The standard of living of the majority of Russian citizens has shown a sharp decline over the past few years. Wealthy Russians, meanwhile, are multiplying their capital and transferring it to other countries, according to the journalists of the "News of Russia" section of the Internet edition for business people "Market Leader".
Columnist Alexander Alikin in his publication for the American edition EurasiaNet writes that the total capital of the 200 richest Russians over the past year increased to $ 485 billion. This amount significantly exceeds not only the size of the gold reserves of the Russian Central Bank ($ 433 billion), but also the savings of the entire Russian population in bank accounts (approximately $ 389 billion).
Wealthy Russians are considered to be people with a fortune of $ 5 million, excluding the cost of basic housing. Over the past year, the Russian rich have become richer by 22-27 percent, their fortune has reached $ 1.2 trillion (73.5 percent of the country's GDP). Rich Russians do not invest the money they have earned in the development of the domestic economy; capital still goes abroad.
Meanwhile, the incomes of Russian citizens who do not belong to the category of wealthy people have been falling for the fifth year in a row. Statistics show that the number of the poor continues to grow in the country. On the one hand, the authorities pay attention to the negative impact of social inequality on the country's economy. At the same time, officials do not attempt to change anything. The state continues to create conditions for the enrichment of wealthy citizens. The income tax for all Russians may soon be raised from 13 to 15 percent, which will further reduce the real incomes of the population.
Not all Russians feel the impact of the economic crisis.
At the end of 2017, the number of wealthy people in Russia has increased dramatically. The number of billionaires increased by 10 percent (from 96 to 106 people), according to the business publication Forbes. At the same time, the combined wealth of the 200 richest Russian citizens increased by $ 25 billion and reached $ 485 billion. Compared to the previous year, the number of Russians with a fortune of $ 5-50 million and citizens with a fortune of $ 50-500 million (up to 2,620 people) increased by 27 percent (up to 38,120 people), such data are indicated in the annual report The Wealth Report from the company's experts Knight Frank.
In addition, the number of Russians whose property is estimated at more than $ 500 million has increased by 22 percent (up to 220 people). Despite the growth in the previous year, the number of wealthy people in the country is still well below the pre-crisis levels. Compared to 2012, the number of citizens with a fortune of $ 5 to $ 50 million has decreased by 35 percent.
The number of millionaires with a fortune of $ 50-500 million declined similarly. Also, the number of Russians with a fortune of more than $ 500 million has decreased by 39 percent. Knight Frank analysts estimate that 38.1 thousand Russian dollar millionaires own a fortune of $ 1.2 trillion, which corresponds to 73.5 percent of the state's GDP for the last year.
The enrichment of a small number of Russian citizens could be positive news if you have served the money they earn for the benefit of the country's economy. From the data of the Central Bank, it follows that capital continues to go abroad. The outflow of money from the private sector in the previous year increased by 34.8 percent to $ 24.8 billion. In January, the Central Bank tentatively estimated the annual capital outflow at an even larger amount ($ 31.3 billion).
If in 2017 the private sector money went abroad mainly due to "operations of the banking sector to reduce external liabilities", then in the first quarter of 2018 the outflow was formed as a result of "an increase in foreign assets of other sectors." The decrease in banks' external liabilities is extremely difficult to verify, in the case of the "increase in foreign assets of other sectors" we are talking about commercial firms, households (citizens) and non-profit organizations.
Central Bank statistics are not the only indication that wealthy Russians are interested in buying foreign assets. About 40 percent of Russians with a fortune of $ 30 million or more want to buy property abroad. Only a fifth of them are planning to buy real estate in Russia. This was announced in March by the head of the elite real estate department at Knight Frank, Lyudmila Potapova.
Russian citizens who can afford to buy real estate abroad are primarily interested in properties in the USA, Great Britain and Cyprus. According to Potapova, there is a "flurry of requests" in the latter direction. Marina Shalaeva, director of the department of foreign real estate and private investments at Knight Frank, confirms the information. Along with the search for overseas real estate, wealthy Russians are exploring the possibilities and ways to leave Russia, in almost half of the cases we are talking about moving to permanent residence.
Against the backdrop of the enrichment of wealthy Russians, the majority of ordinary citizens continue to grow poorer. After 2014, the real disposable income of Russian citizens has been declining every year. By the end of last year, there was a decrease in income by 11.4 percent over 4 years. In January-February of this year, real incomes fell by an additional 0.8 percent. Experts call the growth of compulsory payments (taxes, fees, insurance premiums and loan payments) one of the main sources of reduction in real incomes.
Hello! Today we will talk about the richest people in the world according to Forbes.
TOP 10 richest people in the World 2017 according to Forbes
1. Bill Gates is the richest man in the world
- Condition: 86 billion
- Source of income: Microsoft
- Age: 61
- Country: USA
The founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates, owns a 3% stake in his company, which is approximately 13% of his fortune. The rest of the money he earns: investing in the Canadian National Railways, the American engineering company, etc. The richest man in the world.
Forbes tops the list 18 times out of 23. Bill Gates earns $ 6,659 per minute.
- Condition: 75.6 billion
- Source of earnings: Berkshire Hathaway
- Age: 87
- Country: USA
The richest private investor in human history. The main capital is concentrated in Berkshire Hathaway. The largest philanthropist in modern history.
Sells at auction every year the right to have breakfast with him. The last time such a right cost the buyer $ 3 million.
Founder of Facebook and the youngest of the Forbes top 10 billionaires.
- Condition: 54.4 billion
- Source of income: Grupo Carso
- Age: 78
- Country: Mexico
A businessman who is actively involved in telecommunications. From 2010 to 2013, he was the richest man in the world.
- Condition: 52.2 billion
- Source of income: Oracle
- Age: 73
- Country: USA
A businessman who made his fortune on software development and implementation. Before the dot-com crash in 2000, he was one of the three richest people on the planet.
- Condition: 48.3 billion
- Age: 82
- Country: USA
Known as an active politician and sponsor of the US Republican Party. In 2012, he invested 400 million to resist the election of Barack Obama.
- Condition: 48.3 billion
- Source of income: Koch Industries
- Age: 77
- Country: USA
Unlike his brother, he is less interested in politics and is busy with the affairs of the company. Reinvests about $ 110 billion a year in his own business.
- Condition: 47.5 billion
- Source of income: Bloomberg.LP
- Age: 76
- Country: USA
108th mayor of New York, entrepreneur. He is the founder of the Bloomberg news agency. Rounding out the top 10 richest people in the world.
20 richest people in the world according to Forbes
- Condition: 41.5 billion
- Source of income: Louis Vuitton
- Age: 68
- Country: USA
In 2011-2012 he was one of the four richest people in the world.
- Condition: 40.7 billion
- Source of earnings: Google
- Age: 44
- Country: USA
CEO of Google.
- Condition: 39.8
- Source of earnings: Google
- Age: 44
- Country: USA
Developer and co-founder of Google.
- Condition: 39.5 billion
- Source of income: L'Oreal
- Age: 95
- Country: France
The richest woman in the world.
15. Robson Walton
- Condition: 34.1 billion
- Source of earnings: Wal-Mart
- Age: 73
- Country: USA
Head of WalMart Corporation.
- Condition: 34 billion
- Source of income: Arvest
- Age: 69
- Country: USA
Youngest son of the Walton family, chairman of Arvest Bank. Has a stake in Wal-Mart.
Owner of the largest casino chain in Las Vegas. Closes the 20 richest people in the world at the moment.
List of TOP-100 richest people in the world in 2018
21.Steve Ballmer
- Condition: 30 billion
- Source of income: Microsoft
- Age: 61
- Country: USA
From 2000 to 2014 he was the CEO of Microsoft Corporation. The richest employee in the world.
22. Georges Lemmann
- Condition: 29.2 billion
- Source of income: Beer business
- Age: 78
- Country: Brazil
The richest Brazilian in the world.
23. Jack Ma
- Condition: 28.3 billion
- Source of income: E-commerce
- Age: 53
- Country: China
Chairman of the Board of the Alibaba Group.
24. Karl Albrecht
- Condition: 27.2 billion
- Age: 85
- Country: Germany
Owns the largest supermarket chain in Germany.
25.David Thomson
- Condition: 27.2 billion
- Source of income: Media
- Age: 60
- Country: Canada
Everyone still considers him the dark horse among all billionaires. The most secretive of all the top 100.
26. Jacqueline Mars
- Condition: 27 billion
- Source of income: Mars
- Age: 78
- Country: USA
Granddaughter of the founder of Mars Incorporated.
27. John Mars
- Condition: 27 billion
- Source of income: Mars
- Age: 82
- Country: USA
Chairman of Mars Incorporated.
28. Phil Knight
- Condition: 26.2 billion
- Source of income: Nike
- Age: 79
- Country: USA
One of the founders of Nike.
29. Maria Franco Fissolo
- Condition: 25.2 billion
- Source of income: Nutella
- Age: 83
- Country: Italy
The richest of all the inhabitants of Italy.
30. George Soros
- Condition: 25.2 billion
- Age: 87
- Country: USA
The man who with his own hands provoked the fall of the British pound on September 16, 1992. He earned over $ 1 billion on this event.
31. Ma Huateng
- Condition: 24.9 billion
- Source of income: Internet Media
- Age: 46
- Country: China
In the list of the most influential people in the world, he is firmly in the top 50.
32. Lee Shawki
- Condition: 24.4 billion
- Source of income: Henderson Land Development Company Limited
- Age: 90
- Country: Hong Kong
Chairman of the Hong Kong Gas Company.
33. Mukesh Ambani
- Condition: 23.2 billion
- Source of income: Reliance Indusries
- Age: 60
- Country: India
For 3 years now, he has been suing his brother over the price of gas delivery.
34. Masayoshi Dream
- Condition: 21.2 billion
- Source of income: Soft Bank
- Age: 60
- Country: Japan
He made his fortune by introducing Internet technologies into business.
35. Kirk Christiansen
- Wealth: 21.1 billion
- Source of income: Lego
- Age: 70
- Country: Denmark
Founder of the Lego company.
36. George Schaeffler
- Condition: 20.7 billion
- Source of income: Schaeffler Group
- Age: 53
- Country: Germany
He made his fortune on bearings.
37. Joseph Safra
- Condition: 20.5 billion
- Source of income: Safra Group
- Age: 79
- Country: Brazil
Owner of a banking empire.
- Condition: 20.4 billion
- Source of income: Dell computers
- Age: 52
- Country: USA
He started working at home, selling homemade modifications to computers.
39. Susan Klatten
- Condition: 20.4 billion
- Age: 55
- Country: Germany
Owns 50% of shares in Altana pharmaceutical company and 12% in BMW.
40. Leonid Blavatnik
- Condition: 20 billion
- Source of income: Access Industries
- Age: 60
- Country: USA
Member of the Presidium of the Russian Jewish Congress.
41. Lauren Jobs
- Condition: 20 billion
- Source of income: Apple, Disney
- Age: 54
- Country: USA
Founder of a natural food supply company in the USA. Steve Jboss's wife.
42. Paul Allen
- Condition: 19.9 billion
- Source of income: Microsoft and private investment
- Age: 65
- Country: USA
Co-founder of Microsoft.
43. Stephen Perrson
- Condition: 19.6 billion
- Source of income: H&M
- Age: 70
- Country: Sweden
Largest shareholder in H&M, founded by his father.
44. Theo Albrecht
- Condition: 18.8 billion
- Source of income: Supermarkets
- Age: 67
- Country: Germany
Co-founder of a large supermarket chain in Germany, together with his brother Karl.
45. Al-Walid ibn Talal
- Condition: 18.7
- Source of income: Investments
- Age: 62
- Country: Saudi Arabia.
The nephew of the high king. Made a fortune buying stocks.
46. Leonid Mikhelson
- Condition: 18.4 billion
- Source of income: Novatek
- Age: 62
- Country Russia
The richest Russian according to Forbes magazine.
47. Charles Ergen
- Condition: 18.3
- Source of income: EchoStar
- Age: 64
- Country: USA
Made a fortune on satellite TV.
48. Stefan Quandt
- Condition: 18.3 billion
- Source of income: BMW
- Age: 51
- Country: Germany
It is he who owns most of the stake in BMW.
49. James Simons
- Condition: 18 billion
- Source of income: Investments
- Age: 79
- Country: USA
American mathematician and candidate of the Academy of Sciences. Made a fortune trading.
50. Leonardo Del Vechio
- Condition: 17.9 billion
- Source of income: Luxottica
- Age: 82
- Country: Italy
His firm develops and supplies glasses, contact lenses and frames.
51. Alexey Mordashov
- Condition: 17.5
- Source of income: Severstal
- Age: 52
- Country Russia
One of the most recognized and quoted businessmen in Russia and abroad.
52. William Ding
- Condition: 17.3 billion
- Source of income: NetEase
- Age: 46
- Country: China
The richest man in the global gaming industry.
53. Dieter Schwartz
- Condition: 17 billion
- Source of income: Chairman
- Age: 78
- Country: Germany
Dieter actively supports projects in the field of children's education and science.
54. Ray Dalio
- Condition: 16.8 billion
- Source of income: Bridgewater Associates
- Age: 68
- Country: USA
Another genius investor. At the age of 12, he bought shares of Northeast Airlines for $ 300, and within a few years his investment had tripled.
55. Karl Icahn
- Condition: 16.6 billion
- Source of income: Investments
- Age: 81
- Country: USA
He started his career as an ordinary stockbroker. Later he became one of the most sought-after financiers in America.
56. Lakshmi Mittal
- Condition: 16.4 billion
- Source of income: Mittal Steel Company N.V.
- Age: 67
- Country: India
In 2008, he was one of the 4 richest people in the world. Does business in the CIS.
57. Vladimir Lisin
- Condition: 16.1 billion
- Source of income: Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant
- Age: 61
- Country Russia
In 2011, he was recognized as the richest Russian businessman.
58. Serge Dassault
- Condition: 16.1 billion
- Source of income: Groupe Dassault
- Age: 92
- Country: France
Mayor of Corbeil-Eson, a southern suburb of Paris
59. Gennady Timchenko
- Condition: 16 billion
- Source of income: Volga Group
- Age: 65
- Country Russia
Specializes in investments in energy and transport infrastructure.
60. Wai Wei
- Condition: 15.9 billion
- Source of income: investing
- Age: 48
- Country: China
He started to earn money as an ordinary taxi driver.
61. Tadashi Yanai
- Condition: 15.9 billion
- Source of income: Uniclo
- Age: 68
- Country: Japan
Owner of Japan's largest casual wear chain.
62. Charoen Sirivadhanabhakdi
- Condition: 15.8 billion
- Source of income: TCC Land
- Age: 73
- Country: Thailand
The beer produced by Charoen's company has become a national symbol.
63. Francois Pinault
- Wealth: 15.7 billion
- Source of income: investments
- Age: 81
- Country: France
One of the richest collectors in the world. His collection is housed in the Venetian palace of Palazzo Grassi.
64. Hinduya family
- Condition: 15 billion
- Source of income: Hinduja Group
- Country: England
The Hinduya company is engaged in the production of cars, military equipment and explosives.
65. David and Ruben Herself
- Condition: 15.3 billion
- Source of income: investments
- Age: 75
- Country: England
In 2007, the brothers were on the 8th line of the Forbes list.
66. Donald Bren
- Condition: 15.2 billion
- Source of income: Irvine Company
- Age: 85
- Country: USA
He made his money in the construction business.
67. Alisher Usmanov
- Condition: 15.2 billion
- Source of income: USM Holdings
- Age: 64
- Country Russia
From 2013 to 2015, he topped the list of the richest people in Russia.
68. Lee Gong Hee
- Condition: 15.1 billion
- Source of income: Samsung
- Age: 76
- Country: South Korea
Chairman of the Samsung concern.
69. Thomas and Raymond Kwok
- Condition: 15 billion
- Source of income: Hong Kong's Sun Hung Kai
- Country: Hong Kong
The most recognizable Hong Kong businessmen.
70. Joseph Lau
- Condition: 15 billion
- Source of Wealth: Chinese Estates Holdings
- Age: 66
- Country: Hong Kong
The largest shareholder of a real estate holding in Hong Kong.
71. Gina Reinhart
- Condition: 15 billion
- Source of income: Hancock Prospecting
- Age: 63
- Country: Australia
Richest man in Australia.
72. Azim Premji
- Condition: 14.9 billion
- Source of income: Wipro Limited
- Age: 72
- Country: India
Engaged in software development in India. He is often referred to as the second Bill Gates.
73. Marcel Hermann Telles
- Condition: 14.8 billion
- Source of income: InBev
- Age: 68
- Country: Brazil
The owner of the largest beer company in the world.
74. Vagit Alekperov
- Condition: 14.5 billion
- Source of income: Lukoil
- Age: 67
- Country Russia
Stable in the top 10 Russian businessmen according to Forbes.
75. Mikhail Fridman
- Condition: 14.4 billion
- Source of income: Alfa-Group
- Age: 53
- Country Russia
Owner of Alfa-Bank.
76. Abigail Johnson
- Condition: 14.4
- Source of earnings: Fidelity Investments
- Age: 56
- Country: USA
He invests and distributes funds to various companies.
77. Pallondji Mistry
- Condition: 14.3 billion
- Source of income: Tata Sons
- Age: 88
- Country: India
Lives in Ireland and is the richest person in this country. A person closed to the press.
78. Vladimir Potanin
- Condition: 14.3 billion
- Source of income: Norilsk Nickel
- Age: 57
- Country Russia
Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the State Hermitage.
79. Wang Venyin
- Condition: 14 billion
- Source of income: Amer International Group's
- Age: 50
- Country: China
Back in 2015, he was # 125 on the Forbes list. He is engaged in the mining business.
80. Elon Musk
- Condition: 13.9 billion
- Source of income: Tesla Motors
- Age: 46
- Country: USA
Founder of PayPal, developer of electric vehicles Tesla Motors, chief engineer of SpaceX.
81. Stefano Pessina
- Condition: 13.9 billion
- Source of money: Alliance Boots plc
- Age: 76
- Country: Italy
Owner of a family-owned pharmaceutical company.
82. Herman Larrea Mota-Velasco
- Condition: 13.8 billion
- Source of income: Grupo México
- Age: 64
- Country: Mexico
Herman Larrea's company is the third in the world in terms of copper production per year.
83. Thomas Peterffy
- Condition: 13.8 billion
- Source of income: Interactive Brokers
- Age: 73
- Country: USA
He played a key role in the creation of the Boston Otions Exchange.
84. Iris Fontbona
- Condition: 13.7 billion
- Source of income: Quinenco
- Age: 75
- Country: Chile
Widow of the Chilean billionaire Andronico Lexico, who died of cancer.
85.Dilip Changvi
- Condition: 13.7 billion
- Source of income: SPIL
- Age: 62
- Country: India
Dilipa is the fifth largest drug manufacturer in India.
86. Dietrich Mateschitz
- Condition: 13.4 billion
- Source of income: Red Bull GmbH
- Age: 73
- Country: Austria
Half of the Red Bull concern owns.
87. Harold Hamm
- Condition: 13.3 billion
- Source of income: Harold Hamm Truck Service,
- Age: 72
- Country: USA
Owns oil companies in America.
88. Robin Lee
- Condition: 13.3 billion
- Source of income: Baidu
- Age: 49
- Country: China
Owns the Chinese search engine Baidu.
89.Andrey Melnichenko
- Condition: 13.2 billion
- Source of income: Siberian Coal Energy Company
- Age: 45
- Country Russia
Owner of the largest mineral fertilizers network in Russia.
90. Rupert Murdoch
- Condition: 13.1 billion
- Source of income: 21st Century Fox.
- Age: 86
- Country: USA
The largest owner of film companies in the world.
91. Heinz Hermann Thiele
- Condition: 13.1 billion
- Source of income: Knorr-Bremse AG
- Age: 76
- Country: Germany
An active philanthropist. Received an award for supporting childhood cancer research and helping developing countries.
92. Stephen Cohen
- Condition: 13 billion
- Source of income: Trading on the stock exchange
- Age: 61
- Country: USA
In America he is called the Supernatural Trader.
93. Patrick Drahi
- Condition: 13 billion
- Source of income: Altice
- Age: 54
- Country: France
Founder of the French news channel i24News.
94. Henry C.
- Condition: 12.77 billion
- Source of income: SM Prime Holdings
- Age: 93
- Country: Philippines
Considered one of the world's most forward-thinking entrepreneurs.
95. Charlene Heineken
- Condition: 12.6 billion
- Source of income: Heineken
- Age: 63
- Country: Netherlands
She is the owner of a controlling stake in Heineken. Included in the list of "Tomorrow of your country".
96. Philip Anschutz
- Condition: 12.5 billion
- Source of income: investments
- Age: 78
- Country: USA
Manages enterprises operating in various areas of industrial activity.
97. Ronald Perelman
- Condition: 12.5 billion
- Source of income: Salomon Brothers
- Age: 91
- Country: USA
Known as the "corporation gobber."
98. Hans Rausing
- Condition: 12.5 billion
- Source of income: Tetra Lavar Groupp
- Age: 75
- Country: Sweden
Sold a stake in his company to his brother for $ 7 billion.
99. Carlos Alberto Sicupira
- Condition: 12.5 billion
- Source of income: AmBev
- Age: 70
- Country: Brazil
Bachelor in Research.
100. Viktor Vekselberg
- State: 12.4
- Source of income: Renova
- Age: 60
- Country Russia
Closes the top 100 richest people in the world according to the Forbes magazine rating.
Top 200 leaders: Leonid Mikhelson ($ 18.4 billion), Alexey Mordashov ($ 17.5 billion), Vladimir Lisin ($ 16.1 billion)
Original of this material© "Russian Forbes", 20.04.2017, Published a rating of 200 richest businessmen in Russia in 2017, illustration: "Russian Forbes"
Elena Berezanskaya
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The second place was taken by the owner of "Severstal" Alexey Mordashov, his fortune is estimated at $ 17.5 billion. Third - the owner of the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant (NLMK) Vladimir Lisin with a fortune estimate of $ 16.1 billion.
The record cost of the "admission ticket"
The combined fortune of the 200 richest businessmen grew by $ 100 billion over the year, to $ 460 billion. The number of dollar billionaires increased from 77 to 96. The cut-off threshold rose to $ 500 million from $ 350 million in Last year... Never before has a Forbes ticket cost so much. To get into the top ten of the rating, a businessman must have a fortune of $ 12.4 billion (a year ago - $ 8.7 billion).There are several fundamental reasons for such a significant increase in the assessment of the wealth of the richest Russians. First of all, from February 12, 2016 to February 17, 2017 (for these dates Forbes took stock quotes to calculate the fortunes of world billionaires), the ruble exchange rate increased by 38% (from 79.11 rubles to 57.15 rubles per dollar). The dollar-based stock market indicator, the RTS Index, gained 67% over the same period. These factors have had a significant impact on the dollar valuation of assets.
Favorable conjuncture
The favorable situation in the commodity markets also contributed to the increase in the fortunes of Russian businessmen. The largest growth was demonstrated by the world steel market. This affected the assessment of the fortunes of businessmen, whose assets are dominated by metallurgical companies. Stocks in this sector grew faster than others - the RTS Metal & Mining Industry Index added 93% over the above period.As a result, metallurgists dominate among the entrepreneurs with the highest growth in their fortunes: the fortune of NLMK owner Vladimir Lisin increased by $ 6.8 billion, Severstal owner Alexei Mordashov - by $ 6.6 billion, Suleiman Kerimov(the basis of his fortune is the shares of the gold mining company "Polyus", formally owned son Said) - by $ 4.7 billion.
The number of businessmen who maximized their fortune in a year also included representatives of the fuel and energy complex and chemical enterprises - the RTS Oil & Gas and RTS Chemicals indices grew by 53% and 51%, respectively. The largest shareholder of the oil company Lukoil Vagit Alekperov added $ 5.6 billion in a year, the owner of Eurochem Andrey Melnichenko- $ 5 billion, and partners in the gas company Novatek and the petrochemical company Sibur Gennady Timchenko and Leonid Mikhelson - $ 4.6 billion and $ 4 billion, respectively.
Read more about which of the richest Russian entrepreneurs gained the most over the past year, and who lost the most, read here.
Due to the rapid growth of shares of metallurgical companies, the owner of ChTPZ returned to the rating Andrey Komarov and the main shareholder of Mechel Igor Zyuzin.
The list, like last year, includes three women: Elena Baturina(included in all Forbes lists since 2004), Elena Rybolovleva(she first became a member of the rating last year after her divorce from her billionaire husband) and the owner of the S7 group of companies Natalia Fileva. Fileva, a newcomer to the rating, replaced Olga Belyavtseva, co-owner of the Progress company (FrutoNyanya baby food) in the “women's team”, she did not have enough $ 50 million to be included in the list this year.
Who left the rating
The most noticeable loss of the new rating is the owner of the Russian Standard Bank and the producer of the vodka of the same name. Rustam Tariko... This year, his estimate of his fortune was below the threshold value by $ 150 million. Tariko has been on all lists since 2004. At its peak in 2007, his fortune was estimated at $ 5.5 billion.Forbes also left the list of the richest Russian entrepreneurs Konstantin Grigorishin(received Ukrainian citizenship in May 2016) and a coal tycoon Alexander Shchukin(he is under investigation for extortion charges).
Original of this material© "Russian Forbes", 20.04.2017
200 richest businessmen in Russia - 2017
| Place | The change positions in a year | Name | State $ m | The change in a year $ m | Age | Number children |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | = | Leonid Mikhelson Gas, petrochemicals | 18400 | +4000 | 61 | 2 |
| 2 | +4 | Alexey Mordashov Ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, tourism | 17500 | +6600 | 51 | 6 |
| 3 | +5 | Vladimir Lisin Metallurgy, transport | 16100 | +6800 | 60 | 3 |
| 4 | +1 | Gennady Timchenko Investments | 16000 | +4600 | 64 | 3 |
| 5 | -2 | Alisher Usmanov Metallurgy, internet, telecommunications | 15200 | +2700 | 63 | |
| 6 | +3 | Vagit Alekperov Oil, investment | 14500 | +5600 | 66 | 1 |
| 7 | -5 | Mikhail Fridman | 14400 | +1100 | 52 | 4 |
| 8 | -4 | Vladimir Potanin Non-ferrous metallurgy | 14300 | +2200 | 56 | 5 |
| 9 | +2 | Andrey Melnichenko Fertilizers, coal | 13200 | +5000 | 45 | 1 |
| 10 | -3 | Victor Vekselberg Aluminum, investment | 12400 | +1900 | 60 | 2 |
| 11 | -1 | Herman Khan Oil, finance, communications, retail | 9300 | +600 | 55 | 4 |
| 12 | +1 | Roman Abramovich Metallurgy, investments | 9100 | +1500 | 50 | 7 |
| 13 | +1 | Mikhail Prokhorov Investments | 8900 | +1300 | 51 | |
| 14 | +9 | Victor Rashnikov Ferrous metallurgy | 8300 | +4500 | 68 | 2 |
| 15 | -3 | Dmitry Rybolovlev Investments | 7300 | -400 | 50 | 2 |
| 16 | -1 | Alexey Kuzmichev Oil, finance, communications, retail | 7200 | +500 | 54 | 1 |
| 17 | +1 | Andrey Skoch Metallurgy, internet, telecommunications, airport | 6900 | +1600 | 51 | 10 |
| 18 | -1 | Sergey Galitsky Retail | 6800 | +1100 | 49 | 1 |
| 19 | +2 | Iskander Makhmudov | 6500 | +2500 | 53 | 1 |
| 20 | -4 | Mikhail Gutseriev Oil, coal, real estate, finance | 6300 | +400 | 59 | 2 |
| 21 | +24 | Suleiman Kerimov Investments | 6300 | +4700 | 51 | 3 |
| 22 | = | Leonid Fedun Oil, finance | 6300 | +2400 | 61 | 2 |
| 23 | +18 | Oleg Deripaska Metallurgy, energy, finance, airports, car industry | 5100 | +3000 | 49 | 2 |
| 24 | -5 | Petr Aven Oil, finance, communications | 4600 | = | 62 | 2 |
| 25 | -1 | Alexander Abramov Ferrous metallurgy | 4500 | +900 | 58 | 3 |
| 26 | -1 | Andrey Guryev Mineral fertilizers, agriculture | 4500 | +900 | 57 | 2 |
| 27 | -7 | Sergey Popov Investments | 4500 | = | 45 | 2 |
| 28 | +8 | Andrey Kozitsyn Non-ferrous metallurgy, coal, transport | 4300 | +1900 | 56 | 1 |
| 29 | = | Dmitry Kamenshchik The airport | 3600 | +700 | 48 | 5 |
| 30 | +4 | Vladimir Evtushenkov Connection | 3500 | +1100 | 68 | 2 |
| 31 | +1 | Yuri Milner Investments | 3500 | +700 | 55 | 3 |
| 32 | -4 | Samvel Karapetyan Development, trade | 3400 | +300 | 51 | 3 |
| 33 | -2 | Alexander Svetakov Finance, development | 3300 | +400 | 49 | 4 |
| 34 | -8 | Zarakh Iliev The property | 3100 | -100 | 50 | 2 |
| 35 | -2 | Vyacheslav Kantor Mineral fertilizers, real estate | 3100 | +600 | 63 | 5 |
| 36 | -9 | Year of Nisans The property | 3100 | -100 | 44 | 4 |
| 37 | +2 | Alexander Ponomarenko Real estate, airport | 3000 | +700 | 52 | 3 |
| 38 | +2 | Alexander Skorobogatko Real estate, airport | 3000 | +700 | 49 | 3 |
| 39 | +36 | Arkady Rotenberg Bank, infrastructure construction, airport, mineral fertilizers | 2600 | +1600 | 65 | 5 |
| 40 | -3 | Alexander Mamut Investments | 2500 | +100 | 57 | 5 |
| 41 | -6 | Igor Kesaev Trade, real estate | 2400 | = | 50 | 3 |
| 42 | -12 | Alexander Nesis Metallurgy, mechanical engineering, real estate | 2400 | -500 | 54 | 4 |
| 43 | -5 | Vadim Moshkovich Agriculture | 2300 | = | 50 | 3 |
| 44 | +2 | Mikail Shishkhanov Finance, oil, real estate | 2300 | +700 | 44 | 4 |
| 45 | +52 | Nikolay Buinov Oil | 2200 | +1350 | 49 | 2 |
| 46 | -4 | Igor Makarov Investments | 2100 | = | 55 | 2 |
| 47 | +3 | Igor Altushkin Metallurgy | 2000 | +600 | 46 | 6 |
| 48 | +6 | Danil Khachaturov Insurance, real estate | 2000 | +600 | 45 | 5 |
| 49 | -5 | Vladimir Bogdanov Oil | 1900 | +200 | 65 | 1 |
| 50 | -1 | Alexander Frolov Ferrous metallurgy | 1800 | +300 | 52 | 1 |
| 51 | +4 | Araz Agalarov Real estate, trade | 1700 | +500 | 61 | 2 |
| 52 | +27 | Andrey Bokarev Metallurgy, mechanical engineering, coal, transport | 1700 | +750 | 50 | 1 |
| 53 | +19 | Valentin Gapontsev Industrial lasers | 1600 | +600 | 78 | 1 |
| 54 | -6 | Sait-Salam Gutseriev Oil, real estate | 1600 | +100 | 57 | 5 |
| 55 | +60 | Roman Trotsenko Transport, real estate | 1600 | +850 | 46 | 2 |
| 56 | -13 | Yuri Shefler Alcohol | 1600 | -300 | 49 | 4 |
| 57 | +33 | Sergey Gordeev Development | 1500 | +600 | 44 | |
| 58 | +12 | Alexey Ananiev Finance, IT, real estate | 1400 | +400 | 52 | 3 |
| 59 | +12 | Dmitry Ananiev Finance, IT, real estate | 1400 | +400 | 48 | 5 |
| 60 | -4 | Vasily Anisimov Development, land | 1400 | +200 | 65 | 4 |
| 61 | -9 | Petr Kondrashev Investments | 1400 | = | 67 | 2 |
| 62 | -9 | Anatoly Lomakin Investments | 1400 | = | 64 | 2 |
| 63 | +30 | Ziyavudin Magomedov Ports, gas, grain trade | 1400 | +500 | 48 | 3 |
| 64 | +9 | Dmitry Pumpyansky Metallurgy, mechanical engineering | 1400 | +400 | 53 | 1 |
| 65 | +9 | Megdet Rakhimkulov Investments | 1400 | +400 | 71 | 2 |
| 66 | +3 | Roman Avdeev Finance, real estate, investments | 1300 | +300 | 49 | 23 |
| 67 | -16 | Farhad Akhmedov Investments | 1300 | -100 | 61 | 4 |
| 68 | -21 | Filaret Galchev Cement | 1300 | -200 | 53 | 2 |
| 69 | -10 | Alexander Japaridze Drilling of the wells | 1300 | +100 | 61 | 5 |
| 70 | -4 | Evgeny Kaspersky IT | 1300 | +200 | 51 | 4 |
| 71 | +49 | Alexander Klyachin The property | 1300 | +600 | 49 | 2 |
| 72 | -10 | Boris Mints Finance, real estate | 1300 | +100 | 58 | 4 |
| 73 | +49 | Andrey Molchanov Development, construction | 1300 | +600 | 45 | 6 |
| 74 | -10 | Kirill Shamalov Petrochemistry | 1300 | +100 | 35 | |
| 75 | -17 | Oleg Boyko Real estate, finance, gambling | 1200 | = | 52 | |
| 76 | -16 | Lev Kvetnoy Cement, bank | 1200 | = | 51 | 2 |
| 77 | -16 | Andrey Kosogov Oil, finance, communications | 1200 | = | 56 | 2 |
| 78 | +9 | Leonid Simanovsky Gas | 1200 | +250 | 67 | 1 |
| 79 | +90 | Oleg Tinkov Bank | 1200 | +700 | 49 | 3 |
| 80 | -17 | Gleb Fetisov Investments | 1200 | = | 50 | 3 |
| 81 | -4 | Victor Kharitonin Pharmaceuticals, real estate | 1200 | +200 | 44 | 2 |
| 82 | -14 | Gavril Yushvaev Investments | 1200 | +100 | 59 | 7 |
| 83 | +117 | Vadim Yakunin Pharmaceuticals | 1200 | +850 | 54 | 3 |
| 84 | -27 | Leonid Boguslavsky Investments | 1100 | -100 | 65 | 3 |
| 85 | +33 | Arkady Volozh Internet | 1100 | +400 | 53 | 3 |
| 86 | -3 | Sergey Katsiev Trade, real estate | 1100 | +150 | 59 | 2 |
| 87 | -20 | Andrey Rappoport Investments | 1100 | = | 53 | 2 |
| 88 | +38 | Ayrat Shaimiev | 1100 | +400 | 55 | 1 |
| 89 | +38 | Radik Shaimiev Oil refining, chemical industry | 1100 | +400 | 52 | 2 |
| 90 | -25 | Elena Baturina Investments | 1000 | -100 | 54 | 2 |
| 91 | -13 | Alexey Bogachev | 1000 | +50 | 46 | 2 |
| 92 | +12 | Yuri Gushchin Confectionery industry, real estate | 1000 | +200 | 72 | 1 |
| 93 | +69 | Yuri Kovalchuk Finance, media, telecommunications | 1000 | +500 | 65 | 1 |
| 94 | -18 | Boris Rotenberg Bank, investment | 1000 | = | 60 | 4 |
| 95 | +36 | Rustem Sulteev Oil refining, chemical industry | 1000 | +350 | 63 | 2 |
| 96 | +36 | Albert Shigabutdinov Oil refining, chemical industry | 1000 | +350 | 64 | 2 |
| 97 | +48 | Dmitry Bosov Mining of coal and gas | 950 | +400 | 49 | 4 |
| 98 | -18 | Viacheslav Bresht Investments | 950 | = | 63 | 1 |
| 99 | -18 | Ruben Vardanyan Investments | 950 | = | 48 | 4 |
| 100 | +35 | Pavel Durov Internet | 950 | +350 | 32 | 2 |
| 101 | +37 | Vladimir Kogan Oil, finance | 950 | +350 | 53 | 4 |
| 102 | -10 | Vladimir Leshchikov The property | 950 | +50 | 60 | 6 |
| 103 | -18 | Vyacheslav Mirilashvili Investments | 950 | = | 33 | 2 |
| 104 | -5 | Nikita Mishin | 950 | +100 | 45 | 3 |
| 105 | -5 | Konstantin Nikolaev Rail transport, port | 950 | +100 | 46 | 5 |
| 106 | +7 | Sergey Petrov Car trade | 950 | +200 | 62 | 2 |
| 107 | -19 | Anatoly Skurov Investments | 950 | = | 64 | 2 |
| 108 | -14 | Konstantin Strukov Gold mining, coal | 950 | +50 | 58 | 2 |
| 109 | -7 | Andrey Filatov Rail transport, port | 950 | +100 | 45 | 3 |
| 110 | -15 | Alexey Khotin Real estate, oil | 950 | +50 | 42 | |
| 111 | new | Ilya Scherbovich Investments | 950 | new | 42 | 2 |
| 112 | -23 | Ruslan Baysarov Investments | 900 | = | 48 | 5 |
| 113 | new | Andrey Baronov Software | 900 | new | 51 | |
| 114 | +60 | Sergey Kolesnikov Building materials production | 900 | +450 | 45 | 4 |
| 115 | +48 | Igor Kudryashkin Non-ferrous metallurgy, coal, transport | 900 | +400 | 55 | 1 |
| 116 | new | Alexey Repik Pharmaceuticals | 900 | new | 37 | 2 |
| 117 | +64 | Igor Rybakov Building materials production | 900 | +450 | 44 | 4 |
| 118 | new | Ratmir Timashev Software | 900 | new | 50 | 3 |
| 119 | +52 | Eduard Chukhlebov Non-ferrous metallurgy, coal, transport | 900 | +400 | 54 | |
| 120 | -24 | David Yakobashvili Oil trading, real estate | 900 | = | 60 | 1 |
| 121 | -30 | Anatoly Karachinsky IT | 850 | -50 | 57 | 2 |
| 122 | +55 | Vladimir Litvinenko Mineral fertilizers | 850 | +400 | 61 | 1 |
| 123 | -18 | Albert Avdolyan Investments | 800 | +50 | 46 | 4 |
| 124 | -18 | Sergey Adonyev Investments | 800 | +50 | 56 | 5 |
| 125 | -8 | Grigory Berezkin Power industry, media | 800 | +100 | 50 | 4 |
| 126 | -23 | Andrey Borodin Investments | 800 | = | 49 | 3 |
| 127 | -8 | George Gens IT, retail | 800 | +100 | 62 | 2 |
| 128 | new | Andrey Komarov Metallurgy | 800 | new | 50 | 5 |
| 129 | -31 | Andrey Kuzyaev Communications, oilfield services, real estate | 800 | -50 | 51 | 3 |
| 130 | new | Leonid Lebedev Oil, electricity | 800 | new | 60 | 1 |
| 131 | -1 | Alexander Lutsenko Agriculture | 800 | +150 | 55 | 2 |
| 132 | new | Kirill Minovalov Finance, agriculture | 800 | new | 45 | 2 |
| 133 | new | Vitaly Orlov Fishing | 800 | new | 51 | |
| 134 | -33 | Alexander Tynkovan Retail | 800 | -50 | 49 | 2 |
| 135 | +12 | Vladimir Gruzdev Investments, real estate | 750 | +200 | 50 | 4 |
| 136 | -27 | Alexander Linnik Agriculture | 750 | = | 49 | 1 |
| 137 | -27 | Victor Linnik Agriculture | 750 | = | 49 | 1 |
| 138 | -54 | Nikolay Maximov Investments | 750 | -200 | 59 | 3 |
| 139 | -27 | Nikolay Olshansky Investments | 750 | = | 77 | |
| 140 | -17 | Andrey Rogachev Trade | 750 | +50 | 53 | 2 |
| 141 | new | Igor Antoshin Mineral fertilizers | 700 | new | 53 | |
| 142 | -35 | Boris Zingarevich Wood processing | 700 | -50 | 57 | 2 |
| 143 | -32 | Vitaly Malkin Investments | 700 | -50 | 64 | 3 |
| 144 | +21 | Vitaly Maschitsky Non-ferrous metallurgy, real estate | 700 | +200 | 63 | 6 |
| 145 | +47 | Igor Rotenberg Drilling, real estate | 700 | +300 | 43 | 3 |
| 146 | -22 | Nikolay Sarkisov Insurance, real estate | 700 | = | 48 | 5 |
| 147 | -22 | Sergey Sarkisov Insurance, real estate | 700 | = | 57 | 5 |
| 148 | -34 | Zakhar Smushkin Timber processing, real estate | 700 | -50 | 55 | 1 |
| 149 | -16 | Mikhail Abyzov Electricity, construction | 650 | +50 | 44 | 3 |
| 150 | -22 | Oleg Burlakov Investments | 650 | = | 67 | |
| 151 | -22 | David Davidovich Investments | 650 | = | 57 | 2 |
| 152 | new | Igor Zyuzin Ferrous metallurgy | 650 | new | 56 | 2 |
| 153 | -16 | Sergey Kislov Agriculture, oil refining | 650 | +50 | 56 | 3 |
| 154 | new | Igor Khudokormov Agriculture | 650 | new | 48 | 2 |
| 155 | -39 | Igor Yakovlev Retail | 650 | -100 | 51 | 1 |
| 156 | -1 | Denis Bazhaev Precious metals | 600 | +100 | 21 | |
| 157 | -1 | Musa Bazhaev Precious metals | 600 | +100 | 50 | 4 |
| 158 | +31 | Vladimir Gridin | 600 | +200 | 61 | 4 |
| 159 | +31 | Vladimir Zotov Agriculture | 600 | +200 | 63 | 1 |
| 160 | new | Alexey Isaykin Transport | 600 | new | 64 | 3 |
| 161 | new | Mark Kurtser The medicine | 600 | new | 59 | 4 |
| 162 | -23 | Oleg Leonov Investments | 600 | = | 47 | 2 |
| 163 | -12 | Sergey Makhlai Fertilizers | 600 | +50 | 48 | 2 |
| 164 | +14 | Vladimir Melnikov Retail | 600 | +150 | 69 | 2 |
| 165 | -24 | Mikhail Nikolaev Investments | 600 | = | 58 | 4 |
| 166 | = | Alexander Putilov Drilling of the wells | 600 | +100 | 64 | 2 |
| 167 | +13 | Victor Remsha Internet | 600 | +150 | 46 | 5 |
| 168 | -26 | Elena Rybolovleva Investments | 600 | = | 50 | 2 |
| 169 | -2 | Dmitry Strezhnev Mineral fertilizers | 600 | +100 | 49 | 2 |
| 170 | new | Mikhail Fedyaev Coal, chemical production | 600 | new | 54 | 2 |
| 171 | new | Natalia Fileva Aviation | 600 | new | 53 | |
| 172 | -2 | Mikhail Khodorkovsky The property | 600 | +100 | 53 | 4 |
| 173 | -29 | Nikolay Bortsov Investments | 550 | = | 71 | |
| 174 | +12 | Alexander Vagin Ferrous metallurgy | 550 | +150 | 58 | 2 |
| 175 | -29 | Alexander Girda Retail | 550 | = | 56 | |
| 176 | -28 | Andrey Dobrov Investments | 550 | = | 54 | 3 |
| 177 | new | Vyacheslav Zarenkov Development, construction | 550 | new | 66 | 1 |
| 178 | +13 | Gennady Kozovoy Ferrous metallurgy | 550 | +150 | 66 | 2 |
| 179 | -30 | Peter Kolbin Investments | 550 | = | 65 | |
| 180 | -30 | Dmitry Korzhev | 550 | = | 52 | 1 |
| 181 | -60 | Dmitry Kostygin Retail | 550 | -150 | 44 | 4 |
| 182 | new | August Meyer Retail | 550 | new | 54 | |
| 183 | +10 | Sergey Studennikov Retail | 550 | +150 | 50 | |
| 184 | -31 | Dmitry Troitsky Retail, mining | 550 | = | 52 | 2 |
| 185 | -31 | Andrey Andreev Internet | 500 | = | 43 | |
| 186 | -29 | Mikhail Brudno The property | 500 | = | 57 | 2 |
| 187 | new | Boris Volchek Retail, real estate | 500 | new | 50 | 2 |
| 188 | -29 | Vladimir Dubov The property | 500 | = | 59 | 2 |
| 189 | new | Alexander Dyukov Petrochemistry | 500 | new | 49 | 2 |
| 190 | +9 | Evgeny Zubitsky Ferrous metallurgy | 500 | +150 | 49 | 2 |
| 191 | -31 | Arsen Kanokov Construction markets, real estate | 500 | = | 60 | 3 |
| 192 | new | Leonid Konobeev Pharmaceuticals | 500 | new | 55 | |
| 193 | new | Dmitry Konov Petrochemistry | 500 | new | 46 | |
| 194 | -19 | Egor Kulkov Pharmaceuticals, real estate | 500 | +50 | 45 | |
| 195 | -19 | Mikhail Kusnirovich Retail, real estate | 500 | +50 | 50 | 2 |
| 196 | -32 | Platon Lebedev The property | 500 | = | 60 | 4 |
| 197 | new | Alexander Orlov Agriculture | 500 | new | 56 | 1 |
| 198 | new | Ivan Streshinsky | 500 | new | 47 | 5 |
| 199 | -5 | Ivan Tavrin Metallurgy, telecommunications, internet | 500 | +100 | 40 | |
| 200 | new | Mikhail Shelkov Metallurgy | 500 | new | 48 |
Jaromir Romanov
Forbes magazine has published the 15th updated rating of the 200 richest businessmen in Russia, whose total fortune is estimated at $ 485 billion.
The first line of the rating for the fourth time is occupied by the chairman of the board of directors of the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant Vladimir Lisin ($ 19.1 billion), the second place went to the owner of Severstal Alexey Mordashov ($ 18.7 billion), the third position is taken by the chairman of the board of PJSC “ Novatek ”Leonid Mikhelson ($ 18 billion).
The top ten also includes the president of NK Lukoil Vagit Alekperov ($ 16.4 billion), member of the board of directors of Novatek and Sibur Gennady Timchenko ($ 16.1 billion), president of the Interros holding Vladimir Potanin (15, $ 9 billion), Chairman of the EuroChem Strategy Committee Andrey Melnichenko ($ 15.5 billion), Mikhail Fridman, co-owner of LetterOne Holdings and Alfa Group ($ 15.1 billion), and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Renova Group Viktor Vekselberg ($ 14.4 billion) and the main shareholder of USM Yjldings Alisher Usmanov ($ 12.5 billion).
Interestingly, only four women were included in the list of the richest people in the country. The highest line of the rating among the fair sex, 79th place, was taken by the wife of the ex-mayor of Moscow Yuri Luzhkov Elena Baturina, whose fortune is estimated at $ 1.2 billion.
Also among the richest businessmen in Russia was Pavel Durov, the founder of Telegram, against whom Roskomnadzor launched a war, trying to block the messenger for refusing to comply with the FSB order to provide the department with keys from user correspondence. According to Forbes, Pavel Durov owns $ 1.7 billion and is ranked 58th in the ranking. Note that over the past year, Durov doubled his capital - in 2017 he was in 100th place in Forbes, and his fortune was estimated at $ 980 million.
The youngest businessman of the 200 richest was 22-year-old Deni Bazhaev, the heir to the founder of the Alliance Group, Ziya Bazhaev, who died in the Yak-400 plane crash in 2000. The young man owns $ 600 million as of 2018.
The list of the richest businessmen in Russia also includes the founder of KVD Group, Denis Shtengelov ($ 600 million), who co-owns the infamous Zimnyaya Vishnya shopping center, where 64 people, including 41 children, died in a fire in March 2018.
Forbes notes that, despite the market stagnation and the expectation of new Western sanctions, 2017 was a good year for most businessmen: the combined fortune of the 200 richest entrepreneurs grew by $ 25 billion, and the number of billionaires increased from 96 to 106. The cut-off threshold remained the same - 500 million dollars, and the entrance ticket to the top ten went up to 12.5 billion dollars (in 2017 - 12.4 billion dollars).
How to efficiently manage an enterprise?
According to statistics, 3-4 out of 5 newly created enterprises fail during the first two years of operation. The formal moment of registering an enterprise, which many are afraid of and therefore often delay it for many months, is not the most critical and difficult to overcome. Subsequent actions are often much more difficult - regular and consistent development of their own business.
What are the results of the short operating life and volatility of start-ups? The economic crisis, strong competition, collapse of demand are just some of the possible reasons for the collapse. However, sometimes the quality of management is the main problem.
The business management process can be viewed at many different levels - analyzing it depending on the size of the enterprise, the theoretical model on which it is based, or the area to which it belongs (financial management, sales management, personnel management, business reputation management, and others). Let's take a closer look at the management of microenterprises in which employees may or may not work.
Controlenterprise is a set of activities (including planning and decision-making, organization, leadership, that is, people management and control) aimed at the resources of the organization (human, financial, material and informative) and carried out in order to effectively and efficiently achieve the goals of the organization.
Management can determine all the processes and actions taken to support the company's operations in order to most effectively achieve its goals. In the entire process of enterprise management, four main types of activity can be distinguished:
- Planning includes a number of activities related to setting company goals - both short-term and long-term. In addition to setting goals, planning also determines the best ways to achieve them. This means that when planning, for example, an increase in the company's revenues by 20% annually, we must also consider how we want to achieve this increase: winning new customers or selling new products or services to existing customers, or perhaps increasing prices?
- Organization means a grouping of activities and resources that should result in the achievement of planned goals. Therefore, we are talking about translating strategies created at the planning stage into specific activities assigned to specific individuals with specific resources. When planning to increase revenues by 20% by attracting new customers, during the organization stage, we must, for example, indicate new monthly sales plans, the number of recipients acquired, new sales patterns or vehicles for employees, which will make it easier to find new customers.
- Leadership is the process of managing people that will motivate and encourage them to increase their productivity and perform better for the organization. Otherwise, it is a set of processes that should encourage its members to collaborate in the best interest of the company. Attracting new customers and increasing revenue by 20% cannot be achieved without motivated employees from their boss.
- Controlling means monitoring the progress and emerging barriers in the organization in achieving the planned goals. It is the process of constantly monitoring the current situation and analyzing how it affects the achievement of the desired results. When planning a 20% increase in revenue, control will concern, for example, assessing the extent to which this increase has been achieved, what are the results of the traders' work and what type of risk may lead to the goal being missed.
Business book on Scrum project management methodology from its creator
Prosto can hardly overestimate the popularity of the Scrum methodology for improving the quality of teamwork. For example, Wikipedia has a large article about it in more than 30 languages, as well as articles on specific terms of this system, such as a burnout diagram or scheduling poker. Of course, the book by Scrum founder and developer Jeff Sutherland on this technique is in demand for clarifying the rules of the system and understanding the options for their application.
The first and main observation - if in the Wikipedia article Scrum is called one of the agile methods (flexible methods) of developing large software projects, then Sutherland himself looks at his methodology much more broadly. For him, this is the philosophy of any work, the practical psychology of happy work - and he boldly calls one of the chapters of the book "Change the world", and one of the subsections - "How we will work one day." He also gives examples of the successful application of his system in areas far from softmaking - for apartment renovation, school, for poverty alleviation in Africa.
It is good that with such a preached totality of his approach, he firmly refrains from slipping into sectarianism, into the creation of a cult. And he himself illustrates this retention with a concept from the world of Japanese martial arts "shu ha ri" (three-part development scheme: "shu" - simple adherence to the rules, "ha" - creating your own style within the framework of the rules, "ri" - getting rid of the rules, in including the creation of new ideas and schemes).
He writes, “Scrum has rules and you should learn first and then get rid of them. I really hope that if you are passionate about the idea of Scrum, you will begin to apply this method not only at work, but also in your daily life. However, the paradox is that Scrum rules remove all constraints and give you complete freedom of action. True, for many, freedom can be worse than boring work. "
In fairness, we add that these pretentious words about freedom in relation to Scrum are as specifically related to reality as the concept of "freedom" with all life in the United States - in which they talk about the maximum degree of their freedom all the time, but in which in fact totality and the number of rules and patterns of life is much greater than in Western Europe, not to mention Eastern. As a true American, Sutherland means freedom of human action, not noticing that the thinking of this acting person is not entirely free - it is limited by a number of "immutable laws" - for example, the Scrum technique is of little use for non-team players. That is, in fact, in the "su ha ri" scheme, the author just does not attain the wisdom of the "ri" stage, he only dreams of it, wholly remaining a master of the "ha" stage. However, this is not important for successful implementation in teamwork of the Scrum methodology.
Japanese and East Asian motives in general appear in Sutherland's book for a reason. It's not even that the idea to compare the brainstorming of software developers with the term scrum from the rugby game ("crush", "scrum" of the team over the ball) first came to the mind of a Japanese business guru thirty years ago - and Sutherland developed this Japanese idea in a coherent technique a decade later.
The fact is that the author is a Vietnam War veteran, where he served as a pilot in the US Air Force and had more than a hundred combat missions (he wrote this book at the age of 70, in 2016 he turns 75) - and since then for half a century he has been very closely interested in East Asia, first of all, of course, China, Japan, the local martial arts and their philosophy.
And these facts - military education with front-line experience, passion for China and Japan - clearly played a major role in the development of the Scrum system by Sutherland, and seriously affected the nature of its presentation in the book. It happens so: whoever he bombed was subdued in his soul (although the Vietnamese, of course, are not like the Chinese and Japanese, but closer to them than the Americans); I was demobilized after the war, but the army remained in my head.
It is the Japanese who are known for their working team spirit and passion for daily mini-meetings before starting any work (in the form of department employees standing around the head setting the tasks). And this is not much different from the sprint system - setting tasks and time intervals for them - in the Scrum methodology.
The author considers the very execution of tasks by the team undoubtedly from the point of view of the army. And not the infantry-officer (where each officer has many subordinates and a complex hierarchy), but just the military-air, bomber-fighter - where each aircraft commander always has a briefly defined private goal, subordinated to a common task. Without noticing that, Sutherland sees in every performer of the work precisely the squadron pilot - and the pathos of his system of short completed fragments of work and meetings devoted to them, I am sure, subconsciously based on the fact that the squadron should be supplied a separate task for each flight(common to everyone and private to everyone flying out on a mission) and exact lead time, even if there are several departures in one day.
Another of Sutherland's important ideas is to set long-term large tasks only to “officers” - the project manager and “product owners” (as he called those responsible for each stage of the project - by the way, the stages in this methodology should always be more or less presentable finished products). He strictly requires all other developers and performers to give tasks only very short in volume and time - and not to give several of them: one to each. In other words, "let the headquarters think about the strategy, and you have such and such a sector of shelling this week."
However, the narrowness of specialization and division of labor are immediately prohibited: those who have completed their task ahead of schedule immediately mutually pick up tasks within the team (the main thing is that the whole team meets the deadline), and do not expect colleagues to complete tasks, as builders and repairmen all over the world like to do. ... So, in daily meetings, every Scrum adept should write, in particular, "what I did today so that the team completed the sprint on time and efficiently." And this, too, is a clear cultivation of the feeling of “on a sortie”: you have to shoot at the enemy pursuing the plane of your squadron colleague, no matter how many other enemy planes you have already knocked out; all colleagues must complete the task and return to base on time.
By the way, Sutherland's time is anxious - just like the commander of a small plane with small fuel tanks, which will simply collapse with an increase in flight time. One of the nine chapters of the book is called “Time”. And in fact, the success of the Scrum system, thanks to which it has become so popular in many companies, is connected precisely with a sharp decrease in the time spent by the team on large projects - despite the fact that the amount of daily work for employees is not increasing, but decreasing.
By the way, Sutherland directly states that 35 hours a week (if every weekday is seven hours a day) is the maximum volume of workload, more than which to work is a serious harm to both the business and the person.
Finally, there is an aspect in the Scrum methodology that is not at all of an army - but clearly of Far Eastern Asian origin: it seems, this time it is Chinese. This is the so-called "index of happiness" - the author famously figured out the problem of motivation to work: he invited each employee at daily meetings to put down in points the degree of positive emotions when performing a task or stage. At the same time, it is emphasized that we are not talking about a feeling of satisfaction from a good completion of the work, not about a brief emotion of victory and success - but about a lasting, continuous-emotion of pleasure to do just that, just like that, right here.
Such points, according to Sutherland, will not only allow the "officers" of the project to react more quickly if the performers do not like something in the course of the work - but will also have a reverse influence-suggestion on the scorers themselves. That is, something like this is supposed to be a story: she or he the whole the work vaguely disliked, but because of the need to score points for his "happiness index" from work, she or he thought hard - and suddenly realized that this work was not good only this and that, and everything else is very wonderful, and therefore, it is enough to eliminate this and that in order to feel positive emotions from work (partly by self-hypnosis). “If you are surrounded by only assholes, do not look for the reason in them, look for it in bad systems that encourage such behavior,” the author sarcastically and somewhat in a soldier's way.
In general, the rules and schemes of the Scrum system in the book are a lot. However, in the end, it is worth warning the reader that Sutherland's text is poorly structured, somewhat watery; you have to wade through it with an effort with thought (perhaps the reason is the age of the author and the natural tendency to memoir), in general, the book does not belong to the masterpieces from the literary point of view. Nevertheless, the facts, schemes, approaches of the Scrum system are not difficult to understand from the book of its author - and there are no other books about it yet.
6 signs your business is suffering from your perfectionism
If you are a boss and require thoroughness from subordinates; if you are a subordinate and require thoroughness from yourself, this is not always good. There is a line after which finishing the results of labor begins to take an inordinate amount of time and, most importantly, the nerves of performers and customers. Check if you have gone beyond this line in your business, suggests Chicago entrepreneur Louise Zhou, translates the site
The desire to bring everything to maximum perfection often turns into obsessive mania, which is very difficult to fight with the arguments of reason. After all, the mind is sure that “perfect” cannot be “bad” and “harmful”. It is difficult for a perfectionist to understand that improvement must have a limit.
This syndrome arises due to the mental isolation of labor (or the result of labor) from everything around it: the time spent, the effort spent, the capabilities and emotions of the performer and the customer. The perfectionist sees the object - his work - as separate from himself or a subordinate. Unfortunately, this is the wrong, disastrous, destructive type of worldview - in particular, leading to the "paralysis" of business.
In fact, everything in the world is interconnected. The result of labor is inseparable from the strength, mood, time of the worker and also from the mass of parameters. The end not only "does not justify the means." Any goal and means of achieving it always constitute a single whole.
Agree that a masterpiece created at the cost of the death of the author will evoke bad emotions, no matter how it looks. And you must admit that cutting the blades of grass with a ruler and scissors is a textbook image of labor madness.
Hence the conclusion: in business, light imperfections, combined with the speed and good mood of the contractor and the customer, are a thousand times better than the ideal absence of imperfections, but achieved at the cost of less efficiency, chagrin and devastation of you, your colleagues and clients of your business.
Sign 1. I have to constantly insist, fight misunderstanding
There are phrases of this type:
- “We cannot move on - I have not yet figured out all the small nuances”;
- "This design is ugly - we will not promote such a site";
- “Yes, I spent five hours trying to find this color!”.
A familiar phrase type? Then your business is in trouble. Working on an all-or-nothing basis can ruin any business and any relationship between people. Ditch the overestimated requirements: there are millions of times less perfectionists than ordinary citizens who calmly accept minor flaws. Therefore, you have very little chance of finding another perfectionist among your customers or subordinates.
Know: for any non-perfectionist worker and non-perfectionist customer, it is better to do faster and medium-good - the better, but longer. And it is better to do medium-good with a good mood - the better the quality, but with chagrin.
Even if you think these statements are wrong, remember that most people around you think they are true. And the opinion of the majority in a democratic environment should not be completely ignored. Therefore, proceed from the fact that a slightly lower quality of the product is suitable for almost everyone around.
Attribute 2. I postpone important scheduled business events when I'm less than 90% ready for them
I worked non-stop for two years as a co-founder of an emerging mobile payments service. All this time, we have been increasing the volume of fundraising, and with these funds we have been constantly improving the design and usability of the product in order to make it the best of the best. We constantly announced the postponement of the launch: it seemed that the final two years was not a long time.
But alas, during this time we were overtaken by startups-competitors who did not polish the product before launching as carefully as we did. They are firmly entrenched in our niche. Our withdrawn final product turned out to be irrelevant and secondary. My startup went bust.
It seems to me alone that this is a convincing example in favor of immediately removing a little unpolished versions?
If you feel like you might be in my shoes in this example, check out Minimum viable product (wikipedia: Minimum viable product). And bring to the market just such products, beta versions. Do all the debugging later. By the way, the first users will find more punctures than you and your colleagues will find before the launch, because your project has long become familiar to your employees.
To learn to ride a bike, you don't have to prepare for it, but try to ride right away. Or, as the Chinese proverb says, "When you make bells, you won't know how they will sound from the bell tower until you hang them there."
If you are afraid to launch a minimum viable product, at the development stage, imagine yourself as a representative of your target audience in a more artistic way. And ask yourself as such a representative: which of the shortcomings of this project can you accept, and which - not?
And then ask everyone you can, even through social networks and forums: what do people expect from a product or service like the one you are working on? What temporary shortcomings would they accept, and what not? Then, once you've learned what's important, focus on postponing any other shortcomings until the "post-launch" era.
Symptom 3. I experience business failure as a personal grievance, as an accusation of the poor state of my personality
It happens that you refuse to sell your product under certain conditions: when you are afraid to hear "no"? It happens that you dreamed that your business collapsed - and this is an insignificant phenomenon for a person, you experience a nightmare in a dream and wake up in a cold sweat?
If you said yes, start learning to accept rejection calmly. This is generally a very important skill for life.
Saying "no" to your product is not a reason for anger, but for joy: a new experience has been obtained, with the help of which the next attempt should be more successful. Remember: every fall from your bike nevertheless brought closer your ability to keep balance on it without falling.
Know that each no increases the yes you will get from the experience you gain with no.
Sign 4. I myself manage all areas of my business, otherwise he will be in trouble
Holding a complex ramified process in one hand and manually turning it with one will of your own, wherever it seems necessary, is good for a hobby and for creating works of art. But not for business.
Business is the process of meeting the needs of a large number of people. And all people are so different that the collective mind is better at satisfying the masses than the single mind.
Sign 5. I believe that doing business is the only possible way of life
Do you think you have to work day and night to make your business successful? Do you often put off sleeping, eating, or socializing to complete a project?
Well, burning yourself at work is effective as an escape from yourself, from personal searches and problems, to fill the inner vacuum that you have discovered and frightened you. But maybe, after all, the pyramid of life values is not crowned with labor enthusiasm and a million in the account? And maybe the expression "living life to the fullest" means something other than "spending big money beautifully"? So, it is necessary to fill the spiritual vacuum, to solve personal problems in other areas that are more related to personal life?
There is a reason for reflection in the field of ethics and even religion. But the general conclusion is the same for everyone: taking care of good rest and a full-fledged personal life will pay off many times in your business.
Unless, on the other hand, while relaxing, do not forget that your competitors can use your vacation to "overtake" your business.
Sign 6. If I want something to be done correctly, I must do it myself
Have you invested in a big internet project and set out to run it, and then spent the day yourself looking for the perfect typeface for it? Are you familiar with this type of situation? Guess that a professional designer should have taken care of the font selection?
In fact, dynamic business is the art of delegating authority. Developing and scaling a business by doing all the leading processes alone is an approach that will sooner or later cause bad thoughts about you in those around you. This is so, since all sane people, first of all, are looking for team members who have or can acquire high professionalism in one or two areas, which they are entrusted with.
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