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Mulberry (Lat. Morus) - the genus of plants from the Family of the Tutovy (Lat. Moraceae). There is another no less common name - a tide tree. In vivo, representatives of the genus are common in zones with warm moderate and subtropical climates in Asia, Africa and North America. The tute tree is bred from time immemorial for the sake of valuable leaves, which feeds on a silkworm and useful fruit for a person.

An interesting fact: in the east, the silky is called the queen of berries, and the plant itself - a tree of life. Until now, in many villages there is a tradition to cover the generous tables under the scattered crown and gathering the whole family. The tute tree symbolizes family values \u200b\u200band respect for parents.

Description

Mulberry is a leaf fall tree growing up to 10-30 m. The crown shape is most often tolten or broad-shaped. Young specimens grow relatively quickly, with time growth slows down and stops at all. Trees live about 200 years, some plants can live to 300 and even 500. The leaves are located next. They are simple, paddle shape, edges gear. On one tree there may be leaves of different shapes and size.

Fruits of silk

The fruit is complicated, consisting of strokes, a length of 2-3 cm. Its painting can be cream, white, red or black. The fruits are edible, some species are sweet and fragrant. Single-sex flowers with a simple perianth, most often white or white and greenish color. Inflorescences can be different, often assembled in the stubble ears. Flowering falls on April or May. The crop matures in July. Pollination of mulberry occurs by the wind. Seeds apply to birds that eat fruits.

Important: Mulberry can be a downtown or monochetic plant. The fruits are tied in women's flowers, men's serve to pollinate. If the plant is digestive, then on some trees, male flowers, and on others - female. Both plants should grow near the fruiting. One-downtry silky on one tree has both kinds of flowers, and he does not need a couple. Men's trees are often used for landscaping, as they grow faster and have larger leaves.

Men's and female (short and thickened) flowers on a monocoa red mulberry plant (M. Rubra)

Species diversity

The species classification is quite confusing. The genus comes from 17 to 200 species. Such ambiguity is due to the fact that there are many hybrids that alone scientists are allocated to independent views, while others are not.

(Lat. M. Nigra) - a typical view. The birthplace of these plants is Iran and Afghanistan, some botany indicate Italy. In nature are common in Southwestern Asia and the Mediterranean. Trees grow to 15 m, have an empty crown. The leaves are sometimes pubes in the bottom, their base is deep-seated shape. They are large (up to 20 cm) asymmetrical. Fruits are large, up to 3 cm long, juicy, delicious, dark purple color. Plants are well tolerated dry air and soil. Special requirements for the composition of the soil do not have. But in our climate, Sh. Black is cold, in winter it can freeze greatly, so it does not fit for the northern latitudes, even in southern needed winter shelter.

Based on this species, dwarf forms are derived, for example, "repair" (lat. M. Nigra 'Everbearing') is a compact plant that can be grown in a container.

One of the largest varieties is sh. Black "Shelly No. 150" (lat. M. Nigra 'Shelli'), the size of which reaches 5.5 cm. They are delicious, juicy, sweet. The variety is rightfully considered one of the best. It is allocated not only with the yield, but and the large size of the leaves, which can be used in decorative purposes.

Mulberry black (M. Nigra)

Mulberry red (Lat. M. Rubra) comes from North America. Trees reach 10-15 m, have a tolten crown. Leaves are large, up to 12 cm long, on young swordless shoots, on top of the rough, from the bottom of the housing. The fruits of sour-sweet, dark red or almost black color are very similar to blackberry. Maturation begins at the end of July. Sh. Red is worn out, the soils are not particularly demanding, can carry a small dryness of the soil. Plants of this species are downtown, therefore, two plants are needed for fruiting. Although, and monodomal representatives can occur.

Mulberry white (Lat. M. Alba) - the most common view of our climate. Frequently called Mulberry. Motherland of type - China. Foliage Sh. Belaya serves as a sinking silkworm. The leaves from the bottom are bare, sometimes with warts, the form is a weaklyadoid, rather interesting from a decorative point of view. On one tree, the leaves can be of different sizes and configuration. In the summer, they are painted in dark green, the autumn acquire a beautiful light yellow color. Cultivated in the gardens, parks, on the streets, sometimes can die. Trees can grow up to 20 m if the conditions are not very good, they can develop as shrubs. Crown is a thick spherical. Fruits can be white, cream, pinkish or black, sweet. Moltennik loves solar places, to soils are not demanding, can grow in urban conditions, it is well tolerating trimming. This is the kind of the most frost-resistant. Flowering falls at the end of May. Fruit - at the end of August.

Mulberry white autumn

For agricultural purposes on the basis of S. White has many varieties. A good yield for more northern regions of the Russian Federation is considered to be a mulberry "Honey", which is a tall tree. Fruits are large (up to 3 cm), sweet, white. Another proven variety "Smallwood" is characterized by high yield. Its fruits of black, sour-sweet, up to 3.5 cm long. Harvesting occurs in June-July. Frost resistance high. From the early grades of maturing in June, you can highlight a reliable variety "Black Baroness". Black fruits up to 3.5 cm are very tasty, sweet and fragrant. Frost resistance is excellent.

Decorative forms:

Sh. White "Watching" (Lat. M. Alba 'Pendula') is an original tree growing up to 5 m, with drooping thin branches. The variety is widely used in decorative gardening. You can find seedlings on the strains of different heights.

Sh. White "Large" (Lat. M. Alba 'Macrophylla') - variety with interesting large (up to 22 cm) leaves.

There are still a number of milling forms with different sizes and form of foliage, there are options with yellow-green coloring sheet plates, but such plants are quite whimsical, besides rare.

Photo gallery species

Conditions of cultivation and rules

Tell me about landing and care. The tute tree is not demanding for the composition of the soil. To increase yields, it is better to grow on fertile soils with acidity in the range of 5.5-7.0 pp. Most species love well-lit places. Usually, the silk is watered in the first half of the summer very moderately, then watering stops. The exception is made only in the case of very dry and hot weather. In the spring trees fertilize with complex mineral fertilizer and mulch the hole with a compost. Mulberry does not suffer from pests and does not hurt anything.

Seedling land can be spent in spring and autumn. In the wells you need to make a small drainage layer. For a young plant, it is recommended to install support. If it is planned to grow on trellis, along the wall or fence, horizontal wire rows are tightened with a step of 25 cm.

Tip: The roots of the tute tree are fragile, so the pit makes such a size so that the root system in it freely fit. In connection with such a peculiarity of the roots, it is not worth actively digging near the tree.

Planned seedling of Mulberry

The depth of planting should be the same as in the container in which there was a seedling. After filling the pit, the ground is pressed around the trunk, the seedling is tied up to the support and pour themselves. The well is useful to inspire to protect the moisture from accelerated evaporation. After landing as a mulch, it is possible to use compost or manure.

Not all the varieties of mulberry frost-resistant, so the whole wells are covered, the trunk can also be insulated with infirous materials. Little trees can be covered entirely.

Reproduction

Mulberry breeding vegetatively. You can use any method, but most effectively reproduction with cuttings. In the fall, after the leaffall, one-time increases are cut, of which there are 15 cm long cuttings. Bottoms are harvested: the first oblique slice is made above the selected upper kidney, and the second is 15 cm below. The bottom tip of the escape is treated with growth stimulant. For the winter, the cuttings can be played in a sandbox.

How to plant mulberry cuttings? In the spring, as soon as the kidneys begin to bloom, the cuttings can be planted at a depth of 15 cm. The landing makes the vertical, the distance between the cuttings should be 20-30 cm. Above the surface of the earth should remain the tip in 2-3 cm. On the next autumn, rooted cuttings can be reset permanent place. You can also plant cuttings immediately into a container or a regular plastic cup, for the winter cuttings will give roots, it will be possible to plant in the spring when warm weather is installed. For the period of frosts, landing with cuttings is well covered.

The cultivation of mulberry from seeds is possible, but this process is long, given the fact that it starts fruiting only for 7-8 years. Also, with this method of cultivation, it is unknown, what a tree will grow: diving or one-bedroom and with flowers of which type.

Tip: To ensure that the fruiting tree of the desired variety is guaranteed, besides adapted under local climate conditions, planting material is acquired in nurseries. The optimal age of seedling is 3-5 years.

Cherenki Mulberry

Trimming

Thut trees grow quickly only at the beginning of development, then the process slows down. The seedlock purchased in the nursery already has a correctly formed shape with the desired height of the stammer.

Cutting mulberry when the tree becomes an adult, you can spend in winter or early spring. Side branches, longer than 30 cm, shocked for 4-5 kidneys. After examining the appearance of the crown, you can remove branches that spoil the appearance, also remove the frozen branches. In general, the tute tree is well tolerating trimming. At any time of the year, sanitary trimming can be carried out.

Tip: Do not rush to remove root piglets if the tree is frozen, thanks to such a shoot, you can restore the plant.

Growing mulberry on the trellis (wall)

With the cultivation of mulberries along the method popular in Europe and the USA - on the trellis, pruning is produced in summer. This method is used to save space on the plot, to close the wall, fence or decorative purposes. The tree is formed by guides, stretched in advance - when landing. Such silk need forming trimming: the main branches are left with a length of 40-50 cm and direct them in such a way that they cover the wall. At the end of the summer, they are tested, and when the branches achieve the desired length, shortening one kidney on the growth of last year.

Tip: Adult Mulberries may suffer from the destruction of branches, in such cases they are written by anything.

Graft

If over time it turned out that the planted tree has only a male (female) type of flowers, and I would like to have fruits, and not just a beautiful tree, then there are two ways to solve the problem. You can plant another tree, which will be installed on the fact that it will be the desired type of flowers. Another option will be the vaccination that can be done in a couple of weeks before flowering or during it. The cuttings are harvested from elongated shoots with well-formed kidneys in February-March, store them to spring in the refrigerator or cellar.

Methods of vaccinations do not have differences from used for other fruit plants. The cuttings are joined with the chosen branch or insert into the T-shaped incision, the connection site is treated with garden wrair and wrapped with wire. From above, you can wind cloth or cellophane. Sale of cuttings lasts about a month. Usually 3-5 cuttings are vaccinated on the village. If some twigs do not come down, then in summer, the copulings can be repeated.

COUNTING (PREMATING STEEL)

You can also make the vaccination vaccination (eyelid). The procedure is carried out at the end of summer. In the case of silky, the survival rate of this kind of vaccinations is low, therefore it is considered ineffective.

Use of use

The tute tree is very unpretentious, not subjected to pests and develops well in urban environments, so it's great for greening parks. Due to its resistance to increased pollution of the atmosphere, the silky is valuable for landscaping areas around industrial facilities. Plants look beautiful in single landings (especially varieties with hanging branches), as well as in group. Mulberry is used to create alleys.

Interesting use of a tute tree in the design of the site

In some regions, trees are used to strengthen the ambulance and sand slopes. Purchaeing forms are often planted in the center of the flower beds, the crown of the tree serves as contraning from the bright sun for flowering plants, for example, Petunia. Under such a silky, you can install a table for recreation, such an idea is quite widely used in the United States.

It looks very nice to growing a tute tree along the fence or wall. In the first case, the original live fence is obtained, and in the second - aesthetic closure of unsightly places. Another popular direction of the decorative use of a tute tree is the cultivation of dwarf forms. Since the mulberry grows slowly and well tolerates trimming to get a miniature tree is easy, beautiful large leaves will add originality.

Elegant flowerbed

Mulberry is valued for its fruits, which are rich in vitamins group in, sugars, routine, carotine, pectins. It is recommended to be used with anemia, violation of metabolism. In the recipes of traditional medicine, everything is followed: the leaves, and the roots from which healing decoctions are preparing. In Armenia, by roaring fruits, syrup is prepared, which is very effective when coughing.

Berries are good for processing: jam, juices, compotes. The leaves can be used in the preparation of cabbage rolls, by analogy with cabbage, and without preliminary heat treatment. Wood is both the wood, from which the furniture and a variety of crafts make, for example, in Eastern countries, charms for women are made from the bark of the tute tree.

To lead a full-fledged life, a person needs to constantly replenish its stock Vitamin, especially in the summer. The tute tree is a unique treasury of the useful elements necessary for the body. Almost all the land can be found plants from this mysterious family. They are in the form of shrubs, trees, Lian and only occasionally herbs. The main feature of the "Tutovaya" family is the ability to allocate a liquid, very similar to milk. These include more than 1,500 species that prefer a relatively warm climate.
The fruits of some of them are taken in food, from others they take valuable raw materials for production and wood. Some options are used as a landscape design decor.

The most famous representatives of the mulberry trees are mulberry, figs, bread and rubber tree. Each of them has its own characteristics and value. Therefore, people try to plant such trees in their sites.

Acquaintance with mysterious plant

Some gardeners are asked: what is a tide tree, because it is rarely faced with such a name. But when they find out that this is the most common mulberry, it is not rejoiced. After all, there are practically no man on Earth who would refuse to taste in the summer heat of juicy berries. In some localities, the plant is specially planted near the courtyard so that passersby do not pass by attractive fruits.

The tute tree is often towering to the royal majesty, since he was appreciated by the famous monarchs. This is evidenced by trees that are over 100 years old growing in the Botanical Gardens of Europe. Historians say that during the reign of Peter I, a decree was issued, prohibiting a silky cut. That is why the Mulshnik is widespread in the middle lane and the southern regions of Russia.

The tute tree is a deciduous plant that rises above the ground is a maximum of 15 meters. Its wide compact crown consists of a variety of thin twigs on which gear leaves are located.

Each spring mulberry puts on the original floral outfit. It consists of male and female buds collected in elegant earrings, which gracefully swings between the leaves. After successful pollination, instead of inflorescence on branches, juicy berries are developing, known for their valuable properties around the world.

The fruit of the mulberry tree looks like a blackberry, but has an oblong shape. Some berries can grow up to 4 cm long. Depending on the variety of plants, the fruits have the following color:

the black;
red;
pink;
white;
purple.

In addition, they are distinguished by a specific smell and a pleasant aftertaste, which is long saved in the mouth. The only drawback is the berries are not transportable and lose their properties with a debt of storage.

Most often, the silk brings a lot of fruits. In some cases, approximately 350 kg of berries were collected from one tree. Therefore, it is desirable to collect them in time, otherwise the berries fall on the ground and will disappear.

In the natural environment, you can meet a mulberry with inedible fruits, which is valued for wood. A plant with small berries, refer to a row of forage varieties. To date, breeders brought a lot of cultural varieties of the thermo-loving tree. Particularly considered white and black options:

"Black Baroness". Fruits appear in June or July, depending on the climatic zone of growth. Usually they are large. Have a gentle aroma and clearly pronounced sweetness. The tree can withstand frosts up to 25 degrees if they last a few days.
"Shelly 150". The variety was brought out on the territory of Ukraine. It is a tute tree with large leaves. Some of them grow up to 0.5 meters. Sweet berries, 5.5 cm differ in special taste and useful properties.
"White tenderness". The fruits of this variety ripen in early June. Have a snow-white coloring and sweet juicy taste. With crude weather, moisture is drinking, gained watery character. Decorative vents of wood grow no higher than 5 meters and are distinguished by falling branches. It is the white mulberry that is used to feed the silkworms to get natural silk.
"Black Mulberry". The variety is one of the main species. His initial place of growth is Iran and Afghanistan. The tree can reach a height of about 15 meters. Distinguished by an empty shape of the crown. Withstands short frosts not lower than 10 degrees.
"Red Mulberry." The tree came to the territory of Europe from North America. It can reach 20 m of height, forming a wide crown. Often by the plant resembles a huge tent. It is characterized by large leaves with sharp tips. Sweet fruits ripen to the last decade of June.

Decorative types of wood are used to decorate park areas. Pour them most often in the country houses to regularly eat delicious fruits of the mysterious plant. But how to successfully grow a tute tree and enjoy an abundant harvest every year? There are several simple rules.

Landmarks gardeners

Since the mulberry belongs to the trees of long-livers, first of all, you should think about the right area of \u200b\u200bthe garden. An adult plant can reach a 4-meter height, so it needs to constantly have access to light, air and moisture. The perfect option is to plant a mulberry as a lonely tree.

Mulberry can grow both on saline soil and sandy. For this reason, the emphasis is on the choice of the right landing.

Under the conditions of home, you can land male and female trees at the maximum distance of approximately 3.5 m. The pit for planting is starting to cook late in the fall.
Its optimal dimensions: 50 cm width and the same depth. If necessary, before planting a pit, you can increase, configuring under the root of a seedling.

Dugged earth is mixed with and humus. In the hole, the seedlock is neatly installed, paint the roots, after which they fall asleep with the prepared substrate. From above, the soil is watered with water and carry mulching. To do this, use straw, dry grass, leaves or humus.

When landing shrub tute trees, it is advisable to stick to the distance between the seedlings at least 0.5 m.

Young mulberry needs regular watering the first 5 years. Usually it is carried out until mid-summer. During drought, the Tutovnik especially needs moisture, so it should be watered more often. This will protect the berries from drying out. Watering is stopped at the end of July so that the tree can be completely talked.
Otherwise, young shoots are simply freeze with a strong decrease in temperature.

When the tree is 3 years old, it's time to get it. This use organic and mineral fertilizers. The procedure is performed during watering. Then the soil around the trunk is mulched by humus or straw.

Useful elements of juicy berries

The gentle sour-sweet berries of the tute tree is distinguished by a number of useful properties. They contain:

glucose molecules;
organic acids;
fructose elements;
essential oils;
complex of a number of vitamin;
many trace elements;
carotene;
selenium.

Due to this composition, the silky has a positive effect on the basic systems of the body. Doctors use fruit for the treatment of various diseases (anemia, gastritis, hypertension). Decorations and tinctures are prepared by patients suffering from angina, pneumonia, a protracted cough. Corre is used as a means of dealing with worms. Of course, fresh berries are considered to be most useful, which are thoroughly cleaned the intestines, and fill the body with a complete complex of precious elements.

The useful properties of the silky are concluded not only in its original berries. Musical instruments made from dense wood of the tute tree. It is suitable for creating various handmade souvenirs. From it make barrels that are used in the household. And the Chinese used mulberry wood in the paper industry.
As you can see a tute tree keeps a lot of treasures that should not be neglected. And let each inhabitant of the planet show his gratitude, protecting this precious living treasury of valuables.

Landing and Care for Mulberry - Video

Mulberry wrapped - this is a tree of a family of tute. It refers to one of the two hundred species. But since most of them are hybrids, only 17 types of tute wood are officially recognized and described.

Mulberry wrapped differs from other types of size and shape of the crown. If "ordinary" plants reach a height of ten meters, then this species has a small size, up to three meters. And a special feature, thanks to which Mulberry Pendula received its name, these are long and thin branches hanging like a wobby or willow.

Reproduction and cultivation

Mulberry is a downtown plant. That is, all trees are divided into men's and female. Men's - not fruit. But from female, without nearby male, harvest is impossible to wait. Distinguish one floor from another there is no possibility. Only a practical method (presence of fruits) can be determined which tree is a male, and what a female.

But there are copies that have at the same time parts of the inflorescences of both sexes - one-bedroom. In this case, to obtain a harvest, it is enough to have only one tree in the garden.

If, when planting the tute trees, standard standards (as well as for ordinary fruit plants) were observed, then the crop can be collected in five years. The term of waiting for the appearance of the first fruit can be significantly reduced in the event of planting grafted instances. And after ten years, one plant can give the gardener to a hundred kilograms of fruits.

Growing

Some special requirements for landing and leaving the silky molding does not need. It is not demanding of the soil. Surrive on sour and sandy, and on clay soils. It can be brewed and the form of shrubs, and as single trees.

For the formation of mulberry web whim, it is necessary to observe the necessary distances between the individual plants, which are equal to five meters, and between the rows of the Type. But if two or three thousand grows in the garden, then no rows of speech goes.

In the event of the construction of shrub thickets from the seedlings of mulberry weekech, it is necessary to ensure that the distance between neighboring trees does not exceed 50 centimeters. Only in such close conditions of growth, you can achieve a shrub shape of a mulberry.

Care

In the formation of the necessary crown of the tree, the height of the stem of the mulberry weeping, pruning is of paramount importance. Stack need to form up to one and a half meters high. In this case, you can get a bundled or spherical crown.

In addition, special attention must be paid to young pagons. Since they have a thin bark, they are very susceptible to the influence of high and low temperatures - in the winter you will be freezed, and in drought you die from dehydration. In such cases, pruning is simply necessary. It is absolutely not displayed on the number of future harvest.

In periods of moisture deficit, mulberry need to water. We need to pay special attention to the first summer month, June. By drinking water at the beginning of summer, the tree is well prepared for anabyosis and without harm will transfers winter frosts.

Yield

Fruits of mulberry weeping, as well as normal, begin to ripen already at the end of May. Near the darkened and soft berries are also quite "green." Their time will come a little later or in general at the end of summer.

Such uneven ripening of fruits is very convenient. Enjoy their taste, it is possible to produce a blank for the winter for three months. That is, to skip the season of maturation of the mulberry berry is very difficult.

Specificity disembarking

When landing, mulberry need to take into account some factors. This is a long-lived plant, if compared with other fruit trees. It can overcome the frontier in two hundred years, and even three centuries do not seem unattainable. Therefore, planting in his garden, an amateur gardener should know this nuance, so that the silky gives the joy to several generations of residents of the house and did not interfere with his presence in mind the changed plans for redevelopment of the landscape design of the site.

You also need to know that the wood of the tute trees is very durable. And if the Stack reaches a significant thickness, then in the case of the elimination of the trunk, it will not be possible to do without chainsaws. And if the tree can still be overcome by a manual instrument, then the problems of the same character will arise with the breed hardness.

Important! Those who have not dealt with a grade of the Pendula's Mulberry Tree can mistakenly think by reading the information on the Internet that the branches of this tree are visiting. This is fundamentally not true. If somewhere flashes the phrase of the silky curly, then this is either a deliberate error or ignorance of information.

Carefully examining the photo of the mulberry week, you can make sure that it does not have the properties.

Some gardeners use the trees of this variety, as an additional fence near the fence, for visual protection. But the branches of weeping mulberry do not go, but just hang on the fence.

The seed reproduction of the habitual strawberries of Sadovaya, unfortunately, leads to the emergence of less productive plants and weaker bushes. But another type of these sweet berries is an alpine strawberry, you can successfully grown from seeds. Let's learn about the main advantages and disadvantages of this culture, consider the main varieties and features of agrotechnology. The information presented in this article will help you decide whether to allocate her place in the berry.

Often at the sight of a beautiful flower, we instinctively leaning to feel His adolescent. All fragrant flowers can be divided into two large groups: Night (pollinated by night butterflies) and daytime, whose pollinkers are mainly bees. Both groups of plants are important for a flower plant and designer, because we often walk in the garden in the afternoon and rest in your favorite corners with the onset of the evening. We never put the fragrance of favorite fragrant flowers.

Pumpkin Many gardeners consider the queen of beds. And not only because of its size, the variety of shapes and colors, but also for the taste, useful qualities and rich harvest. Pumpkin contains a large number of carotene, iron, various vitamins and minerals. Thanks to the possibility of long-term storage, this vegetable supports our health all year round. If you decide to plant a pumpkin on your site, you will be interested to learn how to get the highest possible crop.

Eggs in Scottish - incredibly tasty! Try to cook this dish at home, there is nothing complicated in cooking. Scottish eggs are a welded egg, wrapped in meat minced meat, panned in flour, eggs and breadcrumbs and fried in deep fryer. For frying, you will need a frying pan with a high side, and if there is a fryer, it's just great - even less trouble. Also need fryer oil, so as not to light the kitchen. Choose farm eggs for this recipe.

One of the most amazing large-flower Cudbolas Dominican is fully justified by the status of a tropical miracle. The heat-loving, slow-growing, with huge and in many ways unique bells of flowers, Kubola - a fragrant star with a difficult character. It requires special conditions of maintenance in the rooms. But for those who are looking for exclusive plants for their interior, the best (and more chocolate) candidate for the role of indoor giant does not find.

Curry from chickpeas with meat - satisfying dish for lunch or dinner, cooked based on Indian cuisine. This curry is preparing quickly, but requires pre-training. You need to pre-dunk in a large amount of cold water for several hours, better for the night, water can be changed several times. The meat is also better to leave for the night marinade so that it is juicy and gentle. Then you should boil the chick to readiness and then prepare recipe curry.

Rhubarb can not be found in every garden plot. It's a pity. This plant is a storehouse of vitamins and can be widely used in cooking. What is just not prepared from the rhubarb: soups and soup, salads, delicious jam, kvass, compotes and juices, candied and marmalade, and even wine. But it's not all! A large green or red rosette of a plant leaves, reminiscent of a burdock, performs a beautiful background for annual. It is not surprising that rhubarb can be seen on the flower beds.

Today, in the trend, experiments with non-barinal combinations and non-standard colors in the garden. For example, steel plants with black inflorescences became very fashionable. All black flowers are original and specific, and it is important for them to be able to select suitable partners and location. Therefore, this article will not just introduce you to the assortment of plants with aspid-black inflorescences, but also teach the use of similar mystical plants in garden design.

3 delicious sandwich - sandwich with cucumber, sandwich with chicken, sandwich with cabbage and meat - an excellent idea for fast snack or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and a little seasoning. In these sandwiches, there is no Luka, if you wish, you can add pickled on the balsamic vinegar in any of the sandwiches, this taste will not spoil. Quickly cooking snacks, it will stay to gather a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the varietary group, the age of seedlings suitable for landing into open ground is: for early tomatoes - 45-50 days, medium ripening time - 55-60 and later deadlines - at least 70 days. When planting tomatoes seedlings in a younger age, its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But the success in obtaining high-quality yields of tomatoes also depends on the thorough fulfillment of the basic rules for disembarking seedlings in open ground.

Unpretentious "second plan" plants of Sansevieri do not seem boring topics who appreciate minimalism. They are better than other indoor decorative-deciduous stars suitable for collections that require minimal care. Stable decorativeness and extreme endurance only in one type of sanseviercy are also combined with compactness and very rapid growth - the sockets of Sanseseieri Khan. Collectable sockets of their hard leaves create striking groups and patterns.

One of the most brightest months of the garden calendar is pleasantly surprisingly surprised by the distribution of favorable and unsuccessful for working with plants of days on the lunar calendar. Garden and garden in June can be engaged throughout the month, while adverse periods are very short and still allow you to engage in useful work. There are optimal days for crops with landings, and for trimming, and for a water branch, and even for construction work.

Meat with mushrooms in a frying pan - inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for ordinary lunch and for the festive menu. Pork will prepare quickly, veal and chicken - also, so this meat is preferably for the recipe. Mushrooms - Fresh champignons, in my opinion, the most successful choice for homely stew. Forest gold - Boroviki, butter and other youths are better to harvest for the winter. The boiled rice or potato mashed potatoes is perfect as a side dish.

I love decorative shrubs, especially unpretentious and with an interesting, non-trivial coloring foliage. I have a different Japanese spirea, Barbaris Tunberg, black elderberry ... and there is one special shrub that will tell in this article - a bubbler Kalinoliste. To implement my dream of a garden that does not require much care, he, perhaps, is suitable. At the same time, it is capable of very diversifying a picture in the garden, and with spring and to autumn.

Mulberry (tute tree, here, Tututnik, Tyutin) - Culture that became famous in antiquity from its fibers with the famous Chinese silk, as well as delicious fruits, which are widely used in cooking. For many years, the distribution among the gardeners of the tute tree limited the apparent complexity of cultivation and care.

History of culture culture

The tute tree initially grown in China, India and Japan, but was processed only in China. Culture was valued for his fibers, from which the famous Chinese school Silk was created.

According to the legend, some Si Lungchi, the Chinese Empress, the first saw the silk fibers, which entangled the caterpillars of the mulk silkworm. Overlooking them, the royal person did the outfit for himself.

Motherland Mulberry - China's Wildlife

In Russia, the first company planning appeared in Tsar Alexei Mikhailovic, the father of Peter I. The Son of the initiative was continued: Peter I forbade the cutting of the tute tree and purposefully created the mulberry plantings. Currently, the tute tree is grown for silk industries, but it is planted in the country areas for tasty healing berries.

Mulberry - not only delicious, but also useful berry

Men's and Women's Mulberry

Mulberry - culture, whose representatives can be both monochetic and dioval. Dwooms are represented by male and female plants, and for obtaining a crop requires the presence of both copies on the site.

Women's inflorescences Mulberry are dense "servings"

How to distinguish a male plant from female:

Fruiting. This method of determination implies long expectation of fruiting (4-5 years), which is one of its minuses. The fruits are tied only on women's individuals. Of course, the way is unreliable, because the female plant for the tie of fruits may lack pollen.
The structure of inflorescence. The method is much more reliable, but requires minimal botanical knowledge or observation. Women's inflorescences - cooled "servants", where in every flower there is a two-axle pestle and a perianth of four sheets. Male inflorescences are slightly drooping and more loose.

The inflorescences of the male instance of the tutovik - loose, slightly dug

On routine plants you can see both men's and female inflorescences.

In order to accelerate the process of recognizing the "sexuality" of the silky, it is recommended to acquire three-year seedlings on which the first sewage has already been.

Mulberry content with other plants

Language tree "tolerate" Neighborhood only with relatives. Thus, only other species or varieties can be planted near the silky in order to prevent oppression of other plants.

Some gardeners argue that Mulberry is incompatible with Walnut and Nut Manchurian, but it gets well with grapes.

Mulberry species and varieties

The most famous types of mulberries are black, white and red.

The tree originally grown in the territories of Iran and Afghanistan. The height of the plant reaches 15 m, Croon spread. Broad-purpose leaves, asymmetrical, up to 20 cm long, in width up to 15 cm. The top side of the sheet is rough, on the bottom there is a light felt omission. Freeding black, sweet-sour, glossy, up to 3 cm long. This kind of drin-resistant, but is distinguished by high thermal liftingness, unlike mulberry white or red.

Black Mulberry Berries are large, painted in dark color

Grand Mulberry varieties

The most popular srates of black silk are considered as follows:

Removable - dwarf shape of mulberry, which can be grown in containers;
Shelly № 150 is a large-scale mulberry, fruits in length 5.5 cm. The leaves can reach 50 cm long and are used in floristics;
Royal is the average grade, the fruits of which are achieved 3 cm. It tolerates the molding well. It is highly resistant to pests and diseases;
Black prince is a large-scale form, berries from 4-5 cm long. The variety is notable for high frost resistance;
Black pearl is a sort of sammost, large-scale (berries up to 5.5 cm). The first fruits are ripening in June, but poorly persisted on the branches, quickly falling out;
Fruit-4 - compact (up to 5 m) large-scale variety. Differs long fruiting;
Hope - the variety is notable for fast fruiting (for the 2nd year of cultivation), as well as abundant yield.

The tree is from China, a height of 13 to 18 m, with a dense spherical crown. Bark on young shoots gray-green or red-brown. Leaves are diverse both in shape and size. The fruits of mulberry white are considered the most sweet. The color of fruits can be yellowish cream, pinkish, black. The name got the look due to the bright bark. White mulberry is distinguished by resistance to adverse conditions (for example, it grows well in the city), frost resistance, as well as carefulness in care.

The kind got his name for the bright bark, and the fruits of Mulberry white can be painted in a yellowish color, gentle pink or almost black

Sorts of white silky

Mulberry white is represented by the highest assortment, since it was brought from Asia before Mulberry red and black. Decorative grade Mulberry White:

Weeping - a low-layer shape (up to 5 m), the crown consists of thin twisting branches;
The pyramidal is characterized by a narrow-pyramidal crown of up to 8 m height and blade leaves;
Spherical - low strabrum shape, the krone which is a ball for shape, dense;
A spoonful - the form develops in the form of a multifree -ting tree with a height of up to 5 m, the fruits of which are early ripen. The name was obtained for folded, bent on the middle of the leaves;
Large - leaves of mulberries together with a cushion reach 22 cm long;
Dissection - low shape, the leaves of which are divided into blades, some slightly concave;
Golden - young leaves and shoots have a characteristic golden chill;
Tatar - slow-growing low-spirited silk with elevated winter hardiness and multice-grade small leaves.

Fruit grade Mulberry White:

White honey - tall tree, fruits white, up to 3 cm long;
Darkness - the grade is distinguished by high frost resistance, as well as abundant harvest, black fruits are 3.5 cm long;
White tenderness - a high-yielding grade, the nollion have a light color, the length of the fruit is 5 cm;
Luganochka is a variety distinguished by high yields, the fruits of cream color up to 5.5 cm;
Black Baroness - a raven variety with sweet fruits, the length of which reaches 3.5 cm. Differs highly resistant to low negative temperatures;
Staromoskovskaya - Mulberry with a ball shape of the crown and almost black berries;
Ukrainian-6 - early high-yielding grade, the fruits of which have black color from 4 and more cm long.

The plant is brought from North America. The species is distinguished by high drought resistance, cool resistance and low requirements for gravity. The height of the Mulberry Red reaches 10-20 m, the crown of the spherical shape, the bark has a brown-brown tint. Leaves up to 12 cm long, ovoid shape with a pointed top, to the touch slightly rough. The bottom side of the sheet is covered with light felt floors. The fruits are dark-red (almost black), very juicy, up to 3 cm, the taste of sour-sweet, appear to the blackberry.

Extremely rarely rarely red silky is represented by monodomal specimens that do not require a couple of opposite sex for fruiting.

Fruits of mulberry red painted in dark burgundy, almost black

Grand Mulberry varieties

Popular varieties of red mulberry are considered:

Vladimirskaya is a self-sorted variety, can be grown in the form of a bush due to the active formation of side shoots at the bottom of the stammer. When circumcised the central conductor grows in the form of a crying form;
Felt - decorative shape, the leaves of which from the bottom side are covered with strong felt feeding.

Landing Mulberry

Like any other fruit culture, the Moltennik can land in spring (in April) before the plant's outlet from the state of rest or fall (in September - October) before the start of frosts.

Requirements for the place of landing of the Mulberry:

Well lit place.
Wind protection.
Moderately wet soil with a neutral reaction.
The depth of groundwater is not less than 1.5 m.

The landing pit for the young trees is preparing at least 2 weeks before the expected landing date. Average dimensions: 0.5x0.5x0.5 m. If spring fit is assumed, it is recommended to prepare landing pits from autumn by filling them with a fertile mixture.

If necessary, the soil fertilizer (a mixture of 5-7 kg of overworked manure and 100 g of superphosphate per seedling) the size of the landing pits increases. Fertilizers at the bottom of the pit overlap the soil layer to protect the roots from damage. In heavy soils, prone to fever, it is recommended to pour drainage from broken brick or rubble on the bottom of the pit.

When landing to raise the frost resistance of the tutovik, it is recommended to block the root neck to the ground slightly

Before landing in the pit, the support is bought in order so that the plant can be touched. After 2 weeks, the seedling is placed in a pit, carefully distributed the roots throughout the landing area. Gradually falling asleep, the young plant easily shakes so that emptiness is not formed in the ground. After the whole pit is falling asleep and sealed, a couple of water vests poured into the rolling circle and mulch the soil to prevent her drying.

Culture Transfer

In the issue of transplanting Mulberry, gardeners disagree in opinions: someone says that the plant does not make transplants, others, on the contrary, argue that culture is extremely unpretentious. The transplant periods also cause disputes.

In any case, it is advisable to transplant as young trees as possible. The tree is digging with a lore earth, trying to preserve most of the large roots. A transplantation to a new place is carried out both in the spring before the start of the deploration, and in the fall in 2-3 weeks before frosts so that the tree will have to root.

Video: Mulberry Transplant

Methods of breeding Mulberry

The tute tree is multiplied with both seeds and vegetatively, that is, with a weird or green cuttings, root siblings, vaccine, giving.

Seed method of breeding

In the second half of October, the berries of the current year purge from the pulp. For 1-2 hours, they are soaked in the growth stimulator solution (for example, zircon).

Small seeds of mulberries need to be carefully cleansed from the pulp

With the suspected spring planting seeds, it is necessary to subjected to stratification within 1-2 months - for this, the seeds are placed in the freezer. If for some reason the stratification was not carried out, the seeds are necessary before sowing a day to withstand in icy water, and after the same - in water with a temperature of 50ºC.

Seeding:

The garden prepared in a sunny place is spilled in a solution of fertilizer for fruit-berry crops.
Seeds are sown to a depth of 3-5 cm.
The bed is watered and closed with a layer of mulch. With autumn landing, the mulch layer increases to prevent seed freezing.
All the care of the shoots of mulberry consists in timely watering and feeding, weeding ridges from weeds.
By autumn, when shoots are quite fixed, they are seated with a distance of 3-5 m or their permanent places.

For the 5-6th year, seedlings enter the period of fruiting.

Grown from plant seeds most often do not inherit all signs of Musicinee

One of the minuses of seed reproduction is that shoots may not be completely or not at all inherit signs of the parent plant, which is why such copies are most often used as a collection.

Vegetative breeding methods

The reproduction of parts of the plant has a higher efficiency and allows you to maintain all signs of the initial in the child plant.

Reproduction of cuttings

The reproduction of cuttings is the process of time consuming. For it, it is necessary to create a comfortable environment in the greenhouses: a device of fog-forming installations. In addition, in such a way you can multiply only the Corresponding instances of the Tuta. Grown from silk cuttings fully inherits signs of the parent plant.

Green cuttings. During the period of intensive growth (June-July), cuttings with a length of 15-20 cm with 2-3 kidneys are cut. It is recommended to leave 2-3 sheets on a cutken, cutting them with half. To a greenhouse with high humidity, the cuttings are planted into the fertile soil at an angle of 45º, blocking at 3 cm. The landing in the open ground is made by the next spring, when the seedlings will acquire a branched root system and fix it.
Owned cuttings are cut in the same period as green. The order of their cultivation and disembarkation is also preserved. The main difference from green cuttings is a longer rooting process.

Reproduction of offspring

Many plants have the ability to form root pigs, if the main barrel is damaged - this process allows the plant to avoid death. A strong root silence of mulberry will allow you to grow a new instance instead of the deceased. Unnecessary root offspring can be cut and removed or dug with the root system and shortering on 1/3, fall as seedlings. The lifting trees inherit the signs of the Musician.

Graft

In general, the silky can be vaccinated by all available ways, but the most simple and successful is the copulating - grafting on the cutting cut. The coolant procedure itself happens two types:

Solk care

The key to a strong plant and an abundant harvest is not only the right planting or vaccination technique, but also proper care.

Watering and feeding

Mulberry must be water from early spring until July, in particularly drying weather, after which watering ends. The rainy spring pinch is not watered, as the culture does not tolerate soil moistening.In the spring, the plant is fed predominantly nitrogen fertilizers, and in summer - potash and phosphate.

Trimming

Mulberry, like any other plant, is cut only during resting period: full or partial. The least painless trimming - in April-beginning of May, until the kidneys were blocked and active inaccation did not begin. During this period, rejuvenating and forming trimming is carried out. Sanitary trimming is carried out in autumn, after the end of the growing season, when the air temperature dropped no lower than -10ºC. Then remove all damaged or sore branches that need to be burned.

Each type of mulberry has its own characteristics, so it is necessary to approach the trim individually. Thus, at the decorative mulberry, it is necessary to constantly maintain a given shape, and at the wrecker we regularly cut forward the crown and shock the shoots.

Video: Trimming Mulberry

Mulberry pests and diseases

Mulberry is quite resistant to various types of diseases and pests, but incorrect care, trimming, harsh winter can weaken the plant by making it vulnerable.

Prevent infection

To protect the mulberry in the future season from insects and diseases, it is recommended to carry out prophylactic treatments by fungicides and insecticides of the plant and soil under it. The procedure is carried out to the dissolution of the kidneys in the spring (in April) and after the end of the vegetation (in October). A 3% burglar solution or nitrafena is applied. In the spring, it is possible to use a 7% urea solution, which not only destroy the pests who mowed into crack cracks and fallen foliage, but also act as nitrogen fertilizer required during this period.

Diseases and measures of struggle

The most common types of diseases are the most common:

puffy dew - a disease of fungal origin. Externally manifested in the leaves and shoots in the form of whites. Wet weather and too thickened Crown are promoted by the spread of the disease. As prevention, it is recommended to remove the fallen foliage and cut the amazed branches in the fall. The peeing plant is processed by a solution of colloidal sulfur, foundazole or burglar liquid;
brown spottedness of leaves (cylindrosporiosis) - a fungal disease, manifested on the leaves in the form of lilac-red spots with brighter border, the amazed leaves gradually dry and fall. When the first signs appear, the plant is processed with a silitis in accordance with the instructions, re-processing is carried out in 2 weeks. In the fall, you must collect and destroy all the amazed leaves;
the bacteriosis is manifested in the form of spots of the wrong shape on young leaves and shoots of the silky, which are subsequently black, twisted and fall. Futhects gum appear on deforming shoots. For treatment, phytoflavin preparation is used, which is not always effective. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out prophylactic processing of mulberry;
mushroom Bodpetik affects only weakened, damaged plants destroying their wood. The body of the fungus, together with the wood section, is cut and destroyed, and the remaining wound is processed with 5% copper sulfate solution, after which the place is embroidered with a mixture of clay, lime and cowboy (1: 1: 2). As prophylaxis, it is recommended to process and lubricate damage to the trunk.

Photo Gallery: Mulberry Diseases

Mulberry pests

The most common the following insects:

white American Butterfly - the greatest harm is applied with greenish-brown caterpillars with black stains and yellow stripes along the body. Insects quickly eat foliage, and also form spider sockets that need to cut and burn. The crown is recommended to handle chlorofosomes, and on the trunk to install a curiy belt;
turning spiders - the caterpillars of the pest populate the crown during the swelling period, they are subsequently feed on with leaves. In the spring, it is required to prevent plants with chlorophos;
the web tick is a petty insect, the main sign of the settlement which is the finest web, entangling shoots. The tick is powered by the cellular juice of the leaves, which gradually dry, darken and fall. As a measure to combat pests, acaricidal preparations are used (for example, tickry, accomplishing);

Features of growing mulberry in the regions

Mulberry can be grown everywhere, but in cold regions it should be paid to her special attention, especially when preparing for the winter.

In outskirts of Moscow. In the Moscow region, the culture took root at the expense of its frost resistance - the silky withstands the decrease in temperature to -30ºC. However, a mushroom can perish in a honest winter at a temperature of -7ºС. Due to the insufficient duration of the daylight from the mulberry in the suburbs, there are two vegetation periods: spring and autumn. Here, one of the tools for survival in the plant is the ability to form cork tissue between the ridiculous and the unseen part of the escape. Therefore, in the fall, except for the leaf fall, near Moscow can notice the discharge of shoots.
In Siberia. Gardeners-experienced V. Shalamov and Kazanina argue in his writings that Siberia is possible to grow silky in the harsh conditions. However, the increase in frost resistance in southern culture is a long and time consuming process.
In Ukraine. Here you can often meet, besides silky white and black, silky red, satin and multi-seated. The landing of the mulberry in Ukraine is produced in both the spring and in autumn - culture shows excellent survival in local conditions.
In Belarus. Mulberry is actively growing in Belarus: both in the south of the Brest region and in more northern regions.