Is it possible to put implants on the upper jaw. Features of implantation of upper teeth. Complications after dental implantation in the upper jaw

Anastasia Vorontsova

Today in the arsenal of dentists there are many ways to restore a beautiful smile to people who have lost their teeth.

The implantation of the front teeth located in the smile zone is a responsible task from the point of view of aesthetics. The front teeth are the most prominent of all.

The peculiarity of the restoration of the front teeth is that they are not intended for chewing and, therefore, the load on them should be minimal, and the visual effect should be the best.

During dental implantation, pins are used, which are implanted into the gum bone tissue. The part that protrudes above the gum serves to fix the crown.

When using abutments made of titanium, the metal can shine through the metal-ceramic crown, the gingiva may change color, and a gray band may appear at the point of contact of the crown with the gingiva.

Modern technologies provide for the manufacture of zirconium abutments. It is biocompatible and does not interact with tissues.

From the point of view of aesthetics, it is advisable to carry out the implantation of the anterior teeth in one stage.

In this case, a temporary crown is installed simultaneously with the implantation of the implant. The appearance of the patient with this approach does not visually suffer.

Features of implants for anterior teeth

In the smile zone, special dental implants are used, which have some features:

The anterior tooth implant should have a small diameter, which would make it possible to install it reliably and at the same time with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues.
Have a special thread design.

If these requirements for implants are met, the maximum volume of bone tissue is preserved, the soft tissues of the gums are not injured, and the engraftment process proceeds faster and more efficiently.

All this allows you to achieve the highest possible aesthetics of the anterior teeth.

How is

Front teeth implantation includes several stages.

Preparatory stage

At this stage, the planning of the future operation takes place, anamnesis is taken and a complete examination of the patient.

The patient prepares both physically and mentally for the operation.

Reorganization of the oral cavity is performed: caries treatment, canal filling, removal of decayed teeth, periodontitis treatment, professional teeth cleaning.
In the presence of severe forms of periodontal disease or periodontitis, these diseases are treated and the roots of the teeth are strengthened.
In the presence of atrophic changes in the bone tissue at the site of the implant installation, bone grafting is performed.
If dentures or crowns are found unsuitable for use, they are replaced taking into account the compatibility of materials in order to prevent their corrosion or galvanization.

Surgical stage

Local anesthesia or general anesthesia is performed prior to surgery. Generally acting pain relievers are used, their effect continues for another one and a half to two hours after the operation.

At the surgical stage, an anterior tooth implant is implanted into the jawbone in place of the former root.

The duration of the operation is thirty to fifty minutes.

Placement of the abutment (with the traditional method)

This procedure is a minimally invasive surgery. At this stage, the mucous membrane of the gums is injured.

Otropedic

This is the final stage of implantation. Prosthetics are performed: installation of a bridge, crown or removable structure.

Of all the above stages, the most important is the quality of the surgical stage.

Since it is precisely its correct conduct that affects how long the implant will be in operation.

Implant implantation methods

Two-stage. At the first stage, an impression is taken from the bone and an implant is made on it. At the second stage, the bone is prepared for implantation, the process of implantation and suturing of the gums.

One-stage. A jaw computed tomography is performed, based on the data obtained, a computer simulation of the implant is performed, and then its manufacture. Then the implant is inserted and the gums are sutured.

What material is it made of

For the manufacture of crowns for implants of anterior teeth, metal-free ceramics are most often used.

Artificial teeth made of zirconium and aluminum oxide are outwardly indistinguishable from real teeth, perfectly fulfill their functions and have an unlimited service life.

Advantages of installing prostheses made of aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide for implantation of anterior teeth:

Anterior implants made from these materials are highly durable and lightweight, which reduces stress on the gums.
Biocompatibility, hypoallergenicity of zirconium and aluminum oxide.
When using ceramics, the gingiva does not sink.
Tooth tissue and ceramics have the same properties: high thermal conductivity, refraction, color stability, light transmission.

To achieve an ideal implantation result, it is recommended to manufacture all components of the implant from metal-free ceramics.

Video: "One-step implantation in the area of the anterior tooth"

Advantages of one-stage implantation

It allows you to quickly and effectively correct defects in the front teeth, freeing the patient from psychological discomfort.
After installing the implant, a temporary crown is placed on the abutment, and the patient leaves the blade on the same day with new teeth.
A few hours after the operation, the patient is allowed to eat.

Laser application

To achieve the best effect of implantation of the anterior teeth, a laser is used. Unlike a scalpel, it significantly reduces the size of the operating field, shortens the operation time to 15-30 minutes, and reduces pain.
The laser beam cuts tissue and seals the vessels at the same time, making this method bloodless. The laser beam also has a disinfecting effect, preventing the development of the inflammatory process.
After applying the laser, a photocoagulation film is formed on the wound surface, which protects the wound from the influence of negative factors. All these properties of the laser allow bone tissue to recover faster, which helps to accelerate implant survival.
The use of laser implantation of anterior teeth does not cause negative sensations in the patient, it is a more gentle and minimally invasive method. After installing implants using a laser, the patient has the opportunity to immediately return to a full life.

Complications

Complications during the operation can be the result of errors of the dentist, and the reaction of the body.

The feeling of pain during the operation is associated with insufficient pain relief.
Bleeding into the paranasal sinuses.
Breakdown of bone tissue.
Overheating of bone tissue in the place of work with drills and burs.

At present, the use of modern equipment in cinemas allows us to reduce the risk of complications to nothing.

Complications after implantation

Soreness after surgery.
Puffiness.
Hematoma formation.
Increased body temperature after surgery.
Bleeding after implantation.
Postoperative inflammation. It can be the cause of infection due to insufficient cleaning of the bone bed, with poor oral care after implantation.
Divergence of seams.
Rejection of the implant, more often occurs as a result of the onset of the inflammatory process. In some cases, rejection can occur when the bone is burned as a result of its drilling. The presence of osteoporosis can also influence implant rejection.
The mobility of the installed implant. The process of strengthening the teeth in the jawbone continues for 14 to 20 days.
Increased reaction to sweet and cold foods.
Exacerbation of herpes.

Price

The price of installing implants on the front teeth is made up of many factors. The price includes: work of medical personnel, use of equipment, rent of premises, cost of consumables, payment for water and electricity, taxes of the clinic owner.

When installing the implant, a crown is still needed, the price of which is quite high. The most expensive implants are American and Swiss. The cheaper ones are South Korean and Israeli, which are no worse than the American ones, although they are half as cheap.

The cost of an implant is influenced by the shape and material from which it is made. Some configurations, such as root configurations, are initially expensive. If we add to it the cost of the uppermost part, then the price of implantation will be quite high.

You can also choose a more budgetary version of the crown, then the price will be lower.

In this situation, the cost depends primarily on the material from which the crown is made.

Upper teeth implantation requires high qualifications and professionalism of the dentist. This is due to the anatomical features of the upper jaw, increased requirements for the aesthetics of artificial teeth in the smile zone. Therefore, in order to avoid serious complications and gain a confident smile, trust the implantation to professionals.

Dental Center NovaDent offers effective restoration of upper jaw teeth at a price of 17,990 rubles. Read how dental implantation of the upper chewing, anterior teeth is carried out? What methods are used, what is the price of implantation of the entire jaw at the NovaDent clinic?

Service price

System	Price	Price with crown *
Alpha Bio (Israel)	25 000 ₽	from 49 000 ₽
NOBEL (Switzerland)	55 000 ₽	from 95,000 rub.
Astra TECH (Switzerland)	41 600 ₽	from 84 400 ₽
OSSTEM (South Korea)	17 990 ₽	from 43 000 ₽
Ankylos (Germany)	43 000 ₽	from 90 000 ₽
MIS (Israel)	27 000 ₽	from 55 000 ₽
Sinus lifting operation	from 25 000 ₽
All-on-4 Noris implantation	from 180 000 ₽
	from 230 000 ₽

System	Price	Price with crown *
Alpha Bio (Israel)	25 000 ₽	49 000 ₽
NOBEL (Switzerland)	55 000 ₽	95 000 ₽
Astra TECH (Switzerland)	41 600 ₽	84 400 ₽
OSSTEM (South Korea)	17 990 ₽	43 000 ₽
Ankylos (Germany)	43 000 ₽	90 000 ₽
MIS (Israel)	27 000 ₽	55 000 ₽
Sinus lifting operation	25 000 ₽
All-on-4 Noris implantation	180 000 ₽
All-on-6 Osstem implantation	230,000 ₽

* Cermet. Turnkey implant installation price -.

Features of implants of the upper jaw

The implantation of upper teeth is considered one of the most difficult tasks of restorative dentistry. When replacing losses in this part of the jaw system, the dental surgeon needs to consider many factors.

Difficulty # 1: Bone tissue condition.

The roots of the chewing teeth of the upper jaw are located very close to the maxillary sinuses. Since the density of the tubular bone of this jaw is lower than on the lower one, the absence of roots in this area provokes intensive destruction of bone tissue up to a complete loss of the original volume.

As a result of a deficiency of bone tissue, it becomes impossible to install a dental implant without additional manipulations, since the risk of damage or perforation of the maxillary sinus increases.

Solution: Before implantation, we conduct a thorough diagnosis of the patient's jaw system. Diagnostics includes orthopantomogram, computed tomography of the jaw. Based on the data of a three-dimensional examination, the implantologist assesses the degree of bone tissue atrophy, features of the location of the infraorbital and facial nerves, and develops the optimal treatment strategy.

With an insufficient volume of the tubular bone, a sinus lifting operation is performed - an analogue of bone grafting. During the operation, the volume of the maxillary sinus is reduced, its bottom is corrected, and the resulting space is filled with synthetic bone filler.

It may seem that there is no difference between the implantation of the upper and lower dentition. This opinion is erroneous, since the jaws have a different structure and density of bone structures. This is due to the physiological characteristics of the human body: while chewing food, the upper jaw experiences less stress than the lower. The jaw bones of the upper dentition have a looser structure and rather become thinner with the loss of one or more elements. For this reason, an operation to build up the missing tissue is often required before implantation of the upper teeth.

The main danger of upper teeth implantation is that they are located next to the maxillary sinuses. If the length and width of the bone is insufficient during the restoration of the canines and lateral incisors, there is a risk of damage to the maxillary sinuses. For this reason, bone grafting may be required prior to implantation.

Features of implantation of teeth of the upper row

Let us consider in more detail the features that doctors should take into account when implanting the upper jaw.

The need to create a natural gum contour. If this rule is not taken into account, then others will notice the replacement of a natural tooth with an artificial one. In order to bring the contours of the implant as close as possible to the natural tissues of the tooth, a one-stage operation is performed with the load of the structure with a temporary crown. This is done so that the prosthesis supports the soft tissues and does not allow them to atrophy.

The importance of accurate placement of the restorative structure. This is especially true for the restoration of the anterior upper teeth. If the root of the implant is installed in the wrong place, then this will create difficulties in further fixing the coronal part of the product. To exclude such a problem allows computed tomography, which makes it possible to study the bones of the upper jaw in detail.

Selection of implants of a special structure. For prosthetics of the missing units of the upper jaw, only implants with a small diameter and a special type of thread are used for less trauma to the soft tissues of the gums.

The importance of choosing a material suitable for aesthetic characteristics. Zirconium constructions are used instead of metal pins on which the crown is placed. This is due to the fact that the metal shines through the crown, which can negatively affect the appearance of the entire structure. The material used to create the crown must also meet high aesthetic qualities. For this purpose, ceramics or zirconia are used.

Results of CT of the jaw before implantation

Types of implantation for edentulous upper jaw

Two-stage standard surgery for the edentulous upper jaw is rarely used. Typically, dental clinics offer patients the following types of operations:

All on 4 and other types of procedures;
zygomatic implantation.

An important advantage of the techniques is that there is no need to build up the missing bone tissue, as well as the possibility of installing a fixed prosthesis immediately after surgery.

All on 4

The prosthesis is placed on 4 or 6 pins implanted into the jawbone. The first variant of prosthetics is used to restore the integrity of the row in the elderly and women. In adult men, chewing activity is higher, therefore, All on 6 implantation will be more appropriate for them.

Patients are advised to undergo a CT scan prior to surgery. This examination allows specialists to bypass the areas with the lowest bone density during implantation. CT in 98-100% of cases relieves patients from the need for sinus lifting.

Indications for the operation All on 4:

periodontal disease;
periodontitis;
the need for immediate loading of a removable or fixed prosthesis;
one-stage implantation;
inability to perform sinus lifting for any reason.

All on 4 and All on 6 provide a number of benefits:

the ability to restore missing elements in 1 day;
even distribution of the chewing load over the entire dentition;
prevention of possible processes of bone tissue atrophy;
the possibility of intervention in diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disorders.

In the latter case, the operation is possible due to the low trauma of soft tissues and the use of local anesthesia.

Let's take a closer look at the stages of implantation using the All on 4 technology:

Carrying out diagnostic measures - 3D modeling, CT.
Implantation of pins: straight front teeth, side teeth obliquely. The parameters are determined individually for each person, taking into account the anatomical features of the structure of his upper jaw.
Taking impressions from the jaw for the manufacture of fixed temporary prostheses. The impressions are usually taken by a specialist in the dental laboratory.
Installation of temporary prostheses on abutments screwed to the post.

After the operation, the patient can eat and drink after 2 hours. However, in the first 2 weeks, it is worth reducing the chewing load on the installed structures. For this, it is recommended to eat chopped food and refuse coarse food.

Zygomatic implantation

The Zygoma operation is used in severe clinical cases:

with thinning of bone structures in all departments;
with complete adentia of the upper row;
in the presence of maxillofacial injuries and benign neoplasms in the past.

Complete dentition of the upper jaw

The essence of the intervention lies in the fact that a long implant is fixed in the tissues of the cheekbone. This site is selected because it is not prone to atrophy. 3D modeling allows you to plan the course of the procedure and take into account important nuances.

The advantages of the implant used during the Zygoma operation:

a smaller volume of the diameter of the cylinder of the pin, which reduces the invasiveness of the intervention;
the ability to output the support for the bridge under the required axle.

How much is required for the engraftment of the implant? The average term is 4-6 months. Secondary stabilization requires another 4-5 months. The terms of rehabilitation depend on the patient's state of health and his ability to follow the doctor's recommendations. The implant takes the longest to take root in people suffering from diabetes mellitus. The recovery period is lengthened by bad habits and non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.

To restore missing elements in the upper jaw, mini-implants can be used, which differ from conventional products by a thinner rod. This simplifies the operation and shortens the rehabilitation period.

Ways to restore the upper front teeth

The upper dentition is restored by means of a classic two-stage puncture. This restoration method achieves optimal esthetic performance. With this type of operation, the doctor takes into account the smallest details and adheres to the following algorithm of actions:

evaluates the thickness and strength of the bone tissue of the upper jaw;
advises sinus lifting in case of insufficient quality of the jaw bones;
implants titanium pins into the bone, which are substitutes for the natural root system;
installs a gingiva shaper to correct the appearance of mucous structures;
forms a prosthesis.

A significant drawback of two-stage implantation is the duration of the procedure (up to 18 months). Most of the time to restore the teeth of the upper jaw will have to be spent by people who have a history of a lack of thickness of the jaw bone tissue and other diseases that prevent the prosthesis from being fixed ahead of time.

If a sinus lift is not performed with poor quality of the jaw bones, then after implantation the following dangerous consequences may occur:

falling out of the structure from the hole;
injury to the maxillary sinuses;
meningitis.

Restoration of chewing teeth

The main purpose of the considered group of elements is food grinding. The upper teeth are more susceptible to destructive processes than the lower ones. When restoring chewing upper dentists often face problems of jaw atrophy, in the presence of which patients are offered a one-stage implantation. Using this technique, you can also restore the end defects of the row.

End defect of the dentition

One-stage implantation of the upper teeth offers a number of advantages:

the ability to avoid sinus lift;
maintaining the health of the oral cavity;
the ability to consume food 2 hours after the intervention.

Procedure steps

The operation to install an implant on the upper jaw has its own functional and aesthetic nuances. Difficulties in carrying out the intervention are associated with insufficient bone density of the upper jaw. For this reason, specialists try to use only modern technologies for the operation. Also, the patient is assigned additional preparatory measures:

CT examination;
otolaryngologist consultation.

With the help of modern technologies, aesthetic problems are also solved, which may arise due to an incorrect gum contour or the position of the implant at the wrong angle. Computer models make it possible to correctly determine the area of implantation of the post and the parameters of the coronal part of the prosthesis (color, shape, size).

Implantation can involve the restoration of one or a number of elements. The optimal type of intervention is selected by a specialist after all the necessary diagnostic studies.

Implantation of teeth of the upper jaw is one- and two-stage. In the first case, the installation of the titanium rod is performed immediately after the extraction of the tooth; in the second, it can take up to 4 months between the removal of the native and the installation of the artificial element.

When restoring anterior elements, it is important that artificial dentures do not differ in appearance from the adjacent natural teeth. In this case, the dental technician must work in conjunction with the implantologist.

Disadvantages of implantation

Doctors have to solve a fairly wide range of problems during the procedure to restore the integrity of the upper row. Also, the specialist must be extremely careful during the operation in order to prevent the dangerous consequences of the intervention. Despite the advantages of implantation, the procedure also has a significant drawback - the price. This is a more expensive method in comparison with prosthetics, due to the high cost of the materials used and the long service life of the implants.

Complications are much more common after upper jaw surgery. However, in general, negative consequences after the intervention are noted in extreme cases. This is due to the fact that the technique of dental restoration with the help of implants is well developed and studied.

The consequences usually manifest themselves with insufficient qualifications of the doctor who performed the operation and if the patient does not follow the recommendations in the recovery period. Complications appear in the form of:

pain in the jaw;
bleeding gums;
swelling of the soft tissues of the mouth;
numbness of the mouth and lips;
rejection of materials from which the product is made;
divergence of seams;
increased body temperature;
mobility of an artificial tooth.

Jaw pain is often noted immediately after the anesthetic ends. The symptom is considered normal and is associated with damage to the soft tissues of the gums and bone structures of the jaw during the implantation. If the operation took place without complications, then the symptom disappears on its own for 3-4 days. To reduce the intensity of pain, you need to take an analgesic. Discomfort that manifests itself for more than 4 days is a reason for a second visit to the doctor.

Puffiness is also a reaction to soft tissue damage during implantation. In a normal state, the symptom can be noted for about a week after the intervention. A dangerous symptom is an increase in edema in size and its spread to neighboring tissues. At home, you need to apply a cold compress to the problem area. It will allow you to slightly relieve discomfort before visiting a specialist.

Jaw numbness is observed in the first 4-5 hours after the end of the anesthetic drug. Long-term persistence of numbness should not be ignored.

Bleeding in the first days after the operation to insert an artificial tooth is a normal reaction of the body. The appearance of a symptom can also be triggered by taking medications aimed at reducing blood clotting. Severe bleeding that does not stop within 2-3 hours is an alarm signal indicating the possible development of a hematoma, vascular damage.

Hyperthermia in the first days after the intervention is also not considered an abnormal sign. The reason for going to the doctor is a high temperature that persists for more than 3 days (more than 38.5 degrees). This condition indicates a possible infection of the surgical site or rejection of the artificial tooth.

The likelihood of complications depends not only on the literacy of the doctor's work, but also on the patient's behavior in the postoperative period. After the operation, it is necessary to more thoroughly clean the oral cavity from food debris and dental plaque in order to avoid infection of the sutured gum. Also, hygiene measures will minimize the negative impact on the implant.

Several factors affect the cost of the operation:

the need for bone grafting;
the quality of the materials used;
clinic pricing policy;
professionalism of the doctor.

The cost of the procedure in Moscow, excluding bone grafting, is 30-70 thousand rubles, with sinus lifting - up to 120 thousand rubles. To this cost it is necessary to add the price of crowns: metal ceramics - from 10 thousand rubles, whole ceramics - up to 50 thousand rubles, zirconium - up to 35 thousand rubles.

Dental implantation of the upper jaw is a complex procedure that requires high competence and professionalism from the doctor performing the operation. Negative consequences after the procedure rarely appear, but basically they are all associated with the wrong behavior of a person in the rehabilitation period or a doctor's mistake. Signs requiring a secondary visit to a doctor are profuse bleeding from the operating field, intense pain for 4 days, high temperature for more than 3 days, severe swelling of the soft tissues of the mouth.

After losing a tooth, you need to restore it as soon as possible. For this, implantation is often used. This method will allow you to restore a tooth without damaging the neighboring ones. The procedure requires the utmost skill on the part of the doctor, especially the implantation of the upper teeth, most of which are clearly visible when smiling. Why? The upper jaw has anatomical features that require a more thorough professional approach than the lower one. You will find all the details on this topic in our today's article.

Features of implantation of upper teeth

The implantation of implants into the upper jaw has a number of features related to the anatomy of the jaws and aesthetics. These include:

fixed connection of the upper jaw,
the upper chewing units are located near the maxillary sinus: before implantation, for this reason, it is necessary to identify its condition, as well as the condition of the maxillary sinuses, internal nasal septum and mucous membrane. Due to the presence of diseases or inflammatory processes in these systems, implantation can be postponed until they are eliminated or even prohibited. Also, the proximity of the sinuses with the unprofessionalism of the doctor or with the wrong approach can lead to their injury at the time of installation of artificial roots, to the occurrence of chronic sinusitis and even meningitis,
adherence to the upper jaw of the infraorbital nerve and infraorbital foramen: if they are located too close to the place where the implant is planned to be installed, you need to properly calculate its location or refuse implantation in favor of another type of prosthetics,
the upper jaw has low-density bone tissue, since when chewing it is loaded less than the lower one: in addition, after the loss of a tooth, the bone undergoes atrophy very quickly. For this reason, before the implantation procedure, there is often a need for bone grafting, namely, sinus lifting. The need for the procedure can also be caused by the low location of the maxillary sinus,
the anterior elements of the upper jaw are visible when talking and smiling, which means that the aesthetics of artificial structures must be at the highest level: when carrying out the procedure for installing a titanium root, it is important that the gum contour is correctly developed, the implant has the desired slope, and the load on the tooth is accurately calculated. For this purpose, computer technologies are used to make the necessary calculations.

It is worth noting that due to the looseness of the bone tissue of the upper jaw, implants here, as a rule, take root for 1-2 months longer than on the lower one. And the percentage of engraftment of artificial roots itself is slightly lower - on average, it is 96-98% (versus 98-99%).

In general, from all of the above, it can be concluded that implantation from above is more difficult to carry out than from below, especially if there is multiple or complete adentia - in this case, with all his professionalism, the doctor should also take into account the fact that for reliable support under the prosthesis and the functionality of the entire system more titanium rods will be required. But from above, you can use special elongated models of implants, which are fixed in the deepest parts of the bone tissue and even go beyond it. But let's talk about everything in order.

Summary table of differences between upper and lower jaw

Peculiarities	Upper	Lower
Anatomical features	Proximity of the maxillary sinuses and infraorbital nerve	The main branch of the trigeminal nerve passes here
Bone quality	Thin, soft, loose, usually less than the bottom	Generally has good volume and density
Atrophic processes	After tooth extraction, it decreases very quickly	Decreases in volume rather slowly
Survival of implants	96-98%	98-99%
Osseointegration process	On average, lasts from 4 to 6 months	Average 3-4 months
Chewing load level	Average	Very tall, can reach 100 kg per tooth
The need for bone augmentation	In 90% of cases, with a prolonged absence of one tooth, a sinus lift is required first.	Preliminary bone grafting is required in 40% of cases with prolonged absence of teeth

What problems arise if there is no top row

The absence of anterior upper teeth is, first of all, a big aesthetic and psychological problem. Due to the fact that the patient cannot fully smile and speak, he begins to be shy, withdrawn, denies himself the pleasure of sincerely laughing and eating food where others can see his problem.

The absence of chewable upper units, although not so visually noticeable to others, is also reflected in the appearance, because if they are not there, then the muscles and skin of the face lose support, become flabby, sag, which outwardly makes a person very old and gives him extra years of life.

The loss of upper units affects diction and articulation, the process of chewing food. The inability to chew normally leads to gastrointestinal problems.

Indications and contraindications for implantation

Implants can be installed on the upper jaw in the following cases: there is a single defect in a row, there are no several consecutive teeth (two or more), complete adentia.

It is very important to exclude all possible contraindications before implantation - about them in detail. For this, blood and urine tests are taken, plus computed tomography is performed to exclude sinusitis, chronic sinusitis and maxillary sinus cysts. Computed tomography also allows you to determine the condition of the patient's bone tissue and which implants are best to use. Additionally, the patient can be referred for treatment to an ENT specialist to eliminate pathologies or inflammatory processes of the maxillary sinus.

Advantages and disadvantages of implantation

The advantages include: the ability to recreate the lost units in such a way that they will look as natural as possible in a row, the preservation of the tissues of healthy teeth, and a durable result.

The disadvantages of the procedure include the high cost of the service, the presence of contraindications, the risk of complications. However, complications can be minimized by choosing a professional and truly experienced doctor.

Another disadvantage is that the implantation of the upper jaw is often complicated by the improper condition of the bone tissue, i.e. her atrophy, and the proximity of the maxillary sinuses. As a result, the doctor has to solve a number of problems at once against the background of adentia and at the same time be extremely careful.

Most suitable implants

The qualities that artificial roots for the upper row should have include: the most physiological tapered shape, small diameter (in most cases), high strength, high rates of primary and subsequent stability, a high survival rate, the possibility of oblique installation in the sinus zone to reject bone plastics to involve a larger volume of tissue (if all or almost all of the teeth are missing).

The presented models should be suitable for immediate loading of a fixed prosthesis, so that the patient has the opportunity to quickly and most naturally restore the aesthetics of the smile, and also not to worry that the structures will fall out of the mouth at the most inopportune moment.

What is also important - they must maintain the aesthetics of the smile in the long term, i.e. after years of their operation. This is especially important for restorations in the anterior zone. Indeed, one of the most common problems of patients a few years after treatment is the exposure of the neck of the titanium rod due to the resorption of the marginal bone located in the area of contact of the implant with the mucosa. In general, this process is natural and inevitable, but there are models that prevent it and slow it down to the maximum. These are premium brands, of which Nobel, Astra Tek and Strauman are recognized as the best in this regard.

On a note! To solve the problems of extreme atrophy from above and the rejection of bone grafting, the most professional doctors offer patients zygomatic implants, which, when inserted, pass through the central, cortical and basal parts of the bone and are firmly fixed in the cheekbone. These models have unrivaled stability and can be immediately loaded with a fixed prosthesis. The most popular and quality representative in this area is the Zygoma model from Nobel. There are elongated models in the assortment of Biomed, Radix, Noris Medical, Southern Implants (of those listed in our country, only Nobel and Biomed are more popular).

The type of implant that will be used in a particular case depends on the size of the lost tooth, the state of the jaw bone tissue and other factors. If the implant is selected taking into account all the features and contraindications, then it will take root without problems.

When there is a need for a sinus lift

The upper jaw, as mentioned above, has a smaller thickness and bone density, because most of the load during chewing falls on the lower row. With the loss of the upper teeth, the already insufficiently voluminous tissue begins to atrophy. For this reason, it is not always possible to carry out implantation immediately after the loss of a tooth.

So, if a patient needs a single restoration, then a sinus lift must be done first. At the same time, if an increase in a small volume of tissue is required, then the sinus lift can be closed, and allows the simultaneous installation of implants. If the tissues are severely atrophied, then an open and more traumatic type of this procedure is performed, and then it is already possible to use the classical two-stage implantation, but only after complete healing of the tissues, i.e. about six months after the operation.

So, we repeat, sinus lifting will need to be performed only in the following cases:

one or more teeth have been missing for a long time,
the patient is shown a two-stage implantation protocol.

Should a sinus lift be performed if you have multiple or complete adentia? If, for some reason, the restoration will be carried out by a classical two-stage implantation (which, in principle, is impractical and very expensive), then, yes, it is needed. If the doctor offered you one of the one-stage treatment protocols with immediate loading of the prosthesis (we will talk about them later), then in 99% of cases the procedure is unnecessary or it can be carried out in conjunction with the installation of implants.

What methods of implantation are possible with edentulous upper jaw

It is possible to carry out implantation for the upper row using several key techniques. Which one to use depends on the number of teeth that need to be restored, on how long ago they were lost, on the accompanying problems (for example, diabetes or smoking).

1. Two-stage implantation to restore 1 missing tooth

Two-stage implantation takes about six or more months in relation to the treatment time. Sometimes - up to one and a half years. But there are no worthy alternatives to the method if you have not had one or several upper teeth for a long time - this is evidenced by the reviews of professional doctors.

Important! The classic two-stage approach places high demands on the quality of the patient's bone tissue, and if its volume is insufficient, then a sinus lift is mandatory. Otherwise, there is a risk that the doctor injures the maxillary sinuses when installing the implants, or that the artificial roots simply have nowhere to be securely fixed, because the classical models are implanted just into the central cancellous bone, which undergoes atrophy after tooth extraction.

The operation of sinus lifting with prolonged absence of teeth from above is simply necessary in 90% of all cases, because the bone on top is already thin enough, and with adentia it quickly and strongly atrophies. The procedure requires a long, at least six months, rehabilitation period, and only after the tissues have healed, one can think about installing a titanium rod. After the implantation of the titanium structure into the bone, they again wait until the tissues are completely restored.

The main advantage is that as a result the patient gets a really very beautiful smile. And the main disadvantage is the need to be treated for a very long time and go through 2-3 surgical stages. Plus, between all stages of treatment, it will be impossible to do without removable dentures, which do not look very natural and can generally fall out of the mouth, which makes the patient hide his smile from others and feel shy.

2. One-stage implantation to restore most or a complete row

It involves only one surgical stage of treatment (direct implantation of implants, removal of destroyed units, if necessary, is carried out simultaneously), rejection of bone grafting, immediate installation of fixed prostheses and no need to wear removable structures.

This method is excellent for restoring all teeth in the upper jaw. It includes several approaches at once, therefore, even with contraindications to two-stage implantation, health problems (diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, periodontitis), extreme bone tissue atrophy, it allows not to carry out bone augmentation and immediately put a functional prosthesis, splinting and uniting all titanium rods. The stronger and more pronounced the atrophy, the more implants are able to solve the problem quickly and efficiently.

In particular, such treatment protocols as all-on-6, basal complex, or - the cost of such treatment is quite democratic compared to the classical approach, in addition, the prosthesis is placed almost immediately - 2-3 days after fixation of the implants. That is, both aesthetics and functionality are fully restored in just a few days.

On a note! One-stage implantation methods will be an excellent solution for those patients who, in addition to atrophy and adentia, have a number of other serious problems and contraindications to the classic two-stage treatment protocol: diabetes mellitus, old age, a tendency to bad habits (in particular, smoking), osteoporosis, periodontitis.

3. Zygomatic or trans-zygomatic implantation

This protocol is suitable for the implantation of the upper chewing teeth or for solving the problem of complete edentulousness. But, it actually refers to the one-step immediate loading technology we described above. However, it is worth mentioning it separately. Zygomatic implants are longer than classical and basal ones, they can be used in any of the one-stage complexes along with classical models in the amount of 2, 4 or 6 pieces - this is done to enhance the effect and to achieve the highest quality result, and also with the most extreme atrophy of bone tissue (previously, for such patients, there were no high-quality and quick solutions at all, at least without preliminary bone augmentation).

Zygomatic implants involve the zygomatic bone, which is not subject to atrophy and resorption, are distinguished by the highest primary stability, and allow fixed prostheses to be fixed in 1-3 days. However, in order for their installation not to be fraught with complications (rejection, peri-implantitis, sinusitis, chronic rhinitis or sinusitis), a high level of professionalism of the doctor is required and even more thorough preparation for treatment - excluding inflammation of the maxillary sinus, multispiral tomography of the jaw, working out the surgical stage at lithographic models created with a 3D printer. In Russia, those who have the right to use this treatment protocol can be counted on one hand.

4. One-time implantation

If there are indications for tooth extraction, then take the opportunity to carry out one-step implantation and leave the dentist's office without "gaps" in a smile. True, at first there should be an opportunity to prepare for treatment and exclude all contraindications, otherwise the method cannot be used.

With this approach, the doctor will simultaneously remove the destroyed unit and replace it with an artificial root. Moreover, when restoring frontal defects, there is a high probability that a crown will be installed immediately. Although the crown will be removed from the bite for safety (it cannot be fully loaded until the implants have completely engrafted), it will be immediately non-removable and very aesthetic.

After implantation of the upper chewing teeth, you will most likely have to wear removable dentures for about six months, waiting for the tissues to heal, but you will save time, and subsequently you will not have to build up bone tissue.

Prosthetic options: delayed, immediate and early prosthesis placement

Of course, in order to quickly achieve aesthetics, patients want to immediately have a fixed denture. And this is possible if your smile defects were restored using one-stage implantation methods, implying immediate stress. In some cases, immediate prosthetics can be carried out when you immediately removed a tooth and immediately replaced it with an implant - in particular, a fixed crown will be placed if the frontal unit was restored, which does not bear a strong chewing load.

But with the classic two-stage approach, when you need to restore 1-2 long-lost units, you have to put up with the need to first wear a removable denture, because non-removable can be delivered only after complete engraftment of artificial roots.

Also, the removable structure will have to be worn with one-step technology, for example, if the upper chewing element was restored. But, if you give preference to certain models of artificial roots that have the highest rates of primary stability and promote rapid regeneration of bone structures, for example, Nobel or Straumann, then you can count on early or accelerated loading with a fixed crown - the installation of such an orthopedic structure feasible within 2-4 weeks after the implantation of a titanium rod due to its unique characteristics.

List of requirements for upper teeth implantation

1. Achievement of high aesthetics of a smile

If the patient has several defects that need to be repaired, then in order to create a smooth gingival contour of the smile, it is necessary to wear a gingiva former for several weeks - it is installed only after the implants have completely engrafted in the bone tissue, i.e. about 3-6 months after their implantation. If these measures are insufficient, gingivoplasty is additionally recommended. This approach to achieving smile aesthetics is characteristic of the two-stage classical implantation method.

On a note! To make the smile zone look beautiful, the patient is better off choosing prostheses made of highly aesthetic materials that have a shine and whiteness like natural enamel. For example, from zirconium dioxide or ceramic composite. But metal ceramics, although it looks quite attractive, is not without its drawbacks. First, it may not be suitable for allergy sufferers. Secondly, the metal can show through the ceramics, which will be noticeable with single restorations of the anterior units. Plus, the metal can oxidize and stain the mucous membrane with a bluish tint, which is again noticeable with single restorations, when an artificial gum is not provided on the prosthesis.

If there is complete or multiple adentia, and smile defects are restored using one-stage treatment protocols with immediate loading, then additional complex and costly manipulations will not be required - the prosthesis will already be equipped with a thin and most natural gingival margin, which will simply hide all the imperfections and irregularities of the mucosa from prying eyes and allows you to smile in all 32 teeth without hesitation.

2. High accuracy of positioning of implants

Today, it can be achieved with the help of modern research methods and advanced computer technologies, which allow planning the surgical stage of treatment in advance in 3D and calculating all possible errors. Surgical guiding stencils, lithographic models of the jaw (for their creation, the clinic must be equipped with a 3D printer) will also help to achieve high accuracy of positioning of implants and eliminate the likelihood of injury or damage to the maxillary sinuses.

The most progressive clinics today already use the Nobel X-guide program, which allows the installation of artificial roots with millimeter accuracy using special intraoral sensors.

3. The use of certain models of implants

Artificial roots should have high primary stability and the ability to be installed in the lateral zones at an angle to avoid injury to the maxillary sinuses. Modern medicine allows even patients with very severe atrophy in the upper jaw to recover without bone grafting using elongated zygomatic models that involve not only all layers of the bone, but also the cheekbone itself. Also, for the upper jaw, models are often used that work well in confined spaces, with a narrow alveolar ridge, for example, the thin Roxolid from Straumann, created from titanium and zirconia.

How to create high esthetics for the anterior part of the teeth?

Implantation of anterior teeth in the upper jaw is complicated by the fact that it is not at all easy to form an ideal attractive gingival contour in its area. It is also not easy to form the desired axis of inclination of the implants. But these difficulties can be easily solved using computer modeling.

With the help of virtual implantation, the angle of inclination of the structure and their most suitable position are selected. The surgical template obtained in this way can be easily transferred to the real jaw.

In addition, the teeth of the upper jaw, visible when smiling, are generally recommended to be restored using one-step technology. An artificial root is placed immediately after tooth extraction, while the level of bone tissue and gums is preserved.

It is also important that artificial anterior prostheses look as natural as possible against the background of living teeth. For this purpose, professional orthopedists again recommend the use of highly aesthetic materials such as zirconia or ceramic composite to create prostheses. Implants for the anterior teeth or their suprastructures (abutments) in the upper jaw can also be made of ceramic or zirconia. For example, at Straumann, these are Pure ceramic models or a combination of titanium and zirconium dioxide in the Roxolid model. They will not show through the artificial crown and at the same time are quite durable. In addition, they are great for patients with metal allergies.

Removable dentures on implants with complete adentia

If the entire row is missing in the upper jaw, implantation is an excellent solution to this problem. But the installation of permanent fixed prostheses on artificial roots is more expensive than removable ones. Therefore, some patients choose this option for solving the problem. Indeed, in comparison with simply removable dentures with suction cups, this is quite convenient, since such a design does not block part of the palate, does not complicate chewing and does not disrupt the activity of taste buds. Such prostheses can be attached using a special beam or spherical. Unlike non-removable ones, these can be easily removed by the patient himself - but this should be done only on the basis of extreme necessity.

It is also possible to use mini-implants: this method involves the use of small titanium posts. They serve less than the classic ones. After a few years, the entire system is worn out, and the structures need to be replaced with new ones.

What are the alternatives to implantation

To restore the upper jaw, you can use classic removable devices or fixed bridges (if there are "supports" for them). However, both options are much less qualitative, and they lose very much in terms of aesthetics. The fact is that these structures lead to atrophy of bone tissue and simply tamp the mucous membrane in the area of the absence of teeth. As a result, they begin to adhere poorly to the gums, and ugly and very noticeable gaps and gaps form between them and the mucous membrane. It seems that the prosthesis is simply dangling in the air - such a defect is simply unacceptable in the frontal zone of the smile.

On a note! If you are restoring teeth from above, then choose dentures without palate, which are more compact in comparison with the overlying ones and do not block the sensitive taste buds located just on the upper jaw. They distort the taste of food less, disturb diction less and almost do not cause a gag reflex, which cannot be said about traditional prostheses with massive palatal overlap.

What are the complications after implantation?

Implantation of the upper jaw may well lead to complications, and the risk of their occurrence is higher than with the implantation of artificial roots into the lower jaw. However, in the case of the upper jaw, side effects are not common or are minimized, provided that the doctor has chosen the right treatment tactics and carefully prepared for the procedure.

In most cases, the causes of complications, namely peri-implantitis, mucositis and rejection of artificial roots, are insufficient professionalism of the doctor and poor quality care of the oral cavity after the installation of implants by the patient. But complications should not be confused with the normal consequences of the surgical stage of treatment:

soreness is a normal reaction of the body when after the operation the anti-relieving drugs cease to work: the patient may feel pain 2-3 days after the procedure. To relieve painful sensations, analgesics can be prescribed: if the pain does not go away after three days, you should visit a doctor, since this may indicate the development of inflammation or an injured nerve,
the appearance of edema on the gums is also a completely normal reaction of soft tissues to their damage: the gums can be swollen a week after the operation. The absence of a decrease in puffiness is an alarming sign and requires a quick visit to a doctor,
bleeding can also accompany the postoperative period of about two days: if the bleeding does not go away for more than two days, the patient will need the help of a specialist. This may indicate vascular damage or the presence of chronic diseases that require additional medication (diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, blood clotting disorders). If you do not consult a doctor in time, a hematoma may develop, metabolism may worsen and blood circulation may be impaired,
an increase in body temperature can also occur in a patient after implantation: this is how the body reacts to surgery. If the fever persists for more than three days, you should visit a doctor. This may be a signal that an inflammatory process has begun, the stitches have parted, an infection has entered the wound, or the implant has begun to reject,
numbness - this side effect can persist for several hours after implantation. If the loss of sensitivity has not gone away after 5-6 hours, it can be suspected that the infraorbital nerve was affected.

To prevent the listed complications, you should follow all the recommendations given by the doctor after implantation. So the patient protects himself by 50% from negative factors. The remaining 50% depends on how well the procedure was performed and how the body perceived the implantation of a foreign body.

Testimonial of a patient about implantation of teeth of the upper jaw according to the all-on-6 protocol

Photo after restoration of the dentition with implants

Cost of different treatment options

The price will depend on various factors: on the chosen implantation method, on the number of teeth to be restored, on the brand and type of artificial root. But on average, the prices will be as follows.

For the restoration of 1 unit by the classical method with a delayed load with a prosthesis, you will have to pay 30-35 thousand rubles, taking into account the use of the budget model of a titanium rod and a metal-ceramic crown. But do not forget that often before this treatment protocol, it is required to carry out a sinus lift, the cost of which will need to be paid separately - it starts from 10 thousand rubles.

For treatment with an artificial root, which allows accelerated loading with a fixed adaptive crown, for example, "Nobel", you need to pay about 80 thousand rubles.

If you are restoring the segment of the upper chewing units, then expect that you will have to spend at least 130 thousand rubles. With a comprehensive restoration of all teeth at once according to the one-stage implantation protocols, you will have to pay at least 250 thousand rubles. If, at the same time, zygomatic models are present in the complex, then the total amount of treatment can increase to at least 450 thousand rubles.

1 Epifanov S.A., Skuredin V.D., Pashkova I.P., Krainyukova L.A. Features of dental implantation in the area of the anterior group of the teeth of the upper jaw. Bulletin of the National Medical and Surgical Center. N.I. Pirogov, 2017.

Loss of upper teeth is always a painful process. Not only in terms of physiological sensations. Here we are talking about the moral component, because a person is faced with a number of problems that prevent him from realizing himself in society and force him to withdraw into himself. Removable dentures could be the solution, but only they on the upper jaw in some cases further aggravate the situation - they fall out of the mouth, block the palate in most situations, making it difficult to enjoy food.

What to do? Consider an alternative - upper teeth implantation. The option is becoming more and more popular these days and less and less scary in the eyes of patients. And why this happens, we propose to understand in more detail after reading this material.

Upper teeth - what conditions are important to observe during their restoration

If we talk about solving the problem with the help of implantation in the upper jaw, then here you always need to take into account a number of features and circumstances:

the quality of the bone tissue: the fact is that on the upper jaw, it itself is quite thin and loose. Its performance here, even in the presence of teeth, is initially much worse than on the lower jaw. With the loss of row elements, the bone from above quickly begins to deteriorate due to the lack of a functional load on it and becomes thinner. Therefore, in order to avoid complications after implantation of the upper teeth, as well as unpleasant consequences during the procedure itself, it is necessary to use high-quality and suitable models of implants or to resort to bone augmentation surgery, in particular, to sinus lifting.
the proximity of the maxillary sinuses: the bottom of the nasal sinuses is dangerously close to the area of all manipulations and there is always a risk of injury to it, therefore the maxillofacial surgeon should prepare as well as possible for the procedure, exclude contraindications, inflammation in the nasal sinuses. Before implantation, it is imperative to obtain data from a computed tomography of the jaw, assess the patient's condition and health, conduct 3D modeling and planning the treatment process,

aesthetics of a smile: if we are talking about anterior, frontal teeth, then here it is simply necessary. It is important that the patient receives a smile as soon as possible, while the gums look as beautiful as new teeth. In the event that the implantation of the chewing teeth on the upper jaw is carried out, it is important to ensure maximum stability of the implants themselves and of the entire structure as a whole, so that it does not shift and does not fall out under conditions of atrophic processes in the bone and under chewing load when chewing food.

How can the front upper teeth be restored?

Implantation in the absence of anterior upper one or more teeth is carried out according to the classical two-stage protocol. The option is good in that it allows you to achieve downright ideal aesthetic indicators. Here the patient's smile will be very beautiful after treatment, because in its process the smallest details are taken into account: bone tissue is built up with its poor quality, a long period of rehabilitation takes place, artificial analogs of the roots are implanted, then a gum shaper is installed for the patient to correct the mucous membrane, a beautiful prosthesis is fixed. It consists of some crowns that fit snugly to the gums.

But there is one significant drawback: the restoration of the frontal teeth will have to spend at least six months at best, maximum - 18 months (this is if you have a history of a lack of bone for implantation and other clinical indicators that will not allow fixing the prosthesis earlier than this period).

On a note! Why does the classic involve bone augmentation? For this method of treatment, implants are used, which are installed according to a well-developed scheme that does not allow deviations from the norm. Models cannot be held in bone structures with their poor quality, they will fall out or be rejected, or even lead to injury to the maxillary sinus, cause the development of sinusitis and even meningitis. No self-respecting doctor can allow this to happen. That is why, with this approach, experts insist on bone grafting - this is not a whim, but a condition of safety.

However, in the area of the anterior teeth, the bone is usually sufficient, compared with the lateral parts. Or at least noticeably more. Therefore, implantation according to the classical protocol is much easier.

If there are no chewing teeth on the upper jaw

Chewing teeth are those teeth that are designed to grind and chew food. From above, they are more susceptible to destruction than from below, therefore, patients lose them much more often. But in order to restore them, again one has to deal with pronounced bone atrophy. Fortunately, today this is not such a serious problem, especially when one of the methods of one-stage implantation with immediate loading of the prosthesis comes to the rescue, which involves the restoration of a segment or end defect of the chewing teeth.

It is interesting that the method is used only in a few cities of Moscow, and this, unfortunately, is its significant drawback. However, more and more patients from other cities do not consider this a particular obstacle, because the advantages of such a protocol are obvious:

sinus lifting can be excluded: for the implantation of the upper chewing teeth, several different implant models are used. As doctors who are actively practicing this concept told the editorial board, two pieces of models from - one classic, one elongated Zygoma are used here. The zygomatic or elongated implant is suitable for oblique fixation in the vaults of the skull. The conceptual features of the artificial root allow it to be fixed in the deepest layers of not only the bone tissue, but also in the cheekbone. This is done at an angle, which ensures a high level of adhesion of the bone to the implant, even with the highest degree of atrophy. Systems from the brand “work” in a similar way. They also suggest immediate prosthetics,
you can preserve healthy teeth in the mouth: two implants are enough to fix a bridge structure of 3-4 crowns on them, which fully imitate the appearance of natural ones. But if it is necessary to remove the remaining ones stored in the upper jaw, you can always quickly resolve the issue of further implantation and prosthetics together with the removal of the destroyed elements of the row,
you can immediately start chewing: on the implants on the same day or a few days after their installation, the prosthesis is fixed on a metal frame. Thanks to the cheekbone models of artificial roots and a metal base, the structure is so firmly held in the mouth that it can and should immediately start eating food and not worry about displacement and loss. Moreover, an active chewing load will provide an effect with respect to atrophied tissue - it will begin to grow rapidly around the implant and firmly grab it from all sides.

And if all the teeth are missing ...

Full dental implantation of the upper jaw can be successfully performed with multiple or complete adentia. If destroyed ones remain in the mouth, this also does not interfere with the procedure. It's just that in this case, they are removed at the same time as the implantation of the implants. True, this is possible only when one of the options for one-stage methods with immediate loading of the prosthesis is chosen as a method of treatment.

Here the patient receives new teeth 3-5 days after the initial visit to dentistry. This is accomplished in the following way:

due to the used implant models with high rates of engraftment and primary stabilization, for example, Nobel, Biomed, Straumann,
due to oblique fixation of artificial roots in the distal parts of the bone,
due to the rejection of bone grafting with further engraftment of the implanted material,
due to the immediate splinting effect of the installation of a fixed prosthesis with a metal frame,
due to the rapid activation of the chewing function: the rehabilitation process with such approaches is much faster than with the classical method of treatment, when the bone tissue is included in the work too late.

Implantation in the absence of teeth in the upper jaw can be carried out using different protocols. The most common of them are: prosthetics, or. The principle is this - the stronger the bone atrophy (inflammation of the mucous membrane, the presence of periodontitis and periodontal disease, the age of the patient, the tendency to smoke, chronic diseases are also important), the more artificial roots are needed. With the all-on-4 () methods, it can be insignificant, and with the basal approach, it can be accompanied by an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane.

But it is not always necessary to increase the number of implants, you can simply consider a fundamentally different approach, namely, using zygomatic models of artificial roots, which were already discussed above. They are used in any of the complexes (all-on-4, all-on-6, basal) in the amount of 2-6 pieces and can solve the problem of complete edentulousness of the upper jaw almost for life.

Important! Comprehensive approaches to solving the problem of complete adentia during implantation in the upper jaw are good because they offer more interesting and favorable prices than the same classical approach. The classics are of interest only for single restorations, they do not allow to think over the whole process in advance, the complexes are predictable, reduce the cost of bone grafting and the number of visits to the doctor, they are often offered to patients on a turnkey basis. This simplifies the calculation system, makes it extremely understandable and transparent for the patient.

Possible complications after implantation in the upper jaw

One-stage protocols are good because the patient gets the result quickly, but you need to choose a doctor carefully for their implementation, otherwise no one can guarantee you that complications will not occur after the implantation of the upper teeth in the upper jaw. As mentioned above, the patient may face difficulties associated with injury to the nasal sinus due to incorrect calculation or incorrectly selected implant model, miscalculations in the state of the bone tissue, in the absence of a thorough preparatory stage, in the absence of a complete set of innovative equipment in the clinic, 3D modeling and surgical templates for working with artificial roots.

Important! If you experience swelling after dental implantation, then don't panic. This is a completely natural reaction of the body to an intervention. Pain, slight bleeding, a rise in temperature in the first few days after treatment, the formation of hematomas, slight numbness - all this is within normal limits. But the symptoms should be controlled over time, with an increase in their intensity 4-7 days after the procedure, it is important to consult a doctor. Perhaps you have started an inflammatory process, an infection of soft tissues has occurred,.

The patient can get an inflammatory process in the maxillary sinuses, as a result, sinusitis, chronic rhinitis will appear. Rejection of the structure or loosening may also occur if the required number of implants has not been correctly determined. The most striking example, you need 10 pieces of artificial roots, and the doctor put only 4 or 6 - in this case, they simply will not withstand the load from the prosthesis, they will unevenly distribute it, shift, loosen, and lead to the failure of the entire system.

The consequences of such actions will have to be eliminated for a very long time, pay extra money, undergo treatment, wait for time, waste nerves. Therefore, carefully approach the choice of a doctor and follow all his recommendations.

The main recommendation is to be responsible. Yes, the result of treatment depends on the doctor by 90%. But the patient's behavior also plays an important role if at the time of rehabilitation after the implantation of the teeth of the upper jaw you do not adhere to the doctor's recommendations, drink prescribed medications and antibiotics, be exposed to unnecessary stress and stress, get involved in saunas, strong drinks and bad habits, ignore planned visits, then the difficulties are unlikely to be avoided.

The recommendations here are the standards, as in most cases after any intervention in the living tissues of the body - rest, maintaining health, normalizing nutrition (excluding temperature extremes, excessively solid food), careful oral hygiene. Then the implant will quickly take root and become your faithful assistant for many years to come, and your smile will delight you with its impeccability.

Video about the performed operation