Time on Earth is taken for granted. People don't think that the interval by which time is measured is relative. For example, the measurement of days and years is based on physical factors: the distance from the planet to the Sun is taken into account. One year is equal to the time it takes for the planet to go around the Sun, and one day is the time it takes to fully rotate around its axis. The same principle is used to calculate the time on other celestial bodies of the solar system. Many people are interested in how long a day lasts on Mars, Venus and other planets?
On our planet, a day lasts 24 hours. It takes just so many hours for the Earth to rotate around its axis. The length of the day on Mars and other planets is different: somewhere it is short, but somewhere it is very long.
Timing
To find out how long a day lasts on Mars, you can use solar or sidereal days. The last variant of measurements represents the period during which the planet makes one rotation around its axis. The day measures the time that is necessary for the stars to become in the sky in the same position from which the countdown began. Earth's stellar path is 23 hours and almost 57 minutes.
A solar day is a unit of time it takes for a planet to orbit around an axis with respect to sunlight. The principle of measuring by this system is the same as when measuring the day of a sidereal day, only the Sun is used as a reference point. Sidereal and solar days can be different.
And how long is a day on Mars in the stellar and solar system? A sidereal day on the red planet is 24 and a half hours. Sunny days last a little longer - 24 hours and 40 minutes. A day on Mars is 2.7% longer than on Earth.
When sending spacecraft to explore Mars, the time on it is taken into account. The devices have a special built-in clock, which differs from the terrestrial clock by 2.7%. Knowing how long a day lasts on Mars allows scientists to create special rovers that are synchronized with the Martian days. The use of special clocks is important for science, since the rovers are solar-powered. As an experiment for Mars, a clock was developed that takes into account the solar day, but it was not possible to use it.
The zero meridian on Mars is the one that passes through the crater called Airy. However, there are no time zones on the red planet like there are on Earth.
Martian time
Knowing how many hours in a day are on Mars, you can calculate how long a year is. The seasonal cycle is similar to that of the Earth: Mars has the same inclination as the Earth (25.19 °) in relation to its own orbital plane. From the Sun to the red planet, the distance varies at different periods from 206 to 249 million kilometers.
Temperature readings differ from ours:
- average temperature -46 ° С;
- during the period of distance from the Sun, the temperature is about -143 ° С;
- in summer - -35 ° С.
Water on Mars
An interesting discovery was made by scientists in 2008. The rover discovered water ice at the planet's poles. Prior to this discovery, it was believed that there was only carbon dioxide on the surface. Even later, it turned out that precipitation falls on the red planet in the form of snow, and carbon dioxide snow falls near the south pole.
Throughout the year, there are storms on Mars that extend over hundreds of thousands of kilometers. They make it difficult to track what is happening on the surface.
A year on Mars
Around the Sun, the red planet makes a circle in 686 Earth days, moving at a speed of 24 thousand kilometers per second. A whole system of notation for Martian years has been developed.
When studying the question of how long a day on Mars lasts in hours, mankind has made many sensational discoveries. They show that the red planet is close to Earth.
Length of a year on Mercury
Mercury is a planet close to the Sun. It makes a revolution around its axis in 58 earth days, that is, one day on Mercury is 58 earth days. And to fly around the Sun, the planet needs only 88 Earth days. This amazing discovery shows that on this planet, a year lasts almost three Earth months, and while our planet orbits one circle around the Sun, Mercury makes more than four revolutions. And how long is a day on Mars and other planets when compared with Mercury time? It's amazing, but in just one and a half Martian days, a whole year passes on Mercury.
Time on Venus
The time on Venus is unusual. One day on this planet lasts 243 earth days, and a year on this planet lasts 224 earth days. It seems strange, but such is the mysterious Venus.
Time on Jupiter
Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. Based on its size, many believe that the day on it lasts a long time, but this is not the case. Its duration is 9 hours 55 minutes, which is less than half the length of our earthly day. The gas giant rotates rapidly on its axis. By the way, because of him, constant hurricanes and strong storms are raging on the planet.
Time on Saturn
A day on Saturn lasts about the same as on Jupiter, and is 10 hours 33 minutes. But the year lasts approximately 29,345 Earth years.
Time on Uranus
Uranus is an unusual planet, and it is not so easy to determine how long a day of light will last on it. A sidereal day on the planet lasts 17 hours and 14 minutes. However, the giant has a strong axis tilt, which is why it rotates around the Sun almost on its side. Because of this, at one pole, summer will last 42 Earth years, while at the other pole there will be night. When the planet rotates, the other pole will be illuminated for 42 years. Scientists have come to the conclusion that a day on the planet lasts 84 Earth years: one Uranium year lasts almost one Uranium day.
Time on other planets
Dealing with the question of how long a day and a year last on Mars and other planets, scientists have found unique exoplanets, where a year lasts only 8.5 Earth hours. This planet is called Kepler 78b. Another planet, KOI 1843.03, was also discovered, with a shorter period of rotation around its sun - only 4.25 Earth hours. Every day a person would become three years older if he lived not on Earth, but on one of these planets. If people can adjust to the planetary year, then the best way is to go to Pluto. On this dwarf, the year is 248.59 Earth years.
Here on Earth, people take time for granted. But in reality, everything is based on an extremely complex system. For example, the way people calculate days and years follows from what is the distance between the planet and the Sun, from the time it takes the Earth to complete a revolution around the gas star, as well as the time it takes to complete a movement of 360 degrees around its axis. The same method applies to the rest of the planets in the solar system. Earthlings are used to thinking that a day contains 24 hours, but on other planets the length of a day is much different. In some cases they are shorter, in others they are longer, sometimes significantly. The solar system is full of surprises and it's time to explore.
Mercury
Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun. This distance can be from 46 to 70 million kilometers. Considering the fact that Mercury takes about 58 Earth days to turn 360 degrees, it is worth understanding that on this planet you will only be able to see the sunrise once every 58 days. But in order to describe the circle around the main luminary of the system, Mercury needs only 88 Earth days. This means that a year on this planet lasts about a day and a half.
Venus
Venus, also known as the "twin of the Earth", is the second planet from the Sun. The distance from it to the Sun is from 107 to 108 million kilometers. Unfortunately, Venus is also the slowest rotating planet, as can be seen when looking at its poles. While absolutely all planets in the solar system have experienced flattening at the poles due to their speed of rotation, Venus has no signs of it. As a result, Venus needs about 243 Earth days to go around the main luminary of the system once. It may sound strange, but the planet takes 224 days to complete a full rotation on its axis, which means only one thing: a day on this planet lasts longer than a year!
Earth
When it comes to days on Earth, people usually think of them as 24 hours, when in reality the rotation period is only 23 hours and 56 minutes. Thus, one day on Earth is equal to about 0.9 Earth days. It looks strange, but people always prefer simplicity and convenience over accuracy. However, things are not so simple, and the length of the day can vary - sometimes it even actually equals 24 hours.
Mars
In many ways, Mars can also be called the twin of the Earth. In addition to the fact that it has snow poles, a change of seasons and even water (albeit in a frozen state), a day on the planet is extremely close in duration to a day on Earth. A revolution on its axis takes Mars 24 hours, 37 minutes and 22 seconds. Thus, the day here is slightly longer than on Earth. As mentioned earlier, the seasonal cycles here are also very similar to the terrestrial ones, therefore, the options for the length of the day will be similar.
Jupiter
Given the fact that Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system, one would expect it to have incredibly long days. But in reality, everything is completely different: a day on Jupiter lasts only 9 hours, 55 minutes and 30 seconds, that is, one day on this planet is about a third of the earth's day. This is due to the fact that this gas giant has a very high rotation speed around its axis. It is because of this that very strong hurricanes are also observed on the planet.
Saturn
The situation on Saturn is very similar to that observed on Jupiter. Despite its large size, the planet has a low rotation speed, so it takes only 10 hours and 33 minutes for Saturn to rotate 360 degrees for one period. This means that one day on Saturn is less than half an earth day in duration. And, again, the high rotational speed leads to incredible hurricanes and even a constant eddy storm at the South Pole.
Uranus
When it comes to Uranus, the question of calculating the length of the day becomes difficult. On the one hand, the rotation time of the planet around its axis is 17 hours, 14 minutes and 24 seconds, which is slightly less than a standard Earth day. And this statement would be true if it were not for the strongest axial tilt of Uranus. The angle of this tilt is over 90 degrees. This means that the planet is moving past the main star of the system, actually on its side. Moreover, in this situation, one pole looks towards the Sun for a very long time - as much as 42 years. As a result, we can say that a day on Uranus lasts 84 years!
Neptune
Neptune is the last on the list, and this also raises the problem of measuring the length of the day. The planet makes a full rotation around its axis in 16 hours, 6 minutes and 36 seconds. However, there is a catch here - given the fact that the planet is a gas-ice giant, its poles rotate faster than the equator. Above, the time of rotation of the planet's magnetic field was indicated - its equator turns around in 18 hours, while the poles complete their circular rotation in 12 hours.
>> A Day on Mercury
- the first planet of the solar system. Description of the influence of the orbit, rotation and distance from the Sun, the day of Mercury with a photo of the planet.
Mercury is an example of a planet in the solar system that loves to go to extremes. This is the planet closest to our star, which is forced to experience strong temperature fluctuations. Moreover, while the illuminated side suffers from incandescence, the dark one freezes to critical levels. Therefore, it is not surprising that the day of Mercury does not fit into the standards.
How long is a day on Mercury
The situation with the Mercury's daily cycle does seem strange. The year spans 88 days, but the slow rotation doubles the day! If you were on the surface, you would watch the sunrise / sunset for 176 days!
Distance and orbital period
It is not only the first planet from the Sun, but also the owner of the most eccentric orbit. If the average distance extends to 57909050 km, then at perihelion it approaches 46 million km, and at aphelion it moves off by 70 million km.
Due to its proximity, the planet has the fastest orbital period, varying depending on its position in orbit. Shifts fastest at a short distance, and slows down at a distance. The average high-speed orbital index is 47322 km / s.
The researchers thought that Mercury repeats the situation of the Earth's moon and always faces the Sun with one side. But radar measurements in 1965 made it clear that the axial rotation was much slower.
Sidereal and sunny days
We now know that the resonance of axial and orbital rotation is 3: 2. That is, there are 3 revolutions in 2 orbits. At a speed mark of 10.892 km / h, one revolution around the axis takes 58.646 days.
But let's be more precise. The swift orbital speed and slow sidereal rotation make it so that a day on Mercury lasts 176 days... Then the ratio is 1: 2. Only the polar regions do not fit into this rule. For example, a crater on the north polar cap is always in the shadow. There, the temperature mark is low, therefore, it allows ice reserves to be saved.
In November 2012, the assumptions were confirmed when MESSENGER applied a spectrometer and examined ice and organic molecules.
Yes, add to all the oddities the fact that a day on Mercury spans 2 whole years.
The science
Imagine getting 3 years older every day. If you lived on one exoplanet, you would feel it yourself. Scientists have discovered a planet the size of Earth, which revolves around its star in just 8.5 hours.
The exoplanet, named Kepler 78b, is 700 light-years from Earth and has one of shortest orbital periods.
Since it is very close to its star, its surface temperature reaches 3000 degrees Kelvin or 2726 degrees Celsius.
In such an environment, the planet's surface is most likely completely molten, and is huge stormy ocean of very hot lava.
Exoplanets 2013
Finding the planet was not easy. Before finding the superhot exoplanet, scientists examined more than 150,000 stars that the Kepler telescope observed. Researchers are now looking at the telescope data in hopes find a planet the size of Earth that was potentially habitable.
Scientists have captured light reflected or emanating from the planet. They determined that Kepler 78b is 40 times closer to its star than Mercury is to our Sun.
In addition, the parent star is relatively young, as it rotates twice as fast as the Sun. This suggests that not so much time has passed for it to have time to slow down its progress.
In addition, scientists have discovered planet KOI 1843.03 with an even shorter orbital period, where the year lasts only 4.25 hours.
It is so close to its star that it is almost entirely made of iron, as something else would simply be destroyed by incredible tidal forces.
The planets of the solar system: how long is there a year?
The Earth is in constant motion: it rotates on its axis (day) and revolves around the Sun (year).
A year on Earth is the time it takes for our planet to make a revolution around the Sun, just over 365 days.
However, other planets in the solar system revolve around the sun at different speeds.
How long is a year on the planets of the solar system?
Mercury - 88 days
Venus - 224.7 days
Earth - 365, 26 days
Mars - 1.88 Earth years
Jupiter - 11.86 Earth years
Saturn - 29.46 Earth years
Uranus - 84 Earth Years
Neptune - 164.79 Earth years
Pluto (dwarf planet) - 248, 59 Earth years
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