Mycoplasmosis is a serious disease that carries the risk of complications without effective and competent treatment. This ailment is caused by the microorganism mycoplasma, which can be on the mucous membranes in the human body for a long time. If you suspect this disease, it is imperative to consult a doctor to identify mycoplasmosis and treat it in order to avoid serious consequences for the body.

What's this?

The disease is caused by the pathogen mycoplasma. Such microorganisms are of various types, but only a few of them are dangerous to humans - Mycoplasma Genitalium, Hominis, Pneumonia. It is these pathogens that pose a threat to humans and require treatment. They "settle" on the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system or respiratory tract (depending on the species, they choose different habitats).

Mycoplasmosis is a very serious disease that leads to inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system. It can cause female infertility and changes in the quality and quantity of semen in men. But this disease is especially dangerous for pregnant women. There is a threat of miscarriage, spontaneous miscarriages, as well as the occurrence of various fetal pathologies (including pneumonia, visual impairment).

Mycoplasmosis is transmitted in most cases through sexual contact, therefore, if an infection is detected, treatment of mycoplasma must be passed to both partners. The second most common is the vertical route of transmission, that is, from mother to child during pregnancy. The possibility of infection with a microorganism through the patient's personal belongings is not excluded, although it has not yet been possible to prove this route of transmission.

Risk factors for mycoplasmosis should also be noted:

• Reduced level of immunity;
• A history of abortion;
• Postponed surgical interventions;
• Pregnancy and childbirth;
• Diseases of an infectious nature.

Symptoms of the disease

In the overwhelming majority of cases, mycoplasmosis does not manifest itself for a long time, proceeding absolutely asymptomatic, in such cases it can be detected by accident. With an asymptomatic course of the disease, an exacerbation is also possible, the cause of which is stress, previous operations (mainly on the pelvic organs), as well as a decrease in immunity.

It is worth noting that the symptoms of mycoplasmosis in men and women are somewhat different.

Symptoms of the disease in women

In women, the infection manifests itself with symptoms such as:

• Clear or whitish vaginal discharge;
• The appearance of itching in the genitals;
• From the middle of your period to the end of your period, painful sensations may appear;
• A burning sensation when urinating;
• Pain in the lower abdomen;
• Painful sensations during intercourse.

Depending on how mycoplasma manifested itself, a woman may develop diseases such as urethritis, vaginitis, endometritis, adnexitis and others.

Symptoms of the disease in men

In men, mycoplasma can manifest itself with the following signs:

• Transparent discharge from the urethra;
• Redness of the mucous membrane around the urethra;
• A burning sensation, a tooth and soreness during urination;
• Redness of the scrotum;
• Painful sensations in the groin.

The presence of mycoplasma in the body can cause urethritis, orchitis, prostatitis and even infertility in men.

Complications of mycoplasmosis

If mycoplasma is detected, treatment must be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of a doctor. Otherwise, various serious complications may occur, including:

• Female infertility. It appears as a result of the development of endometritis or inflammatory processes in the fallopian tubes.
• Male infertility. Due to damage to the prostate and testicles, significant structural and quantitative changes in sperm parameters are possible, which leads to the impossibility of conception.
• Pregnancy pathologies, including miscarriages, as well as premature birth.
• The development of autoimmune diseases.

To avoid such serious complications, it is necessary immediately after the onset of symptoms of the disease to consult a doctor - a gynecologist for women or a urologist for men. Only a specialist will be able to determine how to cure mycoplasmosis, depending on its pathogen and sensitivity to drugs.

Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis

Modern medicine has several methods for detecting mycoplase in the human body. In addition to examining a doctor and collecting anamnesis, laboratory tests are also carried out, which can effectively determine the presence of a microorganism in various biological fluids of a person.

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How to recognize and treat mycoplasma pneumonia

One of the most effective methods for determining mycoplasma is bacteriological (cultural) examination of a smear, which is taken from women from the vagina, and from men from the urethra. This method makes it possible with a high probability to determine the presence of infection in the body, as well as to count the number of microorganisms in ml of taken biological fluid. A significant disadvantage of the method is its duration - it may take up to 10 days to obtain results.

The PCR method (polymerase chain reaction) is the most effective of all, since it is able to determine the presence of infection in the same liquids that are taken for the bacteriological method with a probability of up to 96%. This technique detects the presence of mycoplasma DNA, which is why it has such a high sensitivity. This method is the only one that helps to identify the presence of Mycoplasma genitalia, since with the culture method it will take up to 5 months to identify this type of bacteria.

Serological tests are carried out less frequently, as they have a lower efficiency. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detects the presence of antibodies to mycoplasma in the patient's blood. But this study can show the presence of antibodies even if the patient has previously met with an infection, but at the moment it is not. So, antibodies can be detected in the patient's blood if the patient has a history of cured mycoplasmosis.

If, as a result of the examination, mycoplasma is found in a person, it is necessary to begin adequate therapy that can defeat the infection in the patient's body.

How is mycoplasma treated?

When mycoplasmosis is detected, treatment is carried out exclusively with the use of antibacterial drugs - it is impossible to get rid of microorganisms without them. In some cases, the attending physician may prescribe a whole range of drugs, among which, in addition to antibiotics, there are probiotics, vitamins, and immunostimulating drugs.

"Treatment of mycoplasmosis is carried out with the mandatory intake of antibiotics."

Antibiotic therapy should be carried out exclusively under the supervision of the attending physician, since the self-administration of drugs may not only not cure the disease, but also harm the body. Moreover, when prescribing an antibiotic, the doctor relies on test data - the bacteriological method and PCR provide information about which antibacterial agents are effective in each specific case.

When treating mycoplasmosis with antibiotics, it is important to follow a few simple, but extremely important rules. First of all, you should strictly observe all the terms of taking medications prescribed by the doctor, their dosages. It is categorically impossible to change the drugs on your own - this can lead to a lack of effect from the treatment. If side effects appear, you must inform your doctor about them. It is strictly forbidden to consume alcoholic beverages during therapy.

Since mycoplasma is sexually transmitted, it is necessary to treat both partners. For the duration of treatment, it is recommended to refuse sexual intercourse, even if the partner is also being treated with an antibiotic.

With Mycoplasma Hominis, doctors prescribe metronidazole or clindamycin. A feature of the course of this disease is the possibility of using local drugs.

Popular antibacterial drugs that are used for this pathogen are:

• Trichopolus. Available in tablets. It allows you to cure not only mycoplasmosis, but also other diseases that often accompany this ailment - chlamydia, trichomoniasis and others. An important feature of the drug is the ability to use it in combination with other antibiotics to increase the effectiveness of treatment.
• Metrogyl. This medication is available in both tablets and gels. It shows a fairly high efficiency against mycoplasma. It can also be prescribed to men for external use.

For the treatment of Mycoplasma Genitalium, tetracycline antibacterial drugs and macrolides are prescribed.

Among the antibiotics active in this type of pathogen, the following are especially often used:

• Sumamed. It is used in the form of tablets in a course of 3 or 5 days (usually 1 tablet is drunk per day at the same time). A feature of this agent in the fight against mycoplasma is its ability to accumulate in cells and tissues, since this pathogen is an intracellular microorganism. This makes the drug highly effective.
• Azithromycin. The drug tends to penetrate into the tissues of the genitourinary system and accumulate there, which makes it possible to effectively eliminate all microorganisms with mycoplasmosis. For the same reason, this antibiotic is also indicated for the treatment of many other diseases of the reproductive system.
• Doxycycline. Usually, its use is prescribed in capsules, washed down with water; in rare cases, intravenous administration of an antibiotic may be indicated. This medication can be used by pregnant and nursing mothers. The standard course of treatment with this drug is 14 days.
• Wilprafen. It is produced in the form of tablets, which must be taken at intervals of 12 hours (twice a day) for at least 10 days (the duration of the course is prescribed by the attending physician). It can be used by children from infancy (a suspension is produced for children).
• Amoxiclav. the drug is rapidly absorbed, so it begins to act quickly enough. Especially often it is prescribed to women, since it tends to accumulate in the ovaries and uterus, exerting its effect. For the same reason, it is not prescribed during pregnancy.
• Tetracycline. Can be used in tablets and topical ointments. It is very effective in mycoplasmosis, as it very effectively defeats these microorganisms.

Mycoplasma pneumonia requires an integrated approach to the elimination of pathogens. Treatment of atypical pneumonia depends entirely on the results of the diagnosis, the presence of chronic diseases and the general condition of the patient.

• At the first stage, antibacterial drugs are prescribed to destroy the mycoplasma infection. The most commonly used antibiotics of the tetracycline series. To determine the most suitable drug, sputum culture for antibiotic susceptibility is shown.
• At the second stage, expectorant drugs are prescribed to patients to dilute and accelerate the discharge of sputum, that is, to improve the drainage function of the bronchi. Also, to eliminate painful symptoms, anti-inflammatory and antihistamines are prescribed.
• To accelerate recovery, it is recommended to take fortifying and fortified drugs. They increase the protective properties of the immune system. Detoxification therapy is recommended, that is, drinking plenty of fluids to remove metabolic products of viruses and bacteria. In especially severe cases, specific immunopreparations are prescribed.

To improve the patient's condition, special physiotherapy procedures are prescribed: breathing exercises, vacuum massage, physical education, mustard plasters, compresses. There are also unconventional herbal treatments. An integrated approach to treatment allows you to eliminate the disease without serious complications.

Treatment regimens for mycoplasma pneumonia

After the diagnostics, the doctor evaluates the results obtained and draws up a therapy plan. Treatment regimens for mycoplasma pneumoniae depend on the neglect and severity of the disease state, the characteristics of the patient's body and the presence of concomitant pathologies.

The disease requires etiotropic treatment. To eliminate mycoplasmosis, antibiotics from the group of macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines are used, both for oral and intramuscular administration. The course of treatment is on average 10-14 days.

Patients may be prescribed the following drugs:

• Azithromycin 250 mg once a day.
• Clarithromycin 500 mg 1 to 2 times a day.
• Erythromycin 500 mg 3-4 times a day.
• Levofloxacin 500 mg once a day.
• Doxycycline 100 mg 1-2 times a day.

The treatment regimen for atypical inflammation in severe form consists of cephalosporin antibiotics and Levofloxacin.

Determination of antibiotic susceptibility

When choosing drugs for the elimination of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, the determination of antibiotic sensitivity is shown. At the initial stage, bacterial inoculation is carried out to determine the type of pathogen and its concentration in the body. This method has a high specificity with the ability to study any biological fluid.

For bacteriological culture, sputum, mucus from the nose and throat are used. The collected material is placed in special media for decoding bacterial cultures. If necessary, microscopy of the obtained material can be carried out with color, assessment of the shape, color and density of bacterial colonies.

After the pathogen is established, its sensitivity to antibiotics is determined using intradermal samples, mucus from the nasopharynx, blood and exudate secreted during coughing. The resulting antibioticogram takes into account the resistance of bacteria, that is, resistance to the pathogen. Thanks to this, you can choose the most suitable drug for the treatment and its dosage.

Medications

Drug therapy for mycoplasma pneumonia is carried out from the first days of the disease. Medicines are selected by a doctor, individually for each patient. Treatment consists of taking the following groups of drugs:

Antibiotics

1. Azithromycin

A broad-spectrum antibacterial agent from the macrolide group. Getting into the foci of inflammation creates high concentrations, providing a bactericidal effect.

• Indications for use: infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract and ENT organs, scarlet fever, infections of the skin and soft tissues, infections of the genitourinary system, Lyme disease.
• Method of application: on the first day of therapy, 500 mg, on the second 250 mg, and from the third to the fifth, 500 mg per day. The course dose, as well as the duration of treatment, is determined by the doctor for each patient individually.
• Side effects: nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, increased gas production, increased activity of liver enzymes, allergic skin rashes.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the medication, severe renal and liver dysfunction, pregnancy and lactation. With extreme caution, it is prescribed for patients with a history of allergic reactions.

The drug is available in the form of tablets, capsules and syrup in vials.

1. Clarithromycin

Macrolide, a semi-synthetic derivative of erythromycin. Has an extended spectrum of antibacterial action, with the creation of maximum concentrations in the lesions.

• Indications for use: pneumonia (including atypical forms), sinusitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, folliculitis, streptoderma, erysipelas, dental infections, local and widespread mycobacterial infections.
• Method of application: 250 mg twice a day. In severe cases, the dosage may be increased. The drug is taken regardless of food, with water. The duration of therapy is 5-14 days.
• Side effects: pain in the epigastric region, nausea and vomiting, changes in taste, fungal infections of the oral mucosa. Headaches and dizziness, increased anxiety, disorders of the cardiovascular system, and allergic skin reactions are also possible.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, the age of patients under 12 years of age, the first trimester of pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. For treatment, gastric lavage and further symptomatic therapy are recommended.

The medicine is available in tablet form with an enteric coating of 250 and 500 mg.

1. Spiramycin

Antibiotic macrolide with bacteriostatic properties. The destruction of pathogens occurs due to inhibition of intracellular protein synthesis. The drug is active against mycoplasma pneumonia, but is resistant to pseudomonads, enterobacteria spiramycin.

• Indications for use: atypical pneumonia (associated with legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydial infection), pharyngitis, bronchitis, toxoplasmosis, skin and soft tissue infections, tonsillitis, arthritis, urethritis, otitis media, ENT diseases and gynecological infections.
• The method of administration and dosage are set individually for each patient. Duration of treatment is 10-14 days, prophylactic course is 5 days.
• Side effects: skin rashes, ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, transient paresthesias, angioedema, thrombocytopenia. Overdose is manifested by an increase in the above reactions. There is no antidote, the treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to drug components, pediatric practice, pregnancy and lactation, G6PD deficiency. With extreme caution, it is prescribed for liver failure and obstruction of the biliary tract.

Available in tablets, 10 capsules per pack.

If the disease is mild, then oral antibacterial drugs are prescribed: tablets, syrups. With a complicated course, intramuscular injections are indicated.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

They are used to eliminate pronounced intoxication syndrome: fever, chills, fever.

1. Ibuprofen

Pain reliever, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent. Its mechanism of action is based on inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis through inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme.

• Indications for use: neuralgia, complex therapy of diseases of the ENT organs, traumatic inflammation of soft tissues and the musculoskeletal system, bursitis, sciatica, arthritis, adnexitis, osteoarthritis, toothache and headache.
• Method of application: for moderate pain syndrome, take 400 mg 2-3 times a day. The maximum daily dosage should not exceed 2.4 g.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn and other gastrointestinal disorders. Headaches and sleep disturbances, allergic skin reactions. In rare cases, there are erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchospasm.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the drug, diseases of the optic nerve, severe renal / liver dysfunction, patients under 6 years of age, hematopoietic disorders, "aspirin" triad. Application during pregnancy and lactation is possible only for medical purposes.
• Overdose: abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, headaches and tinnitus, acute renal failure, respiratory arrest, metabolic acidosis, lethargy. For treatment, gastric lavage and further symptomatic therapy are indicated.

Ibuprofen is available as enteric coated tablets with 200 mg of active ingredient in each capsule.

1. Paracetamol

Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Its mechanism of action is based on inhibition of the thermoregulatory center and inhibition of the synthesis of inflammatory mediators and prostaglandins.

• Indications for use: symptomatic therapy of pain syndrome of various origins, conditions with hyperthermic reactions in infectious and inflammatory pathologies.
• The method of application depends on the form of release of the drug. For example, tablets are taken at 350-500 mg 3-4 times a day. The maximum daily dosage is 3-4 g. The medicine is taken after meals with some liquid.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, increased drowsiness, renal colic, anemia, leukopenia, allergic skin reactions, muscle weakness.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the medication, renal and hepatic failure. It is prescribed with extreme caution during pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: increased drowsiness, pallor of the skin, nausea, vomiting and dizziness, toxic effects on the liver.

Paracetamol has the following forms of release: enteric-coated tablets, capsules and syrup for oral administration, rectal suppositories.

1. Nimesulide

NSAIDs from the sulfonanilide group. It is used to eliminate pain of various origins, arthralgia and myalgia. The analgesic effect develops within 20 minutes. The medicine is taken at 100 mg 3-4 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 400 mg.

• Side effects: increased drowsiness, dizziness and headaches, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, allergic skin reactions. Pathological changes in the blood picture are also possible.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to drug components, pregnancy and lactation, children under 12 years of age, renal and hepatic failure. With extreme caution, it is prescribed for ulcerative changes in the gastrointestinal tract, heart failure, arterial hypertension.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal tract bleeding, acute renal failure, respiratory depression, increased drowsiness, allergic reactions. Symptomatic therapy is indicated for treatment.

Available in the form of a suspension for the preparation of an oral solution, tablets and an external gel.

To enhance the antipyretic effect, the above NSAIDs are combined with antispasmodics and antihistamines.

Cough medicines

Antitussives work on the site of inflammation in the lungs. Their mechanism of action is mucolytic, expectorant and muconitic effect. Medicines inhibit the cough reflex, regulate the function of sputum production and metabolism in the epithelial cells that line the respiratory tract.

1. Bronchicum

A drug with antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, expectorant and phlegm-thinning properties. Effectively eliminates painful paroxysmal cough.

Indications for use: paroxysmal cough, acute and chronic lesions of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The method of administration and dosage are individual for each patient. Side effects are manifested in the form of irritation of the gastric mucosa. Available in the form of drops and an oral elixir.

1. Carbocisteine

Mucolytic agent, dilutes bronchial secretions and accelerates its excretion from the body. Normalizes the chemical and physical characteristics of sputum. It is used for diseases of the respiratory system with the release of a large viscous secretion. Patients are prescribed 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day until the desired therapeutic effect is achieved.

Side effects are manifested by skin allergic reactions and gastrointestinal disorders. The medicine is contraindicated in ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum. Not prescribed during pregnancy and lactation. Carbocisteine ​​is available in capsule and syrup form in oral vials.

1. Bromhexine

A drug that increases the secretion of secretions by the bronchial glands. Reduces the viscosity of phlegm and has a pronounced expectorant effect. It is used for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs, bronchi and trachea. It is prescribed for bronchiectasis, bronchography.

Bromhexine is taken 4-8 mg 3-4 times a day. For patients under 2 years of age, the medicine is prescribed in the form of a syrup. Side effects are manifested by attacks of nausea and vomiting, various dyspeptic disorders and allergic reactions.

There are no absolute contraindications for taking the medication. With extreme caution, it is prescribed for hypersensitivity to the drug, gastrointestinal bleeding, in the early stages of pregnancy and with peptic ulcer of the stomach. The medicine is available in tablet and syrup form.

Bronchodilators

This group of drugs is most often prescribed for the treatment of atypical inflammation of the respiratory system in pediatric patients and with a predisposition to bronchial hyperreactivity.

1. Berodual

Expands the lumen of the bronchi with the help of active substances - ipratropium bromide and fenoterol. The interaction of these components is effective in the bronchodilator therapy of diseases with increased bronchial muscle tone.

• Indications for use: complex supportive therapy and prevention of respiratory failure in pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchopulmonary diseases, bronchial asthma. It is also prescribed for the preparation of the airways for aerosol administration of drugs.
• The method of administration and dosage are individual for each patient, since they depend on the severity of the disease state and other characteristics of the patient's body. To enhance the therapeutic effect, the drug is recommended to be taken with corticosteroids.
• Side effects: temporary impairment of visual perception, tremor of the limbs, dry mouth, heart palpitations, increased intraocular pressure.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, the first and last trimester of pregnancy. It is forbidden to take with xanthine derivatives and non-cardioselective beta-blockers.

It is produced in the form of an aerosol for inhalation and a solution for inhalation in 20 ml vials.

1. Euphyllin

Relieves spasms of smooth muscles of the bronchi, relaxing muscle tissue. Reduces pressure in the pulmonary artery system, dilates the heart vessels. Has a moderate diuretic effect and inhibits platelet aggregation.

• Indications for use: bronchial asthma and bronchospasm, hypertension in the pulmonary circulation, cardiac asthma, respiratory disorders. It is prescribed to relieve cerebral vascular crises, improve renal blood flow.
• The method of application depends on the form of release of the drug. In acute attacks of bronchial asthma, the drug is administered intravenously, in other cases orally or intramuscularly. The dosage is determined by the doctor for each patient separately.
• Side effects: indigestion, headaches and dizziness, convulsions, heart palpitations.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components, low blood pressure, tachycardia, epilepsy, coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmias.

Euphyllin has several forms of release: powder for solution preparation, tablets for oral administration, ampoules and solution.

1. Fenoterol

Bronchial beta-adrenoreceptor stimulant. Expands the lumen of the bronchi, effectively relieves bronchospasm of various origins, asthma attacks. Increases breathing rate and volume. The therapeutic effect lasts for 6-8 hours.

• Indications for use: relief of attacks of bronchial asthma, infectious lung diseases with shortness of breath, pulmonary emphysema.
• Method of administration: single doses of 0.2 mg aerosol are prescribed for adults and children over 6 years of age. If, after a single inhalation, the attack of suffocation does not go away, then after 5-7 minutes the inhalation can be repeated.
• Side effects: tremors of the limbs, increased anxiety, heart palpitations, fatigue, headache and increased sweating.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, arrhythmia, severe atherosclerosis.

The medicine is intended for inhalation, therefore it is produced in aerosol cans of 15 ml. Each package contains 300 single doses. There is also a tablet form of release and ampoules for injection.

Antibiotics for mycoplasma pneumonia

Antibiotic therapy is the main method for eliminating pathogens. Antibiotics for mycoplasma pneumonia are selected by a doctor, individually for each patient. When choosing a drug, the severity of the disease, the presence of chronic pathologies and other characteristics of the patient's body are taken into account.

Consider the main types of antibiotics used to kill Mycoplasma pneumoniae:

Tetracyclines

1. Doxibene

Antimicrobial agent with bacteriostatic properties. Contains an active ingredient - doxycycline. Its mechanism of action is based on inhibition of protein synthesis in the cells of pathogens. The drug is active against most gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria sensitive to the drug. It is prescribed for atypical forms of pneumonia, typhus, bacterial conjunctivitis, Lyme disease. Effective in otolaryngological, urological, venereal and gynecological practice.
• Method of application: for patients weighing more than 70 kg, 200 mg per day is prescribed at a time or divided into two doses. Patients weighing from 50 to 70 kg, 200 mg on the first day of therapy, followed by a dosage of 100 mg per day. For patients less than 50 kg, 4 mg / kg body weight. The course of treatment is 7-14 days.
• Side effects: disorders of the cardiovascular system, decreased visual acuity, leukopenia, leukocytosis, paresthesia, convulsions, increased pressure and irritability. There are also possible disorders of the urinary system, skin allergic reactions, muscle pain, candidiasis.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, severe liver and kidney dysfunction, patients under 8 years of age, pregnancy and lactation. With extreme caution, it is prescribed for arrhythmias, for patients exposed to excessive ultraviolet radiation.
• Overdose: impaired liver and gastrointestinal tract function. There is no specific antidote, gastric lavage and further symptomatic therapy are indicated.

Doxibene is available in the form of capsules for oral administration of 100 and 200 mg of the active ingredient.

1. Doxycycline

Semisynthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic with bacteriostatic properties. It is active against gram-positive microorganisms, aerobic and anaerobic cocci, aerobic and anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, as well as Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

• Indications for use: acute bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, pleural empyema, infections of the gastrointestinal tract and ENT organs, urinary tract. Effective for inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, purulent infections of soft tissues. Also used in the prevention of surgical infections.
• Method of application: the drug is taken orally after meals with water to reduce irritation of the esophagus. The medicine is taken at 100-200 mg, depending on the severity of the disease. The course of treatment is 10-14 days.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, stool disorders, skin allergic reactions, rashes, excessive sweating, headaches and dizziness.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, the last trimesters of pregnancy and lactation, the age of patients up to 9 years. Leukopenia, severe renal failure, porphyria.

The drug is available in the form of oral capsules.

1. Minocycline

An antibacterial agent that stops the growth of bacteria and has a broad spectrum of action. It is active against most pathogens.

• Indications for use: infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, psittacosis, infectious-allergic disease, inflammation of the urinary tract, conjunctivitis, trachoma, inflammation of the inguinal lymph nodes, brucellosis, infections of the skin and soft tissues, meningococcal infection.
• Method of application: dosage is 200 mg on the first day of treatment and 100 mg on subsequent days. Duration of treatment is 5-12 days.
• Side effects: disturbances in appetite and stool, nausea, vomiting, increased activity of liver enzymes, skin allergic reactions, joint and muscle pain.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to drugs from the tetracyclines group, pregnancy and lactation, patients' age up to 8 years.

The medicine has a tablet form of release in packs of 50 and 100 pieces. There is also a suspension for oral administration in 5 ml vials.

Macrolides

1. Azicin

Broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. Contains an active ingredient - azithromycin. Possesses high acid resistance. It inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogens.

• Indications for use: pulmonary mycoplasmosis and other diseases of the respiratory system, infections of soft tissues and skin, urethritis, colpitis, bacterial prostatitis, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, the initial stages of Lyme disease.
• Method of application: the medicine is taken on an empty stomach with plenty of liquid. In case of infectious pathology of the respiratory tract, 500 mg is prescribed for three days. The total course dose is 1500 mg. For children, the drug is prescribed at a dosage of 10 mg / kg body weight once a day, the duration of therapy is 3 days.
• Side effects: dizziness and headaches, insomnia, irritability, tremors of the extremities. Tachycardia, neutropenia, gastrointestinal and liver disorders, conjunctivitis, allergic skin reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, patients' age up to 3 years, pregnancy and lactation, severe liver dysfunction.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, temporary hearing impairment, hepatitis. There is no specific antidote, gastric lavage and enterosorbents are taken.

The medicine has a tablet form of release of 3 capsules in a blister, 1 blister in a package.

1. Macropen

Macrolide antibiotic to the active ingredient - midecamycin. Possesses a wide spectrum of action. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, reaching a maximum concentration in 1-2 hours. An increased content of the drug is observed in places of inflammation, in bronchial secretions and in the skin.

• Indications for use: infections of the respiratory tract, mucous membranes and skin, genitourinary system, diphtheria, whooping cough and other infectious pathologies caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug.
• The method of administration and dosage is calculated individually for each patient. This takes into account the age of the infected and the severity of the painful condition. The course of treatment does not exceed 7-12 days.
• Side effects: impaired appetite, nausea and vomiting, skin allergic reactions, increased levels of liver enzymes.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, severe hepatic impairment. The medicine is taken during pregnancy when the potential benefit to the mother is greater than the risks to the fetus.
• Overdose: nausea and vomiting. There is no specific antidote. Shows the reception of sorbents to accelerate the elimination of the drug from the body.

Macropen is available in the form of tablets of 400 mg of the active ingredient each and in the form of granules for the preparation of a suspension.

1. Roxithromycin

Semi-synthetic antibacterial agent. Has a broad spectrum of action against most pathogens.

• Indications for use: infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, including atypical forms. Infections of the skin and soft tissues, the genitourinary tract. Prevention of meningococcal meningitis.
• Method of application: adult patients are prescribed 150 mg twice a day before meals. In severe cases, the dosage may be increased.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, painful sensations in the abdomen, skin allergic reactions, a transient increase in the level of alkaline phosphatase and transaminases.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to drug components, pregnancy and lactation. It is prescribed with caution for patients with a history of allergic reactions.

Roxithromycin has a tablet form of release with different dosages.

Fluoroquinolones

1. Gatispan

Antibacterial agent with a wide spectrum of action. After oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The absolute bioavailability is over 96%. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is reached within 2-3 hours after ingestion. Plasma protein binding is about 20%. It is excreted in the form of metabolites in the urine and feces.

• Indications for use: pneumonia, bronchitis, COPD, cystic fibrosis, lung abscess, sinusitis. Infections of the urinary system, skin and soft tissues, chronic infections of the urinary tract, bones and joints, STDs.
• Method of application: the medicine is taken in a dose of 200-400 mg once a day. The course of treatment depends on the medical indications, the severity of the disease and the characteristics of the patient's body.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, impaired appetite and stool, flatulence, gastritis, stomatitis, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract. Sleep disturbances, increased anxiety, headaches and dizziness, muscle cramps. Arterial hypertension, bone pain, bronchospasm, swelling of the face and mucous membranes, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: patients' age up to 18 years, pregnancy and lactation, individual intolerance to the components of the drug.
• Overdose is manifested by more pronounced adverse reactions. To improve the patient's condition, gastric lavage and further symptomatic therapy are recommended.

Gatispan is available in the form of enteric-coated tablets with 200 and 400 mg of active ingredient each.

1. Zoflox

A drug with a fluoroquinolone derivative and bactericidal effect. It has a wide spectrum of action, but is especially active against mycobacterium atypical pneumonia and beta-lactamases.

• Indications for use: pneumonia, bronchitis, orchitis, sinusitis, urethritis, soft tissue infections and dermatological lesions of an infectious nature, pyelonephritis, joint infections. It is used for the prevention of infectious complications in immunodeficiency states.
• Method of application: tablets are taken orally, and solution for infusion is intravenous drip. The standard dosage is 200-600 mg / day, the course of treatment is 8-10 days.
• Side effects: allergic skin reactions, various disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system, pain in the abdominal region, tremors of the extremities, paresthesias and more.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, recent traumatic brain injury, history of epilepsy and stroke, inflammation in the central nervous system, pediatric practice, pregnancy and lactation. With extreme caution, it is prescribed for violations of cerebral circulation.
• Overdose: symptoms of CNS depression, nausea and vomiting. Symptomatic treatment, gastric lavage. Hemodialysis is ineffective.

Zoflox is available in tablets and in the form of a solution for infusion.

1. Factual

Broad-spectrum antibiotic. It is used for many infectious diseases, including atypical pneumonia.

• Indications for use: diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug, community-acquired pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, sinusitis in the acute stage.

• Method of application: tablets are taken orally, regardless of food, without chewing. The daily dosage is 320 mg, the course of treatment is 7-10 days. In severe renal impairment, the dose should be reduced to 160 mg.

• Side effects: allergic skin reactions, digestive system disorders, flatulence. In rare cases, the drug causes malignant exudative erythema, impaired appetite, increased activity of liver enzymes. Overdose is manifested by an increase in the above reactions. Treatment is symptomatic.

• Contraindications: allergy to drug components and other fluoroquinolones. Prolonged QT interval and tendon pathology. The medicine is not used in pediatric practice. It is prescribed with extreme caution for patients with epilepsy, with a tendency to seizures, arrhythmias. Not prescribed during pregnancy and lactation.

Faktiv is available in the form of enteric-coated tablets of 160 and 360 mg of active ingredient. One package can contain 5 or 7 tablets of the drug.

Wilprafen

An antibacterial agent from the macrolide group. Wilprafen possesses bacteriostatic properties, which are due to the inhibition of protein synthesis by bacteria. It is highly active against most intracellular pathogens, including mycoplasma pneumonia.

After oral administration, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the maximum concentration in the blood plasma is observed 1-2 hours after ingestion. Plasma protein binding is at the level of 15%. The active ingredient, josamycin, penetrates well through biological membranes and accumulates in tissues. Especially high concentrations are determined in the lungs, saliva, sweat, tears. Absorbed in the liver, excreted in the bile and urine in the form of active metabolites.

• Indications for use: atypical form of pneumonia, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, diphtheria, scarlet fever, bronchitis, whooping cough, gingivitis, skin and soft tissue infections, urethritis, gonorrhea, prostatitis. The drug is effective for mycoplasma, ureaplasma, chlamydial and mixed infections of the genitourinary system.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the age of the patient. For patients over 14 years of age, 500 mg is prescribed 2-4 times a day. Tablets are recommended to be taken between meals with water. For patients under 14 years of age and infants, the medicine is prescribed in the form of a suspension. The daily dosage is 30 mg / kg of body weight in three doses. The course of treatment is 5-10 days.
• Side effects: appetite disorders, nausea, vomiting, dysbiosis, impaired bile outflow, allergic reactions, hearing impairment, candidiasis. An overdose manifests itself with the same symptoms. Treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: individual intolerance to the components of the drug, severe liver dysfunction. The use of an antibiotic during pregnancy and lactation is possible only for medical prescription, taking into account the risks to the fetus.

Vilprafen is available in the form of tablets and oral suspension.

Klacid

Semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic with an active substance - clarithromycin. Possesses antibacterial properties, inhibits the synthesis of bacterial proteins. The tablets are a homogeneous crystalline mass. The active ingredient is released when passing through the gastrointestinal tract and has a broad antibacterial effect.

• Indications for use: pneumonia, bronchitis, polysinusitis, pharyngitis, monosinusitis, skin and soft tissue infections, chlamydial infections of the urogenital tract, stomach and duodenal ulcers.
• Method of application: one capsule at a dosage of 500 mg 1-2 times a day. The tablets should be taken with meals, swallowing whole, that is, without breaking or chewing.
• Side effects: ventricular arrhythmia and tachycardia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, stomatitis and pancreatitis, oral candidiasis. Headaches and dizziness, increased anxiety, insomnia, tinnitus and ringing in the ears, seizures, temporary hearing impairment and allergic skin reactions may also occur. Treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to active ingredients, severe renal failure, porphyria, pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: a decrease in potassium in the body and a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. For treatment, gastric lavage with further supportive therapy is indicated.

Klacid is available in the form of tablets of 500 mg in a blister of 5, 10 and 14 pieces, 1-2 blisters per pack.

Sumamed

A broad-spectrum antibiotic from the macrolide group. Getting into the focus of inflammation creates high concentrations, providing a bactericidal effect. Sumamed is active against gram-positive cocci, streptococci, gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic microorganisms, including Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

When administered orally, it is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, since it is resistant to an acidic environment and lipophilic. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is reached after 2-3 hours, bioavailability is 35%. The active components of the drug are quickly distributed throughout the body, penetrating into the respiratory tract, organs and tissues of the urogenital tract, skin and soft tissues.

The concentration of the active substance in the foci of infection is 25% higher than in healthy tissues.

The main feature of Sumamed is that its bactericidal concentrations remain in the focus of inflammation for 5-7 days, which allows for short courses of treatment.

• Indications for use: pathologies of an infectious nature caused by pathogens that are sensitive to the drug. The medicine is prescribed for infections of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs, for infections of the lower respiratory tract, SARS, infections of the skin and soft tissues, infections of the urinary tract, Lyme disease.
• Method of application: the drug is taken once a day one hour before meals or 2-3 hours after meals. With pneumonia, adult patients are prescribed 500 mg, and for children, 10 mg / kg for 3 days.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, stool disorders, increased gas production, transient increase in the activity of liver enzymes, skin rashes. Treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to drug components and macrolides. It is prescribed with caution in case of severe impairment of kidney and liver function, as well as in case of a history of allergic reactions to the drug. The use of Sumamed during pregnancy is possible only for medical prescription, when the potential benefit outweighs the possible risks.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, temporary hearing impairment. For treatment, gastric lavage and further symptomatic therapy are indicated.

Available in the form of tablets for oral administration of 125, 250 and 500 mg, as well as capsules for oral administration of 250 mg. Children's form of release - vials of powder for suspension preparation. Dispensed from their pharmacies on a medical prescription.

Vitamins

Atypical pneumonia, like any other disease, requires an integrated approach to treatment. Vitamins are necessary to normalize metabolism and improve the body's tolerance of antibacterial drugs. Beneficial substances not only promote recovery, but also increase the protective properties of the immune system.

Most often, patients are prescribed the following vitamins:

• A, C, E - reduce the degree of damage to the vascular membranes and improve their condition.
• B1 - reduces the accumulation of metabolic products of pathogens. Normalizes the metabolism of the liver of the heart.
• B2 - improves the condition of the mucous membranes of internal organs and skin, activates metabolic processes.
• B6 - enhances metabolic processes, regulates the work of the central nervous system.
• B12 - regulates hematopoiesis and metabolic processes, improves the functioning of the central nervous system, liver and other organs.

Multivitamin complexes have a complex effect: Multi-tabs, Vitrum, Neurovitan, Duovit and others. Along with vitamins and minerals, a balanced diet should be followed to improve well-being and prevent infectious processes.

Physiotherapy treatment

To speed up recovery and minimize the risk of developing severe complications of pneumonia, physiotherapy is recommended. Physiotherapy treatment has a desensitizing and bacteriostatic effect, helps to strengthen the immune system.

With mycoplasma pneumonia, the following methods can be prescribed:

• Inductothermy - the lesion is affected by a high-frequency magnetic field. This enhances microcirculation and lymph drainage, reduces bronchospasm, increases metabolism and improves sputum discharge. Physiotherapy promotes muscle relaxation, relieves inflammation.
• UHF electromagnetic field - used in acute inflammation. The electric field reduces tissue swelling and exudation, restores microcirculation.
• Ultraviolet irradiation - has anti-inflammatory properties and promotes resorption of infiltrates, activates local blood circulation. The radiation is directed to the anterior and posterior surfaces of the chest.
• Electrophoresis - this method is very often combined with an UHF electromagnetic field. The procedure is based on the effect on the body of a drug through which an electric current is passed. It has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
• Decimeter wave treatment - has anti-inflammatory effect, improves tissue metabolism and increases blood circulation in the lungs. The procedure has pronounced anti-inflammatory properties.
• Magnetotherapy is prescribed for severe intoxication processes. Relieves swelling, improves metabolic processes and capillary blood circulation.
• Thermal applications - are prescribed to eliminate the residual symptoms of the disease. Applications of mud, paraffin and other active ingredients are applied to the chest.
• Inhalation is the most affordable, but at the same time effective physiotherapy. The method improves the functioning of the upper breathing and has a bacteriostatic effect. The effect on the affected mucous membranes occurs by inhalation of medications.

Physiotherapy treatment is carried out only according to a medical prescription, since it has certain contraindications: high body temperature, bleeding, heart or pulmonary failure of 2-3 degrees, severe cardiovascular disorders, bullous emphysema of the lungs, neoplasms, blood diseases. The duration of therapy and the frequency of treatment procedures are individual for each patient.

Traditional treatment

One of the unconventional, but rather popular methods of eliminating SARS is alternative treatment. Most often, with mycoplasma respiratory tract infection, the following recipes are used:

• Dissolve a teaspoon of honey in a glass of warm water and add a couple of drops of lemon juice. Drink the drink 3-4 times a day during the entire course of treatment and after it.
• Pour 2 figs in a glass of milk and simmer for 15-20 minutes. Take the product ½ cup 2 times a day.
• Take 50 g of walnuts and pour 500 ml of red wine over them. Simmer the product over low heat for 20-30 minutes. Take a tablespoon over the course of 2-3 months.
• Grind a couple of aloe leaves thoroughly and mix with a glass of honey. Add 500 ml of warm water to the mixture and simmer for 1-2 hours over low heat. The finished medicine should be consumed 1-2 tablespoons 2-3 times a day. The product can be stored in the refrigerator.
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• Pour 1 liter of purified water into 2 parts of St. John's wort, 3 parts of black elderberry and 4 parts of herbaceous elderberry roots. Boil the product for 20-30 minutes, strain and consume throughout the day.
• Take equal parts of wintergreen, upland uterus and winter lover. Pour the mixture with 750 ml of boiling water and leave to cool. Strain and take 100 ml 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 28 days.
• Blue cornflower has pronounced medicinal properties. Pour 500 ml of boiling water over two tablespoons of dried flowers, wrap thoroughly. After cooling, strain and take ½ cup 3-4 times a day.
• Herbal inhalations have healing properties. Mix the following herbs in equal proportions: chamomile, St. John's wort, calendula, celandine, pine needles, eucalyptus. Pour boiling water over the raw materials. Inhalation should last 10-20 minutes, procedures should be carried out daily. The infusion can be used to flush the sinuses and gargle.
• The medicinal collection of mint, lemon balm, chestnut color and willow-herb has immunomodulatory properties. Take 5 tablespoons of the mixture and pour 1 liter of boiling water over it. It is better to insist the product in a thermos. After 2-3 hours, strain and take 150 ml 3-4 times a day.

Before carrying out herbal treatment, you should consult with your doctor, as some herbal components can cause allergic reactions and other adverse reactions.

Homeopathy

Treatment of atypical pneumonia requires a comprehensive, comprehensive approach. Homeopathy is an alternative therapy. To eliminate the infectious process, the following drugs are used:

• Aconite - prescribed at the initial stage of the disease, can be replaced by Brionia or Belladonna.
• Phosphorus, Ipecacuana - used for sputum with bloody clots.
• Sanguinaria - the secreted exudate has a rusty tint.
• Antimonium Tartaricum - the disease proceeds with moist wheezing, heavy breathing and poor sputum discharge.
• Veratrum Viride, Camphor - pneumonia with severe cardiovascular failure.
• Iodum, Kalium Yodatum - paroxysmal cough with severe chest pains, fever.

If antibiotic therapy is ineffective in eliminating the infection, then homeo-drugs can be prescribed: Sulfur, Arsenicum Album, Iodatum and others. All medicines are used only as directed by a homeopath, who selects the dosage and determines the duration of treatment.

Surgery

To eliminate Mycoplasma pneumoniae, drug therapy is indicated. Surgical treatment is carried out only in the presence of serious complications, such as:

1. Lung abscess - inflammation of the lung tissue with the formation and melting of purulent-necrotic cavities. For treatment, bronchoscopy is performed with aspiration and rinsing of the cavities with antiseptic solutions. If the lesion is large, then transthoracic puncture is indicated. In especially severe cases, a resection is performed, that is, the removal of a part of an organ.
2. Empyema of the pleura is an accumulation of pus in the anatomical cavities of the lung. Treatment is aimed at removing purulent exudate, straightening organ tissues and reducing signs of intoxication. For this, a thoracostomy is performed, that is, open drainage. Pleurectomy, lung resection, interpleural thoracoplasty, and bronchopleural fistula closure are also possible.
3. Synpneumonic pleurisy is a purulent complication caused by an infectious agent. For treatment, intrapleural administration of antibiotics and drainage of the lung is indicated. When draining, an underwater valve is installed with the help of which the amount of sputum is noted. The drainage is removed after the termination of the exudation process.
4. Pyopneumothorax is a breakthrough of the contents of the pulmonary cavity into the pleural cavity. Treatment consists of draining the purulent cavity and eliminating painful symptoms. With a tension pneumothorax, an emergency decompression is performed, that is, the installation of a drainage.
5. Cancer - oncological complications of mycoplasma pneumonia are extremely rare. Surgical treatment is the main therapy in combination with chemotherapy. The operation is aimed at removing the tumor formation with the affected part of the organ.

By itself, the detection of mycoplasma in a patient is not a reason for treatment, therefore sumamed for mycoplasmosis, like other broad-spectrum antibiotics, is prescribed only if such diseases as pyelonephritis, inflammation of the appendages and uterus, gardnerellosis, urethritis and other causes that are hidden in pathogenic microflora in the form of this bacteria. Of course, mycoplasma does not always lead to the occurrence of such diseases, but this possibility should not be dismissed.

Sumamed treatment of mycoplasma, today, is one of the most common methods of therapy for this microflora. This drug belongs to the subgroup of macrolide antibiotics, a feature of which is the provision of a bactericidal effect when a high concentration is accumulated in inflamed tissues.

Sumamed can be produced in five different forms - in tablets of 500 and 125 mg, 1 type in capsules of 250 mg and 2 types in bottles of 100 and 200 mg. In the treatment of mycoplasmosis, all forms of release are used, depending on the degree of development of the disease, sex and weight of the patient.

After taking the tablets, the active ingredient is rapidly absorbed in the digestive tract and enters the bloodstream, where its maximum concentration is reached by the end of the third hour after taking the drug. Then the quantitative indicator of sumamed in the blood decreases, being absorbed in the tissues and cells of the body. Due to its composition, the concentration of the antibiotic at the location of the mycoplasma, where the tissues are inflamed, exceeds the same indicator in healthy organs by 1/4. The absorbed medicine accumulates in the tissues within five days, therefore, therapeutic courses are prescribed no more than once every 3 days.

Sumamed for mycoplasma is not prescribed if the type of mycoplasma is immune to erythromycin or the patient has serious kidney and liver damage, cardiac arrhythmia, the patient is a nursing mother, a pregnant woman.

If sumamed with mycoplasmosis is taken together with other drugs of the antacid series, then a minimum break of 2 hours should be taken between the drugs. The same period of time is maintained between taking the medicine and eating.

Long-term use of the drug can lead to side effects such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, flatulence or vomiting, in some cases skin rashes can be recorded. In case of side effects, it is necessary to consult a doctor for a correction of the treatment regimen.

Since the microbe is devoid of a cell wall, widely available antibiotics of the penicillin group are ineffective for its destruction. We need drugs that affect the deep structures of mycoplasma. These include drugs of the macrolide group (Erythromycin, Vilprafen), azalides (Azithromycin, aka Sumamed), tetracyclines (Doxycycline) and the antiprotozoal Trichopolum.

There is an opinion that it is not necessary to treat hominis,

The most popular, standard treatment regimens for mycoplasmosis are suitable for women and men:

Pharmacological group	A drug	Dosage
Tetracyclines	Doxycycline	0.1 g 2 times a lazy, 1-2 weeks
	Tetracycline	250-500mg 4 times a day, a week
Macrolides	Erythromycin	250-500 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days
	Roxithromycin	150 mg 2 times a day, 1-2 weeks
	Josamycin	0.5 - 1 g 2-3 times a day for 1-2 weeks
	Clarithromycin	250 mg 2 times a day, 1-2 weeks
Fluoroquinolones	Ofloxacin	200 mg 2 times a day, 1-2 weeks
	Pefloxacin	400 mg 2 times a day, 1-2 weeks
	Moxifloxacin	400 mg 2 times a day, 5-10 days
	Levofloxacin	250-500mg 1-2 times a day, 7-10 days
Aminoglycosides	Gentamicin	Daily dose 0.8-1.2 mg / kg IM in 2-3 doses
Azalids	Azithromycin	1 day - 0.5 once a day 2-5 days - 0.25 g once a day

More options, analogs, alternatives, new antibiotics, a complete list:

Minocycline... The first dose of the drug is 0.2 g, then 0.1 g is taken 2 times a day for the same period of time.

Ericycline is a combined preparation consisting of erythromycin and oxytetracycline dihydrate in a 1: ratio. One capsule contains 0.125 mg of each component. Assign 500 mg (2 capsules) 4 times a day after meals for 14 days.

There is evidence of high efficiency sparfloxacin, however, this drug has not yet been registered in Russia.

• Vibramycin- 200 mg in the 1st dose, in subsequent times, 100 mg orally 2 times a day; the course of treatment ranges from 10 to 21 days;

• Sumamed- 1000 mg in the 1st dose, in subsequent times, 500 mg orally once a day; the course of treatment usually lasts 4 days;
• Fromilid- 500 mg orally 2 times a day for 10-14 days.
• Norfloxacin- 400-800 mg orally once a day for 7-10 days.

Let's dwell on the properties of the main list of drugs:

Erythromycin

This antibiotic is capable of blocking protein synthesis in mycoplasmas. In normal concentrations, it inhibits the growth of microbes, and in high concentrations, it completely destroys them. The drug is perfectly absorbed in the intestines in tablet form, in addition, it has a tropism for the urogenital organs, where it accumulates in the greatest amount.

However, the use of "Erythromycin" during pregnancy is undesirable because of its penetration through the placental barrier. Also, the drug is excreted in milk, so it is not prescribed for women with breastfeeding.

Wilprafen

The active ingredient of Vilprafen tablets is also an antibiotic of the macrolide group - josamycin... It is able to accumulate in the lung tissue, due to which it is successfully used for treatment not only, but also typical in children and adults. This is one of the few remedies that are prescribed. But it is still worth weighing the possible risks and benefits of treatment.

"Vilprafen" with mycoplasmosis is able to reduce the effectiveness of other antibiotics, which is why it is not used in combination with antibacterial drugs. It can also reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, which should be considered during treatment.

Also, the advantage of this drug for mycoplasmosis is that it accumulates in the greatest quantities at the site of inflammation, which means that it has less effect on healthy tissue. This avoids many side effects. However, patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency "Azithromycin" with mycoplasmosis is contraindicated, as it imposes an increased load on these organs.

Doxycycline

"Doxycycline" is also often prescribed in the treatment of mycoplasmosis, since it is well distributed throughout the organs and is slowly excreted, providing a long-lasting effect. It is usually given after meals to avoid damage to the stomach lining.

Doxycycline is contraindicated in children under 9 years of age and in women during pregnancy. This is due to the possibility of its negative impact on the child's teeth with the formation of spots and defects (tetracycline teeth). In addition, the drug causes an increased sensitivity to ultraviolet light, which is why it is advisable to avoid prolonged exposure to the sun during treatment.

Trichopol

Since mycoplasma rarely causes the disease on its own, it makes sense to treat it immediately in combination with other infections.

Most often, mycoplasmosis is accompanied by trichomoniasis, chlamydia and ureaplasmosis. "Trichopolum", the active substance of which is metronidazole, is effective against all these microorganisms at once. It inhibits the formation of nucleic acids, significantly inhibiting the growth of bacteria.

Unlike other drugs, "Trichopol" is compatible and even increases its effectiveness when administered simultaneously with other antibiotics, for example, "Azithromycin", "Doxycycline" or "Vilprafen". The drug can stain urine dark due to the presence of a dye in its composition.

For specialists only: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antibiotics (μg / ml) for various types of urogenital mycoplasmas:

Antibiotic	MIC (μg / ml) for urogenital mycoplasmas
			U. urealyticum
Tetracyclines: - tetracycline - doxycycline	0,25 — 2 0,03 — 2	0,25 — 2 0,06 — 0,12	0,25 — 2 0,03 — 2
Macrolides: - josamycin - midecamycin - clarithromycin - erythromycin - roxithromycin - azithromycin	0,015 — 0,5 0,008 — 8 more than 64 more than 64 more than 64 16 — 32	0,015 — 0,03 - 0,015 — 0,06 0,005 — 0,3 0,015 — 0,06 0,015 — 0,03	0,02 — 2 0,003 — 0,25 0,015 — 0,6 0,12 — 2 0,06 — 2 0,06 — 1
Fluoroquinolones: - ofloxacin - sparfloxacin - moxifloxacin - levofloxacin - ciprofloxacin - pefloxacin	0,25 — 2 0,008 — 0,128 0,015 — 0,125 0,125 — 1 0,25 — 1 0,5 — 4	1 — 2 0,02 — 1 0,05 — 0,8 0,5 — 1 1 — 8 -	0,25 — 4 0,06 — 1 0,25 — 1 0,5 — 1 0,25 — 4 -
Lincosamines: - lincomycin - clindamycin	0,25 — 2 0,06 — 2	1 — 8 0,2 — 6,4	more than 64 more than 64
Aminoglycosides: - gentamicin - streptomycin	1 — 4 -	more than 64 0,5 — 1	0,5 — 8 -

Treatment mycoplasma pneumonia devoted to .

Suppositories from mycoplasma

Candle treatment should always take place in in combination with oral antibiotics otherwise it will only give a temporary result.

The use of exclusively suppositories, without the use of tablets, it is recommended only:

1. pregnant women in the 1st trimester;
2. lactating women, when for some reason it is not possible to transfer the child to formula.

since in these two cases, general treatment is contraindicated. But even in these cases, it must be remembered that there is a risk to the health of the woman herself, due to an untreated disease.

• Betadine - vaginal suppositories containing 200 mg of polyvidone iodide, are inserted into the vagina at night for 14 days;
• Geksikon - suppositories with chlorhexidine, have an antiseptic effect, are allowed at all stages of pregnancy, but they can only be considered as a temporary solution;
• Dalacin is a vaginal cream administered with a dispenser in an amount of 5 g into the vagina at night, the course of treatment takes 7 days.

Adaptogens

In the absence of contraindications (hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, hyperkinesis), apply:

• saparl 0.05 g (1 tablet) 2 - 3 times a day after meals;
• extract of Eleutherococcus 20-30 drops 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals;
• tincture of aralia 30 - 40 drops 2 - 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals;
• pantocrinum 30-40 drops or 1 - 2 tablets 2 - 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals;
• Leuzea extract 30 - 40 drops 2 - 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals;
• lemongrass tincture, 20 - 30 drops 2 - 3 times a day;
• ginseng tincture 20 drops 2 - 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

The aim of immunotherapy is to correct the immunodeficiency state that caused the chronic course of the disease.

To restore local immunity after antibiotic treatment, Bifidumbacterin is used, Acilact in the form of suppositories.

The drug Mycoplasma-Immun is administered intramuscularly. Immediately after administration, it enhances specific immunity. However, before prescribing it, you should check if the patient is allergic, since the product contains human protein.

The drug is not prescribed unless absolutely necessary for pregnant women, since studies on the effect on the fetus have not been conducted. Basically, the experience of using this medication indicates the absence of adverse reactions. Allergies have been detected only in people who are prone to this.

Proteolytic enzyme group

Proteolytic enzymes, dissolving areas of inflammation and adhesions, release the pathogen and make it available for medications; in addition, the effect of proteolytic enzymes is possibly associated with the destruction of proteins blocking the interferon system and restoration to some extent of the interferon-forming ability of body cells.

Simultaneously with antibiotics, a-chymotrypsin is prescribed (5 ml intramuscularly every other day for 20 days) or wobenzym (orally, on average, 5 capsules 3 times a day before meals).

In order to restore vaginal microbiocenosis and correct local immunity after antibiotic treatment, eubiotics are recommended - bifidumbacterin or acylact in suppositories for rectal and vaginal use.

Traditional medicine against mycoplasmosis

Treatment of mycoplasmosis is a difficult process, since infectious agents penetrate the cell membranes of the body. To rid the patient of an infectious disease, the infected cells must be destroyed. Otherwise, it is impossible to get rid of mycoplasmosis.

Doctors have nothing against folk recipes, but they believe that this is only supportive therapy.

With their help, you can reduce or completely get rid of the unpleasant symptoms that occur when an infection enters the body.

No herb can destroy infected cells located in the mucous membrane of the urinary tract. Therefore, if patients completely refuse drug treatment and choose traditional medicine, then this will end with the disease being asymptomatic and developing into a chronic form.

1. Goldenrod. Pour 40 grams of dried herbs and pour half a liter of boiling water. After it has been infused for an hour, strain and drink half a glass four times a day for one month;
2. Garlic relieves women of the symptoms of mycoplasmosis. Traditional healers recommend eating at least 2 cloves of garlic a day. You can also make a garlic paste. To do this, take 100-130 grams of garlic and grind it with a blender. We take the same amount of vegetable oil, 30 grams of lemon juice and 10-15 grams of salt. Beat everything in a blender. The resulting paste can be added to all dishes;
3. When the patient has itching or burning sensation in the genital area and he suspects the development of mycoplasmosis, then you can do baths with the addition of medicinal herbs. It can be badan root, oak bark, Kuril tea and upland uterus. Women often do douching with such decoctions. For greater effect, the procedure is repeated three to four times a day. If the symptoms persist, then douching can be done, but you can only do it once every two days. For more effect, you can add a few grams of tea tree oil or sea buckthorn oil. This is useful for women.
4. combine the leaves of St. John's wort and flowers of the lobster in a ratio of 1 :; 5 tbsp collection, pour a liter of water and bring to a boil in a water bath, after 10 minutes remove and leave to infuse under the lid for 2-3 hours, then strain; take 1 glass three times a day 15 minutes before meals;
5. combine in equal proportions pharmacy chamomile, blue cornflower, knotweed, St. John's wort and corn stigmas; 1 tbsp collection, pour 300 ml of boiling water and leave to infuse under the lid for the next hour, then strain; take ½ glass three times a day, regardless of meals;
6. 2 tbsp place the flowers of the violet tricolor in a thermos and pour in ½ liter of boiling water, leave for an hour, then strain; take three times a day for 1 tbsp.

How late treatment of an infectious disease can end

1. Infertility in women. It develops as a result of inflammation of the surface layer of the endometrium or the tubes of the uterus. If a woman's endometrium is affected, then the egg that was fertilized does not have the opportunity to develop further, since the uterine tissues are inflamed. When the tubes of the uterus become inflamed, the lumen inside them may narrow. Because of this, the egg cannot reach the uterus, and the sperm cannot reach the egg. In this case, it is difficult for a woman to become pregnant;
2. Infertility in men. A man cannot fertilize a woman's egg due to damage to the prostate gland or testicles. These factors significantly affect the quantity and quality of the sperm composition;
3. Impotence. This process also develops against the background of the affected prostate and testicles. A man cannot fully engage in sexual intercourse, since he does not have an erection. Even if there is an erection, the painful sensations do not allow to finish the job to the end;
4. Spontaneous miscarriage or premature birth. The endometrium plays the role of a breeding ground for the fetus, and if it is affected, then it negatively affects intrauterine development;
5. Diseases of an autoimmune nature. Arises from a weakened immune system. Immunity weakens due to infectious and inflammatory processes. At these moments, the cells of the immune system are trying to fight the tissues and cells of their own body, which negatively affects its functions.

Prophylaxis

The rules for the prevention of this ailment are mainly in the rejection of unprotected intercourse with unfamiliar partners, as well as an annual full examination for infections that can be sexually transmitted.

Also, if any genital infections appear, it is necessary to treat them in a timely manner, followed by a diagnosis of cure.

Since mycoplasmosis is activated with reduced immunity, care should be taken to increase the body's defenses by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, as well as taking a course of vitamin preparations.

Drug susceptibility tables

Summary table of antibiotic susceptibility of human mycoplasmas (Review of publications Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1992-2003 * the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (µg / ml) is indicated

< 1 означает высокая чувствительность, эффективный препарат.

1-10 average sensitivity.

32 and higher - low sensitivity, the drug is ineffective.

Antibiotic	Mycoplasmagenitalium	Mycoplasmahominis
Gentamicin	>64	1-10
Clindamycin	0.2-1	0.008-0.063
Lincomycin	1-8	< 1
Erythromycin	0.015	>64
Rulid	0.015	>64
Clarithromycin	0.015-0.06	>64
Azithromycin	0.015-0.03	32->64
Josamycin	0.015-0.03	0.06-0.25
Rovamycin	0.12-1	32->64
Maxaquin	2-4	1-4
Tavanik	0.5-1	0.12-0.5
Avelox	0.05-0.8	0.015-0.06
Sparfloxacin	0.03	0.03-0.12
Oflaxacin	1-2	0.25-1
Doxycycline	0.06-0.12	0.03-16

Another study - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2008 62 (1): 122-125 Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of genital mycoplasmas in outpatient women with clinical vaginitis in Athens, GreeceNektaria Kechagia, Sotiris Bersimis and Stylianos Chatzipanagiotou

Here, the higher the value, the higher the efficiency.

» Study of the effectiveness of complex therapy of patients with urogenital chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis using the drug Sumamed

Study of the effectiveness of complex therapy of patients with urogenital chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis using the drug Sumamed

The positive experience of using complex therapy with the use of the antibiotic of the macrolide group SUMAMED in 129 patients with urogenital chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis is shown. High efficiency (91.1-97.0%) and good tolerability of the drug in patients were noted.

INTRODUCTION

Currently, among sexually transmitted diseases, of the greatest interest are mixed sexual infections caused by chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, anaerobic opportunistic microorganisms, Trichomonas and viruses.

In most countries of the world, there is an increase in these diseases, especially among young people who have just entered the period of sexual activity. The resulting disease can adversely affect both their health and the health of their offspring. The slow development of symptoms of the disease, often the complete absence of severe symptoms lead to a delayed visit to the doctor, or to an accidental diagnosis. The peculiarities of the course of these diseases include the absence of any specific manifestations and pronounced clinical symptoms.

The mechanism of pathogenesis of urogenital ureaplasmosis and mycoplasmosis is similar and not fully understood.

That is why the optimal therapy for chlamydia, ureaplasmosis and mycoplasmosis must meet the following requirements: the antibacterial agent must have the highest degree of penetration into the cell; the duration of antibiotic therapy should not be less than 3 life cycles of the microorganism.

3. Depending on the clinical form, the localization of the lesions, the severity of the process, the following ways of increasing the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy are used: changing the route of administration and the dosage form of the drug; the appointment of agents that increase the permeability of cellular and tissue barriers and enhance the penetration of the drug into the affected organs (enzymes, systemic polyenzymes, vasoactive drugs).

One of the most important factors in treatment is the effect on the immune system of interferon inducers and on the nonspecific resistance of the body with biogenic stimulants and vitamins. The success of the treatment of chlamydia also depends on the identification and simultaneous treatment of concomitant urogenital infections (trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis, candidiasis, etc.), examination and simultaneous treatment of all sexual partners. The criterion for the effectiveness of treatment is the resolution of the clinical symptoms of the disease and the elimination of microorganisms from the body. Control of cure (monitoring studies) is carried out no earlier than 4-6 weeks after the end of antibiotic intake.

When interpreting the results of all methods for detecting chlamydial antigen, it should be borne in mind that non-viable forms of microorganisms are cytologically indistinguishable from viable ones and can give false-positive results when staining preparations according to Romanovsky-Giemsa, with immunofluorescent, enzyme immunoassay molecular methods of research; the average time for elimination of "fragments" of microorganisms from cells and tissues is 4-6 weeks; a decrease in the titer of anti-Chlamydia antibodies by 4 or more times is considered diagnostically and prognostically significant; in some cases, the "immune memory" of a previously transferred chlamydia, manifested by low titers of anti-Chlamydia antibodies, can persist for a long time (months, years) and does not require active therapeutic tactics.

The clinical picture of chronic mixed genital infection is usually characterized by a latent course. The pathological process remains unrecognized for a long time, and delayed treatment is often ineffective. That is why, despite the increase in the number of antibacterial drugs that claim to be the most effective agent in the treatment of chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis, the problem of guaranteed cure for these diseases remains urgent.

The gold standard for the treatment of intracellular infections in the world are drugs of the macrolide group, which do not have cross-allergic reactions with antibiotics containing the β-lactam ring, which allows them to be used in people with allergies to penicillin, cephalosporins and other drugs. The low toxicity of macrolides makes it possible to use some of them for liver and kidney diseases in men. Even with prolonged use of macrolides, cases of intestinal dysbiosis are rare.

One of these drugs for the treatment of urogenital chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis is azithromycin.

Pharmacodynamics. Azithromycin is a representative of a new subgroup of macrolide antibiotics - azalides. It binds to the 50S subunit of the 70S ribosome of sensitive microorganisms, inhibiting RNA-dependent protein synthesis, slows down the growth and reproduction of bacteria; at high concentrations, a bactericidal effect is possible.
Has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Gram-positive coca - Streptococcus pneumoniae, S.pyogenes, S.agalactiae, streptococci of groups C, F and G, S.viridans are sensitive to the drug; Staphylococcus aureus; gram-negative bacteria - Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Bordatella pertussis, B. parapertussis, Legionella pneumophila, H. ducrei, Campylobacter jejuni, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis; some anaerobic microorganisms - Bacteroides bivius, Clostridium perfringens, Peptostreptococcus species, as well as Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Treponema pallidum, Borrelia burgdoferi. Does not affect gram-positive microorganisms resistant to erythromycin.

Pharmacokinetics. After oral administration, Azithromycin is rapidly absorbed from the alimentary canal. Bioavailability is approximately 37% (“first pass” effect). The maximum concentration in the blood serum is reached after 2.5-3 hours and is 0.4 mg / l when taken orally 500 mg of azithromycin. The drug penetrates well into the respiratory tract, organs and tissues of the urogenital tract, in particular the prostate gland, skin and soft tissues. The concentration of the drug in tissues and cells is 10-100 times higher than in blood serum. A stable plasma level is achieved after 5-7 days. The drug accumulates in large quantities in phagocytes, transporting it to the sites of infection and inflammation, where it is gradually released in the process of phagocytosis.

It binds to proteins in inverse proportion to the concentration in the blood (7-50% of the drug). About 35% is metabolized in the liver by demethylation, losing activity. More than 50% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the bile, approximately 4.5% in the urine for 72 hours.

The plasma half-life is 14-20 hours (in the range of 8-24 hours after taking the drug) and 41 hours (in the range of 24-72 hours). Food intake significantly alters pharmacokinetics. With age, the parameters of pharmacokinetics do not change in men (65-85 years old), in women, C max increases by 30-50%.

Method of administration and dosage... Azithromycin for chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs in men and women is taken once a day, one hour before meals or 2 hours after meals, 1 g (4 tablets), and then 500 mg (2 tablets) No. 4 with an interval of 4 days. Total for the course - 3000 mg.

Side effect. Azithromycin rarely causes adverse reactions. Complications from the alimentary canal (bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain) are possible. In most cases, undesirable effects are mild and do not require discontinuation of the drug. Perhaps a transient, moderate increase in the activity of liver enzymes, neutropenia, rarely - neutrophilia and eosinophilia, cholestatic jaundice, chest pain, palpitations. Sometimes drowsiness, nephritis, vaginitis, candidiasis, desensitization are possible, in children - nervousness, insomnia, conjunctivitis. In 2-3 weeks after stopping treatment, the altered values ​​return to normal. Skin reactions (rash) are very rare.

Contraindications The drug is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to macrolide antibiotics; with severe violations of liver function, during pregnancy and lactation (during treatment, breastfeeding is suspended).

Features of the application. Due to the peculiarities of the pharmacokinetics of the drug, with the indicated indications for use, there is no need to use the drug for a longer time than indicated in the instructions. For the elderly, there is no need to change the dose. It is not recommended to prescribe the drug during pregnancy and lactation. Azithromycin should be used with caution in patients with severe impairment of renal and hepatic excretory function, with cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular arrhythmias and prolongation of the QT interval are possible). After discontinuation of the drug, hypersensitivity reactions may persist in some patients, which requires specific therapy under the supervision of a physician. With a slight impairment of renal function (creatinine clearance more than 40 ml / min), there is no need for dose adjustment.

Interaction with other medicinal products. Antacids slow down the absorption of Azithromycin, so it is necessary to take the drugs with an interval of at least 2 hours.
There was no interaction of the drug with theophylline, oral anticoagulants, carbamazepine, phenytoin, triazolam, digoxin, ergotamine, cyclosporine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In the clinic of sexopathology and andrology of the Institute of Urology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 139 patients with chlamydial ureaplasma and mycoplasma infections aged from 22 to 43 years with a duration of the disease from 1 to 10 years were under observation. 63 patients had an acute uncomplicated process with a disease duration of up to 3 months, of which monoinfection was diagnosed in 30 (47.6%) and mixed infection (chlamydia + ureaplasmosis; chlamydia + mycoplasmosis; ureaplasmosis + mycoplasmosis; chlamydia + ureaplasmosis) + mycoplasmosis in 33 (52.4%). Sixty-six patients had a chronic complicated urogenital infection (disease duration from 3 months to 10 years), of which monoinfection was diagnosed in 32 (48.5%) and mixed infection - in 34 (51.5%). Laboratory diagnostics of chlamydia was carried out using direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reactions.

In acute uncomplicated forms of mixed infection, SUMAMED was administered orally once a day, one hour before meals or 2 hours after meals, 1 g (4 tablets), and then 500 mg (2 tablets) No. 4 with an interval of 4 days. Total for the course - 3000 mg.

Treatment of a chronic process, including mixed infection, was carried out in a complex pathogenetic manner. As etiotropic agents, SUMAMED was used orally once a day, one hour before meals or 2 hours after meals, 1 g (4 tablets), and then 500 mg (2 tablets) No. 4 with an interval of 4 days. Total for the course - 3000 mg. The total duration of the course of treatment was 20-30 days. In order to correct the immune status and improve the penetration of the antibiotic, immunomodulators were prescribed. The patients also received symptomatic treatment, physiotherapy (endourethral electrical stimulation, laser and magnetic therapy, vibroacoustic therapy), antifungal drugs, and vitamins.

RESULTS

As a result of treatment of patients with chlamydial, ureaplasma or mycoplasma monoinfection with acute course on the basis of clinical examination data revealed: recovery in 28 (93.3%) of 30 patients; improvement - in 2 patients (6.7%); no change - 0 (0%). At chronic the course of the disease - recovery - in 30 (90.9%) of 33 patients; improvement - in 2 (6.1%); no change - in 1 (3.0%). In the presence of a mixed infection in case of an acute course, the following results were revealed: recovery in 31 (93.9%) of 33 patients; improvement - in 2 (6.1%); no change - 0 (0%). In chronic course - respectively: 30 (88.2%) of 34 patients; 3 (8.8%); 1 (3.0%).

As can be seen from the data presented, the results of the treatment of chlamydial-ureaplasma-mycoplasma infection using complex therapy with the use of SUMAMEDA are very positive. With an acute uncomplicated variant of the process, both in the presence of monoinfection and mixed infection, in one course of complex treatment, a positive clinical effect was achieved in almost all cases (complete recovery + improvement). In a chronic complicated course in the presence of monoinfection in one course of therapy, a positive clinical effect was achieved in the absolute majority of cases - 97% (recovery + improvement), and with mixed infection - in 97%.

PCR study data as a result of treatment of patients with chlamydial, ureaplasma or mycoplasma monoinfection at acute course: recovery in 29 (96.7%) of 30 patients; no change - 1 (3.7%). At chronic the course of the disease - respectively - 32 (97.0%) of 33 patients; and 1 (3.0%). In the presence of mixed infections at acute the course revealed the following results by the PCR method: recovery in 30 (93.8%) of 32 patients; no change - in 2 (6.2%). At chronic course - respectively: 31 (91.1%) of 34 patients; and 3 (8.9%) (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Data from a study of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with chlamydial ureaplasma and / or mycoplasma infection using the PCR method (recovery in%).

According to the ELISA method (determination of antibodies to chlamydia), the results of the study of the effectiveness of treatment also corresponded to the data of the PCR method. In the presence of monoinfection with acute course: recovery in 28 (93.3%) of 30 patients; decrease in antibody titer - 2 (6.7%); high titers of antibodies - 0 (0%). At chronic the course of the disease - respectively - 29 (85.4%) of 33 patients; decrease in antibody titer - 2 (5.6%); high antibody titers - 2 (5.6%) (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Data of the study of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with chlamydial ureaplasma and / or mycoplasma monoinfection by the ELISA method (in%).

At presence of mixed infection at acute the course revealed the following results by the ELISA method: recovery in 30 (93.8%) of 32 patients; decrease in antibody titer - 2 (6.2%); high titers of antibodies - in 0 (0%). At chronic course - respectively: 29 (85.3%) of 34 patients; decrease in antibody titer - 3 (8.8%); high antibody titers - in 2 (5.9%) (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Data of a study of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with chlamydial ureaplasma and / or mixed mycoplasma infection using the ELISA method (in%).

During the entire course of treatment, the drugs were relatively well tolerated. 7 out of 129 (5.4%) patients had minor side effects in the form of gastric discomfort, headache, and sleep disturbances.

CONCLUSIONS

1. The results of clinical trials of complex therapy using SUMAMEDA showed a fairly high efficiency in the treatment of patients with both monoinfection and mixed chlamydial-ureaplasma-mycoplasma infection (91.1-97.0%) after one course of therapy.

2. SUMAMED in complex treatment is well tolerated by patients. Only 5.4% of patients had minor side effects.

3. SUMAMED meets all the requirements for modern therapy of genitourinary intracellular infections, which makes it possible to recommend it for the complex therapy of intracellular sexually transmitted infections.

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