Arch in France name. Arc de Triomphe on the map of Paris. Arc de Triomphe now

Contacts

Address: Place Charles de Gaulle, 75008 Paris, France

Telephone: +33 01 55 37 73 77

Opening hours: from 10:00 to 22:30

Price: 9.5€, under 18 years free

Official site: arc-de-triomphe.monuments-nationaux.fr

How to get there

Metro: Charles de Gaulle-Etoile station (lines 1, 2, 6)

RER: Charles de Gaulle-Etoile station (line A)

Buses: No. 22, 30, 31, 52, 73, 92 and Balabus

France... Paris... In these two words, everyone can hear something of their own, exciting and admiring at the same time. These include walks for lovers, and climbing to see unforgettable landscapes, and the aroma of unsurpassed perfume, one drop of which makes the heart beat faster, and the delicious taste of delicate crispy pastries in the morning, filling with inspiration for the whole day...

Of course, like any other city, Paris has a list of attractions that simply must be visited.

One of the honorable places on this list is occupied by Triumphal Arch in Paris. And it doesn’t matter what it is on the street - or summer, spring or autumn - this magnificent creation, created by the desire of a great figure to perpetuate his victories and glorify himself for centuries, is beautiful at any time of the year, and his visit will forever remain in memory.

History of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris

History of creation Arc de Triomphe in Paris dates back to the reign of Napoleon on French lands, and it itself was built during the reign of this famous person. Great Emperor decided to erect something in honor of his victorious marches through foreign lands and military successes of 1805-1806.

The arch project was created by the architect Jean-François Chalgrin and it was conceived in the ancient Roman style. The description of the composition of the future arch sounded like this: “a rectangular massif, cut through by a high opening.” The first stone was laid by the emperor himself in the summer of 1906. In 1810, Napoleon and his wife drove through a model of an arch made of wood. The model was covered with fabric on which the famous bas-reliefs were painted.

But construction works were completed only 30 years later, and both the ruler and the architect himself, unfortunately, were not able to see their majestic brainchild. Only after his death was the body of the great conqueror, delivered from St. Helena in 1840, carried through the Triumphal Gate in Paris.

Description of the Arc de Triomphe

A truly grandiose structure is the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. France can rightfully be proud of this historical monument. The height of the arch is the greatest among all triumphal arches in the world - 49.51 m, width - 44.82 m, thickness - 22 m. Giant bas-reliefs from all sides decorate the arch:

  • "Austerlitz"
  • "Battle of Zhemal"
  • "Resistance",
  • "Marso's Funeral"
  • "Mir" etc.

The arch also contains the names of 128 battles and the names of 558 French officers. The triumphal arch is surrounded by 100 granite pedestals (in honor of the 100 days of Napoleon's secondary reign), which are connected by cast iron chains. In 1921, the body of an unknown person was transferred under the walls of the arch French soldier who gave his life in the First World War.

Later it was decided to light it at the arch Eternal flame. Now the arch is also the site of military parades and the laying of wreaths in honor of the memory of veterans. Every year such events attract up to a million visitors.

What to see
Any travel agency will offer those who want to see the Arc de Triomphe in Paris excursions that will satisfy the most demanding tastes. So what interesting things await any tourist who decides to get acquainted with the most famous building in Paris? First of all, you should know that inside the arch there is a small museum where every visitor can buy a ticket and get acquainted with the history of its creation, learn about the grandiose plans of Napoleon and his death, which did not allow him to see the completed structure.

In addition to the museum, you should climb to the observation deck (280 steps), which offers a royal view of the Paris district. The location of the arch is in the center of Charles le Gaulle (Stars) Square (indicated on any map), 12 rays of avenues diverge from it, the most famous of which is the Champs Elysees. The panorama of the square itself is also clearly revealed to tourists. Everyone can admire the clear geometry, perfectly straight lines along which the “Triumphal Path” passes.

Arc de Triomphe, Paris: how to get there

Tourists can visit the Arc de Triomphe in several ways. Near it is:

  • railway station
  • and Charles de Gaulle-Etoile metro station.

After arriving at the site, pedestrians can reach the architectural monument through a special underground passage. Tourists are taken to the top of the arch by an elevator, which is located in the inner part of the monument, and then 48 steps or a staircase with 280 steps await visitors.

Arc de Triomphe on the map of Paris:

The reign of the Roman Empire left behind many discoveries, traditions, and architectural landmarks. Among them, an invaluable reward stands out for commanders who won a quick victory with minimal losses, called a triumphal procession. The famous Gaius Julius Caesar was named great emperor after entering Rome in triumph under a special triumphal arch. Since then, majestic buildings began to appear in different places planets.

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Construction of the symbol of Paris as architectural monument The Arc de Triomphe, designed by the French Emperor Napoleon. She was required to perpetuate the victory of the man who remade the map of the entire Old World. The construction of the structure took 30 long years. Napoleon and the architects Chalgrin and Abel Blouse did not see its completion. But the majestic structure preserved these names for posterity.

It is located in the center famous square Charles de Gaulle. The life story of the great commander of the Second World War can be heard during excursions, standing next to the ceremonial building. Other names for the place are Place de l'Etoile, "Place of the Stars". In different directions from the square, as if from the Arc de Triomphe, 12 avenues diverge in strict rays.

Each of them is considered a landmark of the city. It seems that the arch is still inviting strong people, not only soldiers of Napoleon’s army, but also those known for their achievements in various directions, celebrate their victory and triumph here.

Napoleon's order to begin construction of the Arc de Triomphe began to be implemented after the Battle of Austerlitz. The site for the future landmark of Paris was initially chosen to be a section of Rue Antoine. The walls of the gloomy Bastille used to stand here. However, the building could complicate traffic, and the construction site was moved to the ancient star-shaped crossroads of Chaillot and Ternes. In earlier times, by order of Pompadour's brother, the Marquis de Marigny completely removed the soil from the high hill, opening a direct passage to the Champs-Elysees.

The place has become a favorite hiking residents. The triumphal arch complemented the magnificent view from the imperial palace of Tuileries, located on top of the Chaillot hill. The front facade of the building is directed towards the palace, welcoming the passing emperor. The first foundation stone was laid on August 15, the emperor's birthday. The basis of the construction project was the Arch of Constantine in Rome. The architect increased its size, making the structure the largest of the existing Arc de Triomphe.

Construction of the foundation took about two years. An interesting event happened at this time. It is associated with Marie Louise's passage along the Champs Elysees in Paris. On the finished foundation, decorations in the shape of the Arc de Triomphe were quickly erected from wood and fabrics. Only in 1836, under the reign of Louis Philippe, construction was completed. The walls of the arch are decorated with an interesting ensemble of bas-reliefs associated with the events of the victories of Emperor Napoleon, whose ashes rested on the island since 1821 Pacific Ocean Saint Helena.

The coffin with the body of the emperor passed in a funeral cortege under the arches of the architectural creation he created in December 1840. The Parisian landmark became the site of the farewell procession of the country's great people, for example, Victor Hugo, Lazare Carnot, etc. Unfortunately, the fascist army of the evil dictator Hitler demonstratively marched under it during the Second World War.

Description

The height of the arch is almost 50 m, the width is about 45 m, the height of the arch reaches 29.19 m. Sculptures beautiful women with wings blowing fanfares symbolize the triumph of the winners passing under the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. The architectural structure is decorated with interesting sculptural groups:

  • In the direction of the Champs Elysees. The bas-relief “Triumph of 1810” or “Apothesis of Napoleon” dedicated to the signing of the Treaty of Vienna is memorable. The names of 558 generals of Napoleon's army who took part in important battles are stamped here. The bas-reliefs “The Battle of Austerlitz”, “The Capture of Alesandria”, “The Battle of Aboukir”, “Resistance to the Invasion of 1814”, “Arcole Bridge”, “Marseillaise” are directly related to Napoleon’s victories. The central part of Francois Rude's work is occupied by the figure of a strong, beautiful Amazon, calling her people to battle.
  • Direction to Grand Armais Avenue. Sculptural groups of bas-reliefs “Battle of Arcola”, “Battle of Kanob”, names of 128 battles.
  • 100 granite pedestals, which are connected by massive cast iron chains and surround the arch. This is the number of days that made up Napoleon's reign.

Inside the building there is a museum, with artifacts in the form of photographs, documents, printed publications telling about the history of creation, characteristics of all the events that took place here. Under the arched vaults there is a grave with the ashes of the Unknown Soldier, who participated in the battles of the First World War.

Arc de Triomphe now

Currently, the landmark is still a symbol of French military power. Underneath you can hear the military music of parades with tanks, modern weapons, taking place during special events, for example, on Bastille Day. At this time, the national flag of the country flutters victoriously over its walls. Every day at 6:30 p.m., a moving ceremony takes place here when war veterans light the memorial flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

Observation deck

Only 280 steps leading to the observation deck, organized at the top of the architectural structure, will be easy, simple, remembering the beautiful view obtained from it. Especially if you overcome them at dusk. The last rays of the setting sun illuminate the surroundings, playing on the marble walls of adjacent landmarks with an extraordinary light. A night trip through the illuminated arch allows you to take amazing pictures of the sparkling lights of the buildings of Paris, Eiffel Tower, stretching beyond the horizon, beautiful avenues of the city.

Among most beautiful cities Paris rightfully occupies one of the leading places in the Old World. Its world-famous sights are awe-inspiring: the Eiffel Tower, and, of course, Triumphal Arch, which located on General Charles de Gaulle Square, formerly called Star Square. From the center of the square, where there is a monument erected in honor of those soldiers who died for France, the “beams” of twelve streets diverge.

Arc de Triomphe in Paris - description.

The triumphal arch was built in antique style and has U-shape. The prototype of the monument was the famous Roman Arch of Titus. Height of the Arc de Triomphe reaches 49.5 m, the width is almost 45 m, and the height of the vault of the central span is more than 29 m. The four pylons supporting the vault of the arch are decorated with sculptural bas-reliefs made by different sculptors. “Marseillaise” was created by François Rudeau, “The Triumph of Napoleon 1810” was created by Cortot, and “Resistance” and “Peace” belong to the Etex chisel. From the north and south, the passages between the pylons are designed in the form of small arched vaults.


The upper bas-reliefs of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris tell the story of 128 victories won by the French army. The names of 558 French officers who covered themselves with military glory are carved on the interior walls. The monument is surrounded by hundreds of granite pedestals connected by cast iron chains. They are a symbol of the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte. There are 46 steps leading to the roof of the arch, where the observation deck is located. From the height of the monument, you can admire the stunning view of Paris and stand in delight when you see numerous monuments, buildings and avenues located on the same line, which are not for nothing called the “Triumphal Way”.


Arc de Triomphe inside.

Inside the monument there is a small museum with an exhibition where you can learn about the history of the creation of the Arc de Triomphe. There, under the dome of the arch, is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, dedicated to the soldiers who died in the First World War of 1914-1918. An eternal flame burns above her, as a reminder of this.

The history of the construction of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

After the victorious battle of Austerlitz, Napoleon Bonaparte decided to perpetuate the memory of this event. And on February 18, 1806, he gave the order to erect a structure that would correspond in importance to the victory he won. The original idea for the monument belonged to J.F. Chalgrin, after whose death the work was continued by the architects J.N. Yuyo, G. A. Blues, and L. Gu. Each of them made their own additions to the project, making the structure even more majestic than the Roman model.


At the end of the summer of 1807, the first foundation stone was laid, construction lasted about two years. For various reasons, the construction of the monument was postponed several times. Napoleon, who conceived this construction, never saw it completed. Entering Paris in 1810, he passed under the wooden arches of the model, and in 1814 (the year of his abdication) the Arc de Triomphe was only half erected.

With the coming to power of the Bourbon dynasty, construction was frozen and continued only in 1830. Six years later, on July 29, 1836, the Arc de Triomphe was opened. In 1840, only a funeral cortege was destined to pass under the arches of the monument, delivering the remains of the emperor for burial in the Palace of Invalides.

The height and width of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris are so enormous that in 1919, pilot Charles Godfrey flew an airplane through the arch to celebrate the end of the First World War. Over the past almost 180 years, the monument has suffered greatly. Atmospheric precipitation, urban smog and soil vibration caused by vehicle traffic led to cracking of the bas-reliefs and weakening of the strength of the masonry. Therefore, the Arc de Triomphe is in need of restoration work, the last of which took place in 2003 and 2008.

What is the Parisian Arc de Triomphe famous for: 10 interesting facts, which you need to know. How to get to the panoramic platform overlooking La Défense.

In July 1836, three decades after Napoleon himself approved the project, Paris celebrated the opening of the massive Arc de Triomphe. The monumental structure was erected on Place Charles de Gaulle (formerly Etoile) and crowns the legendary Champs Elysees. Through the place where the Arc de Triomphe stands today, there was a direct road from the Louvre to. True, strictly at this point it was necessary to turn left - onto Avenue Foch or Avenue Victor Hugo.

The road, called the “Triumphal Way” in those days, still exists today. It connects three iconic points: the Arch of Carrousel near, the Arc de Triomphe on Place de l'Etoile and the ultra-modern Grand Arch in La Défense. To admire the architectural miracle of the 20th century, guests of Paris go up to the panoramic platform. The Defense Quarter from there is at your fingertips! But the secrets “hidden” in the history of this architectural monument are not limited to this. We collected 10 little known facts about the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

Excursions in Paris in Russian

The most interesting excursions are routes from local residents to Tripster. The most interesting thing to start with is (orient yourself to the area and outline routes for future walks). After which you won’t regret a whole day (the guide will offer a choice of the castle of Josephine Bonaparte, Monte Cristo, the Marquise of Pompadour and many others).

Arc de Triomphe: 10 interesting facts

1. A giant elephant instead of an arch

Even before Napoleon, the French architect Charles Ribar proposed a three-level building in the shape of an elephant, which could be accessed by a spiral staircase leading into the elephant's entrails. Ribar was ready to begin construction, but the French government eventually rejected his project. Go figure it out.

2. Project in honor of the victory at Austerlitz

Arc de Triomphe on Place Charles de Gaulle

The arch project was approved by Napoleon Bonaparte after the victorious battle of Austerlitz in 1806. The construction of the Arch took 30 years. Which is not surprising: this was not an easy project. At the base of each of the four pillars of the Arch there are sculptural compositions commemorating the four victories. On the top of the structure, the main successes and achievements during the revolution and the reign of Bonaparte are indicated. Less important victories are marked on the interior walls, plus the names of 558 generals. Underlined names indicate that the general was killed in action.

3. Napoleon never saw the Arc de Triomphe

The arch was completed in 1836, when Napoleon Bonaparte had already been dead for 15 years. When the emperor married an Austrian princess, a wooden replica of the Arc de Triomphe was built for the couple so that the newlyweds could walk through it and enter as spouses. After the Emperor's abdication in 1814, construction stopped and only resumed in 1826. Almost 20 years after his death (in 1840), Napoleon finally walked through the completed arch as his body was carried to his final resting place.

4. Second largest arch in the world

The Arc de Triomphe of Paris is the second largest (height - 50 m, width - 45 m), and it was the largest in the world until 1982. It was then North Korea built her own Arc de Triomphe, larger and more impressive.

5. Charles Godefroy and his flight under the arch

After the end of World War I, pilot Charles Godfroy made a breathtaking flight under the arch in a Nieuport fighter to honor the memory of all the fallen pilots. These frames remained recorded on film.

6. An unknown soldier is buried under the arch

Eternal flame under the arch (Paris, France)

Like many countries, France also has the Tomb of the Nameless or Unknown Soldier. It has been located under the Arc de Triomphe since November 10, 1920. At the same time, the eternal flame appeared here as a symbol of memory of all the fallen.

7. The problem with the composition “La Marseillaise”

It is said that on the day that the Battle of Verdun began in 1916 (the main battle between Germany and the First World War), the sword of the figure representing the Republic fell off. The sculpture was immediately covered with a tarpaulin to prevent citizens from taking France's broken sword as a bad omen.

8. Arc de Triomphe - the site of assassination attempts on top officials

Charles de Gaulle was almost shot dead in the vicinity of the Arc de Triomphe during his presidency. However, being the first person in the state, he survived more than 30 assassination attempts, so he was unlikely to be too frightened. In 2002, Jacques Chirac was shot at in the same place, and the shooter missed this time too.

9. The Arch witnessed the defeats of France

Panoramic view of the avenues of Paris

Although the structure symbolizes the victories of France, in its lifetime it has also seen cruel defeats. In 1871, the Germans marched under the Arc de Triomphe in Paris during the Franco-Prussian War. Seven decades later, the Nazis followed the same path during their occupation. French capital fascist.

10. “Washing” the arch is not an easy task

Thoroughly washing the Arc de Triomphe is an extremely labor-intensive process. Last " spring-cleaning” took place in 2011 - for the first time in almost half a century.

Observation deck on the Arc de Triomphe

You can climb the Arc de Triomphe to admire the avenues radiating out from the Place de l'Etoile (meaning star in French). A magnificent view also opens onto the “skyscrapers” of the modern La Défense quarter.

Ticket price € 12, student ticket (from 18 to 25 years old) - € 9, group ticket (from 20 people in a group) - € 9. You can buy tickets at www.monuments-nationaux.fr. Official website of the Arc de Triomphe: www.paris-arc-de-triomphe.fr.

Opening hours: in winter (from October 1 to March 31) - from 10-00 to 22-30, in summer (from April 1 to September 30) - 10-00 to 23-00. The last visitors are allowed in 45-60 minutes before the observation deck closes, depending on how busy it is. With a large influx of tourists, the ticket office may close even earlier, and then there will be no opportunity to go upstairs. Closed days: January 1, May 1, May 8 (morning), July 14, November 11 (morning) and December 25.

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Address: France, Paris, Place Charles de Gaulle (Place des Stars)
Start of construction: 1806
Completion of construction: 1836
Architect: Jean Chalgrin
Height: 49.51 m.
Width: 44.82 m.
Coordinates: 48°52′26″N 2°17′41″E

The Arc de Triomphe in Paris is one of the greatest monuments of history and architecture, which any more or less literate inhabitant of our planet knows about.

It is located in the legendary eighth arrondissement of the French capital, on a square called Place Charles de Gaulle, or Place des Stars. If we consider these two names, it becomes clear that one of them the square received in honor of the great commander of the Second World War, but the “Star” square was named because of the twelve even rays-avenues that diverge from it in different sides Paris. One of these twelve avenues is the famous Champs Elysees.

View of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris

The Arc de Triomphe in Paris was built over 30 years from 1806 to 1836. Its construction began on the orders of the greatest French conqueror and strategist Napoleon Bonaparte. Paris was supposed to become a symbol of the great victories of the emperor and the man who “redrew” the map of the Old World along with his fearless army. True, Napoleon made the decision to build the arch back in 1805, inspired by his own talent as a military strategist, who helped him win a difficult victory in the Battle of Austerlitz. The project for the future historical monument was developed by the architect Jean Chalgrin, who, alas, was not able to see his brainchild with his own eyes: he died back in 1811. However, the great Arc de Triomphe, which is one of the main attractions of Paris, immortalized his name for posterity.

Arc de Triomphe... People have been accustomed to this name for a long time. By the way, Paris is not the only city where you can see a triumphal arch.

Bird's eye view of the Arc de Triomphe

There are quite a few of them, however, they are not as famous as the one located in the center of the “12-pointed Star”. Let's be honest, not everyone knows the origin of the word “triumph”: where it first appeared, what it means, and why the arch in Paris is called Triumphal. The word "triumph" comes from Latin language, and became widespread in the Great Roman Empire. Triumph meant the entry of the great commander and his army into the capital in victory.

Moreover, the victory had to be won unconditionally, quickly and with the least losses for triumph. Triumph is also the most precious reward for a commander, without which he could not call himself and his legion great. Only after his Triumph was Gaius Julius Caesar taken seriously by the people and recognized as a great emperor. It is from the times of the Roman Empire that the word “triumph” dates back to its history, and the arches through which commanders and their armies passed began to be called triumphal.

View of the Arc de Triomphe from Avenue de la Grande-Arme

History of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris

As mentioned above, the architect Jean Chalgrin, who developed the design of the Arc de Triomphe, died almost immediately after laying the foundation of the future structure. The construction of the structure was constantly suspended, as the emperor began to suffer defeats on the battlefields. It is for this reason that the arch took so long to build.

Napoleon himself did not live to see his great Triumph: all work on the arch was completed in 1836, already at that time Louis Philippe ruled France. The work was led by a new architect, Abel Blouet. However, the dream of the great warrior, or, as many call him, the tyrant, nevertheless came true. In December 1840, a cortege passed under the arches carrying a coffin containing the remains of Napoleon Bonaparte, who died far from Paris on the island of St. Helena in early May 1821. Not only Napoleon was awarded this honor: under the arches designed to celebrate the Triumph, coffins with the bodies of Victor Hugo, Gambetta, Lazare Carnot and other equally famous personalities later stopped.

Arc de Triomphe in Paris side view

The Arc de Triomphe in Paris, alas, became a symbol of triumph not only for outstanding military commanders, writers and rulers of France. In 1940, a procession passed through the Arc de Triomphe fascist invaders, to which Paris surrendered with virtually no resistance in order to somehow preserve priceless historical and architectural monuments. Hitler knew very well the meaning of the word “triumph” and what the legendary Arc de Triomphe and the Champs Elysees meant to the French.

The dictator and evil genius of the 20th century ordered his army to march ostentatiously through the Arc de Triomphe and then march in victory along the Champs-Élysées. Thus, the Nazis once again enjoyed their own triumph, for which millions of people had to pay with their lives. But this is already a story that, by the way, Parisians do not like to remember, because for them that parade was nothing more than humiliation and shame.

Sculptural group from the side of Avenue de la Grande-Arme “The World of 1815” by sculptor Antoine Etex

Arc de Triomphe today

If we look at the Arc de Triomphe in Paris today, we can see a majestic structure, the height of which reaches almost 50 meters and the width of 44.82 meters. However, these dry numbers, naturally, cannot convey all the majesty and beauty of the arch. The architect's project was brought to life in an antique style. Glory and triumph are symbolized by beautiful maidens with wings who blow fanfares.

These sculptures on the arch were made by the architect Jean-Jacques Pradier, born in Switzerland, who at one time was awarded the Rome Prize for his achievements not only in sculpture, but also in painting. On the arch you can also see a sculpture called “Marseillaise”, which symbolizes the protest of volunteers against the Prussian army, which captured Lorraine. The “Triumph of 1810” also attracts attention - this sculpture by Cortot, dedicated to the signing of the Peace of Vienna in 1815. The arch is decorated with both the “Peace” and “Resistance” sculptures, owned by Etex.

Sculptural group from the Champs Elysees side “Marseillaise” by sculptor Rud

The last sculptor is known only in narrow circles; he, alas, never received world recognition, although his creations adorn the legendary Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

A tourist viewing the arch will certainly see on its walls the names of the bloody battles that were won by France in different times. The names of the greatest French commanders are forever engraved on it. The arch itself is surrounded by one hundred pedestals connected to each other by heavy chains made of durable cast iron. This is not just a decoration or a fence for a Paris landmark.

It is one hundred pedestals that are intended to symbolize “one hundred greatest days» during the reign of the empire of Napoleon Bonaparte. In the arch itself there is also an interesting, albeit small, building in which the museum is located: in it, the visitor can get acquainted with the history of construction and learn about the triumphal processions that took place under the Arc de Triomphe.

Sculptural group from the Champs Elysees side “Triumph of 1810” by sculptor Cortot

Even if you get acquainted with the Arc de Triomphe in Paris without the help of a guide, it is impossible not to pay attention to the grave under its arches. It is not the greatest ruler or commander who is buried there: in 1921, an ordinary ordinary soldier was buried there, who died on the battlefield during the First World War, whose name still remains unknown. All visitors to the greatest architectural monument are invited to climb the arch, from which you can enjoy the panorama of Paris. Naturally, the view from a 50-meter height cannot be compared with what can be seen from the Eiffel Tower, but it can delight any tourist. A traveler who comes to Paris for an experience should definitely know that the best way to get to the Arc de Triomphe is through numerous underground passages, since the flow of vehicles near it does not stop even late at night. You can climb the arch any day of the week; it is open for tourists from 10 a.m. to 11 p.m. However, to familiarize yourself with it you will have to pay a small fee of 10 euros.

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