Colds force many people to seek medical help, especially during epidemics. During the year, about 50 million cases of infectious diseases are diagnosed in our country, of which 90% are acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and influenza. These diseases are often accompanied by the development of complications. The costs of the society for their prevention and treatment, the losses from the disability of the population are very high. Therefore, the relevance of information on how to quickly cure an acute infectious disease at home is beyond doubt.
Mode and nutrition
A patient with ARVI needs bed rest for the entire period of fever. Until complete recovery, the patient should be at home. At normal body temperature, it is allowed to visit a doctor at the clinic.
The room in which the patient is located must be frequently ventilated. Daily wet cleaning with antiseptic agents is required. It is recommended to limit the contact of healthy family members with the patient, to provide him with separate dishes and a towel.
Meals should be complete, with a high content of vegetables, fish, fermented milk products, vitamins. A plentiful drink is useful - a compote of dried fruits, rose hips, green tea. You should give up strong tea and coffee, sweets, fatty foods, alcohol.
It is important to take vitamins A, E, group B. It is best to buy ready-made multivitamin complexes at the pharmacy. During the recovery period after ARVI, you can take herbal adaptogens - Rhodiola rosea, ginseng.
Drug-free treatment
If the disease is not severe, without severe fever and intoxication, you can do with folk remedies, especially in a child. Useful steam inhalations with soda solution, rubbing the chest with badger fat, herbal ointments, balm "Golden Star". Acupressure massage of the face and hands will help to quickly relieve the symptoms of ARVI.
It is recommended to carry out warm gargling with infusion of coltsfoot, chamomile, calendula, sage and eucalyptus. These plants have anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating effects. Shown aromatherapy using essential oils of pine, eucalyptus, cedar.
At normal body temperature, thermal procedures are effective: hot foot baths with mustard, warm milk with honey, dry heat on the lower back. For a child, you can use socks filled with mustard powder - let him wear them in the evening before bed. Mustard plasters on the interscapular region will help to improve well-being. Do not wrap a scarf around your throat.
If the disease is accompanied by a high fever, runny nose, severe nasal congestion, headache and muscle pain, weakness, medical treatment of ARVI cannot be avoided.
Etiotropic therapy
Ideally, ARVI treatment should be etiotropic, that is, directed at the very cause of the disease - the virus. However, this therapy is only designed for influenza. For its treatment, drugs of two main groups are used:
- blockers of M2-channels (remantadine, amantadine);
- neuraminidase inhibitors (zanamivir, oseltamivir).
These medications quickly eliminate all flu symptoms. Their disadvantage is the rapid development of viral resistance and a decrease in their effectiveness after a few days of administration. In addition, these medications are rather poorly tolerated, causing nausea, dizziness, insomnia, and lack of appetite. With ARVI caused by other pathogens, these drugs are ineffective.
In modern conditions, more and more importance is attached to vaccine prophylaxis - the introduction of an inactivated vaccine into the body of a healthy person. The complexity of vaccine prevention lies in the fact that it is not always possible to correctly identify the type of influenza virus that will become the source of the epidemic in the current year.
Even etiotropic treatment and vaccine prophylaxis may not protect a person from getting the flu. With ARVI, these methods are not applied at all. Therefore, symptomatic therapy becomes the basis of ARVI treatment at home.
Symptomatic therapy
Treatment with symptomatic remedies at home helps to quickly eliminate the symptoms of the disease and prevent the development of complications. The main signs of SARS are cough, runny nose and fever. For their treatment, drugs from different pharmacological groups are needed:
- drugs that suppress inflammation;
- drugs that reduce mucosal edema;
- cough components;
- substances that inhibit membrane damage by free radicals;
- vitamins;
- antihistamines.
Usually, all of them in one combination or another are present in the combined remedies for colds. Modern medicine recommends such complex remedies in order to quickly recover from ARVI at home.
The advantages of combined drugs against ARVI:
- act on all links of the disease;
- contain balanced doses of drugs, which reduces the risk of overdose;
- components have a unidirectional (synergistic) effect;
- the combination products are cheaper than their individual components;
- ease of use, including for a child.
One of the main components of complex ARVI remedies is paracetamol. This is one of the safest antipyretic drugs. Phenylephrine, which is a decongestant, effectively relieves nasal congestion, eliminates a runny nose. Pheniramine is the most common antihistamine. This drug dries out the mucous membrane, eliminates itching and swelling of the eyes and nose.
To increase efficiency, reduce the feeling of fatigue, caffeine is a part of many combination products. It suppresses the drowsiness that antihistamines can cause. An important component of such funds is vitamin C. It reduces vascular permeability, strengthens cells, and increases the body's defenses. Many complex preparations with different effects have been developed, allowing each patient to choose the remedy that suits him best.
One of the most effective combined products on the Russian market is Lemsip. It contains paracetamol and phenylephrine in a balanced combination to quickly relieve all cold symptoms. This drug is the leader in the management of SARS symptoms in the UK. The drug is available in the form of a powder with a pleasant aroma, begins to act in 15 minutes. The action time reaches 6 hours. The medicine does not cause drowsiness.
Of the multicomponent preparations in the form of tablets, the Rinza agent should be noted. It is prescribed for children over 15 years of age and adults. The optimal composition of the medicine helps to quickly get rid of pain, runny nose and fever.
Features of ARVI treatment in young children
In babies up to 3 months old, it is necessary to monitor the drinking regime. The amount of water required per day is 120-150 ml per kg of the child's weight. Lack of fluid is the main danger of an infectious disease for a child's body.
If the baby's skin is pink, undress it, apply cold to the area of large vessels (groin, armpits) and rub with water at room temperature. Do not use vodka, vinegar, or cold water for this. This can cause a spasm of small vessels and completely "unbalance" thermoregulation. In some cases, a general bath with a water temperature two degrees below the child's body temperature helps to reduce the fever.
It is necessary to lower body temperature if it exceeds 38 ° C in children with diseases of the heart, lungs, nervous system, or in babies under the age of 3 months. In other cases, the “knocked down” temperature limit is 38.5˚С. It should be reduced gradually, preferably by 1–1.5 ° C. For this purpose, only two drugs can be used - paracetamol and ibuprofen.
If there is thick mucus in the child's nasal cavity, it is necessary to rinse the nose with saline. An aspirator can be used. If your baby's nose is breathing freely, you do not need to rinse it.
It is possible to use decongestants in special "children's" doses in a short course. For sore throats in children, it is better not to rinse, but to drink warm milk with honey, Borjomi mineral water, and soda.
Cough should be treated with breathing exercises, postural drainage, chest massage, and drinking plenty of fluids. Your doctor may prescribe sputum-thinning agents by mouth or by inhalation. Self-medication with these drugs is dangerous.
In the treatment of a child, unjustified prescription of immunostimulating, antiviral and antibacterial drugs should be avoided.
The most common and painful topic for every person and for every family in the autumn-winter period is ARVI. During epidemic periods, 8-9 people out of 10 can get sick. Respiratory viral infections mean diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by a group of viruses. There are about 250 types of viruses that can lead to the development of ARVI.
The primary factor in the development of the disease is hypothermia and, as a result, a decrease in general immunity. Hypothermia of the lower extremities is of great importance.
Prevention of ARVI
- Eat a regular diet rich in vitamins and proteins.
- Be sure to get enough sleep, you can sleep for 1-2 hours during the day.
- Try not to get into stressful situations.
- Come home - wash your hands immediately with soap and water. Wash thoroughly with soap and nasal passages.
- In public places, hospitals, pharmacies, shops, do not hesitate to wear your regular disposable mask.
- Drop 2-3 drops of beet juice into the nasal passages.
- Instill the drug Grippferon 2-3 times a day.
- Lubricate the nasal passages with Oxolinic ointment when going outside.
- Take 1 tablet of Dibazol for 2 weeks.
As a rule, at the beginning there is a period of the first vague, weak symptoms. Weakness, coughing, runny nose, sore throat, aches in the muscles of the body, slight subfebrile condition. What can you do first thing at home? So, ARVI treatment at home involves:
- It is very good to wrap yourself up warmly and sweat in your sleep.
- Rub your feet with vodka, and put on warm dry socks.
We drink warm tea with honey and ginger:
- Put one teaspoon on a glass of tea. grated ginger and the same part of honey.
- Mix all this thoroughly.
- You need to drink 2-3 glasses of this tea drink.
You can put dry jars on your back.
Treatment of SARS in adults involves the fact that you need to sweat properly. Therefore, we use tea with diaphoretic herbs:
- Linden blossom;
- elder;
- raspberries.
If ARVI proceeds without temperature, then such a simple method can be used for treatment:
- We collect half a glass of water
- We put 5 drops of iodine there.
- We drink.
- immunomodulators;
- antihistamines;
- antiviral drugs;
- multivitamins.
Remember that before embarking on the standards of ARVI treatment in adults, it is better to consult with your local doctor. He will be able to prescribe the optimal treatment regimen for ARVI in adults.
One of the proven antiviral drugs that can provide effective treatment for acute respiratory viral infections in adults is Viferon in a dosage of 500 thousand units. It contains ready-made antibodies for suppressing viruses. A drug of a similar group is Kipferon. These drugs are taken 1 candle, rectally 2 times a day.
Another proven drug is Isoprinosine. Has antiviral nonspecific action and reduces the immunosuppression of viruses. It is taken in a dosage of 500 mg for a period of 5 days.
Rapid treatment of acute respiratory viral infections in adults allows for the use of antibiotics. However, as a rule, they are prescribed in the presence of complications of the disease.
From vitamins, take large doses of ascorbic acid, up to 1 gram per day.
Antihistamines include:
- Diphenhydramine;
- Tavegil;
- Loratadin et al.
Take 1-2 times a day.
Note that it is best to take cough medicine only with your doctor's advice. Because it is necessary to assess the type of cough. However, candies containing sage are allowed.
Warm milk with borjomi in equal proportions will also help well.
Do not forget about wet cleaning of the room up to 2 times a day, as well as airing up to 4-5 times a day.
The patient needs to provide adequate nutrition with protein foods: broths, vegetables and fruits, seafood. You should eat often, but fractionally.
And most importantly, you need bed rest for the patient. Complications usually develop if the cold is carried on the legs. These are defeats:
- hearts;
- kidney;
- brain;
- lungs, etc.
Common cold is a mild viral disease of the upper respiratory tract. The most common of them are acute respiratory disease (ARI) and acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI). These diseases are easily recognized and can be treated at home.
You will need
- - salt
- - milk
- - honey
- - butter and sunflower oil
- - pharmacy collection of herbs
- - cranberry
- - essential oils
- - radish
- - lemon
Instructions
- Start treatment at the first symptoms of a cold. It can be cough, runny nose, sore throat, general weakness. The sooner you take action, the sooner the disease will subside. However, take your time to rush to your doctor for a prescription for antibiotics; try proven home remedies first.
- Drink plenty of warm liquid, green or herbal tea with honey is ideal. Use a natural antibiotic: cranberries, puree from berries, add boiling water to it, strain and consume throughout the day. If you are not allergic to bee products, use honey in other medicinal products. For example, mix it with radish juice (it stands out if you make a cone-shaped depression in the vegetable and leave it in a closed saucepan for several hours).
- Dissolve a quarter teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water. Gargle with the resulting solution when coughing, and in case of a runny nose, instill a few drops in each nostril two to three times a day. After the procedure, lubricate the nostrils with petroleum jelly or “Asterisk” balm. Alternatively, heat a few teaspoons of salt in a dry frying pan, pour into a tissue bag or handkerchief and apply to the sinuses. In the same way, you can warm up your nose with a hot baked potato.
- Gargle with decoctions of medicinal herbs. Take one tablespoon of dried sage or chamomile leaves and boil in a glass of boiling water. Cool to room temperature and use every few hours throughout the day. If you trust aromatherapy, try a massage with plant essential oils. Mix five drops each of sage, chamomile, and eucalyptus oil with four tablespoons of sunflower oil. Rub the mixture on your neck and back before bed.
- Do not ignore general medical advice for people with colds. Avoid heavy, fatty foods, prefer chicken broth, green apples, lemons, warm milk with a lump of butter. Ventilate the room often. If possible, stay in bed, sleep in woolen socks and with a scarf around your neck.
- Be sure to see your doctor if your cold only gets worse after a few days of active treatment. New emerging symptoms of the disease, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, high fever, should also be a reason for a visit to a doctor.
How to cure a viral infection (throat, temperature 38.2, stuffy nose, whole body aches.)
Answers:
Anna Matveeva
Antibiotics - no way! They do not affect viruses, only bacteria, and flu, like any "cold", is a viral infection. Antipyretic drugs (aspirin, paracetamol, fervex, coldrex and other advertising charm) - only if the temperature is higher than 38.5. In all other cases, you will create a protracted course of the disease.
Start taking immunity stimulants as soon as possible, echinacea preparations are best, the pharmacy has immunal and echinacea tincture. This is the same. On the first day, take half a teaspoon every two hours, then three times a day. If you capture it in the first hours of a viral disease, then you can simply cut it off, if later, you will still recover much faster and without complications. But you will honestly recover for about a day, until the body is collected, and the virus is destroyed.
If there is no appetite, it is better to starve, because at high temperatures food is not absorbed, but only poisons the body. But the drink should be plentiful - up to 3 liters per day. By the way, alcohol enhances the toxic effect of the virus, especially the flu.
user unknown
Drink what the doctor ordered, or you can look in the handbook of a practitioner if there is a book like that ...
In general, in my opinion, it is better not to drink anything particularly strong, for for example, I, in my soul, can not imagine how these drugs act on the body ...
Valentina Tsimbelman
Maybe such a cocktail will help, it will feel better. If there are no stomach problems, but still eat something in front of it. Juice of two oranges, one grapefruit, and one lemon, and you can add a little water. I wish you recovery !!!
limon
Gripostat C helps me a lot. The first day, two capsules, three times a day, and then one at a time. Three days and everything will pass.
Ekaterina Shumova
Drink tea with viburnum berries (lowers the temperature), with raspberries, with honey (if there is no allergy to these products. And from medicines - oscillococcinum (homeopathy).
anny smit
stupidity! Can I tell you how antibiotics are treated? I'm too lazy, but I'll work hard! it is antibiotics that kill some types of bacteria, viruses and microbes, call it what you want, mainly destroying, as you think, itself, what? The toxins that these bacteria release! The temperature is kept from intoxication with toxins (poisons) that bacteria release, respectively - 1 load on the heart, 2 on the central nervous system (since some toxins affect the central nervous system), on the kidneys. Biseptol is the safest antibiotic, just against viral diseases, I would advise those 2 times a day, morning and evening, one tab. , further, so that the infection does not go to the bronchi, brombexin in 3 tablets is also u / v, and the most important link, hot wine is strongly diluted with boiling water exclusively before bedtime, 1 - the wine disinfects the oral and pharyngeal area, 2 - you sweat from it, 3 - fall asleep instantly. you will be cured in two days. and also - naphthyzine in the nose every time it starts to flow, or stuff the nose. recommend every 3 hours. Make sure that the time interval for taking Biseptol and wine is at least 4 hours. that is, at 18.00 you drink Biseptol, at 22 for example, when you go to bed, you drink wine. I got it?
Svetlana Aldoshina
If your pharmacy sells "Citrosept" grapefruit seed oil urgently buy and take 30 drops 3 times a day. After 3 days, do not even remember that you were sick. I always have it at home, and as soon as it ends, I run to the pharmacy. The thing is very powerful. my whole family uses it, if that. One drawback - bitter, obscenely, but if dissolved in orange juice, and not in water, then it is easier to consume.
Inga Kravchenko
"I look sad -
My head hurts
I sneeze, I'm hoarse.
What's happened?
It's the flu! "
S. V. Mikhalkov
SARS are the most common human diseases - up to 90% of all cases of infectious diseases. Everyone gets sick with them - some more often, others less often, but that's all. In winter, more often (viruses at this time are much more active), less often in summer, but they still get sick.
The viruses that cause SARS infect the so-called epithelial cells - the cells that cover the airways from the nose and throat to the lungs. There are a great many of these viruses, the most famous is influenza, but there are others - less famous, but no less nasty (parainfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus, reovirus, etc.). Particularly sad is the fact that each of these viruses has a certain number of variants (parainfluenza - only 4, influenza several dozen), so a person has a theoretical, and, often, a real practical opportunity to get sick with ARVI very often.
In the external environment, viruses die quite quickly, but from person to person they are transmitted very easily - by airborne droplets. From the moment of infection until the first signs of the disease appear (this period is called the incubation period), very little time is needed - sometimes several hours, but, as a rule, no more than four days.
Any respiratory virus, as a rule, does not affect all the respiratory tract, but a specific area. Even at this level, the selectivity of viruses can be traced. Rhinovirus - nasal mucosa, parainfluenza - larynx and trachea, flu - trachea and bronchi, etc.
The symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections are well known to everyone, if only because a person who has never had an acute respiratory viral infection simply does not exist. At first, malaise, well, an increase in body temperature, a runny nose and a cough do not keep you waiting for a long time.
But the specific, individual symptoms of ARVI in each case depend, first of all, on where, on which part of the respiratory tract, the virus caused the strongest inflammatory process. There are many scary medical words to denote this place. RINITIS - damage to the nasal mucosa, FARINGITIS - damage to the mucous membrane of the pharynx, NASOPHARYNGITIS (nose and pharynx at the same time), TONZILLITIS (tonsils), LARINGITIS (larynx), TRACHEITIS (trachea), BRONCHITIS (bronchi), bronchial tubes (very small) ...
Combining these words (tonsilopharyngitis, laryngotracheitis, tracheobronchitis, etc.), readers may well not only get used to medical terminology, but also use the information received for personal gain. It is one thing to tell the boss at work that your child had ARVI, and quite another that the child had nasopharyngotonsillitis. Taking into account the general conviction that the severity of the disease is directly related to the incomprehensibility of the diagnosis, the sympathy of your superiors is guaranteed.
Knowing the signs of damage to a particular part of the respiratory tract, the doctor can not only make an accurate diagnosis (that is, say not just "ARVI", but specifically "ARVI, bronchitis" or "ARVI, laryngotracheitis"), but also suggest which virus caused a real illness.
A profuse rhinitis with a slightly disturbed general condition - rhinitis, most likely a rhinovirus; hoarse or hoarse voice, rough painful cough - laryngitis, most likely parainfluenza; a very high temperature, a pronounced violation of the general condition, a slight runny nose, a frequent dry cough - bronchitis, most likely the flu, etc.
Prevention methods and principles of ARVI treatment do not depend on how exactly the given virus is called. By the way, this largely determines the fact that practical pediatricians prefer not to fool their patients' heads and rarely call diseases by their exact names, for example, adenovirus infection, or parainfluenza. By and large, the word "ARVI" suits both parents and doctors, and they use it
_
I just had the flu, it went away in 2-3 days without complications - I just lay at home and slept, did not eat and only drank hot weak tea. let the immunity work.
and antibiotics mow down their own flora and indirectly undermine their own immunity.
Irina Plashchuk
Here are a couple of tips:
Change into pajamas and woolen socks and a scarf.
If you go to bed very much and try to sleep.
Ask your mom (or another adult who can help) to make you hot lemon tea. Or she poured hot milk with honey.
Try using Tantum Verde or Lizobact if the throat is red.
How to cure a cold in a day: proven methods
With chills and slight malaise, with which in most cases a cold begins, you need to take emergency measures - if your plans do not include getting sick and sitting for a couple of days with a temperature, and then walking for another week without parting with a handkerchief.
To cure a cold in one day, it is best to spend it at home and not go anywhere. But we must use this day with the maximum benefit for our health and devote it to the fight against the onset of colds, as well as acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections. In this we will be helped not only by pharmaceutical preparations, but also by proven home remedies: linden blossom broth, tea with raspberries, hot milk with honey, onions, garlic and mustard. We will start with her ...
Cold treatment in one day: keep warm and sweat
If you are cold, the first step is to keep warm. Frozen feet will be perfectly warmed by a hot bath with mustard - what we simply call “steam your feet”. In a bowl of hot water (not lower than + 40-42 ° C), dissolve a spoon and a half of mustard powder and hold the legs for 15 minutes, adding hot water as needed. After that, you need to thoroughly wipe your feet dry, put on woolen socks and lie under a warm blanket. Instead of a hot foot bath, you can simply pour mustard powder into your socks and go to bed. And if you don't have dry mustard on hand, rub your feet with vodka and put on warm socks.
We warm our chilled hands under running hot water: five minutes, raising the temperature from pleasantly warm to hot (+ 42-43 ° С). Then we wipe our hands dry and put on something warm with long sleeves. To enhance the effect, you can put on warm mittens on your hands and spend the next 60 minutes wrapped in a woolen blanket.
To sweat, and therefore get rid of toxins and try to cure a cold in a day, the body needs more fluid than usual. Therefore, we will drink - exclusively hot: tea with raspberry jam, tea with lemon and honey, decoction of linden blossom, thyme, chamomile or elderberry flowers with mint. It is not difficult to prepare decoctions of medicinal plants: take 2 tbsp for a glass of boiling water. dry spoons or herbs, brew with boiling water, cover and let it brew for 15-20 minutes. Herbal teas for colds are drunk at 0.5 liters per day. And the total daily volume of fluid for symptoms of a cold or ODS should be at least two liters.
"Just in case" you measured the temperature and saw that the thermometer went up - do not panic. If the body temperature does not exceed + 38 ° C, then doctors do not advise bringing it down, because an increase in temperature is evidence that a person's immunity has begun to fight the disease. And we can and should help him cure a cold in one day, for example, by drinking hot tea with ginger root, which strengthens the body's immune system and prevents infections from developing. To prepare ginger tea, peel a piece of root 2 cm long, cut it finely, put it in a cup with tea leaves, pour 200-250 ml of boiling water and let it brew for 15 minutes. You can add a slice of lemon and a teaspoon of natural honey to this healing drink.
By the way, after you sweat, be sure to wipe your skin with a well-wrung out hot towel - to remove the released toxins, and change into dry clothes.
How to quickly cure a runny nose with a cold?
If a cold has made itself felt with nasal congestion, you need to take the initiative and apply generation-proven methods of dealing with the first symptoms of a cold.
Among the many folk remedies for treating the common cold for colds, there are a sufficient number of very effective ones - especially at the initial stage of the disease.
It is recommended to lubricate the nose with Kalanchoe juice - 2-3 times a day (or instill 2 drops of juice in each nostril). Commonly used table salt is mixed with butter. This homemade ointment (a third of a teaspoon of oil is mixed with the same amount of salt and warmed up a little) is applied to the outside of the nose. And for rinsing the nose, which moisturizes the mucous membrane and facilitates nasal breathing, a teaspoon of salt is dissolved in 0.5 cups of warm water. Washing is carried out as follows: one nostril is closed with a finger, and the second is drawn into the nose with a salt solution (the same is done with the second nostril).
An ancient folk remedy for a cold for colds is an ordinary onion.
It is enough to cut the onion in half and breathe in phytoncides that are released from the cut. Onion phytoncides have bactericidal properties and are capable of neutralizing even diphtheria bacillus and the causative agent of tuberculosis, Koch's bacillus. So they can easily cope with a runny nose: you need to keep cotton swabs moistened with onion juice in your nostrils several times a day for 10 minutes.
An effective remedy for a cold for colds is to bury the nose with any warm oil (for example, olive, sea buckthorn, menthol) or an oily solution of retinol acetate (vitamin A). Balm "Zvezdochka" "should also help if you smear it on the bridge of the nose and the wings of the nose before going to bed.
From pharmacy nasal remedies for a stuffy nose, drops "Galazolin", "Naphtizin", "Nazol", "Nazivin" and sprays "Sanorin", Otrivin "," Vibrocil "," Delufen "and others have proven themselves well.
How to cure a cough for a cold in a day?
When a cough is the first sign that you have a cold, you should start by rubbing your back and chest with ointments that contain essential oils that are disinfecting, distracting and irritating.
You can rub the chest area overnight with a mixture of castor oil (2 tablespoons) with turpentine (1 tablespoon) or ready-made pharmacy turpentine ointment. This remedy is rubbed into the skin of the chest (except for the heart area) and into the soles of the feet, wrapped up warmly. With the help of two or three rubbing, you can cure a cough with a cold almost in a day. But it should be borne in mind that such procedures cannot be carried out at elevated temperatures.
Badger fat has proved to be an irreplaceable remedy for coughs (and not only). Due to its composition, badger fat has a tonic, anti-inflammatory and even immunostimulating effect on the human body. This fat should be rubbed on the back and chest area at night. And in folk medicine such a recipe is very popular: mix 100 g of badger fat, honey and cocoa powder with 50 g of butter and 50 g of chopped leaves of aloe (agave). Add 5 g of mummy and propolis, as well as 50 g of medical alcohol. Mix all ingredients until smooth.
For the treatment of cough for colds, 1 teaspoon of this mixture is diluted in a glass of water and rubbed overnight on the back, chest and calf muscles of the legs. And for internal use - as a powerful tonic - 1 tbsp. a spoonful of the mixture is dissolved in a glass of hot milk and drunk in small sips (before eating).
Instead of tea for the treatment of cough for colds, you need to drink decoctions of medicinal herbs: oregano, coltsfoot, elecampane, sweet clover, thyme, peppermint. A handful of herbs are taken into a glass of boiling water and brewed like tea, which, after 15 minutes of infusion, is ready for use - a glass three times a day. Special chest coughs are sold at pharmacies. For example, “Breast collection №1” contains marshmallow root, coltsfoot leaves and oregano herb; and in "Breast collection No. 2" - the leaves of coltsfoot, leaves of plantain and licorice root. These herbal remedies are available in filter bags and are very easy to brew.
A good remedy for severe coughs is fresh black radish juice, which has anti-inflammatory and expectorant properties. The radish must be washed, peeled and finely chopped. Then mix with granulated sugar in a 1: 1 ratio and put in a jar, tightly closed with a lid. After 4-5 hours, the radish will give a healing juice, which must be taken - 1 tablespoon at least three times during the day.
One of the most effective cough treatment methods is steam inhalation. For example, with eucalyptus, mint, juniper or pine oil. Put a few drops of oil in a bowl of boiling water, sit down, tilt your head over the container, cover yourself with a towel and breathe in the steam. These simple home treatments have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, expectorant and bronchodilator effects.
Aerosol inhalations, which are carried out using pocket inhalers, are also useful. Most often, the mixtures include essential oils (menthol, anise, eucalyptus, peach), as well as natural honey and propolis (alcohol solution). Here is a recipe for honey inhalation with propolis: Dissolve 1-2 teaspoons of honey in 0.5 cups of boiled water and drip 6-8 drops of propolis. Water can be replaced with 0.2% furacilin solution. The duration of the procedure is 5 minutes.
If we talk about pharmaceutical drugs for coughs, then drugs such as Glauvent, Libexin or Tusuprex inhibit the cough reflex, but do not depress breathing. And "Tusuprex" has not only an antitussive effect, but also a weak expectorant. Doctors recommend taking these medicines three times a day, one tablet.
The group of drugs that have enveloping, expectorant and mucolytic (thinning phlegm) action include Acetylcysteine, Bromhexine, Ambroxol (synonym for Lazolvan), etc. Remember that many drugs have side effects and often more than one. It is for this reason that drugs for the treatment of cough for colds are recommended to be taken after consulting a doctor.
How to cure a throat for a cold in a day?
Gargling is the first emergency method for sore throat and sore throat with a cold. Decoctions of sage, chamomile, St. John's wort and violet tricolor have long been considered the most effective for rinsing. It is not difficult to prepare them: 1 tbsp. pour a spoonful of herbs with 1 glass of boiling water, put on fire, bring to a boil and immediately remove from the stove. The broth should be infused in a sealed container for 15-20 minutes. You need to gargle often with a warm broth, this will relieve inflammation of the mucous membrane and help cure a cold in a day.
It is very useful to gargle a sore throat with this composition: dissolve a teaspoon of sodium chloride and soda in 200 ml of warm boiled water, add 8-10 drops of iodine. And also with such a solution: in a glass of warm water, take 2 tbsp. tablespoons of apple cider vinegar or fresh lemon juice.
It is not easy to cure a cold in a day, but honey and lemon always come to our aid. At the first hint of a sore throat, cut off a slice of lemon, put a teaspoon of honey on top - and in your mouth! And chew! Then swallow. The "procedure" can be repeated every hour.
Do you trust pharmacy products more? To your health! The pharmacy has a large selection of all kinds of lozenges for sore throat, for example, Strepsils and Coldakt Lorpils, which are based on such a chemical as the antiseptic amylmetacresol. And in "Strepsils plus" lollipops there is also an anesthetic - lidocaine. Tablets under the tongue "Septefril" contain the strongest antiseptic substance decamethoxin, which is used in the treatment of purulent and fungal skin lesions, as well as for the treatment of hands and the operated area in surgery.
And in "Faringosept", which relieves sore throat and discomfort when swallowing, the main active ingredient is the drug ambazon with a strong bacteriostatic effect. Doctors prescribe ambazon for the treatment of acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx (tonsillitis, tonsillitis, stomatitis, pharyngitis, etc.).
Treating a cold in one day with medications
At the first symptoms of a cold, people often take advertised medications. For example, "Arbidol", which is considered an antiviral agent that increases immunity. It contains the active ingredient umifenovir, as well as the inorganic pigment titanium dioxide (E 171) and the yellow sunset food coloring - E 110. The latter negatively affects the human body, therefore it is prohibited in the USA and some European countries. It should also be noted that the drug "Arbidol" (Russian production) is not considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a promising antiviral drug, and the American Food and Drug Administration refused to register it in the United States as a drug drug.
One can not but rejoice in the fast action of drugs such as Coldrex Hotrem or Teraflu, used to treat colds in one day. Many have tried their effectiveness on themselves, but not everyone knows that the therapeutic effect of cold powders is due to the presence in their composition of the maximum single dose of paracetamol, a popular antipyretic and anesthetic drug all over the world. With prolonged use and in large doses, paracetamol can cause allergic reactions, as well as toxic effects on the liver and kidneys.
In addition to paracetamol, cold powders of various brands contain phenylephrine hydrochloride, which constricts the vessels of the nasal mucosa. So do not be surprised if, after 3-4 days of taking the cold sore powder, you feel a burning, dry, or tingling nose. This is the action of phenylephrine. And in the list of its side effects are: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, skin rash, angioedema, increased blood pressure and palpitations.
The common cold is commonly referred to as a range of different diseases, usually of viral origin. They are indeed sometimes provoked by hypothermia of the body, but even more often viruses "attack" weakened children's organisms. It is those who are accustomed to being effeminate, "wrapped up" babies who often suffer from "colds".
SARS and other colds
Sore throats, bronchitis, rhinitis and other diseases, the catalyst of which is a mild cold, are quite common in children of different ages. But the most common manifestations are ARVI - acute respiratory viral infection. This is also a generalized term, under ARVI or otherwise ARI (acute respiratory diseases) means a group of dysfunctions of the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract. They manifest themselves as inflammatory processes, externally expressed in pain, sore throat, sneezing and coughing, runny nose, weakness, a slight increase in temperature.
There are a lot of causative agents of colds, about 200 viruses. About 30% of diseases develop under the influence of rhinoviruses. Most often, infection occurs through direct contact with already sick children and adults: in kindergarten, school, at home, in public places. The virus can be transmitted by airborne droplets and by contact.
Who gets sick more often?
It has been noticed that the youngest children, up to 5-7 years old, are often susceptible to viral infections. Their defenses are simply still weak. Additional points that increase the likelihood of illness are a lack of vitamins, fatigue, other recent diseases that weakened the body, hypothermia. More often sedentary children who are prone to overeating are ill.
Based on these risk factors, it is easy to build a tactic for strengthening the immune system, which will become the prevention of diseases of this series. This is a balanced diet, rich in vitamins and minerals, with a sufficient protein content. Do not forget that fermented milk products, which children often love, also have a beneficial effect on the intestinal microflora, and it, in turn, is actively involved in protecting the body from viruses and toxins. It is necessary to ventilate the room, walk, engage in outdoor games with the children: this will make the children more protected from viruses and bacteria, and will strengthen relationships within the family.
If, nevertheless, the child is ill
But preventive measures do not always help. The child becomes moody, shows clear signs of malaise. If the temperature is not higher than 38 °, it is not worth "knocking down" it, since the rise in temperature is one of the ways to fight infection, so the body copes with the disease faster. But if it is even higher, this is too much load, and even convulsions may occur. The easiest way to lower the baby's temperature is by rubbing: moisten a napkin with water, you can add a little vinegar (1/20 of the volume of water).
The main thing is to provide the child with peace, abundant drink, nutrition rich in vitamins. Rinsing the throat, instilling the nose is symptomatic treatment, and more often it is not required.
But if the disease develops too acutely, drug treatment can also be applied: Interferon, Viferon, Grippferon, Arbidol and other drugs. But only on the recommendation of a doctor and accurately observing the dosage. In no case should you grab onto these or other medications yourself, they may have contraindications, and parents may not guess with the dosage, and this leads to dangerous complications.
ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection) is a disease of the respiratory tract caused by the ingestion of a viral infection. The route of transmission of viruses is airborne. People with weakened immune systems are most at risk of contracting an acute infection during cold periods of time, and this happens especially often.
To provide the patient with quality care, the doctor prescribes drugs with a complex spectrum of action. Next, we will consider what kind of disease it is, what are the causes and symptoms in adults, as well as how to treat ARVI to quickly restore the body.
What is ARVI?
SARS are airborne infections caused by viral pathogens that mainly affect the respiratory system. Outbreaks of respiratory viral infections occur all year round, but the epidemic is more often observed in autumn and winter, especially in the absence of high-quality prevention and quarantine measures to identify cases of infection.
During periods of peak incidence, ARVI is diagnosed in 30% of the world's population, respiratory viral infections are several times higher in frequency of occurrence of other infectious diseases.
The difference between ARVI and ARI is insignificant at first glance. However, there may be a virus (flu) or bacteria (streptococcus), the causative agent of ARVI is only a virus.
Causes
SARS are caused by a variety of viruses belonging to different genera and families. They are united by a pronounced affinity for the cells of the epithelium lining the respiratory tract. Acute respiratory viral infections can cause different types of viruses:
- flu,
- parainfluenza,
- adenoviruses,
- rhinoviruses,
- 2 RSV serovars,
- reoviruses.
Entering the body through the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract or the conjunctiva of the eyes, viruses, entering the epithelial cells, begin to multiply and destroy them. In places where viruses are introduced, inflammation occurs.
Source of infection- a sick person, especially if this person is in the initial stage of the disease: feeling unwell and weak until the moment when a person realizes that he is sick, already isolating a virus, he infects his environment - the work collective, fellow travelers in public transport, family.
The main route of transmission airborne, with small particles of mucus and saliva released when talking, coughing, sneezing.
For the development of ARVI, the concentration of the virus in the environment is of great importance. So, the smaller the number of viruses gets on the mucous membranes, the lower the percentage of the likelihood of developing the disease. A high saturation of viruses remains in a closed room, especially with a large crowd of people. The lowest concentration of viruses, on the other hand, is observed in the open air.
Risk factors
Provoking factors contributing to the development of infection:
- hypothermia;
- stress;
- poor nutrition;
- unfavorable ecological situation;
- chronic infections.
It is best to determine how a doctor can treat ARVI. Therefore, if the first symptoms appear, it is necessary to call a local therapist or pediatrician.
Incubation period
The incubation period of ARVI in adults can last from 1 to 10 days, but generally it is 3-5 days.
The disease is highly contagious. Viruses enter the mucous membranes by airborne droplets. You can get sick through touching your hands, dishes, towels, so communication with the patient should be strictly limited.
In order not to infect the rest of the family, the patient must:
- wear a special gauze bandage;
- use only your personal hygiene items;
- process them systematically.
After an illness, immunity does not develop resistance to ARVI, which is due to a large number of different viruses and their strains. Moreover, viruses are susceptible to mutation. This leads to the fact that an adult can get ARVI up to 4 times a year.
If a patient is diagnosed with an illness, he is prescribed antiviral drugs and bed rest until he fully recovers.
The first signs of an acute respiratory viral infection
It usually starts with mild discomfort and a sore throat. In some people, at this time, there is an exacerbation of chronic herpes, accompanied by the appearance of characteristic bubbles with liquid in the lips.
The first signs of an acute respiratory viral infection will be:
- pain in the eyes;
- increase in overall body temperature;
- a situation in which watery eyes and a runny nose;
- sore throat, dryness, irritation, sneezing;
- an increase in the size of the lymph nodes;
- sleep disturbances;
- coughing fits;
- changes in voice (if the mucous membranes of the larynx are inflamed).
How much ARVI is contagious for an adult? Experts have found that a person who has caught the virus becomes infectious 24 hours before the very first symptoms of the disease are detected.
Thus, if signs of a respiratory infection appeared 2.5 days after the introduction of the pathogen into the body, then the sick person could infect those around him, starting from 1.5 days after communicating with the previous carrier of the virus.
Symptoms of SARS in adults
Common features of ARVI: relatively short (about a week) incubation period, acute onset, fever, intoxication and catarrhal symptoms. The symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections in adults develop rapidly, and the faster the response to the invasion of infection is taken and treatment is started, the easier the immunity will cope with the disease.
The main symptoms of ARVI in adults and children:
- Malaise - muscle weakness and joint aches, you want to lie down all the time;
- drowsiness - constantly tends to sleep, no matter how much time a person sleeps;
- runny nose - not strong at first, just like a clear liquid from the nose. Most attribute this to a sharp change in temperature (I entered a warm room from the cold, and condensation appeared in my nose);
- chills - discomfort when touching the skin;
- sore throat - it can be expressed as a sore throat, and a tingling sensation or even cutting in the neck.
Depending on the state of the immune system, the symptoms of SARS may increase or decrease. If the protective functions of the respiratory system are at a high level, it will be very easy to get rid of the virus and the disease will not cause complications.
In addition, if the usual symptoms of ARVI do not go away after 7-10 days, then this will also be a reason to consult a specialist (more often it becomes an ENT doctor).
| Kinds | Symptoms in an adult |
| Adenovirus infection |
|
There is:
|
|
| Parainfluenza | The incubation period lasts 2-7 days. This form of ARVI is characterized by an acute course and an increase in symptoms:
|
| MS infection | Its symptoms, in general, are similar to parainfluenza, but its danger is that bronchitis may develop as a result of untimely treatment. |
If the patient has chronic diseases, then this can lead to an exacerbation. During the period of exacerbation, diseases develop: bronchial asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis,. They worsen a person's condition and make it difficult to treat.
Symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections requiring urgent medical attention:
- temperature above 40 degrees, almost or not responding to taking antipyretic drugs;
- impaired consciousness (confusion, fainting);
- intense headache with inability to bend the neck, bringing the chin to the chest
the appearance of a rash on the body (asterisks, hemorrhages); - chest pain when breathing, difficulty breathing in or out, feeling short of air, coughing up phlegm (pink is more severe);
- prolonged, more than five days fever;
- the appearance of discharge from the respiratory tract of green, brown color, mixed with fresh blood;
- chest pain, not dependent on breathing, edema.
Complications
If during ARVI you do not take the necessary measures to treat it, complications may develop, which are expressed in the development of the following diseases and conditions:
- acute sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses with the addition of a purulent infection),
- lowering the infection down the respiratory tract with the formation and,
- spread of infection to the auditory tube with formation,
- accession of a secondary bacterial infection (for example,),
- exacerbation of foci of chronic infection both in the bronchopulmonary system and in other organs.
Particularly susceptible to this are the so-called "adult" adolescents who cannot sit at home for a minute. It is necessary to have a conversation with them, because complications after ARVI can not only spoil life, there have been cases with a lethal outcome.
Diagnostics
Which doctor will help? If you have or suspect the development of ARVI, you should immediately seek advice from such doctors as a therapist, infectious disease specialist.
For the diagnosis of ARVI, the following examination methods are usually used:
- Examination of the patient;
- Immunofluorescent express diagnostics;
- Bacteriological research.
If the patient has developed bacterial complications, then he is referred for consultation to other specialists - a pulmonologist, an otolaryngologist. If pneumonia is suspected, an x-ray of the lungs is taken. If there are pathological changes on the part of ENT organs, then the patient is assigned to carry out pharyngoscopy, rhinoscopy, otoscopy.
How to treat ARVI in adults?
At the first symptoms of the disease, bed rest is necessary. You need to call a doctor to diagnose and determine the severity of the disease. In a mild and moderate form, ARVI is treated at home, a severe form in an infectious diseases hospital.
- Mode.
- Reducing intoxication.
- Impact on the pathogen is the use of antiviral agents for ARVI.
- Elimination of the main manifestations - a runny nose, sore throat, cough.
Drugs for the treatment of ARVI
It is imperative to treat ARVI with the help of antiviral drugs, because the main cause of the disease is the virus. From the first hours of the onset of ARVI symptoms, no later than 48 hours later, they begin to take one of the drugs 2 times a day:
- Amiksin;
- rimantadine or amantadine - 0.1 g each;
- oseltamivir (Tamiflu) - 0.075 - 0.15 g;
- zanamivir (Relenza).
You need to take antiviral drugs for 5 days.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This category includes:
- Ibuprofen,
- Paracetamol
- Diclofenac.
These drugs have an anti-inflammatory effect, reduce temperature indicators, and relieve pain.
You can take combination drugs, which contain paracetamol - for example:
- Fervex,
- Teraflu
Their effectiveness is the same as that of ordinary paracetamol, but they are more convenient to use and reduce the intensity of other ARVI symptoms due to the presence of phenylephrine and chlorphenamine in the composition.
Antihistamines are needed to reduce signs of inflammation: nasal congestion, swelling of the mucous membranes. Recommended reception "", "Fenistila", "Zirtek". Unlike first generation drugs, they do not cause drowsiness.
Against nasal congestion and runny nose with ARVI in adults, vasoconstrictor nasal drops Vibrocil, Nazivin, Otrivin, Sanorin are used.
Are Antibiotics Needed?
The prognosis for ARVI is generally favorable. A worsening prognosis occurs when complications occur, a more severe course often develops with a weakening of the body, in children of the first year of life, in elderly people. Some complications (pulmonary edema, encephalopathy, false croup) can be fatal.
The main indications for taking antibiotics for colds are the following:
- chronic inflammation of the middle ear;
- purulent otitis media;
- purulent;
- quinsy;
- abscess;
- phlegmon.
- An important action is isolation of the sick from society because the infection would then spread. Being in crowded places, the infected will expose them to danger.
- It is required to observe a number of rules regarding the room where the patient is. This includes wet cleaning, compulsory airing (every 1.5 hours), temperature regime (20-22 °), it is good if the humidity inside the room is 60-70%.
- Drink plenty of fluids, it should only be warm. In fact, this is any drink: tea, decoctions, compote, just warm water, etc.
- Taking a shock dose of vitamin C. In the first days of ARVI, you need to take ascorbic acid up to 1000 milligrams per day.
- Warming up the legs and arms using hot baths. The warming up procedure can be carried out if the patient does not have a temperature.
- Gargling... Gargle your throat to keep the infection from spreading. Gargling can help relieve coughs. Soda-salt solution, decoctions of chamomile, calendula, sage are suitable for gargling.
- Flush the nose regularly with saline solutions... The cheapest option is saline, you can use modern drugs Dolphin, or - their effectiveness in comparison with ordinary saline is absolutely identical.
- Inhalation. This procedure is aimed at relieving coughing. From folk remedies, for inhalation, you can use steam from potatoes "in their uniforms", as well as decoctions of chamomile, calendula, mint and other medicinal herbs. From modern means, a nibulizer can be used for inhalation.
In the acute stage of the disease, a person's temperature rises, a serious condition, apathy, loss of appetite, pain in joints, muscles, etc. As soon as the virus begins to "pass", the temperature balance is normalized - perspiration occurs, the pallor of the skin turns into a blush, the patient wants to eat, pulls for sweets.
Nutrition
Food during ARVI treatment should be light, quickly digestible. It is important to maintain a balance of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. For a speedy recovery, it is worth limiting the amount of fat consumed. But you don't need to give up easily digestible carbohydrates. They will replenish energy reserves.
Depending on the stage of recovery, the nutrition of a patient with ARVI can be structured as follows:
- On the first day of illness - baked apples, low-fat yogurt, fermented baked milk.
- On the second or third days - boiled meat or fish, porridge with milk, dairy products.
- On the days of complications of the disease - boiled or stewed vegetables, low-fat dairy products.
Folk remedies for ARVI
You can treat ARVI using the following folk remedies:
- Brew in a glass of boiling water for 1 s.l. ginger powder, ground cinnamon, add ground black pepper on the tip of a knife. Insist covered for 5 minutes, add 1 tsp. honey. Take a glass every 3-4 hours.
- Modern healers recommend treating colds with a special mixture of juices. You will need: juice from 2 lemons, 1 crushed garlic clove, 5 mm fresh ginger root, 1 apple with peel, 1 pear with peel, 300 gr. water, 1 tablespoon of honey. If the juice is intended for adults, you can add a 2 cm slice of radish to it. Drink the mixture 2 times a day until you are completely recovered.
- Inhalation can be done over a container of hot water. To increase efficiency, add a chive, extract of needles, fir oil, eucalyptus to the liquid. Nasal drops are also made on the basis of these oils.
- To disinfect the air in the room, it is worth putting a container with onions or garlic in the room. They are rich in beneficial phytoncides that kill viruses.
- Loss of smell is one of the most unpleasant symptoms of a cold (especially for an aromatherapist!) Chervil, geranium and basil oils can help your trouble. Use them while taking baths and during inhalation.
Prophylaxis
Preventive methods of ARVI include:
- limiting contact with a sick person;
- using a protective gauze mask;
- humidification of the air to avoid drying out of the mucous membranes;
- quartzing of premises;
- ventilation of premises;
- good food;
- playing sports;
- the use of vitamins and fortifying drugs in the off-season;
- personal hygiene.
You will get the maximum result if you carry out the complex treatment of ARVI, take all the medications prescribed by your doctor and remember about bed rest.
This is all about ARVI in adults: what are the main symptoms, treatment features, is it possible to treat at home. Do not be ill!
First you need to eliminate the febrile symptoms. This can be done both with the help of medications, and by resorting to traditional medicine. Among the safest antipyretic drugs, paracetamol is, of course, in the lead. But it must be taken in cases where the fever is manifested by a temperature exceeding the 38-degree mark.
Rubbing the patient's body with a warm water-vinegar solution (1: 1) or a mixture of vodka and water (1: 1) is very effective in eliminating the signs of a cold. It is recommended to rub the places of the elbow and knee bends, groin and armpits, feet with similar compounds.
Among the popular helpers against infections, tea with sea buckthorn, raspberries or calendula can be distinguished. These are kind of natural aspirins.
Further treatment of ARVI should be aimed at eliminating inflammatory processes. Interferon drugs like Amizon, Arbidol, Amiksin, etc. will help to cope with this. These drugs increase the body's immune forces, promoting the production of antibodies, but you should carefully consider the contraindications indicated in the instructions attached to them.
The safest anti-inflammatory agent that is effective against colds is honey. This beekeeping product is considered to be an excellent diaphoretic and antimicrobial agent. Specialists highlight honey from linden, with it they quickly eliminate the first manifestations and prevent further development of the infectious process. An equally strong remedy is mustard powder. It is recommended to put it in cotton socks and leave them overnight. Sometimes (in the absence of temperature and pathologies of the cardiovascular system) mustard is added to foot baths, due to which their warming effect is significantly prolonged.
Eliminate respiratory tract damage
Usually, with the onset of a cold, the sick person begins to worry about the characteristic sore throat. If this symptom is left unattended, complications such as coughing, and then bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. may arise. Therefore, a number of measures should be taken to eliminate perspiration. The simplest means are resorption of lozenges containing antiseptic additives (Efizol, etc.), gargling with furacilin or water-saline solution with the addition of soda and iodine. It is good to relieve perspiration with ARVI by rubbing the interscapular and thoracic region with menthol balsam or vodka, and a pepper plaster can be glued to the neck.
Since viruses usually enter the body through the nose, the onset of a cold is often accompanied by a congestion or runny nose. To get rid of such manifestations, it is recommended to instill vasoconstrictor drugs like Farmazolin or Naphthyzin into the nasal passages.
Among folk remedies, it is good to eliminate inflammation from the mucous membranes of the nose, the juice of aloe, beet, garlic or onion, which is recommended to be mixed with linden honey to enhance the effect.
No less effective rinsing the nasal cavity with saline, Aquamaris or Marimer, saline or herbal solutions. On the bridge of the nose, you can apply a freshly boiled egg or bags of calcined salt. Such warming up will relieve inflammation from the nasal mucosa. You can grease the bridge of the nose with a warming ointment like "Asterisk".
Life-saving inhalations
Inhalation has a very good therapeutic effect, since it has an antiviral effect on the body when ARVI is just beginning to develop in the body. Inhalation procedures can be carried out with essential oils such as eucalyptus or mint, or with herbal preparations of sage, eucalyptus or chamomile. And grandfather's way of treating colds with boiled potatoes is probably known to everyone.
We help immunity
In order for the body to have the strength to resist colds, urgent measures must be taken to strengthen the immune defenses. For a start, it is recommended to drink lemon tea and take an ascorbic acid tablet. It is also useful to prepare a strong chicken broth, which also helps to strengthen the immune system and helps to eliminate the manifestations of infection.
Good day, dear readers!
Today we will consider with you such a disease as ARVI, as well as its symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention. In addition, we will analyze how ARVI differs from ARI and colds. So…
What is ARVI?
ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection)- a disease of the respiratory tract, the cause of which is the ingestion of a viral infection. Among the pathogens, the most common are viruses, parainfluenza, adenoviruses and rhinoviruses.
The affected area of ARVI includes - the nose, paranasal sinuses, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs. The conjunctiva (mucous membrane of the eye) is also under the "sight".
ARVI disease is one of the most common infectious diseases. Most of all, children attending kindergarten and school are ill with it - up to 10 times a year. This is due to the not yet formed immunity, close contact with each other, lack of knowledge and / or unwillingness to comply with preventive measures to avoid infection. Other groups at risk are students, teachers, office workers, health workers and others. However, adults usually suffer less from acute respiratory diseases of viral etiology, which is associated with the formed immune system, as well as its resistance to these diseases due to other past diseases. However, even if an adult is not susceptible to the development of this infection in the body, and he does not have obvious signs of the disease, he may simply be a carrier of the infection, infecting everyone around him.
Acute respiratory viral infection is seasonal. So, most cases of morbidity were noted in the period from September-October to March-April, which is associated with, as well as cool and humid weather.
How is ARVI spread?
SARS is transmitted mainly by airborne droplets (with, coughing, close conversation), however, infection is possible through direct contact with the pathogen (kissing, shaking hands and further contact of the hands with the oral cavity) or contact with objects of the carrier of the infection (dishes, clothes). When a person gets an infection, he immediately becomes a carrier. At the first signs of ARVI (general malaise, weakness, runny nose), the patient begins to infect everyone around him. As a rule, the first blow is taken by relatives, workers, people in transport. This is the reason for the recommendation - at the first signs of ARVI, the patient should stay at home, and healthy people, if the media report an outbreak of this disease, avoid staying in crowded places (public transport, holiday gatherings on the street, etc.).
Incubation period and development of ARVI
During a person's contact with an infection, the virus initially settles on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract (nose, nasopharynx, mouth), its potential victim. Further, the infection begins to secrete toxins, which are absorbed into the circulatory system and are carried by the blood throughout the body. When a patient's body temperature rises, this indicates that the infection has already entered the circulatory system and the body's protective functions have been activated, because the increased temperature actually destroys the virus and its derived toxins.
Warming up the nose. Well helps to relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa, improve blood circulation, discharge from the nasal sinuses of pathological secretions formed by infection.
Rinsing the nose. As you remember, dear readers, that the nasal cavity is practically the first location that is attacked by infection. That is why the nasal cavity must be flushed, which minimizes not only the further development of the disease, if it is just beginning to manifest itself, but is also an excellent preventive method, if there are no signs at all. In addition, it is from the nasal cavity that the infection actively spreads into the body, therefore, with ARVI, it must be rinsed daily.
Mild saline solutions, as well as special pharmaceutical sprays, are well suited as a "wash" for the nose.
Gargling. The throat, like the nasal cavity, must be rinsed for the same reason, because it is the first barrier between infection and the body, therefore this "checkpoint" must be constantly rinsed. Gargling can also help relieve coughs from dry to wet. This procedure will limit the possibility of exacerbation of the disease due to irritated mucous membranes from coughing.
Soda-salt solution, as well as decoctions of chamomile, calendula, and sage, are excellent for rinsing the mouth and throat.
Inhalation. This procedure is practically aimed at the same thing as gargling - to relieve coughing. From folk remedies, for inhalation, you can use steam from potatoes "in uniform", as well as decoctions from, and other medicinal herbs. From modern means, to facilitate inhalation, you can purchase a nebulizer.
Diet for ARVI. With ARVI, it is advisable to eat easily digestible food, enriched with microelements. Special emphasis should be placed on vitamin C. It is advisable to exclude fatty, spicy and fried foods, smoked meats.
Symptomatic treatment. It is aimed at suppressing certain symptoms to alleviate the course of the disease.
Medicines for ARVI
Antiviral drugs. Antiviral therapy is aimed at stopping the vital activity of a viral infection and spreading its toxins throughout the body. In addition, antiviral drugs speed up the healing process.
Among the antiviral drugs for ARVI can be distinguished - "", "", "Remantadin", "Cycloferon".
Temperature with ARVI. The temperature with ARVI is not knocked down, because it is a defense mechanism against viral infection inside the body. Immunity raises the temperature, thereby "burning out" the infection, so it is very important not to interfere with it. An exception is cases when the body temperature lasts more than 5 days or exceeds 38 ° C in children, 39 ° C in adults.
To lower body temperature, antipyretic drugs and analgesics are used: "", "".
With a stuffy nose, to facilitate breathing, vasoconstrictor agents are used: "Naphthyzin", "Noxprey".
With a strong dry cough apply: "Codelac", "Sinekod". To remove sputum from the respiratory tract - syrup, "Tussin". For sputum dilution - "Ascoril", "ACC" (ACC).
With a headache appoint: "Askofen", "Aspirin".
For insomnia prescribe sedatives: "Barbamil", "Luminal".
Antibiotics for ARVI. It is not advisable to prescribe antibiotics for ARVI, since with proper maintenance therapy, the body itself copes well with the viral infection. Moreover, as a rule, the course of antibiotic treatment is much longer than the duration of the course of the disease.
Antibiotics are prescribed only if the symptoms of ARVI do not subside after 5 days of illness, as well as if a secondary infection has joined the ARVI or complications have appeared, for example, pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis,. Also, antibiotics can be prescribed if, after relief, the symptoms intensify again, which sometimes indicates that the body is infected with a bacterial infection. Antibiotics are prescribed only by a doctor based on a personal examination of the patient.
ARVI prevention includes the following recommendations:
- when announcing an epidemic in your area of residence, wear masks;
- do not allow;
- Eat predominantly healthy foods rich in vitamins and minerals, especially in autumn, winter and spring;
- try at the same time to eat natural antibiotics, such as - and onions;
- ventilate the living and working space more often;
- if there is an ARVI patient in the house, then allocate tableware (forks, spoons, dishes), bedding, towels to him for separate use, and also disinfect door handles and other items with which the patient comes into contact every day;
- observe;
- get vaccinated, but not with free drugs, but with expensive and proven vaccines;
- temper your body;
- try to move more;
- quit smoking;
- if during an epidemic you often visit places with a large crowd of people, when you come home, wash your nasal passages with a weak saline solution;
The main symptoms of a cold are sore throat, runny nose, watery eyes and pain in the eyes (at the onset of the disease), headache, cough, lethargy.
A cold, unlike the flu, develops gradually: at first it begins to sore throat, but the person is still not sure whether he is getting sick or not. Then a runny nose appears, a "sneeze" overcomes, after a couple of days there is a cough. The temperature may not rise, or it rises slightly - up to 37.5-38 degrees.
After a cold or cold on the legs, otitis media may occur - ear inflammation or sinusitis - inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. But in general, complications after colds in people with strong immune systems are rare.
Our reference
Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are viral diseases that affect the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract. People call them "colds". Scientists count over 200 respiratory viruses. The most common are parainfluenza, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses ... The infection is mainly transmitted by airborne droplets. The source of infection is a sick person. Penetrating into the upper respiratory tract, the virus invades the cells of the outer layer of the mucous membrane, causing their destruction and desquamation. The desquamated cells containing the virus are rejected and when breathing, talking, coughing, sneezing with drops of saliva, nasal mucus or phlegm enter the air, infecting those who breathe this air. There is no vaccination against ARVI. The development of such a vaccine has not been possible due to the large number of respiratory viruses that are constantly changing.by the way
In a closed room, ARVI viruses spread around a sick person by 7 m. From 2 to 9 hours they live in the air of the room where the patient was. Viruses are resistant to freezing, but quickly die when heated, under the influence of various disinfectants and ultraviolet rays.
The highest concentration of viruses in the air around the patient is in the first two days of illness.
Different viruses cause different symptoms.
For example, parainfluenza distorts the voice, the patient may become hoarse or hoarse, the voice may disappear altogether. Parainfluenza is also characterized by a "barking" cough caused by inflammation of the larynx and trachea. In this case, there may be no temperature. It is this disease that is more often than others complicated by sinusitis.
Rhinovirus infection causes persistent sneezing, dryness in the nasopharynx, and a sore throat. It hurts to swallow, an unpleasant taste in the mouth. A little later, transparent mucus will flow from the nose in three streams. The temperature usually does not rise above 37 degrees.
Adenovirus infection leads to enlargement of the palatine tonsils, with this "cold" swallowing is difficult. After 2-3 days, a feeling of pain in the eyes appears. After another couple of days, white or grayish films appear on the tonsils, in the throat, under the eyelids in the corners of the eyes. Lymph nodes may enlarge, stomach ache.
Respiratory syncytial infection "occupies" the bronchi and bronchioles. Signs - asthmatic attacks with shortness of breath, difficulty breathing out, wheezing in the lungs.Patient reminder
Cold treatment
Taking antiviral drugs(if the symptoms of a cold are severe). Most antivirals and immunostimulants are available over the counter without a prescription.
Symptomatic treatment- pain relievers and antipyretic drugs, vasoconstrictor drops and sprays that relieve a runny nose, potions and cough decoctions. Also useful:
- Dry heat. A woolen T-shirt, a scarf for a sore throat, woolen socks - our body needs maximum comfort during an illness.
- Gargling for sore throat - tinctures and decoctions of sage, chamomile, calendula, saline solution with the addition of soda.
- Inhalation for coughing. Steamed potatoes cooked in their skins. Steam diluted in boiling water tablets of validol. Steam decoctions of chamomile, mint, calendula and other medicinal herbs. Warming up the nose with a cold with hot, hard-boiled eggs, bags of heated salt.
- Rinsing the nose with a runny nose with a weak saline solution.
Drinking plenty of fluids... The virus is afraid of alkali, so alkaline mineral water is useful. Lean on fruit drinks and juices: lingonberry, cranberry, orange - they contain a large amount of vitamin C, which strengthens the immune system. Warm tea with raspberries, honey and lemon relieves the condition. During the period of illness, you need to drink 3-4 liters of liquid per day.
Home mode. From the first days of the disease, you must take a sick leave - this way you will avoid complications and not infect others.
Folk remedies
Folk remedies for the treatment of flu and colds do not kill viruses, but make the course of the disease easier. In the treatment of colds, the following medicinal herbs are used:
1. Bactericidal - chamomile, calamus root, pine and spruce needles, sage.
2. Diuretics - lingonberry leaf, nettle, strawberry leaf, carrot tops.
3. Diaphoretic - lime blossom, raspberries, ginger with honey.
4. Immunostimulating - strawberries, calendula, wild rose, plantain.
5. Vitamin - rose hips, nettles, mountain ash.
Here are some recipes for cold remedies.:
- Brew in a thermos 1 tbsp. a spoonful of dried parsley in half with celery or dill 0.5 liters of boiling water. Insist overnight, strain. Drink the resulting broth throughout the day in small portions at intervals of 2-3 hours.
- When the voice disappears with a cold, a decoction of lungwort helps well: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of flowers in a glass of boiling water, leave for 1 hour, strain, take in small sips during the day.
On a note
The Chinese advise, at the first sign of a cold, to massage the gums with the tongue: 16 circles on the inner and the same amount on the outer surface.
Important
Colds are inevitable in children. During childhood, an urban child gets sick with ARVI about 40 times, gets sick 5-7 times a year. He should be familiar with all common respiratory infections.
But this does not mean that the child does not need to be treated for a cold. Each case of ARVI disease must be treated to the end before the child is released to school or kindergarten.
When there is a patient in the house, the rest of the family must follow safety measures:
- family members should wear masks;
- ventilate the apartment more often;
- wipe the door handles with disinfectant solutions several times a day;
- provide the patient with separate dishes and separate towels;
- rinse your mouth with calendula or eucalyptus tincture before going to bed to wash away harmful microbes accumulated during the day;
- take antiviral drugs in prophylactic doses.
Figures and facts
The cold season in Russia lasts about six months. During this time, an adult Russian suffers from ARVI on average 2-3 times.
People who drink only 3 glasses of water per day, instead of the recommended eight, have the body's resistance to infections 5 times (!) Less than those who observe a normal drinking regime, British physiologists have proved.
The mucous membrane of the nasopharynx is the first obstacle to colds viruses. It must be moist to function properly. And for this, the body needs at least 2 liters of water per day.
Singing strengthens the immune system, according to German scientists in Frankfurt. They examined people who constantly sing in the choir. A blood test of the choristers before the rehearsal, during which Mozart's “Requiem” was performed, and an hour after its completion, showed that the concentration of immunoglobulin A and hydrocortisone increased significantly during the chant.
The number of white blood cells, which are responsible for fighting bacteria and viruses, increases significantly after wrestling, scientists at the University of California have found. The measurements were carried out in boys aged 14-18 after an hour and a half of training.
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Remember, self-medication is life-threatening, consult your doctor for advice on the use of any medications.
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