Paustovsky K. fairy tale "Warm bread"
Genre: literary fairy tale
The main characters of the fairy tale "Warm Bread" and their characteristics
- Filka "Well, you." A gloomy, unsociable, harmful, angry boy. He corrected himself when he realized what his anger could lead to.
- Pankrat, miller, sorcerer. Smart, kind, understanding, hardworking.
- Horse. He was wounded, an ordinary affectionate horse.
- Grandma Filka. An old woman, a connoisseur of folk legends.
- wounded horse
- Boy Filka
- Resentment
- freezing
- Grandma's story
- Filka at Pankrat's
- Magpie goes south
- Filka's decision
- shock labor
- Warm wind
- Return of the magpie
- Flour and bread
- Reconciliation with the horse.
- Once the boy Filka hit and scolded a horse that asked him for bread.
- After that, a terrible frost came and the water in the river froze to the bottom.
- Grandmother talks about a legless soldier and his curse
- Filka asks Pankrat for advice on what to do
- Filka with the guys and old people cuts the ice, and a warm wind blows
- They baked warm bread and Filka reconciled with the horse.
We must live not for ourselves, but for others.
What does the fairy tale "Warm bread" teach
This fairy tale teaches us to be kind, sympathetic, not greedy and not harmful. It teaches that any offense can be corrected, can be atoned for by repentance and honest work. teaches that together we can do anything. It teaches that every person deserves his chance to improve.
Review of the fairy tale "Warm bread"
I really liked this work, which the author called a fairy tale true story. And indeed, it bizarrely combines elements of the real and fairy-tale worlds. It has smart animals and an evil curse, it has ordinary people with their troubles and worries.
I really liked the way the boy Filka suddenly had his sight and realized that it was impossible to live like this. That he began to worry about others and thereby became a good person.
Proverbs to the fairy tale "Warm bread"
The whole family is together, and the soul is in place.
There was guilt, yes forgiven.
The guilty are forgiven, and the right are favored.
Eyebrows hung, anger at the thought.
Will and work give wonderful shoots.
Read the summary, a brief retelling of the fairy tale "Warm Bread"
Once in the village of Berezhki a wounded horse appeared, which was left by the Red Army. The horse was taken in by the miller Pankrat, whom the boys considered a sorcerer. He got out of the horse and he began to help the miller repair the dam.
But Pankrat could not feed the horse, and therefore the horse walked throughout the village and everyone considered it his duty to treat the horse with something.
The boy Filka also lived in the village, who was nicknamed "Well, you" because he did not believe in anything and did not play with anyone.
The winter was warm, Pankrat finally repaired the mill and was going to grind bread, because everyone was running out of flour.
And somehow the horse knocked on Filka's gate. Filka reluctantly got up from the table, went out with bread and suddenly hit the horse on the lips. Then he scolded him angrily and threw a piece of bread right into the snow.
And then this story happened.
A tear rolled down from the horse's eyes, he neighed plaintively, and suddenly a strong wind with snow blew. Filka barely found the porch and with difficulty locked the door. And at night the sky became starry and a terrible frost hit. The river froze to the very bottom, even the wells froze, and certain death awaited the village. Filka wept with fear, and his grandmother, lamenting, told how a terrible frost also happened a hundred years ago and half of the village froze.
The reason for this was human malice. It turns out that then a legless soldier was walking through the village and asked for bread. And the owner angrily threw him a crust on the floor, but not a normal piece, but one poisonous mold. And then the soldier came out onto the porch, and how he whistled. And a severe frost hit, and the greedy man was the first to die.
And the grandmother also said that now, apparently, an evil person has wound up in the village, and until he corrects his guilt, the frost will not stop. And only Pankrat knows how to correct the guilt.
At night, Filka went to Pankrat and told about his guilt. Pankrat sighed sadly and called Filka a senseless citizen. And then he gave Filka an hour to think about how to save the village from the cold.
This conversation was overheard by a magpie who lived with Pankrat. She took off and hurriedly headed south. But no one noticed her, except for the fox.
And Filka came up with the idea of gathering all the guys and gouging the ice at the mill so that the dam spun. The frosts and the thickness of the ice did not frighten him - you can burn fires and then we will definitely cut through, he assured.
And in the morning in Berezhki, both old and young gathered near the mill, and began to pound the ice. No one noticed in the heat of the moment that a warm wind blew and smelled of manure.
Water ran from the roofs and icicles hung.
Only in the evening did the magpie return, when a huge hole appeared at the mill and it started working. Pankrat praised the warm wind, and the magpie told everyone that she flew south and woke up the warm wind, but no one except the raven understood her.
And then flour fell from the mill. In the houses of the hostesses, the dough was kneaded and the smell of warm fresh bread was everywhere.
And the next morning, Filka came to the mill to the horse. He broke a loaf of bread, salted it and handed it to the horse. And the horse shied away from him. But Pankrat sternly told the horse that Filka was not an evil person, and that he should be reconciled with him. Then the horse carefully ate one piece, took the second and laid his head on Filka's shoulder.
Everyone smiled and rejoiced, and the magpie again chattered something of its own.
Drawings and illustrations for the fairy tale "Warm bread"
Description of the presentation on individual slides:
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Presentation author: teacher of the Russian language and literature of the MBOU "Lyceum No. 1" r.p.
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PURPOSE OF THE LESSON: to help students analyze A.P. Platonov’s fairy tale “Warm Bread”, understand the theme, idea, moral lessons, features of visual and expressive means
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The author of the fairy tale "Warm Bread" Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky is known as a humanist writer who, with the help of subtle humor and the exact word, knows how to awaken the best in a person: kindness, sympathy, compassion. VP Astafiev It seems to me that real writers always have a particle of something fabulous in their feeling of joy from a finished work. It was as if the writer took his friend tightly by the hand and led him into life, into a country full of events and light. "Look!" - he says, and the doors of houses open in front of a friend, and he sees touching and sad, funny and heroic stories. K. Paustovsky ("The Joy of Creativity")
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" What is the storyline of the fairy tale "Warm bread"? When the cavalrymen passed through the village of Berezhki, an enemy shell exploded on the outskirts and wounded a black horse, and he remained in Berezhki. And then the war ended with our complete victory. The old miller Pankrat got out of his wounded horse and with his help restored the mill. People were able to grind grain and bake bread from flour. Life in the village began to improve, but the boy Filka, nicknamed "Well, you" offended the horse - he did not share bread, and even threw a piece of bread on the ground. Suddenly a severe frost set in, everything was covered with ice, even the mill wheel was iced over. And it would have been bad for everyone if Filka had not guessed to ask the horse for forgiveness and bring warm bread for reconciliation. The sun shone and the ice began to melt.
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Fairy tale "Warm Bread" Boy Filka, nicknamed "Well, you" Who is the main character of the fairy tale "Warm Bread"? What can his nickname tell about Filka? The protagonist of the tale appears to us as "silent, distrustful", and the nickname "Well, you" speaks of his laziness, selfishness, "unkindness" and even rudeness. These features of Filka were especially vividly manifested in the scene with the horse: “Come on! Devil!" Filka shouted and hit the horse on the lips with a backhand.
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The fairy tale "Warm bread" The boy Filka, nicknamed "Well, you" at the beginning of the tale is rude, angry, proud, indifferent
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" Why did Filka hit the horse? The miller Pankrat took pity on the wounded horse and sheltered him. But it was not easy for an elderly man to feed a horse in winter. The animal was fed by all the inhabitants of the village of Berezhki: they brought him stale bread, carrots, beet tops - whoever could. Only the indifferent boy Filka did not feed the animal. Filka hit the lips of a hungry horse, which reached for a piece of bread, and threw a chunk into the snow.
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" What is the retribution for a cruel act? Nature seemed to rebel because of such cruel treatment of the horse. From this moment fantastic events begin to happen in the fairy tale. The horse “wagged its tail and immediately ... a piercing wind whistled, snow blew ...”. A snow storm immediately began, the water at the mill froze. And now the whole village was in danger of remaining hungry, since it was not possible to grind grain into flour and bake delicious rolls from it.
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The fairy tale "Warm bread" What story does the grandmother tell? The story told to Filka by her grandmother is also like a fairy tale. Grandmother remembered a similar act in relation to the legless, hungry soldier. The culprit of that incident soon died, and the nature of the village of Berezhki for another 10 years did not please either a flower or a leaf. After all, then, too, a snow blizzard came and it got colder.
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" Who did Filka turn to for help? Filka realized his bad deed and decided to improve. In severe frost, he went for help to the miller Pankrat. Pankrat advised the boy to invent a rescue from the cold and gave Filka an hour and a quarter for this.
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" What did Filka come up with? Frightened by such consequences of his act, Filimon gathered the guys to chop the ice around the mill with axes and crowbars. The old people also came to the rescue. Adult men were then at the front. People worked all day, and nature appreciated their efforts.
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" How did the boy atone for his guilt? In the village of Berezhki, a warm wind suddenly blew, and water poured onto the blades of the mill. Grandmother Filka baked bread from ground flour, the boy took one loaf and carried it to the horse. He did not immediately, but took a treat and made peace with the child, putting his head on his shoulder.
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The fairy tale "Warm bread" The boy Filka, nicknamed "Well, you" at the end of the fairy tale is soft, kind, sincere, merciful
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Fairy tale "Warm bread" What good advice does Paustovsky sound in a fairy tale? Know how to make a mistake - know how to recover. (Proverb) To correct, stop evil, one must do a good deed. When people get down to business together, they can do a lot. Man and nature are inseparable, and man should not forget this. You can't be indifferent to the world around you. It is necessary to treat people with kindness, and then life will become easier, more interesting. We must be able to forgive mistakes, because everyone can make mistakes ...
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Fairy tale "Warm Bread" Name the compositional parts of the fairy tale STARTING FAIRY TALE (development of the action) Fairy tale and real events fabulous and realistic ending A wonderful combination of people's hard efforts and the fabulous intervention of magic and fantasy turn an interesting story about a wounded horse and the boy Filka into a wonderful fairy tale that helps us think about your actions and become more kind and friendly .. realistic (what, where and when)
People often commit rash acts of rudeness, and then, seeing the consequences, try to make amends. Such a case is described in the tale of K. Paustovsky "Warm Bread".
The protagonist of the work is Filka. This is a village boy who lived with his grandmother. The writer does not indicate his age, but his behavior suggests that we are facing a teenager.
K. Paustovsky does not describe the appearance of the hero, but focuses on his character. A few words are enough for the reader to get an idea about the boy: "he was silent, incredulous." Filka was very fond of the phrase: "Yes, well, you." So he answered both peers and children. Because of this habit, he received the nickname: "Well, you"
The boy was rude, but you can call him evil. The grandmother scolded her grandson for being unkind, but he only waved him off: “Come on! Tired! Perhaps his unsociableness is due to the fact that he did not have parents. But it is impossible to say for sure, because the author does not tell why Filka lived with his grandmother.
One winter day, the boy was left alone at home. While he was chewing bread and salt, he heard someone knock on the gate. Going out into the street, the hero saw a horse. The whole village knew the animal that lived with the miller Pankrat. The horse was wounded by the Germans, and the miller picked it up, but could not feed it. The villagers loved him very much and took turns feeding him.
What about Filka? He went out into the street with a piece of bread. But he did not treat the "guest". He shouted at the horse with his favorite phrase, adding a sharp: "Devil!" and threw the bread into the snow. So the boy not only offended an innocent animal, but also abused bread.
Because of Filka's act, the whole village suffered. Winter bound her with an unprecedented cold. Filkin's grandmother knew that this was a punishment for the bad deed of one of the residents. The same cold already descended to the earth a hundred years ago. The old woman told her grandson about this, not hiding the fact that now “imminent death” awaits people. The boy was frightened and started crying.
Filka guessed what was the matter and decided to fix everything. This speaks of the hero's ability to admit his guilt and take responsibility for his actions. He did not confess to his grandmother that he was to blame for the big trouble, and did not say that he was going to the miller. Apparently, he did not want to worry the old woman, and he was ashamed of his stupid act.
When the boy found out that he would correct the mistake if he broke through the ice and started the mill, he immediately set to work. The hero gathered people and together they were able to cope. Here it should be remembered that Filka was unsociable, which means that in order to convene the peasants, he managed to step over himself.
The image of the hero is dynamic, because his character changes by the end of the tale. Introverted, unkind Filka turns into a sympathetic little boy who happily helps people.
Filka from K. Paustovsky's fairy tale "Warm Bread" appears before the reader in two guises, and each of them has something to learn. After reading the work, you understand that rudeness and coldness can play a very cruel joke on a person. The changed Filka proves that everything can be fixed, one has only to listen to one's conscience.
What does the fairy tale "Warm Bread" teach?
Lesson-workshop on literature on the topic: K.G. Paustovsky "Warm bread". Moral problems in a fairy tale.
- to organize the reading activity of students on the basis of their personal observations, life experience in order to comprehend the meaning of the fairy tale;
- to teach to see and understand the process of formation of the image, the meaning of the actions of the hero;
- show what moral problems are raised in a fairy tale.
- Develop the ability to work with text, reference literature; improve the ability to conduct monologue and dialogic speech; ability to work in pairs;
- Draw conclusions from what you hear.
- Cultivate a caring attitude towards the environment; desire to take care of animals; come to the aid of friends.
Equipment: writing on the board, cards, epigraph, crossword,
To give warmth to others is to warm yourself.
1. Organizational moment.
Hello guys! Sit down!
2. Communication of the topic and purpose of the lesson.
Guys, today we will work on the content of the fairy tale; let's name the character traits of Filka, which he acquired in the course of the fairy tale; Let's think about what it means to give warmth to others - to warm yourself. We will work in pairs; remember that working in pairs, you are responsible not only for yourself, but also for each other. It is necessary to listen to everyone, come to a consensus, consult, and one person answers the question posed.
(Children sit in pairs)
3. Work on the content of the fairy tale.
1. Complete the sentence:
I think it might be warm... What?
(The look of the person, the handshake, the relationship with friends, the home, the generosity of the person, the clothes, and...)
I agree with you that relationships between humans and animals can also be warm. Warmth can and should be given to others. This, guys, is the warmth of the heart that can warm many. Name the heroes of Paustovsky's fairy tale "Warm Bread".
Name the characters in the story.
wounded horse
Melnik Pankrat
Frost, blizzard
Inhabitants of the village of Berezhki
2. Now we will try to reveal the meaning of the fairy tale, to penetrate into the motives of the characters' actions, into their spiritual world. (work in pairs). Children are working on one of the topics
Blizzard and frost.
Magic in a fairy tale.
Wise grandfather Pankrat.
Wounded horse.
Filka's behavior and state of mind.
(Listening to answers to questions, their discussion, evaluation).
3. Answer the questions (each group is offered 2 questions):
What can be said about the character of Filka, judging by his actions, at the beginning of the tale?
Why was he nicknamed "Well You"?
Why did Filka act so cruelly with the horse?
How many times did Filka say the phrase “Yes, you”? Did she always have one sound, one intonation?
Why did the man die in the story told by the grandmother? (From cooling of the heart).
Why? What was he like? (Angry, noisy, sleepy).
What caused such a severe frost in Berezhki? (To know a “bad” person, an offender, wound up in the village and did an evil deed. That’s why the frost).
What was the most important thought for the writer at the time of the creation of the fairy tale? (Show that good conquers evil)
The role of the image of Filka? What vitality did he charge from the villagers? What has he become?
How did the fairy tale end? What character trait did Filka acquire? (kindness).
What, according to the grandmother, was supposed to be corrected by a “bad” person?
CONCLUSION:(slide 6) Good conquers evil, people should be able to correct their mistakes, understand the reason for evil deeds and find strength in themselves for good deeds in order not to let their hearts “freeze” from cruelty and evil.
So what did Filka learn from Paustovsky's fairy tale?
Filka learned to be responsible for his actions; went through fear, remorse; received for his determination to admit his mistake the disinterested help of children and adults; acquired the experience of purifying the soul, when a good deed done makes the soul light and warm in the heart.
Creative work. Creation of the ladder of repentance.
Yes, Filka committed a sin, but he is ready to take the blame for the trouble that happened. Pankrat must forgive him, as mothers and grandmothers usually do, but this does not happen in a fairy tale. Reading the passage "Yes, Pankrat sighed" to the words "an hour and a quarter."
Let's imagine what kind of work the human soul has done on the way to repentance, the atonement of sin; this path is like a ladder, and each step cleanses the conscience, frees from the yoke of guilt. Let's name these steps and build a ladder.
Thanks for the lesson
Atonement for sin
sincere confession
Overcoming the fear of punishment
Awareness of fear
1 step. Awareness, shame for an unrighteous deed, word, intention. You must deeply feel your guilt and understand that you have violated some commandment of God, which means you have done evil.
2 step, which is very difficult to climb, since it will take a lot of willpower - this is overcoming the fear of punishment and shame in front of people who find out about your misconduct.
3 step. Purely heartfelt repentance and repentance before those whom you offended and before God. This is not easy: after all, you need to humble your pride, self-pity. It may seem like you are humiliating yourself. In fact, you only rise in the eyes of people and, above all, in front of your conscience. By sincere repentance you are cleansed and it becomes easy and fun for you.
4 step. But not everyone and not always manages to rise to the fourth step of repentance. Atonement, correction of sin. Bad things happen quickly, and to correct them is a lot of work.
5 step. But the "Ladder of Repentance" has another highest step - Thanks for the lesson.
Who should thank whom and how? - Answer this question at home and you will begin to thank your loved ones for the lessons, albeit strict, but helping you to improve and become better.
4. Solving a crossword puzzle (drawn on a poster):
Questions
- What was the main character's name in the fairy tale "Warm Bread"? (Filka).
- Why did the grandmother often reprimand Filke? (Unkindness).
- What cry did Filka have when he threw the bread far into the loose snow? (Malevolent)
- What character trait prevailed in the boy at the beginning of the tale? (Cruelty)
- When the grandmother told Filka a story that happened 100 years ago, what did the boy experience? (Fear)
- What did Filka want to hear from the miller Pankrat when he came to him on a frosty night? (Advice)
- What did the boy get for his determination to admit his mistake from the villagers? (Help)
- What do you feel in your heart from a good deed done? (Heat)
- What did Filka bring to the horse along with warm bread? (Friendship)
- What settled in Filkin's heart at the end of the tale? (Kindness)
CONCLUSION: At first, Filka was a cruel, angry boy; but then, through fear, help and friendship, he acquired warmth and kindness.
5. Drawing up a semantic development of the word: KINDNESS.
(work with dictionaries, figure 1)
And now, using different dictionaries, we will trace what the word “kindness” means.
CONCLUSION: So, KINDNESS is responsiveness, the desire to do good to others. It is borrowed by Old Russian from Old Slavonic; Old Slavonic came from the Proto-Indo-European basis: / dobr - * dhabh /. Since the penetration of the word into the Russian vocabulary, its lexical meaning has not changed.
Homonyms - good, kind.
Synonyms - good nature, complacency, kindness, responsiveness,
Kindness.
Antonyms - evil, cruelty.
Good - kind - kindness - good - goodness.
4. Summing up.
So what is the point of the story?
What does she teach us?
How to explain the title of the story?
When were you the most worried?
What was especially interesting?
So what do the words “To give warmth to others mean to warm oneself” mean?
CONCLUSION: Warm bread is not only the gift that the “recovered” Filka makes to the wounded horse, but also the bread that fed the whole village. This is a certain symbol of the changed relations between people.
7. Grades for the lesson. Homework:
Independently compose a crossword puzzle based on the fairy tale “Warm Bread” by K. Paustovsky.
What does the fairy tale of K. G. Paustovsky “Warm Bread” teach? Epigraphs: He knew how to make a mistake - know how to get better (proverb). You should always strive for beauty. K. Paustovsky
PURPOSE OF THE LESSON: To show the inextricable unity of nature and man. Follow the path of the main character from evil to good. Describe the characters and evaluate their actions. Analyze the content of the story.
According to the dictionary of S. I. Ozhegov, KINDNESS is responsiveness, sincere disposition towards people, the desire to do good to others. GOOD - everything positive, good, useful. .
The fairy tale consists of 3 parts Beginning Development of the action ending Realistic (what, where and when) Fairytale and real Fairytale and realistic
Characters of the fairy tale "Warm Bread" yata children villagers
The closest person to Filka is her grandmother. ? Human malice Cooling of the heart. t le 0. 10 ass…. on the
Magpie flew to the warm sea, woke up the summer wind, begged him to fly to the village and bring warmth ... ...
Together they stopped the cold, freed the water, gave Pankrat the opportunity to grind flour for the villagers and bake bread.
Epigraphs: Filka corrected his mistake and by this he proved that he was a strong and courageous person, he had enough mental and physical strength to correct the evil deed that he had done, which means that he approached the beautiful. He knew how to make a mistake - know how to get better (proverb). You should always strive for beauty. K. Paustovsky
Real motives: 1. War, a wounded horse, hunger, human malice, an indifferent, embittered boy. 2. A disabled person begging for alms. 3. Filka's decision to go to people for help. 4. Joint work that melted the ice, the return to life of the mill and the village.
Fairy-tale motifs: 1. A miller-sorcerer, a whistle that causes cold and punishes an evil person. 2. Grandmother's story (legend). 3. Magpie flying for help to the warm wind.
"WARM BREAD". LANDSCAPE. K. G. Paustovsky master of landscape. The pictures of nature that the writer creates help to vividly and vividly imagine the place of action, the state of mind of the hero, and look into the future.
Landscape 1. 2. 3. “The moon stood in the clear sky, cleaned like a bride ... The snow sang underfoot, like an artel of merry sawers ... It seemed that the air froze and only a void remained between the earth and the moon ... Black willows ... turned gray from the cold ". The winter was warm this year. The snow fell and immediately melted ... the water did not freeze, but stood still, and 4 swirled in it. “On frosty days, ice floes rise”. “... immediately howled, a piercing wind whistled, snow blew, powdered Filka's throat ... it was so chalky all around and whipped into his eyes. Frozen straw flew down the wind from the roofs, birdhouses broke ... ”crimson, in heavy smoke ... The wind blew from the south. It got warmer every hour. Icicles fell from the roofs and smashed with a clang.
What did the author want to say with his work? “To give warmth to others is to warm oneself” “An evil deed must be corrected, but in general it is better not to do evil ever and compassion to anyone”
K. G. Paustovsky most of all liked to write about ordinary people, about village children. His fairy tales are very similar to ordinary life, and the characters are like the readers themselves, boys and girls.
The boy Filka, nicknamed Well You, also did not stand out among his peers in anything special and looked little like a hero. But what happened to him makes me think a lot. The fairy tale teaches to fight evil in oneself.
Bad qualities are in the character of any person. But if we give free rein to anger, bad thoughts and harsh words, they can turn into disaster. It happened
With Filka. Because of his rudeness, distrust, the whole village almost died of cold and hunger.
But Filka corrected his mistake. It was hard for him to confess and obey people. It was not easy to regain the trust of people and the offended horse.
But he managed to defeat the gloomy boy Well You, who had never cared about anyone before. The writer showed that there is something good in every person. And to people, to animals, to nature, you should turn your best side. Otherwise, do not avoid trouble. “From the cooling of the heart,” “from human malice,” evil deeds are created on earth.
This is how his grandmother teaches Filka. And Paustovsky's fairy tale helps us to understand this and not to multiply evil on earth either by word or deed.
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Recently I managed to read Paustovsky's story Warm Bread. As it turned out, this is a wonderful work of a Soviet humanist writer who preferred to write about ordinary people. His works have been translated into many languages. All of his characters look like the same boys and girls as we do, so his stories, such as Paustovsky's fairy tale Warm bread for the reader's diary, are very close and understandable to everyone.
Paustovsky Warm bread
The story takes the reader in wartime to a simple village where a soldier with a wounded horse was passing. He left the animal, and Pankrat, the local miller, took care of it. And then all the inhabitants tried to feed the horse that went into every yard and was public.
Once a horse came to the yard where the aggressive Filka lived. Well, you. At that moment, the boy was eating bread and thus attracted a hungry horse to him. However, he did not share with the horse, and instead, he threw away the bread, and hit the horse. With his callousness, Filka almost made a disaster, because a harsh winter with severe frosts descended on the village. All the water froze, but the mill stopped. The grandmother told her grandson that this had already happened many years ago, when an old wounded soldier was offended. Apparently, even now an evil person has wound up in the village, because this comes from human malice.
Filka realized his mistake, went to the miller and made every effort to fix everything, including making peace with the horse, treating him to fresh warm bread.
main characters
The central character of Paustovsky's fairy tale turned out to be a boy from a village that lived with his grandmother. He was a vicious, callous and distrustful boy, constantly refusing to help his acquaintances and friends. There was no warmth and love for living beings in his heart, so he easily offended the horse, not realizing how cruelly he was treating the horse. Only after talking with her grandmother, Filka realizes his mistake and quickly corrects everything. And here we see other features that were revealed by the end of Paustovsky's fairy tale Warm Bread. We saw Filka as hardworking, quick-witted, with organizational skills. We saw a hero who managed to see and admit a mistake, who managed to earn the horse's trust and forgiveness.
Another of the heroes that I want to highlight is Pankrat. He was a miller and sheltered a wounded animal. This is a sensible hero, with life experience behind him, wise and sympathetic. He does not deny the boy the opportunity to fix everything and gives the opportunity to show that even in such hooligans there is something human and good.
the main idea
In the work Warm Bread, the main idea of the author is the desire to show readers how important it is to be responsive, generous and kind. After all, kindness is the most valuable human quality, and all good deeds will respond with the kindness of other people. But callousness and indifference leads to trouble. At the same time, the writer says that each of us can be an evil Filka, but the main thing is to realize the mistake in time and repent, becoming more merciful, more sympathetic and kinder.
/ / / Analysis of Paustovsky's fairy tale "Warm Bread"
The fairy tale "Warm Bread" was created by K. Paustovsky in 1954. Only 9 years have passed since the end of the Great Patriotic War, so military motives were realized in the work. For the first time, Warm Bread was published in the children's magazine Murzilka, and 19 years after the fairy tale was written, a short cartoon of the same name appeared.
In the work, one can single out a narrow theme - a great grief caused by Filka's act and a broad one - good and evil. K. Paustovsky shows that any unfair, cruel act is punishable. At the same time, the writer argues that a mistake can always be corrected if you want it; a person who wants to atone for guilt should be given a chance.
The plot of the fairy tale "Warm Bread" is revealed sequentially. Already from the first lines, one can guess that the events described in the work took place in wartime. The plot is closely intertwined with the real and the fantastic.
In the exposition, K. Paustovsky tells about a wounded horse, introduces the reader to the mysterious miller Pankrat and Filka. The plot is an episode in which Filka offends a horse. The development of events is a story about how a blizzard and severe frosts descended on Berezhki, Filka's conversation with his grandmother, a story about how a boy corrects his stupid mistake. The climax of the work is far from the denouement. Most of all, the reader is worried when, together with Filka, he finds out that people can die. The denouement - a warm wind helps people break through the ice, women bake bread, and Filka puts up with a horse.
To reveal the theme and develop the plot, the writer created an original system of images. The main characters are the old miller Pankrat, the secondary ones are the horse, the grandmother, the magpie, the guys and the old people who broke through the ice. Nature can be considered in a separate way, since it affects people's lives, has its own character. The author focuses on the behavior of the characters, their appearance is described schematically. The laconic characteristics emphasize the details that play an important role in the implementation of the idea.
The image of Filka is dynamic, because by his example the author shows how much a person can change if he wants to. At the beginning of the work, we have a rude boy who finds it difficult to find a common language with others, at the end he becomes responsible, kind and friendly. Melnik Pankrat and grandmother Filka are the embodiment of folk wisdom. Using the example of Pankrat, the writer also shows that appearances can be deceiving. The images of the horse and nature help the author to reveal the plot.
In the fairy tale "Warm Bread" artistic means play an important role. With the help of epithets, metaphors, comparisons, portraits and landscape sketches were created: “angry old man”, “Filka was silent, distrustful”, “piercing wind”, “by night the sky turned green like ice”, “from the cooling of the heart”. However, the text is not replete with tropes, which brings it closer to folklore works.
“Warm Bread” by K. Paustovsky is an original interpretation of the eternal theme of good and evil, impressing the reader with its plot and images.
Topic: The main problem of the work of Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky "Warm Bread" is the problem of kindness.
Goals:
Metasubject:
Develop personal UUD: comprehension of the actions of heroes, the adoption of the right life values, the ability to analyze one's actions, deeds.
Develop communicative UUD: the ability to express their point of view and justify it; build communication with the class, the teacher, the ability to work in a group.
Form cognitive UUD: be able to select material for work from a literary text; draw conclusions from what they hear and read.
Form regulatory UUD: be able to set a goal, formulate it, evaluate the results of their educational activities, reflect.
Subject goals:
Improve the skills of analyzing a literary text in terms of using the means of speech expressiveness;
Improve expressive reading skills;
Expand knowledge about the real and fantastic (fictional) in a literary text.
Lesson type: learning new material and consolidating knowledge.
Equipment: textbook by V. Ya. Korovina, V. P. Zhuravlev, V.I. Korovin. Literature Grade 5 in two parts, multimedia projector, use of ICT, computer presentation.
Forms of work: frontal, individual.
W: In the last lesson, we got acquainted with the biography of the writer Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky and worked on his work “Warm Bread”. Today we will continue this work with you.
First, let's remember the content of this work
To remember, answer the test questions
a) He was hurt.
B) So wanted Pankrat.
A) I don't know anything.
B) "Yes, you!".
C) "You are all smart."
3) What story did Filke's grandmother tell ?
A) About how she once offended a soldier.
B) About how a peasant from the village offended an old soldier.
C) How the war ended.
A) There is a blizzard.
b) There was a flood.
c) There was an earthquake.
a) He did not want to change.
b) Feed everyone.
C) Chop the ice with the guys at the mill.
A) That she woke up the summer wind.
B) That Filka is a bad person. C) That she is the smartest.
And in the evening.
b) She broke down forever.
C) In the summer, when it gets warmer.
? a) Asked for forgiveness
b) He brought him fresh bread and salt.
c) He fed him carrots.
Examination. Answers: 1A, 2B, 3B, 4A, 5B, 6A, 7A, 8B,
U.Look at the topic of today's lesson. What are we going to talk about today? Pay attention to each word that is key. (The main problem of the work -) We will talk about the main problem of the work and the genre of the work. Let's start with the genre.
What is by genre?
What fairy tale is this piece?
I did a little research on this issue ... (Student's speech The author is a specific person - the writer The work exists in writing The fairy tale has only one option)
Let's move on to the next keyword. Let's talk about the main problem of the tale. But first, let's define it. Before you answer, listen carefully to the song. (Song "Good Road")
So what is the main problem of the fairy tale "Warm Bread" (The problem of kindness)
Teacher: And let's, guys, remember the types of fairy tales. (A fairy tale, a fairy tale about animals, a social fairy tale).
Teacher: What type of fairy tale "Warm bread" belongs to? (Social and everyday fairy tale)
Teacher: Good. Types of fairy tales remembered. Since this is a social fairy tale, then the main characters of such a fairy tale are people. On the actions of which character in this work the problem of kindness is revealed? (Filka) It is which characters help to reveal it deeper. Compose on the board cluster(Filka, horse, grandmother, Pankrat, residents of Berezhkov)
Where does the main action begin, where is the plot of the conflict? (F. offended the horse) Continue
| Filka's sins. Continue suggestions:
– How do you assess Filka's act? (Filka did everything without hesitation, because he was unkind, indifferent to others, it was not for nothing that they nicknamed “Well, you”, he had a cold heart). – What followed his evil deed? (Nature punished the villagers for human malice: it sent a severe frost, threatening with inevitable death from cold and hunger) It is from this moment that Filka's difficult path to goodness begins. Can evil be changed? (When you realize your mistakes and want to correct them). When did Filka realize that he was evil, cruel? (When he listened to his grandmother's story about the evil man). Let's remember what grandmother told. One student tells a grandmother's parable). Guys, what do you think Filka was thinking while listening to his grandmother? (He compared himself to an evil man). How did the boy behave? (He huddled in a sheepskin coat, although he was at home. He became cold, scared. Filka realized that he had greatly offended the horse and must atone for his guilt). Why did the evil man die? (from cold heart) And what fairy-tale hero still had an icy heart? But Kaya saved Gerd. Filka’s heart would also “freeze” if he…. I did not understand my mistake, I did not realize my guilt. What happened to Filka after the grandmother's story? (He thought, cried, asked for advice). Paustovsky shows that if you realize your guilt, you can somehow correct it. Why did Filka decide to go to grandfather Pankrat? (He is old, wise, can give Filka the right advice. Yes, he has a horse, and Filka needs to ask the horse for forgiveness). And why didn’t the grandmother stop her grandson, because a blizzard howled, he could get lost? (She said: “... we must hope.” This means that the grandmother believed her grandson, she hopes that he will correct his guilt, and most importantly, he will understand: only good deeds can atone for evil. |
How does Filka do it? (A story about the visit of F. Pankrat and his further actions)
WORK ON THE FINALE OF THE FAIRY TALE.
1. Expressive reading of a passage. (4 people)
- - Guys, is it hard to ask for forgiveness, to forgive?
- Was it easy for Filka to do this?
Did the horse forgive Filka?
L.N. Tolstoy has an expression “To believe in good, one must start doing it.” Warmth warms the heart, so Filka's cold heart thawed out. The main thing is that Filka understood that only goodness makes a person happy.
But for this, Filka had to go through a difficult and long way.
---- Has Filka changed?
!!! (Yes, he became kinder, more responsible, learned to worry about all the villagers, to live in peace with them).
Before you are the prepared parts of the tables that we will now need to fill out on the board. Attach your blank to the desired column. (Come on, you are Filka, ignorant, evil, harmful,: love, sensitivity, kindness, cordiality, responsiveness, mercy, care, help, humanity, cruel, .. silent. incredulous, active,)
How good that Filka understood what his rudeness had done, and was ready to correct the evil he had committed. It was not an easy task for him to invent a salvation from the cold, but the boy coped with it.
Filka found salvation, made peace with the horse, and evil receded. No matter how difficult the boy's struggle with himself was, he correctly understood that the roots of evil always sit inside a person and guide his words and actions. I think the horse taught the boy a good lesson, and now Filka will be much kinder and more attentive to himself and others.
So, guys, what won in the fairy tale: good or evil?
An evil deed must be corrected, but it is better not to do evil to anyone
You have to be kind and considerate.
: Do not harm others, resentment.
: Be responsible for your actions, words.
: Don't be afraid to ask for forgiveness, forgive
a child's heart must not grow cold,
We must do everything together
Do good deeds
We must be merciful, kind.
Folk wisdom has long warned us of the consequences of such actions. We have many proverbs that we could correlate with the actions of the heroes of this fairy tale. Choose the ones that you think relate to the topic of today's lesson.
What goes around comes around.
Business-time, fun-hour.
Meet by clothes, see off by mind
Treat others the way you would like to be treated.
The ability to forgive is a property of the strong. The weak never forgive.
6. There is nothing more courageous than victory over yourself.
. Which sentence contains the main idea of the story?
.
Learning to be truly kind is hard. The path to kindness is not easy, a long path, on which ups and downs, descents and ascents await a person. Therefore, a person should stop more often and reflect on his perfect deeds. Every person, big and small, has his own path to Kindness. Filka went his way to Dobrota. He himself realized his act, he himself corrected it. We see how Filka has changed. And he came to such actions himself, realizing everything he had done.
--Before you are cards and colored pencils, give a color description to the heroes. The song of the cat Leopold sounds
Yah you
Fill out self-control cards.
Last name, first name
My answers
I put myself to work
The topic of the lesson is clear / incomprehensible
Why is the tale about Filka and the horse called "Warm Bread"? (Bread reconciled Filka and the horse).
Work on the lexical meaning of the word "warm". Several lexical meanings of a given word are written on the board (there are 7 in total).
Heated, giving or containing heat.
Knowing no frost, southern.
Well protecting the body from the cold.
Having heating.
Distinguished by inner warmth, warming the soul,
What is the meaning of the word "warm" in the title of the tale?
CONCLUSION: Warm bread is not only the gift that the “recovered” Filka makes to the wounded horse, but also the bread that fed the whole village. This is a certain symbol of the changed relations between people.
There are many evil
In any human destiny.
And they will only say a kind word -
And lighter on your heart.
But such a good word
Not everyone can find
To cope with longing for a friend,
Overcome adversity along the way.
There is no better word
The cherished word of that
But rarely, my friends, yet
We pronounce it out loud.
VI .Homework.
Composition-miniature “What the fairy tale of K. G. Paustovsky “Warm Bread” made me think about.
Crossword puzzle
Questions
Why did the grandmother often reprimand Filke? (Unkindness).
What cry did Filka have when he threw the bread far into the loose snow? (Malevolent)
(Cruelty)
(Kindness)
Questions
Last name, first name
My answers
I put myself to work
The topic of the lesson is clear / incomprehensible
Last name, first name
My answers
I put myself to work
The topic of the lesson is clear / incomprehensible
The lesson is useful / useless for me
I realized that ___________________________________________________
Last name, first name
My answers
I put myself to work
The topic of the lesson is clear / incomprehensible
The lesson is useful / useless for me
I realized that ___________________________________________________
Last name, first name
Yah you
Last name, first name
Yah you
Last name, first name
The color characteristics of the heroes
Yah you
_____________________________________________________________
Last name, first name
The color characteristics of the heroes
Yah you
.
______________________________________________________________
.
K.G. Paustovsky "Warm Bread"
(Circle the number of the correct answer.)
______________________________________________________________
. Which sentence contains the main idea of the story?
K.G. Paustovsky "Warm Bread"
(Circle the number of the correct answer.)
1. A good person is one who does not know how to do evil.
2…A person becomes kind only among kind people.
3. An evil deed must be corrected - a good deed must be done.
4. An evil person harms himself first of all
______________________________________________________________
. Which sentence contains the main idea of the story?
K.G. Paustovsky "Warm Bread"
(Circle the number of the correct answer.)
1. A good person is one who does not know how to do evil.
2…A person becomes kind only among kind people.
3. An evil deed must be corrected - a good deed must be done.
4. An evil person harms himself first of all
______________________________________________________________
. Which sentence contains the main idea of the story?
K.G. Paustovsky "Warm Bread"
(Circle the number of the correct answer.)
1. A good person is one who does not know how to do evil.
2…A person becomes kind only among kind people.
3. An evil deed must be corrected - a good deed must be done.
4. An evil person harms himself first of all
______________________________________________________________harmful
Love
sensitivity
kindness
cordiality
responsiveness
mercy
care
help
humanity
cruel
silent
incredulous
Yah you
Filka
Ignorant
Wicked
What fairy tale is this piece? Prove.
Retell grandmother's story
(A story about visiting Filka Pankrat and his further actions)
Types of fairy tales
Why did Filka decide to go to grandfather Pankrat?
Has Filka changed at the end of the tale? How?
What does this work teach us?
View document content
"Appendix"
Questions
What was the main character's name in the fairy tale "Warm Bread"?
Why did the grandmother often reprimand Filke? .
What cry did Filka have when he threw the bread far into the loose snow?)
What character trait prevailed in the boy at the beginning of the tale?
When the grandmother told Filka a story that happened 100 years ago, what did the boy experience?
What did Filka want to hear from the miller Pankrat when he came to him on a frosty night?
What did the boy get for his determination to admit his mistake from the villagers?
What do you feel in your heart from a good deed done?
What did Filka bring to the horse along with warm bread?
What settled in Filkin's heart at the end of the tale?
Last name, first name
My answers
I put myself to work
The topic of the lesson is clear / incomprehensible
The lesson is useful / useless for me
I realized that ___________________________________________________
The color characteristics of the heroes
Yah you
___________________________________________________________
. Which sentence contains the main idea of the story?
K.G. Paustovsky "Warm Bread"
(Circle the number of the correct answer.)
1. A good person is one who does not know how to do evil.
2…A person becomes kind only among kind people.
3. An evil deed must be corrected - a good deed must be done.
4. An evil person harms himself first of all
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harmful
Love
sensitivity
kindness
cordiality
responsiveness
mercy care help humanity cruel silent
incredulous Yah you
Filka
Ignorant Evil
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"abstract"
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky
- 1) Why did the horse stay in the village?
a) He was hurt.
- B) So wanted Pankrat.
- c) The horse did not want to go further.
- 2) What was Filka's nickname?
A) I don't know anything.
- B) "Yes, you!".
- C) "You are all smart."
- 3 ) What story did Filke's grandmother tell ?
- A) About how she once offended a soldier.
- B) About how a peasant from the village offended an old soldier.
- C) How the war ended.
- 4) What happened when Filka threw bread to the horse in the snow?
A) There is a blizzard.
b) There was a flood.
C) there was an earthquake .
- 5) How did Filka expiate his guilt? a) He did not want to change.
b) Feed everyone.
C) Chop the ice with the guys at the mill .
- 6) What was the magpie talking about above the dam? A) That she woke up the summer wind.
B) That Filka is a bad person. C) That she is the smartest.
- 7) When did the mill start working? And in the evening.
b) She broke down forever.
C) in the summer, when it gets warmer .
- 8) How Filka reconciled with the horse ? a) He brought him hay.
b) He brought him fresh bread and salt.
c) He fed him carrots .
Lesson topic
home problem works
problem …..
Lesson topic
home problem works
Lesson topic
home problem works Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky "Warm bread" - a problem ... ..
Lesson topic
home product problem Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky "Warm bread" - problem kindness .
Kindness - responsiveness, sincere disposition to all living things, the desire to do good to others.
Ozhegov's dictionary
Horse Boy
Residents of Berezhkov
grandmother
Pankrat
Filka
Filka's sins. Continue offers
1) called names(horse) 2) hit 3) threw bread 4) not shared With
Filka's sins.
1) called names(horse)
"Devil", "Christian";
2) hit
on the lips
3) threw bread
in the snow, i.e. to the ground ;
4) not shared
with the hungry and the needy
- - Can evil be changed?
- - When did Filka realize that he was evil, cruel?
- - What do you think, what was Filka thinking about, listening to his grandmother?
- How was the boy behaving?
- Why did the evil man die?
- What happened to Filka after the grandmother's story?
It is very easy to commit evil, but only a few can repent, atone for guilt.
How does Filka do it?
"To believe in good we need to start doing it.”
L.N. Tolstoy
Has Filka changed?
"Come on you" "Filka"
Eternal struggle of good and evil .
What does the fairy tale of K.G. Paustovsky teach
“ Warm bread?
1. What goes around comes around.
2. Business-time, fun-hour.
3 .Meet by clothes, see off by mind
4 .
6 .
. What goes around comes around.
. Treat others the way you would like to be treated.
. The ability to forgive is a property of the strong. The weak never forgive.
. There is nothing more courageous than victory over yourself
- A good person is one who does not know how to do evil .
- A person becomes kind only among kind people.
- An evil deed must be corrected - a good deed must be done.
- An evil person harms himself first of all
We must be able to forgive mistakes, because everyone can make mistakes …
You have to be kind to people. And then life will become easier, more interesting. You must do good, and if you make a mistake, then you should not be afraid to repent and correct the mistake.
.
- Horse
- Yah you
- Filka
- Pankrat
Before you are cards and colored pencils, give a color description to the characters .
- Horse
- Yah you
- Filka
- Pankrat
Homework
1. Composition - miniature
« What did the story make me think about?
K. G. Paustovsky “Warm bread ».
2.Crossword
Magpie flew to the warm sea, woke up the summer wind, begged him to fly to the village and bring warmth ...
Meaning of the word warm according to the dictionary :
A) giving or containing heat;
B) protecting the body from the cold (warm sweater);
C) retains heat well (warm room)
D) characterized by internal heat,
warming the soul, affectionate, affable .
There are many stories that talk about how to live right, what actions to avoid, what to truly appreciate. Usually, the author tells about these difficult truths in the form of an instructive story. Paustovsky is a recognized master of a short story. In his writings there is always a motive of high civic intentions and fidelity to one's duty. In addition, in his creations, a lively story is combined with a heartfelt description of nature. "Warm Bread" is a wonderful example of the writer's artistic skill. We will talk about this work in this article.
Instructive story
During his life, Konstantin Paustovsky composed many outstanding works. "Warm Bread" is a story for children in which the author teaches young readers not to commit evil deeds and never offend defenseless people and animals. This work is more like a fairy tale, even a parable, where Christian commandments about spiritual warmth and love for one's neighbor are conveyed to children in a simple and accessible form.
Title of the work
Konstantin Paustovsky gave a meaningful title to his story. "Warm bread" is a symbol of vitality and spiritual generosity. Bread in Russia was obtained by the peasants with hard work, and therefore the attitude towards it was careful, reverent. And fresh pastries have been the best delicacy on the table in every home for many years. The aroma of bread in Paustovsky's story has miraculous power, it makes people kinder and cleaner.
Beginning of the work
Paustovsky begins his story with a short introduction. "Warm Bread" tells that once, during the war, a combat cavalry detachment was walking through the village of Berezhki. At this time, a shell exploded on the outskirts and wounded the black horse in the leg. The animal could not go further, and the old miller Pankrat took him in. He was always gloomy, but very quick to work, a man whom the local children secretly considered a sorcerer. The old man cured the horse and began to carry on it everything that was necessary for the arrangement of the mill.
Further, Paustovsky's story "Warm Bread" tells that the time described in the work was very difficult for ordinary people. Many did not have enough food, so Pankrat could not feed the horse alone. Then the animal began to walk around the yards and ask for food. They took out stale bread, beet tops, even carrots, because they believed that the horse was "public" and suffered for a just cause.
Boy Filka
In his work, Konstantin Paustovsky described the changes that, under the influence of circumstances, occurred in the soul of a child. "Warm Bread" is a story about a boy named Filka. He lived with his grandmother in the village of Berezhki and was rude and distrustful. The hero answered all the reproaches with the same phrase: "Come on!" Once Filka was sitting at home alone and eating delicious bread sprinkled with salt. At this time, a horse entered the yard and asked for food. The boy hit the animal on the lips and threw bread into the loose snow with the words: "You, the Christ-lovers, will not get enough!"
These evil words became a signal for the start of extraordinary events. A tear rolled down from the horse's eyes, he neighed offendedly, waved his tail, and at that moment a severe frost fell on the village. The snow that shot up immediately powdered Filka's throat. He rushed into the house and locked the door behind him with his favorite saying: "Come on!" However, he listened to the noise outside the window and realized that the blizzard was whistling exactly like the tail of an angry horse beating itself on the sides.
Fierce cold
Paustovsky describes amazing things in his story. "Warm Bread" tells about the severe cold that fell to the ground after Filka's rude words. The winter that year was warm, the water near the mill did not freeze, and then such a frost struck that all the wells in Berezhki froze to the very bottom, and the river was covered with a thick crust of ice. Now all the people in the village were waiting for inevitable starvation, because Pankrat could not grind flour at his mill.
old legend
Then Konstantin Paustovsky tells about the old legend. "Warm bread" through the mouth of old Filka's grandmother describes the events that happened in the village a hundred years ago. Then the crippled soldier knocked on the door of a wealthy peasant and asked for food. The sleepy and angry owner, in response, threw a piece of stale bread on the floor and ordered the veteran to pick up the abandoned "treat" himself. The soldier picked up the bread and saw that it was completely covered with green mold, and it was impossible to eat it. Then the offended man went out into the courtyard, whistled, and an icy cold fell on the ground, and the greedy peasant died "from the cooling of his heart."
Awareness of the act
An instructive parable was invented by Paustovsky. "Warm Bread" describes the terrible turmoil that occurred in the soul of a frightened boy. He realized his mistake and asked his grandmother if he and the rest of the people had any hope of salvation. The old woman replied that everything would be fine if the person who had done evil repented. The boy realized that he needed to make peace with the offended horse, and at night, when his grandmother fell asleep, he ran to the miller.
The path to repentance
"Filka's path was not easy," Paustovsky writes. The writer tells that the boy had to overcome a severe cold, such that even the air seemed to be frozen, and there was no strength to breathe. At the miller's house, Filka could no longer run and only struggled heavily through the swept snowdrifts. Sensing the boy, a wounded horse neighed in the barn. Filka was frightened, sat down, but then Pankrat opened the door, saw the child, dragged him by the collar into the hut and sat him by the stove. With tears, Filka told the miller everything. He called the boy a "senseless citizen" and ordered him to figure out a way out of the situation in an hour and a quarter.
Invented way
Further, Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich immerses his hero in deep reflections. In the end, the boy decided in the morning to gather all the village children on the river and start cutting ice with them near the mill. Then water will flow, the ring can be turned, the device will warm up and start grinding flour. So flour and water will again appear in the village. The miller doubted that the guys would want to pay for Filkin's foolishness with their hump, but promised that he would talk to the local old people so that they would go on the ice as well.
Getting rid of the cold
K. G. Paustovsky paints a wonderful picture of joint work in his work (the stories of this author are particularly expressive). He tells how all the children and old people went to the river and began to cut the ice. Fires blazed all around, axes rattled, and by common efforts people conquered the cold. True, the warm summer wind, which suddenly blew from the south, also helped. The chatty magpie, which heard the conversation between Filka and the miller, and then flew off in an unknown direction, bowed to everyone and said that it was she who managed to save the village. She seemed to fly to the mountains, found a warm wind there, woke him up and brought him with her. However, no one, except for the crows, understood the magpie, so her merits remained unknown to people.
Reconciliation with the horse
Paustovsky's story "Warm Bread" is a wonderful example of prose for children. In it, the writer told how the little rude man learned to do good deeds and watch his words. After the water reappeared on the river, the ring of the mill turned, and freshly ground flour flowed into the bags. From it, women kneaded a sweet tight dough and baked fragrant bread from it. The smell of ruddy pastry with cabbage leaves burnt to the bottom was such that even foxes crawled out of their holes in the hope of feasting on it. And the guilty Filka, together with the guys, came to Pankrat to put up with a wounded horse. He held a loaf of fresh bread in his hands, and the tiny boy Nikolka followed him with a large wooden container of salt. The horse at first backed away and did not want to accept the gift, but Filka wept so desperately that the animal had mercy and took fragrant bread from the boy's hands. When the wounded horse had eaten, he laid his head on Filka's shoulder and closed his eyes from pleasure and satiety. Peace was restored and spring came to the village again.
Bread symbol
Paustovsky called "Warm Bread" one of his favorite compositions. The genre of the work can be defined as a parable about basic Christian values. The symbol of bread plays a key role in it. If black human ingratitude can be compared with a stale crust of moldy bread, then kindness and spiritual generosity can be compared with a sweet and fresh loaf. The boy who carelessly threw a cut piece into the snow has committed a very bad deed. He not only offended the wounded horse, but also neglected the product created by hard work. For this, Filka was punished. Only the threat of starvation helped him understand that even a stale piece of bread must be treated with respect.
Collective responsibility
Schoolchildren study the story "Warm Bread" (Paustovsky) in the fifth grade. Analyzing this work, children often wonder why the whole village had to answer for the bad deed of one boy. The answer is in the story itself. The fact is that Filka suffered from extreme egocentrism and did not notice anyone around. He was unkind to his grandmother and dismissive of his friends. And only the threat looming over all the inhabitants of the village helped the boy feel responsible for the fate of other people. When the guys came to the aid of the gloomy and distrustful Filka, they melted not only the river, but also his icy heart. Therefore, the summer wind blew over Berezhki even before the boy made peace with the horse.
The role of nature in the work
In the story "Warm Bread" (Paustovsky), the analysis of which is presented in this article, the mighty forces of nature play an important role. At the very beginning of the work, it is told that the winter in the village was warm, the snow melted before reaching the ground, and the river near the mill did not freeze. The weather was warm in Berezhki as long as the wounded horse was fed and pitied there. However, Filka's cruel words and his bad behavior aroused great anger in nature. A severe cold instantly set in, which fettered the river and deprived people of hope for food. The boy had to overcome first the cold in his soul, then the cold outside, in order to atone for his guilt. And only when people all together went out on the ice to save the village, a fresh summer breeze blew as a symbol of Filka's spiritual rebirth.
The power of a word
K. G. Paustovsky was a real Christian. The writer's stories are permeated with kindness and love for people. In the work "Warm Bread" he showed how important it is to follow not only your actions, but also your words. Filka's cruel phrase, ringing in the air, made everything around freeze, because the boy, without realizing it, committed a terrible evil. After all, it is precisely from human callousness and indifference that the most serious crimes arise, which, with a different attitude, could have been prevented. To apologize to the offended horse, Filka did not need words, he actually proved that he repented of his own act. And the sincere tears of the boy finally atoned for his guilt - now he will never dare to be cruel and indifferent.
Real and fabulous
Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich skillfully combined fabulous and real motifs in his creations. For example, in "Warm Bread" there are ordinary heroes: Pankrat, Filka, his grandmother, and the rest of the villagers. And invented: magpie, forces of nature. The events that take place in the work can also be divided into real and fabulous. For example, the fact that Filka offended a horse, asked Pankrat about how to correct what he had done, broke ice on the river with the guys and made peace with the animal, there is nothing unusual. But the magpie, which brings the summer wind along with it, and the cold that has befallen the village at the call of an angry horse, are clearly out of the ordinary life. All events in the work are organically intertwined, creating a single picture. Thanks to this, "Warm Bread" can be called both a fairy tale and an instructive story at the same time.
ancient words
Folklore motifs are actively used by Paustovsky in his work. "Warm bread", the content of which is saturated with old words and expressions, confirms this. The meaning of many archaisms is not familiar to modern children. For example, in Russia, people who beg for alms were called Christ-lovers. This word was never considered offensive, everyone gave to the needy as much as they could. However, in the story it takes on a negative connotation, because Filka offended the wounded horse, in fact calling him a beggar.
Other archaisms are often used in the story: "cap", "battle", "withered", "nashkodil", "three", "yar", "osokori" and others. They give the work a special flavor, bring it closer to folk fairy tale motifs.
Sin and repentance
Bad deeds must be held accountable. Paustovsky speaks about this in his story. "Warm Bread", whose heroes managed to overcome the cold, testifies that they also coped with the cold that reigned in the soul of a little boy. At first, Filka was simply frightened, but did not realize the depth of his guilt. The boy's grandmother probably guessed what had happened, but did not scold him, but told him an instructive tale, because the child himself had to realize his mistake. Pankrat taught Filka another lesson - he forced him to independently come up with a way out of this situation. Only by sincere repentance and hard work did the boy manage to win the forgiveness of higher powers. Good again defeated evil, and the thawed soul of the child warmed with its warmth a loaf of fresh bread.
Conclusion
World literature knows many stories with a fascinating plot and an instructive end. One of them was invented by Paustovsky (“Warm Bread”). Reviews of this work indicate that Konstantin Georgievich managed to touch the hearts of his little readers and convey to them important concepts about mercy, love for one's neighbor and responsibility. In an accessible form, the writer described the consequences that rash actions and offensive words can lead to. After all, the main character of the story did not want to harm anyone, but he made a serious mistake. At the very end of the story, it is said that Filka is not an evil boy, and sincerely repents of his act. And the ability to admit one's mistakes and bear responsibility for them is one of the most important human qualities.
The main characters of Konstantin Paustovsky's story "Warm Bread" are a village boy Filka and a horse named Boy. The horse was special, cavalry, he was wounded in the leg and left in the village, near the miller Pankrat. It was difficult for the old miller to feed the horse, and the horse often roamed the village in search of food.
One day he came to the house where the boy Filka lived with his grandmother. Filka was eating bread and salt at that moment. He left the house, and the horse reached for the bread. But the boy hit the horse on the lips, shouted angrily at him and threw the bread into the snow.
The horse neighed in fright, waved its tail, and at that moment a snowstorm began. The blizzard was so strong that Filka had difficulty getting home. His grandmother was able to return home only in the evening, when the blizzard subsided. After the blizzard, it became sharply colder, and my grandmother was worried that because of the frost, famine would come in the village.
She said that once upon a time there was the same frost, generated by human malice. One peasant did not want to give bread to a disabled soldier and threw that bread on the floor. The soldier picked up the bread, went out of the house, whistled and a severe frost swept over the village.
Filka, realizing that his rudeness with the horse had caused frost, asked his grandmother what to do now? Grandmother said that we should go to the miller Pankrat for advice. So Filka did. He came to the miller and told how rudely he had treated the horse. The miller said that Filka should think of a way to remedy the situation, because the water froze from the frost, the mill stopped, and he could not grind flour.
Filka thought about it and said that he would persuade the guys to go out with crowbars to the pond to break the ice. This conversation was overheard by an old magpie who lived in the miller's hallway. Magpie imperceptibly flew off somewhere.
The next day the village boys went out to break the ice. The old people also joined them. Everyone worked together, and no one noticed how a warm south wind began to blow. By evening, the ice cracked, and water poured onto the mill wheel.
In the evening the magpie also returned. She told the village crows that she flew to the warm sea, where she woke up a warm wind in the mountains and asked him for help. But the crows did not believe her.
Meanwhile, at the mill, Pankrat was grinding grain into flour. Delighted, the inhabitants kindled the stoves and began to bake bread from flour.
In the morning, the village children, led by Filka, came to Pankrat with a loaf of warm bread. They said that Filka wants to make peace with the horse. At first the horse was afraid of Filka, but the miller reassured him. Then the horse took a piece of bread sprinkled with salt from the boy's hands and ate it. Then he ate another piece and put his head on Filka's shoulder as a sign of reconciliation.
This is the summary of the story.
The main idea of \u200b\u200bPaustovsky's fairy tale "Warm Bread" is that you can not offend the weak. Filka offended the horse, and nature itself took revenge on both him and the villagers, bringing on a severe frost. And only the active actions of people and the help of the old magpie helped to rectify the situation.
The fairy tale teaches to be kind to both people and animals, not to offend anyone in vain.
In the fairy tale, I liked the old magpie, which went on a long flight to ask the warm wind to help people escape the frost.
What proverbs are suitable for Paustovsky's fairy tale "Warm Bread"?
Doing evil, do not hope for good.
Take care of your nose in a big frost.
Even an old woman cannot live without a piece of bread.
Great help for a great cause.
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