How to use the air conditioner in the apartment that. Principle of operation of the air conditioner. How does air conditioner work? Principle of operation of precision air conditioners

And from where a refreshing coolness is taken on a hot summer day, you need to consider the main principles of air-conditioning systems. For this, it is worth remembering the school lessons of physics, on which it was about the absorption of heat fluid, and simple experience: a cologne or alcohol poured into the hand, which in the process created a pleasant chill. It is this simple principle that is used in modern air conditioners.

What is the standard split system from? As a rule, inside it is a closed circuit, which moves the liquid -. Talking inside the contour, the refrigerant in one place absorbs heat in order to highlight it in the other. This process proceeds in special tubes - which are made of copper and contain aluminum transverse partitions. For a faster flow of processes in heat exchangers, air is injected, making it using special fans.

Based on the name of the processes occurring in the heat exchanger, one of them is called, and the other. When the air conditioner works "on heat" as performing internal evaporator (Part of the air conditioner located in the room), and when working "on the cold" - everything happens on the contrary. Takov principle of operation of air conditionerBut what's the point?

The cold itself is not a complete product, but only derived from heat transfer with refrigerant. This process in the literature is called "". Thanks to him, air conditioning performance is obtained in three times higherthan its power consumption. At first glance, this may cause bewilderment: 300% efficiency - is it really possible? What is a refrigerant and how can it be transferred from the room in which the temperature is about 20 degrees, outside, where the temperature is twice as high?

It turns out everything is much easier than you can assume. The temperature transfer directly depends on the pressure, and it does not linearly, and monotonously. Thus, in the process of transporting the pressure value becomes higher than the phase transition temperature. The boiled refrigerant changes its state of liquid into vapor-shaped and begins to absorb heat from the ambient air, while the necessary pressure is created in the heat exchanger, in which the temperature of the phase transition becomes below the surrounding. In the reverse process, the refrigerant gives its heat air, and the transition temperature rises.

Another important detail in the work of the air conditioner is closed loopTo create which at least two elements need: - to increase the pressure and the throttle device - to reduce it. The first one is installed immediately before the condenser, and the second before.

In general, there are five elements that are mandatory in air conditioners of any type: a closed circuit, an external and internal heat exchanger, compressor and a throttling device. They are the main component of both the simplest and most complex split system.

In our time, a four-way valve is added to the full-featured operation of the air conditioner in the circuit, thanks to which it can produce both heat and cold. Such a split system was called " air conditioning with reversing cycle", The additional function of which was the transfer of heat from the room to the street and back.

3. Compressor - Squeezes Freon and supports its movement along the refrigerator. The compressor is piston or spiral (scroll) type. Piston compressors are cheaper, but less reliable than spiral, especially under conditions of low outdoor air temperatures.
5. Four-way valve - installed in reversible (heat - cold) air conditioners. In heating mode, this valve changes the direction of movement of freon. At the same time, the internal and outer block is changed in places: the internal unit works on heating, and the outer-cooling.
4. Control board - As a rule, it is installed only on inverter air conditioners. In not inverter models, all electronics are trying to post in the inner block, because
large drops of temperature and humidity reduce the reliability of electronic components.
1. Fan - Creates a stream of air blowing a capacitor.
In low-cost models has only one speed of rotation.
Such an air conditioner can work consistently in a small range of outdoor air temperatures. In a higher class models, designed for a wide temperature range, as well as in all semi-industrial air conditioners, the fan has 2 - 3 fixed speed of rotation or smooth adjustment.
2. Capacitor - Radiator in which freon condensation and condensation occurs. Air blowing through the capacitor, respectively, heats up.
7. Freon filter system - It is installed before the entrance of the compressor and protects it from copper crumbs and other small particles that can enter the system when mounting the air conditioner. Of course, if the installation is made with a violation of technology and a large amount of garbage fell into the system, the filter will not help.
6. Equipment - Copper pipes connecting the outer and internal blocks to them.
8. Protective quick-consuming lid. - Closes the fitting connections and terminal block used to connect electrical cables. In some models, the protective cover closes only a terminal bar, and the evillans remain outside.

Internal unit of air conditioner

1. Front panel - It is a plastic lattice through which air flows inside the block. The panel is easily removed to maintain the air conditioner (filter cleaning, etc.)
2. Filter coarse cleaning - It is a plastic mesh and is designed to delay large dust, animal wool, etc. For normal operation of the air conditioner, the filter must be cleaned at least twice a month.
5. Evaporator - Radiator, in which the heating of cold freon and its evaporation occurs. Blowing through the radiator air, respectively, is cooled.
6. Horizontal blinds - regulate the direction of the air flow vertically. These blinds have an electric drive and their position can be adjusted from the remote control. In addition, blinds can automatically perform oscillatory movements for the uniform distribution of the air flow through the room.
7. Indicator panel - On the front panel of the air conditioner, indicators (LEDs) are installed, showing the operation mode of the air conditioner and signaling about possible faults.
3. Filter of fine cleaning - There are various types: coal (removes unpleasant
smells), electrostatic (delays small dust), etc. The presence or lack of fine cleaning filters does not affect the operation of the air conditioner.
4. Fan - It has 3 - 4 speeds of rotation.
8. Vertical blinds - Serve to adjust the direction of the air flow horizontally. In domestic air conditioners, the position of these blinds can be adjusted only manually. The ability to adjust from the remote control is only in some models of premium air conditioners.
Pallet for condensate (not shown in the figure) - located under the evaporator and serves to collect condensate (water formed on the surface of the cold evaporator). From the pallet, the water is displayed out through the drainage hose.
Control board
(Not shown in the figure) - usually located on the right side of the indoor unit. The electronics unit with the central microprocessor is placed on this board.
Equipment
(Figure not shown) -
located at the bottom rear of the indoor unit. Copper pipes connecting the outer and internal blocks are connected to them.

Principle of operation of air conditioner

Today, with the variety of trademarks and models of air conditioners, it is difficult to immediately find the one that would suit you. Sellers praise their goods. Their split systems, of course, the best. Manufacturers in every way allocate their brands by adding new features and modes. And for the buyer, the modes of the air conditioner operating in which it will use.

What is useful knowledge of modes?

The article does not give advice, how to calculate the power of the air conditioner for your room, where to install the split system, how to control the correct installation. This is not an instruction manual of the air conditioner. The instruction is written for each air conditioner individually and describes the functions of only one model. Here are clear descriptions of the basic functions of air conditioners. It is very convenient to compare the equipment (even different price groups) and choose what you need, and not overpay for extra options.

The household air conditioner is, first of all, the equipment supporting the desired room temperature. Controlled consoles are controlled, which are remote and stationary (wall, for example). Assigning all the remote control buttons is described in detail in the operating instructions for the air conditioner. But it can be understood intuitively on icons and inscriptions near the remote control buttons.

Mode Switching Button

In different air conditioners, key sets on the front panel of the console can be very different. But one button is all. Button - MODE ("Mode"). Its consistent pressing includes alternately the main modes of air conditioner: "cooling", "heating", "Auto", "Drain", "ventilation".

Features of the main regimes

"Cooling". The main function of the air conditioner. When it is turned on, the indoor occurs in the indoor unit of the air conditioner there is a sensor that monitors the temperature change and the supply signal to the air conditioner when it changes. When working on cooling by sequentially pressing the FAN button, you can change the performance of the fan, and therefore the intensity of the cooling.
"Heating". Task - heat the air in the room. Since the air conditioner is a heat pump, then when working in this mode, it will consume three times less energy than an electrical heater. In this mode of the air conditioner, you can also change the intensity of the heating of the room, changing the performance of the fan of the indoor unit, pressing the FAN button sequentially.
"Ventilation". The air of the room is driven through the internal unit of the air conditioner without changing the temperature and filtered. In this mode of operation of the air conditioner, air recirculation occurs. There is no receipt or deletion.
"Drainage". At the same time, the mode of operation of the air conditioner icon on the remote will have a drop view. In the drainage mode, removal of excess moisture occurs. First, the air conditioner is drying the air for ten minutes, then 2 minutes does not work and, finally, it works for 5 minutes in reinforced purge mode. In drainage mode, switching the speed of rotation of the fan, you can choose the rate of detention.
In the "Auto" mode, a temperature of 22 degrees and the fan speed is automatically installed. The air conditioner itself chooses between the modes "Cooling" and "heating". Itself supports the specified conditions. Changing any settings inside the "Auto" mode is not provided.
Swing mode (swing). Controlling horizontal (in some models and vertical) blinds of the indoor unit.

Table of main modes of work

The table shows a brief description of the modes of operation. It is like a cheat sheet on how to use air conditioning on basic modes.

Additional modes

The main modes contained in the table have all air conditioners. They provide minimal comfort.

Now we will tell about the options that make every air conditioner unique in your own way, and how to use the air conditioner in additional modes.

Choose the most likely, and consultant of the climate technology store will prompt the suitable split model.

"Ionization". The inclusion of the mode implies the saturation of the room with negatively charged ions (anions). On average, air conditioner produces them to a square centimeter to 20,000. Such an anions occurs only in environmentally friendly places. Anions have an antibacterial effect. The ionization function can be considered as an additional fine cleaning filter.

"Self-cleaning". When using this function in the air conditioner, mold will never be charged. The process lasts about half an hour: the blinds are closed, and the inner block is flushed, the entire moisture is removed, the heat exchanger is heated, dried, the air conditioner goes into the FAN mode ("Ventilation"), and air entering the air conditioner takes with you all unpleasant odors.
The enrichment of air oxygen based on uneven passage of gases through the polymer membrane.
"Additional filtering mode". In many models there are additional filtering systems. For example, a plasma filter brought to the Russian LG market, Samsung is a biocoction filter. Practically, each brand has models with multistage filtering. Very useful option.
"Feeding fresh air". Function in systems with wall blocks is rather advertising. A very small cross-section of the tube through which the air should fall into the room. If this feature is, it is used in air conditioners with multi-step cleaning filters.
"Night air conditioner transition to optimal mode mode. The fan is turned on on low noise. That is, its rotational speed is reduced. In addition, when operating the air conditioner in cooling mode, the temperature rises for a few hours by 1-3 degrees. And when working in heating mode - For several hours it goes away.

"Timer". Allows you to turn on the air conditioner to a specific hour (for example, by the time of arrival at work) and turn it off to a certain time.
"Forced cooling or heating". In some models, the mode may be called Turbo, in others - Jet Cool. The essence is one - for half an hour (after pressing the corresponding button), the air conditioner operates at a minimum temperature at the maximum possible fan speed. It is used to quickly cool the room.
I FEEL. In this mode, the temperature is measured not by the sensor of the inner block, but the remote control. The most comfortable conditions are created in the place where the console is located, i.e. Next to man.
"Smart Eye." I SEE is a volumetric temperature scanning sensor. Tracks temperature and humidity throughout the volume of the room. Air conditioning, receiving information, adjusts the temperature by zones. I See does not allow sharp temperature drops, synchronizing the operation of the fan and shutters.

Protection systems

Additional functions increase comfort. In addition, manufacturers are installed on the air conditioners of the protection and control system.

"Defrosting (thawing) of the outdoor unit." The function turns on automatically when ice flies on the outer block. Split system begins heating outdoor unit. Unfortunately, there are not at all air conditioners. If there is no it in the selected air conditioner, then it is possible to melt the ice on the outer block by turning on a short-time cooling mode.
"Autorsatar". The air conditioner function to restore the settings after the resumption of power when the electricity is turned off.
"Warm start." Protection against cold air flow when switching to heating mode. The inner block fan will not turn on until the refrigerant warms up. With such an option, cold air is impossible to enter a person.
"Compressor Protection".
"Self-diagnostic function". The breakdown diagnoses the microcircuit, built into the internal unit of the air conditioner. About the fault type can be found in the error code or by flashing light indicators.
"Work at low temperatures." Air conditioners are steadily working during the off-season (temperature up to -7 degrees). If you want to heat the air conditioner in winter, then you should purchase an inverter. Many inverter models can work on heating at an outdoor air temperature -15 degrees without loss. Air conditioners with an additional set for low temperatures can operate at temperatures less than -60 degrees. But the price of systems with a thermal pump is higher than that of ordinary air conditioners, several times.

If the remote is lost. Turning on the air conditioner without the help of the remote

There is another interesting feature at wall splits. They can be included in test mode, even if the remote control is lost. Under the front panel on the right side, covered with plastic cap, the Operation or ON / OFF button is located. By pressing it, you can start the air conditioner without the remote.

There is only one "but". When you press this button, some models are turned on in "Auto" mode, but most in the mode in which they worked until shutdown.

All modern air conditioners (from any price segment) have a complex and often coincident set of functions: "cooling", "heating", "Drain", "ventilation", "Turning on / off timer", various filters ... the difference between high-class models and Models are simpler - the percentage of marriage in the equipment party and the service guaranteed service life. The choice of brand is also important. But this is a completely different story.

Climatic systems help to create any optimal indoor temperature, but not all users know the basic rules, how to use the air conditioner, so as not to harm their health and all living in the house. Consider how and on what mode the air conditioner is included so that the room temperature is optimal.

All air conditioners are divided into the following main species:

window models - installed in the window opening;
the wall variant - consists of two blocks, the evaporator is located inside the room, and the remote - beyond it;
models of the floor location - installation on the floor, with the output of hot air through the window;
combined class.

In addition, experts share split systems functional features:

only cooling;
cold / warm;
work at low and fairly high temperatures;
various additional features.

In the last variant, functions such as ionization, moisturizing, flavoring and air purification can be included.

There are special rules on the basis of which the air conditioner is operated at home.

How to turn on air conditioning

Using conditioner To cool the air inside your home, it is considered to be the main task for this household appliance, but there are split products that can work in two horses: cold and heat. In the installation there are no difference, except for small nuances: air conditioners are installed only on the walls of the house, and modern models of split systems can be mounted in ceiling floors.

Many users ask the eternal question, how to set up air conditioning yourself? The instruction interprets the main provisions, as it is necessary to properly operate the air conditioning of a specific model after the installation is completed. Adjust the product using the remote controlHow to contact him, we will tell you in detail a little later.

Cooling mode

We use this feature constantly at home when heat comes, so consider this process in more detail.

In order to turn on the air conditioner to the cold, it is enough to click snowflake Key, then select the optimal temperature to which the air can be cooled. When the desired microclimate is achieved, the remote block is turned off automatically, and the evaporator block continues its operation - supports user-defined parameters.

The cold air flow comes out of the evaporator and fills all the space, displacing the warmer, which is absorbed inside the system and cools. It is worth the temperature to rise by a pair of degrees, as the outer block is again turning on to work to lower it to the optimal option that you installed using the console on the air conditioner.

Do not stand in the apartment cooling air below 16 degrees. It should be remembered that when the device is working at full capacity there is a risk of catching cold.
The difference between the temperature of the outer and internal air should not exceed 5 degrees.
It is not necessary to include a cold product at an outdoor temperature of less than 12 degrees.
All models of modern climatic devices are customized to save electricityEspecially this is the converter products - they automatically select the operation mode.
All air conditioners should not be included at all with an outdoor temperature below 0 degrees.

Many models split installations, according to the manufacturers, can work at 20 degrees below zero, heating room, but they must be turned off with severe frosts so as not to break the fan. Especially carefully, it is necessary to exploit this technique during sudden thaws.

Heating mode

Modern climatic systems can serve not only cooled air in the apartment, but also heat. For this we take the PU and follow the prompts.

Press the Start or ON / OFF key, then hEAT button.
If not, then present mode key or the other, over which there are symbols: snowflake, sun, drop of rain and fan. Switch the modes until the desired character appears on the display.
Pressing + or - or up / down arrows, you need to adjust the required temperature. Its value should be above 5 degrees that there is now indoors.

Initially, the fan is turned on, and then heating mode. Maximum after 10 minutes the product will begin to pump warm air into the room. If there are no buttons described above on the PU - you are not lucky, this model of the air conditioner cannot work in heat mode.

There are split systems, where you first need to make all the settings, and then click the Start key.

During settings, any model is required to respond to your actions: give out sound signals, flashing LEDs. During the purchase of the product, you need to get acquainted with all its characteristics, so that then do not break your head.

Proper use of Pu

These remote devices are attached to each model. Today there are many different variations, but inscriptions and functions on buttons similar. Most users do not read the instructions, but use the start button and temperature setting. But there are many other keys on the remote control. Tell them titles and basic functions.

POWER, in some PU ON / OFF - turn on / off the product.
Mode: By pressing it once, you translate the device into the automatic air supply mode, twice the product will work in COOL mode.
Swing: The oscillatory movement mode is turned on to disperse the air flow throughout the space.
Dry, which means dry - the device works on medium turns.
Fan (fan, foam) - air conditioning is slower or faster.
Turbo: Maximum turnover and performance.
Temp: Temperature Key Cold / Heat Adjustment.
Smart Saver (smart savings) - when the optimal temperature is reached, the product turns off and operates in fan mode.
Auto Clean: Disinfect and dried all the details of the device. By pressing this key once every three days (while the product works no more than half an hour), you allow it to get rid of the excess moisture yourself.
SLEEP: Translation of air conditioner to a seaside mode, cold air applies to the ceiling, we use at night.
On Timer: Turning on the timer.
OFF TIMER: Disable time.
Clean Air: The process of airflow ionization.
OK: Confirm key of selected parameters.
Cancel: Cancel selected command.
Reset: Reset all settings.
Lock: Lock buttons (protection against children).

Nuances of exploitation

Modern models of air conditioners are quite complex household appliances, the configuration of which requires compliance with the basic rules.

Need clearly select the power of the product Depending on the size of the room: in the regions with a very hot climate, it is necessary to install systems with greater power, with the improved characteristics of the cooling mode.
Always relate the mode of operation of the product with weather conditions outside.
In order to prevent any colds for any colds, it is necessary to accurately customize the equipment in the cold mode.
Conduct regular maintenance - these events will allow you to ensure the normal work of the product, and the whole family is a safe and comfortable microclimate.
Installation, maintenance and repair of equipment should only be done by professionals.

Climatic systems can be installed in any rooms, regardless of their configuration and dimensions, because modern technique copes with the task without any problems. The user should only fulfill all the rules and recommendations voiced in this article.

Top Air Conditioners 2018

Split system Haier AS12NS4ERA / 1U12BS3ERA

Split system Haier AS09NS4ERA / 1U09BS3ERA

Split system Mitsubishi Electric MSZ-LN25VG / MUZ-LN25VG

Split system ELECTROLUX EACS / I-09HSL / N3

Split system ELECTROLUX EACS-07HAT / N3

Split system ELECTROLUX EACS-12HSL / N3

The air conditioners have long become part of our life, but the principles of work and the device are not always clear, and the variety of models is very large - outdoor, mobile, window, inverter. To deal with this question, you are offered an overview of similar devices of various purposes with a clear explanation, as they work.

The device and the principle of operation of the usual air conditioner

Air conditioning works on a closed cycle based on two functions:

transition of a substance from a gaseous state into a liquid with an increase in pressure (and vice versa);
heat release during condensation (transition from gas to liquid) and cooling during evaporation.

In other words, a compressor is used to transfer heat. It changes the pressure of the refrigerant substance. Usually, the freon is in various compounds, for example, "R410". How to fix the air conditioner by Freon -.

Here is a scheme of the device of such a system:

The phased phase of the cycle looks like this:

The compressor (a small pump with an electric motor) is pumping the gas pressure, pumping it from the evaporator (in the room) to the condenser (on the street). Due to the increased gas pressure, its temperature may increase to 90 degrees Celsius.

When the compressor is started, the first seconds it works without lubrication, as the oil when the engine does not flow into the crankcase. Therefore, every next engine start increases its common wear. For the engine, it is better if it works continuously, but it leads to large energy consumption.

In the condenser, Freon begins to give heat to the environment, because the gas at this moment is hotter than air. The street fan turns on and provides an intensive blowing of the heat exchanger, which repeatedly speeds up the process.
As a result of cooling, the gas turns into a liquid, but the pressure still remains high. The temperature of the liquid is still somewhat higher than the ambient temperature.
Further, Freon turns into a capillary - a thin tube from copper, wound a long spiral. Another name of this detail is choke. So the pressure of liquid freon decreases to several atmospheres. Part of the fluid immediately goes into a gaseous state.
Freon turns out to be in the evaporator. Now the heat exchanger from the liquid state goes into the gaseous, while the freon is cooled along with the heat exchanger grille in the room. Room fan drives air flow through a cooled grille, quickly taking cold in the room.
Next, the cycle is repeated again - from 1 to 5 phases.

How air conditioning works when cooling mode, is represented in the diagram:

Since the evaporator is very cold, and the humidity in the room can be high, the water drops appear on the evaporator - condensate. In fact, it is distilled water. Drops accumulate and begin to drain down - by evaporator and below. Of course, the water is not needed inside the room, therefore, it is usually used to remove the condensate to be applied to the street.

The emerging air flow can be directed using special plane blinds in the desired side, both horizontally and vertically. Typically, such control can be carried out from the remote control. Many models can regularly automatically rotate blinds to the side or up-down, overclocking the cool air to more volume.

Air conditioner dryer - work principle

This is one of the elements of the system. Its function is to collect liquid freon arising from the condenser and prevent refrainable contamination. It is located on the track of the movement of Freon, after the condenser and in front of the throttle:

Externally, the desiccant looks like a small tube expanding to the middle and tapering to the ends. Inside the tube is a moisture-sorbing mineral "Zeolite". On the way of the movement of Freon are two grids:

One on the entrance side with large holes so that the zeolite granules could not get into the condenser.
Second grid on the release side. In it, the holes are relatively small, like in a tea-cable, not to skip the compressor of the zeolite particle, metal fragments, and so on.

In the dryer, another extra opening is usually made. It is used when assembling and repairing the unit in order to quickly create a vacuum in the system. Otherwise, a throttle having a small diameter would slow down the air conditioning vacuum process. You can not open this technological hole, otherwise the device will stop working.

Inverter conditioner

The main purpose of the inverter air conditioner is the energy savings and the extension of the operating state of the compressor. In such systems, work occurs not jerks "turned on-off", but with a smooth adjustment of power. The air conditioner works continuously, however, not fully. This allows the compressor engine to increase its resource. In addition, maintaining a stable temperature in the room requires much less electricity costs than with the "ripped rhythm" of the normal air conditioner.

Adjusting the speed of the compressor rotation is achieved by the conversion (inverting) of the incoming AC to the constant, and then again into the variable, but with the other frequency. Electronics decides how to change the engine speed - to reduce or increase, and changes in speed occur smoothly.

But it is important to understand that the inverter air conditioner is more economical only in those places where the usual air conditioner is turned on only from time to time. With continuous operation, the usual air conditioner is much more effective with the same energy consumption, because it does not spend electricity for conversion. Therefore, if your inverter air conditioner works in full force almost continuously - its power was chosen incorrectly.

What is the inverter air conditioner and is it worth overpaying for him, the company's engineer will tell climate control:

Split system

Split means "partition". In Split systems, the capacitor and the evaporator are not in a single case, but can be separated, for example, a wall. However, they are connected by the tubes for the exchange of the refrigerant between them. Usually the outer part of the split system is attached to the outside on the wall of the building. It has such items:

compressor;
capacitor;
throttle;
external fan, etc.

The outer part can make a sufficiently loud noise when working (up to 45 decibels), which can cause discontent of your neighbors.

The inner part is mounted inside the building, there are:

evaporator;
air purification filter;
thermostat;
control electronics.

Usually the inner part works very quietly.

When installing the split system requires special equipment for connecting the outer and inside with copper tubes. First of all, this is a vacuum pump, without which it will not be possible to assemble the workable system. Manufacturers do not guarantee the aggregates mounted by non-certified installers.

Modern split systems are equipped with a compressor start-up system. This system does not allow you to run the engine too quickly after its last shutdown so that it does not overheat.

There are multi-split systems in which not one, but two and more internal blocks. But such systems are somewhat more expensive than normal, as they require a more complex connection system with an outdoor unit, and a more complex control system for each inner block (with a separate thermostat, a remote control unit, and so on).

Most split systems can work not only "for cooling", but also "on heating".

Outdoor air conditioner

Outdoor air conditioners are used when it is undesirable or impossible to use the usual wall model, for example, the room is too small, and the flow of cold air from the wall will immediately fall on people.

They are two species: stationary and mobile. Both those and others are not too different from their wall-mounted fellow. Stationary floor air conditioner is usually made according to the "split" scheme. He also needs to exchange heat with the outside world, as well as the usual, therefore, it is simply strengthened at an altitude of about half a meter from the floor level, and all other elements are the same. Outdoor air conditioning in a mobile version is most often a mobile air conditioner.

Mobile air conditioning: work features

The device of the mobile air conditioner is almost no different from stationary. The main difference is the entire air conditioner is entirely inside the room. In addition, a thick pipe-duct is usually required to pump out the street atmosphere through the capacitor. This air duct should be sealed in a window or a special hole in the walls.

The power of mobile air conditioners is usually small, as they are designed to cool small on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. The most noisy part of the air conditioner (condenser + fan + choke) is placed in the dwelling, so with high air conditioner power to be in the room will be uncomfortable.

Most technical solutions include not only air cooler, but also a heater. The temperature increase occurs due to direct heating of air by the Tanni. Moreover, their power can be large enough, so check the power grid on the suitability of such loads. Models with the possibility of work "on heat", as in split-systems (with the permutation of the hose-duct and without Tannov), can also be found.

Often, mobile air conditioners are equipped with a powerful fan, which allows not only to cool / heat the air indoors, but also disperse it throughout the construction.

Distilled water, which is generated during the operation of the unit, is most often assembled in a special container. In order not to run with her every hour, pouring accumulated water, it is better to choose a model with a capacity with a container. Also, some models when filling the water tank simply stop working, feeding signals and requiring drainage liquid.

Mobile air conditioners will come in handy where there is no reason to install stationary. For example, when removing housing, at the summer cottage or during a long service business trip. Often mobile air coolers are purchased for the kitchen so that in the summer, during the operation of all kitchen apparatuses, it was not so hot and stuffy.

On mobile air conditioners, their advantages and cons. You can learn from the following video, where the Mobile Air Conditioner TM Carrier series 51AKP is considered as an example.

How does mobile air conditioner work without an air duct?

Mobile air conditioning without an air duct is actually not air conditioning, but an air humidifier, and with the need to constantly replenish water reserves. Such an apparatus does not waste heat, but simply drives the air from the room through the wet sponge material. Some short-term coolness is possible in the first minutes of work due to improving air humidity.

Compared to the usual air conditioner, it has such disadvantages:

The capacity of such a device cannot be large - due to the limitation of dimensions and noise, as well as the scope of use in small rooms.
The humidity in the room becomes very high. Accordingly, mold may appear and so on.
It is necessary to pull water all the time into this machine, otherwise it can turn off at all.

Window air conditioners are popular for the same reason as mobile. Usually they work not all year round, but only in hot time. This is a very good solution for the kitchen, when in the summer I want a little cool, and there is no means to buy an expensive device for cooling a small room.

Looks like a similar installation as follows:

As a rule, they are made according to the scheme "Monoblock" and occupy the opening for the window. When you select the window conditioner, first check whether it will suit your specific window (forward). The point is not only in size, but also in the overall strength of the window frame, because the weight of the unit can be considerable, and not every old window will be able to withstand it.

Keep in mind that the dense hermetic fit of the window of the window air conditioner is most likely not, therefore it will have to decide the question of insulation from street air. Some tenants insert the air conditioning in the window opening every summer and fill the crevices with construction foam, and each autumn remove the unit to grow windows for the winter. However, it happens that the air conditioner is installed, sealing and then takes its place in the window all year round, just in the winter "resting".

Cheap models may not be a remote control - everything is adjusted from the front panel. In this case, this is the right approach - the simpler, the better. Less probability of breakdown of complex electronics.

Visually see how such an air conditioner is arranged and what happens when it works, you can on the video:

How does air conditioner work on heating?

Existing air conditioners capable of working in winter to heating are usually equipped with a four-way valve. This valve, switching, causes the refrigerant to heat from atmospheric air, and to the room, on the contrary, to give heat. This is a very economical way to warm up the building, as most of the energy is not spent on the actual air temperature, but on the transfer of heat from the street to the house.

However, it should be noted that the colder outside the window and the warmer should be in the room, the smaller the air conditioner is suitable for this. When frost -15 and below, household air conditioners usually can no longer ensure the transfer of heat from the street to the house, as:

The air conditioner is originally designed for cooling, so in the heating mode of the housing, its efficiency drops along with the ambient temperature.
Modern eco-friendly refrigerant is also not intended for frost.
The compressor is difficult to work in the cold - the lubricant becomes too dense.

Many split systems have automatics of switching "Cold" modes - "heat", regularly moving to the cooling mode of the room (with general mode "heat"), but without the operation of the fan inside the building. This is done to warm up the radiator in the external block of the system so that it is not covered with ice from condensate and has not lost the ability to efficient heat exchange.

In Split systems, the unpleasant probability of freezing the drain hose is also manifested. Water, turning into ice, forms a plug inside the hose. Further flow of water from the air conditioner will no longer go outside, but in the room.

After acquaintance with all the variety of species of this climate technology, you will be much easier to choose air conditioning for your needs. Of course, it is worth proceeding from the type of room that will need to be cooled as well as from financial capabilities.

In contact with

The device and the principle of operation of various air conditioners are similar. These systems have a common structure and purpose. The difference between them is only in the location of the system in the house and the external form of the device.

Air conditioning device

All air conditioners consist of the following parts:

fan;
throttle;
capacitor;
compressor;
evaporator.

The compressor squeezes Freon and forcibly causes it to circulate in the system. The capacitor serves to transform freon from gas into liquid. Usually it is in the external block. The evaporator, on the contrary, causes liquid freon to turn into gas. Its action is opposite to the work of the condenser. The throttle lowers the pressure of freon, and the fans cooler.

This is how each such device works. The principle of operation of the floor conditioner does not differ from the principle of functioning of wall or ceiling.

System functioning

All parts of the air conditioner (with the exception of the fans) are interconnected using thin copper tubes. Some tubes are made of aluminum. On the tubes inside the air conditioner circulates the cooler (most often it is freon). The cooler takes that gaseous, then liquid shape. Fans protect the system from overheating.

When a vapor Freon enters the compression hole, it has a temperature of about 10-15 degrees. Its pressure is 4-5 atmospheres. The refrigerant compression occurs in the compressor, the pressure increases 5 times, and the temperature of Freon rises to 90 degrees.

A very hot freon arrives in the condenser. There it is cooled, highlighting heat, and smoothly goes into a liquid state. Further, Freon passes the throttle and falls into the evaporator. Here, the liquid agent is mixed with gaseous. Evaporating, it creates cooling. After that, Freon enters the compressor again, and the cycle closes. This is how simple scheme looks like air conditioning.

Varieties of air conditioners

There are several varieties of air conditioners, although the principles of operation are identical. By type of air intake, such systems can be divided into:

supply;
recycling;
air conditioners with recovery function.

Recycling systems operate on the inner air, the intake use external air masses, and the system with recovery function use both listed methods.

In addition to the specified differentiation, there is another unit of air conditioners:

Monoblock - systems consisting of one block in which all functions are combined. They are very easy to operate, easily repair and serve for a long time. Such air conditioners are unpretentious. The only minus is the high cost.
Split systems consist of two separated blocks. One of them is placed outside the building, and the second indoors. Both parts of the system are combined by a tube through which freon circulates. The fan and evaporator of such an air conditioner is located in the inner block, and the remaining parts of the system are in external. Between itself, split systems differ in the form: there are outdoor, ceiling, wall air conditioners of this species.
Multi-split systems are distinguished by the fact that they have several internal blocks, and the external one is still alone. Such air conditioners can also be outdoor, wall or ceiling.

Possible system malfunctions

Today, in order to establish and successfully configure such a system at home or in the office, it is not necessary to know how the air conditioner compressor works. But it is necessary to understand in some possible failures of air conditioning devices.

The most common cause of the violation in split-systems becomes hydrate. It arises due to the fact that liquid freon falls into the compressor. The agent does not have time to fully adopt a gaseous state in the evaporator.

Hydroat occurs for several reasons.

Basically, this happens with cheap air conditioners, which are not entirely correct. Therefore, with the slightest interruptions of temperatures, they can present unpleasant surprises. Hydroat can happen when the air conditioner is started in a room with negative temperatures. For an inexpensive system, there is enough temperature minus 10-12 degrees to fail.

Contaminated filters also become the cause of the hydroedar. Behind the air conditioners must be monitored. It is advisable to regularly conduct a prophylactic examination of the system to avoid expensive repairs.

Another fault of air conditioners is associated with Freon leakage. It usually happens with the wrong installation of the tubes. Sometimes leaks happen in low-cost poorly designed systems. Among the very cheap models of air conditioners can be found in the factory marriage, when the tubes are simply either poorly screwed, or initially have to flow. You can see the leakage of freon visually at the working system. It causes freezing on the rear wall of the air conditioner.

If the air conditioner is improved in the contour, air and moisture can be hit. This will soon lead to disruption of the device. The air in the circuit often becomes the cause of air conditioners breakdown.

Therefore, it is better to mount the split system with the involvement of professionals, which are not first engaged in installing such aggregates.

The benefits of air conditioner

The air conditioner creates optimal temperature conditions in the house and office. Recently, difficult systems have emerged with the function of ionization and air humidation. It has a very beneficial effect on people, but provided that they care for the system. Because air conditioners like any other devices require cleaning and regular repairs.

Air conditioner contaminated filters are unlikely to make it useful. There are cases when, due to non-heavy split systems, people had different ailments. If the owner of such a device wants to get a maximum of benefit from him, then it must closely monitor the condition of the air conditioner.

Video

The following video materials will help to understand the principle of operation of air conditioners: