A positive venous pulse is most often detected with tricuspid valve insufficiency, when during systole part of the blood from the right ventricle (RV) is thrown into the right atrium (RA), and from there into large veins, including the veins of the neck. With a positive venous pulse, the pulsation of the veins of the neck coincides with the systole of the ventricles and the pulse of the carotid artery.
The jugular vein delivers unpurified blood to the heart for filtering. It is the proximity of the location of the vein to such an important human organ that prompts us to take seriously any changes in its functioning.
Therefore, if the jugular vein in the neck is dilated, examination and therapy are required after the exact causes of the pathology are established.
Features of the pathology
Phlebectasia, or expansion of the jugular vein, is a violation of the functioning of blood vessels and valves. Vascular valves cease to regulate the flow of venous blood. Blood, in turn, begins to accumulate, forming clots. Their large number causes the process of dysfunction in the work of almost the entire venous network of the body. Normal blood circulation stops, the person becomes ill.
This condition largely depends on the anatomical structure of the veins.
Anatomical structure
Each of the jugular veins is divided into anterior, external and internal and has its own location:
- The internal jugular vein runs from the base of the skull and ends near the subclavian fossa. There she infuses venous blood, which comes from the skull, into a large brachiocephalic vessel.
- The beginning of the external jugular vein is located under the auricle. From this point, it descends down the top of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Having reached its posterior edge, it penetrates into the vessels of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. The outer vessel has many processes and valves.
- The anterior jugular vein is initially located on the outer surface of the maxillohyoid muscle, moves along the sternothyroid muscle and passes near the midline of the neck. It enters the external and subclavian jugular veins, forming an anastomosis.
The anterior jugular vein is very small and forms a pair of vessels in its composition, that is, it is a steam room.
Symptoms
If the jugular veins are at least slightly dilated, then specific signs appear that indicate pathology. They depend on the stage of the disease:
- 1 stage. A slight swelling (enlargement) on the neck, which does not cause discomfort, does not hurt. Determined during visual inspection.
- Stage 2. Drawing pains and the appearance of increased intravenous pressure with rapid movement and sharp turns of the head.
- 3 stage. The pain is sharp, intense, there is hoarseness of voice, shortness of breath.
If the internal jugular vein expands, serious disturbances occur in the work of the circulatory system. This situation requires a thorough diagnosis of the causes of pathology and complex treatment.
Causes
Phlebectasia has no time limits, it occurs both in adults and in children.
Reasons for the expansion of the jugular vein in the neck:
- Injured ribs, cervical region, spine, which provoke stagnation of venous blood.
- Concussion of the brain, osteochondrosis.
- Dysfunction of the cardiovascular system - heart failure, hypertension, ischemia.
- endocrine disorders.
- Sedentary work for a long time.
- Tumors of different ethnogenesis (benign and malignant).
For the occurrence of pathology, time and concomitant factors are needed. Therefore, it is very important to identify it in the early stages, since the disease leads to disruption of the valves.
Predisposing factors
Cervical varicose veins occur in every third inhabitant of the planet. But for the development of pathology, predisposing factors are needed:
- natural lack of development of connective tissue;
- restructuring of the hormonal system;
- spine and back injuries;
- passive lifestyle;
- improper nutrition.
The hormonal factor concerns women to a greater extent. During puberty and pregnancy, there is a threat of swelling of the veins.
Also important factors in the occurrence of phlebectasia are stress and nervous breakdowns. The cervical veins have nerve endings. In the normal state, they form elastic venous vessels. But as soon as a person gets nervous, the pressure in the veins increases and elasticity is lost.
Alcohol, smoking, toxins, excessive physical and mental stress negatively affect the normal circulation of venous blood.
Diagnosis of phlebectasia
If the expansion of the jugular vein has the first stage, then a visual examination by a doctor is quite enough. In the second and third stages of the disease, more serious studies are used.
To make a diagnosis in the event of pain and impaired blood circulation, laboratory tests are used - a complete blood count and instrumental. Instrumental include:
- Ultrasound or computed tomography of the cervical, thoracic and skull.
- diagnostic puncture.
- MRI with contrast agent.
- Doppler ultrasound of the vessels of the neck.
These are the main diagnostic methods that are used to make the final medical conclusion.
In certain situations, it is better to diagnose phlebitis with the help of a tandem of doctors of various specializations (therapist, neurologist, vascular surgeon, cardiologist, endocrinologist, oncologist). This allows you to prescribe a more accurate conservative treatment.
Treatment of pathology
Treatment depends on the expansion of the internal jugular vein on the right or internal on the left, the results of the tests performed, the degree of influence of disorders on the whole body. Often, in the course of one therapeutic complex, not only varicose veins are cured, but also other physiological disorders.
The occurrence of expansion on the right does not pose a particular threat to the patient. Pathology on the left side is much more dangerous. This is due to the impossibility of a thorough diagnosis due to the risk of damage to the lymphatic system.
The therapeutic course of drugs relieves inflammation, removes swelling, strengthens blood vessels. With prolonged administration of the drug, the installation of a venous catheter is practiced.
In the third stage of the disease, surgical intervention is indispensable. Surgically, the affected parts of the vein are removed, and the healthy ones are connected into one vessel.
Possible complications and their prevention
In order to avoid complications when the jugular vein appears on the neck, early diagnosis and serious treatment are necessary. If the process enters the phase of uncontrollability, there is a threat of rupture of the affected area and death.
The development of the disease is influenced by the patient's lifestyle, heredity and the above reasons. Only a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition leads to the fact that not very polluted blood enters the brain.
Phlebectasia in children
The expansion of the veins occurs at any age. But it is more dangerous for children. Most often, phlebectasia in a child is detected at birth, but there are frequent cases of the appearance of pathology at the age of 3–5 years.
The main symptomatic indicators: tumor formation, dilated blood vessels, fever.
The treatment uses approaches used for the recovery of adults. The only difference is that most often phlebectasia in children is treated by surgical intervention.
Thrombosis of the jugular vein in the neck
Thrombosis, or the appearance of a blood clot inside the vessel, is formed mainly in the presence of chronic diseases in the body. If a blood clot has appeared in the vessel, there is a danger of its separation and blocking of vital arteries.
In this case, the doctor suggests taking anticoagulants - heparin and fibrinolysin. To relieve inflammation, relax muscles and thin the blood, and, consequently, to dissolve a blood clot, the administration of nicotinic acid, antispasmodics, and venotonics is prescribed. The operation is rarely used.
Contraindications and prevention
People suffering from pathology and having a hereditary predisposition to it are contraindicated:
- sedentary work and vice versa - excessive physical activity;
- frequent stressful situations;
- bad habits;
- ignoring chronic diseases;
- the use of fatty, spicy, smoked foods, canned food, sweet carbonated drinks.
In order to avoid phlebectasia of the jugular vein, it is advisable to take preventive measures. The main preventive measures are:
- regular medical examination;
- avoidance of stressful situations and physical activity;
- timely removal of a small expansion with the help of special ointments;
- treatment of chronic diseases;
- healthy lifestyle.
Do you want to get rid of varicose veins in the first year with the help of materials from our experts?
Phlebectasia or enlargement of the jugular vein in the neck
So that the veins do not burst and a blood clot does not get into the heart
Make it a rule to smear your legs with ordinary ...
Diseases of the cardiovascular system are in the first place among the pathologies of the body in the population of the entire globe. Not the last place among these pathologies is the expansion of the jugular vein in the neck. By determining the cause of the disease, you can correct its development, avoid unpleasant symptoms and consequences that may occur if left untreated. In order to correctly determine the cause of the disease, it is necessary not only to consult a doctor, but also to correctly determine the condition and possible consequences.
Features of the disease
The expansion of the jugular vein is called phlebectasia. Such conditions can occur as a result of a malfunction of the valves located throughout the vein. For many reasons, the valves can no longer regulate the flow of venous blood; it accumulates in large quantities in the vessel, stretching its walls and incapacitating more and more valves.
Another important factor is the discharge of blood from the veins deep under the muscles into the superficial veins. Such a non-physiological redistribution of blood, due to a number of reasons, causes dysfunction in the work of the entire venous network, which also leads to vasodilation.
The jugular vein consists of several branches - a pair of internal vessels, external and anterior. These vessels perform an important function in the work of the body - they carry blood away from the brain and cervical region. It is the proximity to the brain that makes one take any pathological manifestations of the jugular vein seriously.
Causes
It should be noted that phlebectasia does not depend on the age of the patient; it can equally occur in both an adult and a child.
Reasons for the expansion of the jugular vein:
- neck injuries, craniocerebral injuries, bruises of the head and cervical region, concussions;
- spinal and back injuries, rib fractures leading to general venous congestion;
- prolonged forced, uncomfortable posture, sedentary work without a break;
- vascular diseases, heart failure, heart defects, coronary and hypertension diseases;
- benign and malignant tumors of internal organs, blood cancer;
- diseases of the spine and back muscles, in which the patient takes a forced posture to alleviate the condition, for example, osteochondrosis;
- endocrine diseases.
Often, with the development of the expansion of the jugular vein, there are several factors that cause the disease.
Carrying out diagnostics
To identify and make a final diagnosis, a specialist will need the results of several laboratory and instrumental studies:
- duplex scanning of cervical vessels;
- duplex transcranial scanning;
- multispiral computed tomography (MS CT) of the cervical and thoracic regions;
- magnetic resonance imaging with the use of contrast agents;
- computed tomography of the skull;
- ultrasound examination of the neck and chest;
- phlebography;
- diagnostic puncture;
- general blood analysis.
These are the main diagnostic methods that are used to make a final diagnosis. At the same time, the doctor can prescribe only some of them to obtain a complete information picture of the disease.
However, to identify the exact causes of the disease, it may be necessary to consult narrow specialists who will help determine the main factor in the occurrence of jugular vein phlebectasia. These specialists include a neurologist, endocrinologist, oncologist.
Symptoms of the disease
Like any other varicose veins, jugular vein phlebectasia initially occurs without any obvious symptoms. If the impact factor is insignificant, then the disease can develop for years, leaving no traces on the body.
The first signs are a visual enlargement of the vessel on the neck, while the upper vessels form a kind of blue sac, and the lower ones - a clear swelling, resembling a spindle in shape. At the same time, there is no obvious discomfort for the patient, there is no pain or other subjective signs of the disease.
In the future, a feeling of pressure may develop at the site of expansion of the jugular vein, especially when bending over, screaming, or jerking the head.
In advanced cases, pain in the neck appears, the voice becomes hoarse, and breathing may be difficult.
The last two cases require immediate treatment, since the development of such symptoms adversely affects the general condition of the body.
Treatment Methods
Once the diagnosis is made and it is recognized that the jugular vein is dilated, it is time to decide on treatment procedures.
Treatment, first of all, depends on the degree of the disease, on how much the vessel is dilated and its effect on the surrounding tissues and the general condition of the body. If there is no reason to fear for the normal physiological state of the patient, then active treatment is not undertaken. The work of specialists is reduced to monitoring the state of the vein, the dynamics of its expansion and the impact on the surrounding organs and tissues.
If the dynamics is fast or the expansion of the jugular vein already has a negative effect on the body, a decision is made on the surgical treatment of the disease. It all comes down to removing the affected area of the vein and connecting healthy areas into one vessel. Also read about vascular surgery for varicose veins
Complications and their prevention
Complications in such conditions are rare. Basically, this is a threat of rupture of the affected and weakened part of the vein and subsequent heavy bleeding. This condition is fatal in most cases.
To avoid such a scenario, jugular vein dilatation should be treated whenever possible. If the doctor suggests or even insists on an early surgical intervention, it should be carried out.
Preventive measures
The main preventive measures are:
- avoidance of stress on the body as a whole and on the neck in particular, if there is a predisposition or initial signs of expansion of the jugular vein;
- timely cure for diseases that provoke varicose veins;
- regular scheduled examinations for early detection of the disease;
- healthy lifestyle, moderate exercise, proper nutrition.
The main emphasis should be placed on people who are predisposed to the expansion of the jugular vein on a hereditary basis.
It must be remembered that vein diseases are difficult to prevent, but you can easily stop and get rid of them in the initial stages of development. That is why regular check-ups with a doctor will help to avoid problems in the future.
Are you one of those millions of women who struggle with varicose veins?
Have all your attempts to cure varicose veins failed?
And have you already thought about drastic measures? It is understandable, because healthy legs are an indicator of health and a reason for pride. In addition, this is at least the longevity of a person. And the fact that a person who is protected from vein diseases looks younger is an axiom that does not require proof.
The presented materials are general information and cannot replace the advice of a doctor.
He has tension: when he goes crazy or screams in hysterics, veins stand out on the neck on both sides. Not much, but they stand out. When talking, or in a calm state, it is not visible. I did not observe asymmetry either, there are no bumps, nodules, etc. I read about various pathologies of the veins and something got worried. At 1 year old, they did a doppler of the vessels, everything was fine there. Ultrasound of the heart is normal. What are these veins? why stand out? Thanks, I'm waiting for an answer.
Answer
- License 12.03.2018
- Blue dot on the leg 03/02/2018
- Deciphering the results of ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities 03/01/2018
- Phleboangiodysplasia 27.02.2018
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- Angiodysplasia 26.02.2018
- vein swollen 02/25/2018
- An injection into the inguinal artery with methadone. 02/25/2018
- Vein removal surgery 21.02.2018
- Varicose veins 17.02.2018
- Price question. 02/11/2018
- (Thrombo)phlebitis of the pelvic region 10.02.2018
- Veins after chemotherapy 08.02.2018
- Vasoconstriction, uneven course of PA 03.02.2018
- Please explain what is the difference! 02.02.2018
- Bruises on the legs after strength training 01/29/2018
- Bumps in the veins on the arm 01/18/2018
- Reticular varicose 18.01.2018
- (no name) 01/15/2018
- Numbness of the lower leg (from the front) after laser surgery on the veins 01/15/2018
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Swollen Neck Veins in Adults and Children: Causes
Causes of swelling of the cervical veins in children and adults
Pulsation and swelling of the jugular veins are typical symptoms of increased central venous pressure. In a healthy person, this phenomenon is quite likely; it can be observed in the neck area four centimeters from the angle of the sternum. In this case, the patient must lie on the bed, the head of which is raised at an angle of 45 degrees. This position of the body provides pressure in the right atrium of ten centimeters of the water column. Pulsation in the neck veins should disappear when the body is moved to a vertical position.
An increase in venous pressure is characteristic of right heart failure. In such a situation, pulsation can be felt in the angle of the lower jaw. In some cases, venous pressure rises so much that the veins can swell under the tongue and on the back of the hands.
Stagnation of blood in the systemic circulation leads to the fact that the veins in the neck can expand and swell. A similar pulsation occurs when blood returns to the right atrium from the right ventricle.
Signs and symptoms
The main signs of pulsation and swelling of the jugular veins include:
- Swelling in the neck area.
- Slow visible pulsation and swelling of the cervical veins to the angle of the lower jaw, and in some cases - in the sublingual region.
- Kussmaul's symptom - swelling of the veins with a sigh.
- Pressure on the right hypochondrium causes swelling of the veins of the neck.
- Edema in the neck area.
- On the anterior chest wall, a visible pulsation of the heart can be observed.
Causes of the disease
The swelling of the veins in the neck can be unilateral and bilateral. The reasons are as follows:
- unilateral - large goiter; on the left side - an aortic aneurysm compresses the left brachiocephalic vein.
- bilateral - accumulation of fluid in the heart bag; right heart failure; venous pulse; constructive pericarditis; violation of the patency of blood in the superior vena cava; enlarged lymph nodes in the upper mediastinum; lung tumor; thrombophlebitis of the upper vena cava; fibrosis mediastinal; stenosis; pulmonary hypertension; tension pneumothorax.
Most often, swelling of the veins in the neck is caused by the following pathological conditions:
- heart failure;
- acquired and congenital heart defects;
- reflux hepatojugular;
- cardiac tamponade;
- tumor in the mediastinal region;
- arrhythmia.
- Swelling of the veins in the neck in children
A swollen vein in a child’s neck is most often a normal reaction, like in any person, to any emotional stress, crying, coughing, resulting in a change in pressure. Vessels with obstructed blood flow tend to increase in size. Under the thin skin of children, the vessels are better visible and the increase is noticeably much better than in adults. Nevertheless, if the veins are swollen, you need to contact a surgeon and a cardiologist, do a dollerography of the vessels of the head and neck.
This phenomenon should not cause discomfort and pain in babies. Over time, when the children grow up, most likely the situation will change and the vein will no longer be so noticeable.
Diagnostics
To make a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct objective and subjective examinations. First of all, the renal-jugular outflow is examined in order to remove the obstruction that causes swelling of the veins. Among the additional research methods: chest x-ray; echocardiography; Ultrasound of the neck and blood test for thyroid hormones; bronchoscopy; computed tomography of the chest; Ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities.
Who to contact
If there is a pulsation and swelling of the veins of the neck, it is necessary to visit a cardiologist, a therapist. Next, you may need to consult a cardiac surgeon, pulmonologist, rheumatologist, oncologist, endocrinologist.
When a child roars, the veins in the neck tighten.
seem very swollen
At both sides. They just look so big. My daughter is not plump, rather thin, maybe because of this.
In the normal state, nothing is palpable.
I understand that I'm paranoid, but when it comes to a child, I get worried.
Tell me, maybe it happens to someone with babies, or maybe you need to go to some doctor.
Should I go to a therapist?
Should I go to a therapist?
thank you flow*
thank you flow*
otherwise, stupidly, I read all sorts of nonsense on all sorts of sites, and I myself swore at the girl in the TD because she was looking for terrible diseases in herself
Our wreaths are also tense and on one side there are some kind of pimples. We are 1 year and 7 months old. I am also very worried about this.
but I didn’t know that my daughter’s throat hurts, she doesn’t tell me yet, it’s good that I’ll take it in time and cure
the doctor prescribed splashing aquamaris for the throat, but I somehow doubt it, maybe someone else will advise?
and how long have you been like this? we have been here for a long time, all the time, as I see, I begin to worry
but the doctor said that babies have such a neck - wreaths, arteries, vessels
we went to the GP today
she smiled and said that these were wreaths
but it turned out that our neck was red and the submandibular lymph nodes were slightly enlarged, well, we still have molars there
but I didn’t know that my daughter’s throat hurts, she doesn’t tell me yet, it’s good that I’ll take it in time and cure it.
I noticed somewhere in 1.5 years. Maybe because of thinness. He is a slender boy, so probably all the wreaths are visible.
We used something like aquamaris (also based on sea water), I don’t remember the name, it helped us. There doesn't seem to be anything wrong with it.
veins tighten when she cries hard.
the doctor prescribed splashing aquamaris for the throat
aquamaris for the throat. smile:oh, it's kind of for the nose! Although, probably, one garbage is an ear-throat, I'm not a doctor, so I won't say anything. But it looks like they puff him in the nose.
we did not buy, tantum verde helped us
Why does the jugular vein in the neck increase?
Jugular vein - blood veins that are responsible for the process of blood circulation from the brain to the cervical region. In certain parts of the brain, the blood absorbs carbon dioxide and various toxic substances. The jugular vein delivers unpurified blood to the heart for filtering. It is the proximity of the location of the vein to such an important human organ that prompts us to take seriously any changes in its functioning.
Therefore, if the jugular vein in the neck is dilated, examination and therapy are required after the exact causes of the pathology are established.
Features of the pathology
Phlebectasia, or expansion of the jugular vein, is a violation of the functioning of blood vessels and valves. Vascular valves cease to regulate the flow of venous blood. Blood, in turn, begins to accumulate, forming clots. Their large number causes the process of dysfunction in the work of almost the entire venous network of the body. Normal blood circulation stops, the person becomes ill.
This condition largely depends on the anatomical structure of the veins.
Anatomical structure
Each of the jugular veins is divided into anterior, external and internal and has its own location:
- The internal jugular vein runs from the base of the skull and ends near the subclavian fossa. There she infuses venous blood, which comes from the skull, into a large brachiocephalic vessel.
- The beginning of the external jugular vein is located under the auricle. From this point, it descends down the top of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Having reached its posterior edge, it penetrates into the vessels of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. The outer vessel has many processes and valves.
- The anterior jugular vein is initially located on the outer surface of the maxillohyoid muscle, moves along the sternothyroid muscle and passes near the midline of the neck. It enters the external and subclavian jugular veins, forming an anastomosis.
The anterior jugular vein is very small and forms a pair of vessels in its composition, that is, it is a steam room.
Symptoms
If the jugular veins are at least slightly dilated, then specific signs appear that indicate pathology. They depend on the stage of the disease:
- 1 stage. A slight swelling (enlargement) on the neck, which does not cause discomfort, does not hurt. Determined during visual inspection.
- Stage 2. Drawing pains and the appearance of increased intravenous pressure with rapid movement and sharp turns of the head.
- 3 stage. The pain is sharp, intense, there is hoarseness of voice, shortness of breath.
If the internal jugular vein expands, serious disturbances occur in the work of the circulatory system. This situation requires a thorough diagnosis of the causes of pathology and complex treatment.
Causes
Phlebectasia has no time limits, it occurs both in adults and in children.
Reasons for the expansion of the jugular vein in the neck:
- Injured ribs, cervical region, spine, which provoke stagnation of venous blood.
- Concussion of the brain, osteochondrosis.
- Dysfunction of the cardiovascular system - heart failure, hypertension, ischemia.
- endocrine disorders.
- Sedentary work for a long time.
- Tumors of different ethnogenesis (benign and malignant).
For the occurrence of pathology, time and concomitant factors are needed. Therefore, it is very important to identify it in the early stages, since the disease leads to disruption of the valves.
Predisposing factors
Cervical varicose veins occur in every third inhabitant of the planet. But for the development of pathology, predisposing factors are needed:
- natural lack of development of connective tissue;
- restructuring of the hormonal system;
- spine and back injuries;
- passive lifestyle;
- improper nutrition.
The hormonal factor concerns women to a greater extent. During puberty and pregnancy, there is a threat of swelling of the veins.
Also important factors in the occurrence of phlebectasia are stress and nervous breakdowns. The cervical veins have nerve endings. In the normal state, they form elastic venous vessels. But as soon as a person gets nervous, the pressure in the veins increases and elasticity is lost.
Alcohol, smoking, toxins, excessive physical and mental stress negatively affect the normal circulation of venous blood.
Diagnosis of phlebectasia
If the expansion of the jugular vein has the first stage, then a visual examination by a doctor is quite enough. In the second and third stages of the disease, more serious studies are used.
To make a diagnosis in the event of pain and impaired blood circulation, laboratory tests are used - a complete blood count and instrumental. Instrumental include:
- Ultrasound or computed tomography of the cervical, thoracic and skull.
- diagnostic puncture.
- MRI with contrast agent.
- Doppler ultrasound of the vessels of the neck.
These are the main diagnostic methods that are used to make the final medical conclusion.
In certain situations, it is better to diagnose phlebitis with the help of a tandem of doctors of various specializations (therapist, neurologist, vascular surgeon, cardiologist, endocrinologist, oncologist). This allows you to prescribe a more accurate conservative treatment.
Treatment of pathology
Treatment depends on the expansion of the internal jugular vein on the right or internal on the left, the results of the tests performed, the degree of influence of disorders on the whole body. Often, in the course of one therapeutic complex, not only varicose veins are cured, but also other physiological disorders.
The occurrence of expansion on the right does not pose a particular threat to the patient. Pathology on the left side is much more dangerous. This is due to the impossibility of a thorough diagnosis due to the risk of damage to the lymphatic system.
The therapeutic course of drugs relieves inflammation, removes swelling, strengthens blood vessels. With prolonged administration of the drug, the installation of a venous catheter is practiced.
In the third stage of the disease, surgical intervention is indispensable. Surgically, the affected parts of the vein are removed, and the healthy ones are connected into one vessel.
Possible complications and their prevention
In order to avoid complications when the jugular vein appears on the neck, early diagnosis and serious treatment are necessary. If the process enters the phase of uncontrollability, there is a threat of rupture of the affected area and death.
The development of the disease is influenced by the patient's lifestyle, heredity and the above reasons. Only a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition leads to the fact that not very polluted blood enters the brain.
Phlebectasia in children
The expansion of the veins occurs at any age. But it is more dangerous for children. Most often, phlebectasia in a child is detected at birth, but there are frequent cases of the appearance of pathology at the age of 3–5 years.
The main symptomatic indicators: tumor formation, dilated blood vessels, fever.
The treatment uses approaches used for the recovery of adults. The only difference is that most often phlebectasia in children is treated by surgical intervention.
Thrombosis of the jugular vein in the neck
Thrombosis, or the appearance of a blood clot inside the vessel, is formed mainly in the presence of chronic diseases in the body. If a blood clot has appeared in the vessel, there is a danger of its separation and blocking of vital arteries.
In this case, the doctor suggests taking anticoagulants - heparin and fibrinolysin. To relieve inflammation, relax muscles and thin the blood, and, consequently, to dissolve a blood clot, the administration of nicotinic acid, antispasmodics, and venotonics is prescribed. The operation is rarely used.
Contraindications and prevention
People suffering from pathology and having a hereditary predisposition to it are contraindicated:
- sedentary work and vice versa - excessive physical activity;
- frequent stressful situations;
- bad habits;
- ignoring chronic diseases;
- the use of fatty, spicy, smoked foods, canned food, sweet carbonated drinks.
In order to avoid phlebectasia of the jugular vein, it is advisable to take preventive measures. The main preventive measures are:
- regular medical examination;
- avoidance of stressful situations and physical activity;
- timely removal of a small expansion with the help of special ointments;
- treatment of chronic diseases;
- healthy lifestyle.
Do you want to get rid of varicose veins in the first year with the help of materials from our experts?
Swollen veins on the child's neck..lymphadenitis? I'm in a panic
And today I was talking with my mother-in-law and she directly laid me down - that this is a serious disease and urgently needs to be treated ... I am in shock and panic, because it’s real, this is not the norm ... and I don’t know which doctor to run to, what to do.
Please advise, everything falls out of hand ... All exhausted
Mobile application "Happy Mama" 4.7 Communicating in the application is much more convenient!
We also had swollen, now I read that it was lymphadenitis, our doctor didn’t say anything at all, we really got sick a lot in April, now everything seems to be gone, maybe you will subside.
This is the first time I've heard of this =(
lymphadenitis - purulent / serous inflammation of the lymph node. And what about the veins? Lymphadenitis is a serious disease if it is not a symptom of any infectious disease (tonsillitis, infectious mononucleosis, scarlet fever, etc.). If there is no clear connection with an acute infection, then there will still be pain, swelling in the area of the lymph node (large !!), fever, hyperemia of the skin over this lymph node.
A slight increase in lymph nodes after a disease - lymphadenopathy. It is not dangerous at all and is not a contraindication to vaccinations.
Yes, for clarity. Submandibular and cervical lymphadenitis
these are completely different things, veins swell or a swollen lymph node!
we have a bump on the neck for a month - this is a lymph node, we passed all the tests. told to watch.
such a doctor means ... one name
we also have a wreath on the neck that swells with a roar! like a knot, is it the same with you?
Did you go to the doctor? what did it turn out to be?
thank you, reassured us 🙂 We have just three teeth climbing at the same time.
Mom won't let go
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Swelling and pulsation of the neck veins
Swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins is a characteristic symptom of increased central venous pressure. Normally, in a healthy person, a pulsation of the cervical veins is acceptable, which can be observed in the neck four centimeters above the angle of the sternum. In this case, a person should lie on a bed with its headboard raised at an angle of forty-five degrees. It is with this position of the body that the pressure in the right atrium of the heart corresponds to ten centimeters of the water column. When changing the position of the body to the vertical, the pulsation of the cervical veins should disappear.
Causes and factors of occurrence
The main cause of swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins is right ventricular heart failure with congestion of venous blood in the systemic circulation. At the same time, stagnation in the veins of the neck is manifested by their expansion, swelling and visible systolic pulsation (positive venous pulse). This pulsation occurs as a result of the return (regurgitation) of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
The pulsation of the cervical veins differs from the pulsation of the carotid arteries in a smaller amplitude, the absence of its sensation during palpation. Also, a distinctive feature is the dissonance between the pulsation in the radial artery and the pulsation of the veins in the neck: the pulse is usually weak on the radial artery, while the venous pulse wave is clearly and clearly visible on the neck.
Increased pulsation of the cervical veins and their swelling can be traced in healthy people during stressful situations, neuroses, and excessive physical exertion.
Classification and signs
Signs of swelling and pulsation of the jugular veins are:
- visible slow pulsation and swelling of the veins of the neck up to the angle of the lower jaw and even in the sublingual region;
- in especially severe cases, swollen and dilated veins can also be found on the back of the hands;
- swelling of the veins of the neck during inspiration (Kusmaul symptom);
- swelling of the veins of the neck with pressure on the region of the right hypochondrium;
- swelling in the neck;
- visible pulsation of the heart in the region of the anterior chest wall, epigastrium, liver.
What diseases occurs
Swelling and pulsation of the cervical veins can occur in the following pathological conditions:
- congenital and acquired heart and vascular defects (tricuspid valve insufficiency, aortic valve insufficiency);
- heart failure;
- pericarditis (constrictive, exudative);
- cardiac tamponade;
- hepatojugular reflux;
- severe emphysema;
- pneumothorax;
- compression of the superior vena cava by a tumor or a pathologically altered neighboring organ;
- neoplastic process (tumors) in the mediastinum;
- aneurysm or severe atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta;
- retrosternal goiter;
- thrombosis of large venous trunks;
- arrhythmias (complete transverse heart block, heart rhythm from the atrioventricular node with the occurrence of simultaneous contraction of the ventricles and atria).
Which doctors should be contacted
With the appearance of swelling and pulsation of the veins of the neck, it is necessary to consult a general practitioner, a cardiologist. In the future, you may need to consult a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, pulmonologist, oncologist, cardiac surgeon.
Select the symptoms that bother you, answer the questions. Find out how serious your problem is and whether you need to see a doctor.
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Visible vein in the child's neck
My daughter is now 10.5 months old. At about 7.5 months, she began to get up in the crib, at first she stood naturally, not firmly, some falls ended in hitting her head against the side, nothing serious, half a minute of crying, distracted, forgotten. but there were two stronger blows, the left and right "corners" of the forehead against the inner corners of the crib. They are pretty sharp. There were no signs of a concussion or anything bad, the force of the blows, after all, was not so great. But a short time after one of the blows, I noticed in her just in the "corner" of her forehead a vein that had not been visible before. It expanded and continues to expand periodically, sometimes visible for a long time, sometimes not visible at all. I do not see a certain periodicity or unambiguous connection with crying or physical activity. Sometimes during crying it is visible strongly, sometimes a little bit. Now she is sleeping, so in a dream she is now even more visible than when she ran during the day. In relatively hot pursuit, I asked the cardiologist about it. She said that there should be no connection with the stroke, asked about ICP and advised me to contact a vascular surgeon. As I understand it, we simply don’t have such a narrow specialist in our city (namely, for children). Time passed, I got used to the fact that the forehead now looks like this, somehow I forgot this one behind other sores. And today her husband, who does not sit with her very often, looked and said that this vein frightens him. That he believes that her daughter damaged her venous valve and this is fraught with the fact that the vessel will eventually cease to function. He referred to his problems with varicose veins of the leg veins, which he had after strong physical. loads. I understand that it would be necessary to show a vascular surgeon, but we don’t have such a thing. And if not for him, then who is better, another cardiologist or just a surgeon who looks at the navel-joints? Or a neurologist? But I’m generally afraid of them, my daughter has a slight expansion of the MPS and subarachnoid space in the NSG - by 2 mm, without dynamics, I’m afraid that they will prescribe diacarb-asparks, they have already tried. I looked on the Internet for something similar - they write, a cosmetic defect. But I'm afraid that suddenly my husband is right and I'll miss something serious. How to be?
Why be afraid? Their business is to appoint - your right not to give
Nodules in the vein
And don't look for flaws.
The structure of the veins is such that when filled with blood, they look knotty in young children. In short, the valves of the veins are already dense, and the walls are still thin.
Vascular network on the face
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Subcutaneous adipose tissue
When examining subcutaneous adipose tissue, attention is paid to the degree of development, the places of the greatest deposition of fat and the presence of edema.
Obesity - excessive development of subcutaneous adipose tissue, which leads to an increase in body weight. The degree of development of subcutaneous adipose tissue is currently accepted to be assessed by calculating the so-called body mass index (BMI), which is defined as the quotient of dividing body weight (in kilograms) by body surface area (in m2), which is determined by special formulas or nomograms. In table. 1 shows the classification of overweight and obesity, depending on the value of BMI.
Table 1. Classification of overweight and obesity depending on the value of BMI (WHO, 1998)
As BMI increases, the risk of developing severe diseases of the cardiovascular system, complications and death increases. The highest risk is observed in the abdominal type of obesity, to identify which the ratio of the waist circumference to the circumference of both hips is read. Normally, this ratio is 1.0 for men and 0.85 for women.
Edema can occur with various diseases of the internal organs. The severity of the edematous syndrome can be different: from slight pastosity of the subcutaneous tissue to anasarca with severe edema and accumulation of fluid in the serous cavities (ascites, hydrothorax, etc.). It should be remembered that in the body of an adult, up to 3-5 liters of fluid can be retained without the appearance of edema visible to the eye and palpable edema ("hidden edema").
Methods for detecting edema:
Palpation method - pressing with your thumb on the skin and subcutaneous tissue in the ankles, legs, sacrum, sternum, where dimples remain in the presence of edema;
Monitoring the dynamics of body weight;
Measurement of the amount of fluid drunk and urine excreted (diuresis).
The last two methods are most suitable for establishing latent edema.
Swelling of the neck veins
This is an important sign of stagnation of blood in the venous bed of the systemic circulation and an increase in central venous pressure (CVP). An approximate idea of its value can be made when examining the veins of the neck. In healthy individuals in the supine position with a slightly elevated head (approximately at an angle of 45 °), the superficial veins of the neck are not visible or are filled only within the lower third of the cervical region of the vein approximately to the level of a horizontal line drawn through the handle of the sternum at the height of the angle of Louis ( II rib). When lifting the head and shoulders, the filling of the veins decreases and disappears in an upright position. With stagnation of venous blood in the systemic circulation, the filling of the veins is significantly higher than the level of the Louis angle, remaining when the head and shoulders are raised and even in a vertical position.
A positive venous pulse is most often detected with tricuspid valve insufficiency, when during systole part of the blood from the right ventricle (RV) is thrown into the right atrium (RA), and from there into large veins, including the veins of the neck. With a positive venous pulse, the pulsation of the veins of the neck coincides with the systole of the ventricles and the pulse of the carotid artery.
Abdominal-jugular (or hepato-jugular) reflux
Its presence indicates an increased CVP. The abdominal-jugular test is carried out with calm breathing by briefly (within 10 s) pressing with the palm of the hand on the anterior abdominal wall in the umbilical region. Pressure on the anterior abdominal wall and an increase in venous blood flow to the heart in a normal condition with sufficient contractility of the pancreas is not accompanied by swelling of the jugular veins and an increase in CVP. Only a small (no more than 3-4 cm of water column) and a short (the first 5 seconds of pressure) increase in venous pressure is possible. In patients with biventricular (or right ventricular) CHF, a decrease in the pumping function of the pancreas and stagnation in the veins of the systemic circulation, when performing the test, swelling of the neck veins increases and the CVP increases by at least 4 cm of water. Positive test results indicate the presence of stagnation in the veins of the systemic circulation due to right ventricular failure. A negative test result rules out heart failure as the cause of the edema.
Thus, the appearance of patients with biventricular (left and right ventricular) CHF is very characteristic. They usually assume an orthopnea position with their legs down. They are characterized by pronounced edema of the lower extremities, acrocyanosis, swelling of the jugular veins, a noticeable increase in the volume of the abdomen due to ascites, and sometimes swelling of the scrotum and penis in men. The face of patients with right ventricular and total heart failure is puffy, the skin is yellowish-pale with severe cyanosis of the sub, tip of the nose, ears, the mouth is half-open, the eyes are dull (Corvisar's face).
A.V. Strutynsky
Complaints, history, physical examination
Pulsation and swelling of the jugular veins are typical symptoms of increased central venous pressure. In a healthy person, this phenomenon is quite likely; it can be observed in the neck area four centimeters from the angle of the sternum. In this case, the patient must lie on the bed, the head of which is raised at an angle of 45 degrees. This position of the body provides pressure in the right atrium of ten centimeters of the water column. Pulsation in the neck veins should disappear when the body is moved to a vertical position.
An increase in venous pressure is characteristic of right heart failure. In such a situation, pulsation can be felt in the angle of the lower jaw. In some cases, venous pressure rises so much that the veins can swell under the tongue and on the back of the hands.
Stagnation of blood in the systemic circulation leads to the fact that the veins in the neck can expand and swell. A similar pulsation occurs when blood returns to the right atrium from the right ventricle.
Signs and symptoms
The main signs of pulsation and swelling of the jugular veins include:
- Swelling in the neck area.
- Slow visible pulsation and swelling of the cervical veins to the angle of the lower jaw, and in some cases - in the sublingual region.
- Kussmaul's symptom - swelling of the veins with a sigh.
- Pressure on the right hypochondrium causes swelling of the veins of the neck.
- Edema in the neck area.
- On the anterior chest wall, a visible pulsation of the heart can be observed.
Causes of the disease
The swelling of the veins in the neck can be unilateral and bilateral. The reasons are as follows:
- unilateral - large goiter; on the left side - an aortic aneurysm compresses the left brachiocephalic vein.
- bilateral - accumulation of fluid in the heart bag; right heart failure; venous pulse; constructive pericarditis; violation of the patency of blood in the superior vena cava; enlarged lymph nodes in the upper mediastinum; lung tumor; thrombophlebitis of the upper vena cava; fibrosis mediastinal; stenosis; pulmonary hypertension; tension pneumothorax.
Most often, swelling of the veins in the neck is caused by the following pathological conditions:
- heart failure;
- acquired and congenital heart defects;
- reflux hepatojugular;
- cardiac tamponade;
- tumor in the mediastinal region;
- arrhythmia.
- Swelling of the veins in the neck in children
A swollen vein in a child’s neck is most often a normal reaction, like in any person, to any emotional stress, crying, coughing, resulting in a change in pressure. Vessels with obstructed blood flow tend to increase in size. Under the thin skin of children, the vessels are better visible and the increase is noticeably much better than in adults. Nevertheless, if the veins are swollen, you need to contact a surgeon and a cardiologist, do a dollerography of the vessels of the head and neck.
This phenomenon should not cause discomfort and pain in babies. Over time, when the children grow up, most likely the situation will change and the vein will no longer be so noticeable.
Diagnostics
To make a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct objective and subjective examinations. First of all, the renal-jugular outflow is examined in order to remove the obstruction that causes swelling of the veins. Among the additional research methods: chest x-ray; echocardiography; Ultrasound of the neck and blood test for thyroid hormones; bronchoscopy; computed tomography of the chest; Ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities.
Who to contact
If there is a pulsation and swelling of the veins of the neck, it is necessary to visit a cardiologist, a therapist. Next, you may need to consult a cardiac surgeon, pulmonologist, rheumatologist, oncologist, endocrinologist.
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