General anesthesia consequences. How does general and local anesthesia affect the human body (on individual organs) Is general anesthesia dangerous?

In our country, quite a few people were faced with the fact that they needed anesthesia. General anesthesia is used today for many surgical procedures. However, it is difficult to say how this or that pain reliever will affect the human body. The tolerance of anesthesia is influenced by many factors at once. These include gender, age, drug or alcohol addiction, general health, and various pathologies. The main problem is that the effect of anesthesia on the human body may appear already some time after the operation. In this article, we will look at what general anesthesia is and what the consequences of its use can be.

basic information

General anesthesia is a type of pain relief in which a person is artificially brought into unconsciousness. It is usually used to block pain during various medical procedures and surgical interventions. To achieve a loss of pain, it is necessary to take special medications, selected in a certain dosage. Such drugs contribute to the immersion of the cortical centers of the brain in a narcotic sleep. Medicines can enter the human body in various ways: by inhalation or in the form of parenteral administration.

Stages

Let's take a closer look at them. How does anesthesia work on the human body? Exposure to anesthetics occurs in several stages:

Analgesia: At this stage, loss of sensation and gradual loss of consciousness occurs.
Stage of arousal: it is caused by some means. This stage is characterized by short-term excitability of the brain centers.
Surgical stage: loss of all types of sensitivity and excitability.
Awakening: Painful syndromes, movement abilities and consciousness gradually return.

Many are interested in whether anesthesia is harmful to the human body. All types of anesthesia are capable of provoking some changes in a person's condition. As a rule, this is determined by the properties of the selected drug and the individual characteristics of the organism.

Types of anesthesia

Let's dwell on this in more detail. The consequences of general anesthesia on the human body depend on its type. A single use usually does not pose a particular threat to humans. To put the patient into a state of sleep, various drugs containing analgesics, antipsychotics, anesthetics can be used. There are several types of general anesthesia.

Allocate:

Inhalation method: the drug enters the bloodstream through the lungs by inhaling the funds in a gaseous state. Typically, this form of anesthesia is used in dental clinics.
Non-inhalation method: drugs are administered intravenously or intramuscularly. This technique is used less often than the first.

This method of drug administration can be roughly divided into:

The introduction of drugs into the venous blood. Usually drugs such as "Thiopental", "Ketamine", "Recofol" are used. They lead to slight muscle relaxation and deep sleep while maintaining breathing capacity.
Neuroleptanalgesia. It is a superficial method of pain relief. Causes lethargy and drowsiness. Usually carried out with the help of "Fentanyl" and "Droperidol".
Ataralgesia. Soreness loss is achieved by taking tranquilizers such as Fentanyl and Diazepam.
Combined methods. When using this option, substances of different pharmacological groups gradually enter the body: these are antipsychotics, and analgesics, and anesthetics. Means for inhalation are administered together with such relaxants as "Arduan" and "Ditilin". These substances are responsible for blocking neuromuscular impulses. The result is a complete loss of breathing ability. This condition can be very dangerous. Typically, this type of pain relief is used in conjunction with mechanical ventilation and tracheal intubation.

What is the danger?

This issue should be given special attention. How does general anesthesia affect the human body? Pain relief works well in 99% of cases. However, complications are possible in 1%. It is for this reason that during surgical operations, the anesthesiologist must monitor the patient's condition. In this case, the doctor, suspecting that something is wrong, will be able to urgently provide assistance.

Many patients ask quite natural questions about how anesthesia works on the human body and whether it is possible to die from it. Of course, there have been cases of fatal reactions in medical practice. However, the development of modern technology has significantly reduced the likelihood of death.

Medical centers today use various techniques that help minimize the negative impact of general anesthesia on the human body. Nevertheless, even such methods do not allow to completely exclude the occurrence of dangerous consequences of anesthesia, leading to a significant deterioration in the general condition.

Possible complications

So what should you expect? As a rule, after undergoing surgery, when you recover from general anesthesia, symptoms such as:

mild convulsions;
nausea;
sore throat;
headache;
disorientation in space;
itching sensation;
back and lower back pain;
clouding of consciousness;
muscle aches.

This effect of anesthesia on the human body usually lasts a short time. Within the first 24 hours after surgery, all symptoms disappear.

Effects

Is it possible to have a longer effect of anesthesia on the human body? The consequences can remain even after quite a long time after the surgical procedures.

For example, patients sometimes have:

Panic attacks: These are usually uncontrollable attacks of anxiety that can disrupt the normal rhythm of life.
Disturbances in memory work: cases of short-term amnesia are often observed. Sometimes children after surgery cannot remember the elementary rules that they passed at school.
Disturbances in the work of the heart muscle, tachycardia, increased heart rate.
High blood pressure.
Disorders in the functioning of the liver and kidneys.

How does anesthesia work on the human body? Even half a century ago, in 70% of cases of general anesthesia, negative consequences were observed. Today, only one operation out of 3-4 thousand ends with a lethal outcome.

How does anesthesia affect the general condition?

What do you need to know about this? Before performing a surgical operation, a specialist must choose the method of anesthesia. It takes into account many factors, including the individual characteristics of a person. for the human body? Most often, after recovering from this state, adults are faced with such negative manifestations as sleep, hearing, speech, headache, memory impairment and hallucinations. As a rule, after a certain period of time, all these violations disappear.

Serious complications

The human body after anesthesia can recover in different ways. Someone easily tolerates anesthesia, while others take a long time to recover.

Complications after anesthesia include:

asthma attacks;
swelling of the respiratory system;
vomit;
inflammatory processes;
swelling of the brain;
violation of cerebral circulation;
asthenia;
renal failure.

It is impossible to say unequivocally how anesthesia will affect the body. Everything here largely depends on the type of pain relief, the method of its application and the duration of use. You should also take into account such a feature as individual sensitivity to medications.

Effects on the brain

How does it manifest itself? Anesthesia during surgery has a negative effect on the brain. Most patients report mental impairment, decreased concentration and memory impairment. These complications can be gradual and temporary.

Asthenic syndrome is one of the most common consequences of anesthesia. It can be accompanied by significant changes in the functioning of the central nervous system. First, there are symptoms such as sleep disturbance, insomnia, depressive conditions, mood swings, frequent fatigue, and decreased performance. Secondary signs are absent-mindedness, difficulty remembering, and loss of learning ability. These manifestations usually gradually disappear 3 months after surgery.

Causes of complications

So, what could cause them to appear? How does the human body react after anesthesia? What causes complications? It is believed that the reasons may lie in the fact that drugs lower blood pressure. Anesthetics can even cause a microstroke. As a rule, this proceeds completely unnoticed by a person. In addition, if after the operation the patient refused to take antispasmodics, he may develop an inflammatory process. In childhood and old age, the occurrence of asthenic syndrome is more likely. Chronic illness, prolonged use of pain medications, and severe postoperative trauma can also contribute to these complications.

How does anesthesia affect the heart?

What can you expect? The effect of anesthesia on the body of a person suffering from diseases of the cardiovascular system is difficult to predict. Therefore, before using general anesthesia, it is imperative to undergo a complete examination. Only according to its results, the specialist will be able to assess the general state of health of the patient and recommend the type of anesthesia. Methods and means of administration of the drug can affect the heart. Some cores tolerate anesthesia well, while others experience various unpleasant symptoms. These include: a feeling of tightness in the chest, painful and stabbing sensations, rapid pulse, fever.

Anesthesia affects the cardiac conduction system, which can cause arrhythmias. Such phenomena, fortunately, do not last long. In some cases, the pathology persists.

Effect on the female body

What can happen? Doctors do not recommend using anesthesia during pregnancy. are toxic and can negatively affect the health of the baby. Anesthetics are not allowed to be used in the 1st or 2nd trimester. It is at this time that the internal organs are laid in the fetus. Anesthesia can slow down their development, which in the future can provoke various internal and external abnormalities. Anesthesia is also not recommended in the middle of the 3rd trimester. This can lead to bleeding, miscarriage, or premature birth.

When performing a caesarean section, general anesthesia is used.

It can have the following consequences:

headache;
dizziness;
nausea;
muscle spasms;
decreased concentration;
clouding of consciousness;
convulsive syndromes.

The effect of anesthesia on the child's body

Kids, as a rule, tolerate anesthesia without any problems and quickly forget its consequences. This is one of the features of child psychology. The reaction to pain relievers is strictly individual. Any intervention can negatively affect the development and growth of the child. Most often in children, when using general anesthesia, there are complications such as allergic reactions and disturbances in the work of the heart muscle. Anesthesia can also disrupt the functioning of the central nervous system and affect the rate of development. Possible consequences of anesthesia in childhood are anaphylaxis, Quincke's edema and coma. However, these symptoms are extremely rare.

Conclusion

In this article, we examined how anesthesia works on the human body. The consequences of anesthesia are largely determined by individual characteristics. Often, after anesthesia, a person feels nausea, headache, dizziness and disorientation. This is quite normal, after a while all symptoms will go away.

Any surgical intervention cannot be imagined without the use of anesthesia. allow you to carry out any operation, but it is impossible to predict how drugs for anesthesia will affect the body. The danger is that negative consequences may appear some time after the use of anesthesia.

What is general anesthesia

General anesthesia is anesthesia and the introduction of a patient into an unconscious position, followed by removal from it. It is used to block impulses from pain receptors during any surgical procedure.

It is possible to achieve a complete shutdown of the patient's consciousness by using special means for anesthesia, selected at a certain dosage.

History of the use of anesthesia

The first to apply pain relief was Avicenna. He had an interesting way, he cooled the limbs until the sensitivity was lost. Ambroise Paré caused loss of sensitivity by pinching the nerves and blood vessels. In ancient Egypt, they used special sleep tubes soaked in herbs with a narcotic effect.

Real anesthesia began to be used only at the end of the 19th century. The first drug was Cocaine Hydrochloride, but given its high toxicity and high number of deaths, it was quickly abandoned.

During the war years, even ethyl alcohol was used to bring a person to extreme intoxication, when the sensitivity was dulled as much as possible.

Anesthetic requirements

The drugs that are used in surgical practice for anesthesia must meet certain requirements:

The purpose of using anesthesia

Before figuring out what the danger of anesthesia is, it is important to understand what goals are pursued by the use of drugs to immerse a person into sleep, and they are as follows:

Carry out a high-quality surgical intervention and in full.
Avoid discomfort and stress for the patient's body during surgical procedures.
Maximum control of the patient's condition during treatment and after the end of therapy.
Eliminate the risk of developing mental disorders.

Effects on the body

After administration, the anesthetic affects the body in several stages:

Gradual loss of sensitivity and loss of consciousness.
The stage of arousal, but it is not characteristic of all drugs.
Complete shutdown of consciousness and loss of all types of sensitivity.
Awakening with the return of pain syndromes and consciousness.

You can also distinguish the stages of anesthesia:

Superficial anesthesia.
Light.
Deep.
Superdeep.
Agonal stage.

Varieties of anesthesia

To answer the question, what is the danger of anesthesia, it is necessary to understand its types. Depending on the route of penetration of the anesthetic into the human body, there are:

Comparison of epidural and spinal anesthesia

There is a difference between these two types of anesthesia and it is necessary to know it. If spinal anesthesia is used, then the agent is injected with the spinal cord and the arachnoid; for epidural anesthesia, the anesthetic is injected over the dura mater.

Some more differences can be named:

What type of anesthesia to choose in each specific case, the doctor decides, taking into account the severity and volume of the forthcoming surgery.

The danger of anesthesia

The use of modern means can guarantee pain relief in 100% of cases. During a surgical operation, an anesthesiologist is nearby and monitors the patient's condition on the monitors of medical devices.

Many patients ask doctors the question, what is the danger of anesthesia and whether it is possible to die from it? It is impossible to predict the body's response to the drug, so before the operation, the anesthesiologist talks to each patient. Modern technologies have significantly reduced the risk of death, but complications of general anesthesia cannot be completely prevented.

After anesthesia, how much is removed from anesthesia depends on the type of drug used, most often patients complain about:

Nausea.
Unpleasant and sore throat.
Convulsive syndrome.
Loss of orientation.
Headache.
Lumbar pain after spinal anesthesia.
Muscle aches.
Ambiguity of consciousness.

Such symptoms, as a rule, disappear a day after the operation, but some complications of anesthesia that accompany a person for a long time can be distinguished:

Fear attacks.
Memory problems.
Abnormal heart rhythm.
Increased heart rate.
Increased blood pressure.
Disorders in the liver and kidneys.

With an increase in the level of development of medicine, the mortality rate after using anesthesia decreased to 1%.

How does anesthesia affect the body

For each patient, the type of anesthesia is selected individually, but how the anesthesia affects the human body depends on its individual characteristics. In adult patients, the consequences can be as follows:

Sleep disturbance.
Speech problems.
Migraine.
Hallucinations.
Cerebral circulation disorder.
Development of renal failure.
Cerebral edema.
Suffocation.
Rapid fatigue.
Decreased performance.
Decreased concentration of attention.
Development of asthenic syndrome.

The severity of complications of anesthesia depends not only on the characteristics of the organism, but also on the presence of concomitant diseases, the type of anesthesia and the drug used for this.

Varieties of anesthesia in pediatric practice

There are situations when it is simply impossible to do without the use of anesthesia during medical procedures on a child's body. If drugs have a negative effect on an adult, then what can be said about a child in whom all systems are being formed.

In children's practice they use:

Inhalation anesthesia.
Intravenous or intramuscular. It is rarely used, since the doctor does not have the ability to control the duration of the action of anesthesia. It has been proven that the drug "Ketamine", which is most often used for these purposes, is unsafe for a child.

Most often, apparatus-mask anesthesia is practiced. If the operation is to be prolonged, then inhalation anesthesia is combined with intravenous anesthesia. The following groups of drugs are used:

Analgesics, but not narcotic.
Muscle relaxants.
Sleeping pills.
Infusion solutions.

Before choosing the type of anesthesia for a child, the doctor must necessarily talk with the parents and find out:

There are no absolute prohibitions on the use of anesthesia, but there are relative contraindications for anesthesia in children:

The presence of a chronic disease in the exacerbation stage, which can negatively affect the state of the body.
Structural abnormalities, such as hypertrophy of the thymus gland.
Diseases that provoke breathing difficulties.
Inhalation anesthesia is contraindicated if there is a curvature of the nasal septum, overgrown adenoids, chronic rhinitis.
Allergy to drugs for anesthesia.
After an infectious disease, it is necessary to postpone the operation until the body is fully restored.

After anesthesia, the child should be monitored with special care so as not to miss the development of complications.

The main groups of drugs used for anesthesia

Among the inhaled drugs during surgery, the following are used:

"Sevoran".
"Propofol", the instruction will be discussed further.
"Ftorotan".
"Nitrous oxide".
"Ether".

These funds have the following effect:

Skeletal muscles relax.
Pain sensitivity disappears.
Loss of consciousness for a while.
Loss of reflexes.

Among intravenous drugs in medical practice, they are used:

"Thiopental sodium ". The instructions for use contain detailed information.
"Hexenal".
Seduxen.
"Ketamine".
Fentanyl.

Intravenous administration of the drug causes a quick action, one dose allows you to turn off a person for 20 minutes.

In a medical institution, all drugs for anesthesia are subject to strict accountability and are stored in a special room in a safe. A log of their consumption must be kept.

Consider the characteristics of the most commonly used tools.

"Ether"

The use of "Ether" is quite widespread, because the drug has many advantages:

It has a strong effect.
Relatively safe.
No special equipment is required for use, a preparation and a gauze napkin are enough.

It should be noted the disadvantages of the tool:

Falling into sleep comes slowly.
After inhalation of "Ether", there is an increased physical activity in the first 15-20 minutes.
The patient slowly comes out of anesthesia.

Has "Ether" for anesthesia side effects:

Vapors of the drug irritate the mucous membranes, which leads to coughing and vomiting.
Pneumonia often develops after surgery.

"Nitric oxide"

The drug also belongs to gaseous agents. Medical "Nitrous oxide" has minimal toxicity and practically does not provoke side effects. But among the disadvantages, it should be noted a small activity, therefore, the drug is combined with other means.

"Thiopental sodium"

The drug is a powder with a subtle sulfur odor. After intravenous administration, it begins to act in a minute. The effect lasts for 20-30 minutes. Given the route of administration, the doctor has no way of influencing the nature of the effect of the drug.

The tool has its drawbacks:

Small breadth of therapeutic effect.
Considered a weak analgesic.
The drug inhibits breathing.
Weakly relaxes the muscles.
Laryngospasm is possible.
Muscles may twitch after the injection.

"Thiopental sodium" instructions for use recommend to enter slowly, as it is possible to suppress the respiratory and vasomotor centers, as well as to stop breathing.

"Propofol"

This drug belongs to short-term drugs, the duration of such anesthesia is only 15 minutes. The instruction refers to the advantages of "Propofol":

Fast onset of the effect.
The patient quickly comes out of anesthesia.

But we must also take into account the disadvantages of the tool:

The drug has a low analgesic activity, therefore it is often combined with other drugs.
Lowering blood pressure is possible.
There is a risk of temporary respiratory arrest.
After recovering from anesthesia, the patient experiences nausea, headache, and may be vomiting.
Thrombosis or phlebitis may develop.

You can not use the remedy for heart failure, serious pathologies of the liver and kidneys.

"Sevoran"

The drug is a colorless, odorless liquid. In anesthetic practice, the agent is most often used for induction of anesthesia, as well as during surgical interventions that do not require much time.

"Sevoran" is widely used in pediatric anesthesiology due to its many advantages:

Does not irritate the respiratory tract.
Does not affect hemodynamics.
It dissolves poorly in the blood, therefore it is excreted from the body almost unchanged.
The patient quickly falls asleep and also quickly gets out of it, as soon as the drug is stopped.
You can adjust the flow and save money.
The anesthesiologist can control the depth of anesthesia.
The patient easily comes out of anesthesia with minimal negative manifestations.

Anesthesia with "Sevoran" does not always cause consequences, but among them it is possible:

Increased sleepiness.
Apathy for everything.
Dizziness.
Increased arousal when coming out of anesthesia.
A sharp drop in blood pressure.
Depression of the respiratory center.
Nausea and vomiting.
Itching of the skin.

The manifestation of negative consequences after anesthesia is impossible to predict. It all depends not only on the skill of the anesthesiologist and the type of anesthesia and drug used, but also on the characteristics of the organism, concomitant chronic pathologies. Therefore, it is impossible to unequivocally answer what is the danger of anesthesia with the use of a particular drug.

Each organism is individual, so the process of getting out of anesthesia is different for everyone. The following facts influence the duration of this period:

The general health of the patient.
Depth of anesthesia.
The complexity of surgery.

If the operation was not difficult, the doctor is highly qualified, then recovery from anesthesia takes about 6 hours. With a surgical intervention that lasted more than 3 hours, adaptation after anesthesia can take about three days.

Contraindications to anesthesia

You cannot use general anesthesia if patients have the following conditions and pathologies:

Serious heart disease.
Infectious pathologies in the acute stage.
Bronchial asthma.
Vital functions are depressed.
There is an allergy to anesthetics.
The patient is taking drugs.
There is a mental disorder.
Immediately after vaccination.
There are abnormalities in the hormonal system.

Many patients may have such pathologies, so the choice of anesthesia is made on an individual basis.

To make it as easy as possible to transfer anesthesia and get out of it without serious consequences, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

It is possible to obtain accurate and comprehensive information about the effect of anesthesia on the body and the rules for getting out of it only from a narrow specialist who will give recommendations taking into account the individual characteristics of the body.
Before an operation using anesthesia, it is better to switch to a meal with light meals a couple of days before.
After recovering from anesthesia, drink plenty of fluids for the fastest elimination of the drug.
A month before the operation, stop taking alcoholic beverages and smoking.
Stop therapy with drugs that relieve muscle spasm.
After anesthesia, if tremors appear in the limbs, you can cover yourself with a warm blanket or blanket.
To eliminate headaches, use analgesics.

Modern drugs for anesthesia make it possible to carry out the most large-scale operations on the internal organs of a person. High qualification of the doctor and careful selection of the type of anesthesia and means will allow the patient to quickly get out of this state with minimal consequences.

Absolutely everyone knows that anesthesia (anesthesia) has its consequences, has an effect on the body, far from positive, but under certain circumstances it is impossible to do without it.

But does the effect of anesthesia always negatively affect health. Either something certain is dangerous, for example, an incorrectly calculated and injected amount of a substance is not entirely clear.

In order to understand this, you need to understand what anesthesia is.

What it is?

According to the definition, anesthesia is a decrease in the sensitivity of the human body as a whole or of an individual part of it to external influences, up to a complete loss of control and awareness of what is happening. And in a simple way, this is the loss of the ability to feel pain for a while, as well as to be aware of the surrounding reality.

The name itself comes from the Greek word "ἀναισθησία", which literally means "without feelings."

What is anesthesia?

There are a large number of methods for the classification of anesthetic processes in the world, most of which are understandable only to a narrow circle of specialists.

The most widely accepted, "simplified" classification, divides anesthesia into the following groups:

Local.
General.
Inhalation

Local anesthesia

The main types of local anesthesia include:

Application is a superficial anesthesia applied to a specific area of the skin or mucous membrane from above, while the drug used penetrates the tissue, "dulls" the nerve endings, leading to an almost complete loss of sensitivity - it is used quite widely, for example, in dental treatment and in urology.
Infiltration - with this type of anesthesia, an injection is made, leading to a complete blockade of nervous activity in a separate part of the body, respectively, to a loss of sensitivity in it.
Conductive - in this case, the anesthetic is injected into the paraneural region, which entails blocking the transmission of impulses along the fiber of the trunk of a large nerve; this type of anesthesia is used by anesthesiologists for surgical interventions on the thyroid gland, and for anesthesia during gynecological surgical procedures.
Spinal or spinal - with this method of anesthesia, the drug is injected into the cerebrospinal fluid, inside the spinal column and the blocking of sensitivity occurs at the level of the roots of the nerve branches, this type of anesthesia is used for some types of operations on the legs and spine.
Epidural - the drug is also injected into the spinal column, but with the help of a catheter and into the epidural zone, anesthesia occurs by blocking the transmission of impulses by the spinal cord, it is often used as an adjunct to general anesthesia and, if necessary, in obstetric practice.

General

In general, the effect of the general type of pain relief on a person is as follows:

Complete reversible inhibition of all activity of the central nervous system.
Loss of memory and awareness of what is happening.
Complete "numbness" of the body.
Relaxation of all muscle fibers in the body.

The general form of pain relief can be:

Mononarcotic - only one drug is used.
Mixed - two or more related products are used.
Combined - doctors use several types of drugs from different groups at the same time.

Inhalation

By the way in which the effect on the body is carried out, this anesthesia can be:

Masked.
Endotracheal.
Endobronchial.

It is often used both as an independent form of anesthesia and as a supplement to general anesthesia.

What medications are used?

Some drugs used by anesthesiologists can be produced in different forms and used for different analgesic effects on the body.

For local anesthesia

When using anesthesia that has only a local, superficial effect, doctors usually use:

lidocaine;
kamistad;
tetracaine;
proxymetacaine;
inocaine;
xylocaine.

The drugs are used in the form of:

Aerosols.
Ointment.
Gels.
Sprays.

When choosing an infiltration method of exposure to the body, the following are used:

novocaine;
ultracaine;
lidocaine.

When performing both conduction and spinal anesthesia, the following drugs are selected:

Procaine.
Bupivacaine.
Tetracaine.
Lidocaine.

In order for a person to be under epidural anesthesia, they use:

ropivacaine;
bupivacaine;
lidocaine.

Of the general

For general intravenous anesthesia of the human body, anesthesiologists usually use:

Hexenal.
Ketamine.
Fentanyl.
Sodium oxybutyrate.
Droperidol.
Seduxen.
Relanium.
Propanidide.
Viadril.
Sodium thiopental.

This method has a very fast effect on the body, but it also stops its effect just as quickly, on average, any such drug keeps it unconscious for 20 to 30 minutes.

Inhalation

There are many drugs for this type of anesthesia, and even more mixtures of them, the compositions and ratios in which are at the discretion of the doctor.

Most often, doctors use the following drugs and their mixtures:

nitrous oxide;
chloroform;
xenon;
propofol;
fluorothane.

Possible consequences and complications after anesthesia

The most common complication of anesthesia is its overdose, which, unfortunately, is not always noticeable during medical procedures, but almost always leads to sad consequences that appear after surgical treatment, during the rehabilitation of the body.

The potential harm caused to health is in direct proportion to which method was administered anesthesia and which drug or their combinations were used.

After local anesthesia

Despite the fact that for local anesthesia, the dosage is almost always based on the doctor's question - whether it hurts or not, for example, when treating teeth, this method causes minimal harm to the body, compared to other methods of anesthesia.

The consequences of the application of superficial use of anesthetics are:

Edema.
Allergic reaction.
Light dizziness.
Feeling nauseous.

Similar symptoms can occur both as a result of exceeding the threshold of individual tolerance, and as a result of increased sensitivity to the drug used, allergy to it.

The same consequences can occur when using the infiltration method of anesthesia. Both of these methods are distinguished by a very gentle effect on the nervous tissue and on the body as a whole, therefore, the range of application of these particular methods to relieve pain during any procedure is very wide - from cosmetology to not particularly complex small operations, for example, removing warts.

With conduction and spinal local anesthesia, everything is quite difficult and dangerous. Among the possible consequences of an incorrectly calculated dose or an incorrectly administered drug, the most common are the following:

transverse myelitis;
neuropathy;
partial or complete paralysis of a large nerve;
spinal meningitis;
spinal cord anterior horns syndrome;
convulsions.

If the patient is given an epidural type of anesthesia, the anesthesiologist's mistake can lead to complications such as:

Paralysis.
Epidural hematoma.
Attacks of spasmodic lower back pain.
Loss or decrease in sensitivity in general.

When conducting local anesthesia, this type of drug injection into the spine is the most risky and dangerous for a sick person.

Of the general

The harm after intravenous general anesthesia can appear long enough after the medical action. The most common problems that arise after using this type of pain relief include:

tooth decay;
a general drop in the activity of the central nervous system, a certain amoebicity in reactions and behavior;
leg cramps;
the appearance of interruptions in breathing, its stops and snoring during sleep;
cardiac disorders;
dullness, a sharp drop in intelligence and thinking abilities;
dying off of part of the brain cells.

The most severe consequences of using this type of anesthesia is when the patient does not wake up after surgery, falls into a coma, which can last an indefinite amount of time, or dies due to cardiac arrest.

Inhalation

Quite a lot of pathologies are related to the consequences of giving painkillers to the lungs, but the most common are:

The impossibility after the operation to return to independent mechanical breathing, due to various reasons - from the fact that the brain "forgot" how to do it, to the fact that the muscle tissue is numb and "frozen" and simply does not obey the weak after "forgetting" nerve signals.
Arrhythmia.
Tachycardia.
Bradycardia.
Partial muscle paralysis.
Acute spasmodic periodic pain in the heart.
Sudden stops in breathing, throat cramps, or cramps in the lungs.

The worst harm that a mistake can cause when using this type of anesthesia is cardiac arrest, both during and after surgery.

Video: anesthesia and its consequences.

What do the doctor's say?

Any anesthesiologist before an operative intervention necessarily has a very long and meticulous conversation with the patient, unfortunately, sick people often do not take this seriously, literally brushing off the doctor as if it were an annoying fly.

However, the doctor talks to the patient for a reason, the purpose of the conversation is to identify possible side effects or any intolerance to certain components used in anesthesia.

Therefore, the very first thing that doctors always talk about is that you need to be as attentive and extremely sincere in a conversation with an anesthesiologist, since in many ways it depends on this conversation whether the patient wakes up or not.

Also, when talking with a patient, anesthesiologists literally collect, like a puzzle, the entire history of life in order to find out whether any interventions were carried out under anesthesia before, what the person felt. If the patient cannot say that he was injected, then the doctor asks for the details of the disease in order to determine it on his own.

Therefore, the second thing that the doctor will advise is to remember in as much detail as possible all the details of what the anesthesiologist asks about, because not everything is reflected in the medical record. For example. Quite often, situations arise when a person has a tooth removed, and then he feels sick for several days.

This, as a rule, indicates an intolerance to lidocaine, but there is no such information in the patient's card. Or, in childhood, a person suffered an inflammation of the middle ear, and no one went to the doctors at the same time - this will also exclude the use of a number of drugs.

Therefore, the only thing that doctors advise, in addition to the fact that you should not wind yourself up before the upcoming operation and anesthesia, is to be extremely attentive and frank with the anesthesiologist, on whose actions half of the success of the operation depends. And his actions, in turn, depend on the information that he owns. This means that the more the doctor knows about the patient, the greater the negative consequences of anesthesia can be avoided.

An article for those who want to know detailed information about the dangers of anesthesia. Does local anesthesia or general anesthesia bring the greatest harm and danger to the human body?

Any intervention by surgeons today is performed using anesthesia. Such an achievement in the medical field of the last century is one of the great, thanks to it the level of medicine has risen.

Surgery has now become not torture, but a treatment, and mortality has noticeably decreased significantly. It is difficult to fully assess the importance and significance of anesthesia, but some patients still have considerable doubts about the safety of such an event. It is necessary to understand why anesthesia is dangerous. It turns out that a considerable number of anesthesiologists are of the opinion that anesthesia is rather dangerous. There are many risks, and, of course, sometimes lethal outcomes cannot be avoided.

The main and main causes of death from anesthesia, which specialists try to avoid if possible, include: heart failure, allergic reaction, respiratory failure, malignant hyperthermia and, finally, the human factor. An overdose of drugs intended for anesthesia, as well as other severe chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, may well become the cause of the cause of heart failure. It should be noted that chronic diseases are much less likely to be identified by causes of death than an excess of a drug during anesthesia.

Complications of a different nature can also be caused by an allergic reaction. Of course, it is possible to carry out an individual sensitivity test. But this can be done only in the process of local anesthesia. During general anesthesia, the test will not work, so you will have to subject the patient to general anesthesia, with the existing risks and difficulties for his body. Respiratory failure is often caused by difficulty in inserting an endotracheal tube or aspiration (throwing the internal contents of the stomach directly into the lungs).

Much less often, pulmonary insufficiency can cause obstructive bronchitis or bronchial asthma. It is very important to note that often a frequent cause of complications during anesthesia is the human factor, not quite correctly or not thoroughly prepared process of surgical intervention. With the presence of a competent qualified anesthesiologist, as well as the necessary equipment in the clinic, the risk of anesthesia is minimized.

Many people think that local anesthesia is less harmless and harmful than general anesthesia. However, local anesthesia looks harmless only at first glance. In fact, novocaine is combined with adrenaline in order to narrow the capillaries, which will further provide a long-lasting effect of anesthesia. Adrenaline, on the other hand, causes an increase in heart rate, which negatively affects those who have cardiac problems. Novocaine, as well as other drugs that are its analogues, can cause a rather serious allergy.

Local anesthesia can cause blood pressure to rise or unexpectedly cause vasospasm. Naturally, if everything is in order with the patient's heart and blood pressure, then local anesthesia does not threaten this person. If the patient has problems with blood pressure and heart, then local anesthesia is directly contraindicated for him. And therefore, any conscientious dentist, before applying local anesthesia, must necessarily ask the patient about his condition. And most likely, having heard complaints, for example, of hypertension or heart problems, he will advise you to do general anesthesia, rather than risk your health when using local anesthesia.

The development of anesthesiology has made a significant leap forward, and today general anesthesia is not so dangerous for the life of seriously ill people. However, it still remains a threat to human health, and, in particular, to the brain and to the safety of normal mental activity and functioning. It is noted that after undergoing general anesthesia, many patients experience a decrease in cognitive abilities. Memory lapses may appear, various behavioral changes can be noticed, and the acuity of thinking is sharply dulled. Such symptoms may well last for several months.

Absolutely all patients feel the consequences of general anesthesia. The operation is stressful for the one who has experienced it or is about to survive.

This is fine. The attitude of the patient, awareness of the need for such treatment for health is very important.

If necessary, you need to prepare your life for the postoperative period. Women to cook, tidy up the house. If your health does not allow, ask your relatives to clean up.

After the operation, you will not be able to do this job. I know how comfort, cleanliness, and the awareness that everything is under control is important for women. So strive to prepare for yourself a calm recovery after anesthesia before the operation, and not wind up your thoughts and fears.

I myself have gone through two operations, to be honest - the first time I was afraid, then no longer. She knew what to expect. Do not delay treatment - the older you are, the more serious the recovery.

There are, of course, the case that the patient fell asleep and did not wake up. Everything happens due to an overdose of anesthesia, severe bleeding, allergy to the drug. These are exceptional cases: they brought an unexamined patient with a serious injury.
Before the operation, there is no way to examine him - you need to save. During such interventions in the body, there are also surprises. For example - equipment failure.
We are not immune from them even when lying on the sofa - plaster will fall on our head. Statistical data of postoperative complications - from 1 to 2% of the total volume of operations.
Pulmonary edema is possible.
Spasm of the bronchi.
Possible acute form.

What to expect after general anesthesia, the consequences for a woman's body:

Anesthesia, in its essence, is similar to the state of a coma. During its action, we do not feel anything, although many tell colorful dreams after awakening.

There is a depression of the central nervous system during the use of anesthesia - we cease to feel reality, pain.

After the operation, if you have not woken up yourself, the doctor will start waking you up.

After anesthesia:

Disconnect from the artificial respiration apparatus (you will have a tube in your mouth).
They will remove her in the ward or they will do it right away.
From it, the throat can subsequently sore and sore. It will pass.
You will begin to breathe on your own.
You will not urinate yourself (catheter inserted).
You won't want to go to the toilet (done on the eve of an enema).
After heavy, serious operations or patients with many chronic ailments, the elderly will be taken under observation in the intensive care unit. Do not be afraid of this word.
They will not leave you there. The doctors here are always qualified, attentive, kind, but very tired. After all, it is not surprising, who can calmly look at the suffering of people?
You will not feel pain, pain relievers are injected.
They will warm you up (shaking after anesthesia), letting your pulse die, pressure, if you cannot sleep (stress after surgery), they will help you with this. I myself can advise with confidence - calm down, get well.
Try to move your arms yourself, gently pull your legs one by one at least a few centimeters up, moving along the bed.
Try to tense your neck muscles, move your head to the sides, tense your buttocks. The blood will not stagnate in this way - this is very important. Do everything slowly, carefully.
The doctor runs an infinite number of times between operations. They are very tired in the morning. Everything I've seen evokes an indescribable respect for the profession. A bit off topic - sorry.
On about the second day they will be transported to the ward.

General anesthesia consequences after resuscitation:

They will definitely give blood thinners. It is imperative to drink them, because you lost blood during the operation, it was less weak, and it is thicker. This is usually acetylsalicylic acid. Don't throw it away.

The body will not ask for food, they will feed you through droppers. Depending on the area of surgery, this will continue for up to five days.
Then they will allow you the products you put (chicken broth, homemade compotes from dried fruits).
If the intestines do not work the next day, they will help in this by stimulating it for 2 minutes with physiotherapy.
You will need to get up as soon as you were transferred from the intensive care unit. The doctor will say. There is no need to be afraid, weakness, dizziness will quickly pass.
Do not be capricious, get up right away because there is a great chance of not getting internal adhesions in the body. This is not a whim of doctors - a necessity for health.
The consequences of the use of anesthesia will continue to manifest themselves for a whole year, perhaps more. Sometimes you start to forget the name of the person standing next to you, the mind realizes that he is familiar, but the name or surname disappears completely. These are the consequences of anesthesia, they pass. Drink Nootropil, Cavinton or the like.
The heart may hurt, the liver - deviations will be, especially in people who have lived and are not completely healthy. Consult a doctor, there are no general recipes. You need to know what happened to the organ before the operation.
Patients have practically no consequences from its use.

If possible, do the surgery in a good clinic. I understand that for most of us this is only a dream.

Headache:

Many are interested in the question why after anesthesia a headache pesters?

Unfortunately, there are many factors here: what drug you were injected with, its dosage, the experience of the anesthesiologist.
Modern medicine is developing, safer substances appear with a minimum of negative impact on the body after surgery.
There is evidence that patients with protein intolerance suffer greatly. This must be voiced by the doctor. You will be given a different anesthetic.

You will be pain relieved, you will not feel pain. The most important thing is that now you need to get better, everything is behind.

Realize this - smile, ask the doctor about everything that interests you, so that doubts do not gnaw from the inside. Only positive. Recovery is going several times faster.

Does anesthesia take years of life:

Nobody keeps such statistics, but if you believe the myths that any of the operations takes five years of life - incompetence.
There is a large number of people forced to do them in literally dozens. If you multiply by five, you will not find such centenarians.
Everything around us influences: where and with whom we live, what we eat, drink, how much and with whom we work, how do we treat ourselves and take care of ourselves in general? You can list endlessly, but we are not worried about it. In vain - here we are the key to health.
General anesthesia is essential for major surgery, it will save your life. Tune in to it.

Can a person wake up during an operation:

Maybe. There are such cases. Everyone has their own organism. But do not think that he woke up, got scared, jumped off and ran.
All of us during the operation are guarded by many devices connected to our body.
He will definitely show an increase in heart rate, pressure. The patient is given a dose of anesthesia, he falls asleep.

Analyzes necessary for the use of general anesthesia without consequences:

General blood analysis.
For surgical intervention, the doctor must know: the level of hemoglobin, leukocytes, erythrocytes, ESR, platelets.
Rhesus factor in blood.
Tests for HIV and AIDS infection.
Blood chemistry.
Hepatic enzymes: ALT, AST, necessarily bilirubin (its numbers indicate the work of the gallbladder, liver).
Indicators of kidney function: creatinine, urea.
ECG (electrocardiogram).
Chest fluorography.

An ultrasound scan of the organs may be prescribed if this is required to confirm any doubt.

Contraindications to general anesthesia with its consequences:

Their doctors are divided into:

Absolute.
Relative.

In case of emergency, a person will necessarily be operated on. The main thing here is human life.

The operation can only be postponed for the following reasons:

Diseases in the acute form of the respiratory tract. It will be impossible to breathe with the snorkel. Moreover, there is an active phase of the disease - a runny nose, fever, cough.
They will refuse you with a large weight deficit.
Various skin rashes (purulent).
Children are denied surgical treatment if 6 months have not passed after vaccination.
Heart disease with severe symptoms, proceeding with arrhythmias.
Severe hypertension with tonometer numbers above 200/110.
Acute myocardial infarction. After a heart attack, at least six months should pass.
Hormone-dependent bronchial asthma with frequent attacks.
Focal chronic cerebral insufficiency after traumatic brain injury or stroke.
Epilepsy with frequent seizures.
Refuse drug addicts, chronic alcoholics in acute mental attacks.
With decompensated second (fasting sugar more than 11 mmol / liter) or the first type.
Severe bleeding disorder.
For severe anemia (below 100 grams / liter).
Active form of tuberculosis.
Polyvalent allergies to drugs used in surgical treatment.

That is why, you need to do planned operations as early as possible while you are younger. Do not wind yourself up before the inevitable treatment - you are not the first, you are not the last. Once the operation is needed, do it. Trust me - everything will be fine.

Stay healthy.

I am always glad to see you on my website.

Watch the video, the consequences of general anesthesia for the body: