The landscapes of A. S. Pushkin are not only images of nature embodied in artistic form, but also a tool for conveying one’s own experiences. The poem described in the article is studied in 4th grade. We invite you to familiarize yourself with brief analysis"Winter road" according to plan.
Brief Analysis
History of creation– the work was written in 1826, first appeared in print in the magazine “Moskovsky Vestnik” for 1828.
Theme of the poem- the sad charm of winter nature and “heartfelt melancholy.”
Composition– According to the meaning, the poem is divided into two parts: a winter landscape and an appeal to Nina. The poem consists of seven quatrains.
Genre- elegy.
Poetic size– tetrameter trochee, cross rhyme ABAB.
Metaphors – “the moon makes its way into the sad meadows”, “midnight will not separate us”, “the moon’s face is foggy.”
Epithets – “wavy fogs”, “boring road”, “monotonous bell”, “daring revelry”, “black hut”, “striped miles”.
History of creation
The poem appeared from the pen of Alexander Sergeevich in 1826. It has an autobiographical basis. There are two versions of the story of the creation of the work. Some researchers believe that it is dedicated to a distant relative of the author, Sofia Pushkina. Few people know that the poet was going to marry her. In the winter of 1826, he proposed to the girl. According to this hypothesis, Sofia is hiding under the image of the mysterious Nina.
Other scholars claim that the work was written after a trip to Moscow. In September 1826, Pushkin was notified that Nicholas I was waiting for him in Moscow. The Emperor promised the poet his patronage and freedom from censorship control. It is known that the conversation with the emperor was tense.
First " Winter evening"saw the world in 1828 in the magazine "Moskovsky Vestnik".
Subject
In Russian literature, many poets developed winter themes. For Pushkin, it is closely connected with emotional experiences. The author reveals two themes - the beauty of winter nature and “heartfelt melancholy.” In the center of the work is the lyrical hero, the secondary images are Nina and the coachman.
The lyrical hero drives along a winter road, observing nature. Already the initial landscape sketches make it clear to the reader that the main character is in a sad mood. He notices how the moon casts a sad light on the sad meadows. The road seems boring to the man and even the bell on the greyhound troika does not ring, but rattles, tiring his ears.
The lyrical hero of the poem listens to the coachman's songs. The chants evoke in him mixed feelings of joy and melancholy. Along the way there is nothing pleasing to the eye, everything around is deserted: no fire, no “hut”. The wilderness depresses the hero even more.
The hero's boredom dissipates a little when he remembers his imminent meeting with Nina. The imagination begins to imagine wonderful moments in the girl’s company. It is noticeable that the man is in love with her, because he says: “I’ll forget myself by the fireplace, I’ll just stare at her.” The hero is pleased that the midnight hour will not separate him from his beloved.
In the last stanza, the traveler leaves his dreams and returns to reality. He feels sad again. Mentally turning to Nina, he talks about the boring journey and the dozing coachman.
After reading the work, it becomes clear what its the main idea: even cheerful winter landscapes can turn into dull pictures if there is no nearby loved one; nature is capable of reflecting all human feelings.
Composition
The composition of the analyzed poem is simple. In terms of meaning, the poem is conventionally divided into two parts: a winter landscape and an appeal to Nina. Pictures of winter nature frame the appeal to the girl. The poem consists of seven quatrains. Analysis of the formal and semantic organization of a verse helps to trace how the author realizes the idea of the work.
Genre
The genre of the work is elegy. The poet describes nature, constantly emphasizing his sadness; in the poems addressed to Nina, melancholy is felt along with joyful notes. The poetic meter is trochaic tetrameter. The rhyme pattern in the text is cross ABAB, there are male and female rhymes.
Means of expression
The winter landscape is created using means of expression. They are also a tool for conveying the experiences of the lyrical hero. Prevail in the text epithets: “wavy fogs”, “boring road”, “monotonous bell”, “daring revelry”, “black hut”, “striped miles”. Landscape and psychological sketches are given expressiveness metaphors: “the moon makes its way into the sad meadows”, “midnight will not separate us”, “the moon’s face is foggy”. The poet does not use comparisons. The mixed feelings of the lyrical hero are conveyed using antitheses, for example, describing the coachman’s song, he says that one can feel in it: “Now daring revelry, now heartfelt melancholy.”
In order to convey the hero’s sadness, A.S. Pushkin uses dangling sentences in three quatrains.
Pushkin's "Winter Road", the analysis of which is the subject of this review, has become one of the most iconic works in his work. Being lyrical and touching in content, it at the same time sums up his life and work. The work is interesting because it intertwines natural sketches, love themes, as well as a deep philosophical meaning that permeates the author’s internal monologue.
Story
The most remarkable example of Russian poetry is the poem “Winter Road” by Pushkin. The analysis of this work should begin with brief description conditions for its creation.
Alexander Sergeevich wrote it in 1826. It was difficult time for the poet. Being in love with his distant relative Sofya Pushkina, he intended to marry her, but was refused. And this very sadness for lost love is reflected in the poem. In addition, at the same time he was worried better times in his creative biography.
Having established himself as a famous writer and poet, he nevertheless dreamed of greater fame. But in society he had an extremely ambiguous reputation as a freethinker. Also, many were unkind to his lifestyle: the poet played a lot and squandered his small inheritance from his father. All these circumstances may have been the reason for Sophia’s refusal, who did not dare to go against public opinion, although, as is known, she felt sincere sympathy for the author.
Nature
The poem “Winter Road” by Pushkin, the analysis of which must be continued with characterization, is basically a sketch of the lyrical hero’s trip to his beloved. The work opens with a description of a dull, sad, endless picture that stretches in front of the traveler as an endless strip, inducing melancholy and sad thoughts. The reader is faced with monotonous natural phenomena, characteristic of this time of year: fog, wide meadows, deserted distance, the moon, which illuminates everything around with its dim light. All these images are consonant with the inner hero, who is immersed in deep melancholy.
Love theme
One of the most poignant poems is “Winter Road” by Pushkin. The analysis should include a description of the author's state of mind. He is sad, but at the same time he dreams of his beloved. Memories and thoughts about her support and console him during the long and boring journey. The dull winter sketches are contrasted with pictures of home life and comfort. In his dreams, the poet imagines a fireplace with a hot fire, a warm room in which he wants to meet his bride. The repetition of her name sounds like a refrain in the poem, conveying the lyrical hero’s hope for quick happiness. At the same time, he seems to have a presentiment of refusal, and that is why his speech is so sad and at the same time heartfelt.
Philosophy
"Winter Road" by Pushkin - a poem that is included in school curriculum, since it combines the main motives of his work: themes of nature, love and reflections on life. The image of an endless road is also a symbolic image of his fate, which seems long and very sad to him. The only thing that brightens up the melancholy is the monotonous songs of the coachman, but they bring only temporary consolation. Likewise, in the life of a poet there are few happy moments that do not bring peace.
Pushkin’s poem “Winter Road,” a brief analysis of which should include an analysis of the author’s main idea, conveys the poet’s philosophical thoughts about life with amazing simplicity and spontaneity, and this is why it is especially interesting for understanding his work.
Meaning
This work, as mentioned above, combines the main features of the poet’s work. Perhaps, the only thing that was not mentioned in it was the theme of friendship, which occupies a prominent place in his works. Otherwise, the reader sees in a very condensed form everything that can be found on the pages of his larger works: a precise expressive style, a description of nature, reflections on fate, on lost love. Pushkin’s poem “Winter Road” is completely different from the works of other poets in its melody and richness of language.
The moon makes its way through the wavy fogs, It pours a sad light onto the sad meadows. Along the winter, boring road, Three greyhounds are running, The monotonous bell is rattling tiresomely. Something familiar is heard in the long songs of the coachman: That daring revelry, That heartfelt melancholy... No fire, no black hut... Wilderness and snow... Towards me Only striped miles come across one. Boring, sad... Tomorrow, Nina, Tomorrow, when I return to my dear one, I will forget myself by the fireplace, I’ll take a long look. The hour hand will make its measured circle with a resounding sound, And, removing the annoying ones, Midnight will not separate us. It’s sad, Nina: my path is boring, my driver has fallen silent from his doze, the bell is monotonous, the moon’s face is foggy.
The verse was written in December 1826, when Pushkin’s friends, participants in the Decembrist uprising, were executed or exiled, and the poet himself was in exile in Mikhailovskoye. Pushkin's biographers claim that the verse was written about the poet's trip to the Pskov governor for an inquiry.
The theme of the verse is much deeper than just the image of a winter road. The image of a road is an image of a person’s life path. The world of winter nature is empty, but the road is not lost, but marked with miles:
No fire, no black house...
Wilderness and snow... Towards me
Only miles are striped
They come across one.
The path of the lyrical hero is not easy, but, despite the sad mood, the work is full of hope for the best. Life is divided into black and white stripes, like mileposts. The poetic image of “striped miles” is a poetic symbol that personifies the “striped” life of a person. The author moves the reader’s gaze from heaven to earth: “along the winter road”, “the troika is running”, “the bell ... is rattling”, the coachman’s songs. In the second and third stanzas, the author twice uses words of the same root (“Sad”, “sad”), which help to understand the traveler’s state of mind. Using alliteration, the poet depicts a poetic image of artistic space - sad meadows. While reading the poem, we hear the ringing of a bell, the creaking of runners in the snow, and the song of the coachman. The coachman's long song means long, long-sounding. The rider is sad and sad. And the reader is not happy. The coachman’s song embodies the basic state of the Russian soul: “daring revelry,” “heartfelt melancholy.” Drawing nature, Pushkin depicts the inner world of the lyrical hero. Nature relates to human experiences. In a short segment of text, the poet uses ellipses four times - The poet wants to convey the sadness of the rider. There is something left unsaid in these lines. Maybe a person traveling in a wagon does not want to share his sadness with anyone. Night landscape: black huts, wilderness, snow, striped mileposts. Throughout nature there is cold and loneliness. The friendly light in the window of the hut, which can shine for a lost traveler, does not burn. Black huts are without fire, but “black” is not only a color, but also evil, unpleasant moments in life. The last stanza is again sad and boring. The driver fell silent, only the “monotonous” bell sounded. The technique of a ring composition is used: “the moon is making its way” - “the lunar face is foggy.” But long road has a pleasant final goal - meeting with your beloved:
Bored, sad... Tomorrow, Nina,
Returning to my dear tomorrow,
I'll forget myself by the fireplace,
I can't stop looking at it.
The poem "Winter Road" was written in 1826. At the same time that December was marked by uprisings. The exiled poet was acutely worried about what was happening. That period of Pushkin’s work was filled with anxious motives and worries for his comrades. Biographers believe that this poem was written during the poet’s journey for interrogation by the Pskov governor. This work is undoubtedly deeper than it seems at first glance. It is full of philosophy and metaphor.
The image of a winter road can be considered in its literal sense, or you can compare the road with human life, with the life of a lyrical hero. The winter road is empty, monotonous, boring, marked only by striped miles. But this is all the symbolism. The life of the lyrical hero, who is undoubtedly close to the author, seems to him just as empty and boring. Striped miles are a symbol of the fickleness of life, the presence of black and white stripes.
The leading feeling of the poem is sadness and longing. Hence the poetic image of sad meadows, reinforced by the repetitions of “sad moonlight.” The landscape, as a reflection of the hero’s mood, looks dull and boring. Boredom is visible in the monotony of the landscape, in the sound of the bell, in the measured passage of time, in the striped miles flashing outside the window. The author's use of ellipses also conveys boredom. A certain semblance of hope can be seen in the image of the coachman, in his song, which captures the “daring revelry.” She reminds the hero of old times.
The image of your beloved helps you overcome boredom during the journey. It is to her that the lyrical hero turns, promising that they will soon be together. Thereby calming yourself down. Thoughts about the lyrical heroine, named Nina, give me strength and do not allow me to go crazy.
Precise cross rhyme draws a clear picture of the work, allowing you to reveal images and convey feelings. Trochee tetrameter is the main meter of this poem.
“Winter Road” consists of seven stanzas connected to each other in meaning. The first and last stanzas are connected by one common theme of sadness and boredom. And in the first stanza there is a mention of the moon (the moon is creeping through) and in the last (the lunar face is foggy), so they create a ring composition.
The image of a winter road is metaphorical and represents life path lyrical hero. It is difficult, full of trials, hopes, despondency, sadness, but there is hope in it, which will ultimately lead to harmony.
“Winter Road” Alexander Pushkin
Through the wavy mists
The moon creeps in
To the sad meadows
She sheds a sad light.On the winter, boring road
Three greyhounds are running,
Single bell
It rattles tiresomely.Something sounds familiar
In the coachman's long songs:
That reckless revelry
That's heartbreak...No fire, no black house...
Wilderness and snow... Towards me
Only miles are striped
They come across one.Bored, sad... Tomorrow, Nina,
Tomorrow, returning to my dear,
I'll forget myself by the fireplace,
I'll take a look without looking at it.The hour hand sounds loud
He will make his measuring circle,
And, removing the annoying ones,
Midnight will not separate us.It’s sad, Nina: my path is boring,
My driver fell silent from his doze,
The bell is monotonous,
The moon's face is clouded.
Analysis of Pushkin's poem "Winter Road"
Alexander Pushkin is one of the few Russian poets who managed to masterfully convey in his works own feelings and thoughts, drawing a surprisingly subtle parallel with the surrounding nature. An example of this is the poem “Winter Road,” written in 1826 and, according to many researchers of the poet’s work, dedicated to his distant relative, Sofia Fedorovna Pushkina.
This poem has a rather sad backstory.. Few people know that the poet was connected with Sofia Pushkina not only by family ties, but also by very romantic relationship. In the winter of 1826, he proposed to her, but was refused. Therefore, it is likely that in the poem “Winter Road” the mysterious stranger Nina, to whom the poet addresses, is the prototype of his beloved. The journey itself, described in this work- nothing more than Pushkin’s visit to his chosen one in order to resolve the issue of marriage.
From the first lines of the poem “Winter Road” it becomes clear that the poet is by no means in a rosy mood. Life seems to him dull and hopeless, like the “sad meadows” through which a carriage drawn by three horses rushes on a winter night. The gloominess of the surrounding landscape is consonant with the feelings experienced by Alexander Pushkin. The dark night, the silence, occasionally broken by the ringing of a bell and the dull song of the coachman, the absence of villages and the eternal companion of wanderings - striped mileposts - all this makes the poet fall into a kind of melancholy. It is likely that the author anticipates the collapse of his matrimonial hopes in advance, but does not want to admit it to himself. For him the image of a beloved is a happy release from a tedious and boring journey. “Tomorrow, when I return to my sweetheart, I will forget myself by the fireplace,” the poet dreams hopefully, hoping that the final goal will more than justify the long night journey and will allow him to fully enjoy peace, comfort and love.
The poem “Winter Road” also has a certain hidden meaning. Describing his journey, Alexander Pushkin compares it with his own life, which, in his opinion, is just as boring, dull and joyless. Only a few events bring variety to it, like the way the coachman’s songs, daring and sad, burst into the silence of the night. However, these are only short moments that are not capable of changing life as a whole, giving it sharpness and fullness of sensations.
We should also not forget that by 1826 Pushkin was already an accomplished, mature poet, but his literary ambitions were not fully satisfied. He dreamed of great fame, but in the end, high society actually turned away from him not only because of freethinking, but also due to his unbridled love of gambling. It is known that by this time the poet had managed to squander the rather modest fortune he had inherited from his father, and hoped to improve his financial affairs through marriage. It is possible that Sofya Feodorovna still had warm and tender feelings for her distant relative, but the fear of ending her days in poverty forced the girl and her family to reject the poet’s offer.
Probably, the upcoming matchmaking and the expectation of refusal became the reason for such a gloomy mood in which Alexander Pushkin was during the trip and created one of the most romantic and sad poems, “Winter Road,” filled with sadness and hopelessness. And also the belief that perhaps he will be able to escape from vicious circle and change your life for the better.
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