Electricencephalography (EEG) is called the method of studying the work of the brain, based on the registration of electrical pulses emanating from its individual zones and regions. Such diagnostics practically does not have contraindications; It is fundamental to identifying some other brain pathologies. For electroencephalography (EEG) requires preliminary training. The result is deciphered by a joint doctor conducting research (neurophysiologist) and the patient.
What it is
The brain consists of a huge number of neurons, each of which is the generator of its own electrical impulse. Pulses must be agreed within small areas of the brain; Can enhance or loosening each other. The strength and amplitude of these microtons are not stable, but should change.
To register this electric (it is called bioelectric) The activity of the brain can be used using special metal electrodes imposed on intact head skin. They capture brain fluctuations, strengthen them and write down in the form of various oscillations. This is called electroencephalography, and for a person dedicated to this "cipher" is a graphic display of the brain in real time.
Recorded on paper or displayed on the oscillation monitor are called waves. Depending on their shape, amplitude and frequency, specialists share them on alpha, beta, delta-, theta, MJ waves.
For what you need EEG
Diagnostics makes it possible:
- evaluate the nature and degree of violation of the brain;
- study sleep and wake up shift;
- set the side and location of the pathological focus;
- clarify other types of diagnosis, for example, computer tomography, when a person has symptoms of neurological diseases, and other research methods do not detect any structural defect;
- trace the effectiveness of drugs;
- find brain sites in which;
- evaluate how the brain works between the periods;
- determine the reasons for fainting.
The very place of development of the structural pathological process EEG does not see ". And in the event that a person has an attack of convulsion or their equivalents, the study will be informative only in a week or more after it.
Indications
Electricencephalography is widely used in the practice of a neuropathologist. It not only helps to identify epilepsy, but spent with light or sound, it allows you to distinguish the true disorder of vision or hearing from the hysterical, as well as the simulation of such a state.
EEG is shown at:
- (, alparing, sleepy apnea);
- convulsive attacks;
- identified endocrine diseases;
- pathologies of the vessels of the head and neck (detected by the ultrasound);
- after or;
- frequent headaches;
- feeling constant fatigue;
- after the neurosurgical operation;
- more than one episode of fainting;
- panic attacks;
- diancephal cries;
- any brain lesions developed to childbirth or after them;
- speech delay;
- authisme;
- frequent awakening in a dream.
Contraindications
There are no absolute contraindications to perform EEG. If there are convulsive seizures, the person is sick of coronary heart disease, hypertension, suffers from mental disorders, during diagnostics (especially if functional samples are required) is a anesthesiologist.
Preparation
Observe a certain diet, starve or produce the intestine before conducting the EEG, it is not necessary, but the study is carried out after complying with several rules of preparation for it:
- Cancel or not the planned reception of drugs must decide the doctor. This should be advised to him in advance.
- 12 hours before the survey, it is necessary to stop receiving foods containing caffeine or energy: coffee, chocolate, tea, cola, energy drinks.
- Wash your head, do not apply on the hair after washing any means (varnishes, air conditioners, masks, oils), as it will provide insufficient contact of the electrodes with the scalp.
- You need to eat a couple of hours before the procedure.
- EEG is carried out in a calm state, that is, it is impossible to nervous and worry when conducting research.
- If the doctor needs to identify the convulsive activity of the brain, he may ask the patient to sleep a small amount of time before the study. In this case, it is impossible to get to the medical institution, being driving.
- Do not undergo an ARVI study.
- Do not perform a survey with a hairstyle on your head.
The study is not contraindicated for children and pregnant women, but in these periods it is performed without functional samples.
If the EEG needs to hold a child, then before:
- parents need to explain to him the essence of the procedure that it will not hurt;
- to take on to wear a hat (for the pool, sports), feeding it in the form of playing in pilots, tankers, divers;
- practice deeply breathe;
- wash your head, do not braid hair, remove the earrings;
- before entering the child, feed and calm down;
- take with you tasty food and drink, toys and books (soothe, distract from the procedure).
Procedure course
This type of diagnostics is usually carried out during the daytime, but sometimes more informative is the EEG of sleep.
The patient takes place in a special room, isolated from light and sound; They put on a special hat with electrodes on his head, he sits down in a comfortable chair or falls on the couch. Only he remains in the room, communication with doctors is supported using a microphone and camera.
Several times the patient is offered to close and open the eyes to evaluate the artifacts that appear on the encephalogram during the blink. At the time of the diagnosis of eyes remain closed.
If at some point the procedure of the procedure you need to change the situation or visit the toilet, it reports that researcher. Diagnostics is suspended.
To diagnose hidden epilepsy, various samples can be used:
- With a flash of bright light;
- With monotonous turning on light;
- With hyperventilation, for which the patient is asking a deeply breathing several times (the head can be spinning on this background, but it fits as soon as it will breathe as usual);
- With loud sound;
- With a falling asleep - independent or using a sedative.
In all these cases, a convulsive attack or its equivalents can develop.
It lasts the procedure from 45 minutes to 2 hours at daytime. After her end, a person can return to the usual classes.
EEG price in Moscow
EEG is carried out both in state medical institutions and private clinics.
In budgetary medical and preventive institutions, the cost of the study is 400-1500 rubles. Private medical centers of Moscow, for example, "Niarmedik", "SM-Clinic", "Dobromed", "Mental Health" and others suggest this diagnosis for 1500-3300 rubles.
On the video story about the progress of the procedure:
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