"Respiratory organs of animals" - The trachea is divided into two bronchi, which enter the right and left lungs. The respiratory system of birds. The structure and function of the respiratory system. The nasal cavity. Types of respiration Pulmonary Tissue (external) (cellular). Fish gills. Respiratory system organs. Blood. Biology lesson Grade 8 L.K. Yushkova. Respiratory system.
"Evolution of the circulatory system of animals" - Big circle: F-aorta-arteries-capillaries of organs-veins-PP. E) CLASS BIRDS and MAMMALS 2 circles of blood circulation, 4-chambered heart (PP, LA, RV, LV). Blood composition: The circles are the same. Get acquainted with the evolution of the circulatory system and blood circulation in different animals. C) CLASS EARTHWATER: 2 circles of blood circulation (small and large) 3-chambered heart (PP, LP, F).
"The structure of the nervous system of animals" - The meaning of the nervous system. The structure and function of the nervous system. Nervous system of amphibians. The nervous system of flatworms. Vertebrate nervous system. Test your knowledge. The nervous system of molluscs. The brain of birds. Nerve cell - a neuron consists of a body and processes. The nervous system of invertebrates is of a diffuse type.
"Organs and systems of animal organs" - Organs and systems of animal organs. Anal opening. A network of branched thin tubes through which air moves. Justify with the given examples. 2. Esophagus. eleven. ? Organ.
"Biology of the respiratory organs" - Lungs - a system of more and more branching tubes - flowing. Breathing of amphibians. Respiratory system of insects. 1.mouth. 2. Pharynx. 3.Trachea. 4.Bronchi. Respiration of crustaceans. How the breathing process takes place can be seen on the following slides. Spider breath. The respiratory system of birds. Presentation to the biology lesson Medvedev N.V MBOU “Likino - Dulevo Lyceum.
"Excretory organs" - Ribbon kidneys. Malpighian vessels are located in the body cavity. 1. 5. 4. Excretory organs of fish. 3. The simplest. Infusoria is a shoe. 1. The contractile vacuole is the organ of excretion. Ringed worms. 3. Organs of excretion - nephridia. 4.7.
There are 26 presentations in total
"Information about blood" - Explain the picture. Blood movement. We conduct training. Blood flow rate. Vaccine. What is shown in the picture. Reception at the emergency room. Blood. The type of bleeding. Heart attack. The movement of blood through the blood vessels.
“Blood group” - group I dominates among the natives of Australia and Polynesia. II (AO, AA) appeared later, presumably in the Middle East. It only appeared, maybe one or two thousand years ago. Group I. Creative, bright personalities. Theoretically substantiate the belonging of a person to four blood groups. Stress and long quarrels are hard to bear.
"Blood composition" - Proteins. Phagocytosis is the ability of cells to capture and digest microparticles of a substance or microorganisms. The name of I.I. Mechnikov is famous all over the world. Blood. Homeostasis is the property of living organisms to maintain the constancy of the internal environment of the organism. Decay products. Platelets are platelets.
"Blood grade 8" - Plasma; Serum; Thrombus; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Phagocytosis; Blood clotting; Scheme of oxygen transfer by hemoglobin. The quantitative composition of the blood. Leukocytes. Phagocytosis is the process of absorption and digestion by leukocytes of microbes and other foreign substances. But millions of ships are leaving the harbors to sail again. "
"Blood as the internal environment of the body" - Blood as a component of the internal environment of the body. The internal environment of the body. Platelets. Blood plasma. Blood clotting. Blood transfusion. Characteristics of blood groups. Internal environment. Leukocytes. Human circulatory system. Red blood cells.
“Human blood groups” - Blood group and sports. In my research, I used psychological tests. But there is also another point of view. Group II. The blood type diet became popular several years ago. They believe in their own strength, they are not devoid of emotionality. The most suitable diet for people with the second blood group is vegetarian.
There are 16 presentations in total
Type Ringed worms A closed circulatory system appears.
Blood moves along the dorsal (forward) and abdominal
(back) to the vessels, which are connected by annular
vessels in each segment.
The first five annular vessels pulsate,
ensuring the movement of blood.
The blood is colorless, red, or green.
Earthworm
The circulatory system is closed.The dorsal vessel passes over the digestive system.
In the abdominal vessel, blood moves backward.
In the area of the esophagus, the abdominal and dorsal vessels are combined 5
pairs of muscle tubes - "hearts".
In each segment, capillaries extend from the main vessels.
The blood is red.
Type Shellfish
The circulatory system is not closed.The contracting two-chambered heart drives blood into
open space (gaps) surrounding
body organs and not
having its own walls.
Arthropod type
The main part of the body cavity is hemocoel (partopen circulatory system).
The tubular heart is located in the dorsal part of the body.
From the heart there are vessels that flow into the hemocoel.
Blood enters the heart through special holes with
valves - ostia.
Type Chordates
ClassMammals
Pisces class
Class Amphibians
Bird class
Class
Reptiles
Pisces class
The circulatory system is closed, there is one circleblood circulation.
The blood carries gases, nutrients and metabolic products.
There is a two-chambered heart with muscular walls,
equipped with valves.
Blood from the veins enters the atrium, and from there into the ventricle.
From the ventricle, blood enters the abdominal aorta, which carries it to
gills, where gas exchange takes place.
The ventricle and atrium contract sequentially.
The venous blood is dark because there is little O2 in it (there is blood in the heart
venous).
From the gills, a bright red, arterial blood that collects
into the dorsal aorta, passing under the spine (in the tail it
goes in the lower arches of the vertebrae).
Arteries branch out into capillaries in tissues, in which
gas exchange occurs, that is, the blood becomes venous.
The heart beats rarely, blood flow is slow, so the level
metabolism in fish is low and the temperature is only 1 - 2 ° C higher
ambient temperature.
Class Amphibians
The three-chambered heart consists of one ventricle and two atria.Both atria and the ventricle contract alternately.
Venous blood from the great circle enters the right atrium
blood circulation.
Arterial blood from the lung enters the left atrium.
In the ventricle, the blood is only partially mixed due to the presence of special
distribution mechanisms (spiral valve, outgrowths and pockets),
preventing mixing of blood portions coming from different atria into
ventricle.
Only the brain receives oxygen-rich arterial blood,
which enters the carotid arteries that leave the heart.
The trunk and limbs are supplied with mixed blood flowing in arcs
aorta.
Oxygen-depleted blood enters the cutaneous-pulmonary arteries (small circle
circulation).
Low blood flow velocity and mixing of blood in the ventricles is evidence
low metabolic rate.
Body temperature depends on the temperature of the environment.
In hot weather, evaporation can cool the body.
With a cold snap, the activity of animals decreases.
In winter they hibernate.
Heart of Amphibians
Frog circulatory system
Reptile class
The circulatory system separates the venous andarterial blood is better than that of amphibians.
An incomplete ventricular septum reduces
mixing blood.
3 vessels depart from different places of the ventricle:
pulmonary artery with venous blood and two arches
aorta supplying arterial
blood to the head and forelimbs and
mixed blood - to the rest of the body.
This did not raise the level of metabolism to warm-bloodedness.
Lizard circulatory system
Bird class
Arterial and venous blood is separated byfour-chambered heart.
The aortic arch extending from the right ventricle has disappeared,
what
also eliminates mixing of blood. The arch of the aorta remains,
emerging from the left ventricle (in birds, this arch
called right).
Two vessels emerge from the heart:
pulmonary artery - departs from the right ventricle to
easy;
right aortic arch - departs from the left ventricle and gives
the beginning of a large circle of blood circulation.
The sparrow has a resting pulse of 500 beats per minute, and in flight
- 1,000, for a pigeon at rest - 165, and in flight - 550 strokes
per minute.
Class Mammals
The heart is four-chambered.Two circles of blood circulation: large and small.
The large circle begins in the left ventricle, from
which departs one left aortic arch, bearing
arterial blood to organs. Ends in right
the atrium, where venous blood is collected from the organs.
A small circle begins in the right ventricle, from which
the pulmonary artery carries venous blood to the lungs.
Arterial blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins
enters the left atrium.
Small non-nuclear erythrocytes of mammals
filled with hemoglobin, carrying O2 and CO2.
The smaller the heart rate
animal (a bull has 24 beats per minute, a mouse has 600).
Slide 1
Biology presentation on "Evolution of the circulatory system"
Shanaeva O.V. Biology teacher
Slide 2
The circulatory system is
a system of tubes and planes through which blood circulation takes place. And also the organ system, which provides blood circulation in the human and animal body. Through blood circulation, oxygen and nutrients are delivered to organs and tissues throughout the body, while carbon dioxide, other metabolic products and waste products are excreted.
Slide 3
Slide 4
Circulatory system of annelids.
Ringed worms are the first group of organisms to develop a circulatory system. The basis of the circulatory system of worms are: Abdominal vessel; Dorsal vessel; Annular vessels.
Slide 5
Features of the circulatory system of annelids:
1. Closed (blood flows exclusively through the vessels, thus the exchange of substances is carried out between blood and tissue only through the walls of the vessels). 2. The blood contains an iron-containing protein close to hemoglobin. 3. Annelids have no heart at all. It is replaced by 5 large annular vessels (hearts), the walls of which are able to contract. They drive blood from the back of the body to the front. From there, the blood passes into the abdominal vessel, where it moves in the opposite direction - from front to back; the walls of the abdominal vessel cannot contract.
Slide 6
The circulatory system of mollusks (for example, a pond snail).
Features: 1. Open (vessels are interrupted by spaces that do not have special walls, and the blood interacts with body tissues directly). 2. Shellfish have a heart. Consists of - two atria and one ventricle. 3. Blood saturated with oxygen enters from the gills or lungs into the atria, then it passes into the ventricle and is pushed out into the arteries, then the blood is distributed to organs and tissues.
Slide 7
The circulatory system of arthropods.
Slide 8
Features of the circulatory system of arthropods:
1. The circulatory system is not closed, because the hemolymph circulates, in fact, in the myxocel - a "mixed" body cavity formed from the primary cavity and the remnants of the secondary cavity. The blood thus fills the space between the internal organs. 2. Arthropods have no real blood! Instead of it, hemolymph flows in their body (does not have erythrocytes and hemoglobin). Hemolymph consists of - plasma, inorganic salts and organic compounds. 3. Hemoglobin substitute - hemocyanin (contains copper instead of iron and performs the same function - oxygen transfer).
Slide 9
Chordate circulatory system.
Slide 10
Features of the circulatory system of the lancelet.
1. Partially closed 2. He has only one circle of blood circulation. 3. Venous and arterial blood practically do not differ in composition. 4. Thin walls of blood vessels allow to saturate blood with oxygen not only through the gill arteries, but also through the entire surface of the body.
Slide 11
Features of the circulatory system of fish:
1. Consists of - two-chambered heart; abdominal aorta; dorsal aorta; an additional artery and capillaries feeding various organs, a vein that collects "used" blood. 2. Closed. Has one circle of blood circulation. 3. Fish blood contains fewer red blood cells, but more white blood cells (due to low metabolism and an abundance of microorganisms)
Slide 12
Features of the circulatory system of amphibians.
1. Closed 2. The second circle of blood circulation appears. 3. The heart consists of three chambers (the ventricle and two atria).
Slide 13
Features of the circulatory system of reptiles.
1. Closed 2. Two circles of blood circulation. 3. Each atrium has an individual opening that opens into the heart ventricle with a valve formed by the folds of the inner lining. 4. An incomplete ventricular septum, during the period of tension of the heart muscle, completely separates both parts of it, which makes it possible to divide blood flows with different oxygen composition. The right side of the ventricle receives venous blood displaced by the arterial component of blood from the left atrium.
Loading ...