Influenza infection is one of the viral diseases that annually cause epidemics in a particular region of our country. Most people tolerate the disease without consequences, but there are cases when the influenza virus behaves very aggressively and provokes the development of complications.
An infectious disease can cause viral damage to the lungs, heart, and brain tissue. Often, such pathological processes progress rapidly, being the culprit in the death of patients. That is why epidemiologists strongly recommend that people get vaccinated against the flu in order to protect themselves from possible danger.
The most vulnerable to influenza infection are children, older patients and immunocompromised people. These categories of the population should be vaccinated first.
The modern pharmaceutical market offers several options for the flu vaccine, among which the inactivated trivalent split vaccine Vaxigrip enjoys respect and popularity.
This prophylactic is a highly purified immune preparation for the prevention of disease in children from 6 months.
Vaxigrip promotes the formation of humoral and cellular immunity, which is retained in the body for a whole year.
What strains are included?
Each dose of Vaxigrip adult or pediatric vaccine contains three strains of influenza virus in an inactivated state. This solution is a colorless immune liquid without inclusions or mechanical particles.
The strain composition of the drug is reviewed annually by the World Health Organization, which offers its vision for the northern regions.
Vaccine Vaxigrip
As a rule, the antigenic composition of the Vaxigrip vaccine includes the two most dangerous strains of type A influenza virus and one strain of type B influenza virus.
In the preparation, they are presented as A (HnNn), A (HnNn) and B, where n is a type of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, relevant and recommended by WHO in a particular season.
When should you get the flu shot?
The main indication for the use of an influenza vaccine is the prevention of influenza in children and adults, which allows a person to avoid contracting an infectious disease or to endure it in a mild form and without any complications.
Immunologists allow the use of Vaxigrip in relation to people of all ages. According to the instructions, children can be immunized with the vaccine, starting at six months.
- older people over the age of 60;
- children of preschool age and students of secondary schools, lyceums, technical schools, etc.;
- service workers and medical personnel who are in daily contact with a huge number of other people;
- people with reduced immunity, often suffering from colds or chronic pathologies of internal organs;
- patients suffering from cardiovascular pathologies;
- people with respiratory diseases, especially bronchial asthma;
- patients with chronic renal failure;
- diabetics or people with other metabolic disorders;
- patients receiving chemotherapy or cytotoxic drugs that suppress the immune system.
In the presence of pathological processes in the body, experts recommend that a person protect himself from the flu and do it using the drug Vaxigrip.
As you know, the influenza virus in the course of its life releases a dangerous toxin that can impair the functioning of internal organs. In people suffering from concomitant pathologies, this harmful substance potentiates the exacerbation of chronic conditions and causes the development of complications from the affected tissues.
Instructions for use of the Vaxigrip vaccine
The annotation that is attached to the vaccine indicates the main dosages of the drug:
- children from 6 months to three years old are injected with 0.25 ml of the solution;
- children after three years and adults who have not previously been vaccinated, the vaccine is administered at a dose of 0.5 ml twice with an interval of one month;
- children from three years old and adult patients who have, are vaccinated at a dose of 0.5 ml once.
It is forbidden to use the drug if it takes the form of a cloudy liquid or has any inclusions, foreign particles, sediment. The vaccine solution is administered intramuscularly or deep under the skin. Avoid getting the immune drug into the vascular bed, that is, do not administer the solution intravenously.
The vaccine is contained in a disposable syringe that holds 0.5 ml of solution. When vaccinating a child at a dose of 0.25 ml, half the contents of the syringe must be released using a piston and only then the solution should be injected into the baby's body.
In the case of a set of the drug from the ampoule, you need to take it in the required amount, and dispose of the rest of the liquid. Immediately before use, the vaccine should be warmed to room temperature and shaken well until a homogeneous composition is obtained.
After the introduction of the vaccine, the patient develops a reliable humoral and cellular immunity lasting 1 year.
In our country, an injection of Vaxigrip is advised to be given at the beginning of autumn, which will avoid possible infection.
Contraindications for use
The main limitations to the use of Vaxigrip are:
- hypersensitivity of a person to the components of the vaccine, neomycin, egg white;
- availability of information about previous episodes of vaccination;
- children's age up to six months;
- acute diseases that are accompanied by fever and catarrhal phenomena;
- exacerbation of chronic pathology;
- epilepsy.
The vaccine during pregnancy is administered only after the permission of the attending physician. Despite the fact that in medical practice there is no information about the toxic effect of the drug on the fetus, experts prohibit its use in the first trimester of pregnancy. During the period of breastfeeding, women can enter Vaxigrip, but only after a detailed examination of the patient by a doctor.
Overdose and side effects
Sometimes the use of a vaccine can provoke the development of adverse reactions, which in the vast majority of clinical cases pass without a trace after 1-2 days and do not need medical correction.
Among the local reactions to the vaccine preparation Vaxigrip, the following should be highlighted:
- redness at the injection site;
- swelling of the soft tissues around the injection mark;
- swelling and moderate soreness after vaccination;
- the formation of an infiltrate at the injection site with tissue compaction.
It is extremely rare for doctors to diagnose common side effects of vaccination, namely:
- increase in overall body temperature to subfebrile values;
- chills;
- development of malaise and general weakness;
- lethargy and decreased performance;
- the occurrence of catarrhal manifestations in the form of a runny nose, coughing, soreness in the throat;
- headaches and dizziness;
- pain in the muscles and aches in the joints;
- convulsions - extremely rare;
- neurological disorders.
In order not to face the undesirable effects of vaccination, before the procedure it is necessary to take a blood test to determine the hidden symptoms of inflammation and undergo a full examination by a doctor.
An overdose of the drug is practically impossible, since the entire procedure is carried out and controlled by specialists with special education and skills.
Price in pharmacies and vaccine analogues
The cost of the drug can hardly be called a budget. One dose of Vaxigrip can be purchased at pharmacies at a cost that varies between 1200-1400 rubles. The price of the vaccine depends on the region of its distribution, the pricing policy of the pharmacy.
- Agrippal– trivalent subunit inactivated influenza vaccine made in Switzerland;
- Grippol Neo and Grippol Plus- inactivated adjuvant trivalent suspensions of domestic origin, which are highly effective and have no side reactions;
- Influvac is a popular inactivated influenza vaccine given to children after six months and adults.
For the prevention of influenza, inactivated (split) (influenza vaccine (split virion), inactivated)
Composition and form of release of the drug
Suspension for intramuscular and s / c administration slightly whitish, slightly opalescent.
Excipients: buffer solution (, potassium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, potassium dihydrophosphorus, water for injections) - up to 0.25 ml.
Does not contain adjuvants and preservatives.
Industrial impurities (content in 1 dose): formaldehyde - no more than 15 mcg, octoxynol-9 - no more than 100 mcg, - no more than 10 pg, ovalbumin - no more than 0.025 mcg.
0.25 ml - syringes (1) - closed cell packages (1) - cardboard packs.
The strain composition of the vaccine complies with WHO recommendations for the Northern Hemisphere and the EU decision on the composition of vaccines for the current influenza epidemic season.
pharmachologic effect
Inactivated purified split influenza vaccine. Prevents diseases caused by influenza A and B.
Induces the formation of humoral antibodies to hemagglutinins that neutralize influenza viruses. Seroprotective antibody levels are usually reached within 7-10 days after vaccine administration. The duration of post-vaccination immunity to homologous or related strains varies from 6 to 12 months.
Indications
Flu prevention.
Contraindications
Acute infectious diseases, exacerbations of chronic diseases, hypersensitivity to the active or auxiliary components of the vaccine; hypersensitivity to sulfate, formaldehyde, merthiolate, sodium deoxycholate, egg and chicken protein used in the process.
Dosage
For different age categories, appropriate vaccine preparations should be used, taking into account contraindications.
Vaccination should be carried out before the start of the epidemic influenza season or taking into account the epidemic situation.
The vaccine is administered intramuscularly or deeply subcutaneously. In patients with thrombocytopenia and other diseases of the coagulation system, the vaccine should be administered SC. Under no circumstances should the vaccine be administered intravenously.
Side effects
System reactions: possibly - a slight short-term increase in body temperature, febrile conditions, general malaise (these phenomena disappear on their own within 1-2 days); extremely rarely - neuralgia, paresthesia, convulsions, transient thrombocytopenia, neurological disorders, vasculitis.
Allergic reactions: in patients with known sensitivity to individual components of the vaccine - pruritus, urticaria, rash; extremely rare - severe allergic reactions, such as.
Local reactions: soreness, redness and swelling at the injection site.
drug interaction
The effectiveness of immunization may be reduced due to simultaneous immunosuppressive therapy, as well as in the presence of immunodeficiency.
special instructions
This vaccine prevents diseases caused by the influenza virus and does not prevent upper respiratory tract infections caused by other pathogens.
For non-severe acute respiratory viral infections, acute intestinal diseases, vaccination is carried out immediately after the temperature returns to normal.
When using the vaccine, it is necessary to always have the means available, which may be required in the event of the development of rare anaphylactic reactions after administration. For this reason, the vaccinated person must be under medical supervision for 30 minutes after immunization.
False-positive serological tests have been reported following influenza vaccination using ELISA to detect antibodies against HIV 1, and in particular human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV 1), which may be due to an immune response (IgM production) to vaccination.
Pregnancy and lactation
Currently, there is insufficient data on the embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of this vaccine.
The need for a vaccine during lactation is decided by the doctor individually.
Vaxigrip: instructions for use and reviews
Latin name: Vaxigrip
ATX Code: J07BB01
Active substance: inactivated split gravedo virus
Producer: Sanofi Pasteur SA (France)
Description and photo update: 16.08.2019
Vaxigrip is a vaccine for the prevention of influenza, which forms the development of specific immunity (lasting from 6 to 12 months) to epidemically relevant strains of influenza A and B.
Release form and composition
The dosage form of Vaxigrip is a suspension for intramuscular and subcutaneous administration, a slightly whitish, slightly opalescent liquid. Issued by:
- 0.5 ml of vaccine in a syringe, 1 syringe in a closed blister pack, 1 pack in a carton box;
- 0.5 ml of vaccine in an ampoule, 10 ampoules in a blister pack, in a carton pack of 2 packs (20 ampoules);
- 1 dose of vaccine (0.25 ml) in a syringe, 1 syringe in a closed blister pack, 1 pack in a carton box;
- 5 ml vial (vial), 1 pc. in a cardboard box.
1 dose (0.5 / 0.25 ml) includes active substances - hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of the following viral strains:
- A (H1 N1) - 15/7.5 µg HA;
- A (H3 N2) - 15/7.5 µg HA;
- B - 15/7.5 µg HA.
Excipients: buffer solution (sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water for injection) - up to 0.5 ml.
Pharmacological properties
Vaxigrip contributes to the formation of high specific tissue and humoral immunity against influenza (strengthening of the body's defenses in a collision with epidemically relevant strains of the influenza virus types A and B included in this vaccine) in 80–95% of patients.
Antiviral antibodies, as a rule, are produced 10–15 days after vaccination, and immunity persists for 6–12 months.
Pharmacodynamics
Features of the pharmacodynamics of the drug are not well understood.
Pharmacokinetics
Detailed studies of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of Vaxigrip have not been conducted.
Indications for use
According to the instructions, Vaxigrip is used to prevent influenza in adults and children older than 6 months. Vaccination is allowed for the following diseases/conditions:
- Diabetes;
- Chronic renal failure;
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system and respiratory organs;
- Immunodeficiency (including HIV infection);
- Malignant diseases of the blood;
- Concomitant therapy with cytostatics, immunosuppressants, high doses of glucocorticosteroids;
- Radiation therapy.
Vaxigrip can be used by older people (over 65) and pregnant women who are at high risk of influenza infection.
Contraindications
- Acute febrile condition or exacerbation of chronic diseases (vaccination can be carried out after remission or recovery);
- Allergic reactions to previous use of the drug;
- Non-severe SARS (vaccination can be carried out after normalization of body temperature);
- Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, incl. to aminoglycosides and chicken protein.
The decision to vaccinate pregnant women should be made by the doctor individually, taking into account the risk of the disease and possible complications of influenza infection. It is most safe to vaccinate in the II-III trimesters of pregnancy.
The use of Vaxigrip during breastfeeding is possible, since the drug does not have a toxic and teratogenic effect on the fetus.
Instructions for use of Vaxigrip: method and dosage
Vaxigrip can be administered:
- Subcutaneously deep into the upper third of the outer surface of the shoulder;
- Intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle;
- In the anterolateral surface of the thigh - for young children.
Children from 6 months to 3 years old are administered once 0.25 ml of the drug; not vaccinated, and also not previously ill with influenza, the vaccine is administered twice with an interval of 4 weeks.
Adults and children from 3 years of age Vaxigrip is administered as a single dose of 0.5 ml.
Patients with immunodeficiency may double the introduction of the drug at 0.25 ml with an interval of 4 weeks.
Side effects
- Often - sweating, fatigue, headache, malaise, hyperthermia, trembling, soreness in the joints and muscles, neuralgia (transient, disappear after 1-2 days);
- Rarely - paresthesia, thrombocytopenia, neuritis, encephalomyelitis, convulsions, Guillain-Barré syndrome (an unequivocal relationship with vaccination has not been established);
- Very rarely - allergic reactions up to shock, vasculitis with transient renal dysfunction.
Of the local reactions, the most likely are: hyperemia, induration, soreness and swelling at the injection site, ecchymosis.
Overdose
Information on overdose of Vaxigrip is not provided by the manufacturer.
special instructions
Vaccination is carried out annually in the autumn-winter period. It can be carried out at the beginning of the epidemic rise in the incidence of influenza.
Intravenous administration of Vaxigrip is not allowed.
For non-severe acute respiratory viral infections and acute intestinal diseases, vaccination can be carried out after normalization of body temperature.
On the day of vaccination, patients should be examined by a doctor (paramedic). Vaccination is not carried out at a body temperature above 37 ° C.
After the use of Vaxigrip, false-positive results of serological tests are possible in enzyme immunoassay, which is due to the production of IgM.
Anti-shock medications (epinephrine, glucocorticosteroids, etc.) should be available in vaccination rooms.
Vaxigrip may contain trace amounts of gentamicin.
Vaccination does not affect the speed of psychomotor reaction and the ability to concentrate.
After immunization, the patient should be under the supervision of a health worker for half an hour.
The procedure of vaccination and opening of ampoules is carried out with strict observance of the rules of antisepsis and asepsis. In the opened ampoule, the drug is not subject to storage.
The drug with broken labeling or the integrity of the ampoules, stored in violation of the requirements, with changed physical properties (transparency, color) and expired, is not suitable for use.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
The results of studies on the use of the vaccine in pregnant women confirm the absence of a negative impact of vaccination on the fetus and the body of the expectant mother. The presence of embryotoxic and teratogenic effects has not been proven. The decision to vaccinate a pregnant woman is made on an individual basis exclusively by a specialist who takes into account the risk of contracting influenza and the possible occurrence of complications of this infectious disease. It is preferable to administer Vaxigrip in the II-III trimesters of pregnancy. If a pregnant woman is at increased risk of developing serious post-influenza complications, the vaccine is recommended at any stage of pregnancy.
Vaccination during lactation is allowed.
drug interaction
Vaxigrip can be used simultaneously with other inactivated vaccines, while taking into account contraindications for each of them (drugs should be injected with different syringes into different parts of the body).
Immunosuppressants and glucocorticosteroids lower the immune response to drug administration.
Analogues
Analogues of Vaksigrip are: Agrippal S1, Begrivak, Inactivated influenza vaccine eluate-centrifuge, Pandeflu.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a place protected from light, out of the reach of children, at a temperature of 2-8 °C. Do not freeze.
Shelf life - 12 months.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
It is applied only in the conditions of treatment-and-prophylactic establishments.
SPLIT VACCINE FOR FLU PREVENTION
STRAINS 2008/2009
VAXIGRIP
INFLUENZA VACCINE
(SPLIT VIRION,
INACTIVATED)
2009/20010 STRAINS
Registration certificate No. 014493/01-2002
Suspension for intramuscular and subcutaneous administration.
COMPOSITION
0.5 ml suspension contains:
Active ingredient: cultured on chicken embryos inactivated
split influenza viruses represented by strains equivalent to
as follows:
A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1)-like strain*. . . . . . . . . . . 15 mcg of hemagglutinin;
A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2)-like strain**. . . . . . . . . . 15 mcg of hemagglutinin;
B/Brisbane/60/2008-like strain*** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 micrograms of hemagglutinin.
* A/Brisbane/59/2007/H1N1/IVR-148
** A/Uruguay/716/2007/H3N2/NYMC X-175 C
***B/Brisbane/60/2008
Auxiliary components: buffer solution (sodium chloride, potassium chloride,
sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water for injection) - up to
0.5 ml.
The strain composition of the vaccine complies with WHO recommendations for the Northern
hemisphere and the EU decision on the composition of influenza vaccines for the 2009/2010 season.
Vaxigrip may contain no more than 0.05 micrograms of ovalbumin per dose.
DESCRIPTION
Slightly opalescent slightly whitish liquid.
IMMUNOBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Vaxigrip forms the development of specific immunity to epidemic
relevant strains of influenza A and B viruses contained in this vaccine.
Immunity develops between the 2nd and 3rd week after vaccination and
stored for 6 to 12 months.
PURPOSE
Prevention of influenza in adults and children from 6 months of age. Vaccination
particularly indicated for persons at increased risk of developing
post-influenza complications.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to any of the components of the vaccine, as well as components
chicken meat or chicken eggs, neomycin, formaldehyde and octoxynol-9.
In diseases accompanied by an increase in body temperature, as well as
in acute or exacerbation of a chronic disease, vaccination should be
postpone until recovery.
USE DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
The available data on the use of the vaccine in pregnant women do not indicate
the possibility of negative effects of vaccination on the fetus and the body
women. Vaccination with this drug can be carried out from
second trimester of pregnancy. For medical reasons, if available
increased risk of developing post-influenza complications, use
The vaccine can be used during breastfeeding.
METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSES
The vaccine is administered intramuscularly or deep subcutaneously. Do not enter
intravenously! The vaccine must be kept at room temperature before use.
temperature and shake.
Dosage: for children over 36 months and adults - 0.5 ml once; for
children aged 6 months to 35 months inclusive - 0.25 ml once.
Children younger than 9 years old who are getting their first flu vaccine
two injections of Vaxigrip with an interval of 4 weeks.
When using a syringe containing 0.5 ml of vaccine for immunization
children who are indicated for the introduction of a dose of 0.25 ml, it is necessary to remove half
contents by pushing the piston to the special notch. Patient to enter
the rest of the vaccine.
When using an ampoule containing 0.5 ml of vaccine for immunization of children,
which shows the introduction of a dose of 0.25 ml, it is necessary to take it with
using a syringe with the appropriate graduation. Remainder
the vaccine in the ampoule must be destroyed immediately.
SIDE EFFECT
During clinical trials, it was usually noted (with a frequency of
1/100 to 1/10):
General reactions: fever, malaise, chills, feeling
fatigue, headache, sweating, muscle pain (myalgia), pain in
joints (arthralgia).
Local reactions: redness, swelling, soreness, bruising
(ecchymosis), induration at the injection site.
These reactions usually resolve within 1-2 days and do not require special treatment.
With the massive use of Vaxigrip, in very rare cases, there were
the following adverse reactions:
From the circulatory and lymphatic systems: transient thrombocytopenia,
lymphadenopathy, vasculitis with possible short-term involvement of the kidneys (in
isolated cases)
From the side of the nervous system: paresthesia, Guillain-Barré syndrome, neuritis, neuralgia,
convulsions, encephalomyelitis;
Allergic reactions: urticaria, itching, skin rashes; dyspnea,
angioedema, shock.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Due to the fact that the incidence of influenza is seasonal,
the risk of catching the flu is highest.
The vaccine leads to the development of immunity against only 3 strains of the virus
influenza contained in the preparation or against strains similar to those indicated.
Vaxigrip does not provide the formation of immunity against influenza in case of
vaccinations in the incubation period of the disease, as well as against influenza,
caused by other strains of the virus . Vaxigrip does not shape development
immunity against diseases similar in symptoms to influenza, but
caused by other pathogens. Influenza vaccination carried out during
time of the previous epidemic season cannot provide a reliable
protection for the next season, because each epidemic season is characterized
its most common strains of influenza virus.
The doctor should be informed about the presence of an immunodeficiency in the patient,
allergies or an unusual reaction to a previous vaccination, or any
treatment that coincided with vaccination, or previous
vaccination.
The vaccine should not be used if the color of the suspension is uncharacteristic or
presence of foreign particles.
The use of this vaccine does not affect the ability to drive
or other technology.
The doctor should be informed about all cases of adverse reactions, not
limited to those listed in this manual.
Within a few days after vaccination, there may be cases
false positive results in the determination of antibodies to HIV-1, virus
hepatitis C and especially human T-lymphotropic virus type 1
enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) method. In these cases, the evaluation of the result,
obtained by ELISA, is produced using Western blotting.
When vaccinating, it is necessary to have medicines available,
necessary to provide emergency care in case of anaphylactic
reactions.
INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Vaxigrip can be administered simultaneously (on the same day) with other vaccines.
In this case, drugs should be administered to different parts of the body using
different syringes. The vaccine cannot be mixed with any other
drug in one syringe.
Patients on immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids,
cytotoxic or radioactive drugs), immune response after vaccination
may not be sufficient.
RELEASE FORM
0.5 ml of vaccine in a syringe, 1 syringe in a closed blister pack,
1 closed cell package with instructions for use in a cardboard box.
0.5 ml of vaccine in an ampoule, 10 ampoules in a blister pack,
2 blisters (20 ampoules) with instructions for use in
cardboard box.
BEST BEFORE DATE
12 months. The expiry date is the last day of the month
indicated on the package.
Do not use after the expiry date stated on the packaging.
STORAGE CONDITIONS
Store in refrigerator (2 to 8°C), protected from light. Not
freeze.
Keep out of the reach of children.
HOLIDAY CONDITIONS
Syringes: By prescription.
Ampoules: For medical institutions.
Report any unusual vaccine reactions to the National
control authority for medical immunobiological preparations - FGUN
“State Research Institute of Standardization and Control
medical biological preparations. L.A. Tarasevich” Rospotrebnadzor
(119002, Moscow, per. Sivtsev-Vrazhek, 41, tel. 241-39-22) and Representative office
Sanofi Pasteur in the CIS countries (115035, Moscow, Sadovnicheskaya st., 82, bldg.
2, tel. 935-86-90).
MANUFACTURER
Sanofi Pasteur S.A., 2, avenue Pont Pasteur 69007, Lyon, France__
VACCINATION SCHEME
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It should be especially noted that, unlike some other imported vaccines registered in Russia (for example, Influvac), this dosing regimen is fully consistent with international recommendations. In particular, a completely identical vaccination schedule is recommended in the USA. Half dose of Vaxigrip vaccine(0.25 ml, half adult dose, special formulation) is used in children up to 36 months of age. Full dose(0.5 ml) is used in children over 36 months and adults. Why do children under 8 years of age who have not been vaccinated before need two doses of the vaccine 1 month apart? Like any other inactivated vaccine in children, the Vaxigrip vaccine requires repeated injections, since the strength of the immune response to one vaccination is not enough. This is explained by the so-called. the booster phenomenon boost- strengthening), which lies in the fact that repeated introductions of antigens cause a faster and stronger immune response than their initial introduction. In turn, the booster phenomenon is based on the appearance after the first vaccination of special immune memory cells that remember the structure of the antigen and, if it appears again in the body, help the immune system produce antibodies faster and in greater quantities. Thus, the flu vaccine, as it were, consists of primary vaccination and revaccination, similar to DTP and ATP vaccinations. In the case where the child was vaccinated in previous years, the previous vaccination is the primary vaccination, and the current vaccination is the booster vaccination. In Russia, special studies were conducted on this issue - what is the benefit of re-vaccination in unvaccinated and not ill children under 8 years of age? As the results of this study showed, in these children, a single vaccination is not sufficient to protect against influenza. The incidence is practically not reduced compared to the unvaccinated. At the same time, it was demonstrated that in this group of children, a two-time vaccination can reduce the incidence by 4 times. Why is the 0.5 ml dose used in children older than 3 years and not 0.25 ml? Comparative studies of two different dosages have shown that the half dose induces immunity in 70-80% of vaccinated children, while the full dose (0.5 ml) forms immunity in 90-99% of children. Why do adults only need one Vaxigrip vaccine? There is no need for re-vaccination due to the guaranteed presence of adult memory cells in the body, as a result of past influenza diseases (it is believed that by the age of 9 a person has had the flu at least once). The immune response after a single vaccination is completely sufficient for effective prevention of influenza. At the same time, studies conducted abroad have shown that re-vaccination in adults does not provide any benefit compared to a single vaccination. CONTRAINDICATIONS Like any other vaccination, Vaxigrip has a number of contraindications. Among them are non-specific, that is, applicable to all vaccines, and one specific contraindication. Among the contraindications are relative, that is, those that may be temporary or in which vaccination is possible, and one absolute. Contraindications
1. Vaccination Vaxigrip is not carried out atacute illness and exacerbation of a chronic illness I. This contraindication is common to all vaccines and is relative. The general meaning of this contraindication is that the vaccination could not aggravate (even theoretically) the course of an acutely current disease. For example, vaccination during an acute respiratory infection accompanied by fever can lead to a further increase in temperature. Any deterioration in well-being, even if not related to vaccination, in this case will be attributed by the patient and the attending physician to the account of the vaccination. It is also believed that vaccination during illness can "overload the immune system." And although this is not true, since the human immune system is multitasking and cannot be overloaded, it is generally not recommended to vaccinate during an acute illness. An exception may be cases when the patient is at an increased risk of illness and death due to influenza, but, at the time when it is necessary to be vaccinated, he was sick and there is no time left for vaccination. In this case, the doctor (and only the doctor) must decide whether to vaccinate with the existing relative contraindication or not. 2. Allergy to egg white is an absolute contraindication. In practice, such an allergy includes an immediate swelling of the lower lip, throat when trying to eat a chicken egg in any form (boiled egg, scrambled eggs, salad). If there are no such reactions and a person calmly and without consequences eats chicken eggs, then there is no allergy to chicken egg protein. 3. Vaxigrip is a highly purified vaccine . However, in extremely rare cases, there may be allergic reactions to any components of the vaccine. If a person had a severe allergy after a previous Vaxigrip vaccination, this is also an absolute contraindication to vaccination. Vaccination and pregnancy Pregnancy and lactation are not a contraindication to vaccination. However, vaccination during the first trimester of pregnancy is generally not recommended. This is due to the fact that during the first three months the risk of miscarriage is already quite high and therefore a situation may arise when the vaccination coincides with the miscarriage, and the woman and the doctor may get the impression that it was the vaccine that caused the abortion. In fact, no vaccine contains substances that could cause a miscarriage. Moreover, flu shots in pregnant women are a fairly common practice in the developed world and are even recommended for those women whose pregnancy will be in the 2nd or 3rd trimester during an influenza epidemic. |
Photo of the preparation
Latin name: Vaksigrip
ATX code: no data
Active substance: inactivated split influenza viruses cultured on chick embryos
Manufacturer: Sanofi Pasteur S.A., France
The description applies to: 17.11.17
Vaxigrip is a flu vaccine.
Active substance
Inactivated split influenza viruses cultured on chicken embryos.
Release form and composition
The drug is available in ampoules and syringes of 0.5 ml.
The strain composition of the vaccine complies with WHO recommendations for the Northern Hemisphere and the EU decision on the composition of influenza vaccines for the 2014/2015 season. May contain no more than 0.05 mcg of ovalbumin per dose. The strain composition of the vaccine complies with WHO recommendations for the Northern Hemisphere and the EU decision on the composition of influenza vaccines for the 2014/2015 season. May contain no more than 0.05 mcg of ovalbumin per dose.
Indications for use
Used to prevent influenza. Persons with an increased risk of post-influenza complications should be vaccinated in the first place.
Assign to children from six months. Women during pregnancy can be vaccinated from the second trimester.
Contraindications
- development of an exacerbation of any chronic disease;
- pathologies accompanied by an increase in body temperature.
The drug is not prescribed:
- in case of hypersensitivity to one or more components that make up,
- in the presence of individual hypersensitivity to neomycin, octoxynol-9, formaldehyde components of chicken eggs and meat.
Instructions for use Vaxigrip (method and dosage)
The vaccine is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously deeply. Intravenous administration is prohibited. Before use, the solution is kept at room temperature and shaken.
- Children older than 36 months and adults are administered 0.5 ml once.
- Children from 6 to 35 months are administered 0.25 ml of the drug once.
- For children under 9 years old who are vaccinated against influenza for the first time, Vaxigrip is administered twice with an interval of 4 weeks.
- For children under 36 months of age, when administering a dose of 0.25 ml in a 0.5 ml syringe, it is necessary to remove half of the contents of the syringe by pressing the plunger to a special mark and inject the remaining amount of the vaccine. When using an ampoule with 0.5 ml of the vaccine, children who are indicated for 0.25 ml of the vaccine must take the right amount of the drug with a syringe with the appropriate dosage and destroy the remainder of the vaccine in the ampoule.
Side effects
It can provoke the development of such side effects as:
- chills,
- malaise,
- elevated body temperature,
- headache,
- sweating,
- feeling tired,
- joint pain,
- redness,
- swelling,
- pain,
- bruising,
- seals at the injection site.
In rare cases, the drug can cause the development of paresthesia, neuritis, neuralgia, encephalomyelitis, seizures, Guillain-Barré syndrome, urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, skin rashes, shortness of breath, shock, lymphadenopathy, vasculitis with possible short-term involvement of the kidneys, as well as transient thrombocytopenia.
It should be borne in mind that each epidemic season is characterized by its most common strains of the influenza virus.
Overdose
No information available.
Analogues
Analogues according to the ATX code: none.
Medicines with a similar mechanism of action (coincidence of the ATX code of the 4th level):
- Influvac,
- Ultrix,
- SOVIGRIPP,
- Waxigrip,
- Fluarix,
- Inflexal.
Do not make the decision to change the drug yourself, consult your doctor.
pharmachologic effect
The drug promotes the development of specific immunity to strains of the influenza virus types A and B, which are part of the vaccine. Immunity is developed, as a rule, after 2-3 weeks after vaccination and lasts an average of 6 months.
special instructions
- Vaccination is recommended during the autumn-winter period, when the risk of influenza is highest.
- The vaccine stimulates the production of immunity only against three strains of the influenza virus contained in the preparation or similar to those indicated. The drug does not provide the formation of immunity during the incubation period and against influenza caused by other strains. The drug does not form the development of immunity against diseases that have symptoms similar to influenza, but caused by other pathogens.
- The effect of the vaccine extends to one season, each epidemic period has its own most common strains of the virus.
- The physician should be informed if the patient has an immunodeficiency, an allergy or an unusual reaction to a previous vaccination, as well as any treatment that coincides with or precedes the vaccination. You should also inform the doctor about all adverse reactions, and not just those listed in the instructions.
- The vaccine should not be used if the suspension is uncharacteristically colored or foreign particles are present.
- The drug does not affect the ability to drive vehicles.
- Within a few days after vaccination, false positive results are possible when determining antibodies to HIV-1, hepatitis C virus and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) method. Evaluation of the result obtained by the ELISA method should be carried out using Western blotting. Vaccination should be carried out only if medicines are available to provide emergency care in case of anaphylactic reactions.
During pregnancy and breastfeeding
Vaccination with the drug can be prescribed from the second trimester of pregnancy. According to indications with an increased risk of post-influenza complications, the vaccine can be used regardless of the gestational age.
It is acceptable to use the vaccine during lactation.
In childhood
It is prescribed according to indications for children from 6 months.
In old age
No information available.
drug interaction
Can be used on the same day as other vaccines. Injections are made in different parts of the body and using different syringes. Do not mix the vaccine with other drugs in the same syringe.
Against the background of therapy with corticosteroids, cytotoxic or radioactive drugs, the immune response after vaccination may be insufficient.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Released by prescription for medical institutions.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a place protected from light, out of the reach of children, at a temperature of +2…+8 °C. Do not freeze. Shelf life - 12 months.
Price in pharmacies
No information available.
Attention!
The description posted on this page is a simplified version of the official version of the annotation for the drug. The information is provided for informational purposes only and is not a guide for self-treatment. Before using the drug, you should consult with a specialist and read the instructions approved by the manufacturer.
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