injection, since when taken orally (in tablet form), it is destroyed in the gastrointestinal tract, without having time to be absorbed into the blood and have an antibacterial effect. The antibiotic has a wide spectrum of action, so it can be used to treat various infections caused by microbes sensitive to it. Cefazolin is used to treat organs of almost all systems, for example, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, skin, joints, etc.Release forms and name
The antibiotic Cefazolin is available only in the form of a dry powder intended for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration. The powder is packaged in glass bottles and hermetically sealed. In Latin, the name of the drug is written as follows - cefazolin, which is the international name of the antibiotic. Commercial names may differ from international ones, since each pharmaceutical company can produce a drug with the active ingredient cefazolin, but give it a memorable and simple name. For example, the antibiotic cefazolin is produced under the following commercial names - Amzolin, Ancef, Atralcef, Vulmizolin, Zolin, Zolfin, Intrazolin, Ifizol, Kefzol, Lizolin, Natsef, etc. However, there are antibiotics whose name coincides with the international name of the substance, for example, Cefazolin-AKOS, Cefazolin-Sandoz, etc. All of the listed drugs are the same - the antibiotic cefazolin, which is used as a standard, regardless of the name and manufacturer. Only the quality of the drug itself, produced by different pharmaceutical factories, may differ.
Dosage
Today, various pharmaceutical concerns produce Cefazolin in the following dosages:- 250 mg;
- 500 mg;
- 1 g (1000 mg).
Therapeutic effects and spectrum of action of Cefazolin
Cefazolin belongs to the semisynthetic antibiotics from the group of beta-lactams. These antibiotics kill pathogenic bacteria by destroying their cell wall. Cefazolin is capable of destroying many types of microorganisms, therefore it is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Compared to other drugs from the group of first-generation cephalosporins, it is the safest drug because it has minimal toxicity.The main and main therapeutic effect of Cefazolin is the destruction of the pathogenic microorganism that caused the infectious-inflammatory disease. Accordingly, the drug effectively cures infections and inflammations caused by microbes, on which Cefazolin has a detrimental effect.
To date, Cefazolin is effective against the following pathogenic microorganisms:
- Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus);
- Epidermal staphylococcus (Staphylococcus epidermidis);
- Beta-hemolytic streptococci from group A;
- Pyogenic streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes);
- Diplococcus pneumoniae;
- Hemolytic streptococcus (Streptococcus hemolyticus);
- Viridal streptococcus (Streptococcus viridans);
- Escherichia coli;
- Klebsiella spp.;
- Proteus (Proteus mirabilis);
- Enterobacter aerogenes;
- Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae);
- Salmonella (Salmonella spp.);
- Shigella (Shigella disenteriae, etc.);
- Neisseria (Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis);
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae;
- The causative agent of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis);
- Clostridia (Clostridium pertringens);
- Spirochetes (Spirochaetoceae);
- Treponema (Treponema spp.);
- Leptospira spp.
The antibiotic does not act on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses, fungi and protozoan microorganisms (Trichomonas, chlamydia, etc.).
Indications for use
Due to the fact that Cefazolin has a detrimental effect on many pathogenic microorganisms, it is used to treat infections of various organs. Today, the indications for the use of Cefazolin are the following infectious and inflammatory diseases:- acute and chronic bronchitis;
- infected bronchiectasis;
- pneumonia caused by bacteria (not fungi or viruses);
- bronchopneumonia;
- chest infections that developed after surgery (for example, after puncture, etc.);
- pleural empyema;
- lung abscess;
- acute and chronic pyelonephritis;
- cystitis;
- urethritis;
- skin infections;
- carbuncles;
- infected gangrene;
- infection on a wound or burn surface;
- skin or soft tissue infection after surgery;
- eye infection;
- septic arthritis;
- biliary tract infections;
- infection after abortion;
- uterine infection;
- pelvic abscess;
- peritonitis.
Cefazolin injections - instructions for use
Cefazolin is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, after dissolving the required dose of powder in water, lidocaine or novocaine. The dosage and frequency of Cefazolin injections are determined by the severity of the person’s condition and the potential risk of infection. Injections are given in parts of the body where the muscle layer is well developed, for example, in the thigh, shoulder, buttock, etc. Cefazolin can be administered intravenously in the form of injections or droppers.
The powder should be diluted in the dosage required by the person. For example, if you need to administer 0.5 g, then take a bottle with the appropriate dosage of Cefazolin powder. You cannot take a 1g bottle and split it in half to get a 500mg dose. But to get a dose of 1 g, you can take two bottles of 500 mg or four bottles of 250 mg.
Intravenous injections Cefazolin in a dosage of less than 1 g is administered as a slow injection. The solution is injected into a vein over 3 to 5 minutes. If Cefazolin is administered intravenously in a dosage of more than 1 g, then a dropper should be used. In this case, the antibiotic solution is administered for at least 30 minutes.
Antibiotic solutions must be prepared immediately before use. A high-quality solution must be transparent and not contain any impurities, suspended particles, sediment or turbidity. A slight yellowish tint of the finished solution is allowed, which is normal and does not indicate deterioration of the drug. If the resulting solution is not transparent, it cannot be used. It is also not allowed to use a solution prepared in advance. In exceptional cases, it is allowed to store the prepared solution in the refrigerator for no longer than 2 days.
The dosage of Cefazolin is determined by the severity of the pathology. Adults without kidney failure should receive the following antibiotic dosages:
1.
Mild infections caused by cocci (staphylococci, streptococci) require the use of Cefazolin at a dose of 500 mg - 1 g every 12 hours. 500 mg can be administered every 8 hours. The maximum daily dose is 1.5 – 2 g.
2.
Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (urethritis, cystitis, etc.) - Cefazolin is administered 1 g every 12 hours. The daily dose of antibiotic is 2 g.
3.
Pneumonia caused by pneumococci requires the administration of Cefazolin 500 mg every 12 hours. The daily dosage of the antibiotic is 1 g.
4.
Severe or moderate infections require the use of Cefazolin 500 mg - 1 g every 6 - 8 hours. The daily dose is 3 – 4 g.
5.
Life-threatening infections are treated by administering 1 - 1.5 g of Cefazolin every 6 hours. In this case, a person receives 4–6 g of antibiotic per day.
It is possible to increase the dosage of Cefazolin to 12 g per day in case of a person’s serious condition, when there is a question of life and death. Elderly people without renal impairment receive Cefazolin at the usual adult dosage.
To prepare a solution for intramuscular injection, 2–3 ml of sterile water, 0.5% Lidocaine or 2% Novocaine are injected into a bottle with powder. After which the bottle is shaken vigorously until the powder is completely dissolved and a clear liquid is formed.
For intravenous injection, Cefazolin powder is dissolved in sterile water. In this case, at least 10 ml of water is needed to ensure the administration of the drug within 3 to 5 minutes. It is allowed to dilute the antibiotic in at least 4 ml of water per 1 g of powder.
A solution for intravenous infusion (dropper) is prepared using 100 - 150 ml of the main solvent. The following drugs are used as a solvent:
- sterile saline solution;
- 5% or 10% glucose solution;
- glucose solution in saline;
- glucose solution in Ringer's solution;
- 5% or 10% fructose solution in water for injection;
- Ringer's solution;
- 5% sodium bicarbonate solution.
Cefazolin with Novocaine and Cefazolin with Lidocaine - how to dilute?
To dilute Cefazolin powder you will need 2% Novocaine or 0.5% Lidocaine, which are sold in pharmacies in sealed ampoules. You will also need sterile syringes. Method for preparing a solution of Cefazolin on Novocaine or Lidocaine for intramuscular administration: 1. Carefully file and break off the tip of the ampoule with 2% Novocaine solution or 0.5% Lidocaine.
2. Open the sterile syringe, put on the needle and lower it into the ampoule with Novocaine or Lidocaine.
3. You need to draw the amount of Novocaine or Lidocaine into a syringe (2 or 4 ml).
4. Remove the syringe from the ampoule with Novocaine or Lidocaine.
5. Remove the metal cap from the bottle of Cefazolin powder.
6. Pierce the rubber cap of the bottle with Cefazolin with the syringe needle.
7. Carefully squeeze out the entire contents of the syringe into the bottle of powder.
8. Without removing the syringe, shake the bottle until the powder is completely dissolved.
9. Draw the prepared solution into a syringe.
10. Remove the syringe from the rubber stopper and turn it upside down with the needle.
11. Tap the surface of the syringe with your finger in the direction from the piston to the needle so that air bubbles collect at the base.
12. Press the plunger of the syringe to release the air.
13. Give an intramuscular injection.
The amount of Lidocaine or Novocaine is determined by the dosage of Cefazolin. To dilute 500 mg of Cefazolin, you will need 2 ml of Novocaine or Lidocaine solution. And to dilute 1 g of Cefazolin, you need 4 ml of Novocaine or Lidocaine.
Cefazolin injections - instructions for use for children
Cefazolin in infants can only be used if there is an urgent need and the child’s life is at risk. In this case, the antibiotic is used only under the supervision of a doctor.The dosage of Cefazolin in children is determined by the severity of the pathology and the child’s body weight. It is by weight that the daily dose of the antibiotic is calculated, which is divided into 2 to 4 administrations. If the child suffers from renal failure, then the dosage is also affected by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), determined according to the Rehberg test.
Dosages of Cefazolin for children who do not suffer from kidney pathology are as follows:
- For mild and moderate infections, the daily dosage is calculated at the rate of 25–50 mg of antibiotic per 1 kg of child’s weight. The resulting amount is divided into 2 - 4 administrations per day.
- For severe infections, the dosage is calculated at the rate of 100 mg of Cefazolin per 1 kg of child’s weight. The calculated daily dosage is divided into 3 to 4 administrations.
- Newborns and premature infants weighing less than 2 kg receive Cefazolin in a single dose of 20 mg per 1 kg, every 12 hours. That is, the daily dose of antibiotic is 40 mg per 1 kg of body weight.
- For children over 7 days old and weighing more than 2 kg, the daily dose of the drug is determined at the rate of 60 mg per 1 kg of weight.
If a child suffers from renal failure, then the algorithm for determining the dosage of Cefazolin is as follows:
1.
Calculate the dose based on body weight, as for a child who does not suffer from kidney pathology.
2.
Perform the Rehberg test and assess creatinine clearance.
3.
Calculate the dose of Cefazolin that can be administered to the child according to the ratios shown in the table:
However, the first dose of Cefazolin is administered completely to children suffering from renal failure. And then all subsequent ones are reduced to the required amount, depending on creatinine clearance.
Cefazolin injections for children - how to dilute?
For children, Cefazolin injections should be diluted exclusively with solutions of Novocaine or Lidocaine. Moreover, it is better to choose the anesthetic that has the best analgesic effect in this particular child. In most cases, Lidocaine has a more pronounced analgesic effect, so it is recommended to use this particular drug to prepare Cefazolin solution for injections. If possible, you can give the child one injection of Cefazolin with Novocaine, and one with Lidocaine, so that the baby himself can evaluate which solution has the best analgesic effect.Cefazolin powder for intramuscular injections for children is diluted immediately before use. An antibiotic dose of less than 500 mg is diluted in 2 ml of Novocaine or Lidocaine. A dose of more than 500 mg requires 4 ml of Lidocaine or Novocaine. The sequence of actions for diluting Cefazolin is as follows:
1.
Open the ampoule with Lidocaine or Novocaine, dip the tip of the syringe needle into the solution.
2.
Take the required amount of solution - 2 or 4 ml of Novocaine or Lidocaine.
3.
Pierce the cap of the bottle with Cefazolin powder with a needle.
4.
Pour Novocaine or Lidocaine into the bottle and, without removing the needle, vigorously mix the contents to obtain a solution.
5.
Carefully draw the entire contents of the bottle into the syringe.
6.
Remove the syringe from the bottle and give an intramuscular injection.
Use during pregnancy
Cefazolin penetrates the placenta and affects the fetus, so the antibiotic during pregnancy can only be used if there are absolute indications, when there is a threat to the life of the mother. To date, it is not clear exactly what effect Cefazolin has on the fetus, therefore, when deciding whether to use an antibiotic in pregnant women, it is necessary to carefully weigh the possible risk/expected benefit ratio. To date, Cefazolin has only been tested in pregnant rats. Moreover, the drug in large doses did not cause a teratogenic effect, that is, it did not lead to the formation of congenital deformities of the fetus. However, for obvious reasons, such controlled studies have not been conducted in pregnant women.
Cefazolin also passes into breast milk, although there it is detected in small concentrations. However, if it is necessary to use it during breastfeeding, the child should be switched to artificial formula for the duration of treatment.
How to inject the antibiotic Cefazolin?
Cefazolin should be administered intramuscularly only to those parts of the body where a person has a well-developed muscle layer. Usually this is the front and side of the thigh, buttocks, shoulders or abdominals. Since the injection is very painful, and a lump often forms at the injection site, it is recommended to change the injection areas one by one. For example, one injection is placed in the buttock, the second in the thigh, the third in the shoulder, and the fourth in the abdominals. Then they start again with the buttock, and so alternate the injection sites for Cefazolin until the very end of the course of treatment. The intramuscular injection should be done slowly - over at least 3 - 5 minutes, gradually introducing the medicine. The needle should be inserted deep into the muscle so that the medicine does not enter the subcutaneous fatty tissue. After administration of Cefazolin, you should not heat the injection site, as this may lead to the development of aseptic inflammation. When performing Cefazolin injections, the general requirements for performing these medical procedures should be observed:
1.
Treat the injection site with an antiseptic (70% alcohol, etc.).
2.
Use only a sterile syringe with a sterile needle.
3.
Release the air from the syringe with the prepared solution.
4.
Position the needle vertically to the surface of the skin and insert it deep into the muscle.
5.
Slowly press the plunger, injecting the medicine over 3 to 5 minutes.
6.
After injecting the entire solution, remove the needle, holding it by the edge placed on the syringe.
7.
Treat the injection site with an antiseptic.
Many people use intravenous needles for intramuscular injections of Cefazolin (especially for children), trying to reduce pain. However, this cannot be done, since a thin needle for intravenous injections quite often slips out and goes deep into the muscles, remaining there for many years and causing discomfort to the person. Surgeons often encounter similar phenomena when they have to remove syringe needles from buttocks and thighs that broke off and went into the “muscle” several years ago. In addition, the use of a thinner needle does not reduce the pain of Cefazolin administration.
How much to inject Cefazolin?
The duration of use of Cefazolin depends on the severity of the infection and the speed of recovery. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 14 days. Cefazolin injections should not be used for less than 5 or more than 15 days, since in this case there is a high risk of developing types of microorganisms resistant to the antibiotic. These resistant microorganisms can re-cause an infection that will have to be treated again, only with the use of another, even stronger antibiotic. Unfortunately, there is a high risk that the microorganism may be resistant to another antibiotic. In this case, the prognosis for life is unfavorable, since there are very few antibiotics in the world that can cope with resistant microbes. And if they do not help, then you can only count on the immunity of the sick person.That is why the use of antibiotics, including Cefazolin, must be taken responsibly. You should not give up injections as soon as a person feels better, considering the treatment to be completed. At least 5 days of Cefazolin injections must be given, overcoming pain and reluctance. This is especially true for children. After all, a child can “acquire” resistant types of microbes faster and easier than an adult, which will constantly cause infections that are difficult to treat.
Side effects
For the most part, the side effects of Cefazolin concern the gastrointestinal tract, or are limited to hypersensitivity. If a person suffers from hypersensitivity to any other medications, then the risk of developing it to Cefazolin is also high. In addition, hypersensitivity to the antibiotic relatively often develops in people who are prone to allergic reactions, bronchial asthma, urea rash and creatinine in the blood according to laboratory tests. When using large doses of antibiotics, the functional activity of the kidneys may be impaired. In this case, the dosage of Cefazolin is reduced, and further treatment is carried out under constant monitoring of the concentration of urea and creatinine in the blood. Local reactions. The main local reaction is severe pain when the antibiotic is administered. In some cases, a lump may form at the injection site. In rare cases, intravenous administration of an antibiotic can trigger the development of phlebitis.
Other organs and systems. Cefazolin can lead to the development of side effects such as dizziness, a feeling of constriction in the chest, convulsions, dysbacteriosis, the addition of another infection, candidiasis (candidal stomatitis or vaginitis). If candidiasis develops or another infection occurs, it is necessary to decide on the further advisability of using Cefazolin.
Contraindications
If you are allergic to any other antibiotics from the cephalosporin group, Cefazolin is strictly prohibited for use. If a person is allergic to penicillin antibiotics, then Cefazolin is administered carefully, having prepared a kit to combat anaphylactic shock, since there is cross-allergenicity between these two groups of drugs.The antibiotic is also contraindicated for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Cefazolin is not administered to infants under 1 month of age, since there is no scientifically proven data on its safety for newborns.
Analogues
Today, the antibiotic Cefazolin is produced under different names, but all these drugs are synonymous because they contain the same active ingredient. All synonyms of Cefazolin are a powder intended for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration. The following synonyms of Cefazolin are available on the domestic pharmaceutical market: - Amzolin;
- Anceph;
- Atralcef;
- Vulmizoline;
- Zolin;
- Zolfin;
- Intrazolin;
- Ifizol;
- Kefzol;
- Lysolin;
- Natsef;
- Orizolin;
- Orpin;
- Prozoline;
- Reflin;
- Totacef;
- Cesolin;
- Cefazolin-Biochemi;
- Cefazolin-Watham;
- Cefazolin-KMP;
- Cefazolin Nycomed;
- Cefazolin-Sandoz;
- Cefazolin-Teva;
- Cefazolin-Elfa;
- Cefazolin-AKOS;
- Cefazolin-Ferein;
- Cefazolin sodium;
- Cefamezine;
- Cefaprim;
- Cefezol;
- Cefzolin;
- Cefopride.
- Cephalexin granules, capsules, powder and tablets;
- Cephalothin powder;
- Ecocephron capsules.
Instructions for the use of Cefazolin injections describe this medicine as an antibiotic intended for the treatment of various infections and inflammations caused by the activity of pathogenic microorganisms.
Cefazolin - description and principle of action
The antibiotic Cefazolin is a semi-synthetic substance from a large group of first-generation cephalosporins. This drug from the beta-lactam group is considered the least toxic in the line of cephalosporin antibacterial agents. The main component of the medicine is the sodium salt of cefazolin, in the form of white or yellowish-white crystals, easily soluble in water. The therapeutic effect of the antibacterial drug is based on a powerful bactericidal effect on a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms.
The death of bacteria is achieved due to the fact that the active component of the drug penetrates the cytoplasm of the infected cell, interacts with the penicillin-binding protein in the membrane and stops cell synthesis, breaking the bonds with the peptidoglycan chains of the bacterium. This process leads to the death of the pathogenic microorganism.
Good to know
Cefazolin in tablets and injections is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including penicillinase-producing varieties, against beta-hemolytic active streptococci of the first group, and against some gram-negative microorganisms prone to mutations.
But most known indole-positive species of bacteria are resistant to the drug, so it is pointless to treat infections caused by them with Cefazolin. Also, the medicine is not effective against most anaerobic bacteria, tuberculosis pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, protozoan microorganisms, fungi and viruses.
After administration, the drug penetrates very quickly:
- in joint tissue;
- to the cardiovascular system;
- into all organs and tissues of the abdominal cavity;
- to the kidneys, spleen and liver;
- to the urinary organs;
- into the reproductive system and placental tissue;
- into the nodes of the middle ear;
- into pleural and synovial fluids;
- into all tissues and organs of the respiratory tract;
- into the skin layers and so on.
However, the drug is not active throughout the body - in the gastrointestinal tract and esophagus, the active substance is quickly destroyed, but in the gallbladder and in the bile itself, on the contrary, it accumulates.
When administered intravenously, the maximum concentration of the drug is achieved almost instantly, when used intramuscularly - an hour after injection. The medicine is excreted from the body by the kidneys, along with urine. From 70 to 80% is excreted per day.
Release forms
The drug is produced only in the form of a dry powder in glass bottles, from which a solution is prepared for intramuscular or intravenous administration. There is no such form of release as Cefazolin in tablets, since when taken orally, the active substance is very quickly destroyed in the gastrointestinal tract, without having time to be absorbed into the blood and have the necessary antibacterial effect.
Vials are available containing 250 mg, 500 mg and 1 g of sodium salt, packaged in cardboard boxes and, of course, accompanied by a detailed pharmaceutical label, which clearly describes how and with what to dilute Cefazolin.
Indications
Direct indications for treatment with these medications are diseases of the genitourinary system such as:
- urethritis;
- pyelonephritis;
- gonorrhea;
- syphilis.
In addition to these infections, the medicine is used for:
- sepsis and postoperative purulent complications;
- endocarditis;
- peritonitis;
- inflammatory processes in the peritoneum and pelvic organs;
- skin infections after burns;
- with infected gangrene of the limbs;
- for ENT diseases (otitis media, tonsillitis).
In addition, the drug, as numerous reviews from doctors and patients say, is successfully used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections and diseases such as:
- bronchopneumonia;
- emphysema and abscesses in the lungs.
The medicine is also used in the treatment of a number of infectious pathologies of bone tissue and joints, including poliomyelitis and osteomyelitis, septic arthritis. In gynecology, the drug is used for the development of infectious complications after abortion, for salpingitis, pelvic abscesses, and infections affecting the uterus. The antibiotic is used in ophthalmological practice and is prescribed for the treatment of cellulite, erysipelas, carbuncles and other infections of the skin and soft tissues.
The exact indications for the use of a cephalosporin antibiotic are known only to the doctor, who decides on the advisability of using the drug in a particular case. So, a specialist may prescribe Cefazolin for blood poisoning, skin infections, or after heart surgery, for removal of the gallbladder or uterus.
Contraindications
The list of contraindications limiting the use of Cefazolin includes:
- intolerance to cephalosporins;
- insufficiency of kidney function;
- pathological changes in the liver;
- children's age (up to 1 month).
In addition, under no circumstances should Cefazolin be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Relative contraindications, or rather grounds for adjusting the dose or changing the drug, also include side effects that occur during therapy.
Adverse reactions
The use of an antibiotic, especially long-term, can cause adverse reactions from various body systems:
- ulcers in the mouth and lips;
- rapidly progressing stomatitis;
- manifestations of pancreatitis in acute form;
- diarrhea;
- liver dysfunction;
- development of bronchospasm;
- severe swelling of the respiratory tract;
- the appearance of cutaneous toxic necrolysis;
- rashes in the form of urticaria;
- a sharp drop in the level of platelets in the blood;
- leukemia symptoms;
- the occurrence of hemolytic anemia;
- development of symptoms of granulocytopenia;
- the appearance of signs similar to interstitial nephritis;
- hair loss and severe itching in the genital area.
In addition, during the injection itself, severe sweating may begin, accompanied by chills and transition to muscle cramps, an attack of tachycardia, difficulty breathing, until it stops. If at least one of these signs appears, the drug is immediately stopped and the drug is replaced with another drug with a similar therapeutic effect. In addition, intramuscular injection of an antibiotic can be painful and tissue compactions often appear in the injection area.
Instructions for use
Before administration, the sodium salt of cefazolin is dissolved in lidocaine or novocaine and administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The dosage of the drug is determined individually and varies according to the form of the drug - from 250 mg to 1 gram.
From 3 to 4 injections are given per day, taking into account the severity of the disease and the age of the patient. As a rule, the maximum amount of medication received per day by an adult patient does not exceed 3 grams, and the duration of therapy lasts from 5 days to a week, in the absence of complications. In severe, complex cases, the duration of treatment reaches a couple of weeks.
During surgical interventions, 1 gram is administered an hour before surgery and 500 mg three times a day for several days after surgery.
Treatment with the drug is not recommended for children under six months of age, but in the most extreme case, the doctor can prescribe Cefazolin injections for children from 1 month of age at a maximum daily dosage of 20 mg per kilogram of weight. If the child is one year old, then the dose is calculated from the ratio of 50 mg/kg body weight; in severe cases, the dosage is increased to 100 mg per kilogram of body weight.
Although water for injection is the best solvent for sodium salt, it is used very rarely, because in this case the administration of the drug is accompanied by severe pain. The dosage of the drug is always at the discretion of the doctor; if side effects occur, the doctor, as a rule, replaces the drug.
During therapy, the indicated dosages should be adhered to. An overdose of the drug can cause severe headaches, dizziness, and paresthesia. In persons with chronic renal failure, the use of the drug in high doses leads to the development of neurotoxic phenomena - tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions.
How to dilute Cefazolin?
For intramuscular administration, Cefazolin powder can be diluted with sterile water for injection, isotonic solution, lidocine or novocaine. Since the injections are painful, it is preferable to prepare a solution based on local anesthetics.
For intravenous administration using a dropper, the drug is diluted with a solution of dextrose, sodium chloride or Ringer's solution, shaking the bottles vigorously until the powder is completely dissolved. When administered by stream, the solution is poured into the vein very slowly, over 4-5 minutes. With the drip method, the Cefazolin solution is administered over 30 minutes at a rate of 60-80 drops per minute.
During antibiotic treatment, alcohol intake should be avoided, since ethanol provokes the development of disulfiram-like reactions.
Average prices
On average, the price of medicine in pharmacies varies from 30 to 50 rubles per bottle (1g). The maximum price for a bottle in some pharmacies can reach 120 rubles.
Analogues
Analogs of this drug that have a similar effect against the same types of bacteria are:
- Lizolin,
- Cefazolin Sandoz and Cesolin,
- Orizolin,
- Natsef,
- Kefzol.
All analogues of Cefazolin are also available in powder form, from which a solution for injection is prepared.
If the active substance of the drug is intolerant, the doctor must select a replacement from a wide list of antibiotics with another active substance that exhibits a similar therapeutic effect.
Indications for use:Treatment of infectious diseases caused by sensitive gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms:
- pneumonia, lung abscess, pleural empyema;
- peritonitis, septicemia, endocarditis, wound osteomyelitis, burn infections;
- urinary tract infections;
- skin and soft tissue infections;
- infections of the osteoarticular apparatus.
Pharmachologic effect:
Cefazolin has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial (bactericidal) action. Active against gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp., forming and not forming penicillinase, most strains of Streptococcus spp., including pneumococci, Corinebacterium dlphtheriae), gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shiqella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella spp., Haemopnylus influenzae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae). Indole-positive strains of Proteus (P morgani, P.vulgaris, P.rettgeri) are resistant to the antibiotic; it does not affect rickettsiae, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Like penicillins, it inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell walls.
Pharmacokinetics
When administered intramuscularly, the product is rapidly absorbed, reaches its maximum concentration in the blood after 1 hour and is stored in effective concentrations in the blood plasma for 8-12 hours. It is excreted mainly (within 90%) by the kidneys unchanged.
Penetrates through the placental barrier into amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood. Found in very low concentrations in breast milk.
The drug penetrates well through the inflamed synovial membrane and into the joint cavities.
When administered intravenously, a higher concentration in the blood is created, but the product is released faster (half-life - within 2 hours).
Cefazolin route of administration and dosage:
Cefazolin is administered intramuscularly and intravenously (struino or drip). For intramuscular administration, the product solution is prepared ex tempore, the contents of the bottle are diluted in 4-5 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or sterile water for injection and injected deep into the muscle. For intravenous jet administration, a single dose of the product is diluted in 10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution and administered slowly over 3-5 minutes. When administered intravenously, the product (0.5 - 1.0 g) is diluted in 100-250 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution; the injection is carried out over 20-30 minutes (the injection rate is 60-80 drops per 1 minute).
The daily dose of the product for adults is from 1 g to 4 g (sometimes more) and depends on the severity of the infection, the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to the antibiotic.
A single dose of the product for adults for infections caused by gram-positive microorganisms is 0.25-0.5 g after 8 hours.
For moderate respiratory tract infections caused by pneumococci and urinary tract infections, the product is prescribed at a dose of 0.5-1.0 g every 12 hours.
For diseases caused by gram-negative microorganisms, the product is prescribed at 0.5 - 1.0 g every 6-8 hours.
For severe infections (sepsis, endocarditis, peritonitis, destructive pneumonia, acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, complicated urological infections), the daily dose of the product can be increased to 6 g (maximum) with an interval between administrations of 6-8 hours.
For children over 1 month old, the product is prescribed at a daily dose of 20-50 mg/kg body weight (in 3-4 doses), for severe infections - 100 mg/kg (highest dose).
If excretory function is impaired in adults, the treatment regimen is adjusted by reducing the dose of the product and increasing the intervals between administrations. The initial dose of the product, regardless of the degree of renal dysfunction, is 0.5 g.
Recommended doses for the treatment of adults with impaired renal function:
- with blood urea nitrogen 20-34 mg% and creatine clearance 70-40 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 0.25-0.5 g after 12 hours, for severe infection - 0.5-1 .25 g after 12 hours (half-life is 3-5 hours);
With blood urea nitrogen 35-49 mg% and clearance 40-20 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 0.125-0.25 g after 12 hours, for severe infection - 0.25-0.6 g after 12 hours (half-life is 6-12 hours);
With blood urea nitrogen 50-75 mg% and clearance 20-5 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 75-150 mg after 24 hours, for severe infection - 150-400 g after 24 hours (half-life is 15-30 hours);
With a blood urea nitrogen of 75 mg% and a clearance of 5 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 37.5-75 mg after 24 hours, for severe infection - 75-200 mg after 24 hours (half-life is 30- 40 hours).
If kidney function is impaired in children, the usual single dose of Cefazolin is first administered, then subsequent doses of the product are adjusted based on the degree of renal failure. In children with moderate renal impairment (creatine clearance from 70 to 40 ml/min), the daily dose is 60% of the daily dose of the product, which is used for normal renal function, and is divided into 2 administrations; with creatine clearance from 40 to 20 ml/min, the dose of the product is 25% of the norm and is divided into 2 injections; in case of significant impairment of renal function (creatine clearance from 20 to 5 ml/min), the daily dose is 10% of the normal dose with an interval between doses of 24 hours.
Solutions of the Cefazolin product should not be mixed with other antibiotics in the same syringe or in the same infusion solution. The duration of treatment depends on the form and severity of the disease.
Cefazolin contraindications:
Increased susceptibility of the patient to products of the cephalosporin group, pregnancy, is not prescribed to premature infants and children under one month of age.
Cefazolin side effects:
Allergic reactions are possible (inflammation and skin itching, eosinophilia), a transient increase in the level of liver aminotransferases.
In patients with previous impaired renal function, when treated with large doses of the Cefazolin product (6 g), manifestations of nephrotoxicity (increased urine nitrogen and creatine levels in the blood serum) are possible. In these cases, the dose of the product is reduced, and treatment is carried out under the control of the dynamics of these indicators (at least once a week). Gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, symptoms of colitis and others) are also possible. With long-term treatment, dysbacteriosis and superinfection caused by pathogens resistant to its action can develop.
Intramuscular administration can be painful, and phlebitis is possible with intravenous administration.
Pregnancy:
During pregnancy and breastfeeding, use only according to strict indications.
Studies have not revealed any adverse effects of Cefazolin on the fetus.
Overdose:
Parenteral administration in large doses exceeding those recommended may cause dizziness, paresthesia and headache. In case of an overdose of the product or its accumulation in patients with chronic renal failure, neurotoxic phenomena may occur, with high convulsive readiness, generalized clonicotonic convulsions, vomiting and tachycardia. In the event of toxic reactions developing in patients, as well as signs of an overdose of Cefazolin, the removal of the product from the body can be accelerated by hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis will be ineffective in this case.
Use with other medications:
The renal clearance of Cefazolin is reduced while taking probenecid. False-positive results from laboratory tests for sugar in urine may occur if they are performed using Benedict's solution, Fehling's solution or Clinitest tablets. At the same time, Cefazolin does not affect the results of tests for sugar content in urine performed using enzymatic methods. In addition, false-positive results of the direct and indirect Coombs test may occur, for example, in newborns whose mothers were treated with Cefazolin.
The drug should not be used simultaneously with anticoagulants, strong diuretics (furosemide, ethacrynic acid).
Release form:
Powder for preparing a solution for injection, 0.5, 1 or 2 g in vials. 10 bottles in a pack.
Storage conditions:
Store out of reach of children, protected from light at a temperature of 15 to 25°C.
Shelf life – 3 years.
Dispensing conditions from pharmacies are by prescription.
Cefazolin composition:
International and chemical names:
Cefazofin;
(6R,7R)-3-[(5-methyl)-1,3.4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thiomethyl]-8-oxo-7--5-thia-1-azabicyclooct-2-ene-2-carboxylate sodium
Basic physical and chemical properties: white or almost white powder, very hygroscopic.
1 bottle contains sterile cefazolin sodium salt in terms of cefazolin - 0.5, 1 or 2 g.
Additionally:
In patients with reduced renal function, it is necessary to select dosage levels and intervals between administrations of Cefazolin depending on the severity of functional kidney damage. In case of unstable renal function, constant monitoring of Cefazolin levels in the blood serum will ensure the safety of use of the product. If signs of allergic reactions appear, administration of the product should be discontinued and appropriate symptomatic treatment should be prescribed. It is possible to develop cross-allergic reactions with other cephalosporin antibiotics, and also, in some cases, with penicillin antibiotics.
Cefazolin does not affect the ability to drive a car or use other mechanical drugs.
Attention!
Before using the medication "Cefazolin" You should consult your doctor.
The instructions are provided for informational purposes only. Cefazolin».
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