Allocations at 3 years. "Non-childish" problem. Discharge in a little girl. Development of the reproductive system

Yesterday evening I found a yellowish-brownish spot on my daughter's panties (3.5 years old). I examined the genitals - the discharge was visible even after washing, in color, consistency and smell - like a woman's at the very end of her period, that is, a slight smell of blood, there is no other shade of smell - unpleasant - no. And to my surprise, I discovered that the vaginal lips were glued - before that there were synechiae. To urinate, he says, it was painful once, yesterday - at the very beginning of urination, then it does not hurt. Today there is the same plentiful spot, well, that's just like barely smearing menstruation, but today without mucus (it was yesterday).

Could this be the result of the disconnection of the synechiae? (although I do not understand how - the discharge is clearly from the inside of the vagina, and not from above, where a rupture could occur ..). What else could it be?

We made an appointment with the gynecologist, but it will be in 3 days. And, of course, I want to be armed, not to take unnecessary tests, injuring the child, and not to take unnecessary medications. And in general, I'm worried. Can you take some measures now, baths?

E.P. Berezovskaya answers.

The first step is to rule out (or confirm) trauma, including sexual trauma. Therefore, to collect a detailed history of who the girl was with, she did not injure the genitals with a toy, did not someone introduce something, some objects into her vagina, did she fall and did not hit the external genitals. If the girl says that someone touched her organs, urgently see a doctor. Also exclude worms. Exclude hormonal ovarian tumor. DO NOT use ANYTHING in terms of self-medication, including baths.

The amount, smell, and color of a girl's vaginal discharge can tell about her health. If in a nursing baby, a girl of 5-7 years old and at an older age, the secret acquires a strange aroma or shade, there is reason for concern and a visit to the doctor. What kind of discharge is normal? What does the appearance of a pathological secret mean, why it happens, what to do in such cases - let's figure it out together.

If parents notice discharge unnatural for their daughter, the child must be shown to a pediatric gynecologist

What discharge is considered normal?

A specific secret is secreted from the vagina of every woman or girl. However, its composition, color and consistency can vary depending on a whole range of reasons - health status, stage of the menstrual cycle, general hormonal levels. Discharge that meets the following characteristics is considered normal:

• smell - slightly sour or absent;
• impurities - an insignificant amount in the form of white or transparent crumb-like or "stringy" filamentous inclusions;
• character - homogeneous mucous (the consistency of the mucus should not be too thick, but not watery);
• shade - light, transparent, unexpressed yellowish is allowed.

Causes of discharge at different ages

Pathological secretion occurs in girls of any age. The main reasons are weakening of immunity, frequent use of antibiotics, genital and general infections, allergies (sometimes provoking atopic vulvovaginitis), diabetes mellitus (often accompanied by fungal vulvovaginitis), helminthic invasion, a foreign body.

Mucous discharge, sometimes bloody, is found in newborn babies. Their appearance is usually associated with a reaction to an increase in the level of maternal hormones entering their body. This anomaly does not require treatment and does not pose a danger, however, it is required to visit a doctor to exclude a pathology.

Discharge in newborn babies does not require treatment, but it is still necessary to inform the attending physician about their presence (for more details, see the article :)

At the age of 13-15, menstruation usually begins, so the nature of the discharge, especially its volume, changes. When the secret is produced in large quantities, it acquires a weak sour aroma, while the girl feels good, and there are no sores and redness on the genitals. This usually indicates the normal sexual development of the child.

Discharge of a brown tint usually occurs before menstruation and is observed for several days. If the secret becomes normal after menstruation, then the teenage girl is healthy. The brown secret stands out for a long time, regardless of the cycle - there is a reason to suspect the development of the inflammatory process.

White

In most cases, white discharge in girls is quite normal if there are no accompanying symptoms. However, if a white secret of a curdled consistency is present on the child's panties, candidiasis cannot be ruled out, even when the baby is only a few months old or 4-6 years old. This fungal disease occurs with a general weakening of the immune system, during the period of antibiotic therapy and is transmitted from mother to daughter during childbirth.

Yellow or yellow-green

Dark or light greenish discharge in girls of any age - at 2 years old, at 9, and at 13 years old - is a sign of the development of a pathological process that cannot be ignored.

It is required to consult a pediatrician and a pediatric gynecologist in order to establish the factors that provoked the appearance of an unnatural discharge.

Yellowish discharge is not always a symptom. In girls 11-13 years of age (sometimes a little younger or older than 10-12 years), they say that hormonal changes begin. Do not worry when yellow discharge is not accompanied by discomfort and other signs of the disease. If the girl is 5-7 years old or less, the change in the color of the secret is accompanied by other symptoms, this is a reason to suspect:

• diaper rash;
• irritation from synthetic underwear;
• ingress of foreign objects;
• reaction to hygiene products;
• helminthic invasion;
• getting dirt into the vagina;
• violation of the rules of hygiene of the child.

Purulent

If the child's vaginal secretion contains purulent inclusions, this is always a symptom of the disease. The cause may be infection, inflammation in the uterus and / or ovaries, colpitis. At the first sign of any of these diseases, you should immediately consult a doctor. Otherwise, the pathological process will lead to the development of complications or become chronic.

Purulent discharge and pain in the lower abdomen can be symptoms of an inflammatory process in the uterus or ovaries.

Odorless and odorless

Normally, the discharge in girls should be odorless, the presence of a subtle sour aroma is allowed during puberty, about a year before the onset of menstruation. An intense fetid odor is often indicative of a foreign object entering the vagina. An unpleasant smell of fish combined with a greenish discharge is a sign of bacterial vaginosis.

A sharp unpleasant smell of vaginal secretion may indicate the development of an infectious disease. If it is intense, accompanied by abundant thick discharge that has an unnatural bright color, impurities of blood and / or pus, this indicates a serious pathology caused by the infection. An urgent need to see a doctor.

Symptoms accompanying discharge

Pathological vaginal secretions are usually accompanied by a complex of other symptoms, which helps the doctor to quickly and correctly diagnose the problem. If the baby complains of painful and frequent urination, pain in the lower abdomen, her body temperature rises - these are signs of cystitis (see also :). Also, common concomitant symptoms in diseases of the genitourinary system include:

• sores, redness, blisters (herpes infection);
• white discharge, similar in consistency to cottage cheese (thrush);
• green or yellow-green secretion (Trichomonas infection);
• the smell of rotten fish (bacterial vaginosis);
• bloody impurities;
• burning;
• redness of the vulva.

Discharge with an unpleasant odor, as a rule, indicates the attachment of a bacterial infection

Diagnosis of pathologies

If pathological vaginal discharge occurs in a baby, you need to contact a pediatric gynecologist as soon as possible. Only a specialist will be able to carry out a comprehensive diagnosis, identify the cause of the changes and select an effective and safe treatment. The main diagnostic measures are:

1. laboratory analysis of blood for the level of hormones it contains;
2. visual inspection of the genital tract to detect mechanical damage and the presence of foreign bodies;
3. fecal analysis - allows you to identify helminthic invasion, confirm or exclude dysbiosis;
4. a smear from the vagina to identify pathogenic microorganisms that provoked the inflammatory process;
5. general analysis of urine and blood;
6. to identify the type of causative agent of the disease - PCR.

Treatment of diseases with discharge

A strategy for the treatment of diseases accompanied by pathological discharge in girls can only be developed by a qualified specialist, based on the results of the examination.

Depending on the cause of changes in vaginal secretion established during the diagnosis process, the following therapeutic methods are used:

• diseases of the excretory system - antibiotic therapy, the use of antiseptic agents, drinking plenty of fluids;
• bed rest (for some acute diseases);
• regular change of bed and underwear;
• local therapy - lubrication with special gels, ointments and creams, washing, baths;
• adjusting the diet for allergies;
• the hormonal background is disturbed - hormonal therapy;
• drug therapy - local and general - to eliminate the causative agent of the pathology;
• special treatment of the girl and all members of her family in case of detected helminthic invasion;
• elimination of a foreign object from the vagina.

Preventive actions

From early childhood, the baby needs to be instilled in the observance of personal hygiene.

Simple preventive measures will help keep the girl healthy and avoid many problems in the future. The main elements of prevention are regular visits to a pediatric gynecologist and adherence to the rules of personal hygiene of the child. The latter require close attention from parents from the first days of a little girl's life:

• underwear should be made from fabrics of natural origin with a minimum content of synthetic fibers;
• do not use coarse washcloths and sponges for intimate hygiene to avoid mechanical damage;
• teach the girl to wash the genitals correctly, in particular, to explain that all actions should be carried out in the direction from front to back;
• select hypoallergenic products for intimate hygiene;
• for washing, use warm water, if possible - boiled, a solution of potassium permanganate and herbal decoctions, use only during treatment, no longer than the course prescribed by the doctor;
• the child should use his own personal towel, which should always be clean;
• hygiene procedures are required twice a day - in the morning and in the evening.

There is an opinion that vaginal leucorrhoea occurs only in sexually mature girls and women; girls should not have vaginal discharge. However, this is not quite true. Discharge in girls is also found in childhood, they can be both the norm and talk about pathology. This phenomenon often frightens parents, and they cannot always understand what is happening with the child's body. As soon as possible, you should contact a pediatric gynecologist to understand what is happening.

When the discharge begins in girls

Vaginal discharge can appear in a girl at a very early age, even a newborn baby has mucous discharge.

A normal secret that does not indicate the presence of a disease or inflammatory processes has the following composition:

• Renewing epithelium.
• mucus that appears as a result of the work of the uterus.
• various microorganisms, leukocytes and other components.

Therefore, we can conclude that there is nothing wrong with the secretions, they are the protection of the young organism, despite the lack of reproductive function due to the young age. However, you should contact your gynecologist to make sure that the child is healthy and not to neglect routine examinations. These measures keep the girl healthy and reproductive in adulthood and help to avoid complications.

What discharge in girls is considered the norm

Light discharge is considered normal, having a uniform consistency and resembling mucus. A variant of the norm is the presence of viscous "threads" or lumps, similar to crumbs, in the secretions. Such leucorrhoea is the norm in a newborn girl, they are quite common in the first weeks of a child's life.

A rare case of the norm is the appearance of bloody blotches, resembling discharge during menstruation. This process is called a sexual crisis in infants and does not need therapy, but you should not forget to monitor the baby's hygiene.

After one month of age, there usually comes a period of rest, when hormones do not manifest themselves in any way, and at the age of 7 - 8 years, the beginning of a restructuring of the hormonal background is possible. The pubertal period begins, the appearance of abundant discharge, changes in the shape of the mammary glands is possible. After 2 - 3 years menstruation begins.

The nature of vaginal discharge in a child during puberty

Menarche is the first bleeding in girls, which can usually be seen on panties at the age of 10 - 13 years. Such spotting appears normally 2 years after the shape and size of the mammary glands begins to change.

A year before this phenomenon, leucorrhoea may appear. Normally, they have the following symptoms:

• They have no color or the appearance of yellowish discharge or white color is noted, which is one of the non-pathological variants of discharge in adolescent children.
• The consistency is rather watery, resembling snot.
• There should be no unpleasant odor, normally a sour aroma is allowed.
• Lack of discomfort in the intimate area - regardless of the age of the girl, the leucorrhoea should not cause discomfort, cause itching or burning.

Such discharge in girls 10 - 12 years old confirms the normal development of the reproductive system and pelvic organs. In addition, vaginal mucus is a barrier to the penetration of harmful microorganisms into the genitals, thereby preventing the development of inflammatory processes in the uterus and other pathologies.

If your period has already begun

The beginning of menstruation at the age of 11-14 is considered normal. Possible diseases found in a little girl in childhood, hereditary factors, nutrition, the number of stressful situations and emotional health affect the onset of menstruation.

In some cases, menstrual flow appears in girls at the age of 9. The reason for this may be a violation of the hormonal background, sometimes in such cases the help of an endocrinologist and the appointment of hormonal therapy are required. If by the age of 15 a girl does not have menstruation, this is a reason for contacting a pediatric gynecologist. Perhaps the cause of this pathology is ovarian dysfunction, emotional overload, disruption of the thyroid gland, heavy physical exertion, anorexia, and a poor environmental situation in the place of residence.

If a girl starts menstruating, the further appearance of discharge will depend on the phase of the cycle.

Start

Typically, the menstrual cycle lasts almost 1 month, namely 28 days. This period starts from the first day after the end of your period and lasts from two to three weeks. These days, the amount of leucorrhoea is quite small, normally the volume is up to two milliliters per day. The consistency is homogeneous and watery, the color is possible from white to beige.

Ovulation

In the middle of the cycle, an increase in the volume of leucorrhoea up to four milliliters per day is possible. The consistency changes and the mucus becomes more viscous.

Second half of the cycle

At the end of the cycle, the amount of leucorrhoea becomes less, the consistency resembles a cream, or looks like snot.

Shortly before your period

Before the onset of menstruation, the volume of secretion increases, the consistency resembles the version of the discharge that was in the middle of the cycle.

Causes of pathological vaginal discharge in children

Leucorrhoea is not always a natural physiological process. They can signal the presence of inflammation, allergies, infections and other pathologies. Such discharge endangers the girl's health, primarily reproductive function, and sometimes the quality of life, its preservation.

Weak immunity

Weak immunity, unable to fight microbes and viruses, leads to the appearance of various diseases, including the reproductive system. The main reasons that affect the ability of the immune system to protect the body:

• Stress overstrain.
• Unhealthy food.
• Lack of timely treatment of infections.
• Frostbite.
• Previous diseases.

Parents should take action if the child is sick very often. If ARVI or influenza is diagnosed more than 5 times during the year, the child needs mandatory vaccination.

If an elevated temperature is not observed during the disease, most often this indicates the absence of the body's resistance to the disease. This is a serious symptom that requires the intervention of a pediatrician.

One of the symptoms of weak immunity is the child's lethargy and drowsiness throughout the day, pale skin and increased fatigue. However, these signs can speak not only of a weakening of the protective function of the body, but also of many other pathologies.

As a preventive measure, you need to accustom your child to a healthy lifestyle, avoid unnecessary stress and moderate physical education. Walking in the fresh air is also beneficial for a growing body.

Frequent use of antibiotics

As a result of the frequent use of antibiotics, pathologies can develop in the pelvic organs and not only. These medications affect the microflora in the vaginal area, upsetting the balance. The result is the appearance of various diseases such as bacterial vulvovaginitis and vaginal dysbiosis.

In most cases, the main cause of vulvovaginitis is bacteria. This disease can appear not only in adult women, but also in girls.

At the age of up to 8 years, with this disease, first there is a lesion of the labia, then the vagina. In adults, this pathology has symptoms exactly the opposite.

The reasons that can provoke this pathology:

• Hormonal diseases.
• Taking antibiotics.
• diseases of the genitourinary system.
• Penetration of infection into the genitals from the rectum. The most common reason for this is children who use intimate hygiene products incorrectly.
• Foreign body in the pelvic organs.

The main symptom of the disease is pathological secretions from the vagina, which have a pungent odor, discomfort and discomfort.

Vaginal dysbiosis or dysbiosis occurs due to a violation of the normal microflora. Its main symptoms are the appearance of profuse discharge, which has an unpleasant odor. The reasons for the appearance are the same as for vulvovaginitis. Complications of this pathology can be inflammation in the uterus, vagina, infection of the urinary canal.

In the event of symptoms indicating a violation of the vaginal microflora, you should contact a pediatric gynecologist.

Childhood and general infections

Children's infections are those diseases that are carried at an early age, up to about 6 years of age. After recovery, the body will form immunity to this disease.

The main infections, which are mainly carried in childhood, but can also appear in an adult:

• Chickenpox - the main symptom is fever and rash, weakness. With such a disease, hygiene and patient care are important. As a preventive measure, you can get vaccinated.
• Diphtheria - the main symptom is the presence of a gray film that appears on the mucous membranes. Treatment is carried out in a hospital, as a preventive measure, the child is vaccinated.
• Whooping cough - The main symptom is cough.
• Measles - symptoms of manifestation are fever, cough, fear of light, vomiting, pain, rash
• Infections in children are transmitted by airborne droplets and through shared objects. As a preventive measure, vaccinations are given, some of them are required.

Allergic reactions

The cause of the appearance of pathological secretions and various diseases of the genital organs in children are allergic reactions and diathesis.

Allergic diathesis is one of the most common types of this disease. At the age of 3 months - 6 months, this disease occurs most often. The main symptom of the disease is peeling of the skin, redness and the child's desire to scratch the affected skin. Often, the mucous membranes of the organ of vision and the oral cavity are also affected. Diagnosis of pathology is carried out at an early stage of the development of the disease.

Diabetes

This pathology can cause fungal vulvovaginitis in a girl, which is a genitourinary infection and is accompanied by yellow or green pathological leucorrhoea with an unpleasant odor, as well as discomfort.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which there is a violation of carbohydrate metabolism. The disease is of two types and type 1 diabetes is common in childhood and adolescence.

The main cause is genetics, but pathology can develop as a result of the influence of other factors. Artificial feeding, stress, previous surgeries, carbohydrate nutrition, high birth weight can provoke the development of diabetes. The greatest number of cases of morbidity with pathological discharge in girls at 4 - 8 years old, when the child is actively growing and the hormonal background is changing, has been identified.

Foreign bodies

A baby may not intentionally insert a foreign object, such as toilet paper, thread, or other objects, into the vagina. Symptoms of the presence of a foreign object in the genitals are fever, pain in the vaginal area, bleeding or brown smears on linen, purulent discharge. If inflammation occurs and a foreign object causes the mucous membranes to fester, there may be a rotten smell from the intimate area. In this case, you urgently need to contact a pediatric gynecologist, and do not take other actions on your own, they can harm the child.

Worms

Infection with worms can occur as a result of improper washing technology and poor hygiene, if bacteria penetrate from the intestine into the genitals. The intestines are the only source of worms that can enter the vagina. They are dangerous because they can bring intestinal flora into the genitals, this can lead to vaginosis and dysbiosis.

Symptoms of the appearance of worms in the genitals:

• Unpleasant sensations.
• Unpleasant odor of discharge.
• Discomfort, burning.

Worms can cause pelvic inflammation, complications such as infection of the fallopian tubes, which leads to loss of fertility. The treatment is carried out by gynecologists and infectious disease specialists, with whom you need to consult if symptoms appear.

Poor hygiene

Intimate hygiene of children - daily washing, which maintains the cleanliness of the genitals and their health in the future.

In the case of children under one year old, ideally, they should be washed after each time the child has defecated. Despite the variety of diapers, the baby needs to be washed after a bowel movement.

Soap should be pH neutral and should not be neglected, but often not recommended.

With age, you need to teach your child to maintain hygiene on their own. The absence of this ritual can lead to the development of unpleasant pathologies that are easier to avoid than to get rid of.

We are looking for problems in color and smell

Normal discharge in girls should not cause discomfort and discomfort. Extraneous odor, blotches, pain with detached leucorrhoea can speak of the development of a serious pathology and parents need to be extremely careful and understanding about this problem.

White discharge

Usually, white discharge is not a pathology and is present in girls of any age and in women. However, in cases where the leucorrhoea looks like cottage cheese, has inclusions and lumps, as well as an extraneous smell of sour milk, this is thrush, or candidiasis. This fungal disease is accompanied by itching and burning, spreads quickly if left untreated. Young children may not always be able to tell about how they are feeling, so parents need to be attentive and monitor the behavior and health of the child.

Highlights of green and yellow

Most often, leucorrhoea with a greenish or yellowish tinge is the first sign of bacterial vulvovaginitis. If a child constantly touches the labia, wanting to comb them, it is unpleasant for him to be in the water while swimming and there is redness in the intimate area, there is a pathology.

Usually this disease occurs in preschool children. The reason for this phenomenon is that in the intimate area there are no those lactobacilli that create a barrier of the genitals from infectious diseases.

Leucorrhoea with a yellowish tinge does not always indicate inflammatory processes in the body. Often the causes are infection with worms, dirt, foreign objects entering the genitals, an allergic reaction to tissue or diaper rash.

Such a pathology requires diagnosis and clarification of the causes of development.

Red and brown

This phenomenon can signal the onset of menstruation. However, in the case of a foreign body inside the penis, reddish and brown smears may also appear on the linen, which have a smell of dried meat. In this case, the child needs immediate help from a gynecologist, since this symptom indicates the development of an inflammatory process.

If there is a restructuring of hormones, you can observe the appearance of red discharge, as a rule, they signal the imminent onset of menstruation.

There is pus

Leucorrhoea, which includes pus, is not the norm for women of any age.

The most common causes are colpitis, inflammation of the cervix and ovaries, and diseases caused by infection.

Mucus or foam

Mucous or profuse foamy discharge of a pathological nature is most often symptoms of gardnerellosis. It occurs as a result of a violation of the microflora of the vagina. The causes of the disease can be infections of the genitourinary system, long-term antibiotic treatment, hormonal disruptions.

The main symptom is the appearance of a frothy or mucous discharge with an unpleasant odor, as well as pain when urinating.

Prevention

You should not self-medicate and use various folk remedies, which are often not effective.

There are certain methods of prevention:

• Carry out hygienic washing procedures 1-2 times a day.
• Use individual hygiene items and linen.
• Use hypoallergenic soap.
• Teach the child to wash properly without introducing infections from the intestines.
• Use linen made from natural materials.
• Avoid damage to the external and internal parts of the genital organs.

Treatment options and the correct therapy in case of illness can only be selected by a gynecologist. Regular doctor visits should not be neglected.

How often to visit a pediatric gynecologist

You should take care of your child's health from birth. Before making an appointment with a pediatric gynecologist, it is necessary to set the child up in a positive way in order to avoid psychological upheaval and moral trauma.

You can make an appointment with a gynecologist with a child of any age, sometimes even the smallest girls may need help.

If there are no complaints and chronic pathologies, you need to visit a doctor once a year.

Many believe that vaginal discharge can only appear in adult women or girls who are sexually active. But a similar problem is often revealed in childhood. Moms will certainly be alarmed if girls suddenly have discharge, and want to find out more about this problem: why it occurs, how it proceeds and what is required to eliminate the symptoms. But the most reliable information can only be obtained from a qualified specialist.

Normal situation

Before disassembling any violations, one should understand how the physiological processes in the child's body proceed. During the neonatal period - as a rule, at 2 weeks of age - girls may experience vaginal discharge: mucous, abundant and even mixed with blood. Along with this, engorgement of the baby's mammary glands is noted, and when pressing on the nipples, a thick white liquid is released - colostrum. This is a transient, that is, a transient physiological condition called a hormonal crisis.

These changes are due to the influence of estrogens received in utero from the mother. In addition, hormonal substances penetrate with human milk. But this is quite normal and should not cause concern, because everything will return to normal by the end of the neonatal period. From 4 weeks in the girl's body, a period of relative hormonal rest begins, which continues until puberty. Then the fully matured ovaries begin to produce their own estrogens, which, along with other hormones, are responsible for the menstrual cycle.

Reasons for deviations

Thus, we can say that a girl up to 8 years old should not have any vaginal discharge. Otherwise, you need to look for the cause of the violations and try to eliminate them. Many believe that such a symptom indicates an infectious process in the genitals of the child. And this is really so - from the age of three, colpitis or vulvovaginitis becomes a frequent cause of discharge. It is caused by various microbes: bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses. Sometimes a specific urogenital infection can develop, for example, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis or chlamydia, the source of which is most often the mother, and the girl becomes infected during childbirth or through household use.

Another common cause is vaginal dysbiosis (also called bacterial vaginosis). It develops due to a violation of the natural balance of the microflora of the genital tract. The fact is that in breastfed children, the vaginal flora consists mainly of lactobacilli, and later enterococci and bifidobacteria, which have less pronounced protective properties, take their place.

Due to the low content of estrogens in a child who has ceased to receive them with mother's milk, local immunity decreases, which contributes to the development of opportunistic flora in the vagina. And additional factors are often the following:

• Failure to comply with hygiene rules.
• Children and general infections.
• Allergic reactions.
• Anomalies of the constitution (diathesis).
• Helminthic invasions.
• Intestinal dysbiosis.
• Pathology of the urinary tract.
• Taking antibiotics (mother and child).

Quite often, girls have discharge when they start attending preschool. Social adaptation often has a stressful effect on the child's immune system, because it is faced with new microbial agents that it did not know before. The baby begins to hurt more often, and against this background, discharge may appear. At an older age, the child's lack of personal hygiene plays a role, especially when the first menstruation begins. But each situation requires careful analysis and diagnosis, which is what the doctor does.

The cause of vaginal discharge in childhood is most often vulvovaginitis or dysbiosis, which is facilitated by many other factors, both internal and external.

Symptoms

Any disease has its own clinical signs that help the doctor make an assumption about the diagnosis. If we are talking about pathological discharge, then their characteristic signs should be noted:

1. Color: yellowish, dull white, gray, green, brown.
2. Unpleasant smell: sweetish, ammoniacal, sour, "fishy".
3. Consistency: liquid, thick, curdled.
4. Quantity: abundant or scarce.

In appearance, one can even say about the probable causative agent of the infection. So, for example, the appearance of green discharge in a girl often indicates the development of pyogenic microbes, including gonococcus. And white and curdled plaque on the genitals testifies in favor of thrush (candidiasis). A thin, profuse, and frothy discharge can occur with trichomoniasis, and gray, creamy and fishy discharge can occur with vaginal dysbiosis.

If we are talking about vulvovaginitis, then children may complain of itching and burning in the external genital area. In addition, dysuric disorders are often observed in the form of frequent urge to use the toilet, cuts or pain during urination, which is the result of the penetration of microbes into the urethra. On examination, you can notice redness in the vestibule of the vagina. But with bacterial vaginosis, such manifestations will be absent.

Additional diagnostics

To find out why a girl has discharge at 4 years old, additional diagnostics should be carried out. The doctor will prescribe the necessary tests to help establish the source of pathological symptoms, determine the type of pathogen and its spread in the child's body. Such studies will be:

• General analysis of blood and urine.
• Blood biochemistry (antibodies to infections, helminths, inflammation markers).
• Smear and analysis of secretions (microscopic, bacteriological, PCR, antibiotic sensitivity).
• Bacterial urine culture.
• Allergy tests.
• Analysis of feces for dysbiosis and worm eggs.

From instrumental studies, ultrasound (kidney, bladder, small pelvis) can be performed to exclude inflammatory diseases and the spread of infection in the vertical direction. In addition, the pediatrician can refer the mother and the girl for a consultation with a urologist and a pediatric gynecologist.

Treatment

Pathological discharge in a 5-year-old girl, as well as a similar problem at a different age, always require adequate treatment. Therapeutic measures are carried out strictly on an individual basis, taking into account the characteristics of the child's body and the type of pathogen identified.

Increased attention is paid to how the general principles of child care are followed. This is important not only in terms of prevention, but allows you to get the best effect from treatment and prevent the progression of the disease. Mom should take into account the following recommendations:

1. Monitor the hygiene and cleanliness of the child's genitals.
2. When washing, do not be zealous with soap and other means.
3. Monitor your diet (when breastfeeding) and follow the diet for the girl (exclude possible allergens).
4. Change underwear and bedding frequently.
5. Treat infectious diseases in time.
6. Sanitize chronic foci of infection.

In addition, you need to try to avoid contact with sick people, and try to lead the most healthy lifestyle.

Normalization of lifestyle and hygienic conditions is of great importance not only for prevention, but also has a positive effect on the outcome of treatment.

Medication

Discharge in girls at four years old, as well as in older children, should be treated with medication. Therapy should be aimed at destroying the causative agent of the infection, normalizing the vaginal and intestinal microflora, increasing the local and general immune defense of the body. For this purpose, various drugs are used:

• Antibiotics
• Antifungal.
• Antihelminthic.
• Probiotics.
• Immunocorrectors.
• Vitamins.
• Antioxidants

The appointment of antimicrobial agents is justified only after receiving the result of the analysis for microbial sensitivity. Local treatment with antiseptic solutions (washing), ointments (applications), herbal decoctions (baths) is widely used. What specific drug to use, only the doctor will say, and the woman must follow all his recommendations. In combination with preventive measures, this will be critical in eliminating the discharge and completely curing the child.

The birth of a daughter is always a pleasant and joyful event. The first tooth, the first step, the first cold, the first fall - each of these events will forever remain in the hearts of ardently loving mothers and fathers. Being inexperienced, young parents are wary of any previously unknown changes that occur in their daughter's body. For example, the presence of vaginal discharge (leucorrhoea) in a girl is quite normal, provided that they are transparent or whitish, and mucous, as during puberty, or bloody, which are observed in the first week after birth. Normally, discharge from the genital tract should not have an unpleasant odor or cause anxiety in the child.

As a rule, the appearance of a yellow vaginal discharge in a girl, regardless of the child's age, is very frightening for parents, who are trying their best to protect their child from various infections and diseases. To find out the cause of yellow discharge in a girl is possible only with a comprehensive assessment of the child's health, taking anamnesis and conducting certain laboratory tests.

Puberty is a possible cause of yellow discharge in a girl.

The appearance of a yellowish discharge in a girl does not always indicate a pathological process. In some cases, yellowish discharge from the genital tract is seen in adolescent girls who have reached puberty. Discharge that is grayish or greenish in color, thicker, and smells like rotten fish is a cause for concern. All these signs indicate the presence of vaginosis, which is most typical for girls aged 11-15 years. Bacterial vaginosis is a condition in which there is a violation of the microflora in the vagina. In this case, the cause of the disease can be frequent acute respiratory infections, hormonal imbalance in the body, poor nutrition, poor personal hygiene, metabolic disorders (obesity, diabetes mellitus), etc.

The girl has yellow discharge. It may be vulvovaginitis.

As a rule, the appearance on the girl's panties of traces of yellow discharge with an unpleasant odor indicates an inflammatory process. If such discharge is accompanied by redness of the vaginal mucosa, itching and pain during urination, then we are talking about vulvovaginitis - an infectious and inflammatory disease.

Most often, girls under the age of 8 are sick, which is associated with the characteristics of the vaginal microflora in childhood. At a young age, before the onset of sexual development, the microflora of the girl's vagina lacks lactic acid lactobacilli, the main function of which is to protect against infection. The absence of lactobacilli in combination with a weakened immune system or allergic history are favorable conditions for the growth and reproduction of pathogens. Vulvovaginitis with the appearance of yellow discharge in a girl, as a rule, is caused by streptococcus, enterococcus, fungal microorganisms, staphylococcus, and Escherichia coli.

The main reasons for the development of vulvovaginitis and the occurrence of yellow discharge in girls:

1. Infection:

• getting into the vagina of dirt and infections (unwashed hands, sitting on the floor without underwear, swimming in a dirty pond);
• worm infestations, namely, pinworms that crawl into the vagina (discharge is accompanied by itching in the perineum and around the anus, which intensifies at night).

2. Exposure to chemicals:

• severe allergic reaction to soap, cream or shampoo used in daily care.

3. Mechanical damage to the vaginal mucosa:

• inflammation in the vagina as a result of irritation and diaper rash from swaddling;
• a foreign body stuck in the vagina, which the child accidentally stuck into the vagina (while the discharge becomes dark yellow and has a pronounced unpleasant odor).

The girl has yellow vaginal discharge. What to do?

The first thing to do if a girl has yellow discharge is to visit a pediatric gynecologist. Only a specialist is able to accurately determine the cause of the disease, conduct all the necessary research and prescribe an effective treatment.

Some sources of information posted on the Internet, when a girl has yellow discharge, strongly recommend waiting a week, in the hope that the symptoms of the disease will disappear by themselves. This should never be done! At the first signs of illness, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Do not self-medicate under any circumstances! The use of herbal baths or other home remedies does not eliminate the cause of yellow discharge in girls, but only erases the symptoms of the disease, thereby complicating the diagnostic process.

Depending on the alleged cause of yellow discharge in the girl, the pediatric gynecologist prescribes the appropriate research method:

• if there is a suspicion of the presence of a foreign object in the vagina, a vaginoscopy is performed;
• to determine the causative agent of urogenital infection (gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, etc.), its sensitivity to a particular antibiotic, a smear and sowing of the vaginal microflora is performed.

The girl has yellow discharge. How to treat?

The treatment plan for vulvovaginitis is determined individually after evaluating the results of the studies performed. Symptomatic therapy includes the use of powders and trays to reduce itching and redness. Elimination of pathogenic microorganisms is carried out by prescribing antibiotic therapy, as well as the use of special suppositories and ointments for vaginal sanitation. To exclude a recurrence of the inflammatory process, with yellow discharge in girls, drugs are prescribed to strengthen immunity, namely, complexes of vitamins and minerals. To restore the vaginal microflora, eubiotics are used - preparations containing bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.