Children's immunity is several times weaker than that of an adult, therefore it is most susceptible to diseases of various kinds. In turn, many parents want to find the most effective antiviral for their child. Antiviral medication Is a drug that affects a viral infection, destroys and prevents its reproduction. The tasks of antiviral agents include activation of the process of production of protective antibody proteins - interferons by the body. Safe antiviral drugs for children 2 years old can be used as effective preventive measures against influenza or in the treatment of acute viral infections.
Antiviral drugs are used to treat a variety of viral diseases. The peculiarity of the choice is as follows: they must be absolutely safe for the child's health and effective in the fight against viruses.
Despite the lengthy list for children, parents should be aware of which drugs are safe and for which age group they are suitable. It is important to take into account the fact that children are especially sensitive to medications, therefore, you cannot prescribe any medication to the child on your own.
To the list antiviral drugs for children under 3 years old include the following tools:
- Groprinosine. This drug is used for infections in immunocompromised children. The tool blocks the multiplication of the virus, reduces its attack on the body and increases resistance to infections.
- Vitaferon. The immunomodulatory agent has a broad spectrum of action without side effects. The product contains substances that stimulate the child's immunity. The drug overcomes diseases that are accompanied by high fever, nasal congestion and cough.
- Kagocel. Very effective if taken within the first week of illness. The agent is prescribed for the treatment of influenza viruses and acute respiratory infections.
- Oscillococcinum. Homeopathic remedy that is used for mild variants of the flu virus and the common cold.
- Remantadine. A drug with a strong antiviral effect. Rematadin is suitable for both therapy and preventive measures.
- Tamiflu. The antiviral agent actively suppresses influenza viruses, reduces the manifestation of influenza signs, but is not effective for children with acute viral infections.
The listed preparations for children 2 years old are actively fighting a viral infection, while not having a harmful effect on the child's health and his immune system.
The main categories of antivirus tools
The action of antiviral agents is aimed at destroying viruses and preventing their spread through the cells of the body. This is a large group of medicines, among which several categories can be distinguished:
All of the above groups of drugs have a common feature - the earlier you start taking drugs, the better the result will be. In case of the onset of allergic reactions, the pediatrician prescribes an alternative a drug from another category.
List of antiviral drugs for children (list for prevention)
These drugs are for children from 2 years old serve not only for the treatment of diseases caused by infections, but also as preventive measures. The complex of preventive measures includes: increasing the body's immunity, restoring the functioning of the immune system with the help of vitamin complexes and drugs aimed at stimulating the defenses.
As a preventive measure, such antiviral drugs for children under 3 years old:
- Remantadine- one of the most effective means that suppresses the disease in the initial stages and prevents viral infection from entering the cells.
- Arbidol- an effective medicine that weakens influenza viruses (groups A and B), copes with ailments and is suitable for prophylactic use.
- Anaferon, Agri, Otsillococcinum, Aflubin Are homeopathic remedies with a complex spectrum of effects, which help to strengthen the immune system.
- Grippferon- the most reliable and safe synthetic interferon, which is instilled into the nasal passages for prophylaxis at a time when the child is surrounded by patients.
Conducting moderate preventive courses using children's drugs will significantly reduce the possible risk of contracting a viral infection.
It is categorically impossible to overuse drugs without a discharge from the attending physician, since the child may develop: unpleasant allergic reactions, addiction to the drug or other side effects. Also, regular intake of antiviral drugs is very dangerous for the formation of children's immune systems. Adequate parenting and proper childcare are the best options: drinking plenty of fluids, clean, moist air in the room, and balancing food.
For the health of the baby, parents need to try to prevent the occurrence of any ARVI or colds. If it was not possible to avoid such an ailment, then the parents have to choose which one is best to use for treatment.
The Russian pharmaceutical market covers a huge number of drugs and drugs, but the question is whether they have proven efficacy and is it really worth taking them for viral diseases. Domestic list of antiviral drugs for children contains such effective means:
- Arbidol,
- Anaferon,
- Oscillococcinum,
- Viferon,
- Tsitovir 3,
- Kagocel,
- Teraflu,
- Antigrippin,
- Grippferon.
All of the above domestic developments effectively reduce the symptoms of diseases and can successfully resist colds, but they do not have antiviral activity at all.
Antiviral drugs of foreign production can be safely attributed to drugs of a new generation. But in turn, foreign doctors believe that ARVI is absolutely not treated. antiviral medications. For children 2 years old preventive measures and treatment can be carried out using conventional antipyretic and antiseptic agents, which can relieve symptoms: paracetamol, saline and chlorhexidine.
Today in pharmacies you can find many imported drugs, annotations to which promise the consumer effective prevention and cure of viral diseases. To foreign list for children include the following medications:
- Laferobion,
- Linkas,
- Ribomunil,
- Isoprinosine,
- Aflubin,
- Sinupret,
- Groprinosin.
What kind of illness the child has: flu or an acute viral infection can only be determined by a specialist who can assess the baby's condition and, after laboratory tests, choose the right therapy. It is for these reasons that it is not recommended to give the baby antiviral drugs before the pediatrician diagnoses the disease.
When choosing a drug for the flu or cold, you need to follow the advice of your doctor. You should not get too carried away with taking auxiliary medications, in the hope of a speedy recovery of the child. Consult your doctor regularly, use those medications that have a safe effect on the body and help heal the baby without negatively affecting the rest of the body's systems.
Should I give the child antiviral drugs (so as not to get sick)
During the cold season, children in every family suffer from viral diseases several times. Parents need to give their baby a good antiviral drug. Is it worth giving antiviral drugs to the child so as not to get sick and are there any effective drugs among them?
Every year, the number of harmful viruses increases, due to which diseases of a different nature appear. For this reason, parents must have reliable information. . This knowledge will help to use effective means during prevention.
If the child has a weak immune system, he is prone to viral infections, then this is a reason to think ... In order not to get sick viral infectious diseases, the child needs to provide a balanced diet (meat, dairy products, vegetables and fruits). Give your child vitamin complexes prescribed by a doctor. As far as possible, do not visit crowded places with a child, especially during a cold period of time.
Before giving, you need to consider the following points:
- The scheme of taking the drug. It is necessary to follow the instructions, study all the doses and recommendations made;
- Doctor's advice. The attending physician must necessarily select a drug;
- If a child has a bacterial infection, treatment with antiviral drugs will not help;
- To avoid infection with viruses of the child's body, the child can be given antiviral medicine for prophylactic purposes, but only after consulting a doctor.
It is necessary to strengthen and preserve the health of the baby from childhood, since no one is immune from viral diseases and ailments. Responsibility for the drugs used in the treatment lies entirely with the parents. So before you think is it worth giving, be sure to consult a pediatrician.
According to global practice, children attending kindergartens can get viral diseases from 6 to 12 times a year. Most parents think that it is impossible to cure colds and infectious diseases without drugs and pills, but in reality, the child's body is able to cope with the disease on its own.
Talking about preparations Komarovsky argues that among the large number of drugs, there are no most effective ones. In particular, there are no drugs with proven prophylactic properties. Treating colds with antibiotics, according to Komarovsky, is not the best solution, since these drugs do not have antiviral effects. The cold itself is best treated by a pediatrician, but in no case should medications be used without the appointment of a specialist.
As Komarovsky's recommendations advises only 2 antipyretics that can be given to children in case of illness for influenza or ARVI - these are Ibuprofen and Paracetamol. And the use of aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid, according to a well-known pediatrician, can significantly harm the baby's liver.
It has long been established that treating colds according to Komarovsky's method is the most effective way than using antiviral drugs. Komarovsky calls on all parents to protect their child from infections, SARS and flu, not with drugs, but with completely different actions that will help get rid of viral infections with minimal loss to the child's body. Therefore, the treatment of ARVI and influenza is not swallowing pills, but creating certain conditions so that the child's body can easily cope with the virus:
- Give the child plenty of liquid (fruit drinks, tea, compotes, decoctions of dried apricots or raisins);
- Wet cleaning and regular airing of the room;
- It is advisable to observe strict bed rest in case of a severe stage of the disease;
- If it is possible to vaccinate a child, get vaccinated with vaccines that will protect against all current variants of the influenza virus;
Treat mucous membranes with saline.
Of course, it's up to you to decide if you need antiviral drug for a child or not, every parent is entitled. From the point of view of Yevgeny Komarovsky, with proper conditions and proper care, the child's body can cope with the virus on its own. But if medications are needed, then the choice of the drug should be based on the advice of the pediatrician.
Save your information.
Antivirals are medicines that directly affect viruses. Destroying them or preventing them from reproducing. And also drugs that activate the body's production of interferons - protective antibodies to viruses. Parents, of course, want to find the best antiviral for children.
Thus, some immunomodulators (drugs that increase immunity) are antiviral drugs. And, conversely, some antiviral agents increase a person's immunity to viruses and bacteria, that is, they are immunomodulators.
There are several groups of antiviral drugs.
- Homeopathic.
- Interferons.
- Antiviral.
- Anti-influenza.
- Antiherpetic.
- Endogenous interferon inducers.
Several antiviral agents are recognized and used throughout the world. And some - only in our country and the CIS countries.
For example, oscillococcinum, aflubin, cycloferon, tamiflu, and relenza are registered and used in Europe and the USA.
The rule that applies to all antiviral drugs is that the earlier treatment is started, the more noticeable the result is. Antiviral drugs are very effective in the first 36 hours after the onset of the illness. And practically, useless after 72 hours from the beginning.
Symptomatic drugs (drugs that alleviate the symptoms of the disease, including with a viral infection): antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic; and also antibacterial do not belong to antiviral.
Homeopathic Remedies The Best Antiviral For Children?
Among them there are foreign ones: Otsillococccinum (France) and Aflubin (Austria).
And Russian Anaferon and Ergoferon. Which are produced by one company Materia Medica Holding, Moscow.
There are old ones. For example, Otsillococcinum is about 70 years old, Aflubin is about 40. And new ones. Anaferon was in his twenties, and Ergoferon was only three years old.
Like all homeopathic medicines, antivirals contain ultra-small doses of active ingredients obtained by multiple dilutions. These preparations do not even contain 1 molecule of active ingredient per 1,000,000 tablets. The actual composition of these drugs is sucrose, lactose, and other fillers.
They have a certain strict dosage regimen like all homeopathic remedies.
Their mechanism of action defies scientific explanation.
These drugs are safe. Allowed for young children. They have no contraindications and side effects. They can be taken for a long time. Without fear of developing addiction or overdose. Doses for some of these drugs are the same for children and adults (oscillococcinum, ergoferon,). For anaferon for children, the dose is the same for large and small children.
Most doctors and scientists doubt their effectiveness. After all, these are drugs that do not contain active ingredients or placebo (pacifiers). Homeopathic medicines have a huge number of opponents, including among pediatricians.
But, despite this, antiviral homeopathic medicines continue to be manufactured and sold in pharmacies, both in Russia and abroad. And be in demand among the population. Some of them are even included in the list of vital medicines, as was the case in Russia with anaferon until 2012.
Interferons
Interferon is a protective protein that is produced in humans, mammals and birds. And prevents the multiplication of viruses in the cells of the body. Thus, interferon protects the body from viruses. Due to this property, various types of interferons have found use as medicines for the treatment and prevention of viral infections, including influenza and ARVI.
Interferons in injection
Initially, interferon was obtained from the blood of donors under the influence of viruses. But interferon obtained in this way has a lot of different impurities and high reactogenicity. When injected, it is quite effective at high doses. But at the same time, it has many side effects. Therefore, injectable interferons are used only for serious illnesses. When the benefits of their use outweigh the harm (viral hepatitis, leukemia, etc.)
Until the end of the 90s, for the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, interferons were used endonasally (in the nose), in inhalation, and locally in the form of ointments. But with this application, their effectiveness is significantly reduced, since they act only locally, at the site of application.
In 1984, for the first time in the United States, they managed to obtain recombinant (human-like, but artificially obtained) interferon. Recombinant interferons are genetically engineered. An interferon gene is inserted into the DNA of Escherichia coli and is forced to produce interferon outside the human body.
Medicines obtained this way are cheaper and safer. Even the theoretical possibility of catching an infection from a donor disappears. They do not contain any impurities. Therefore, they are less reactogenic to humans. In large doses: (3,000,000 - 5,000,000 IU), which are used to treat serious illnesses, they can cause flu-like syndrome: chills, fever, fatigue, lethargy.
But for the treatment of viral infections (ARVI, influenza, herpes, etc.), significantly lower daily dosages are required (500,000 - 1,000,000). At such dosages, the likelihood of side effects in recombinant interferons is practically absent. In the course of research, it turned out that with prolonged use of recombinant interferons, antibodies are produced to them. And the effectiveness of the drug decreases. Therefore, it is not recommended to use them for long-term use.
Interferons in candles The best antiviral agent for children?
In the late 90s, in Russia, for the first time, they began to use recombinant interferon in the form of suppositories.
With intravaginal use of suppositories, only a local effect was obtained.
But with rectal administration, it turned out that interferon penetrates through the wall of the rectum and enters the bloodstream. Its bioavailability (assimilation) with this application is approximately 80%. Interferon from the rectum enters the bloodstream bypassing the portal vein and is not destroyed in the liver. Due to this, smaller doses of the drug are required to achieve the same results as when injected. From the rectum, the drug is gradually absorbed into the bloodstream. That increases the duration of its effect and allows you to reduce the dosage. Thus, drugs of recombinant interferon used in rectal suppositories have a systemic effect on the body, comparable to drugs for injection. And they practically do not give side effects.
The possibility of interferon absorption through the rectal mucosa raises doubts and controversy among some doctors and researchers. The effectiveness of the use of interferons in dosages contained in suppositories is also. In Europe and the United States, interferon preparations are not used rectally. But they are considered drugs with unproven efficacy.
All drugs from the group of "rectal interferons" are Russian.
Foreign research
When studying the permeability of drugs with different molecular weights through the mucous membranes and skin of a person within the framework of the European project (EMPRO), it was found that the permeability rate of drugs with mm. up to 30,000 Daltons through the rectal mucosa coincides with the rate of intramuscular injection. According to the literature, similar results were obtained when studying the pharmacokinetics of recombinant interferon preparations using radioactive labels.
And the molecular weight of interferon-2b, according to the information provided in the instructions for the drug, is 19,300 Daltons. That is, there is nothing strange and contradictory in the fact that the drug is absorbed from the rectum - no.
Russian experience
Currently, interferon preparations for rectal administration are widely used in Russia and the countries of the former CIS. Both in outpatient practice and in hospitals. Virtually no side effects. And, according to the doctors who use them, they give good results from the application.
All rectal drugs and most other interferon drugs are allowed from birth.
Personally, as a pediatrician, I also use drugs of this group in my practice. And I think they are quite effective.
Read more about interferons for intranasal use. About interferons for rectal administration here.
Endogenous interferon inducers Immunomodulators
They are immunostimulants, spur the body, forcing it to produce its own interferon. These drugs are prescribed with caution and at fairly long intervals, since if the body is often spurred, its resources are depleted over time. And the effect of the drug is reduced.
These include: Kagocel, Derinat and Tsitovir. All drugs are relatively new Russian developments. Abroad, their effectiveness against viruses is questioned.
They are successfully used in Russia.
Combined drugs The best antiviral agent for children?
Antiviral + endogenous interferon inducers
These drugs act directly on the viruses themselves. So, at the same time, they stimulate the body's production of its own interferon. Medicines in this group are not prescribed for children under 2 years of age, since they have side effects.
These include: Amiksin, Cycloferon, Arbidol, Isoprinosin, Panavir, Ingavirin.
Among them, only Isoprinosine is obtained in the United States and is used and registered in 70 countries. Other drugs are domestic developments.
Flu Medications The Best Antiviral For Children?
These drugs act exclusively on the influenza virus. Moreover, over time, the influenza virus can acquire drug resistance. In relation to ARVI, these drugs are ineffective. Applied and registered all over the world.
These include Remantadin and Tamiflu, allowed for children from 1 year old and Relenza, used in children from 5 years old.
Herpes medicines
This includes drugs with proven efficacy against viruses of the herpes family: Acyclovir (Zovirax) and others.
Antiviral drugs for children age dosages of the treatment and prevention regimen
This is all about the best antiviral for children. Stay healthy!
Most often, children suffer from colds and infectious diseases. These diseases are evidence of low immunity, high susceptibility to cold, bacteria and viruses. Of course, every mother wants her child to smile as soon as possible and be healthy. Therefore, antiviral drugs are used for children. Let's consider the most popular ones.
Oscillococcinum with ARVI
Among antiviral drugs, Aflubin, Vibrukol and Otsillococcinum have become popular. The last homeopathic remedy has an immunostimulating effect, but only on condition that the medicine began to be used in the prodromal period. When using homeopathy, an individual approach works: that is, it helps some children, almost no others. This is fine. But in order not to waste time and prevent the disease from progressing in the child's body, from taking homeopathic medicines, including Oscillococcinum, sometimes you have to refuse or replace them with other medicines of a similar effect. A doctor should pick them up for a child.
Tamiflu for ARVI
Tamiflu is an antiviral drug with oseltamivir carboxylate. It suppresses influenza viruses, but is less effective with ARVI. The drug is contraindicated in children under one year old, has side effects in the form of nausea and diarrhea, lethargy and headaches. After researching this drug, Japanese scientists state that it is capable of causing other side effects, more serious. These are psychosis and depression, especially among the children's age group. Its side effects are similar to those of the flu, so you need to be careful with this medicine.
The best is the short-term use of Tamiflu at the very beginning of the development of the disease.
Rimantadin for ARVI
This antiviral drug is a derivative of Adamantadine. It suppresses strains of the influenza A. Rimantadine is contraindicated in children under 1 year old. Side effects include decreased attention and nervousness, headache and nausea, vomiting and dry mouth. These are the reviews that moms leave on the forums about Rimantadine. Trials of this drug have shown that it is less toxic than Amantadine. As an antiviral drug for children, Rimantadine is effective and copes with influenza viruses.
Groprinosin for ARVI
This drug has immunostimulating and antiviral effects. The drug is a complex of inosine and propanol. Groprinosine enhances antibody synthesis. It is well tolerated due to its low toxicity. With its timely appointment, the duration of the disease decreases, complications are excluded. Usually Groprinosin is prescribed to children from 2 to 12 years old at a dose of 50 mg three times a day.
Anaferon for children with ARVI
Anaferon is prescribed for children with ARVI and influenza, intestinal and neuroinfections. Treatment with Anaferon should be started as early as possible according to the following scheme: the first two hours the drug should be taken after 30 minutes, then 3 more doses at regular intervals throughout the day. On the second day, the drug is taken in a pill three times a day until recovery.
If on the third day of treatment there is no improvement in the child's condition, then you should contact the pediatrician. During an epidemic, Anaferon is recommended for children to take 1 tablet once a day as a prophylaxis. It is prescribed for babies, starting from the age of one month, by dissolving the pill in a small amount of warm boiled water.
Herbal antiviral drugs for children
Today, parents are increasingly giving preference to herbal medicines in the treatment of children. Plant immunostimulants occupy a special place among them. They are based on extracts of plantain and coltsfoot, Echinacea purpurea, knotweed and nettle, arnica and eucalyptus. Immunostimulating antiviral drugs for children mostly contain Echinacea purpurea. These are Immunal and Ehinabene. Children are recommended to take the above medicines as antiviral agents from the age of 12. Herbal preparation Bioaron S contains aloe extract, chokeberry juice and other auxiliary ingredients. Bioaron is allowed to be taken by children from 3 years old.
With cytomegalovirus infection, young patients over one year old can take Alpizarin. This is a herbal preparation made from two types of kopeck extract - alpine and yellowing. In it, the immunomodulatory effect is combined with antiviral.
Immunoflazid is a syrup made on the basis of pike and ground reed plants.
Imupret- a German preparation containing an extract of marshmallow root and chamomile flowers, field horsetail and walnut, yarrow and oak bark. Imupret and Imunoflazid are approved for use from birth.
Antiviral drugs for children under one year old
Since at this age children are very sensitive, vulnerable to drugs, in no case should they be treated on their own. There is no need to listen to the advice of neighbors and advertisements, because medications cannot be equally effective for different children with different types and manifestations of the disease. But usually the treatment regimens for colds in children under one year old are similar. Babies are prescribed antipyretic drugs. Their assortment is wide enough. So, Efferalgan in the form of a syrup is given to children from 1 month to 12 years old. Efferalgan in the form of suppositories is prescribed from 3 months to 6 at a dosage of 80 mg, and from 6 months to 3 years - 150 mg. Children's Panadol can be used in the form of a suspension for children from 3 months, and Panadol suppositories are recommended for use from 6 months.
Suppositories Viferon are prescribed, if necessary, to children from the first days of life.
Runny nose in babies from one month of age is treated with baby Nazivin 0.01%. Protalgol treats snot in children after a year. But pediatricians prescribe it for up to a year. He copes with the disease in a couple of days.
For the treatment of children under one year old, other antiviral drugs are used, but they should be prescribed only by a specialist after collecting an anamnesis of the disease and taking into account the individual characteristics of a small patient.
You should know that already in the first days, the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor should show its effectiveness. But if after three days there is no clear progress in the state of health after three days of strict adherence to medical recommendations, then it is necessary to consult a doctor again for advice and correction of treatment.
Antiviral drugs for children under 3 years old
After a year, the child's body is already stronger, immunity can cope with viruses. But children are not immune from viral diseases.
Most often, children under three years of age with acute respiratory viral infections, pediatricians prescribe suppositories Vibrucol, Otsillococcinum and Aflubin. Sometimes these are drugs EDAS-103 and EDAS-903. These homeopathic medicines activate the immunity of children. The above drugs provide real help in treatment only in the initial stage of the disease. If the child has been sick for several days, then they should not be used. At the same time, it is impossible to predict the effectiveness of drugs for each small patient in advance.
If during the day the homeopathic remedy does not have a positive effect on the course of the disease, then it is not recommended to continue its use.
For children under three years of age, among the drugs of the antiviral group, Arbidol and Rimantadin, Ribavirin are more often used. When infected with the Epstein-Barr virus, pediatricians usually prescribe Acyclovir as a gentle and safe drug against this group of viruses.
Children at this age are prescribed Immunoflazid, Imupret, Tamiflu.
Parents should take into account that children should be closely monitored after taking medication. Never leave them alone after taking pills, syrups. It is during the period of treatment that children experience allergic reactions to certain components of the drugs that you do not know about. Therefore, be alert to any warning signs of your baby's behavior during treatment.
Timely prevention and treatment, ARVI and other diseases caused by viruses is the key to the successful recovery of a child, especially for newborns and infants. only remove the symptoms, and in order to overcome the activity of the causative agents of the virus, you need to use antiviral drugs for infants.
Means for combating viral pathogens differ in their origin and type of exposure; their main groups can be distinguished:
Homeopathic remedies
They are distinguished by a mild effect due to their natural origin, they act slowly. The most common:
- Aflubin;
- Oscillococcinum;
- Viburcol;
- Influcid.
If a homeopathic remedy as an antiviral drug for children from 1 year old does not bring relief within a day after its use, it should be changed to another medicine.
Children under one year old are allowed to use Aflubin with herbal extracts of gentian and aconite in the composition, it relieves inflammation, lowers the temperature.
Oscillococcinum belongs to effective homeopathic medicines, has a pleasant taste, is good as a means of preventing viral infections.
Interferons (suppositories, tablets and nasal drops)
They significantly alleviate the condition of the child, the result from their use is visible within three days. It:
- Interferon;
- Grippferon;
- Candles Viferon;
- Pills ;
- Ergoferon.
Recommended as antiviral drugs for children under 1 year old, they have a good effect on pathogens of the virus, inhibiting their activity. Good results of use, absence of side effects recommends the use of interferon preparations even for newborn children.
Effective against influenza viruses, adenoviruses Grippferon, not addictive, reduces the likelihood of complications.
Anaferon has a special dosage for children, has no contraindications other than lactose intolerance.
It is important to know that viral diseases in infants are treated only under the supervision of a pediatrician, if convulsions, a sharp rise in temperature and vomiting occur, the baby is hospitalized with his mother in the hospital to monitor his condition.
Immunostimulating agents
These include:
- Immunal;
- Isoprinosine;
- Imudon;
- Groprinosin;
They are used both for the prevention of infection, and for fighting the disease and restoring the body's defenses after the illness. They are used as medicines as effective antiviral drugs for children over 1 year old, as well as antiviral drugs for children over 6 years old. The funds increase local immunity and help to quickly cope with a viral disease, preventing the spread of bacterial infection and deterioration of the general condition of the child.
Derinat drops actively fight viruses on the mucous membrane, treat sinusitis, (tonsillitis), improve natural immunity, showing good results, accelerating the child's recovery process.
Antiviral drugs of chemical origin
They are prescribed by a doctor in the acute course of the disease and to prevent relapses, they act in a targeted manner, destroying the virus and destroying its structure. These drugs include:
- Rimantadine;
- Arbidol;
- Acyclovir;
- Ribavirin;
- Tamiflu.
Recommended as antiviral drugs for children from 3 years old, who can more easily tolerate influenza and ARVI, therefore, chemically synthesized substances can be used. Due to its composition and dosage, they will accelerate the healing process and the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease in 5 days.
The Russian antiviral drug effectively treats the manifestations of colds and flu, you just need to strictly observe its dosage, for children it will be minimal. The drug is used in children from 7 years old.
- a drug with a synthesized interferon inducer, recommended for children from 7 years old, does not cause allergies and side effects.
How to use antiviral drugs correctly?
Before choosing an antiviral agent for your baby, be sure to consult a pediatrician and carefully read the instructions. Specify the dosage and frequency of use, the general course of treatment. The child's body may inadequately respond to chemical components, allergic reactions to the components of the drugs may occur.
Do not rush to use antiviral agents for children from 5 years old and bring down the temperature to, because the body produces its own interferon, resisting the attack of viruses. It is enough to provide an abundant warm drink, in the absence of allergies, you can give the child decoctions of herbs, rose hips, and prevent overheating of the child's body.
Antivirals for disease prevention
Contact with a large number of people during viral epidemics, visiting a kindergarten, school, hospital can be a threatening factor in contracting colds. What medications can I use? It is difficult to find the ideal "pill for influenza", the best antiviral drug; for prevention, the same drugs are used as for treatment, only in a lower dosage. For young children, these are Aflubin drops, Viferon candles, Grippferon drops in the nose before visiting crowded places. Antiviral drugs for children from 7 years old are practically the same as for adults, their list is large - Rimantadin, Immunal, Anaferon and Ergoferon. It helps to lubricate the nasal mucosa with oxolinic ointment before going outside. To increase immunity, an inexpensive tincture of echinacea and an extract of Eleutherococcus, used in the form of drops in an age-specific dosage, will help.
The most effective remedy against viruses is a healthy lifestyle, hardening, physical activity, fresh air. A healthy body develops its own defenses against any viral attacks, actively resists the effects of viruses.
Remember that only a doctor can make the correct diagnosis, do not self-medicate without consulting and diagnosing a qualified doctor.
Content
With the onset of cold weather, each parent thinks about how to protect the child from colds. If children have weak immunity, then tempering and taking special means will help. With an already ongoing illness, it is important to support the body in the fight against the virus and normalize health. Antiviral drugs for the child will help with this.
Types of antiviral drugs for children
Most viruses enter the human body through the nose and mouth, causing symptoms of the common cold and flu. Taking special tools will help block their distribution. Antivirals for children are divided into groups according to the principle of action:
|
Group name |
Operating principle |
Sample drugs |
|
Anti-influenza and antiherpetic drugs. which chemically affect the replication of a wide range of viruses, contribute to the production of their own interferon |
Anaferon, Arbidol |
|
|
Interferon based |
Grippferon, Alfaron |
|
|
Antiretroviral interferon inducers |
Activate processes that cause cells to produce their interferon |
Kagocel, Lavomax |
|
Neuraminidase inhibitors |
They inhibit specific proteins of the neuraminidase virus, prevent the pathogen from progressing |
Tamiflu, Relenza |
|
M2 channel blockers |
Suppress the activity of the virus |
Remantadine, Amantadine |
|
Specific hemagglutinin inhibitors |
Suppress the production of a hemagglutinin substance, which leads to the death of the pathogen |
Umifenovir, Immustat, Arbidol |
|
Homeopathy |
Affect viruses by plant extracts and mineral components |
Oscillococcinum, Aflubin, Influcid |
|
Herbal preparations |
Strengthen immunity, prevent pathogens from growing and multiplying |
Imupret, Echinacea extract, Immunorm |
Synthetic
Antiviral drugs for children from 3 years old may contain synthetic substances. They stimulate the production of the protein interferon in cells, which is naturally formed on the third day of a cold. The protein itself does not interact with the virus, but activates cells to fight it. Popular antiviral drugs to combat ARVI:
|
Immunoflazid |
Rimantadin (Remantadin) |
|
|
Release form |
Tablets, syrup Orvirem |
|
|
Active substance |
Proteflazid derived from a mixture of herbs, ethanol,halene |
Rimantadine hydrochloride - amantadine derivative |
|
Operating principle |
Suppression of viral DNA and RNA replication |
Suppresses the growth of the virus |
|
Contraindications |
Ulcer, autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivity to components |
Acute diseases of the liver, kidneys, thyrotoxicosis |
|
Side effects |
Gastrointestinal disorders, itching, burning of the skin, allergies, urticaria, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
Insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, nervousness, headache, decreased concentration |
|
Mode of application |
Take 20-30 minutes before meals, 0.5-9 ml twice a day, depending on age. The course lasts 2 weeks, with prophylaxis - a month at half the indicated dose, with an epidemic - 6 weeks. |
Adults 300 mg per day in 1-3 doses, for children 7-10 years old - 50 mg twice a day. for prophylaxis 50 mg once a day for a monthly course |
|
Cost, rubles |
250 for 100 ml |
170 for 20 tablets 50 mg |
Interferons
The best antiviral drugs for children are interferons because they are similar to human proteins. Such products contain artificial substances obtained with the help of bacteria. Interferon attaches to the cell walls, preventing the virus from penetrating into them. Popular antiviral drugs:
|
Nazoferon |
||
|
Release form |
Rectal suppositories, gel |
Nasal drops |
|
Active substance |
Interferon human recombinant alpha (antioxidant) |
|
|
Operating principle |
Enhances the activity of natural T-killers, phagocytosis, inhibits viral replication |
Eliminates inflammation, activates immunity, inhibits virus replication |
|
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity to components |
|
|
Side effects |
Allergies, itching, skin rashes |
|
|
Mode of application |
1 suppository twice a day for a course of 5 days, premature babies - 1 pc. three times a day |
3-6 times drip into the nose, 1-2 drops for a course of 5 days. For prophylaxis, repeat the dose for 6-7 days in a row, in case of an epidemic - once in the morning for 1-2 days. |
|
Price |
970 for 10 pcs. concentration of 3 million IU |
|
Immunostimulants
Antiviral agents for children from 1 year old may contain immunostimulating substances. They do not attack viruses directly, but force the immune system to work hard. The funds are highly efficient and affordable. These include:
|
Release form |
Oral drops, tablets |
Solution for injection, spray for douching, micro enema, dropper, nasal drops |
|
Active substance |
Dried Juice of Freshly Harvested Echinacea Herb |
Sodium deoxyribonucleate |
|
Operating principle |
Stimulating immunity, increasing the body's resistance, increasing white blood cells and stimulating their phagocytic activity |
Modulates immunity |
|
Contraindications |
Tuberculosis, allergy to Compositae, collagenosis, multiple sclerosis, HIV |
Hypersensitivity to the components of the composition |
|
Side effects |
Skin rash, shortness of breath, decreased pressure, dizziness, bronchospasm, itching, leukopenia. |
Pain at the injection site, hypoglycemia |
|
Mode of application |
Drops are prescribed for patients over 12 years old, 1-2.5 ml three times a day. Tablets can be taken from 6 years old, 1 pc. 1-3 times a day. The course lasts at least 7 days, no longer than 8 weeks. |
Intramuscularly injected every 12-24 hours: for children under 2 years old - 7.5 mg (0.5 ml); from 2 to 10 years - at the rate of 0.5 ml per year of life; over 10 years old - 75 mg. The course is 3-5 injections. |
|
Price |
380 for 20 tablets |
2000 for 5 vials of 5 ml solution for injection |
Vegetable
Antiviral drugs for children under 1 year old often contain herbal ingredients. These include extracts of echinacea, ginseng, arnica, coltsfoot, plantain, marshmallow, eucalyptus, nettle. Known remedies:
|
Bioaron S |
||
|
Release form |
Oral drops, pills |
|
|
Active substance |
Aloe leaf extract, chokeberry fruit juice, ascorbic acid |
Extracts of marshmallow, chamomile, horsetail, walnut, yarrow, oak, dandelion, sorrel, primrose |
|
Operating principle |
Stimulating the immune system, increasing the body's resistance to viruses, improving appetite |
Stimulation of immunity, increased phagocytosis, bactericidal effect |
|
Contraindications |
Acute inflammation of the digestive system, age up to 3 years, fructose intolerance, sucrase-isomaltase deficiency |
Allergy to Compositae, the period after alcoholism treatment, liver disease, traumatic brain injury, age up to a year |
|
Side effects |
Allergies, diarrhea, nausea |
Shortness of breath, fever, purulent sputum, loss of concentration, indigestion |
|
Mode of application |
Inside 35 minutes before meals, 5 ml twice a day for a course of 2 weeks. |
Inside, 5-25 drops 3-6 times a day |
|
Price |
280 for 100 ml |
500 for 100 ml |
Homeopathic
Complex homeopathic remedies evoke ambiguous feelings among doctors. Someone considers them a placebo, while others use them in the treatment of children, because they do not see danger in drugs. The basis of these funds are plant, animal and mineral substances. Antiviral drugs of the group include:
|
Viburcol |
Oscillococcinum |
||
|
Release form |
Tablets, drops, spray |
Rectal suppositories |
|
|
Active substance |
Gentian, aconite, bryony, iron phosphate, lactic acid |
Chamomile, Belladonna Baragaris, Fructose, Calcium Carbonate |
Anas barbarielium, hepatic et cordis extract, sucrose, lactose |
|
Operating principle |
Increasing the activity of local immunity, normalizing the functions of the mucous membrane |
Sedative, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory action |
Unknown |
|
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity to the components of the composition |
Lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption |
|
|
Side effects |
Allergy |
Increased salivation, allergies |
|
|
Mode of application |
1-10 drops (1 / 2-1 tablet) 3-8 times a day, for prevention - twice a day for a course of 3 weeks, emergency prevention consists in taking a dose twice a day for a course of 2 days. Drops are diluted with water or milk, taken half an hour before or one hour after a meal. |
1 suppository 3-4 times per hour with exacerbations, after - 1 suppository 2-3 times per day. Children up to six months are given 1 piece. twice a day |
Dissolve under the tongue 15 minutes before or an hour after meals, 1 dose per day. For prophylaxis, it is prescribed in a dose once a week. In case of severe disease, 1 granule in the morning and in the evening for a course of 1-3 days. |
|
Price |
500 for 24 tablets |
370 for 12 pcs. |
1300 for 30 doses |
Forms of release of antiviral drugs for children
Different formats of medicines can be used to treat a child. Most often these are oral agents - tablets, capsules, syrups, drops, solutions, suspensions. For acute illnesses and at a young age, it is better to use suppositories that act instantly. For eye diseases, drops are used, with the development of acute inflammation - nasal drops. For skin lesions, creams and ointments can be used.
Pills
For oral administration, tabletted antiviral drugs for a child are intended. Most Popular:
|
Anaferon |
||
|
Release format |
Tablets, drops |
Capsules, tablets, powder for suspension against chickenpox, ARVI, herpes |
|
Active ingredient |
Affinity purified antibodies to human interferon gamma |
|
|
Mechanism of work |
Immunomodulation, a decrease in the concentration of viruses in the affected tissues |
Induction of interferon synthesis, stimulation of immunity, phagocytosis |
|
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity to components, age up to a month |
Age up to two years, mononucleosis |
|
Side effects |
Increased sensitivity |
Allergy |
|
Admission rules |
Take a tablet between meals. With the flu, the first two hours are taken 1 pc. every half hour, then on the first day 3 more doses, from the second day - three times a day. |
Swallow a capsule of 50-200 mg per day for a course of 10-14 days. In case of an epidemic, take twice a week for a course of 3 weeks. |
|
210 for 20 tablets |
460 for 20 capsules 100 mg |
Candles
The most popular children's antiviral agent in the format of candles is Genferon Light. His instruction:
|
Genferon Light |
|
|
Release format |
Rectal suppositories, drops |
|
Active ingredient |
Recombinant human interferon alpha, taurine, anestezin |
|
Mechanism of work |
Enhances natural killer cell activity, inhibits viral replication and transcription |
|
Contraindications |
Exacerbation of allergies, autoimmune diseases |
|
Side effects |
Itching, burning, loss of appetite, sweating, joint pain |
|
Admission rules |
Vaginally or rectally at a dosage of 125-250 thousand IU, 1 pc. twice a day for a course of 10 days |
|
350 for 10 pcs. |
Suspensions
For oral administration, suspensions can be used. They are quickly absorbed and work. Antiviral drugs of the group:
|
Orvirem (Algirem) |
Tsitovir-3 |
|
|
Release format |
Capsules, powder for solution preparation |
|
|
Active ingredient |
Rimantadine hydrochloride |
Sodium alginate, thymogen, bendazole, vitamin C |
|
Mechanism of work |
Raises the pH of endosomes, prevents prolonged fusion of the viral envelope with the cell |
Immunomodulation, antiviral action, can be used as prevention of influenza |
|
Contraindications |
Age up to one year, thyrotoxicosis, epilepsy |
Diabetes mellitus, age up to one year |
|
Side effects |
Nausea, vomiting, flatulence, headache, asthenia, hyperbilirubinemia |
Decreased blood pressure, allergies, urticaria |
|
Admission rules |
10-15 ml 1-2 times a day for a course of 10-15 days |
Half an hour before meals, 2-12 ml three times a day or 1 capsule three times a day for a course of 4 days |
|
340 per 100 ml |
Nasal drops
For a runny nose that accompanies a cold, nasal drops should be used. Antiviral drugs for a child:
|
Grippferon |
|||
|
Release format |
Ointment, drops, spray |
Lyophilisate for solution preparation |
|
|
Active ingredient |
Recombinant alpha-2 human interferon |
Interferon gamma |
|
|
Mechanism of work |
Prevents viruses from invading and multiplying in the cell |
Immunomodulation |
|
|
Contraindications |
Intolerance to components, severe allergies |
Intolerance to components, age up to 7 years |
|
|
Side effects |
Allergy |
Headache, weakness, joint pain Ophthalmoferon |
|
|
Release format |
Eye drops |
||
|
Active ingredient |
Recombinant human interferon alpha-2, diphenhydramine, boric acid |
Para-aminobenzoic acid |
|
|
Mechanism of work |
Regenerating effect, local anesthesia, immunomodulation |
Induction of synthesis of enterogenic interferon |
|
|
Contraindications |
Intolerance to components |
||
|
Side effects |
Itching, burning |
Allergy, conjunctival hyperemia |
|
|
Admission rules |
Instillation 1-2 drops 6-8 times a day for an acute process, 2-3 times a day for stopping |
||
|
290 for 10 ml |
|||
Ointments and creams
For external treatment of the skin and mucous membranes when they are affected by viruses, agents in the form of ointments and creams are used. Antiviral drugs of the group:
|
Acyclovir |
||
|
Release format |
Ointment, tablets, cream |
|
|
Active ingredient |
Acyclovir |
|
|
Mechanism of work |
Virucidal against influenza virus |
Antiherpetic action, effective against lichen |
|
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity |
Intolerance to components, age up to 3 years |
|
Side effects |
Rhinorrhea, burning, dermatitis, skin staining |
Angioedema, keratopathy, mild burning sensation, blepharitis and conjunctivitis when used on the eyes |
|
Admission rules |
For prophylaxis, lubricate the nasal mucosa 2-3 times a day for a course of 25 days, in the treatment of rhinitis - 2-3 times a day for a course of 3-4 days, in case of eye lesions in ophthalmology - lay behind the eyelid at night |
Lubricate the skin and mucous membranes 2-3 times a day until symptoms stop |
|
22 for 10 g of 5% ointment |
Video
Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can diagnose and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.
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