N dictionary in English adjectives. Adjectives in English that characterize a person

Hello my beloved readers.

How often do you describe people or characters in books? When I was at school, this was my favorite activity. I described myself, my family, book characters, and even my fictional characters. As I grew older, when the English language became firmly established in my life, I began to do this in English. Therefore, if you need English adjectives that characterize a person, then you have come to the right place.

Today I will share with you my favorite adjectives with translation and transcription for you and your children.

Let's start right away with the simplest thing that is suitable for children younger age. I’ll tell you a secret that schoolchildren can use these words in their own stories.

For primary and secondary schoolchildren

Young\Old - Young\Old Tall\Short - Tall\Short, low Curly\Wavy\Straight Hair - Curled\Wavy\Straight hair Beautiful - Beautiful Lazy - Lazy Hard-working - Hardworking Honest\Dishonest - Honest\Dishonest Shy - Modest Open - Sincere, open Confident\Self-confident - Confident \ Self-confident Patient\Impatient - Patient\Impatient Stupid\Silly - Silly Kind - Kind Smart\Clever\Intelligent - Smart Talented - Talented Generous - Generous Polite - Polite Rude - Rude

She was a very beautiful girl. She was young, tall with the most beautiful curly hair I have ever seen. - She was a very beautiful girl. She was young, tall and had the most beautiful hair I had ever seen. She is a very hard-working person. I have never seen her unprepared. - She is a very hardworking person. I've never seen her unprepared. If she wasn't’ t so shy , she would be a great teacher . - If he weren't so modest, she would be a great teacher. They were very kind to me and extremely generous. I stayed at their house for a few days until my apartment was repaired. - They were very kind to me and incredibly generous. I stayed in their house for several days until my apartment was ready. Tomy is a very clever boy. He is the best student in his class. - Tom is a very smart boy. He is the best student in the class. He is very talented but very lazy. This combination of traits will lead to nowhere. - He is very talented, but very lazy. This combination will lead to nothing. I would not say that this behavior was polite. He was rather rude to her . - I wouldn't say this behavior was polite. He was very rude to her.

Type	Adjectives	Example
Personality traits	Arrogant - arrogant (one who constantly turns up his nose) Selfish - selfish Violent - hot-tempered Decisive\Indecisive - decisive/indecisive Ambitious - ambitious Thoughtful - caring, attentive Trustworthy - reliable Vain - narcissistic Cheerful - cheerful Touchy - touchy	She seemed to be a very indecisive person. But when the problem occurred we found out that we had been wrong. “She seemed like a very indecisive person.” But when problems arose, we realized that we were mistaken. My boss is very ambitious. We have so many plans for our future development. - My boss is very ambitious. We have so many plans for our future development. Even though he seems vain and arrogant, he is the most trustworthy person I know. - Although he seems narcissistic and arrogant, he is the most reliable person I know.
Emotions	Melancholic - melancholic Sentimental - sentimental Bored - bored (bored - person, but boring - situation) Frustrated - irritated Restless - restless Unsure - unsure Edgy - irritable Calm\Relaxed - calm Excited - lively Enthusiastic - enthusiastic Exhausted - exhausted	Mother was rather restless this evening. Did John call? - Mom was very restless that evening. John called? Every morning he enters the office in extremely enthusiastic way. Every day he leaves it absolutely exhausted. “Every morning he comes into the office incredibly enthusiastic. Every evening he leaves there completely exhausted.
Relationships with people	Easy-going = sociable - sociable Straight-Forward - Straight Outgoing - communicative Considerate - considerate of others Friendly - friendly Supportive - supportive Amiable - friendly Obedient\ Disobedient - obedient Ill-mannered - a person with bad manners Withdrawn\Detached - alienated	He was a great man. He was easy-going and considerate. I will miss his amiable smile. - He was a great person. He was sociable and attentive. I will miss his friendly smile. An Obedient person can’t be ill-mannered. - An obedient person cannot have bad manners. He was very detached recently. - He's been very distant lately. Being straight-forward is not a pleasant trait of character. - Being straightforward is not a very pleasant character trait.
Other	Lonely - lonely Unreliable - unreliable Sluggish - slow Witty - witty Courageous - courageous	He seems to be very lonely after his wife died. - He seems very lonely after his wife died. That was a very courageous and witty man. The evening was great. - He was a very courageous and witty man. The evening was wonderful. What a sluggish person you are! Can you do it a bit faster, please? - You are a very slow person. Can you do this a little faster please?

Well, my dears, have you found new and interesting words for yourself? I am sure that now it will be much easier for you to describe a person and his character, because you have such a set of vocabulary in your arsenal.

Subscribers to my blog know how much I love to study with them, so they look forward to new posts with special trepidation. But in order not to miss them, they are subscribed to my blog’s newsletter, which regularly gives them new and interesting information. Join us too! A lot of useful and interesting things await you.

And with that, I say goodbye to you and say “goodbye.”

Hello! We have already learned the verbs in English language, studied tables of English pronouns. It's time to relax a little and study adjectives in English. These words are very important for a living and rich English speech, so if you want to become a full member of the English-speaking society, then you just need to know at least the basic adjectives.

English adjectives The adjective is the main part of speech that denotes a sign of a phenomenon, person or object - green room, warm rain, good friend ( good friend). Answers the question (which ones? which one? which one?). As you can see from the question, unlike the Russian language, adjectives in English do not change according to gender, number and cases, and do not form short forms, so learning them is much easier.

Whole line English adjectives in their form, that is, in writing, they are no different from adverbs. To distinguish them, it is necessary to remember that adverbs define an adjective, a verb or another adverb - well (good), little (little), late (late), and adjectives - noun - well (good), little (small), late (late).

According to their meaning, adjectives in English are divided into:

• Relative- cannot be combined with an adverb very (Very) and do not form degrees of comparison. There are much fewer of them, they convey such signs of a phenomenon, person or object that cannot be present in them to a lesser or greater extent. For example: the scene is central (central), material - g lass (glass) etc.
• Quality- a larger group. They denote characteristics that may be inherent in a person, object or phenomenon to a lesser or greater extent, therefore qualitative adjectives form three degrees of comparison: excellent, comparative and positive. Eg, soft - soft(positive) - softer - softer(comparative) - softest - the softest(excellent). From qualitative ones the corresponding abstract nouns are formed - darkness (darkness), cold (cold).

Like Russian, English has adjectives:

• Simple- in them, except for the root, there is no suffix and prefix: little (small), black (black), short (short)
• Derivatives- in these words both the root, the prefix and the suffix are highlighted: unkind (unkind), beautiful (beautiful), untrue (wrong)
• Composite (complex)- consist of several stems, most often separated by a hyphen: snow-white (snow-white), high-bred (well-mannered), red-hot (hot).

It is necessary to distinguish between English adjectives that end in “ -ing" And " -ed" You need to know this so as not to confuse them with past verbs, gerunds and participles. In this case, you need to be guided by their role and place in the sentence. In a word on "-ing" usually describe the impression of an object, phenomenon or person, and in words "-ed"- the state of the person himself.

Study Table No. 1. What words did you know? Write down new words for you along with the translation and learn:

shocking	shocking	shocked	shocked
surprising	amazing	surprised	surprised
exciting	exciting	excited	excited
tiring	tedious	tired	tired
interesting	interesting	interested	interested

The role of adjectives in a sentence

The Adjective refers to a pronoun or, most often, a noun. In a sentence it can perform the following functions:

1. Definitions(Attributive adjectives) - He wears black shoes (He wears black shoes), comes before a noun. If there are demonstrative, possessive pronouns and an article, then the adjective is placed between the determiner of the noun and the noun itself: Moscow is a beautiful city (Moscow is a beautiful city). If the Adjective is preceded by an adverb of degree, which enhances its meaning, then the defined noun is omitted, but the meaning is implied: I thought shi very clever (woman) - I thought she was very smart (woman).

In the case when a noun is determined by several adjectives at once, then those Adjectives that reflect the state of things are located closer, and then words that express an opinion: It was a nice sunny day - It was a nice sunny day. The fact that it is a sunny day is a fact, a state, but the fact that it is glorious is a subjective opinion.

Study Table No. 2 to find out the rules for the placement of adjectives characterizing a noun:

Epithet, quality:		good
		big
		round
		old
		brown
Origin:		Spanish
Substance, material:		wood
A word that forms a single semantic group with a noun:		dining
Noun:		table

Attributive adjectives are placed after the noun if:

• An adjective modifies an indefinite pronoun: There is nothing wrong
• The adjective itself has a dependent word in the comparative construction: They have a court yard larger than yours (They have a larger yard than yours)
• The definition is expressed by the words present (present), absent (absent) and some other words: Absent will not be in a rate

2. Compound nominal predicate (predicative) — His shoes are red (His shoes are red), comes after the linking verb - to be (is, am, are, was...): Moscow is beautiful (Moscow is beautiful (beautiful). A number of other verbs can be used in the same capacity: to get, to turn, to become, to look, to seem - Shi is getting old (She is getting old).

Adjectives such as well (good health) and ill (sick), as well as words starting with “a” - awake (awake), asleep (sleeping), afraid (scared), alive (alive) and others are used exclusively in the function predicative and they lack degrees of comparison: Hi is ill again (He is sick again).

Adjectives for everyday communication

Adjectives that denote shapes, tastes, sizes, colors and qualities are very important, since they are most often used in everyday everyday communication.
Carefully study table No. 3. Try to remember the most common words, write down the most difficult ones:

Colors			Sizes			Shapes
white		White	wide	Wide		triangular	Triangular
black		Black	thin	Thin		square	Square
yellow		Yellow	thick	Thick		straight	Straight
red		Red	tall	High		circular	Circular
purple		Purple	small	Small		-	-
orange		Orange	short	Short		-	-
green		Green	narrow	Narrow		-	-
gray		Grey	long	Long		-	-
brown		Brown	deep	Deep		-	-
blue		Blue	big	Big		-	-
Tastes			Qualities			Quantities
sweet	Sweet		young		Young	wholesale		Whole
spicy	Spicy		old		Old	a few		Some
sour	Sour		bad		Bad	some		Some
salty	Salty		good		Good	part		Part
fresh	Fresh		heavy		Heavy	much		A lot of
bitter	Bitter		easy		Easy	many		Many
-	-		dry		Dry	little		Small
-	-		wet		Wet	few		Some
-	-		soft		Soft	-		-
-	-		new		New	-		-

Hello my dears.

You know, in one book it is written that the Italian language is like candy - it is so pleasant that it simply “melts” in your mouth. And I declare that English gives even more pleasant sweetness when you know beautiful adjectives in English. These are what we will study with you today. We have about 30 adjectives ahead with translation, examples and even voiceovers.

Adjective	Example
Bitter- bitter	The desert tastes bitter. Are you sure the recipe is correct? - The dessert tastes bitter. Are you sure the recipe is correct?
Curious- curious	He was too curious to be an ordinary student. He seemed too interested in everything. - He was too curious to be an ordinary student. It seemed that he was interested in everything.
Adorable- delightful, lovely	She looks adorable in this picture. - She looks lovely in this photo.
Cozy- cosy	The new house they bought is very bright and cozy. - New house The one they bought is very bright and cozy.
Comely- cute, pretty	She is so comely when doesn't argue. - She's so sweet when she doesn't argue.
Brave- brave	He was as brave as he seemed to be. - He was as brave as he seemed.
Charming- charming	She looked so charming in that amazing dress of hers. - She looked so charming in her amazing dress.
Quiet- quiet	The place is very quiet. I wish I could spend more time there. - This is a very quiet place. I wish I could spend more time there.
Doubtful- doubtful	The results of the competition are doubtful . - The results of the competition are doubtful.
Smooth- smooth	The cover of the lake was very smooth. As If the storm has never happened. - The surface of the lake was very smooth. It was as if the storm had never happened.
Delicious- delicious	The dinner was absolutely delicious. Will you share the recipe with me? - Dinner was incredibly delicious. Can you share the recipe with me?
Astonishing- amazing	The end of the film was completely astonishing . - The ending of the film was simply amazing.
Delightful- delicious	It was a delightful meeting. I got acquainted with so many interesting people. - It was a delightful meeting. I met a lot of interesting people.
Lovely- Beautiful	What a lovely dress you are wearing! Where did you buy it? - What a beautiful dress you are wearing! Where did you buy it?
Excited- excited	He looks very excited. Do you know what happened? - He looks very excited. Do you know what happened?
Convenient- comfortable	It is very convenient when you live close to the place of your work. - Living near your place of work is very convenient.
Alluring- charming, attractive	The view from the roof was extremely alluring. - The view from the roof was incredibly attractive.
Fancy- fantastic	She made such a fancy gift for her. How long did it take her to create it? - She gave her a fantastic gift. How long did it take her to make it?
Attractive- attractive	This place seems attractive for many tourists. - This place seems attractive to many tourists.
Apparent- obvious	She made it apparent that she was unwilling to go anywhere . “She made it obvious that she didn't want to go anywhere.”
Excellent- fabulous	The taste of the wine was excellent. - The taste of the wine was great.
Fabulous- amazing, incredible	The performance was fabulous. Music, costumes, scenery - everything was on the highest level. - The production was amazing. Music, costumes, scenery - everything was at the highest level.
Helpful- useful	Your advice turned out to be extremely helpful. - Your advice turned out to be incredibly useful.
Modern- modern	And there you can watch a modern version of once famous poem. - And there you can see a modern version of a once famous play.
Pleasant- nice	It was such a pleasant gift that I couldn’t pronounce a word. “It was such a nice gift that I couldn’t say a word.”
Splendid- delicious	What a splendid performance it was! - What a delightful performance it was!
Wonderful- excellent	It was such a wonderful evening! - It was an excellent evening.

Eh, I didn’t even want sweets after so many adjectives. I hope that you enjoyed it as much as I did, and that you will now use them in your speech much more often. By the way, you can find even more descriptive words, but this time relating to people’s characters.

Remember, my dears, that you can get even more important and necessary information in my blog newsletter. There I regularly share materials in English. Subscribe too so you don't miss anything.

Our speech would be extremely sparse if we did not use bright colors and means of expression in it. And perhaps the most popular way is to use adjectives. Adjectives in English allow you to express characteristics inanimate nouns and qualities of animates, describe a person’s appearance and the properties of his character, embellish any actions and events, compare two objects or persons, and much more. Today we will find out what properties these parts of speech have, consider their grammatical norms, get acquainted with the types, and learn a list of definitions often used in speech.

Let's start with what even a child knows: this part of speech indicates either the belonging of an object or its properties, that is, it is the answer to the question of which, which, whose. Unlike Russian analogues, adjectives in English behave much more modestly and almost never change, i.e. do not receive additional endings when changing number, case, gender; do not have short forms.

• Ihavea red jacket- I have a red jacket.
• Weliveinthis red house- We live in this red house.

They can play one of two syntactic roles in a sentence. Words acting as evaluative definitions stand immediately before the object they define, and expressions included in the compound predicate complete the phrase.

• My father bought a blue carMyfatherboughtbluecar.(definition)
• Thecar is beautiful - This car is beautiful.(compound nominal predicate)

In terms of its composition, this part of speech is divided into simple (monosyllabic) and long words (polysyllabic) containing two or more syllables. The latter are called derivatives, according to the method of their formation: the addition of suffixes or prefixes. Negative forms of positive definitions are often obtained in this way. It is worth highlighting compound adjectives in English, formed by merging two simple basics. As a rule, such compound definitions are written with a hyphen.

• Shecookedabigcake- She prepared a big pie.(simple)
• Myparentsgavemeusefuladvice– My parents gave me useful advice.(derivative)
• There was a well-preserved cupboard in that flat –INthatapartmentwasFinepreservedcloset.(complex)

The method of forming comparative and superlative degrees depends on this classification. This is the only transformation possible for an adjective, in which the ending of the word changes. For simple definitions in English, the endings –er, -est are added. In more complex forms, you need to use the words more and most.

• brave boy⟶ braver boy ⟶ the bravest boy —brave boy⟶ the boy is braver⟶ the bravest boy
• practical thing ⟶ more practical thing ⟶ most practical thing -practical thing ⟶ the thing is more practical ⟶ the most practical thing

There are also so-called irregular words that do not raise powers according to the general rules. They are listed separately.

These basic points will be sufficient when using adjectives in simple phrases and expressions. Next, we will study the most popular English words in this category and examples of their translation.

Popular adjectives in English

It is impossible to learn all possible ways of expressing characteristics and qualities in one sitting. Therefore, we propose to start with the basics and consider a small list of English adjectives that are used in almost every conversation. These expressions will also be useful when conducting foreign language classes for children, since they are the basis of knowledge and do not pose any difficulty in learning. The table contains hundreds of descriptive definitions, distributed into general categories and recorded with transcription * and translation into Russian.

Top 100 simple adjectives
Category	Example words
Popular antonyms	good [ɡʊd]	good	bad	bad
	new	new	old [əʊld]	old
	open [ əʊpən]	open	closed	closed
	simple	simple	difficult	difficult
	clean [ kliːn]	clean	dirty	filthy
	beautiful	beautiful (only about women or objects)	ugly [ʌɡli]	ugly
	big	big	little	small
	slim	slim	thick [θɪk]	thick
	dry	dry	wet	wet
	light	light	dark	dark
	kind	Kind	angry [æŋɡri]	wicked
	rich	rich	poor	poor
	cheap	cheap	expensive [ɪkˈspensɪv]	Expensive
	strong	strong	weak	weak
	hot	hot	cold	cold
	easy	easy	hard	heavy
	tall	high	short [ʃɔːt]	short
	low	quiet	loud	loud
	fast	fast	slow	slow
	happy	glad	sad	sad
Expression of admiration	wonderful	wonderful	great [ɡreɪt]	fabulous
	amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ]	amazing	nice	nice
	cute	attractive	fine	beautiful
	tasty	delicious	excellent	great
	perfect	perfect	handsome	Beautiful (about men only)
Description of states	hungry	hungry	thirsty [θɜːsti]	thirsty
	afraid [ə’freɪd]	frightened	excited [ɪkˈsaɪtɪd]	excited
	active [æktɪv]	active	tired	tired
	bored	bored	cheerful	funny
	lonely	lonely	surprised	surprised
Expressing properties and characteristics	successful	successful	important [ɪmˈpɔːtnt]	important
	correct	correct	popular	popular
	large	large	usual	ordinary
	funny	funny	healthy	healthy
	interesting [ɪntrəstɪŋ]	interesting	long	long
	clever	smart	busy	busy
	friendly	friendly	famous	famous
	serious	serious	boring	boring
	lucky	lucky	brave	brave
	unknown [ʌnˈnəʊn]	unknown	answered	responsible
	impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl]	impossible	real	real
	bright	bright	careful	caring
	warm	warm	cold	chill
	young	young	free [ friː]	free
	fresh	fresh	wide	wide
	honest [ɒnɪst]	honest	basic	base
	sure [ʃʊər]	confident	quality	qualitative
	fantastic	fantastic	favorite	Darling
	useless	useless	harmful	harmful
	necessary	necessary	accurate [ækjərət]	careful

* If you are not sure of the correct reading of the transcription, you can use the built-in voiceover button to work on pronunciation.

Of course, these are not all common adjectives in the English language. , but this is already a pretty solid basis for a basic vocabulary. You should not try to memorize long lists of words: you will only confuse yourself or learn rarely encountered forms of expressions.

If the information provided is not new to you, or you have already mastered this part of the material well, we invite you to study the adjectives that stand out in the English language for their particular specific use.

Difficult grammatical points

To simplify perception and the possibility of studying the topic with a child, in the first section we omitted many important points that beginners do not need to know yet. But, for Intermediate level holders, this information will be extremely important and useful. Now we will get acquainted with a new type of definitions, find out what a graduated adjective is and how it behaves, and also consider the nuances of the transition of words from one part of speech to another.

Possessive aspect

When we studied the popular adjectives and antonyms in English used to describe people and things, they were mostly of the qualitative adjective variety. There are also relative ones, but we will talk about them a little later. Now we are more interested interesting shape– possessive adjectives in English.

There are a lot of similar words in Russian speech: fox, wolf, Lysin, mother, shepherd and so on. But the British can use only seven such definitions: my,your,his, her, its, our, their. They are often confused with pronouns, violating the norms of lexical combination. Let's try to figure out why these words refer specifically to this section grammars.

As already noted, the job of adjectives is to determine the properties, characteristics and belonging of the specified objects. Possessiveness is the main category that expresses the connection between an object and a subject. The relation to the class of adjectives is also indicated by the syntactic function of such expressions - definition, i.e. they always appear in a sentence immediately before a noun (or adj+noun group). But the role played by possessive pronouns in English is completely different. They are intended to replace the expressed noun. As a rule, such pronouns are always used at the end of a phrase or at the very beginning. Let's look at examples.

• Usually, Ibring my guitarandwesing our favoritesongs– Usually, I bring my guitar and we sing our favorite songs.(whose guitar? - mine, whose songs? - ours; possessive adj.)
• My smartphone is better than yours – Mysmartphonebetter,howis yours.(whose smartphone? – mine (adj.); what’s yours? implied smartphone (personal location)
• It is not him watch. His he left at home-ThisNothiswatch.He left his watch at home.(whose watch? – his (adj.); what’s your own? watch (local)

Pronouns, with the exception of his, have a different form from adjectives, so they are easy to distinguish in the text. And for self-use, you need to remember these differences and work them out in practice.

Degrees of comparison and amplification (medium level)

When we looked at the types of adjectives in English, we noted that they depend on the formation of comparative degrees. But was not mentioned important point: not all representatives of this class speech is able to form degrees. This justifies the division of types into qualitative and relative adjectives.

Qualities are expressed in varying degrees, but relativity has only a dictionary form. This category includes characteristics of origin, material, time designation, field of activity and geographical location. Such meanings in themselves have strong positions and do not need exaggeration.

• I bought a wooden chairIboughtwoodchair.(cannot be more/less or the most wooden)
• It was an American train -ThiswasAmericantrain.
• Shewritesa weekly report– She writes a weekly report

The English language allows you to strengthen the characteristic in one more way - by adding an adverb. And here we are again faced with a special factor: not all adverbs can coexist with definitions. So, for example, the popular very, rather, hugely, a bit can only be combined with gradable adjectives, i.e. weak definitions (most often qualitative adjectives). Often these combinations are synonyms for more expressive words. In this case, amplification is used with both negative and positive characteristics.

• verytasty= delicious; very tasty - delicious;
• abitdirty – filthy; a little dirty - dirty;
• veryunusual – extraordinary; very unusual - most incredible;

Such an adjective, denoting an extreme degree of properties, in turn, can only be used with weak adverbs. Thus, combinations of adverbs with definitions always occur according to the principle of merging opposites.

This rule must be remembered in order to avoid making gross speech errors.

Substantivization

English adjectives are characterized by such a phenomenon as substantivization. Through this process, definitions are given functions and meanings specific to the noun. The most vivid examples such transformations are the names of languages ​​and nationalities.

• Her German is perfect –Her German is perfect.
• Yesterday I made friends with two Russians – YesterdayImade friendsWithtwoRussians.

As the examples show, substantivized adjectives play the role of subject or object in a sentence, and denote persons and objects. Moreover, they can be presented in both singular and plural.

• abstractness: good – good; mysterious – mysterious; useful – useful; unreal – unreal;
• generality: greens - greenery; valuables – values; chemicals – chemicals;
• social groups: young - the youth; rich - rich people; elderly – elderly; poor - poor people;
• social characteristics: liberals – liberals; mariners – sailors; theunemployed – unemployed;

A more detailed list of such words can be found in a separate section.

English adjectives for intermediate level

Let's look at more complex English adjectives with Russian translation.

Intermediate adjectives
alone [əˈləʊn]	lonely	different	various
civilian	civil	pleasant	nice
deaf	deaf	quiet	calm; quiet
even	smooth	convenient	comfortable
dangerous	dangerous	fearful	scary
narrow	narrow	dreamy	dreamy
guilty [ɡɪlti]	guilty	hurt	offended
various	different	fancy	bizarre
strange	strange	wholesale	whole
rare	rare	natural	natural
far	far	wrong	wrong
medical	medical	worried	concerned
political	political	foreign	foreign
strict	strict	historical	historical
financial	financial	unhappy [ʌnˈhæpi]	unhappy