Everyone should know their blood type. Of course, if treatment takes place in a hospital, then the doctors themselves will be able to determine it. But there are emergency situations when not a minute can be lost, so the information about the blood must be known.
What is this data?
Back in the last century, blood was divided into 4 groups. For the first time this was done by a scientist from Australia. Today, many parents, who should have a child in the near future, want to know the different data of their baby. In this case, determining the color of the eyes or hair is a procedure that is performed for the sake of curiosity. But knowing the blood type can be very important information.
Today, these indicators are used not only for medical purposes. They are used in order to find out the future, to find a suitable diet.
In addition, the Rh factor is also determined. This indicator is also passed on from parents.
How are these indicators determined?
To get this data, you need to go to the hospital. Experts in the laboratory will be able to do this. This does not require special assignments. It is enough to come to a therapist who will write out a referral. After that, in the morning, a specialist will take blood for analysis, and later the indicators will be known. This procedure is done on an empty stomach. The blood is taken from a vein or finger and then sent to a laboratory. There, specialists carry out special manipulations, after which the person will know his blood type.
Determination of blood data without tests
Many people postpone going to the doctor because they are embarrassed by the queues at the clinics, or there is simply not enough time. And some individuals want to determine the blood group on their own for the sake of interest. After that, they are eagerly awaiting confirmation of their own assumptions from the doctor. There are different motivations that lead a person to determine these data at home. And it's really possible to do it yourself.
The first way
Initially, it is recommended that you revise your documents. Sometimes the necessary indicators are already indicated in the passport or medical card, since they have long been identified and recorded in the document. A person could forget this information over the years. Often, a blood group is recorded in a code that at first glance seems incomprehensible. If you noticed any numbers and letters, you should know what they mean:
- if 0 or 00 is specified, this indicates the first group;
- A (0A) - about the second;
- B (0B) - about the third;
- AB - about the fourth.
Also in these documents the Rh factor may be indicated. There should be either a plus or a minus next to the combination of letters Rh, which, respectively, indicates a positive or negative Rh.
Second way
But it often happens that such information is not indicated in the documents. There are some dubious theories regarding blood typing. It is believed to influence a person's taste preferences. Therefore, it is recommended that you remember your favorite foods, which will help define your group. This theory speaks of such data:
- owners of the first blood group are very fond of meat;
- the second - they love vegetables and cereals;
- the third - are distinguished by a special addiction to dairy products;
- fourth - they love different food.
But there is no conclusive evidence that this theory is true. It is also believed that a particular group can influence character. Therefore, some experts advise you to try to find it out using the following data:
- People with the first group have a strong character. They are often leaders who go towards a specific goal.
- The owners of the second group, on the contrary, are quiet, calm people.
- If the blood group is the third, then the person is distinguished by openness, he is an optimist, loves communication, easily finds contact with people.
- But individuals with the fourth group are often versatile. But experts have not yet determined other characteristics.
But character, food preferences, as you know, are influenced by upbringing, life factors. Therefore, these methods are rather dubious. The most accurate indicators can only be provided by a doctor.
Determination of data in a child
Young children are ordinary people, for this reason the previous methods can also be attributed to them. But many parents want to know the blood type even before the baby is born. To do this, you should have information about the indicators of the mother and father, because genetically, a certain combination of numbers will be transmitted to the child, which indicates the blood group. Above, the decoding of these indicators has already been described.
For example, if the mother has a fourth group, which is recorded as AB, and the father has the second (0B), then their heir may have different indicators. As a result, doctors can define group 2, 3 or 4, namely A, B or AB, respectively. The likelihood that a baby will have a B indicator increases if we consider the numbers and letters of his parents.
The Rh factor is also easily recognized. If it is negative for both the father and the mother, then their heir will also receive it without fail. But there are situations when these indicators differ for parents. In this case, it will be unrealistic to find out the Rh factor, since it can be obtained by anyone.
It is impossible to know exactly the indicators of the unborn child. One can only guess what they might be. 100% is determined only by the group that does not appear in the baby. If she is the first of the father and mother, then the heir will receive the same blood. But it can also manifest itself in parents with group 3. Therefore, it is better not to guess, but after birth to determine all indicators in laboratory conditions, which are accurate.
But there are centers in the modern world in which all this data can be found out even before the baby is born. But you shouldn't do this kind of research just for fun. They are carried out when there is a threat to the life of the unborn child.
So, despite a number of theories with which one can assume an indicator relative to human blood, it is recommended to go to clinics, where accurate data will be provided.
The division of blood into four different groups happened not so long ago. Around 1901, Karl Landsteiner, who later became a Nobel Prize winner, managed to single out the first three - A, B and O, which became fundamental for all medicine. The fourth group was discovered later only because it is quite rare among Europeans. And in 1928, the official designations of all four groups were approved - O (I), A (II), B (III) and AB (IV). And, although today more than 250 varieties of blood are known, it is important to know exactly these four, since they are the most important and serious.
Why is it necessary to be informed about how to find out your blood type? There are several reasons. The most serious is that you may need to. The fact is that the groups have mutual compatibility. For example, a person with blood 2 (A) can only donate to recipients (needing a blood transfusion) with 2 (A) and 4 (AB). Therefore, people who are in a combat zone or are employed at work that pose a risk to their lives are given special tokens or stripes indicating their blood group along with the Rh factor. This is done to ensure that healthcare professionals know these data accurately in any situation. Indeed, in such cases, medical attention is often required immediately, and the patient may be unconscious. Also, information about is sometimes indicated in the passport. This is done more as a precaution, but in the event of an accident, it can be of great help to doctors.
Therefore, you need to take care of where and how to find out your blood type as early as possible.
This factor is inherited and does not change throughout life, so you will have to spend time determining it only once. Moreover, what group the child will have depends on the parents. If you are interested in how to find out the blood group at home, albeit approximately, here are detailed examples of which combinations give one or another result. It doesn't matter if mom or dad has a certain type.
The combination of the first two groups will result in the same with 100% probability.
First and second - first or second.
First and third - first or third.
First and fourth - third or second.
The second two - the first or the second.
Third and second - second, first, third or fourth.
The second and fourth - one of them, as well as the third.
When two-thirds of the groups are combined, the child will have a third or first.
Third and fourth - second, third or fourth.
If both parents have a fourth, then the baby will receive the same, or the third, or the second.
Here's how to find out your blood type from the table. As you can see, the results are quite different, even if the parents have the same one. According to statistics, the majority of the world's population has the second or first groups, and the rarest has the fourth.
There is also such a thing as the Rh factor. It is denoted by the letters Rh with plus (for positive) and minus (for negative). Together it looks like this: 2 (A) Rh- means with It is also important, since the blood of people with different indicators is incompatible. This is taken into account when transfusing or performing surgery. Also, the Rh factor affects the course of pregnancy with a negative value in the expectant mother. If the baby is positive, it can cause certain problems during gestation and childbirth. But you should not be afraid of this, since modern medicine has already learned how to correct such a situation, and pregnancy in most cases ends well.
Until the moment you know your blood group exactly 100%, you will need to consult your doctor and get tested. This is done in any clinic and does not take much time. Doctors also carry out blood tests if, for some reason, you need serious medical attention, and this factor is not reflected in your medical record.
At present, there are even certain diets for the owners of various groups, and it is believed that the predisposition to diseases is often associated with this factor.
When passing a medical examination, registering a woman for pregnancy, registering in a hospital, donating blood, one of the questions that the patient must ask the patient concerns the blood group and the Rh factor. This information is of great value in case of urgent blood transfusion or emergency surgery. How to find out the blood group and what to do with this information?
Blood groups: classification
For simplicity and convenience, many countries use the AB0 system, according to which all people are divided into 4 large groups depending on the presence / absence of antigens and antibodies in the blood.
- Two types of antibodies (agglutinins in blood plasma) - α and β
- Two types of antigens (substances that simulate the production of antibodies) in erythrocytes - A and B
Accordingly, the following options are possible:
- Group 0 (first group) - both types of antibodies are present in the blood, but no antigens. This blood type is the most common. It is believed that it is she who is the ancestor of all the others, which appeared as a result of changes in the living conditions and nutrition of people.
- Group A0 (second group). In the blood, respectively, antigen A and agglutinin β are present.
- Group B0 (third group) - characterized by the presence of antigen B in the plasma, and antibodies α in erythrocytes.
- Group AB (fourth group) is the opposite of the first, both antigens migrate in the blood, there are no antibodies. This group is the youngest, scientists attribute its appearance to the spread of mixed marriages, a kind of evolution of the circulatory system: the fourth group is the rarest, but people with such blood are universal recipients, they are suitable for transfusion of blood of any of the four groups.
People with the first blood group are considered universal donors, it is suitable for everyone else, while patients with blood 0 themselves accept only blood of their own group for transfusion. Accordingly, the blood of the first and its own groups is suitable for the second and third groups.
In addition to the blood group, another important indicator is taken into account: the Rh factor.
If antigen D is found on the surface of erythrocytes (red blood cells), then it is customary to talk about positive rhesus and denote it in the letter Rh +. About 85% of people around the world are considered "positive". The remaining 15% of D antigen is not detected, are called Rh-negative and are designated as Rh-.
Here's how blood groups are written with the Rh factor:
- II (0) Rh + / I (0) Rh -
- II (A0, AA) Rh + / II (A0, AA) Rh-
- III (B0, BB) Rh + / III (B0, BB) Rh-
- IV (AB) Rh + / IV (AB) Rh-
Where can I find the blood type?
- The easiest way to determine a blood group is to be tested at a clinic or medical center. The blood is mixed with standard, specially prepared sera and by agglutination, after 5 minutes the group is determined. Similarly, the Rh factor is determined using anti-rhesus serum. The test takes a little time, is highly accurate and allows in emergency cases to quickly give an answer about the patient's group affiliation.
- Make your own rapid test at home.
Home test for Rh factor
The pharmacy sells kits for self-determination of the blood group. They include a test strip on which the reagents are applied, a needle, a pipette and a circuit for determining the result.
A drop of blood from a finger is applied to the areas of the test strip and the result is evaluated after a certain time.
Before carrying out the determination, you need to make sure that the packaging is not damaged, that the expiration date of the test has not passed. This method is convenient for determining the blood group in the elderly, weak, bedridden patients, in small children.
Determination of the blood group in the laboratory is more reliable and, if possible, it is worth entrusting such a responsible matter to professionals.
Where is the blood type recorded?
After determination, data on the blood group and Rh factor are entered into the medical record. Men of military age, women liable for military service receive a mark in their military ID. A similar stamp can be put on the passport so that urgent assistance can be provided immediately if necessary.
Methods for conducting a study of belonging to blood groups without taking tests
- The blood group of the child can be determined by the parents. In some cases, an option is possible, in some the answer will be unambiguous. In parents with the same rhesus, the child inherits it with a 100% probability. If the parents have a different Rh factor, then the chances of inheriting any of them are equal. In cases where a Rh-positive mother develops an Rh-negative fetus, a Rh-conflict is possible, fraught with miscarriage and early miscarriages. It is very important to take action by the doctor.
- The first group is monovariant: parents with blood group 0 can have children only with the same group. In other cases, options are possible. The first group can "appear" in parents with the second and third groups, but never with the fourth.
Since the exact answer can be obtained only for a child whose both parents have the first positive blood group, tests are still needed in all other cases.
The combination of different blood groups, especially when the mother is with the first group, can lead to the development of late gestosis and eclampsia, the woman should be under the supervision of a doctor, constantly monitor blood clotting, and if necessary, take blood thinners. In some cases, antigenic sera are indicated. Hemolytic jaundice is often observed in newborns.
By blood groups, the character of a person is determined and special diets are made:
- People with the first blood group are light and sociable, purposeful, emotional and trusting. In food, they prefer meat products, and in order to lose weight, they need to give up dairy foods;
- The second blood group "disposes" to daydreaming and solitude, assumes an analytical mindset and the ability to listen to the interlocutor. The diet of such people is dominated by plant foods, but meat should be reduced to a minimum;
- People with the third blood group are creative bohemians, originals and outrageous lovers. They love dairy products, but fatty meat, seafood, nuts are alien food for them;
- The fourth group "rewards" with a light character, excellent intuition and independence. Recommended for them are seafood, green vegetables and fruits, rice; banned - red meat and offal, mushrooms, nuts, some fruits.
Determining the blood group by taste, appearance or character traits is akin to fortune telling on coffee grounds. A medical test is not difficult, it is worth doing it once, fixing the results officially and not returning to this issue again
There were times when it never occurred to people that they could have a different blood type and that this could be important in the provision of medical care.
Only at the beginning of the 20th century, foreign researchers managed to isolate four different blood groups and establish that it is unacceptable to mix them in order to avoid the destruction of blood cells and death. In our material, we tell you how to determine your blood type, and find out how this affects a person's character.
Why know your blood type
Human blood contains red blood cells, which are responsible for the delivery of oxygen to the cells of the entire body. These cells contain antigens, and the plasma contains agglutinins (antibodies that determine the blood group), and in different blood groups they are contained in different quantities and proportions. Antigens interact with white blood cells - immune cells that protect the body from infection. 
The blood group of a healthy person remains unchanged throughout his life. It is important to know your group, as in critical situations associated with danger to life, this can be a decisive factor. When mixing blood, which is incompatible in its characteristics, irreversible processes begin to occur in its cells, as a result of which a person dies.
What blood groups and Rh factors are distinguished
Blood is divided into four groups according to the type of antigens, as well as into two large groups according to the presence of the Rh factor. The groups are called by numbers: I, II, III, IV. Abroad, it is customary to call them A, B and 0, where 0 is an analogue of our 1st group, A - II, B - III, AB - IV group. People with the 1st group are considered universal donors, whose blood can be suitable for transfusion to any person. For people with other groups, only their own blood is suitable. 
As for the Rh factor, if the antigen protein that determines it is present on erythrocytes, it is considered to be Rh positive, and vice versa, in its absence, Rh is negative. The editors of the site emphasize that it is possible to transfuse blood with negative rhesus to a person with positive rhesus, but not vice versa.
How to determine the blood type
In most cases, the blood group can be accurately determined only in laboratory conditions - according to the results of a blood test taken from a patient. The group is determined using special sera. By studying the combinations obtained, the doctor determines the blood group and the Rh factor. 
If your parents have the same blood type, chances are you will have the same. But for one hundred percent certainty, it is recommended to take a blood test and accurately determine the data.
Deciphering blood test results
The results of the analysis can be found out after 5 minutes. At the same time, a different reaction is observed in the serum drops, with or without coagulation, according to which the doctor determines the blood group. 
If the blood as a result of interaction with a special serum is blue, then the blood group is A (II), red is group B (III), yellow is group AB (IV). If the reaction does not occur, then the blood group is 0 (I). If agglutination (adhesion and precipitation of erythrocytes - author's note) is not too pronounced, for a more detailed clarification of the results, a cross-reaction method is used with the determination of a group by erythrocytes.
Influence of blood type on a person's character
There is a lot of discussion about whether a person's blood type has an influence on his character, but in a number of countries much attention is paid to this fact. For example, in Japan, when applying for a job, you should indicate your group not only for practical safety reasons, but also as a psychological factor.What can tell about the nature of the blood type?
So, the owners of the first blood group are referred to as "hunters" with predominant leadership qualities. The second group - "farmers", hardworking and responsible people. The third group is the creative "wanderers", and the fourth is the wise "philosophers". It seems to us that a person's character can be determined not only by the blood type, but also by the contents of the bag of its owner.
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Do you know your blood type? How to do this and what such knowledge can be useful for?
It is unlikely that anyone will dispute the fact that knowing your blood type is very important and necessary. Our life is quite unpredictable and no one is immune to situations in which a need for blood transfusion may arise. Determine the blood group and the Rh factor can be a doctor, in the process of a special blood test.
A blood group, in itself, is a kind of identifier for an individual. It does not change throughout a person's life and is passed on to the child from the parents.
A bit of history
It is believed that the appearance of a particular blood group is directly related to nutrition. As people migrated and adapted to local food, there were changes in its assimilation and in the immune system, because they had to fight new diseases and all this was reflected in the blood. Thus, each blood type contains genetic messages about the diet and behavior of our ancestors, and we are still influenced by their inclinations and habits.
It is customary to allocate 4 blood types... Their appearance is associated with four stages of human evolution. The first stage was the appearance of the first people who all had the same blood group - the first. The second stage is the transition to an agricultural method of obtaining food, the third is associated with the migration of races of the African type to Europe, Asia, North and South America. And finally, with the mixing of different blood groups, a fourth appeared.
Determination of blood group
A large number of blood groups have been discovered these days. But the system "AB-zero" (AB0) is still taken as a basis. It is known that plasma contains antibodies, and erythrocytes contain antigens. In the erythrocytes of human blood, according to the above system, antigens A and / or B may be present, or absent (0). And the blood plasma may or may not contain antibodies to antigens A and B.
According to the "A-B-zero" system, there are 4 main blood groups:
Group I (0)- there are agglutinins A and B in the plasma, there are no agglutinogens in erythrocytes
II group (A)- agglutinins B are present in plasma, and A in erythrocytes
Group III (B)- agglutinins A are present in plasma, and in erythrocytes - B
IV group (AB) - agglutinins are absent in plasma at all, and agglutinins A and B are present in erythrocytes
The concept of the Rh factor
There is also such a thing as rhesus factor... The Rh factor, in fact, is also a system of antigens, but not inherent in all people. The Rh factor can be positive or negative. A blood designation such as I (0) Rh-, for example, indicates the presence of the first blood group with a negative Rh factor. You can determine these data when passing a special blood test.
How to find out the blood group by the blood group of the parents
Everyone knows that each of us receives 1 gene from our parents. If we assume that the mother has a fourth blood group (AB), and the father has a second blood group (A0), we can try to combine the options that are potentially possible in the child. If you take one gene from each parent, it turns out that their child can have any blood type, but with different chances. Probably in this case, the second blood group wins.
In the modern world, carriers of the first or second blood group are most often found. The fourth blood group is considered the rarest, since it occurs on average in only four out of a hundred people.
Tell me your blood type and I will tell you who you are!
In some countries, for example, in Japan, it is believed that blood type can influence a person's character.
I blood group: People with the first blood group are more likely to have leadership qualities. They strive to achieve their goals in any way, believe in their own strengths more than others and have heightened emotionality. Sometimes they are too ambitious, jealous and fussy.
II blood group: Holders of the second blood group are distinguished by their love of peace and order. These people are able-bodied, tolerant and benevolent. Their main weaknesses include inability to relax and stubbornness.
III blood group: Those with the third blood group are very wayward, they act in life as they like. Sometimes their desire to be independent can transform into weakness. These people can adapt to any situation and have a good imagination.
IV blood group: Holders of the fourth blood group are tactful, calm, fair and balanced. They know how and love to entertain others. However, they experience certain difficulties when it becomes necessary to take a crucial step or make a decision.
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