The most ambitious task of the socially oriented economy of the state in the emerging market economy of Russia is the activity on social protection of all strata of society and on the development of an effective social policy strategy. The form of its implementation is the actual mode of action of the state, embodied in social policy, which covers all spheres of economic relations in the country. There are some problems associated with the regulation of employment and the provision of social protection of the population.
Social protection and socio-economic support of the population are integral factors of any normally functioning social system.
Social assistance in maintaining the physical life of people, meeting their social needs existed already in the initial period of human development and was carried out on the basis of customs, norms, traditions, rituals. This helped people to adapt to unfavorable natural conditions and social environment, to preserve the integrity and continuity of the culture of the family, clan, community.
With the development of civilization, technological progress and culture, the disintegration of family and kinship and community ties, the state more and more actively assumed the function of the guarantor of human social security.
The formation and development of a market economy has led to the separation of social protection of the population into an independent type of activity, which has acquired a new meaning: primarily as protection from the adverse effects of market relations.
The social protection system is currently understood as a set of legally established economic, social, legal guarantees and rights, social institutions and institutions that ensure their implementation and create conditions for maintaining the livelihood and active existence of various social strata and groups of the population, especially the socially vulnerable.
In Russia, the right of citizens to social protection is guaranteed by the Constitution and regulated by law. Social protection is carried out at the expense of the federal, local budgets, specially created non-state funds.
For the first time, the need to create SZN systems was emphasized in the decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR "On priority measures to create a state system of social assistance to the family" (1991), the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On priority measures to implement the World Declaration on the survival, protection and development of children in 90 -th years "(1992), documents of the Ministry of Social Protection of Russia:" Concept of state family policy of the Russian Federation "(1993)," Concept of the development of social services for the population in the Russian Federation "(1993), in the Program of Social Reforms adopted in 1997 by the Government of the Russian Federation for 1999-2000
It was supposed in a relatively short time to create SZN systems, which would unite and coordinate diverse measures to help people in difficult life situations, connect various financial flows and become a tangible part of the infrastructure that contributes to the normal functioning of the market economy, and therefore its ability to create normal conditions human life. It was planned to create a fundamentally new SZN system, different from the one that existed in Soviet times. The old system was of an equalizing nature, the actions of its subjects were reduced to the distribution and redistribution of available material and monetary resources. Therefore, a radical reorientation of economic reforms to the problems of the social and labor sphere, the area of social protection was objectively necessary.
The management of social protection of the population is a purposeful influence on the part of specially created bodies (state, public, municipal) on public relations regarding the implementation of the social function of the state. The management of social protection of the population consists of several subsystems: a subsystem of public administration, a subsystem of public administration, and a subsystem of municipal administration. In the dissertation work, more attention is paid to the theoretical and legal characteristics of the management of social protection of the population. Its content can be described only by studying the relevant features, functions, features, goals of influence, subjects and controlled objects, considered from the point of view of the system.
The signs of the management of social protection of the population are: 1) this is a specific type of activity; 2) realizes the right to administrative law-making; 3) carried out systematically and continuously; 4) performs the functions of security and execution; 5) applies to state, non-state commercial and non-commercial organizations in the form of managerial, regulatory and control and supervisory procedures; 6) has vertical ties and relationships; 7) exercises powers of a legal nature; 8) is based on the organizational and functional principle.
State administration of social protection is aimed at fulfilling only socio-economic goals. It, along with the functions traditional for public administration, performs special functions in the field of legal support (creation of social support programs for the population), in the field of resource provision (conclusion of administrative contracts), in the field of pension provision, social assistance, social services, in the field of personnel policy, training personnel, informational support of the bodies of social protection of the population.
The main feature of the management of social protection of the population as a whole is an organic combination of state, public and municipal government, closely interconnected with each other. Based on the foregoing, the state management of social protection of the population (as a branch of public administration) is a vast industry, consisting of interconnected and subordinate links-management bodies, united by a community of management objects that perform special functions, goals and objectives that contribute to the support and provision of normal life. the level of socially unprotected segments of the population.
Social structure implies a set of stable social ties between structural elements, social groups existing in the organization, its employees.
The control system is subdivided into two main subsystems: control and controlled, each of which can be considered independently, taking into account its inherent features. Subsystems have a multilevel hierarchical structure; each link has its own directions of direct and feedback, forming internal sources of self-regulation.
In addition to the object and subject of management, organizational and managerial relations, the corresponding types of activities, the management system also includes management functions - specific areas of activity.
The management system, which develops in the process of implementing management activities and management functions, consists of an object and subject of management, a system of direct and feedback links within the system, sources of self-regulation (interests, needs, values of its constituent substructures), and various management bodies. The content of the management system, the internal principles of its organization and self-organization determine the goal setting associated with forecasting and modeling social systems. The end result of the functioning and development of the management system is the adoption and implementation of management decisions.
In the process of management activities, the subjects of management, management bodies, managers and individuals enter into management relations associated with goal-setting, analysis of information, setting goals and organizing their achievement.
Management relations are extremely complex, representing a unity of objective and subjective principles, and are determined by the characteristics of the socio-economic system.
Organizational relations - a necessary element of the management mechanism - have their own internal structure, in which the relations of centralism and independence, subordination and coordination, responsibility, competition, etc. are distinguished. Organizational relations are divided into vertical and horizontal, formal and informal.
In addition to the relations of subordination of the type "leaders - subordinates", there are coordination relations or relationships between members of the organization located at the same hierarchical level. Such relationships are aimed at mutual coordination of actions based on the joint tasks of leadership or execution.
The concept of organization is based on the fundamental provisions of the sections of social science, a number of applied industries, but its independent subject is specific management activities in unity with management relations that are formed in the process of creating the system of social management itself, its construction, functioning and development.
Objects play an important role in public administration. The objects of management reproduce the objective conditions of the life of society. Changes in the "interests" of society give rise to new bodies and new controlled systems. The object and its needs help to solve the problem of forming a control system. The classification of objects was made in the dissertation research on two grounds: by the purpose (type) of activity and organizational and legal form.
The combined classification of objects of management of social protection of the population is as follows:
- 1) the system of compulsory social insurance (1st level - insurers, 2nd level - policyholders and insured persons), consisting of subsystems: pension insurance, compulsory health insurance, social insurance;
- 2) institutions providing types of social services (social service system, social assistance system);
- 3) educational institutions of the system of social protection of the population;
- 4) departmental magazines, newspapers;
- 5) non-state pension funds;
- 6) enterprises and organizations.
A feature of the object of management of social protection of the population is its social nature. .
In its activities, the USZN is subordinate to the administration of the district, (city), the committee (department) of social protection of the population of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
USZN interacts with regional institutions on the basis of the principle of independence and responsibility before the local government, cooperates with them, reserving the right to receive operational and long-term information and departmental statistics.
Department of Social Protection of the Population:
is involved in the implementation of the provisions of the Federal Laws "On Veterans", "On Social Protection of Disabled People in the Russian Federation", "On Social Protection of Citizens Exposed to Radiation as a result of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaster", "On the Status of Servicemen", "On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people "," On burial and funeral business "," On state benefits to citizens with children "; Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation on the support of former underage prisoners of concentration camps, large families, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc .;
develops and manages the implementation of district programs for targeted social protection of low-income categories of the population, disabled people, large families, women and children;
controls the timeliness and correctness of spending the funds allocated for these purposes;
coordinates and conducts work on the rehabilitation of disabled people;
develops a network in the district and strengthens the material and technical base of social security institutions for the elderly, disabled people of the district, as well as specialized institutions for minors in need of social rehabilitation, other institutions and services that provide social services to minors and their families.
The USZN, together with the district services, controls the implementation in the district of comprehensive intersectoral measures to address family problems, protect mothers and children, strengthen and comprehensively protect and support families and children.
The USZN implements projects and programs of state youth policy on the territory of the district (city), develops and supports social services and institutions that provide services to children, adolescents and youth.
The head of the Department of Social Protection of the Population (USZN) manages the subordinate institutions and organizations within the limits of his authority. He develops the structure and staff of management, taking into account the goals and objectives within the allocated appropriations and the established number. The head is appointed and removed from office by the order of the head of the district (city) in the manner prescribed by law. The head of the USZN is personally responsible for the implementation of the tasks, duties and functions assigned to the department.
The structure of the USZN includes, as a rule, the following divisions:
department of labor relations and labor protection;
department for work with family, women and children;
Department of Housing Subsidies;
Human Resources Department;
Common department;
financial planning sector;
department of state social assistance;
Department for Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation of Disabled and Disadapted Population Groups.
The structure of the management of social protection of the population includes:
- 1. Head of the USZN of the Belgorod urban district;
- 2. Deputy Head of the USZN of the Belgorod City District;
- 3. Department of accounting and financial support for the provision of benefits;
- 4. Department of Family and Child Benefits;
- 5. Department of benefits and social guarantees;
- 6. Department for the appointment and calculation of subsidies for housing, utilities and solid fuel;
- 7. Department of Guardianship and Guardianship.
USZN coordinates and controls the activities of subordinate units: centers of social services; boarding homes, psychological care centers, etc.
Summing up, note that The content of the state administration of social protection is determined by:
- - legal regulation of relations through the adoption of legislative acts, decisions of state bodies aimed at the implementation of state policy in this area;
- - creation of a system of central and local authorities for social protection, determination of its structure and competence;
- - the use of organizational and other means to improve their structure and improve the organization, increase the efficiency of work;
- - creation of a system of social guarantees for the protection of citizens' rights;
- - creation of a sufficient network of state institutions and institutions in the sphere of social protection, taking into account the specifics of a particular region;
- - the creation of special funds.
The effectiveness of the system of social protection of the population depends on the practice of social management of this system. And depending on how deeply people understand the management principles of organizing the life of this system according to the basic, intellectual and professional processes, according to the basic object and subject of activity, the optimal state of the social protection system will be maintained.
Thus, the imperfection of the structure of the social sphere gives rise to a conflict social space, creates conditions for the further disintegration of society, prevents the population from accepting new people and stereotypes of their behavior, turns into a waste of the intellectual, spiritual and physical potential of the people accumulated over the past years.
Considering social protection as an object of social and public administration, it can be concluded that management in the field of social protection is an integral system within the social system, since public administration is a subsystem of social management.
The system of social protection and social education
Didactic unit: social protection and social education
Questions:
The concepts of "Social education"
"Management of social education".
Institute of Social Education Management: executive and legislative bodies; collectives, organizations, institutions; a family; public organizations, foundations; church, religion; activities of state institutions as subjects of professional and non-professional social pedagogical work. Social education management mechanisms. The main goal of social education management.
Social protection of the population Is a system of measures aimed at preventing social risk situations, as well as mitigating and eliminating their consequences. Social risk should be understood as the likelihood of an unfavorable life situation, independent or little dependent on the citizen himself, that is, due to external reasons.
Five forms of classification of social protection of the population: 1- depending on the role of the recipient's subject. Social protection can be active or passive. Active social protection presupposes an active position of the recipient subject in the form of employment. If it is not possible to find a job for a person, then unemployment benefit is assigned. 2- according to the method of accounting and compensation of social risk. Social protection can be insurance or non-insurance. Compulsory state insurance of certain categories of the population (judges, prosecutors, pilots, railway workers, workers of the sea and river fleet, military personnel, some types of commercial insurance) can be classified as insurance. Non-insurance forms: social assistance and support, these are forms where a preliminary assessment, accounting, identification of social risk is not carried out. 3- by subject composition: state, municipal, corporate, social partnership, public, carried out through public associations, charitable organizations. 4- depending on the basis of provision: contractual and non-contractual forms of social protection, the latter arise by virtue of law. 5- depending on the degree of coverage of the recipient entity: general (applies to all citizens without exception, for example, protection from emergency situations); special (provided to certain categories of the population, which are distinguished by professional, territorial or other characteristics); exceptional (provided on the basis of special regulations, to those categories of the population who find themselves in extraordinary circumstances requiring exceptional measures - Chernobyl, SSHGES).
Social education - the process of influencing human psychology, not his consciousness, feelings, will, behavior. And also the process of ensuring interaction system - personality - family - collective - society - state in order to solve the problems of the formation and development of social services. mature personality with social. significant ZUN and quality properties.
Social management education - a set of implemented measures and actions of the social. institutions of the state and society for the coordination, distribution and application of social services. ped. Resources for the implementation of more effective forms and methods of technology for the formation and development of social services. significant qualities and personality traits, the need for motives of behavior and actions.
Institute for Social Management education: * executive and legislative authorities; * collectives, organizations, institutions; * family; * public organizations, foundations; * church, religion; * activities of state institutions as subjects of professional and non-professional social and educational work.
Social management mechanisms education:
Ideology of the state and society in the field of social education,
Self-government, amateur performance, social activity,
Participation of public organizations in social education,
The structure of social protection is a complex of legislative acts, measures, as well as organizations that ensure the implementation of measures for social protection of the population, support for socially vulnerable segments of the population http://www.grandars.ru/college/sociologiya/socialnaya-zashchita-naseleniya.html.
It includes:
1. Social Security https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0% BE% D0% B5_% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BF% D0% B5% D1% 87% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5 - - originated in Russia in the 20s of the twentieth century. and meant the creation of a state system of material support and services for elderly and disabled citizens, as well as families with children at the expense of the so-called public consumption funds. This category is essentially identical to that of social protection, but the latter applies to a market economy.
In addition to pensions (for old age, disability, etc.), social security included benefits for temporary incapacity for work and childbirth, for caring for a child under the age of one year, assistance to families in maintaining and raising children (free or on preferential terms crèches, kindergartens, boarding schools , pioneer camps, etc.), family allowances, maintenance of disabled people in special organizations (nursing homes, etc.), free or on preferential terms, prosthetic care, provision of vehicles for disabled people, vocational training for disabled people, various benefits for families of disabled people. During the transition to the market, the social security system largely ceased to fulfill its functions, but some of its elements have entered the modern system of social protection of the population.
2. Social guarantees http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/fin_enc/29544 - provision of social benefits and services to citizens without regard to labor input and means testing based on the principle of distribution of these benefits according to the needs of the available public resources. In our country, social guarantees include:
guaranteed free medical care;
general availability and free education;
the minimum wage;
minimum pension, scholarships;
social pensions (disabled since childhood; disabled children; disabled people who have no work experience; children who have lost one or both parents; persons over 65 (men) and 60 (women) who have no work experience);
benefits at the birth of a child, for the period of caring for a child until he reaches the age of 1.5 years, up to 16 years;
ritual burial allowance and some others.
From January 1, 2002, the amount of benefits associated with the birth of a child has been increased. Thus, the size of the one-time childbirth allowance increased from 1.5 thousand rubles to 4.5 thousand rubles and in 2006 - to 8000 rubles, the monthly allowance for the period of parental leave until the child reaches the age of one and a half years from 200 to 500 rubles, and in 2006 - up to 700 rubles. This allowance provided 25% of the subsistence minimum for an able-bodied person. The amount of the monthly allowance for a child under 16 has not been revised and is 70 rubles. Its ratio with the size of the child's subsistence minimum was 3.0% in 2004. In Moscow and some other regions, this allowance in 2006 increased to 150 rubles.
A kind of social guarantees are social benefits. They represent a system of social guarantees provided to certain groups of the population (disabled people, war veterans, labor veterans, etc.). In 2005, benefits in kind were replaced by monetary compensations for these categories of the population. Since January 1, 2005, the privileged category of citizens has the right to use the social package and the right to receive monthly cash payments http://www.grandars.ru/college/sociologiya/socialnaya-zashchita-naseleniya.html. The cost of the social package is set at 450 rubles. It includes travel by suburban transport, free drug provision, spa treatment and travel to the place of spa treatment. The law stipulates that from January 2006 beneficiaries will be able to choose between the social package and the receipt of the corresponding amount of money.
From January 1, 2006, in accordance with the law, monthly cash payments were established in the following amounts: invalids of the Great Patriotic War - 2000 rubles; participants of the Second World War - 1,500 rubles; war veterans and a number of other categories of beneficiaries - 1100 rubles.
Persons who worked during the Second World War at air defense facilities, the construction of defensive structures, naval bases, airfields and other military facilities, family members of victims or deceased war invalids, WWII veterans and war veterans will receive 600 rubles a month.
People with disabilities who have the third degree of restriction to work are paid 1,400 rubles a month; second degree - 1000 rubles; first degree - 800 rubles; disabled children will be paid 1000 rubles. People with disabilities who do not have a degree of restriction to work, with the exception of disabled children, receive 500 rubles a month.
Social insurance is the protection of the economically active population from social risks based on collective solidarity in compensation for damage. The main social risks associated with the loss of ability to work, work and, accordingly, income, are illness, old age, unemployment, motherhood, accidents, industrial injury, occupational disease, death of the breadwinner. The social insurance system is financed from special off-budget funds formed by contributions from employers and employees, as well as state subsidies. http://www.grandars.ru/college/sociologiya/socialnaya-zashchita-naseleniya.html
There are two forms of social insurance - compulsory (with state support of its funds) and voluntary (in the absence of state aid). Citizens are supported primarily through cash payments (pensions and benefits for sickness, old age, unemployment, loss of a breadwinner, etc.), as well as through financing the services of healthcare organizations, vocational training, etc., related to the restoration of working capacity.
Social support (assistance) is provided to socially vulnerable groups of the population that are unable, for one reason or another, to provide themselves with income. Assistance is provided both in cash and in kind (free meals, clothing) and is funded from general tax revenues. Means testing is usually required to receive social assistance. Assistance is provided to those people whose incomes are below the minimum living standards, and is an essential element of the policy of fighting poverty, ensuring a minimum guaranteed income, as the realization of the right to life.
Social support is not limited to material assistance only. It also includes measures in the form of assistance and services provided to individuals or groups of the population by social services to overcome difficulties in life, maintain social status, and adapt in society.
The activity of social services for social support, the provision of social, household, medical, pedagogical, legal services and material assistance, the implementation of social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations has formed into a separate branch of the social sphere - social services http: // www. grandars.ru/college/sociologiya/socialnaya-zashchita-naseleniya.html.
The system of social service institutions in Russia is developing at a very fast pace. During the period 1998-2004, the total number of social service institutions increased by one third. At the same time, the number of institutions for the elderly and the disabled has grown by more than one and a half times compared to 1985, and by 18% compared to 1998. The number of social assistance centers for families and children in 1998-2004 increased by 2 times, social rehabilitation centers - by 2.5 times. There are 25 rehabilitation centers for young people with disabilities, 17 gerontological centers. New types of social service institutions have appeared: crisis centers for women, while the only crisis center for men, crisis departments for girls.
Work aimed at helping, supporting and protecting people, and, above all, the socially weak strata of society, is called social work.
The objects of social work are people in need of outside help: old people, pensioners, disabled people, seriously ill people, children; people who are in a difficult life situation: unemployed, drug addicts, adolescents who have fallen into a bad company, single-parent families, convicts and those who have served their sentences, refugees and displaced persons, etc.
The subjects of social work are those organizations and people who carry out this work. This is the state as a whole, which implements social policy through state bodies of social protection. These are public organizations: the Russian Association of Social Services, the Association of Social Educators and Social Workers, etc. These are charitable organizations and charity societies such as the Red Cross and Red Crescent.
The main subject of social work are people who are engaged in it professionally or on a voluntary basis. There are about half a million professional social workers (that is, people with an appropriate education and diploma) all over the world (in Russia there are several tens of thousands). The bulk of social work is done by non-professionals, either as a result of circumstances or because of their convictions and a sense of duty.
Society is interested in improving the efficiency of social work. However, it is difficult to define and measure it. Efficiency is understood as the ratio of the results of activities and the costs necessary to achieve this result. http://www.grandars.ru/college/sociologiya/socialnaya-zashchita-naseleniya.html Efficiency in the social sphere is a complex category that consists of goals, results, costs and conditions of social activity. The result is the final result of any activity in relation to its goal. It can be positive or negative. In social work, the result is the satisfaction of the needs of its objects, clients of social services, and on this basis, an overall improvement in the social situation in society. The criteria for the effectiveness of social work at the macro level can be indicators of the financial situation of a family (person), life expectancy, the level and structure of morbidity, homelessness, drug addiction, crime, etc.
Closely related to the criterion of effectiveness is the problem of the limits of social assistance to citizens. As in the implementation of income policy, it is necessary to take into account the possible negative consequences of massive social support: the emergence of dependency, passivity, unwillingness to make decisions and solve their own problems. Negative phenomena in the social sphere may arise (for example, active support of single mothers can lead to a decrease in the level of marriage and, ultimately, fertility).
Social protection is assistance provided by the state, as well as by private organizations to the entire population or, more often, to categories in need of assistance: single mothers, large families, families of social risk, pensioners, disabled people, etc. More broadly, social protection is also provided by private organizations such as insurance companies.
The Department of Social Protection of the Population of the City of Moscow is a sectoral executive body of the City of Moscow, which carries out the functions of implementing state policy in the field of social protection of citizens, including elderly citizens and disabled people, other citizens in difficult life situations, families with children, providing the specified sphere of public services, the organization of the provision of social services to the residents of the city of Moscow, the prevention of neglect and delinquency of minors, the implementation of measures to overcome orphanhood and the placement of children deprived of parental care into the family, the organization and provision of recreation and health improvement for children in difficult life situations, and also coordination of the activities of the executive authorities of the city of Moscow in the implementation of state policy in the field of demography.
The Department is an authorized body in the field of organization and activities of guardianship, guardianship and patronage in Moscow in the event that the relevant powers are not transferred by the law of the city of Moscow to local self-government bodies of inner-city municipalities in Moscow. The Department exercises state control over the implementation by local self-government bodies of intracity municipalities - municipal districts in Moscow of certain delegated powers of Moscow in the field of guardianship, guardianship and patronage in relation to minors, persons from among orphans and children left without parental care , at the age of 18 to 23 years, as well as adult capable persons who, for health reasons, are not able to independently exercise and defend their rights and fulfill their duties.
The Department also coordinates and provides methodological support for the activities:
On guardianship, guardianship and patronage in relation to minors, minors between the ages of fourteen and eighteen, adult capable citizens who, for health reasons, are not able to independently exercise their rights and fulfill their duties, as well as to provide assistance to persons from among orphans and children left without parental care between the ages of 18 and 23.
· Organizations specified in part 3 of article 4 and article 9 of the Law of the City of Moscow dated April 14, 2010 N 12 "On the organization of guardianship, guardianship and patronage in the city of Moscow."
The Department is the regional operator of the state databank of children without parental care. In order to exercise its powers, the Department, in accordance with the established procedure, conducts:
1. Citywide register of recipients of social support measures.
2. A distributed automated system for processing information on social protection (RASOI "Sotszashita" of Moscow).
3. City-wide integrated data bank of subjects of social protection of the city of Moscow (OIBD).
4. Data bank "Invalids".
The Department fulfills the functions and powers of the founder of state institutions, state unitary enterprises of the city of Moscow in accordance with the laws of the city of Moscow and other legal acts of the city of Moscow, exercises control over the activities of subordinate state institutions, including their fulfillment of the state assignment. It also carries out measures in the established area of activity to improve control and supervisory functions, optimize the provision of public services, including in electronic form, reduce administrative barriers, budget costs and increase the efficiency of their use.
The department creates territorial subdivisions - administrations of social protection of the population of the city of Moscow, which are legal entities.
MORE ABOUT THE WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT SEE. REGULATIONS ABOUT SPH of Moscow !!!
In each district of the city, territorial centers of social services have been created (in the form of GBU - for example, the State budgetary institution of the city of Moscow, the Territorial Center for Social Services "Arbat"). There are rehabilitation institutions in the city (for example, the Moscow State Agrarian University "Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for the Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities due to Infantile Cerebral Palsy"), as well as boarding houses for labor veterans, neuropsychiatric boarding schools and educational institutions (for example, orphanages), social assistance centers families and children, specialized institutions for minors (for example, GBU of Moscow "City center for the prevention of neglect and delinquency among minors" Street Children "), orphanages and other social service institutions (for example, BU of Moscow" Crisis Center for Assistance women ").
The bodies and institutions of social protection, which make up the system of social protection of the population of Moscow, are subordinate to the Social Security Service of Moscow and resolve issues:
Implementation of state policy in the field of social protection of citizens,
· Living in the territory of the districts;
· Appointment and recalculation of pensions and benefits;
· Collection of basic information about the serviced persons;
· Provision of social, household, medical and other services to citizens, in accordance with the list of services guaranteed by the state;
· Establishment of the ability to work of citizens and the implementation of labor rehabilitation of citizens in medical and labor workshops, home-based industries and subsidiary plots.
Other organizations in the social sphere deal with issues:
· Coordination of social policy;
· Budget planning of the city order; provision of municipal housing;
· Education;
· Families and youth;
· Migration of the population;
· Health care;
· Work with people with disabilities (associations and organizations of people with disabilities, the department of rehabilitation of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate of Moscow);
· Work with veterans of war, labor and the Armed Forces;
· Trade union organizations;
· Charitable and humanitarian activities;
· Emergency social assistance;
· Financial and social support of the population;
· Work with victims of illegal repression;
· Restoration of the rights of rehabilitated victims of political repression;
· Provision of pensions for federal employees (pension departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Minatomprom, SVR, FSB, etc.);
· Payments of pensions (payout enterprises - post offices, branches of the savings bank of Russia and other banks, a branch of the Russian pension fund in Moscow, which provides direct financing); production and sale of social goods (technical means of rehabilitation, etc.);
· Provision of social services;
· Other questions.
The right of citizens of the Russian Federation to social protection is enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 12.12.93, which proclaimed that the Russian Federation is a social state, the policy of which is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a dignified life and free human development (Article 7). The specification of this provision is contained in Art. 39 of the Constitution, according to which everyone is guaranteed social security in the event of incapacity for work, for the upbringing of children and in other cases established by law.
Social protection of the population in the broadest sense of this concept is a set of socio-economic measures carried out by the state and aimed at providing disabled citizens of the Russian Federation with work pensions for old age, disability, loss of breadwinner, seniority, social pensions, temporary disability benefits, for pregnancy and childbirth, child support, unemployment, burial, targeted assistance to low-income groups of the population, assistance to citizens in extreme situations, including refugees and displaced persons, sanatorium-resort treatment, maintenance in homes for the elderly and disabled , provision of disabled people with vehicles, prosthetic and orthopedic products, vocational training and retraining of disabled people, their employment, to create a complex of new social services - Social service centers, social assistance at home, social shelters for children, social hotels, etc. ...
Social security is the main part of the social protection of the population. The law establishes state pensions and social pensions, encourages voluntary social insurance, the creation of additional forms of social security and charity.
Every citizen has the right to social protection. The Constitution imposes a duty on the state to create all the necessary conditions for the exercise of this right.
The Constitution of the Russian Federation not only proclaims the prano of citizens to social protection, but also clearly defines the ways of its implementation - first of all, this is state insurance of workers, the creation of other funds that are sources of financing for social protection of the population, as well as the adoption of federal laws guaranteeing the implementation of these rights: On 02.08.95, the Federal Law "On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people" was adopted; ".
As a matter of priority, social protection in the Russian Federation is in need of:
- elderly citizens, especially lonely and lonely residents (including single married couples);
- invalids of the Great Patriotic War and families of the dead servicemen;
- disabled people, including those from childhood, and disabled children;
- invalids from among the soldiers-internationalists;
- citizens affected by the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and radioactive emissions in other places;
- unemployed;
- forced refugees and displaced persons;
- children are full orphans;
- children with deviant behavior;
- families with disabled children, orphans, alcoholics and drug addicts;
- low-income families;
- large families;
- single mothers;
- young, student, families;
- Citizens infected with HIV and AIDS patients;
- persons with disabilities;
- homeless people.
Social protection management bodies and their subordinate enterprises, institutions, organizations, territorial bodies of social protection of the population form a unified state system of social protection of the population, providing state support for families, the elderly, veterans and disabled people, persons dismissed from military service, and their family members, development of the system of social services, implementation of state policy in the field of pensions and labor relations.
1.2. Sources of funding for social protection of the population. Non-state pension funds
The sources of financing the social protection of the population are state off-budget social funds: the Social Insurance Fund, the Pension Fund, the State Employment Fund, the Mandatory Medical Insurance Fund.
The Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation is a specialized financial and credit institution under the Government of the Russian Federation. The main task of the Social Insurance Fund is to provide state-guaranteed benefits for temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, at the birth of a child, caring for a child until one and a half years of age, for burial, for spa treatment and health improvement of employees and their families.
The Pension Fund of the Russian Federation was established by a resolution of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR dated December 22, 1990 for the purpose of state management of the finances of pension provision in the Russian Federation. The Pension Fund of Russia is an independent financial and credit institution and is under the jurisdiction of the Government of the Russian Federation and is accountable to it. The funds of the Russian Pension Fund are formed from:
- employers' insurance premiums;
- insurance premiums of citizens engaged in individual entrepreneurial activities;
- insurance premiums of other categories of working citizens;
- appropriations from the federal budget, etc.
The rate of insurance contributions to the Russian Pension Fund is determined by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation.
The Employment Fund is a state non-budgetary fund of the Russian Federation intended to finance activities related to the development and implementation of the state employment policy.
The Employment Fund is not a legal entity and is under the operational management and disposal of the employment service bodies.
The employment fund is formed from the following receipts:
- compulsory insurance premiums of employers;
- compulsory insurance contributions from the earnings of employees;
- appropriations from the federal budget of the Russian Federation.
The funds of the Employment Fund are directed to measures for vocational guidance, vocational training and retraining of unemployed citizens; organization of public works; payment of unemployment benefits, compensation; provision of material and other assistance.
The compulsory health insurance fund is a system of compulsory health insurance funds, which consists of federal and territorial compulsory health insurance funds in the constituent entities of the Federation. These funds were created to implement the Law of the Russian Federation "On health insurance of citizens in the Russian Federation" and to implement the state policy in the field of compulsory health insurance as an integral part of state social insurance.
The insurance rate of contributions for compulsory medical insurance paid by employers and other payers is determined by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation.
Funds for social support of the population are one of the sources of financial resources for the implementation of activities for social services to the population.
These are independent state institutions created with the aim of forming financial sources of social support for the most needy citizens, providing targeted social protection to low-income groups of the population.
The system of funds for social support of the population consists of the Republican (Federal) and territorial funds.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Development determines the main directions of spending the funds of this fund. On the territory of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the Population Support Funds operate under the leadership of executive authorities and bodies of social protection of the population.
The right to receive assistance from the Fund for Social Support of the Population is granted to especially needy pensioners, disabled people, persons with dependents, and other disabled citizens whose total per capita income does not exceed the minimum established at the regional level.
The funds of the Social Support Funds are spent on additional (extra-budgetary) financing of activities in the following areas:
- provision of in-kind assistance in the form of basic necessities (food, clothing, footwear) free of charge or at reduced prices;
- provision of social services, including at home;
- organization of free meals;
- the provision of subsidies for the purchase of medicines, prosthetic and orthopedic products, for the payment of utilities and household services;
- provision of night accommodation for homeless citizens;
- creation of own enterprises;
- assistance in providing loans, etc.
The government of the Russian Federation promotes development
non-state pension systems. In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On Non-State Pension Funds", a non-state pension fund is a social and financial non-profit organization that carries out activities for the formation of assets by attracting voluntary targeted monetary contributions from legal entities and individuals, transferring these funds to a company managing the assets of a non-state pension fund, the implementation of lifelong or for a long period of regular payments to citizens in cash, as well as other actions to fulfill social obligations to citizens.
Non-state pension funds operate independently of the state pension system. Payment from these funds is carried out along with payments of state pensions. The transfer of funds by employers and employees to non-state pension funds does not relieve them of the obligation to make mandatory contributions to the state Pension Fund and other non-budgetary funds.
The amount, conditions and procedure for making contributions and making payments are determined by an agreement between the non-state pension fund and the insured.
1.3. Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation
The main federal executive body that conducts state policy and management in the field of labor, employment and social protection of the population is the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation.
The Ministry in its activities is guided by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, decrees and decisions of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Regulation on the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of 23.04.97, No. 480 with amendments and additions ...
The Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation carries out its activities in cooperation with other federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, public and other associations, as well as other organizations, regardless of their organizational and legal form.
In accordance with the tasks assigned to the ministry, it builds its work in different directions and carries out its functions in the following areas: solving complex problems of social development; raising the standard of living and income of the population; salary; working conditions and labor protection; social partnership in labor relations; population; employment; development of human resources; social insurance; pension provision; social protection of the population; social services for the population; public service; legislation on labor, employment and social protection of the population; international partnership.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation is headed by a minister who is appointed and dismissed by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation. The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation bears personal responsibility for the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to the Ministry of Labor and Social Development and for the exercise of its functions.
1.4. Executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
In different regions, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the bodies of social protection of the population of the region, the krai are called, for example, Departments, Directorates, Departments, \ Committees, Ministries, but the main tasks and functions of these bodies are the same.
The bodies of social protection of the population of the region, the region are under double subordination - they are subordinate to the administration of the region, region, as well as the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation. Using the example of the Department for Social Protection of the Population of the Krasnodar Territory, we will consider the main tasks of the Department, its structure.
The Department, its subordinate enterprises, institutions, organizations, as well as territorial bodies of social protection of the population form a single regional state system of social protection of the population, providing state support for families, senior citizens, veterans and disabled people, persons dismissed from military service, and their family members, development of the system of social services, implementation of state policy in the field of pensions and labor relations.
The Department is a legal entity, has an independent balance sheet, settlement and other accounts in bank institutions, a seal with the state emblem of the Russian Federation and its name, as well as corresponding seals, stamps and letterheads.
The main tasks of the Department
1. Organization, together with territorial executive authorities, of state pension provision.
2. Creation of a state system of social services for the population, assistance in its development. "
3. Organization of medical and social expertise and rehabilitation of disabled people, prosthetic and orthopedic assistance to the population.
4. Organization of social support for families, senior citizens and veterans.
5. Participation in ensuring the functioning and improvement of the system of social protection of citizens dismissed from military service and their family members.
6. Participation in the formation and implementation of financial, economic and investment policies aimed at implementing programs and measures for social protection of the population.
7. Control over the professional training of personnel for work in the field of social services for the population.
8. Protection of the rights of citizens, their interests, state guarantees provided for by the current legislation on social and labor issues, as well as on the protection of working conditions.
9. Control over the correct application of the current legislation in subordinate institutions, organizations and bodies of the social protection system.
10. Involvement on a contractual basis of legal entities and individuals, highly qualified specialists in the development of programs, draft legislative and regulatory acts on social protection issues.
11. Informing the population on issues of social protection and labor relations.
Functions of the Department
- organizes the work of bodies of social protection of the population on the appointment, recalculation, payment and delivery of state pensions and provides its methodological support;
- creates and develops automated systems for the assignment and payment of state pensions;
- organizes and monitors the correctness of the appointment and payment of state pensions, benefits and compensations allocated from the federal, regional budgets, as well as from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation to the social protection authorities;
- Carries out, together with the Pension Fund of the Krasnodar Territory, the payment of pensions to citizens outside the Russian Federation.
B. In the field of social services for the population:
- organizes and develops, together with the executive authorities, taking into account the socio-demographic characteristics of the regions and the needs of various categories and groups of the population, an extensive network of complex and specialized state, as well as municipal and other services providing social services to the population, institutions for the rehabilitation and social services of disabled people, elderly and disabled citizens, departments of social assistance at home, help for families and children, social shelters for children and adolescents, Centers for helping children left without parental care, Rehabilitation centers for children and adolescents with disabilities, etc .;
- participates in rendering assistance to citizens who find themselves in extreme situations, including persons without a fixed place of residence and occupation, refugees, and internally displaced persons.
C. In the field of medical and social expertise, rehabilitation of disabled people and provision of prosthetic and orthopedic assistance to the population:
- develops proposals for the formation of state policy on the problems of disabled people and implements it in cooperation with executive authorities;
- takes measures to organize and develop the medical and social expertise service and the state system for the rehabilitation of disabled people, as well as to provide them with special vehicles for the rehabilitation and care of them;
- Provides the organization of prosthetic and orthopedic care for the population, control over the observance of benefits and advantages provided to citizens during prosthetics;
- contribute to the creation and improvement of the activities of the Centers for medical, social and vocational rehabilitation of disabled people and other enterprises, institutions and organizations that provide social protection for disabled people;
- provides assistance to public associations of disabled people in their activities, in improving the social status of disabled people, soldiers-internationalists.
T. In the field of social support for senior citizens and veterans:
- develops proposals for the formation of state policy in the field of social support for senior citizens and veterans and implements it in cooperation with executive authorities;
- carries out, within its competence, control over the implementation of social guarantees established for senior citizens and veterans by the current legislation.
E. In the field of social support for family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood:
- develops proposals for the formation of state policy in the field of social support of the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood and implements it in cooperation with the executive authorities;
- monitors the implementation of social guarantees established for families, women and children by current legislation;
- Provides social support to graduates of orphanages and boarding schools who do not have parents or are left without their care at the initial stage of independent life.
E. In the field of social protection of citizens dismissed from military service and their family members:
- prepares drafts of normative acts, regional programs, and also provides the organization of social support for family members of military personnel who died during military service, war and military service veterans;
- coordinates the creation and improvement of the system of social rehabilitation of disabled people in military service.
G. In the field of financial, economic and investment policy:
- finances the institutions and organizations subordinate to the Department, regional programs and measures for social protection of the population within the funds allocated for these purposes from the regional budget, and also analyzes the costs of implementing regional programs and measures for social protection of the population;
- considers balances and reports on financial and economic activities of institutions and organizations subordinate to him;
- carries out, within the limits of its competence, measures to improve the organization and regulation of labor of employees of institutions and organizations subordinate to it.
3. In the field of training and advanced training of personnel:
- develops and implements training programs for the state system of social protection of the population, organizes training and advanced training of employees and specialists of social protection agencies and their control.
I. In the field of labor and labor protection, provision of social benefits and guarantees:
- takes measures to enhance the role of tariff agreements, collective agreements between employers, employees and trade unions;
- exercises control over the provision of guarantees for labor remuneration;
- studies the causes of collective labor conflicts and takes part in their resolution;
- develops and implements measures aimed at ensuring healthy and safe working conditions, compliance with the rules and regulations for labor protection of employees of institutions and organizations subordinate to him.
Department structure
The department is headed by the general director. He is appointed and dismissed by the head of the regional administration.
The General Director is personally responsible for the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to the Department and for the implementation of its functions.
The general director has deputies appointed and dismissed from office by the head of the regional administration on his recommendation.
Director General of the Department:
- distributes duties between his deputies;
- supervises the activities of the Department on the principle of one-man management;
- coordinates and controls the activities of institutions, organizations, enterprises subordinate to him;
- within the limits of its competence, issues orders, instructions and gives instructions that are binding on all subordinate organizations and bodies of the system of social protection of the population of the region;
- appoints and dismisses employees of the apparatus of the Department and heads of subordinate organizations, enterprises;
- imposes disciplinary sanctions on employees of the apparatus;
- submits, in accordance with the established procedure, especially distinguished workers for the assignment of honorary titles and awards;
- has other rights in accordance with applicable law.
A Collegium is formed in the Department. It includes: General Director (Chairman of the Board), his deputies, senior staff of the Department. The Board may include heads and specialists of subordinate and other organizations and institutions. The composition of the Board is approved by the resolution of the head of the regional administration.
The collegium of the Department for Social Protection of the Population of the Territory Administration was created in order to organize effective management of the system of social protection of the population of the Territory, for joint discussion and decision-making on the most important and complex issues of the Department's activities.
The Board at its meetings considers the most important issues of social protection of the population, the prospects for the activities of subordinate units, the selection, placement and education of personnel and other main issues of the Department's activities, develops the main directions for the development of the system of social protection of the population of the region.
The decisions of the Board are drawn up in minutes and are enforced by orders of the General Director.
The Department is in charge of the regional fund for social protection of the population, acting in accordance with the regulations on it, approved by the resolution of the head of the regional administration.
1.5. District (city) bodies of social protection of the population
District (city) bodies of social protection of the population are municipal government bodies in the structure of the administration of the district, city. They are subordinate to both the administration of the district, city, and the bodies of social protection of the population of the region, territory.
The Department of Social Protection of the Population of a District or City and its subordinate institutions of the system of social protection of the population ensure the implementation of the state policy in the field of pension provision; labor and labor relations; social guarantees and social support for elderly and disabled citizens, families, motherhood and childhood, development of a system of social services for the population.
The department is created, reorganized and liquidated by the decision of local self-government bodies. The Department in its activities is guided by the laws of the Russian Federation, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, decrees and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation and the region, region, the head of the administration of the region and city or district, orders and instructions, decisions of the superior body of social protection of the population of the region, region and others regulations.
In its structure, the Department of Social Protection of the Population has:
divisions:
- the pension department;
- Center for social assistance to families and children;
- Social rehabilitation center for minor children;
- social services;
- social hotel, etc.
The main tasks and functions of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the City or District is carried out in accordance with the "Regulations on the Department of Social Protection of the Population", which is approved by the head of the administration of the city or district.
The Department of Social Protection of the Population of the City Administration (hereinafter referred to as the Department) is a municipal governing body in the structure of the city administration and is subordinate in its activities to both the city administration and the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Territory Administration.
Let us consider how the Department of Social Protection of the Population functions on the example of the city of Armavir.
1. The administration and institutions of the social protection system subordinate to it ensure the implementation of state policy in the field of pension provision, labor and labor relations; social guarantees and social support for elderly and disabled citizens, families, motherhood and childhood, development of a system of social services for the population.
2. The Department carries out its activities in cooperation with local authorities, state extra-budgetary funds, savings banks, communication centers, enterprises, institutions, organizations, public associations, citizens. The Administration in its activities is guided by the laws of the Russian Federation, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, decrees and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation and Krasnodar Region, the head of the regional and city administration, acts of the Legislative Assembly of the Region, orders, instructions, resolutions of the superior body of social protection of the population of the Region and others. regulations.
3. The department is created, reorganized and liquidated by the decision of local self-government bodies.
4. Management is on the budget of the city.
5. The management is a legal entity, has an independent balance sheet, its own current account, official seal, stamps, letterheads, has the right of operational management of separate property and is responsible for its obligations with this property, can, on its own behalf, acquire and exercise property and non-property rights, bear obligations , be a plaintiff and a defendant in court.
The location of the office is Armavir, st. Turgenev, 106.
6. Management Structure:
divisions:
- the pension department;
- Department for Labor and Social Issues;
- centralized accounting;
subordinate institutions:
- Center for social assistance to families and children "Trust";
- Social and rehabilitation center for minors "Smile";
- social service service;
- social hotel;
- the center under construction "Nadezhda".
The main tasks of the Department of Social Protection of the Population
1. Participation in the development of forecasts for the socio-economic development of the city.
2. Development on the basis of forecasting social processes and implementation of city programs for social support of disabled people, senior citizens, families with children and low-income groups of the population.
3. Development of measures aimed at implementing the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of social protection of the population.
4. Organization of social support for families, mothers and children, senior citizens, veterans, people in extreme situations.
5. Ensuring the implementation of state policy in the field of pension provision, pension reform.
6. Protection of the rights of citizens, their interests, state guarantees provided for by the current legislation.
7. Implementation of measures for the practical implementation of state policy in the social and labor sphere.
8. Development of the system of social partnership and contractual regulation of labor relations.
9. Coordination of health and safety issues.
Functions of the Department of Social Protection of the Population
A. In the field of pension provision:
- ensures the correct and timely appointment, recalculation and payment of pensions, benefits and other compensation payments in accordance with applicable law;
- monitors the spending of funds intended for pension provision;
- conducts reception of citizens, representatives of enterprises, institutions and public organizations on pension legislation, gives the necessary consultations, provides legal assistance in the preparation of documents;
- considers complaints, applications and proposals of citizens and organizations on pension issues and prepares responses to them; analyzes the causes of complaints and applications and takes measures to eliminate them;
- leads the codification of pension legislation;
- generates and sends payment documents to the city center of the federal postal service and Sberbank branches, forms and sends postal orders, makes monthly payments with the communication center;
- monthly processes the executive machine charts and lists of Sberbank, prepares the corresponding reports based on the results for submission to the higher social protection body;
- Maintains all statistical and accounting reports on the assigned and paid amounts of pensions, draws up applications for the allocation of funds for payment, makes massive recalculations of pensions and replaces payment documentation;
- Keeps records of overpayments, develops measures for their repayment;
- ensures the accumulation and storage of information on a PC, masters and implements new software tools, organizes the reception and operation of new versions of programs, their installation;
- organizes documentary checks of communications enterprises, savings banks on the issues of targeted spending of funds, timely and correct payment of pensions, benefits, compensations;
- disposes of funds, appropriations for the payment of pensions, benefits, compensations, followed by reporting on all sources of funding to the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Territory Administration, the Treasury and local financial authorities;
- interacts with the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Regional Administration, the City Department of Finance, the Treasury, social insurance and other services in matters of financing.
B. In the field of social services:
- taking into account the socio-demographic characteristics of the city and the needs of various categories and groups of the population, makes proposals on the creation of municipal institutions of social services and social assistance for the disabled, elderly citizens, for low-income families and children without parental care, as legal entities;
- prepares documents for the placement of elderly citizens, disabled people, disabled children in the relevant state boarding schools;
- provides assistance in ensuring social protection of citizens who find themselves in extreme situations, including persons without a fixed place of residence and occupation, refugees, internally displaced persons;
- coordinates the activities of social service institutions located in the city, and provides them with organizational and methodological assistance;
- holds reception of citizens on issues of social protection of the population.
C. In the field of rehabilitation of disabled people:
- implements programs for social support of disabled people;
- prepares documents to provide disabled people with special vehicles;
- renders assistance to public associations of disabled people in their activities, in matters of improving the social status of disabled people, soldiers-internationalists and veterans;
- makes proposals for the creation and improvement of the activities of institutions of medical, social and professional rehabilitation of disabled people.
D. In the field of social support for senior citizens, veterans and other categories of citizens:
- carries out, within its competence, the development and implementation of city programs to improve the situation of senior citizens and veterans;
- carries out, within its competence, control over the implementation of social guarantees established by senior citizens and veterans and other privileged categories of citizens by the current legislation;
- coordinates the work of public organizations in improving the social situation of war veterans, internationalist soldiers, labor veterans, citizens affected by the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, former juvenile prisoners of fascist camps and other categories of citizens in need of social support:
- Provides citizens with documents giving the right to use benefits;
- Provides sanatorium vouchers for privileged categories of citizens and controls their use;
- makes compensation payments to privileged categories of citizens, provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
E In the field of social support for family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood:
- carries out the implementation of regional and city programs to improve the situation of the family, women and children, aimed primarily at providing support to those most in need of it;
- exercises, within the limits of its competence, control over the implementation of social guarantees established for families, women and children by the current legislation;
- makes the appointment and payment of monthly benefits for children;
- implements measures aimed at creating conditions for social adaptation and integration of children with disabilities into society;
- Provides social support to graduates of boarding schools who do not have parents or are left without care, at the initial stage of their independent life;
- Provides, together with executive authorities, non-governmental organizations and associations, recreation and health improvement of children during school holidays.
E. In the field of labor and labor protection:
- exercises control over the implementation of state policy in the field of labor, labor relations;
- "takes measures to enhance the role of tariff agreements, collective agreements, organizes work to conclude collective agreements at enterprises and organizations of the city;
conducts notification registration of collective agreements;
- monitors compliance with the labor legislation of the Russian Federation at enterprises and organizations of the city of all forms of ownership;
- coordinates the work on the preparation and conclusion of the "Agreement on social partnership" between the city administration, trade unions and producers;
- analyzes the wages prevailing in the city, monitors the level of minimum and maximum wages at enterprises;
- takes part in the work of the conflict commissions for the settlement of labor conflicts that have arisen at the enterprises of the city;
- in order to determine the standard of living of the population, according to a unified methodology, the calculation of the subsistence minimum for various socio-demographic groups of the population;
- analyzes the demographic situation in the city;
- organizes work within its competence to implement a unified state policy in the field of protection and improvement of working conditions;
- develops city programs for the protection and improvement of working conditions;
- analyzes the state of conditions and labor protection in the city;
- carries out work to create healthy and safe working conditions at work, prevent accidents and occupational diseases at enterprises, organizations and institutions of the city;
- carries out work to ensure the interaction of the city administration with state bodies of supervision and control on the issues of labor protection and working conditions;
- Carries out methodological management of the labor protection service of enterprises and organizations of the city.
Organization of activities of the Department of Social Protection of the Population
1. The Office advises the public through the media on social protection and labor relations. Interacts with the services of the Department for Social Protection of the Population of the Territory Administration.
2. The department exercises control over the quality and efficient work of subordinate institutions of social protection, as well as control over their financial and economic activities.
3. The department is headed by a chief, who is appointed and dismissed by the head of the city in agreement with the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Territory Administration.
The head is personally responsible for the implementation of the tasks assigned to the Department and for the implementation of its functions.
4. The head of the Directorate distributes duties between the deputy heads of the Directorate, manages the activities of the Directorate on the principles of one-man management, coordinates and controls the activities of the institutions under his authority within his competence, issues orders, instructions and gives instructions that are binding on all employees of the Directorate and the institutions under his jurisdiction.
The head of the Department approves the staffing table of subordinate institutions that are not legal entities, within the established wages fund and the number of its employees, as well as the estimate of costs for its maintenance within the funds allocated from the city budget, approves the regulations on the structural divisions of the Department, as well as the charter the provisions of the institutions subordinate to the Office; makes proposals for the appointment and dismissal of employees of the Office of the Office and the heads of subordinate institutions, imposes disciplinary penalties on employees of the Office, submits, in accordance with the established procedure, especially distinguished employees for the assignment of honorary titles and awards.
1.6. Department of Labor and Social Affairs
A structural subdivision of the Department of Social Protection is the Department for Labor and Social Issues, therefore, this department has the same tasks as the Department of Social Protection of the Population.
The following areas of social protection of the population are within the competence of the Department of Labor and Social Affairs:
a) social services;
b) rehabilitation of disabled people;
c) social support for senior citizens, veterans and other categories of citizens;
d) social support for family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood;
e) labor and its protection.
Organization of the activities of the Department of Labor and Social Affairs
The department monitors the quality and efficient work of subordinate institutions of social protection.
The department is headed by the head, who is appointed and dismissed by the head of the city in agreement with the head of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the City Administration.
The manager is personally responsible for the implementation of the tasks assigned to the department and for the implementation of its functions.
The head of the department distributes duties between specialists, manages the activities of the department on the principles of unified management, coordinates and controls the activities of the institutions under his authority within his competence, gives instructions that are binding on all employees of the department and the institutions under his authority.
The Pension Department is a structural subdivision of the Department of Social Protection of the Population.
The pension department of a city or district organizes its work either according to the district system, or with the use of functional specialization.
No matter how organized the work of the Pension Department, appointments, payments of pensions, office work, accounting operations are performed using computers.
If the Pension Department organizes its work according to the district system, then the city or district is divided into certain sections along the streets of the city or districts and post offices. Each section is headed by a specialist who receives citizens, accepts documents for the appointment of pensions, works with responsible representatives of enterprises, institutions, organizations, responds to letters from citizens, etc.
If the Pension Department builds work with the use of functional specialization, then the city or district is not divided into sections, and specialists in the appointment and payment of pensions are divided into certain groups. For example, one group of specialists only deals with the reception of citizens and documents for the appointment of pensions, another group prepares a draft decision of the commission on the appointment of pensions, the third group of specialists deals with the payment of pensions, etc. You can select as many groups of specialists as necessary for the successful operation of the region. In the Russian Federation, some pension departments organize work according to the precinct system, and some prefer functional specialization. The structure of such a Pension Department is shown in Fig. 2.
1.8. Pension Commissions
In close contact, regional, city bodies of social protection of the population work with the Commissions on Pension Issues, which are created under the trade union committee of the enterprise, institution, organization. The commission usually includes a lawyer of the company, a specialist in the HR department and an accountant. The task of this commission is the timely preparation of documents for the submission of employees of the enterprise to the appointment of pensions. The Commission assists employees in requesting the necessary documents for the appointment of pensions, prepares models of pension files, conducts explanatory work and propaganda of pension legislation. The Commission works on a voluntary basis.
1.9. Pension Commission
One of the bodies involved in the provision of pensions for workers is the Pension Commission. The composition of the Commission is approved by the administration of the city or district, the chairman of the Commission is the head of the district, city Pension Department, the Commission includes a representative of the district (city) financial body, a representative of the trade union organization of enterprises, institutions, organizations of the city or district. When assigning pensions to servicemen and their family members, the district (city) military commissar is present.
Functions of the Pension Assignment Commission:
- the appointment of pensions;
- refusal to grant pensions;
- recalculation of pensions;
- transfer from one type of pension to another;
- establishment of seniority according to testimony;
- consideration of controversial issues related to the calculation of seniority and earnings
The decision is made by the Commission by voting. The decision of the Commission is drawn up by a protocol, which is signed by all members of the Commission. If any of the members of the Commission does not agree with the opinion of others, then his dissenting opinion is drawn up separately and attached to the protocol.
In case of refusal to grant a pension or consideration of controversial issues, the applicant is summoned to the meeting of the Commission, to whom the reason for the refusal is explained with references to legislative acts and at the same time the procedure for appealing against the decision of the protocol of the commission is explained. If the applicant does not appear at the meeting of the Commission, then an extract from the minutes of the Commission is sent to him by mail within five days after the decision is made.
Recently, the practice of assigning pensions without a decision of the commissions, when the same type, simple pension cases are considered by one chairman of the Commission for the appointment of pensions and only he signs the protocol on the appointment of a pension. In all other cases, issues are decided by the Pension Commission.
1.10. Medical and social expertise
A special place in the system of management bodies for social protection of the population is occupied by the institutions of the state service of medical and social expertise (MSEC). In order to implement the Federal Law "On Social Protection of Disabled People in the Russian Federation", the Government of the Russian Federation adopted a resolution of 13.08.96, No. 965 "On the procedure for recognizing citizens as disabled." This resolution approved the "Regulations on recognizing a person as disabled" and "Model regulations on institutions of state expertise".
The main tasks of the institutions of the state service of medical and social expertise are to determine the group of disability, its causes (circumstances and conditions of occurrence), the timing and time of the onset of disability, the needs of the disabled person in various types of social protection.
Institutions in their activities are guided by federal laws, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, decrees and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, other regulatory legal acts, as well as the Regulations on Institutions.
When establishing disability, institutions are guided by the "Regulations on recognizing a person as a disabled person" approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Institutions carry out activities in cooperation with social welfare bodies, health care institutions, employment services and other bodies and institutions operating in the field of medical and social rehabilitation of disabled people, as well as with representatives of public organizations of disabled people.
The decision to establish disability is made collectively by a simple vote of the institution's specialists who conducted the medical and social examination, and is mandatory for implementation by the relevant state authorities, local government bodies, as well as organizations of all forms of ownership.
Institutions are responsible in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation for the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to them. Institutions in their activities use the forms of primary accounting and reporting documents and forms of strict reporting, approved in the prescribed manner.
The institution is managed by its head.
The head of the institution is appointed and dismissed by the body of social protection of the population of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which is in charge of the institution.
A person with a higher medical education is appointed to the position of the head of the institution.
The head of the institution performs the following functions:
- organizes medical and social expertise and ensures its high-quality performance;
- approves the structure, staffing and job responsibilities of employees;
- establishes wage rates (salaries) of employees on the basis of the Unified wage scale for wages of public sector employees in accordance with tariff and qualification requirements, determines the types and amounts of allowances, additional payments and other incentive payments within the funds allocated for labor remuneration;
- bears personal responsibility for the activities of the institution and the conduct of medical and social expertise of citizens.
Recognition of a person as a disabled person
Recognition of a person as a disabled person is carried out during a medical and social examination, based on a comprehensive assessment of his health and the degree of disability in accordance with the classifications and criteria approved by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation.
Depending on the degree of impairment of the body's functions and limitation of vital functions, a person recognized as a disabled person is assigned I, II or III disability group, and a person under the age of 16 is assigned a category “disabled child”.
Medical and social examination of a citizen is carried out in an institution at his place of residence or at the place of attachment to a state or municipal medical and preventive health care institution (hereinafter referred to as a health care institution).
In the event that, in accordance with the conclusion of a health care institution, a person cannot appear at an institution for health reasons, a medical and social examination can be carried out at home, in a hospital where a citizen is being treated, or in absentia on the basis of submitted documents with his consent or with consent his legal representative.
A citizen is sent for a medical and social examination by a health care institution or a body for social protection of the population.
A person without a definite place of residence is accepted for a medical and social examination in the direction of the body of social protection of the population.
The healthcare institution sends a citizen in the prescribed manner for a medical and social examination after carrying out the necessary diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures in the presence of data confirming a persistent violation of the body's functions caused by diseases, the consequences of trauma and birth defects.
In the direction of the health care institution, data on the state of health of the citizen are indicated, reflecting the degree of dysfunction of organs and systems, the state of the compassing capabilities of the body, as well as the results of the rehabilitation measures taken.
The form of sending a health care institution for medical and social expertise is approved by the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation.
Medical services required for medical and social expertise are included in the basic compulsory medical insurance program for citizens of the Russian Federation.
The body of social protection of the population may send for a medical and social examination a person who has signs of limitation of life and needs social protection, if he has medical documents confirming the violation of body functions caused by diseases, the consequences of injuries and birth defects.
The form of sending the body of social protection of the population for medical and social examination is approved by the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Russian Federation.
Health care institutions and bodies of social protection of the population are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the information specified in the direction for medical and social expertise, in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
In case of refusal of a health care institution or social protection body to send for a medical and social examination, the person or his legal representative has the right to apply to the medical and social examination bureau on his own if he has medical documents confirming the violation of body functions caused by diseases, consequences of injuries and birth defects , and the associated limitation of life.
1.11. All-Russian Society of Disabled People
The All-Russian Society of Disabled People (VOI) is a voluntary public organization of disabled people operating on the basis of its own Charter, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and current legislation throughout the Russian Federation.
The VOI carries out its activities under the leadership of its elected bodies, independently of political and public organizations, and is religiously neutral.
VOI builds its work on the basis of the Program of the All-Russian Society of Disabled People.
VOI goals:
- protection of the rights and interests of people with disabilities in the Russian Federation
- creation of conditions for disabled people that ensure equal opportunities with other citizens of the Russian Federation to participate in all spheres of society;
- integration of people with disabilities into society.
VOI tasks:
- to express and protect the legitimate interests and rights of persons with disabilities in central and local government and government bodies, using for this purpose the right to legislative initiative;
- to participate in the formation of state power and management bodies, in the development of decisions taken by them, in the cases and in the manner prescribed by law;
- to assist people with disabilities in the implementation of the benefits and advantages established by law, in obtaining medical care, education, employment, improving their material - situation, housing and living conditions, in the implementation of spiritual requests;
- to involve people with disabilities in the members of the Society, to widely promote the activities of the VOI;
- participate in programs conducted by other organizations and implement their own programs for medical, professional and social rehabilitation of disabled people;
- to interact with state and public organizations and movements acting in the interests of people with disabilities;
- to develop international relations of people with disabilities and organizations of people with disabilities;
- to organize scientific and sociological research on the problems of disability;
- to carry out entrepreneurial, economic, industrial and other activities not prohibited by law to ensure VOI programs and solve statutory tasks;
- freely distribute information about their goals and activities, carry out editorial and publishing activities in the prescribed manner, have their own print organs and other mass media.
VOI principles of activity:
- humanization and mercy;
- respect for the personal dignity and opinion of each disabled person, non-discrimination of disabled people depending on the category, cause and severity of the disability, age, gender, nationality;
- priority support for the members of the Society in the most difficult situation;
- election of all bodies from bottom to top;
- publicity in the work of the VOI bodies, the availability of information on the activities of the VOI, the obligatory consideration of the opinion of the members of the Society in the development and adoption of decisions; h
- feasible participation of VOI members in the work of VOI organizations, etc.
VOI members can be disabled people, parents, guardians and trustees of disabled people, as well as citizens actively working in the Company who have reached the age of 16, living on the territory of the Russian Federation, recognizing and fulfilling the VOI Charter and Program,
Termination of membership in the All-Russian Society of Disabled Persons is made:
- by personal written application of a member of the VOI;
- in case of expulsion from the members of the VOI.
Funds of the All-Russian Society of Disabled People are formed:
- from the entrance and membership fees of VOI members;
- income from entrepreneurial, economic, industrial, publishing and other activities not prohibited by law, lotteries, auctions, exhibitions and other events held by VOI;
- voluntary contributions and donations from legal entities and individuals;
- receipts from charity events;
- donations from institutions, organizations and citizens, including foreign ones;
- other income not prohibited by law.
The VOI funds are spent in accordance with the objectives and programs of the Society.
In the event of the termination of the activities of a VOI, its funds and property are used for the purposes and in the manner prescribed by this Charter.
1.12. All-Russian Society of the Blind
The All-Russian Society of the Blind (VOS) is a voluntary public organization of persons with disabilities of I and II groups of vision, created for the purpose of their social protection, acting on the basis of self-government in accordance with the Constitution and legislation of the Russian Federation.
The VOS operates under the leadership of its elected bodies on the basis of democratic principles.
Central, republican (republics within the Russian Federation) boards, as well as regional, regional, Moscow city and St. Petersburg boards (hereinafter local boards) VOS represent the Society in state, public and other organizations.
The All-Russian Society of the Blind, in cases and in the manner prescribed by law, has the right to initiate legislation and is authorized to submit to the relevant authorities draft laws, resolutions and proposals to amend and supplement legislation on issues related to the activities of the Society and the situation of the visually impaired.
The All-Russian Society of the Blind, independently or in blocs and movements, participates in elections to federal and local representative bodies, nominates candidates to the State Duma and the Federation Council, and to local representative bodies.
Goals and objectives of the VOS:
- protection of the rights and interests of the visually impaired;
- their social rehabilitation and integration;
- introduction to work, culture, sports;
- development of social activity;
- assistance to state and public organizations in solving these problems.
The main activities of the VOS:
- to identify blind citizens, keep records of them and involve them in the VOS members. To attract sighted citizens to participate in the work of the Society;
- to centralize the activities of the Company;
- together with government agencies, participate in the development of individual and comprehensive rehabilitation programs
vision and assist in their implementation;
For the implementation of statutory tasks, create republican, march, primary organizations and groups of VOS, production associations, educational and production and other enterprises, printing houses, publishing houses, cooperatives, design bureaus, supply bases, training institutes, rehabilitation institutes, schools for restoring the ability to work for the blind, specialized shops selling goods to the visually impaired, music and variety associations, houses of culture, clubs, sanatoriums, houses and recreation centers and other institutions;
- to organize the rational employment of the blind in their own enterprises and institutions, to take measures for the employment of the blind in state enterprises and institutions, in enterprises of other organizations, in agriculture; to assist them in the development of individual labor activity;
- to contribute to the creation of charitable conditions for the work of enterprises and organizations of biofeedback, the development of entrepreneurial activity in the Company;
- to develop inventive and rationalization activities at enterprises and organizations of VOS. To develop modern designs of technical devices, special devices that facilitate the work of the blind in space, to involve ministries, state committees, departments, research institutes and enterprises in this. Participate in the formation of an accessible life environment for people with disabilities ;,
- to sponsor boarding schools for the blind and visually impaired children, to help raise the general education level of blind adults and organize their teaching to read and write in Braille;
- create conditions for the development of the personality, the satisfaction of its spiritual issues. To carry out moral and aesthetic education, economic and legal education of the members of the Society;
- to establish newspapers and magazines, to publish scientific, technical, fiction and other literature;
- to assist health authorities in improving medical care for the blind, in carrying out work to prevent blindness; preservation of residual vision, as well as touch and hearing;
- take measures to improve consumer services and living conditions of the members of the Society. In accordance with the procedure established by law, distribute the living space built or purchased with the funds of the VOS;
- join international public organizations of disabled people, conclude agreements with them, participate in the implementation of activities that do not contradict the international obligations of the Russian Federation;
- establish relations with charitable foundations and organizations, organize work to collect voluntary donations for the benefit of the Society.
VOS members can be citizens of the Russian Federation permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Federation, who have reached the age of 14 and who are invalids of I and II groups of vision.
Visually impaired persons and visually impaired citizens who take an active part in the activities of the Society can also be members of the VOS.
Visually impaired groups I and II who are not members of the VOS are taken into account by the primary organizations of the VOS.
Principles of VOS activity:
- all governing bodies of the Society are elected by the members of the General Assembly and regularly report to them;
- the organizations of the Company carry out their activities on the basis of this Charter and decisions of the higher bodies of the Company; *
- decisions are made by majority vote;
- lower-level bodies are subordinate to higher-level bodies within the limits of their powers.
1.13. All-Russian Society of the Deaf
The All-Russian Society of the Deaf (VOG) is a voluntary public organization of people with disabilities of I and II groups of hearing, created for the purpose of their social protection, acting on the basis of self-government in accordance with the Constitution and legislation of the Russian Federation.
VOG operates under the leadership of its elected bodies on the basis of democratic principles.
The All-Russian Society of the Deaf, in cases and in the manner prescribed by law, has the right to initiate legislation and have the authority to submit to the relevant authorities draft laws, resolutions and proposals for amending and supplementing legislation on issues related to the activities of the Society and the situation of the hearing-impaired.
The All-Russian Society of the Deaf, independently or in blocs and movements, participates in elections to federal and local representative bodies, nominates candidates to the State Duma and the Federation Council, and to local representative bodies.
Objectives of FOG:
- protection of the rights and interests of people with hearing impairments;
- introduction to work, culture and sports;
- development of significant activity;
- assistance to state and public authorities in solving these problems.
Tasks of GOD:
- to identify deaf citizens, keep records of them and involve them in VOG members;
- to involve hearing citizens in the work of VOG;
-. jointly with state bodies to participate in the development of individual and comprehensive programs for the rehabilitation of hearing impaired and to assist in their implementation;
- to carry out industrial and vocational training and professional development of workers;
- to create conditions for the development of the personality of the hearing impaired, the satisfaction of their spiritual needs. To carry out moral and aesthetic education, economic and legal education of the members of the Society;
- to assist health authorities in improving medical care for the deaf and carrying out work to prevent deafness, preserve residual hearing;
- to patronize boarding schools for deaf and hard of hearing children, to help raise the general educational level of deaf adults;
- take measures to improve consumer services and living conditions of the members of the Society. In accordance with the procedure established by law, distribute the living space built or acquired with the funds of VOG;
- maintain contacts and business contacts with public associations and organizations dealing with the problems of disabled people;
- establish relations with charitable foundations and organizations, organize work to collect voluntary donations for the benefit of the Society;
- join international public organizations of disabled people, conclude agreements with them, participate in the implementation of activities that do not contradict the international obligations of the Russian Federation.
Members of the VOG may be citizens of the Russian Federation permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Federation, who have reached the age of 14 and who are invalids of groups I and II by hearing.
The members of the VOG may also be persons with hearing disabilities of the III group and hearing citizens who take an active part in the activities of the Society.
People with disabilities of I and II groups of hearing who are not members of the VOG are taken into account by the primary organizations of the VOG.
Control questions and tasks
1. What is the subject of social protection of the population in the Russian Federation?
2. How is the financing of social protection of the population of the Russian Federation carried out?
3. List the categories of citizens eligible for social protection.
4. Make a diagram of the state bodies of social protection.
5. Describe the direction of activity of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation.
6. Describe the main areas of work of the regional (regional) bodies of social protection of the population.
7. Tell us about state and non-state pension funds and their main areas of activity.
8. Give the structure of the Pension Department, describe the features of the organization of its work.
9. Tell us about the commission on pension issues, their role in the provision of pensions to workers.
10. Tell us about the commission for the appointment of pensions, its composition, organization of work.
11. Describe the role and importance in social protection of such bodies as MSEC, VOS, VOG and VOI.
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