JAPANESE KEYBOARD.
The collection of Japanese characters contains many thousands of characters. It is impossible to accurately determine its volume, since it is open, like the lexical fund of a language: some hieroglyphs are falling out of use, new ones appear. It is believed that the minimum level of knowledge of the Japanese language includes about 2,000 characters, which is usually enough to read Japanese newspapers and literature. But how could a Japanese computer keyboard look like with so many characters in use?
It turns out that in addition to the main writing system - traditional hieroglyphs, with which we are used to associating Japanese texts, there is also a syllabic alphabet in modern Japanese. A hieroglyph is a pictogram representing every whole word or concept. And each symbol of the Japanese syllabary alphabet means a syllable. This alphabet is called kana and it consists of two phonetic varieties - hiragana and katakana. The configuration of the signs of the syllabic alphabet was determined by the abbreviated writing of one or another hieroglyph.
In modern Japanese writing, hieroglyphs and kana alternate. As a rule, hieroglyphs are used to write the lexical part of the text (roots, stems), and hiragana is used to write its grammatical part (affixes, service words). Some words, primarily borrowed from other languages, are usually not written in hieroglyphs; katakana is used to write them.
The syllabary has a small enough number of characters to fit on a standard keyboard. Every Japanese word can be written in hiragana, following the same rules as in European languages.
So, the Japanese keyboard looks the same as the one we are used to. On its keys, in addition to Latin letters, symbols of the Japanese alphabet hiragana are applied. The text is entered in Latin as it is pronounced. Conversion to hieroglyphs is done automatically. Successively typed Latin letters are converted into Japanese characters, and the text typed by them is converted into hieroglyphs. It is enough to click on the right mouse button and a menu will drop out over the word, at the top of which the system itself will offer different, most frequently used types of writing a word using hieroglyphs. The Japanese keyboard also allows you to enter kana characters directly. It is printed in the same way as described above, with the difference that an intermediate translation from Latin to Hiragana is skipped.
Also on the Japanese keyboard there are additional keys next to the space bar to switch between different input modes.
Japanese Windows differs from ours only in that everything - labels, messages, help, etc. translated into Japanese, the rest is completely the same. Unless in Word and some other programs there are several other parameters related to search features, hyphenation in Japanese text, and so on.
Thus, the appearance of the Japanese keyboard practically does not differ from the one with which we are used to working day in and day out!
example:
- we type, for example, in Latin letters ka, after which this syllable becomes γ, written in hiragana. Behind it we type, for example, the syllable sa:
- the syllable sa also turns into Japanese γ, after which we press the spacebar, and as a result, a hieroglyph is substituted for the typed one kasa, and in translation - "umbrella". Along with the βumbrellaβ, other options appear in the drop-down menu. kasa:
- by pressing the space bar or using the arrows on the keyboard, select the desired option. If a hieroglyph is not needed, but a word written in katakana or hiragana is needed, ignore the replacement and write what is needed further. This is how words, phrases, sentences and so on are written π
Or, for example, like this - let's take a more familiar word :)))
γ - we type ko,
γ β n,
γ« - we type ni,
γ‘ β chi,
γ― β ha.
And we get β konnichiwa" - "Hey!": 
Moreover, you can turn your keyboard into Japanese. To do this, in the lower right corner of the screen or where you have a language bar, select "Options ..." and by clicking the "Add" button, in the list that appears, put a checkmark in front of the Japanese language. After these procedures, the keyboard layout will change not only to Latin-Russian, but also to Japanese, and using the buttons on the language bar below, you can, for example, set the alphabet - katakana or hiragana. And so on.
Now you know what's what, and if after that someone will undertake to assure you that Japanese keyboards have two-story keys and with foot pedals, feel free to declare to such a person that he is wrong :))
CHINESE KEYBOARD
The average Chinese uses 3000 hieroglyphs (I know from something from a geography teacher), it is known that the most complete Chinese dictionary "Tsikhai" (an analogue of our Dahl dictionary) contains 57 thousand hieroglyphs. It is clear that the keyboard cannot even contain 1000 characters. Until recently, programs were used that adapted the Latin words typed on the keyboard, the transcription of the Chinese hieroglyph, the program offered a choice from several variants of hieroglyphs, which of them was decided by the user himself.
Now other keyboards are used, the principle of which is the following: despite the fact that each hieroglyph is individual, conveys its meaning, and also has a unique style, you can repeat this style using about 150 standard keys (the set of which most of the hieroglyphs consist), and by placing these the keys on the keyboard can be typed from different keys the desired hieroglyph.
In China, there are nine groups of dialects, and the national, state dialect is Putonghua (yes, what the variety of Chinese keyboards would be).
Well, actually, the Chinese keyboard looks like this: 
There are 16 million bloggers in China. They all write. There are several thousand characters in Chinese and, of course, there is no standard keyboard layout. This means that no Chinese keyboard is alike. According to the type of layout, the keyboard is divided into five regions - left and right-side letters, vertical and horizontal additions and strikethrough. In the picture, one of the possible layouts is "Wubi". Professional bloggers achieve 160 characters (average 500 keystrokes) per minute with this layout. There is a lot to learn from them. 
- here is a video that clearly shows the first method of typing Chinese characters, when the user types the English translation of Chinese words and selects the desired one from the proposed option (in English).
Well, this is how the Chinese keyboard looks for users who have not read this article π 
We are all accustomed to using computers with standard European keyboards. It has only 105 keys. As a rule, the keyboard has both Russian and Latin letters, which are located so that it is convenient to use them. Many users are blindly typing.
But many are interested in the question of what a Chinese keyboard looks like. After all, it is the Chinese language that is considered quite difficult. There are more than 3000 hieroglyphs in it, which you just need to know for banal reading of newspapers. How can we fit all this on the 105 keys of a familiar gadget?
How the keyboard was replaced before
To begin with, we note that about 1.2 billion Chinese people actively use computers. In addition, most of them do not speak English at all. The possibility of creating a keyboard with three thousand keys is out of the question. Just imagine how big this gadget should be. It will be simply impossible to use it, let alone equip laptops. That is why it became necessary to adapt the familiar version for the Chinese script.
Previously, the Chinese used special programs that could replace transliterated writing with hieroglyphs. Simply put, the user typed the text in the program window in Latin, and the program itself translated it into Chinese. If several variants of writing hieroglyphs are possible, then the user was asked to choose the most suitable one.
Making a Chinese version
The use of such software applications has proven to be very inconvenient. That is why experts began to think about creating a special keyboard. Note that, like any gadget, the Chinese model had to be able to write absolutely everything.
It is believed that the Chinese keyboard has a lot of keys. In its form, it is not the same as we are used to seeing it. It is round. Allegedly, this shape allows you to accommodate many more keys, each of which has a specific hieroglyph. And this assumption is fundamentally wrong. After all, it is simply impossible to use such a keyboard.
After studying many hieroglyphs, it was found that they are all built using the same set of symbols. This set consists of only one hundred and fifty characters, which are placed on a standard European keyboard. Each key has three characters. In addition, some Chinese keyboards have an English layout as well.
The Chinese keyboard looks no different from the one we are used to. The same keys in exactly the same order. Perhaps there are a little more symbols on it. In addition to the keys with alphabet symbols, there are also absolutely all service buttons that work the same everywhere. Here is such a transformation!
I think many of the computer users at least once in their lives thought about. First, a little background:
1. Chinese is spoken by 1.2 billion people. Imagine how many people need this very Chinese keyboard.
2.A Chinese man is considered to be literate, having mastered 1500 hieroglyphs., but to read newspapers he needs to know already 3000. Well, the most complete dictionary of the Chinese language contains 87 thousand hieroglyphs.
3. China has 9 different dialects, that is, the keyboards for each dialect should, in theory, be different. But the Chinese acted wisely and chose one of the most important dialects - Putonghua.
So, many are just wondering how you can fit 3000 hieroglyphs on a 20 by 30 centimeters keyboard.
1. Previously, the Chinese used special programs that adapted English into Chinese: that is, the user wrote in English transcription, and the program converted this transcription into a hieroglyph. If there were several options, then the program offered several.
2. Everything is good, but you must admit it is very inconvenient... And then they found another way out. In the Chinese language, almost any character consists of a set of only 150 characters. They were then placed on the Chinese keyboard - three per key.
And now a little:
1. This is a Chinese keyboard in the eyes of those who have never seen it before:
2.
This is a fragment of the Chinese keyboard, on which, as we can see, the English language is also present. 
3.
Pure Chinese Simplified Keyboard: 
Well, we found out for ourselves what does a chinese keyboard look like?
PS. For those who are interested, we have another article.
Those who speak Russian as their mother tongue are very lucky. And not only because of its euphony. The fact is that in the Russian alphabet there are only thirty-three letters that fit on any keyboard. The situation is quite different with the Chinese language. After all, this is one of the most difficult languages ββfor learning in the world - there are only about 50 thousand hieroglyphs in it.
Naturally, not all are used in everyday life, but still quite a lot ... So how do the Chinese get out of the situation? Is it true that their keyboards are like the ones shown in this photo?
2
In general, no! The Chinese also use standard sized keyboards, the same as ours. However, they did not come to this right away. Their first typewriters were monstrous. For example, the Shuange typewriter from the middle of the last century. Its principle of operation is simple, it is based on a bank of hieroglyphs located on an ink pad. The operator had to have exceptional patience, because he had to search for the required hieroglyph with a magnifying glass for a long time (each hieroglyph in the machine had a separate sign), then, using the handle, activate the "paw" that "grabbed" the desired sign and imprinted it on a paper attached to the top. sheet. Then the reel of paper was shifted a little, freeing up space on the sheet for the next character. Naturally, it was not possible to type quickly on this typewriter - ten hieroglyphs per minute at best. Then there were more comfortable cars that had few keys. This was done by decomposing the hieroglyphs into their component parts. Sixty-four keys in total! The typewriter assumed the presence of a special "window" in which one or another hieroglyph appeared depending on the key pressed by the operator. When another option was needed in the same row, a special function key was used, which helped to redefine the correct hieroglyph. Although this machine typed text much faster, it was not widely adopted. First of all, because of its high price.
3
Later, this method of typing hieroglyphs began to be used on computer "keyboard", and reached the present day. As a matter of fact, all Chinese characters are composed of sets of the same graphemes, that is, constituent parts. There are two hundred and eight graphemes in total. Actually, there are five basic traits (δΈ, δΈ¨, δΈΏ, δΈΆ, δΉ) and twenty-five most common characters. All of them have a separate key on the keyboard. There are also a number of constants and rules of the Chinese language, thanks to which the typing of characters on the keyboard is made a little easier. One way or another, but in most cases, for typing, the Chinese have to press the same key several times, or use combinations. Well, what can you do, if he was already born Chinese. In addition, there is also a phonetic way of typing. And hybrid ones that combine phonetic and structural methods. However, in the case of the Chinese language, almost every method is complicated and requires perseverance and attention. If you're already up to it, try to start learning this amazing language.
JAPANESE KEYBOARD.
The collection of Japanese characters contains many thousands of characters. It is impossible to accurately determine its volume, since it is open, like the lexical fund of a language: some hieroglyphs are falling out of use, new ones appear. It is believed that the minimum level of knowledge of the Japanese language includes about 2,000 characters, which is usually enough to read Japanese newspapers and literature. But how could a Japanese computer keyboard look like with so many characters in use?
It turns out that in addition to the main writing system - traditional hieroglyphs, with which we are used to associating Japanese texts, there is also a syllabic alphabet in modern Japanese. A hieroglyph is a pictogram representing every whole word or concept. And each symbol of the Japanese syllabary alphabet means a syllable. This alphabet is called kana and it consists of two phonetic varieties - hiragana and katakana. The configuration of the signs of the syllabic alphabet was determined by the abbreviated writing of one or another hieroglyph.
In modern Japanese writing, hieroglyphs and kana alternate. As a rule, hieroglyphs are used to write the lexical part of the text (roots, stems), and hiragana is used to write its grammatical part (affixes, service words). Some words, primarily borrowed from other languages, are usually not written in hieroglyphs; katakana is used to write them.
The syllabary has a small enough number of characters to fit on a standard keyboard. Every Japanese word can be written in hiragana, following the same rules as in European languages.
So, the Japanese keyboard looks the same as the one we are used to. On its keys, in addition to Latin letters, symbols of the Japanese alphabet hiragana are applied. The text is entered in Latin as it is pronounced. Conversion to hieroglyphs is done automatically. Successively typed Latin letters are converted into Japanese characters, and the text typed by them is converted into hieroglyphs. It is enough to click on the right mouse button and a menu will drop out over the word, at the top of which the system itself will offer different, most frequently used types of writing a word using hieroglyphs. The Japanese keyboard also allows you to enter kana characters directly. It is printed in the same way as described above, with the difference that an intermediate translation from Latin to Hiragana is skipped.
Also on the Japanese keyboard there are additional keys next to the space bar to switch between different input modes.
Japanese Windows differs from ours only in that everything - labels, messages, help, etc. translated into Japanese, the rest is completely the same. Except that Word and some other programs have several other parameters related to search features, hyphenation in Japanese text, and so on.
Thus, the appearance of the Japanese keyboard practically does not differ from the one with which we are used to working day in and day out!
example:
- we type, for example, in Latin letters ka, after which this syllable becomes γ, written in hiragana. Behind it we type, for example, the syllable sa:
- the syllable sa also turns into Japanese γ, after which we press the spacebar, and as a result, a hieroglyph is substituted for the typed one kasa, and in translation - "umbrella" Together with the "umbrella" in the drop-down menu appear other options kasa:
- by pressing the space bar or using the arrows on the keyboard, select the desired option. If a hieroglyph is not needed, but a word written in katakana or hiragana is needed, ignore the replacement and write what is needed further. This is how words, phrases, sentences and so on are written.
Or, for example, like this - let's take a more familiar word :)))
γ - we type ko,
γ β n,
γ« - we type ni,
γ‘ β chi,
γ― β ha.
And we get β konnichiwa" - "Hey!":
:)))
Moreover, you can turn your keyboard into Japanese. To do this, you need to select "Options ..." in the lower right corner of the screen or where your language bar is displayed, and by clicking the "Add" button, put a checkmark in front of the Japanese language in the list that appears. After these procedures, the keyboard layout will change not only to Latin-Russian, but also to Japanese, and using the buttons on the language bar below, you can, for example, set the alphabet - katakana or hiragana. And so on.
Now you know what's what, and if after that someone will undertake to assure you that Japanese keyboards have two-story keys and with foot pedals, feel free to declare to such a person that he is wrong :))
CHINESE KEYBOARD .
The average Chinese uses 3000 hieroglyphs (I know from something from a geography teacher), it is known that in the most complete Chinese dictionary " Tsikhai"(analogue of our dictionary Dahl) collected 57 thousand hieroglyphs. It is clear that the keyboard cannot even contain 1000 characters. Until recently, programs were used that adapted the Latin words typed on the keyboard, the transcription of the Chinese hieroglyph, the program offered a choice from several variants of hieroglyphs, which of them was decided by the user himself.
Now other keyboards are used, the principle of which is the following: despite the fact that each hieroglyph is individual, conveys its meaning, and also has a unique style, you can repeat this style using about 150 standard keys (the set of which most of the hieroglyphs consist), and by placing these the keys on the keyboard can be typed from different keys the desired hieroglyph.
There are nine dialect groups in China, and nationwide, the state dialect is Putonghua(yes, what would be the variety of Chinese keyboards).
Well, actually the Chinese keyboard looks like this:
There are 16 million bloggers in China. They all write. There are several thousand characters in Chinese and, of course, there is no standard keyboard layout. This means that no Chinese keyboard is alike. According to the type of layout, the keyboard is divided into five regions - left and right-side letters, vertical and horizontal additions and strikethrough. In the picture, one of the possible layouts is "Wubi". Professional bloggers achieve 160 characters (average 500 keystrokes) per minute with this layout. There is a lot to learn from them.
- here is a video that clearly shows the first method of typing Chinese characters, when the user types the English translation of Chinese words and selects the desired one from the proposed option (in English).
Well, this is how the Chinese keyboard looks for users who have not read this article :-)
from the bowels of the Internet.
Loading ...