- Directory of medicinal plants. It describes the healing and therapeutic properties of various herbs, their use in the form of decoctions, infusions, tinctures, ointments, powder. Each article provides a complete list of contraindications to the use of concrete herbs.
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Treatment of herbs is very ancient art, information about which has reached this day in a documented form. It is known that in archaeological excavations, evidence was found that even in Mesopotamia was treated with herbs, it was six thousand years ago. The very first official data on the grass tracked from China - from about 2700 to our era. Although there are other mention of miraculous plants that are also coming from China, but they are dating earlier years. Plants also used in ancient Egypt, but not only in medicine, and even in cooking and cosmetics.
The fact that herbs were used to treat diseases, they still say in the Old Testament. Must be heard about "Ayurveda" - East-Indian Medical Philosophy, what does "science about life" mean? It is this philosophy for the most part and influenced the distribution around the world of herbage, since in this philosophy, the grass has been used for medicinal purposes for several thousand years. Some medical books "Ayurveda" have been preserved to this day, which were officially recognized as modern science as medical textbooks, despite the fact that they were written 3500 years ago.
In Europe, the first study on the use of herbs in therapeutic purposes was carried out in the first century of our era by the Greek doctor named Dioscarid. But the Indians in America knew about the medicinal strength of herbs long before the Europeans understood, some of their knowledge they were handed over to pioneers. Up to the start of our century, the development and development of the science of pharmacology took place, all drugs in the world were prepared exclusively using plants. The most respected people in cities and villages were considered those who understood the plants well and knew how to treat people with their help.
In the past, people were treated not only by teas cooked from herbs, but also oils, ointments, tinctures, extracts, parires, all this could prepare gatherers, translated into a modern language - doctors. It is their ability to prepare medicines from plants that became the so-called progenitor of modern medicines, which now cost big money. For example, Digitalis, which is used to treat cardiac arrhythmia, was based on a dimension. Substances synthesized from white willow bark are contained in all aspirin widely used. Theofedrine and ephedrine is contained in a huge number of patented drugs, they are extracted from ephedron, which another five thousand years ago were treated with a cold and flu in China. Currently, there are a large number of synthesized drugs.
Of course, we are all very grateful to our modern pharmacists, as they invented a large amount of medicines, thanks to which we can quickly cure serious diseases that were led to a fatal outcome. In these medicines, accurate doses of necessary substances that help with one or another disease are collected. However, each drug has both side effects, for this reason our old good plants still do not lose their attractiveness. This is especially true when the disease is just beginning to develop and in order to get rid of it, we need a soft but effective remedy without side effects.
We know that medicines of plant and animal origin in nature are closer to the human body than synthetic drugs, their effects are softer, they rarely give side reactions. Therefore, medications from plants and natural products have always been so popular.
Each plant has special properties, which are different on the human body. The world of medicinal plants is a peculiar live laboratory that synthesizes and highlights substances with the ability to restore human energy, strengthen its physical health, nervous system and psyche.
From how reasonably and correctly we use the healing substances and the power of the sun, the properties of medicinal plants depends on the plants, the health and quality of our life depends.
Agree, people and diseases at all times walked nearby, but humanity survived. So, there is a system of recovery of the body, which can relieve diseases, restore health. And this system is traditional medicine, which is known from ancient times, tested by many years of medical practice. The kingdom of plants is an inexhaustible source, from which, in the deep antiquity, people drenched a precious balm from any diseases.
Many diverse plants grow on Earth, who have roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruit can have the healing effect on the human and animal organism. They can be found everywhere: in the forests, steppes, on the swamps, in the mountains, in gardens and gardens.
The properties of different types of plants are due to the presence of natural chemicals in them: alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, vitamins, minerals, organic acids, bitterness, essential oils, tannins. Depending on the presence of these substances, plant tools may be toning, soothing, painful, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and other actions.
Medicinal plants and their use
A person in his surrounding nature has always been interested in medicinal plants and their application. The first mention of the treatment of herbs - phytotherapy - appeared in China approximately 2500 years before our era.
Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Indians and Aztecs 1000 BC. e. Already knew about the properties of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants were used according to their pharmacological properties - many tonic, laxatives, soothing plants that are used by man and in our time were known.
On the site "Journey to the world of nature" in the heading is described diverse in folk and modern scientific medicine, in our daily life to restore energy, health promotion, improving the quality of human life.
Watch an interesting video about therapeutic properties of herbs - a story about the strength of the famous monastery trains:
So let's draw health from the kingdom of plants - an inexhaustible source of life!
1) Horsetail (Equisetum Arvense L.)
A perennial grassy plant with a very developed root. It grows as weeding on the fields, especially on clay soils, in the meadows, along the banks of the rivers, in the nursed forests.
Collect the above-ground part - green summer shoots - in June - August. Dried in attics with good ventilation.
The drug is used as a diuretic for heart and other diseases accompanied by stagnation.
2) PRIMULA VERIS L.)
Perennial herbaceous plant. Flowers early spring. Grows in forests, among shrubs, on the slopes.
Collect leaves at the beginning of flowering when they contain the largest number of vitamins, and immediately dried. Roots dig in autumn or early spring, dried in the attic or outdoors.
The leaf tincture is used for avitaminosis, the decoction of the roots - as an expectorant.
3) Humus (Humusuls Lupulus L.)
Perennial grassy liana. Growing on raw places, on the banks of rivers, on the edges, among shrubs, sometimes in the forests.
Complications are harvested ("cones") hops in August - early September. Dried immediately - in the air or in attic. Infusion is used for neurosis, insomnia, gastritis, cystitis.
4) LIVISTICS OFFICINALE KOCH)
Also refers to many years of herbaceous plants with direct cylindrical branched stems height up to 2 m. It grows mainly in Ukraine, cultivated as a medicinal, decorative and spicy plant.
All parts of the plant smell like. Collected in September - October. The decoction is used in water, nervous and heart disease.
5) Fennel Ordinary (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill)
Mostly a two-year-old, sometimes a perennial herbaceous plant, height up to 2 m. It is common in the Crimea, in the Caucasus and in Central Asia, cultivated in Ukraine; In Crimea is not happy.
Gather Fennel fruits at the beginning of ripening, when they acquire a greenish yellow painting. Dried in the shade at good ventilation. The decoction is used as an exciting appetite and an improvement digestion. Used in the food industry and in perfumery.
6) Juniper Communis L.
Shrub or low rod. Grows in pine forests, on the edges. They collect hishcakes of juniper in the fall (September - October), shaking them with a bush on the litter.
Dried in air or in attic. Preparations are used as a diuretic. Used in the food industry.
7) Berberis Vulgaris L.)
Growing among shrubs, on the edges, in lowlands and in the foothills. The roots are harvested early in spring or late autumn (October). Collect further from the root of no more than ΒΌ root plant. Dried in attics or under sheds.
Corah is collected during the period of deputies, leaves - after flowering. Preparations are used as a choleretic agent, as well as when bleeding related to inflammatory processes. An infusion of leaves is used as a hemostatic agent.
8) Calluna Vulgaris (L.) Hill)
Evergreen, branched shrubs, a height of 30-70 cm. Grows on poor soils, in forests, seeded places, in the mountains, on the edges, mountain pastures. It is found in Russia and Ukraine.
Collect the above-ground part (grass) during the flowering period (July - September). Dried in the shade in the air, in the attic, indoors, laying out a thin layer. The decoction or infusion is used for bile-stone disease, cold, rheumatism, gout and as a diuretic and coating agent.
9) Dyagil Drug (Archangelica Officinalis (Moench.) Hoffm.)
This is a herbaceous two-year plant tall up to 2m. Grows on the swamps, along the banks of the rivers. Cultivated as a medicinal and spicy plant.
Collect root in spring and autumn. Dried in attics, indoors. An infusion is used as a diuretic and wind turbulent, as well as to enhance the intestinal peristals.
10) Ordinary Motherboard (Leonurus Cardiaca L.)
Perennial herbaceous plants, height up to 1 m. Growing on weed places. Distributed in forest-steppe and steppe areas.
Collect herbal grass (upper pieces of stems) during flowering. Dried in attics. Preparations are used as a heart calming agent.
11) European EUROPAEM L. Kear (Asarum Europaeum L.) (Varagusha, Hair)
A perennial grassy plant, wintering with green leaves resembling an imprint of a horse hoof. Growing in wide and mixed forests.
Collect rhizome (with roots) and the leaves in the spring (April - May). The infusion of grass is used in cardiovascular diseases to normalize blood circulation.
12) White mistletoe (Viscum Album L.) (Damn Pomel)
Collect leaves and annual shoots in autumn and winter. Dried indoors or in the furnace at low temperature. Preparations are used as a means of lowering blood pressure (with atherosclerosis with high pressure and related phenomena).
13) Purple Purple (Digitalis Purpurea L.)
Two-year plants with a height of the stem up to 1.2 meters. Collect leaves from plants of the second year of life, sometimes the socket leaves of the first year (from July to autumn).
Dry immediately after harvesting at a temperature of 40-60 degrees. Preparations are used as a tonic and regulating activity of the heart and blood vessels, with chronic insufficiency and other diseases of the heart.
14) Epheredra Two-School, Rough (Ephedra Distachya L.) (Swival, Kuzmicheva Grass)
Shrub with yellow-green-green tone-branches. Outwardly similar to the hat. Grows on stony places, sands, especially in seaside and steppe slopes. Spilled ephedra in the forest-steppe and steppe part of Ukraine.
They collect thin branches, called "grass", in August-September. Dried indoors or in air. Preparations are used as toning nervous and cardiovascular systems, with bronchial asthma, shock, bleeding.
15) Ruta plowing (Ruta Hortensis Mill.)
Perennial shrub with a very strong smell. In a wild form dwells in the Crimea.
They collect from the root only the tops of the stems during flowering. Drying is produced in the shade or in attic. Preparations are used as stimulating, antiseptic, antispasmodic.
I have all the guys, the first selection is completed.
As mentioned, this is just a mini idea of \u200b\u200btherapeutic herbs. Posts are being prepared that will tell you the useful and therapeutic properties of each plant, how to apply in what doses and under what diseases.
See you in new posts. Successes, happiness and health to you.
Medicinal plants and their use occupies an important niche in the field of medicine and pharmaceuticals. Each healing plant has its own unique properties, indications and contraindications. For what purposes, and what methods can use medicinal plants?
Properties of medicinal plants are numerous and varied. Each vegetable element produces special substances affecting the immune, nervous, cardiovascular system, and also restores the human energy balance.
Detailed properties and features of each healing plant are examined by such sciences such as pharmacology, phytototherapy, pharmaceuticals. From a long time, the actions of the healing herbs are studying and used in the practice of herbalists, signs, specialists from traditional medicine.
When using medicinal plants in medicine and pharmaceutical, experts subdivide them into several basic groups, depending on the main active substances. Each group is characterized by the presence of certain therapeutic properties:
How are such plants useful?
The use of medicinal plants in the medical and pharmacological sphere is characterized by a number of undeniable advantages. Unlike most medication, plant drugs are not toxic, natural, bioavailable, have a minimum of contraindications and possible unwanted reactions.
In addition, doctors indicate such beneficial properties of medicinal plants:
By virtue of its mild effects and the absence of aggressive chemicals, most medicinal plants can be completely safely appointed in the therapy of pregnant and nursing moms, patients of old age, as well as young children.
For the treatment of what diseases are suitable?
The range of use of medicinal plants is very wide. Experts actively use them to combat such diseases:
- disorders in the functioning of the respiratory system;
- chronic diseases, with frequent relapses;
- dermatological diseases;
- disorders in the functioning of the heart and blood vessels;
- pathologies affecting the respiratory system;
- urinary tract diseases;
- nervous diseases;
- disorders in the functioning of the neuroendocrine system.
In addition, many healing plants and medicines made on their basis are used to strengthen the human immune system.
Methods of using medicinal plants in medicine
Methods for using medicinal plants in the field of medicine and pharmaceuticals are divided into two main categories: internal and outdoor. Medicines based on healing plants are taken inside in the form of infusions, decoctions, herbal teas, syrups, extracts and powders.
To carry out local treatment, powders, compresses from infusions and decoctions are used, and ointments from medicinal plants are used.
How to prepare infusions?
Healing infusions from healing plants can be used to receive inside, as well as the preparation of compresses and lotions. In order to make the infusion, it will take a spoon of crushed medicinal herbs (the plant is selected taking into account its properties, depending on the diagnosis of the patient and the functional purpose) and the glass of pure water.
Prepared infusions, both cold and hot ways. In the first case, herbs are flooded with cool water, and then insist for 8 hours and filtered with marlevary tissue.
With a hot method of cooking, vegetable raw materials need to be pouring boiling water and to peel on low heat for about 15 minutes. After that, the tincture is cooled and fastened with the help of all the same marlevic tissue.
Preparation of herbal powders
Powders made of healing herbs are suitable for both reception and local, outdoor use. To prepare such a powder, first of all, it will be necessary to prepare raw materials - thoroughly dry the medicinal plant.
The method itself is extremely simple: the plant is thoroughly crushed to the powder state (this can be done with an ordinary coffee grinder or a special mortar, like real herbalists). The resulting medicine is saved in a darkened place, in any idea with a tightly closing lid.
Alcohol tinctures of medicinal plants
The tincture of medicinal herbs based on medical alcohol is characterized by a particularly strong effect, and therefore are accepted in minimal concentrations agreed with the attending physician. Be sure to breed alcohol herbal tinctures in clean water!
The raw materials insist on medical alcohol throughout the temporary time from 10 days to 2-3 months. The resulting medicine is saved in a glass bottle, which is recommended to close the lid tightly and put into a darkened place protected from the penetration of sunlight. With proper storage, alcohol tincture based on medicinal herbs saves its healing amazing properties for several years.
Mazi from medicinal herbs
Based on medicinal herbs, you can also prepare a healing ointment, which is subsequently used for compresses and therapeutic applications. As a raw material for ointments, specialists use both raw and dried herbs.
In order to obtain the ointment, the phyto-element used is mandatory connected to a substance with an astringent effect. For these purposes, it is possible to use creamy or vegetable oils, pork fat, vaseline or lanolin.
It should be noted that the term of savings of ointments made on the basis of animal fats is a short and can be of no more than a few weeks.
Preparation of decoction
Herbal decrains are considered one of the most common methods of using medicinal plants. Such means are absorbed by the body slightly longer than infusions, but it is a longer and pronounced effect.
In addition, herbal decoctions are preparing extremely simple. It is easy to pour a tablespoon of raw materials with a small amount of water, boil, filing and diluted with clean water to the desired volumes.
However, the specialists of phytotherapy are still not advised to abuse herbal decoctions, because when boiling some actors of plants are destroyed. The maximum duration of the storage of vegetable beams is two days.
Possible unwanted reactions
Despite the fact that herbal medicines are usually carried by patients very well, without side effects, in some cases there is still a possibility of manifestation of the following unwanted reactions:
It is worth noting that the unpleasant symptoms listed above are usually manifested when using medicinal plants with a toxic effect, with prolonged use and non-compliance with the recommended dosage.
How to use medicinal plants?
Experts allocate the following rules for the use of medicinal plants, which must be adhered to:
When drug plants are contraindicated?
The main contraindication to the use of medicinal plants is the increased tendency of the patient to allergic reactions, as well as the individual intolerance to certain vegetable substances. Each single plant has its own restrictions for use.
Contraindications to the use of the most common medicinal plants are as follows:
Preliminary consultation with the attending physician will help to establish the presence or absence of contraindications to the use of a kind of medicinal plant, making the therapeutic course extremely effective, and most importantly, completely safe!
The use of medicinal plants in the field of modern medicine and pharmaceuticals ensures effective treatment of a number of diseases. The advantages of using drugs based on healing plants are to be protected, the softness of action, internally absence of contraindications and adverse reactions, along with high performance indicators.
However, with long-term and uncontrolled use, even natural means can affect health significantly. Therefore, before the start of treatment with medicinal plants, it is necessary to consult with a specialist and continue to strictly follow its recommendations!
The section describes the medicinal plants - places of their growing and healing properties, rules for collecting and storing. You will learn how to take these plants, what role they play in human life. Below is a list of names in alphabetical order main, in terms of use in medicine, medicinal plants with detailed descriptions, pictures and recommendations for the treatment of various diseases.
Medicinal plants are an extensive group of plants used in medical and veterinary practice with various kinds of diseases with therapeutic or preventive objectives. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants are due to the presence of certain chemical compounds in them - the so-called active substances.
Medicinal plants are used in the form of fees, or teas, powders and others or after processing (see, dosage forms). Special groups of drugs prepared from medicinal plants on chemical-pharmaceutical plants make up the products of their primary processing (fatty and essential oils, resins and others), clean (without impurities of ballast substances) the amount of active substances, individual chemical compounds and their combinations. Active substances are divided into medicinal plants unevenly. Only those parts of the plant are usually used, where the maximum number of active substances accumulates. The composition and the number of active substances in medicinal plants change during the year, with the age of the plant and, depending on the conditions of its habitat, temperature, illumination, air, soil conditions, etc. Many medicinal plants represent only historical interest, as it is currently in medicine not used.
List of essential wild and cultured medicinal plants
The nomenclature of medicinal plants permitted for use in medical practice contains about 160 titles. Preparations or raw materials 103 of these plants are described in the tenth edition of the State USSR (GFC). Requests in the raw materials of medicinal plants are approximately half a tonnage and about 75% on nomenclature are satisfied due to the collection of wild plant plants, and the rest - due to cultured medicinal plants.
The morphological description of annual medicinal plants introduced into the Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR, the content of biologically active substances is given, the viability of plants in new conditions is described and some issues of agrotechnika growing are considered.
Recently, interest in the treatment of herbs has increased, which in turn increased the number of collectors. However, it is impossible to use medicinal plants, not knowing their properties and chemical composition. Many medicinal plants, their distribution and application are described in popular publications. Chemical composition, methods for obtaining certain biologically active substances from plants are considered in scientific papers. Despite the seemingly abundance of famous medicinal herbs, new ones are opening, which pass primary tests in botanical gardens and at experienced stations. Botanical gardens located in various climatic zones of the globe have collections of certain medicinal plants to study biological features, medicinal properties and methods of growing these herbs. Thanks to this, all new types of medicinal plants are introduced into industry. Seeds are the main material for exchanging with other botanical gardens and other organizations. Such work is carried out in the Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR.
The section presents some information about annual medicinal plants grown on an experimental site, data on some long known plants, but for some reason forgotten are presented. Most of the plants synthesizes the useful substances in the above-ground mass - in the grass (daisy pharmacy, a series, snake, smokey), many species are the value of seeds, (Coriander, Anis, Durasa, Len, poppy sleeping bag, and dr.). In some plants, flowers (calendula medicinal, cornflower blue, etc.) have medicinal properties.
Our perennial studies show that many introduced plants do not change chemical composition, often the quantitative content of the active substances is not inferior to the content in wild. The study of the chemical composition of medicinal plants was carried out jointly with the laboratory of the Institute of Physiology and Experimental Pathology of the Highlands and the Laboratory of Natural Compounds of the Organic Institute.
All plants are divided into two groups: 1) entered into scientific medicine and included in the Soviet Union Pharmacopoeia; 2) used in folk medicine. 
Medicinal plants are the types of plant organisms used for the manufacture of therapeutic and prophylactic drugs that are used in medical and veterinary practice. Herbal medicines are over 30% of all drugs that appeal in the global market. In the USSR, about 40% of the medical preparations used are made from plants.
About 2500 species of plants from the Flora of the USSR, including those used in folk medicine, have a drug importance.
The variety of soil-climatic conditions of the USSR allows you to introduce numerous types of foreign medicinal plants of cold, moderate and subtropical belts on its territory.
As a raw material for the chemical pharmaceutical industry, in the pharmacy network and for exports, more than 600 species of plants can be found. From this quantity, except for minor medicinal plants, only about 200 species belonging to 70 families are practically consumed in medicine (mainly seven. Comprehensive, rose-colored, legumes, lubber, umbrella, grated, buckwheat, cruciferous, buttercups). About 70% of the medicinal plants used are used in Galenic production, the remaining types are used in the pharmacy network, homeopathy and go to export.
In the harvesting of wild and cultured medicinal plants, as a rule, individual organs or parts of the plant are collected.
The collection of medicinal vegetable raw materials is carried out within a period of time - during periods of maximum accumulation of active ingredients. The collected raw materials are usually dried.
In the USSR, a versatile study of medicinal plants is conducted in medicine (identification of their reserves, introducing into culture, increase the yield and finding ways to reduce the cost of raw materials, the establishment of the best timing of the collection, the conditions of drying and storage of raw materials, the preparation of new drugs and dosage forms).
There are searches for new and cheaper sources of plant raw materials to replace them already known imported or deficient therapeutic drugs, as well as medicinal plants with a new pharmacological and therapeutic effect (studying their chemical composition, pharmacological activity and therapeutic value, the development of the production of drugs and the manufacture of them) .
New medicinal plants and physiologically active substances of plant origin are detected by solid or selective chemical and pharmacological examination of the flora of individual areas of the USSR. At the same time take into account information about the use of certain medicinal plants in folk medicine.
When directed searching for a certain compound, the views and childbirth, philogenetically close to the plant, were studied, from which this connection has already been highlighted.
Thus, over 6,000 species of plants were previously studied for the content of alkaloids, over 4,000, about 2000, saponins were studied for the presence of heartcosides of heart effect - about 3000, flavonoids - about 1000, kumarins - about 1000 species.
As a result, a large number of individual chemicals was allocated and a lot of new healing preparations were created on them.
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