Slaughtering or hunting requires adhering to a number of rules, but hunters or farmers do not always have to check wild boar meat for trichinosis (or the carcass of any other animal). Such negligence can lead to serious health problems or death. Modern technologists allow us to conduct our own study of the carcass for the presence of contamination away from the laboratory.
How does the infection occur and what is the frequency of the infection?
Most often, trichinosis affects a group of people. For example, after a meal of a large family or company with the meat of one sick animal, symptoms appear in all members of the feast. Infected with raw meat or insufficiently processed meat dishes. Salting or smoking meat does not kill all the larvae. Groups of people with symptoms of the disease are treated during the hunting season, and farmers and people from rural areas - in the fall, during the slaughter of livestock and the preparation of meat reserves. Recently, cases of poaching have become more frequent, therefore, visits to a doctor with symptoms of trichinosis are not so strongly tied to the season of the year.
Having settled in the muscles of a person, the larvae of Trichinella begin the process of destruction. After 4 weeks, a strong capsule is formed around each of the larvae, which makes it possible to live in the human body for several years. A few days after infection with trichinosis, a person begins to experience:
Which animals are most often infected?
More than 100 animal species (land and sea) can carry trichinosis, which can harm human health. Since a person has a high susceptibility to this disease, a few grams of meat from a sick animal is enough for infection. In most cases, Trichinella is found in bear or boar meat. Trichinosis is common in these wild animals:
- Wolf;
- badger;
- seal;
- whales;
- foxes;
- Lynx;
- squirrel;
- marten;
- mink;
- ferret.
The viability of Trichinella in wild animals lasts for years. When using aquatic vegetation and water, which has got the remains of infected birds, moose and roe deer get sick. Hares become infected by eating the remains of birds or other small land animals during cold winters. This ailment can affect cats and dogs, pigs, chickens and ducks through human fault. Rarely, manifestations of trichinosis are found in sheep and horses, which are most likely to become infected through dirty water.
The device consists of the microscope itself, a lighting device, a special mirror capable of focusing the light of the sun and allowing you to work without an illuminator, a compressor (transparent glass plates with two screws at the edges, allowing you to position the sample for further research).
This unit is very convenient to use at home. The larvae settle in the muscle fiber of an infected person and partially destroy it. After about a month, a dense fibrous capsule is formed around each larva (and their number can reach 15,000 per 1 kg of muscle), which thickens over time due to calcium salts. In this state, the larvae can remain alive for many years.
Already a day or two after the invasion, the following symptoms appear in a person:
- diarrhea;
- heartburn;
- nausea;
- dyspepsia (difficulty digestion).
- muscle / joint pain;
- swelling;
- chills;
- migraine;
- cough.
At the most unfavorable development of the disease, trichinella penetrate into the brain, which causes paralysis or ataxia of the respiratory tract and subsequent death. Also, death is possible due to developing encephalitis, allergic myocarditis and pneumonia. In this case, death can occur only 4-6 weeks after infection - faster than with any other helminthiasis, so it is extremely important that if similar symptoms appear after eating meat, immediately take a blood test for trichinosis.
Studies have shown that more than 120 species of carnivores and omnivores can be carriers of Trichinella, among which there are also marine mammals. These nematodes do not live in fish.
Of wild animals, trichinosis most often suffer from:
- wolves (61% of the population);
- lynx (34.9%);
- badgers (21.7%);
- raccoon dogs (19%);
- foxes (17.7%);
- brown and polar bears (15%);
- wild boars (13%);
- wolverines;
- Arctic foxes;
- mink;
- martens;
- sables;
- ermines;
- affection;
- ferrets;
- proteins;
- nutria;
- sea seals;
- whales.
This is what Trichinella looks like in muscles under a microscope.
The cut of meat for research must be taken from the legs of the diaphragm - one sample from the left leg and one from the right. Each pet meat sample consists of 12 small (oat-sized) slices longitudinally of the muscle tissue. The meat of wild animals is cut into 72 cuts.
The study of the sections is carried out at a magnification of 50-100 times, not more. If the test is carried out on salted or smoked meat, the previously crushed sections are clarified with 1-2 drops of glycerin applied to the upper glass of the compressor.
Look for oval or round capsules, on the edges of which fatty deposits of a triangular shape are noticeable. Through the shell, the larva itself can be distinguished. To correctly identify Trichinella larvae, you will have to learn to distinguish them from:
According to sanitary standards, if Trichinella larvae are found in sections, the meat is considered unfit for consumption. If larvae are found, the carcass should be destroyed (burned) or sent for technical disposal (as a rule, this is processing into meat and bone meal). In this case, at your own peril and risk, the meat can be disinfected by heat treatment (prolonged cooking or frying) if no more than 5 larvae are found per 24 cuts.
In addition to encapsulated (encapsulated) larvae, unencapsulated larvae can also be found - as infectious as the former. They are located along the length of the meat fibers and are only distinguishable due to their slight bends. They should also be looked for in the liquid collecting on the microscope slide.
Of the non-encapsulated larvae, those older than 16.5 days are considered invasive. They can be distinguished by their length (from 0.6 mm and longer), yellow color of the middle part of the body and the presence of bends at the ends. The difference between encapsulated and "free" larvae is clearly visible in the following photo: 
Despite the complexity of the described procedure and the high cost of the device, self-testing of meat is just an express test in comparison with laboratory research.
It is extremely unreasonable to trust such a test with your health and life, therefore, even with the apparent absence of Trichinella, animal meat (especially a wolf, bear, wild boar, beaver, badger, chicken or pig) should be thoroughly heat treated.
These helminths do not live in organs and internal fat, so they can be used even with massive Trichinella infection of meat. The subcutaneous fat, just in case, needs to be melted, maintaining the temperature in it at 100 ° C for 20 minutes.
Laboratory research of meat
If opportunities allow the hunter or farmer, it is advisable to give animal meat for a professional laboratory test for trichinosis. There are several reasons for this:
- veterinary experts have extensive experience in detecting representatives of all types of Trichinella, including unencapsulated T. pseudospiralis, T. papuae and T. zimbabwensis, which can easily be missed by an amateur;
- laboratories use expensive microscopes, much more accurate than portable trichinelloscopes;
- the tests themselves are also more detailed - the sections are taken not only on the diaphragm, but also on the intercostal, gastrocnemius, masticatory and tongue muscles, and the pieces of meat are dissolved in artificial gastric juice.
Similar laboratories are equipped in any large city. So, for example, in Moscow, you can take meat for analysis at the State Veterinary Clinic at st. Yunatov, 16A. 
Prevention of trichinosis and other helminthiasis
- are as versatile as possible due to the large number of anthelminthic ingredients (calendula, dried crus, sage, tansy, oak bark, mint, chamomile, yarrow, agaric, wormwood, birch leaves, ferula);
- more effective due to the use of such rare components as bear bile extract, which dissolves invasive helminth eggs;
- the proportions and dosages are precisely calculated by the manufacturers, so that the preparations are absolutely safe with regular use.
You can buy natural anthelmintics only through the Internet on the websites of their manufacturers, links to which we post on the pages of our resource.
Only by testing for trichinosis using a special microscope - trichinelloscope, you can be sure that the meat of these animals is suitable for human consumption. At the same time, only laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination can guarantee the highest accuracy of the analysis.
- Class: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 = Mammals
- Infraclass: Eutheria, Placentalia Gill, 1872 = Placentals, Higher Beasts
- Order: Artiodactyla Owen, 1848 = Artiodactyls
- Suborder: Nonruminantia Jaeckel, 1911 = Non-ruminant, porcine
- Family: Suidae Gray, 1821 = Pigs, pigs
Wild boar diseases: Trichinosis
Trichinosis is a very dangerous helminthic disease that affects more than 60 species of animals and humans. Distributed throughout the globe. Infected wild boars are completely destroyed, so the farms suffer great economic damage.
The encapsulated larva remains viable throughout the life of the host. Encapsulated and unencapsulated Trichinella larvae, resting in the host muscles, enter the stomach of another meat-eating animal or person. There, the shell of Trichinella dissolves, the larvae move into the small intestine, begin to actively multiply there, causing the intestinal form of the trichinosis disease, accompanied by high fever and bloody diarrhea. The newly born Trichinella larvae, penetrating into the muscle fibers, cause stabbing pain in the muscles, secrete a toxin that has a detrimental effect on the blood of animals and humans. On the 8th - 9th day, with a strong infection of a person with trichinosis, a fatal outcome of the disease is often noted.
The main sources of the disease of trichinosis are wild animals that live in natural conditions, having the opportunity to eat the corpses of dead animals. Infected boars remain Trichinella carriers for life. In sick boars, the signs of the disease cannot be determined. They develop muscle tremors, itching of the body, convulsive twitching of the chewing muscles, diarrhea, fever, wobbly gait, wild boars climb into sheltered places. With a strong infection, wild boars die.
The diagnosis of trichinosis in wild boars is established after their death by compressor trichinelloscopy, based on the detection of trichinella (mainly encapsulated) in muscle tissue. Trichinella often colonize the muscles of the tongue, diaphragm, abdominal, gastrocnemius, and intercostal muscles. Samples are taken along the muscle fibers from the sites of their feather-course to the tendon ends.
Wild animals, especially wild boars, are the main, most persistent reserve of trichinosis in nature, therefore, mandatory trichinelloscopy of all wild boar carcasses can serve as control and prevention measures.
All carcasses and corpses of wild animals affected by Trichinella must be burned. The carcasses of wild caught and shot predators should not be thrown away for feeding to other animals and fed to domestic animals. The corpses of domestic animals (dogs, cats, pigs) infected with trichinosis must not be thrown into the forest and field, where they can be eaten by wild predators, rodents, omnivores, as well as stray dogs and stray cats. This contributes to the spread of trichinosis in settlements and in nature. Wild boar meat, even in small quantities, must not be eaten raw ...
G.I. Ivanova, N.I. Ovsyukova. BOAR. HUNTING ON HOOVES.-Publishing house "Forest Industry", 1976
Trichinosis is becoming more and more relevant all over the world. The causative agent, Trichinella spiralis, behaves very differently, depending on the location. Sometimes a person may not even be aware of the presence of Trichinella in his body, and the animal may be clinically healthy.
The larva can be in the muscles for years, in the encapsulated stage without causing anxiety. However, there could be another turn of events. Trichinosis of animals, transmitted to humans, becomes the cause of damage to both the muscular system, leading it to atrophy, and the nervous one.
The greatest danger to human infection is meat and slaughter products. A special role in this is played by pigs and wild boars, whose meat man prefers as a food product.
Animal susceptibility
Susceptible to trichinosis: wild boars, dogs, cats, horses, bears, wolves, badgers, foxes, hedgehogs and other omnivores. An interesting fact is that horses were included in this list, but, for example, beavers did not. Both the horse and the beaver are animals that do not eat meat. However, horses are supposed to add meat and bone meal to their diet, and if not cooked properly, it can be a source of infestation and the horse can get sick. But a beaver, an animal that feeds exclusively on plant food, therefore, disease is impossible in natural space. But, the tendencies of recent years are such that beaver fur is becoming more and more in demand and artificial breeding and cultivation is entering an industrial basis.
Infection occurs through eating contaminated meat
Since meat and bone meal improves the hair structure, its addition to the beaver's diet is very appropriate. The beaver is fed with compound feed, as a rule, which also includes meat and bone meal, and this is another reason to suspect infection in beavers.
In addition to furs, beavers give a "beaver stream", which is used both in medicine and in perfumery, so you need to breed a beaver. Beaver meat is edible, which is why sometimes their carcasses come under suspicion. Statistics say that Trichinella has never been found in beaver meat. Consequently, human infection is also impossible. The fact is that the official instruction on trichinosis does not provide for compressor diagnostics of beaver meat; this may be the reason.
The causative agent of trichinosis dies when the temperature reaches 65 ° C in the thickness of the muscles. This suggests that whatever meat we prefer as food, it must be well cooked.
But salmonellosis, a very common disease transmitted to humans from a beaver, and the first symptoms of the disease are very similar. Apparently, it was this fact that served as a delusion that human infection occurs from the beaver.
The first signs of human infection with trichinosis appear, as a rule, 4-6 days from infection
Infection mechanism and development cycle
Animals and humans become infected when meat invaded by Trichinella larvae enters its gastrointestinal tract. After 2-4 days, the larva unfolds and becomes sexually mature. On average, females live 40-50 days, but the male dies after fertilization. During her short life, the female is able to produce about 1500 larvae, which migrate with the flow of blood and lymph into the muscles of the trunk, tongue, larynx, intercostal, chewing.
It is in these favorite places of localization that the instruction calls on to look for the pathogen during the veterinary and sanitary examination of the meat of pigs and wild boars.
Once in the muscle, the larva is twisted in a spiral and covered with a capsule. There is also Trichinella pseudospiralis, which does not form a capsule, but constantly migrates in the muscle, making it disabled.
Signs of infection
The clinical picture depends on the intensity of the invasion of the animal. Symptoms can be either characteristic (muscle damage) or similar to other diseases: fever, swelling, diarrhea, vomiting.
In humans, the same symptoms can be observed in the first few hours after eating affected and poorly cooked meat, then the picture can be hidden and go into a chronic course.
Diagnostics
In some countries, for example, in the USA, trichinosis is not diagnosed. Their scientists believe that trichinosis cannot be diagnosed by the compressor method and by the method of digestion in artificial gastric juice. But statistics also show that in countries where diagnostics are not carried out, the percentage of patients with trichinosis is much higher.
In the countries of the post-Soviet space, methods of intravital diagnostics have already been developed and widely introduced. For this, the study is carried out by the method of enzyme immunoassay of blood serum taken from the animal. Basically, this is how pig trichinosis is diagnosed.
During the veterinary and sanitary examination of the carcass of a pig or wild boar, a compressor study of muscle sections, favorite localization sites, is carried out. And with the help of microscopic examination, the presence or absence of larvae is established. For the study, 48 sections of the size of an oat grain are selected and each section is viewed. Precisely because very little material has been selected for research, many scientists believe that such a diagnosis is imperfect.
In the conditions of meat processing enterprises, diagnostics is carried out using the digestion of selected muscle samples in artificial gastric juice. After digestion of simultaneously taken samples from 50-150 carcasses, the sediment is viewed under a microscope.
Thanks to such a diagnosis, a person cannot become infected through meat products bought on the market or prepared industrially.
In most cases, trichinosis is associated with the consumption of wild boar meat.
Wild boar hunting is a completely different matter. When a killed wild boar is often gutted right in the forest, and it is there, cooking over the fire, that the tasting is held. In this case, a person can become infected.
It is also unacceptable to eat corned beef or frozen wild boar meat without preliminary heat treatment. Contamination can occur even if the meat has been frozen for several years.
It is unsafe to buy meat on a spontaneous market without preliminary diagnostics. Before eating wild boar meat, it is also necessary to conduct laboratory tests to identify Trichinella larvae.
Giving help
If within 2-3 days after eating the supposedly infested meat, signs of infection appear, then at this time the drug can still help a person. By applying mebendazole or thiobendazole, according to the instructions for the drug, the larva can be destroyed in the human gastrointestinal tract until it is introduced into the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
Experienced hunters are aware of the dangers of using untested wild boar carcasses for culinary purposes. In hunting farms, on the pages of periodicals on hunting topics, explanatory work is constantly being carried out on how to behave in case of an unforeseen situation.
If time is lost, and the symptoms continue to increase, then the above drugs will no longer be able to reach the larva. Further, only symptomatic treatment is carried out. For treatment, pain relievers, glucocorticosteroid drugs, as well as antiallergenic drugs are used.
Carrying out preventive and explanatory work among hunters, livestock breeders, culinary specialists and the general population is a very good method to prevent the occurrence of trichinosis.
aziat 25-09-2009 13:07
Dear.
Where can I test wild boar meat for trichinosis? Or maybe you can do it yourself?
DK-76 25-09-2009 13:36
Is it a poaching boar or a shot down one? At the veterinary station. You need a head and a diaphragm, and a failure just in case.
aziat 25-09-2009 14:53
As usual, they were treated to a wild boar. And if not official, then how to check?
DK-76 25-09-2009 15:31
Cut 30-40 slices from the diaphragm, very thinly and under a microscope. The second option is to treat your wife or mother-in-law to your neighbor's extremist and wait. True, the incubation period is up to six months.
SEIKO50 25-09-2009 21:45
quote: Originally posted by DK-76:
Cut 30-40 slices from the diaphragm, very thinly and under a microscope. The second option is to treat your wife or mother-in-law to your neighbor's extremist and wait. True, the incubation period is up to six months.
aziat 29-09-2009 12:10
Experienced this is good, but seriously, that everyone eats without checking.
SEIKO50 29-09-2009 15:04
So they eat
sokol1 06-10-2009 20:22
It's not good, mister moderator, to encourage such things.)))
ay 23-11-2009 12:03
I really do not advise without checking, recently 3 wild boars were shot in a row in one farm of the region - all are trichinosis, read a lot of the literature about the consequences of this disease, symptoms too)))
aziat 23-11-2009 11:18
So I am about the same. The consequences are serious. Where to check?
sokol1 24-11-2009 21:00
quote: recently, 3 wild boars were shot in a row in one farm of the region - all are Trichinosis,
For information, tell me where? And then somehow not oneself, not every veterinarian will see.
SEIKO50 25-11-2009 22:38
quote: [B] 3 wild boars - all trichinosis,
If the information is classified, you can in the PM.
ay 03-12-2009 12:26
quote: So all the same in what economy.
If the information is classified, you can in the PM.
I will not name the farm, now it is possible for any even truthful information to appear in court, not socialism))) but the entire left bank of the Volga is already unfavorable for trichinosis, no one can give any guarantees on the right, but the inspection gives a guarantee, at least I have no facts when I got infected after checking, but I have heard a lot about blood transfusion with AIDS and hepatitis))) so gentlemen gourmets in the laboratory))
ay 03-12-2009 20:46
A student of a Saratov university is suspected of spreading panic rumors about an outbreak of pneumonic plague in the Saratov region. A criminal case was initiated against a young man who published an entry about the plague on his blog in LiveJournal under the article "knowingly false reports of an act of terrorism."
Draw conclusions gentlemen)) here it is freedom of speech)) wrote it down in a journal and behind bars)) and you tell me))
Meerkat 17-01-2010 13:46
They showed on TV whether a special device was made especially for gamekeepers, or you could train someone from your hunting campaign. In a box the size of an auto first aid kit, there is a microscope, between which a cut of transversely striated muscle is laid. All this is considered, once you see the worm, you will not be mistaken! They say they are quite large, you can see it well under a microscope. Well, in general it is necessary
Consult either in the veterinary clinic or in the SES: where to take a sample, how much to take, how to determine the presence or absence. In general, a useful thing.
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