In Crimea, not far from Koktebel, there is a blue sign next to the road with the inscription “The Golden Parallel passes here”. I am sure that for the majority this concept is encountered for the first time, I have not come across such a term before.
And since there is something new and unknown, it is worth seeing and learning.
I suggest you take a walk, the place is very beautiful.
2. There are no precious metals on the "golden parallel", but from a geographical point of view the place is unique. The 45th parallel runs exactly midway between the North Pole and the equator. It turns out that here the best climatic conditions. Here I was not surprised, but received another confirmation. Beloved Crimea! 
3. We were in those places at the end of May, we got to the time of flowering. 
4. If you go up from the sign, you will get to Mount Klementyev, she is Uzun-Syrt. Gliding developed here. I recommend to look there even if you flew only in the passenger seat of the aircraft.
There is a steep path up - to the monument glider, there is a detour road. This time we took the road. 
5. If you wish, and if the weather is good, and the weather there is usually favorable for flying, you can fly. 
6. I like to wander there, great views, space, nature. 
7. Take care of nature! 
8. At the top there is a paragliding club and a whole town in which there are hotels, cafes, sky lovers from all over the world gather here. 
9. From the road you can relax and drink tea in the cafe upstairs. 
10. Very cozy and aviation interior. 
11. From above you can see the whole valley and Kara-Dag. After a break, it’s worth going even further, to a place that bears the romantic name “Starfall of Memories”. I will tell about it separately. 
12. Here is such beauty on the "golden parallel". 
And we are going to Crimea again. Third time this year. See you!
A geographical map is not just a sheet or a roll of paper, it is a special historical and geographical chronicle of events, various events: joyful, tragic, the history of entire nations ... But there are the most important "heroes" on the map, without which any map would lose all meaning - these are important lines on the map, parallels and meridians.
Today we will take a fascinating walk along one of these imaginary lines - along 45 ° north latitude. For Krasnodar residents, this is not just a number, but also the latitude of their hometown.
Yes, Krasnodar is located just in the middle between the equator and the North Pole, this latitude corresponds to the temperate zone,
but, I would say, south-temperate, judging by the weather)))))
Let's say that parallels and meridians are conditional lines drawn on geographical maps and globes that serve to count the coordinates of points on the earth's surface - longitudes and latitudes. The meridians converge at the poles of the Earth, and the parallels are parallel to the equator. The equator is defined as the zero parallel. The North Pole has a latitude of 90 degrees. The 45th parallel is located exactly in the middle between the equator and the north pole. Exactly at 45 ° north latitude, that is, at the most central, middle parallel of our hemisphere, there are many interesting geographical objects - our Krasnodar, neighboring Stavropol, the cities of the Crimean peninsula ...
How much has been written and said about the wonderful climate of our region, due to its geographical position, because thanks to it, the region has the most important climatic feature: a long summer day and a sufficient amount of solar heat. It is the fertile warmth, and not the equatorial heat or the northern cold.
It's a pity that not earlier, but only in September 2009, Krasnodar residents nevertheless paid tribute to the geographical position of the city - they put up a sign of the 45th parallel! The opening of the monument was timed to the day of the city of Krasnodar. Now the sign attracts the attention of Krasnodar residents and guests of the city walking in the park, a visit to this remarkable place is included in the excursion routes around the city. And now we are going to him!
The architectural structure itself was installed at the suggestion of the Krasnodar branch of the Geographical Society. True, first to the author of the project, Vladimir Petrovich. Litvinenko, an honorary member of the Russian Geographical Society, a member of the Council of the Krasnodar Regional Branch, had to prove the right of this symbol to exist. The commemorative sign itself is quite modest, it is a painted wooden arrow on an iron support.
Armed with information gleaned from the Internet about what the Sign looks like, I went to look for it in the Sunny Island park! How else - I had a methodical day, but in the world, I had to urgently do self-education)))))
But before entering the park, she stopped near the monument to the liberators of Krasnodar from the Nazis.
I go further and have a little doubt, but will I myself find a relatively small sign in a huge park? Reason advises to ask, clarify, and intuition presumptuously suggests that I will find it myself! Well, let's see...
I stop in the center of the bridge across the waters of Lake Staraya Kuban (by origin of the old woman) and admire ...
A rounded silver structure is an ice skating rink.
Newlyweds hang their family castles here too !!!
And ahead you can see the place of discharge of warm water from the Krasnodar combined heat and power plant.
I increase it, but it’s not very good to see, but the roar was heard perfectly!
Here we are in the main square! Oooh, I notice the map of the park, smiling smugly, because now the search for the Sign will be much easier, but ...
I carefully study the entire scheme, but the location of the Sign is not indicated there ... How? Is it really less important than cafes and carousels? So you have to look for...
The park has a stage for the holidays and
Lots of playgrounds and carousels. I was surprised by the large number of children and teenagers (approximately 6-10 grades) walking in the park. Surprised, because time was 13-00! Children after the first shift yet could not walk there, and the second shift - already couldn't... It's strange.
It was possible to take a picture near such an unusual slingshot.
But I decided to treat myself to ice cream - even though autumn has come, but Krasnodar - in the afternoon it was up to 30 degrees Celsius.
I was interested in a safari park, but it is expensive, and I wanted to come here with MMM.
A lot of guys practiced on the tennis court...
The little ones enjoyed riding with such an unusual slide.
It was possible to go further, but I really wanted to drink coffee, especially since there was a stall and tables nearby. Deciding that I needed to refresh myself, I bought a chocolate donut and coffee, turned towards the park and ... immediately saw such a desired Sign of the 45th parallel!
Now I can show you the exact landmark - it is located on the main alley on the right side, immediately after the entrance to the safari park, opposite the tennis court.
To be honest, I expected something more monumental, but... Still very beautiful and unusual!
After standing and looking at how carefully the workers clean up the leaves that have already begun to fall, I decided to take another walk in the park...
It was cool in the park, there were benches everywhere, next to which there were always rubbish bins.
And in the meantime I went to the water. There were many companies of vacationers on the shore, apparently celebrating something and immediately refreshing themselves in warm water. And the water here is really warm - the discharge of warm water from the thermal power plant affects. I remember that as children we sometimes came to this park to swim, the water here was always warmer than in the Kuban River.
You can also meet fishermen on the shore. I wanted to ask one of them if there was a catch, but the man either pretended not to hear, or actually didn’t hear from frustration - he didn’t have any fish.
Favorite swimming spots are immediately visible.
In the meantime, I was already approaching the exit from the park ...
So, intuition did not fail this time either, the geographical walk was a success: The memorial sign "Geographical parallel of 45 north latitude" was found, photographed and described!
On the territory of Russia, the 45th parallel also passes through Anapa, Stavropol, Vladivostok suburbs. In Stavropol, for example, there is a 45th parallel street, reflecting its exact latitudinal position.
Baikonur(Kazakhstan) is also located approximately on the 45th parallel. The equidistance from the equator and the north pole provided not only convenience in launching spacecraft into orbit and their further control. Alternate runways for the Buranovs (one of which can be observed near Simferopol) were also built around the 45th parallel to maximize the ease of control of the space shuttle during landing approach.
By the way, oh Crimean peninsula. According to the traveler and scientist researcher Voloshin, in tsarist Russia a railway project was developed, which was supposed to run along the 45th parallel, connecting England with India, and it would pass through the Crimea.
The "golden mean of the planet Earth" (that's what Crimean scientists like to say) passes in Crimea through Mount Klementyev, where the gliding center "Koktebel" is located. It was in this place that on December 3, 2009 a commemorative sign"45th parallel - the Golden mean of the planet Earth" (this sign was in the form of a stone). The initiator of the installation of the sign was the public organization "Active Tourism Club of Crimea". Noticed? One year with Krasnodar!
And now in this place is installed pointer that you are crossing the 45th parallel:
It is located next to the Feodosia-Koktebel highway at the foot of Mount Klemenyev. Delivered in May 2014 (as part of the Crimean Aviation Games festival). The sign is made in the form of two shields with the inscription: "The Golden Parallel passes here."
It has also been noted that Orthodox churches have been built along the "golden parallel" since ancient times, often in deserted places. Later, settlements began to be built near the temples. It is known that when many years ago there was a great migration of peoples (both from north to south and from west to east), the movement of people often took place precisely along the path along this parallel. Ufologists explain this by internal energy movements. But... no one knows for sure...
But such signs, reminiscent of the intersection of 45 ° north latitude, are located in Croatia.
In Crimea, on Mount Klementieva, on the territory of the Koktebel Gliding Center, on the central stone in 2009, a plate was fixed with the coordinates of the place - 45 degrees 00 minutes north latitude - and the text: “In this place passes the 45th parallel - the golden mean of the planet Earth. From here - the same distance to the Equator and the North Pole (about 5 thousand km in each direction) "...
In 1884, in Washington an international conference was held 
which it was decided to consider the meridian passing through the axis of the main telescope Greenwich Observatory on the outskirts of London, the zero point of longitude and standard time around the world.
The "Greenwich meridian" symbolically divided the planet Earth into the western and eastern hemispheres.
Parallels and meridians are conditional lines drawn on geographical maps and globes that serve to count the coordinates of points on the earth's surface - longitude and latitude. The meridians converge at the poles of the Earth, and the parallels run along the planet Earth parallel to the equator, which is considered the zero parallel. The North Pole has a latitude of 90 degrees.
In the middle between the Equator and the North Pole of the Earth is the 45th parallel of the northern latitude lies the Crimean Peninsula.
Crimea is located in the Golden Mean of the Earth, at an equal distance from the equator and the North Pole by 5000 kilometers. The remarkable location of Crimea in the middle of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere is very symbolic and favorable for life. 45 parallel north latitude - the golden mean of the planet Earth, creates the most important climatic feature of our peninsula: a long summer day and a sufficient number of sunny days and warm seasons. In Crimea, there is no equatorial heat, no northern cold, no long cloudy days without sun.
Detailed Articles about the significant points of the Crimea, through which the Golden Mean of the planet Earth passes.
In 1925 in the guidebook "Crimea" article published Maximilian Voloshin"Culture, art, monuments of Crimea". The story about the project of the Crimean railway, passing along the 45th parallel, deserves special attention in the article:
« Here - through the Crimean steppes to the Cimmerian Bosporus, and from there through the Caucasus and Persia ran the old caravan route, stalled after the Ottoman Empire lay down on all trade routes leading through Asia Minor, and Vasco de Gama opened new maritime directions.
Europe still needed an overland trade route from India and China. Most of all, England, as the metropolis of India, was interested in it. The capture of Sevastopol and the blockade of Russian ports in 1855 did nothing for England. The British government was forced, against its will, to establish a real blockade of Russian ports. However, lard, hemp, flax, flaxseed were sent from Russia to Prussia, and end up in England at inflated prices.
Before the First World War the tsarist government of Russia, under pressure and at the request of England, developed project for the construction of a railway along the 45th parallel.
The railway line was supposed to pass through London, Paris, Lyon, Turin, Lombardy, Venetian region, Trieste, Slovenia, Harvatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Romania, Odessa, Nikolaev, Perekop, Dzhankoy, Vladislavovka, Kerch, bridge across the Kerch Strait, Taman Peninsula, along the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea, through Turkey, and Persia to India.
During the First World War Russia has already completed surveys for the construction of the bridge through the Cimmerian Bosporus (Kerch Strait) and work was carried out in many other areas, but the civil war, the October Revolution of 1917 put an end to these plans.
“Undoubtedly, the railway line will sooner or later pass through the ancient caravan routes, and then the Crimea will again be in the middle of a great European route from Europe to Asia, which will completely transform its commercial and political significance.
On the 45th parallel - the Golden Mean of the planet Earth, in the Soviet Crimea was built the most powerful telescope for astronomical observations of the stars.
In the Soviet Union, near Evpatoria in the Crimea, a Space communications control center, which ran smoothly thanks to consistently clear weather and clear skies.
Baikonur Cosmodrome
also built approximately at the 45th parallel of the north latitude. Equal distance from the equator and the north pole provided not only convenience in the launch of spacecraft into orbit, but also good space communications and flight tracking
.
Spare strips for takeoff and landing "Buran" were also built on the 45th parallel, which ensured the ease of control of the space shuttle during landing approach. One of the runways is located near Simferopol.
Finally, there are completely mystical facts of the 45th parallel of northern latitude that cannot be rationally explained. Oleg Shirokov, a local historian, dedicated a curious study of “subtle power ties”, as if attracting the Christian shrines of Crimea to the 45th parallel of northern latitude.
« It's interesting that many Christian churches were built on this line, and in places either located in the forest, or where people have not previously settled.
Convent of St. Paraskeva near the village of Topolevka(Belogorsky district). And again the church is exactly on the 45th parallel, and the place for the monastery was chosen in the forest zone. And there is no evidence that there was once a settlement here or that people lived at all.
Exactly on the 45th parallel is St. Nicholas Church in the village of Mazanka near Simferopol in the Crimea. There were no villages here before, and only Russian retired soldiers founded here in 1784 "Sloboda St. Petersburg hut", and the place for the temple was clearly not chosen by chance.
We move further along the 45th parallel to the east of Crimea - and the church medieval Armenian monastery of Surb Khach (near Stary Krym) turns out to be built at a point equidistant from the equator and the pole - and also in a dense forest.
It is not known how people chose places for temples - did they have such good astronomical instruments, or did people choose these places “with their hearts”? Crimean villages and buildings of monasteries can be a hundred meters slightly north or south of the 45th parallel, but here places of churches do not know mistakes!».
The natural phenomenon of the 45th parallel of northern latitude should also be noted. 
Saki lake- drainless salty lake in the town Saki, 19 km from Evpatoria. Coordinates: 45° 7 ‘ 33.99″ N 33° 33’ 43.62″ E. In this place, nature has created the rarest pantry of healing resources of the Crimea . Mud (silty sulfide seaside type). The therapeutic mud of Lake Saki is a giant natural laboratory where a miraculous balm is prepared, it has been known since ancient times. like others saltylakes Crimea, it is shallow, its greatest depth is about 1 meter. Length lakes about 5 km, width from 0.5 to 2 km.
Botanists are well aware Mount Kubalach, in the Belogorsk region. Z here on the highest massif of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains grows Kuznetsov's cyclamen.
To natural phenomena 45 parallels this beautiful flower can be attributed - an absolute unique in a large family cyclamen, the rarest endemic of the Crimea, named after a famous botanist. In its natural state, Kuznetsov's cyclamen grows only on Kubalach - and, imagine, nowhere else in the world!
On the slopes of Mount Kubalach there is another wonderful natural phenomenon of the 45th parallel - source Ak-Su - "White Water", reminiscent of the legendary Belovodye - Shambhala. According to one version, the mythical abode of freedom and wisdom Shambhala was searched for in a huge mountainous country. Gobi, stretching along the 45th parallel of northern latitude ...
Temple of the Sun on the map of Crimea. GPS Coordinates: 44°24’24″N, 33°44’34″E Latitude/Longitude.
No one can say exactly about the time and origin of the Temple of the Sun. Geologists claim that the Temple of the Sun appeared as a result of an earthquake and destruction mountains Ilyas-Kaya (Mount Ilya)
, fragments of which accidentally disintegrated in the form of a giant stone flower
. Esotericists see an alien observatory in this place, they say that powerful streams of cosmic energy pass through the temple of the Sun. At the top of Ilyas-Kai stood the Orthodox Church of St. Elijah,
built by the Byzantine Greeks at the 45th parallel, this place has been prayed for centuries,
and has strong energy. To the remains of the Christian monastery of St. Elijah destroyed by the Turks, you can climb along a well-marked path trodden by tourists and pilgrims. On the top of Mount Ilya, you can go around the stone foundation of the monastery, touch the history, admire the surrounding landscape from a height.
During the Great Patriotic War and the occupation of the Crimea by the Nazis, the Nazi special unit "Annenerbe" (ancestral heritage) conducted secret experiments in places of power. The Annenerbe agency was earnestly interested in mystical rituals, looking for ways to gain world domination. One of the hypotheses was the assumption that the main world events occur under the influence of the Temple of the Sun.
After walking the path to the Temple of the Sun, wander around, feel the energy of the place.
Independently traveling tourists stop here for the night in tents. Some sleep outside. Those wishing to watch the bright Crimean stars at night, and in the morning for the picturesque sunrise. If you are lucky, you can see how the fog dissipates, the contours of massive mountains appear from the milky haze.
Having gained life-giving energy on the way back, you can go down to the sea at The southern point of Crimea is Cape Sarych. The path to it begins south of the Temple of the Sun. A rocky path descends to the sea between bushes and junipers, past a spring with the purest drinking water. The trail ends on a wild beach with huge bizarre boulders, the place is clean, the sea water is clear. A real Black Sea paradise!
At the chairman's Society for the revival of the culture of Koktebel, poet Vyacheslav Lozhko has a wonderful poem dedicated to 45 parallels of Crimea :
Five thousand north, five thousand south
In flight, you look around.
Our spiritual center is our native Koktebel,
You are with the harmony of the heart.
In Crimea, on Mount Klementieva, on the territory of the Koktebel Gliding Center, on the central stone in 2009, a plate was fixed with the coordinates of the place - 45 degrees 00 minutes north latitude - and the text: “In this place passes the 45th parallel - the golden mean of the planet Earth. From here - the same distance to the Equator and the North Pole (about 5 thousand km in each direction) "...
In 1884, in Washington an international conference was held at which it was decided to consider the meridian passing through the axis of the main telescope Greenwich Observatory on the outskirts of London, the zero point of longitude and standard time around the world.
The "Greenwich meridian" symbolically divided the planet Earth into the western and eastern hemispheres.
Parallels and meridians are conditional lines drawn on geographical maps and globes that serve to count the coordinates of points on the earth's surface - longitude and latitude. The meridians converge at the poles of the Earth, and the parallels run along the planet Earth parallel to the equator, which is considered the zero parallel. The North Pole has a latitude of 90 degrees.
In the middle between the Equator and the North Pole of the Earth is the 45th parallel of the northern latitude lies the Crimean Peninsula.
Crimea is located at an equal distance from the equator and the north pole at 5,000 kilometers. The remarkable location of Crimea in the middle of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere is very symbolic and favorable for life. The 45th parallel of northern latitude, the golden mean of the planet Earth, creates the most important climatic feature of our peninsula: a long summer day and a sufficient number of sunny days and warm seasons. In Crimea, there is no equatorial heat, no northern cold, no long cloudy days without sun.
Detailed articles about the significant points of the Crimea, through which the Golden Mean of the planet Earth passes, were written by our contemporaries, local historians and travelers Sergey Tkachenko and Oleg Shirokov. However, they are far from the discoverers of this Crimean phenomenon.
In 1925 in the guidebook "Crimea" article published Maximilian Voloshin "Culture, art, monuments of Crimea". The story about the project of the Crimean railway, passing along the 45th parallel, deserves special attention in the article:
« Here - through the Crimean steppes to the Cimmerian Bosporus, and from there, through the Caucasus and Persia, the old caravan route ran, which died out after the Ottoman Empire lay down on all trade routes leading through Asia Minor, and Vasco de Gama opened new maritime directions.
Europe still needed an overland trade route from India and China. Most of all, England, as the metropolis of India, was interested in it. The capture of Sevastopol and the blockade of Russian ports in 1855 did nothing for England. The British government was forced, against its will, to establish a real blockade of Russian ports. However, lard, hemp, flax, flaxseed were sent from Russia to Prussia, and end up in England at inflated prices.
Before the outbreak of the First World War, the tsarist government, under pressure and at the request of England, developed a project for the construction of a railway along the 45th parallel.
The railway line was supposed to pass through London, Paris, Lyon, Turin, Lombardy, the Venetian region, Trieste, Slovenia, Harvatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Romania, Odessa, Nikolaev, Perekop, Dzhankoy, Vladislavovka, Kerch, the bridge across the Kerch Strait, the Taman Peninsula , along the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea, through Turkey, and Persia to India.
During the First World War, Russia had already completed surveys for the construction of a bridge across the Cimmerian Bosporus and work was underway in many other areas, but the civil war, the October Revolution of 1917, put an end to these plans.
“Undoubtedly, the railway line will sooner or later pass along the ancient caravan routes, and then the Crimea will once again be in the middle of the great European route from Europe to Asia, which will completely transform its commercial and political significance.”
On the 45th parallel - the Golden Mean of the planet Earth, in the Soviet Crimea, the most powerful telescope for astronomical observations of the stars was built.
In the Soviet Union, near Evpatoria in the Crimea, a Space communications control center, which ran smoothly thanks to consistently clear weather and clear skies.
The Baikonur Cosmodrome was also built approximately at the 45th parallel of the northern latitude. The equal distance from the equator and the north pole provided not only convenience in putting spacecraft into orbit, but also good space communications and flight tracking. Spare runways for takeoff and landing of "Buran" were also built on the 45th parallel, which ensured the ease of control of the space shuttle during the landing approach. One of them is located near Simferopol.
Finally, there are completely mystical facts that defy rational explanation. Oleg Shirokov, a local historian, dedicated a curious study of “subtle power ties”, as if attracting the Christian shrines of Crimea to the 45th parallel of northern latitude.
« It is interesting that many Christian churches were built exactly on this line, and in places either located in the forest, or where people had not previously settled.
Exactly on the 45th parallel is near Simferopol. There were no villages here before, and only Russian retired soldiers founded here in 1784 the "Sloboda of St. Petersburg hut", and the place for the temple was clearly not chosen by chance.
Convent of St. Paraskeva near the village of Topolevka (Belogorsky district). And again the church is exactly on the 45th parallel, and the place for the monastery was chosen in the forest zone. And there is no evidence that there was once a settlement here or that people lived at all.
It is not known how people chose places for temples - did they have such good astronomical instruments, or did people choose these places “with their hearts”? In addition, villages and buildings of monasteries can be a hundred meters slightly north or south of the 45th parallel, but the places of churches do not know mistakes!, — concludes Oleg Shirokov.
The natural phenomenon of the 45th parallel of northern latitude should also be noted. Botanists are well aware Mount Kubalach, in the Belogorsk region. Z here on the highest massif of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains grows Kuznetsov's cyclamen.
This beautiful flower is an absolute unique in a large family. cyclamen, the rarest endemic of the Crimea, named after a famous botanist. In its natural state, Kuznetsov's cyclamen grows only on Kubalach - and, imagine, nowhere else in the world!
On the slopes of Mount Kubalach there is another wonderful object of nature - source Ak-Su - "White Water", reminiscent of the legendary Belovodye - Shambhala. According to one version, the mythical abode of freedom and wisdom, Shambhala, was sought in the vast mountainous country of the Gobi, stretching along the 45th parallel of northern latitude ...
At the chairman's Society for the revival of the culture of Koktebel, poet Vyacheslav Lozhko has a wonderful poem dedicated to the 45th parallel of Crimea:
Five thousand north
Five thousand south
And the center of the Earth is right there!
Strive to Koktebel,
my distant friend
You will look all over the Earth.
Hence the 45th parallel
Left, right, everything goes on.
Spirituality center - native Koktebel,
Oh, how many glorious names are here
and traditions!
45th PARALLEL: SECRETS AND MEANINGS April 6th, 2010
On Mount Klementieva, on the territory of the Gliding Center "Koktebel", the participants of the conference "Crimea: culture, knowledge, activity" on December 3, 2009 held a culturological action "45th parallel - the golden mean of planet Earth". A memorial sign of the 45th parallel was solemnly opened here.
For those who have forgotten - a bit of geography from a school textbook. Parallels and meridians are conditional lines drawn on geographical maps and globes that serve to count the coordinates of points on the earth's surface - longitudes and latitudes. The meridians converge at the poles of the Earth, and the parallels are parallel to the equator. The equator is defined as the zero parallel. The North Pole has a latitude of 90 degrees.
The 45th parallel is located exactly in the middle between the equator and the north pole. Exactly at 45 degrees north latitude - that is, on the most central, middle parallel of our hemisphere - lies the Crimean peninsula.
This is very symbolic. The remarkable location of Crimea on planet Earth, at equal distance from the equator and the north pole, in the middle of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, determines the most important climatic feature of the peninsula: a long summer day and a sufficient amount of solar heat. It is the fertile warmth, and not the equatorial heat or the northern cold. Thus, the 45th parallel designates the Crimea as the most favorable place for life.
Figuratively speaking, we can say that the territory lying on the 45th parallel is located on the Golden Mean of the planet Earth.
What are the most significant points of the Crimea passes the Golden Mean of the planet Earth?
Detailed articles about this were written by local historians and travelers Sergey TKACHENKO and Oleg SHIROKOV. However, our contemporaries are not, strictly speaking, the "discoverers" of this Crimean phenomenon. And it is even more gratifying that the palm here belongs to Maximilian VOLOSHIN.
As early as 1925, Voloshin's article "Culture, art, monuments of Crimea" was published in the Crimea guidebook. This kind of "Crimean manifesto" gives a lot of information to an inquisitive mind. The story about the project of the railway passing along the 45th parallel deserves special attention in it:
“Here, through the Crimean steppes to the Cimmerian Bosporus, and from there through the Caucasus and Persia, the old caravan route ran, which stalled after the Ottoman Empire lay down on all trade routes leading through Asia Minor, and Vasco de Gama opened new maritime directions.
But the need for this overland route has not been extinguished. England, as the metropolis of India, is most interested in it. Hence the condition dictated to Russia after the capture of Sevastopol.
Hence the railway of the 45th parallel, the project of which was developed even before the start of the European war; and during it, the tsarist government, under pressure and at the request of the same England, had already begun to implement it.
The direction of the line is as follows: London - Paris - Lyon - Turin - Lombardy - Venetian region - Trieste - Yugoslavia - Romania - Odessa - Nikolaev - Perekop - Dzhankoy - Vladislavovka - Kerch - bridge across the Kerch Strait - Taman Peninsula - Caucasian coast - and various options through Turkey and Persia to India.
During the war, Russia had already completed surveys for a bridge over the Cimmerian Bosphorus and work was underway on many other sections, but the civil war and new political combinations stopped these works.
There is no doubt that the railway track will sooner or later pass along the old caravan routes, and then the Crimea will again be in the middle of the great European route to Asia, which will completely transform its commercial and political significance.
At a new historical stage, another transport theme of the 45th parallel sounded in full force - space. Remember: "I believe, friends: caravans of rockets will rush us forward from star to star ...". Crimea was assigned an important role in this grandiose task: it served as one of the space flight control centers (by the way, Baikonur is also located approximately on the 45th parallel). So, the equidistance from the equator and the north pole provided not only convenience in launching spacecraft into orbit and their further control. Alternate runways for the Buranovs (one of which can be seen near Simferopol) were also built around the 45th parallel to maximize the ease of control of the space shuttle during landing approach.
Finally, there are facts that are completely mystical, which defy rational explanation. For example, Oleg Shirokov, a local historian, devoted an interesting study to the “subtle power connections” of the line of the 45th parallel with the Christian shrines of the peninsula:
“It is interesting that many Christian churches were built exactly on this line, and in places either located in the forest, or where people had not previously settled.
So, exactly on the 45th parallel is St. Nicholas Church in the village of Mazanka near Simferopol. There were no villages here before, and only Russian retired soldiers founded here in 1784 the “Sloboda of St.
Next, the convent of St. Paraskeva near the village of Topolevka (Belogorsky district). And again the church is exactly on the 45th parallel, and the place for the monastery was chosen in the forest zone. And there is no evidence that there was once a settlement here or that people lived at all.
It is not known how people chose places for temples - did they have such good astronomical instruments, or did people choose these places “with their hearts”? In addition, villages and buildings of monasteries can be a hundred meters a little north or south of the 45th parallel, but the places of churches do not know mistakes! ”, concludes Oleg Shirokov.
It should be noted another phenomenon of the 45th parallel - natural. For example, Mount Kubalach, in the Belogorsk district, is well known to botanists: Kuznetsov's cyclamen grows here. This beautiful flower is an absolute unique in the vast family of cyclamen, the rarest endemic (named after a famous botanist). In its natural state, Kuznetsov's cyclamen grows only on Kubalach - and, imagine, nowhere else in the world!
On the slopes of Mount Kubalach there is another remarkable object of nature, the source of Ak-Su. The name of the source, which literally translates as "White Water", is very symptomatic. Doesn't it remind the legendary Belovodye - Shambhala? According to one version, the mythical abode of freedom and wisdom was sought in the Gobi, a huge mountainous country, also stretching along the 45th parallel...
In the twilight of a short winter day, next to the monument to the aircraft designer Oleg Antonov, something big was guessed, while carefully covered with a parachute blanket. To the applause and joyful exclamations of the conference participants, the First Deputy Minister of Resorts and Tourism of Crimea, Marina SLESAREVA, cut the ribbon, and the audience saw a simple but picturesque composition, designed in accordance with all the rules of Feng Shui (author - Alla NEBRIEVA, director of the Para-Krym.Tour company) : young acacia trees bordered three hefty boulder stones. On the central one, a plate was fixed with the coordinates of the place - 45 degrees 00 minutes of northern latitude - and the text: “The 45th parallel passes in this place - the Golden Mean of the planet Earth. From here - the same distance to the Equator and the North Pole (about 5 thousand km in each direction).
The rally for the unveiling of the memorial was short, but very meaningful.
“Professionals of the tourism business have gathered here. Like no one else, you are aware of the uniqueness of Crimea, which is so expressively emphasized by the 45th parallel,” said one of the initiators of the action, journalist Vyacheslav KHACHATURYAN.
Then Daniel THIMEN, director of the Crimean office of the Local Investments and National Competitiveness (LINC) project, climbed the stone symbolizing the 45th parallel. Daniel said that he, a resident of London, had to be in Greenwich Park and see a memorial sign indicating the zero meridian. He recalled that exactly 125 years ago, in 1884, an international conference was held in Washington, D.C., which chose the meridian passing through the axis of the main telescope of the Greenwich Observatory in the suburbs of London as the reference point for longitude and standard time around the world. “The Greenwich meridian symbolically divides the Earth into the western and eastern hemispheres. And the LINK project, where I work, intends to unite the capabilities of America and Crimea,” THIEMAN emphasized.
Poet Vyacheslav LOZHKO, chairman of the Society for the Revival of Culture of Koktebel, read his new poem dedicated to the significant event:
Five thousand north
Five thousand south
And the center of the Earth is right there!
Strive to Koktebel,
my distant friend
You will look all over the Earth.
Hence the 45th parallel
Left, right, everything goes on.
Spirituality center - native Koktebel,
Oh, how many glorious names are here
and traditions!
The paths began here in space a long time ago,
Gliders soar like birds.
Feel the ball We are given the earth here,
Glorious stories Read the pages again!
Towards the end, the floor was taken by the Director of the Gliding Center "Koktebel", holder of the Order "For Courage" Boris NEBREYEV. Boris Albertovich recalled that the place for the installation of the memorial sign on Mount Klementyev was not chosen by chance. Firstly, the Koktebel Gliding Center, which brings together organizers and supporters of active types of tourism, is also located on the 45th parallel. Secondly, this place is significant for the Crimea: the most important events in the history of active tourism took place here.
85 years ago, in 1924, at the II All-Union Gliding Competition on Mount Uzun-Syrt, Oleg Antonov, the future outstanding Soviet aircraft designer, first joined the sky, presenting his first creation - the Dove glider. There is Konstantin
Artseulov received a diploma of a soaring pilot for No. 1.
80 years ago, in 1929, the VI All-Union glider meeting took place on Mount Klementyev. Here, for the first time, a student of the Moscow Higher Technical School Sergei Korolev appeared. He presented his first soaring glider SK-1 Koktebel, on which he himself showed the longest flight time - 4 hours 19 minutes.
In the same 1929, the Osoviahim Central Gliding School was opened on Mount Klementyev - the "progenitor" of the current Koktebel Gliding Center.
By the way, the new Crimean attraction has a wonderful "big brother" - "Ai-Petrinsky Meridian". On Mount Ai-Petri, not far from the weather station, on a hillock, a monument of an original form was erected: a cast-iron ball on a granite pedestal. The ball symbolizes the globe, and the tablets are fixed on the pedestal: one with coordinates, height above sea level, the second with the inscription: “G.U.Z. and 3. - O.Z.U. - The main benchmark of the Crimean water surveys. - Established in 1913.
Rapper (emphasis is placed on the last syllable) translated from French - mark, sign, starting point. In geodesy, this is the name of a sign that fixes the coordinates of a point on the earth's surface. Benchmarks serve as reference points for determining the heights of intermediate points on the earth's surface during topographic surveys and survey work.
"Ai-Petrinsky Meridian" was built for accurate topographical "binding" of the work of the Crimean water surveys of the Main Directorate of Land Management and Agriculture - the Department of Land Improvements (this is how the abbreviation G.U.Z. and 3. - O.Z.U. stands for), which in 1913-1918 carried out survey work on Ai-Petri and ensured the construction of water supply facilities in Yalta.
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