International name (INN):
Dextrose monohydrate
Chemical Name:
D-(+)-glucopyrazole monohydrate
Structural formula:
Gross formula:
C 6 H 12 O 6 x H 2 O
Molecular mass:
Description:
White crystalline powder with a sweet taste.
Solubility:
Easily soluble in water, sparingly soluble in spirea (95%).
Authenticity:
A. Specific rotation.
From +52.5º to 53.5º. The description of the method is given below.
B. When heated, it melts and burns with the release of a characteristic smell of burnt sugar.
V. To 5 ml of a 1% solution of the test substance, add 2 ml of a 2M sodium hydroxide solution and 0.05 ml of a copper-tartrate solution, the mixture becomes blue and remains transparent. Upon boiling, a red precipitate is formed.
Copper tartrate solution:
Solution 1: Place 34.6 g of copper (II) sulfate into a volumetric flask with a capacity of 500 ml, dissolve in water and bring the volume of the solution to the mark with water, mix.
Solution 2: Dissolve 173.0 g of potassium sodium (+) tartrate and 50.0 g of sodium hydroxide in 400 ml of water, heat to boiling, cool and dilute to 500 ml with freshly boiled and cooled water.
Before use, mix equal volumes of solutions 1 and 2.
Solution S : 10.0 g of the substance to be tested are dissolved in distilled water and the volume of the solution is adjusted to 100 ml with distilled water.
Appearance of the solution:
Dissolve 10.0 g of the substance to be tested in water and dilute to 15 ml with water. The resulting solution should be clear and colorless or slightly yellowish brown in color.
Transparency:
The solution prepared in the "Appearance of the solution" test must be transparent or its opalescence must not exceed the opalescence of reference 1.
The determination is carried out in accordance with the requirements of EF 1997 or SP XI, using the following solutions:
Hydrazine sulfate solution: Dissolve 1.0 g of hydrazine sulfate in water and dilute the solution volume to 100 ml with the same solvent. Let stand for 4-6 hours.
Hexamethylenetetramine solution: Dissolve 2.5 g of hexamethylenetetramine in 25 ml of water in a 100 ml stoppered flask.
Primary opalescent suspension: To a solution of hexamethylenetetramine in a flask, add 25 ml of a solution of hydrazine sulfate. Mix and leave for 24 hours. The suspension is stable for 2 months when stored in glassware without surface defects. The suspension should not stick to the glass and should be thoroughly mixed before use.
Opalescence standard: Dilute 15 ml of primary opalescent suspension to a volume of 1000 ml with water. This suspension is prepared before use and stored for no more than 24 hours.
Preparation of reference standards:
Color:
The solution prepared for the "Appearance of the solution" test should be colorless or its color intensity should not exceed the color intensity of the BY7 standard.
The determination is carried out in accordance with the requirements of EF 1997 or GF XI, using the following solutions:
Preparation of standard solutions:
basic yellow solutionY).
Dissolve 46.0 g of iron(III) chloride in 900.0 ml of a mixture of 25 ml of 11.5 M hydrochloric acid solution and 975.0 ml and dilute to a volume of 1000.0 ml with the same mixture. The solution is analyzed and diluted with 7.3% hydrochloric acid solution so that the mixture contains 45 mg/ml FeCl 3 * 6H 2 O. The solution is protected from light.
Analysis. To 10.0 ml of solution add 15.0 ml of water, 5.0 ml of 11.5 M hydrochloric acid solution and 4.0 g of potassium iodide, close the vessel, leave in the dark for 15 minutes and add 100.0 ml of water. Titrate the released iodine with 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate solution, using 0.5 ml of the starch solution added at the end of the titration as an indicator. Each ml. 0.1M sodium thiosulfate solution is equivalent to 27.03 mg FeCl 3 * 6H 2 O.
Basic red solution (R) .
Dissolve 60.0 g of cobaltate(II) chloride in 900.0 ml of a 25 ml mixture. 11.5 M hydrochloric acid solution and 975.0 ml of water and diluted to a volume of 1000.0 ml with the same mixture. The solution is analyzed and diluted with 7.3% hydrochloric acid solution so that the mixture contains 59.5 mg/ml CoCl 2 *6H 2 O.
Analysis. To 5.0 ml of solution add 5.0 ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and 10.0 ml of 30% NaOH solution. Boil gently for 10 minutes, add 60.0 ml of 1M sulfuric acid solution and 2.0 g of potassium iodide. Titrate the released iodine with 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate solution, using 0.5 ml of the starch solution added at the end of the titration as an indicator. When the end point is reached, the solution turns pink. Each ml. 0.1M sodium thiosulfate solution is equivalent to 23.79mg CoCl 2 *6H 2 O.
Basic blue solution(B).
Dissolve 63.0 g of copper(II) sulfate in 900.0 ml of a mixture of 25.0 ml of 11.5 M hydrochloric acid solution and 975.0 ml and dilute to a volume of 1000.0 ml with the same mixture. The solution is analyzed and diluted with 7.3% hydrochloric acid solution so that the mixture contains 62.4 mg/ml CuSO 4 *5H 2 O.
Analysis. To 10.0 ml of the solution add 50.0 ml of water, 12.0 ml of a 2M solution of acetic acid and 3.0 g of potassium iodide. Titrate the released iodine with 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate solution, using 0.5 ml of the starch solution added at the end of the titration as an indicator. When the end point is reached, the solution turns pale brown. Each ml. 0.1M sodium thiosulfate solution is equivalent to 24.97mg CuSO 4 *5H 2 O.
starch solution: Thoroughly triturate 1.0 g of soluble starch with 5.0 ml of water and add the resulting mixture with constant stirring to 100.0 ml of boiling water containing 10 mg of mercury (II) iodide.
standard solution.
Mix 2-4 ml of solution Y, 10.0 ml of solution R, 4 ml of solution B, and 62.0 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid solution.
ReferenceBY7.
Mix 2.5 ml of BY standard solution and 97.5 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid solution.
Acidity or alkalinity:
Dissolve 6.0 g of the substance to be tested in 25 ml of carbon dioxide-free water, add 0.3 ml of phenolphthalein solution to the resulting solution, mix. The solution remains colorless. To change the color of the solution to pink, add no more than 0.5 ml of 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution.
Phenolphthalein solution: In a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100.0 ml, 0.1 g of phenolphthalein is placed, dissolved in 80.0 ml of 96% alcohol, and the volume of the resulting solution is diluted to the mark with water.
Specific rotation:
From +52.5º to 53.5º.
Test solution: Place 10.0 g of the test substance into a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100.0 ml, dissolve in 80.0 ml of water, add 0.2 ml of 5 M ammonia solution, mix and leave for 30 minutes; Dilute the volume of the resulting mixture to the mark with water, mix.
The determination is made in accordance with the requirements of Evr.F.1997 or GF XI, v.1.
Foreign sugars, soluble starch and dextrins:
1.0 g of the substance to be tested is boiled until dissolved in 30.0 ml of 90% alcohol. The solution is then left to cool at room temperature. The appearance of the solution should not change.
Chlorides:
No more than 125ppm.
Test solution: 4.0 ml of solution S is diluted to a volume of 15.0 ml with water, mixed; add 1 ml of 2M nitric acid solution, 1 ml of silver nitrate solution, mix and leave the mixture for 5 minutes in a place protected from light.
Standard chloride solution (5ppm): 0.0824% sodium chloride solution is diluted with water (1:100).
Silver nitrate solution: Prepare a 1.7% solution of silver nitrate in water.
Reference solution: To 10 ml of standard chloride solution (5ppm) add 5 ml of water, 1 ml of 2M nitric acid solution, 1 ml of silver nitrate solution, mix and leave for 5 minutes in a place protected from light.
Arsenic: No more than 1ppm. A 1.0 g sample of the test substance is tested in accordance with the requirements of the Global Fund XI, v.1, p. 173, method 1.
Barium: To 10 ml of solution S add 1 ml of 2M sulfuric acid solution, mix. Immediately after preparation and after 1 hour, the opalescence of the prepared solution should not exceed that of a solution consisting of 1 ml of water and 10 ml of solution S.
Calcium: No more than 10ppm.
Alcoholic solution of calcium standard (Ca 100ppm): 2.5 g of dried calcium carbonate is placed in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 1000 ml, dissolved in 12 ml of a 5 M solution of acetic acid and the solution volume is diluted to the mark with water, mixed. Before use, 1 volume of the resulting solution is diluted to 10 volumes with 96% alcohol.
Calcium standard solution (Ca 10ppm): 0.624 g of dried calcium carbonate is placed in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 250 ml, dissolved in water containing 3 ml of a 5M solution of acetic acid, and the volume of the resulting solution is diluted to the mark with distilled water, mixed. Before use, 1 volume of the resulting solution is diluted to 100 volumes with distilled water.
Test solution: 5 ml of solution S is diluted to 15 ml with distilled water.
To 0.2 ml of calcium alcohol standard solution (Ca 100ppm) add 1 ml of 4% ammonium oxalate solution, mix and after 1 minute add a mixture of 1 ml of 2M acetic acid solution and 15 ml of the test solution, mix.
Reference solution: Prepare a mixture of calcium standard solution (Ca 10ppm) and 5 ml of distilled water.
To 0.2 ml of calcium alcohol standard solution (Ca 100ppm) add 1 ml of 4% ammonium oxalate solution, mix and after 1 minute add a mixture of 1 ml of 2M acetic acid solution and 15 ml of reference solution, mix.
The opalescence of the test solution should not exceed that of the reference solution.
Lead in sugars:
No more than 0.5ppm.
The determination is carried out by atomic absorption SFM using an air-acetylene torch and a lamp with a hollow lead cathode.
Preparation of solutions:
Test solution: Dissolve 20.0 g of the test substance in 1M acetic acid solution and dilute the volume of the solution to 100 ml with the same solvent, mix, add 2.0 ml of a saturated solution of pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate (concentration - about 1%) and 10 ml of 4-methylpentan-2-one, shake for 30 seconds, protecting from strong light. Leave the mixture until the layers separate. A methylpentanone layer is used.
Reference solution 1: Place 20.0 g of the test substance into a 100 ml volumetric flask, add 0.5 ml of a standard solution of lead (10 ppm), dissolve in 1 M acetic acid solution and dilute the volume of the solution to the mark with the same solvent, mix, add 2.0 ml of a saturated solution of pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate (concentration - about 1%) and 10 ml of 4-methylpentan-2-one, shake for 30 seconds, protecting from bright light. Leave the mixture until the layers separate. A methylpentanone layer is used.
Reference solution 2: Place 20.0 g of the substance under test into a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 ml, add 1.0 ml of a standard solution of lead (10 ppm), dissolve in 1 M acetic acid solution and dilute the volume of the solution to the mark with the same solvent, mix, add 2.0 ml of a saturated solution of pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate (concentration - about 1%) and 10 ml of 4-methylpentan-2-one, shake for 30 seconds, protecting from bright light. Leave the mixture until the layers separate. A methylpentanone layer is used.
Reference solution 3: Place 20.0 g of the substance under test into a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 ml, add 1.5 ml of a standard solution of lead (10 ppm), dissolve in 1 M acetic acid solution and dilute the volume of the solution to the mark with the same solvent, mix, add 2.0 ml of a saturated solution of pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate (concentration - about 1%) and 10 ml of 4-methylpentan-2-one, shake for 30 seconds, protecting from bright light. Leave the mixture until the layers separate. A methylpentanone layer is used.
"Empty solution": To 100 ml of a 1M solution of acetic acid, add 2.0 ml of a saturated solution of pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate (concentration - about 1%) and 10 ml of 4-methylpentan-2-one, shake for 30 seconds, protecting from bright light. Leave the mixture until the layers separate. A methylpentanone layer is used.
Lead standard solution (10ppm): Dissolve 0.400 g of lead (II) nitrate in water and dilute with water to a volume of 250 ml, mix. Dilute with water 1:10 and again with water 1:10.
Determine the optical density of the prepared solutions at a wavelength of 283.3 nm, using the "blank solution" to set the instrument to "0".
Based on the results of measuring the optical density of reference solutions, a calibration curve is built. By which the lead content in the test sample is determined.
sulfate ash:
Not more than 0.1%.
Dissolve 5.0 g of the test substance in 5 ml of water, add 2 ml of 18M sulfuric acid solution, evaporate to dryness in a water bath and burn to constant weight in accordance with the requirements of SP XI, v.2, p.25.
Sulfites:
No more than 5ppm.
Colorless fuchsin solution: 100 ml of water is added to 1 g of fuchsin base, heated to 50ºС and left to cool, shaking occasionally. Then let stand for 48 hours, shake and filter. To 4 ml of the filtrate add 6 ml of 11.5 M hydrochloric acid solution, mix and dilute with water to a volume of 100 ml, leave for 1 hour.
Test solution: In a volumetric flask with a capacity of 50 ml, put 5.0 g of the test substance, dissolve in 40 ml of water, add 2 ml of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution and bring the volume of the solution to the mark with water, mix.
To 10 ml of the test solution add 1 ml of 31% hydrochloric acid solution, 2 ml of a colorless fuchsin solution and 2 ml of 0.5% liquid formaldehyde solution, mix and leave for 30 minutes. The optical density of the resulting mixture in the 1st layer is determined at an absorption maximum of about 583 nm, using water as a reference solution.
Reference solution: In a volumetric flask with a capacity of 50 ml, 76 mg of sodium metabisulfite are placed, dissolved in water and the volume of the solution is adjusted to the mark with water, 5 ml of the resulting solution is diluted in a volumetric flask to a volume of 100 ml with water, mixed; 4.0 ml of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution is added to 3 ml of the resulting solution and the volume of the mixture is diluted to 100 ml with water.
To 10 ml of reference solution add 1 ml of 31% hydrochloric acid solution, 2 ml of colorless fuchsin solution and 2 ml of 0.5% liquid formaldehyde solution, mix and leave for 30 minutes. The optical density of the resulting mixture in the 1st layer is determined at an absorption maximum of about 583 nm, using water as a reference solution.
The optical density of the test solution should not exceed the optical density of the reference solution.
Sulphates:
No more than 200ppm.
Preparation of solutions:
Ethanol sulfate standard solution (10ppmSO 4 ): Dilute 1 volume of a 0.181% solution of potassium sulfate in 30% alcohol to 100 volumes with 30% alcohol.
25% barium chloride solution: Dissolve 25.0 g of barium chloride in 100.0 ml of water.
5M acetic acid solution: Dilute 285 ml of glacial acetic acid to 1000 ml with water.
Test solution: Dilute 7.5 ml of solution S to 15 ml with distilled water.
Place 1.0 ml of a 25% barium chloride solution into a Nessler cylinder, add 1.5 ml of an ethanol sulfate standard solution (10ppm SO 4 ), mix and leave for 1 minute; add 15 ml of the test solution and 0.15 ml of a 5M acetic acid solution, dilute with water to a volume of 50 ml, mix thoroughly with a glass rod and leave for 5 minutes.
Sulfate standard solution (10ppmSO 4 ): Dilute 1 volume of 0.181% potassium sulfate solution in distilled water to 100 volumes with distilled water (use as reference solution).
Place 1.0 ml of a 25% barium chloride solution into a Nessler cylinder, add 1.5 ml of an ethanol sulfate standard solution (10ppm SO 4 ), mix and leave for 1 minute; add 12.5 ml of standard sulfate solution (10ppm SO 4); and 0.15 ml of a 5M acetic acid solution, diluted with water to a volume of 50 ml, mixed thoroughly with a glass rod and left for 5 minutes.
The opalescence of the test solution should not exceed that of the reference solution.
Water:
From 7.0% to 9.5%.
Tests are carried out by the K.Fischer method in accordance with the requirements of the Global Fund XI, v.1, p.176.
Microbiological purity:
The determination is carried out in accordance with EF 97 or GF XI issue 2 and change No. 1.
In the case of using the drug for the preparation of sterile dosage forms, it must comply with the requirements of category 1.2: in 1 g of the drug in 1 g of the drug there should be no more than 100 aerobic bacteria and fungi in total in the absence of bacteria of the families Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus.
In the case of using the drug for the preparation of solid dosage forms, it must comply with the requirements of category 2.2: 1000 aerobic bacteria and 100 fungi in total should not exceed 1000 aerobic bacteria and 100 fungi in the absence of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus families.
Pyrogenicity:
In the case of using a substance for the preparation of injection solutions, it must be pyrogen-free.
Test solution: prepare a solution of the test substance in distilled water with a concentration of 50 mg/ml. Test dose - 10 ml per 1 kg of rabbit weight.
Tests are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Global Fund XI, v.2, p.187.
Package:
From 1 to 100 kg in double polyethylene bags, which are placed 1 in plastic or fiber drums. A label is stuck on the barrel and on the plastic bag. The quality of packaging materials is regulated by the requirements of Eur.F. 3rd ed.
Marking:
The label indicates the name of the drug, net and gross weight, storage conditions, batch number, date of manufacture, “best before ...”, name, trademark and address of the company.
Storage conditions:
In a dry, dark place, at a temperature not exceeding 30ºС.
Best before date: 5 years.
Pharmacological group:
Means for parenteral nutrition, detoxification agent.
Best before date 5 years.
Glucose 99.5% is used in various industries:- veterinary,
- poultry farming,
- food industry, as a substitute for sucrose,
- confectionery industry in the manufacture of soft sweets, dessert chocolates, cakes and various dietary products,
- In baking, glucose improves fermentation conditions, gives porosity and good taste to products, slows down staling,
- in the production of ice cream, it lowers the freezing point, increases its hardness,
- in the production of fruit preserves, juices, liqueurs, wines, soft drinks, since glucose does not mask the aroma and taste,
- the dairy industry in the manufacture of dairy products and baby food, it is recommended to use glucose in a certain proportion with sucrose to give these products a higher nutritional value,
- veterinary,
- poultry farming,
- pharmaceutical industry.
Description
Physicochemical characteristics
White crystalline substance of sweet taste, soluble in water and organic solvents
Dextrose is a simple sugar often referred to as glucose. In order for the body to use carbohydrates as a source of energy, most of them are converted into glucose or other similar sugars. Dextrose is an essential nutrient for the body as the central nervous system runs solely on it. Dextrose is quickly absorbed, serves as a valuable source of energy and accelerates the recovery of the body after physical exertion.
Where does dextrose come from?
Dextrose is widely distributed in nature. Plants produce it during photosynthesis, and in animals it is formed by the breakdown of more complex carbohydrates. Synthetic glucose is also relatively easy to obtain from the starch of cereals such as wheat, corn, and rice.Benefits of Dextrose
The main benefit of dextrose is that it is very quickly absorbed and stimulates the release of insulin. Fast digestion provides fast energy delivery, which is important for bodybuilders and athletes.The effect of dextrose on endurance
Taking dextrose or other similar sugars before and during exercise keeps muscle glycogen levels high. This increases the amount of energy available and delays fatigue. A scientific study showed that subjects who received glucose solution had higher blood sugar levels and significantly increased endurance compared to individuals who received only water ( Campbelletal, 2008). An experimental comparison of different sugars revealed that glucose was more effective than some other sugars, such as ribose ( Dunneetal, 2006).The effect of dextrose on recovery
Long periods of intense exercise deplete muscle glycogen stores. If simple sugars such as dextrose are taken post-workout, glycogen losses are restored 237% faster, than without sugar. This effect is enhanced if sugars are combined with proteins ( Zawadzkietal, 1992). This means that protein shakes containing simple sugars are great for recovery.Effect of Dextrose on Creatine Absorption
Creatine has been proven to be effective in increasing muscle mass and strength. Dextrose improves the uptake of creatine into muscle cells and enhances its effectiveness by stimulating the release of insulin ( Greenwoodetal, 2003). Simply put, creatine works best when taken with dextrose.Safety and Side Effects of Dextrose
Dextrose itself has no side effects. It is completely non-toxic and is an important component of nutrition, it is necessary for the body and suitable for all people. However, overuse can cause some problems. Taking too much dextrose increases the likelihood of developing obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, and can also cause digestive problems in some athletes. However, as mentioned above, the strategically planned intake of dextrose and other sugars has a beneficial effect on performance. The main rule here is moderation.One of the disadvantages of dextrose is that it cannot provide the body with energy for a long time due to being absorbed too quickly. To overcome this shortcoming, a constant supply of dextrose to the body is necessary. Alternatively, more complex carbohydrate sources, such as waxy corn starch, can be used.
For most people, the recommended carbohydrate intake is 50-60% of total calories. It is necessary to introduce dextrose into the diet, but it should not be the main source of carbohydrates. Before sports loads it is recommended to take 1 g carbohydrates per 1 kg body weight, and in the process of training 0.17 g / kg. Again, dextrose may be part of this amount. 18 g dextrose effectively increases the absorption of creatine ( Greenwoodetal, 2003).Dextrose Supplements
Dextrose is available to us both in pure form and as part of carbohydrate mixtures. Due to its wide variety of health benefits, dextrose is found in some protein powders, creatine blends, pre-workout supplements, sports drinks, and other sports products. It is important to remember that dextrose is another name for glucose. If you're looking for it in a product, look for both names.Combinations with other ingredients
Glucose works more effectively when combined with other ingredients. For example, combining dextrose with more complex carbohydrates will provide both fast energy and slow energy release. Dextrose pairs well with protein in post-workout shakes ( gainers). Finally, when mixed with creatine, it increases its effect on strength and muscle growth.Description of ROFEROSE®
Dextrose monohydrate(glucose) - monosaccharide, is the most common carbohydrate. Glucose occurs in free form and as oligosaccharides (cane sugar, milk sugar), polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, dextran), glycosides and other derivatives. In the free form, dextrose monohydrate is found in fruits, flowers and other plant organs, as well as in animal tissues. Glucose is the most important source of energy in animals and microorganisms. Dextrose monohydrate can be obtained by hydrolysis of natural substances in which it is included. In production, dextrose monohydrate is obtained by hydrolysis of potato and corn starch with acids.
In the food industry, dextrose monohydrate (glucose) is used as a taste regulator and improve the presentation of food products. In the confectionery industry, dextrose monohydrate (glucose) is used to make soft sweets, pralines, dessert chocolates, wafers, cakes, dietary and other products. Since dextrose monohydrate (glucose) does not mask aroma and taste, glucose is widely used in the production of canned fruits, frozen fruits, ice cream, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. The use of dextrose monohydrate (glucose) in baking improves fermentation conditions, promotes the formation of a beautiful golden brown crust, uniform porosity and good taste. Widespread use of dextrose monohydrate (glucose) in the meat and poultry processing industry as a preservative and taste regulator.
Dextrose monohydrate(glucose) is used in various pharmaceutical preparations, including the production of vitamin C, antibiotics, intravenous infusion, as a nutrient medium in the cultivation of various types of microorganisms in the medical and microbiological industries.
Dextrose monohydrate(glucose) is used as a reducing agent in the leather industry, in the textile industry in the production of viscose.
The most modern way to obtain dextrose monohydrate (glucose) is the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch and starch-containing raw materials. Dextrose monohydrate (glucose) is purified and crystallized D-glucose containing one water molecule.
In a special form, glucose is found in almost all organs of green plants. It is especially abundant in grape juice, which is why glucose is sometimes called grape sugar. Honey mainly consists of a mixture of glucose and fructose. In the human body, glucose is found in the muscles, in the blood and serves as the main source of energy for the cells and tissues of the body. An increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood leads to an increase in the production of the hormone of the pancreas - insulin, which reduces the content of this carbohydrate in the blood. The chemical energy of nutrients entering the body lies in the covalent bonds between atoms.
Dextrose monohydrate is a valuable nutritional product. In the body, it undergoes complex biochemical transformations, as a result of which carbon dioxide and water are formed. Dextrose monohydrate is easily absorbed by the body, it is used in medicine as a strengthening remedy for symptoms of heart weakness, shock, glucose is part of blood substitutes and anti-shock liquids. Dextrose monohydrate is widely used in the confectionery business, in the textile industry, as an initial product in the production of ascorbic and glyconic acids, and for the synthesis of a number of sugar derivatives. Glucose fermentation processes are of great importance, for example, when sauerkraut, cucumbers, and milk are fermented, lactic acid fermentation of glucose occurs, as well as during silage of feed. In practice, alcoholic fermentation is also used. dextrose monohydrate such as in the production of beer.
By enzymatic hydrolysis, starch in starch-containing raw materials (potatoes, corn, wheat, sorghum, barley, rice) is first converted into glucose, and then into a mixture of glucose and fructose. The process can be stopped at different stages and therefore glucose-fructose syrups with different ratios of glucose and fructose can be obtained. With a content of 42% fructose in the syrup, a regular glucose-fructose syrup is obtained, with an increase in the fructose content to 55-60%, an enriched glucose-fructose syrup is obtained, the 3rd generation high-fructose syrup contains 90-95% fructose.
We are currently delivering 3 types dextrose monohydrate(glucose) produced by ROQUETTE (Rockett) France (Italy). The difference between these types lies in the size of the fraction (particles) and the moisture content, which is reflected in the attached specification.
For more information on dextrose monohydrate (glucose), please visit www.dextrose.com.
- Dextrose monohydrate Anhydrous (Anhydride)
- Dextrose monohydrate M
- Dextrose monohydrate ST
Specification
| Physical and chemical indicators: | |
| Appearance | crystalline powder, white and odorless |
| Taste | sweet |
| Dextrose (D-Glucose) | 99.5% min |
| Specific optical rotation | 52.5 - 53.5 degrees |
| pH in solution | 4-6 |
| sulphated ash | 0.1% max |
| Resistivity | 100 kOhm cm min |
| Microbiological indicators: | |
| Total | 1000/g max |
| Yeast | 10/g max |
| Mold | 10/g max |
| E.coli | absent in 10 g |
| Salmonella | absent in 10 g |
| Typical properties: | |
| The energy value, calculated on 100 g of the sold product | 1555 kJ (366 kcal) |
| Dextrose monohydrate M | |
| Loss on drying | 9.1% max |
| Grading – residue on the sieve 500 MK | 10% max |
| Dextrose Monohydrate CT | |
| Loss on drying | 9.1% max |
| Grading – residue on a sieve 315 MK – residue on the sieve 100 MK – residue on the sieve 40 MK | 3% max 55% approx. 85% min |
| Dextrose Monohydrate Anhydrous (anhydride) | |
| Loss on drying | 0.5% max |
| Grading – residue on the sieve 1000 MK – residue on the sieve 250 MK | 0.1% max 15% max |
Storage:
Standard Packing:
in bulk in road tanks, 1000 kg big bags, 25 or 50 kg paper bags with a polyethylene liner.
Minimum shelf life in unopened packaging:
production date + 12 months.
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