Iodine in highly specialized fields is called a micronutrient. This is not in vain, since it is needed to ensure the course of multiple biochemical reactions in the body. Moreover, it is an irreplaceable element of human nutrition.
Application rules
WHO has recognized the problem of ongoing diseases due to the deficiency of this component in the global diet.
The global medical community is of concern that iodine deficiency is a health threat. Moreover, it is life-threatening.
The pharmaceutical industry offers a variety of iodine-containing medications that are used both externally and internally. Among them:
- disinfecting alcohol-containing solutions (Iodinol, classic);
- oral agents (Yodonat, Yatren, Yodomarin);
- Iodognost, used for diagnostic purposes as a contrast ingredient in a variety of studies.
When choosing funds, you must pay attention to the percentage of the active substance, and follow medical recommendations.
Dosage
This substance is necessary for the production of hormones of the endocrine gland.
Its maximum daily tolerated rate is 1100 mcg. However, the Thyroid Association mentions the risks of taking this substance in excessively high doses. Particularly in the form of supplements, potassium iodide and kelp.
Daily norms
The Association proposes the following consumption rates (based on the calculation of the pure substance) of iodine:
- from one to eight years - 90 mcg;
- from 9 to 13 years old - 120 mcg;
- from 14 to 18 years old and adults - 150 mcg;
- pregnant women - 220 mcg;
- during lactation - 290 mcg.
In the case of children under one year of age: from birth to 6 months - 110 mcg, from 7 months to a year - 130 mcg.
If a pregnant woman drinks the medicine in high doses, it is fraught with miscarriage.
Frontier norms
The Association also determined the maximum (borderline) tolerated norms of iodine:
- from 1 to 3 years - 200 mcg;
- from 4 to 8 years old - 300 mcg;
- from 9 to 13 years old - 600 mcg;
- from 14 to 18 years old - 900 mcg;
- from 19 and older - 1100 mcg.
In the case of children under one year of age, it is impossible to determine the maximum tolerable norms.
The lethal dose of iodine corresponds to 2 grams, in terms of crystalline substance.
Curative effect or harm
Uncontrolled use of drugs can lead to poisoning
Can I get poisoned by ingesting a pure substance or iodine-containing drugs? Taking any of the iodine-containing drugs can provoke poisoning if it is uncontrolled.
Causes of intoxication
Often, iodine can be poisoned by unintentional ingestion of it in excess of doses. Chronic intoxication is likely in the case of an incorrectly calculated intake regimen or as a result of labor activity in the workplace where it is used.
Other causes of poisoning are:
- the use of external drugs inside;
- deliberate excess of the dose;
- uncontrolled reception;
- ignoring contraindications and incompatibility of the substance with other drugs and substances.
Compatibility
At a high concentration of iodine in the solution, a burn of mucous membranes appears.
Often people who have a deficiency of this element in the body resort to attempts to replenish it. For these purposes, they drink dietary supplements, foods rich in them, various medicinal iodine-containing agents, and sometimes an alcohol solution.
We will answer frequently asked questions. What happens if you drink iodine solution? Can iodine be drunk with water? What happens if you drink iodine with milk? Under what conditions is iodine burn possible?
Iodine and water
The striking effect directly depends on the concentration of the solution. With low concentration, no harm to health will occur.
A highly concentrated solution has a detrimental effect on the proteinaceous cellular structure. A chemical burn of all mucous membranes appears.
A person experiences unbearable pain, swelling.
Probably the development of an allergic manifestation, up to anaphylactic shock. If there is swelling of the larynx or bronchi and lungs, death may occur as a result of suffocation.
Given that the substance is soon adsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream, in a similar situation, general toxemia may develop with symptoms of damage to the central nervous system, liver, CVS and kidneys.
Other combinations
As in the first case, when combining it with other drugs, it is necessary to observe the measure. This is due to the relative degree of impact of two or more substances in the complex.
For example, milk with iodine is an excellent remedy for the treatment of endocrine gland diseases. Milk in this case contributes to better assimilation of the substance. However, you should be aware of the doses.
So, for medicinal purposes, you can drop a couple of drops of an alcohol solution into milk and drink it once or twice a week. Abuse can be fraught with unwanted consequences.
So, if you drink iodine with milk in an amount of more than 10 drops, then uterine bleeding may develop, as well as acute intoxication.
If you eat it with sugar, then in a matter of seconds the body temperature rises to 38-39 degrees and higher. This condition will be complicated by the development of symptoms of acute poisoning.
Negative impact
If you drink iodine in large quantities, general intoxication will ensue. In medical terminology, this phenomenon is known as the disease of iodism.
Probably acute and chronic development of this disease.
Acute form
This form is characterized by a burn of the mucous membranes and damage to the respiratory, CVS and central nervous system. Different ways of penetration of a substance into the body cause the following reactions:
- If the vapors are inhaled, there is a runny nose, dry cough, excessive tearing and salivation, and a metallic taste in the mouth.
- If you drink iodine, there is a burning sensation and pain in the mouth and larynx, as well as the esophagus, intestines and stomach. Strong thirst develops, and when exhaling, the air is saturated with iodine odor. The mucous membrane of the mouth and tongue are painted in a dark brown shade. Vomiting develops, while the vomit is colored yellow or blue (in the presence of starch-containing products) shade. Also, vomit and feces may contain blood impurities.
In more difficult situations, the following develop:
- swelling of the respiratory tract;
- decrease in blood pressure;
- blanching or cyanosis of the skin;
- dyspnea;
- unconsciousness;
- decrease in the amount of urination.
Anaphylactic shock is likely. Under the influence of pain and internal burns, a shock state can also develop.
Chronic toxemia
Symptoms for this form are different. Basically, a functional disorder of the endocrine gland develops, immunity decreases, and other pathologies are likely to appear:
- iododerma - a pathology characterized by thick rashes that merge into a single spot, urticaria, various dermatitis;
- conjunctivitis, blepharitis, etc.
Treatment
You can get a burn from iodine both when ingested and when applied externally. The difference in emergency measures is due to complications arising from internal use. After all, complications from the ingested substance into the body by the oral route are characterized by the presence of signs of acute toxemia and internal bleeding.
Primary care
Rinse the burned area with water at room temperature.
If a skin burn occurs, then it is necessary to rinse the burn site with boiled water at room temperature for 10-30 minutes. Then treat this place with warm soapy water, an aqueous solution of sugar (20%), or sprinkle it with chalk or tooth powder.
In the future, to cure the burn, you can use sea buckthorn oil.
What if iodine gets on the tongue? After all, the tongue, like the tonsils, has a rather delicate and very sensitive mucous membrane. The action of the drug in high concentration is very aggressive towards living cells, which is fraught with tissue necrosis.
To neutralize the chemical effect of the substance, you can put a little sugar or tooth powder on your tongue. Then call an ambulance.
It will not work to treat a burn of the mucous membrane of the eye and neutralize the chemical effect at home. This procedure is performed under stationary conditions.
Diseases of the thyroid gland negatively affect the general well-being of a person. This endocrine organ affects the work of the nervous, reproductive, cardiovascular, digestive systems, and regulates metabolic processes. Symptoms are nonspecific and can be mistaken for overwork. Especially often people are interested in how to check the thyroid gland at home, is it possible?
Self-diagnosis
Normally, the thyroid gland is moderately dense, mobile, painless. A change in these parameters indicates a dysfunction and development of pathological processes. The increase in the size of the organ is clearly visible when food is swallowed.
Symptoms of violations:
- the lower part of the neck is expanded;
- during swallowing, the outline of the thyroid gland is visible;
- asymmetrical neck enlargement;
- soreness when probing the gland;
- hoarseness of voice;
- the presence of nodular seals in the thyroid gland;
- the movement of the Adam's apple is not visible when swallowing food or liquid;
- transverse skin folds on the neck;
- swelling, redness of the skin over the thyroid gland.
If, during a home check, nodes are probed that quickly increase in size, you need to contact an oncologist. Malignant tumors are characterized by rapid growth.
It is worth paying attention to the condition of the cervical lymph nodes - their enlargement can also indicate a malignant or inflammatory disease. In overweight patients, examination of the thyroid gland can be difficult, and the volume of the gland can be checked only with the help of ultrasound.
Iodine Deficiency Test
Iodine is required by the thyroid gland for the secretion of thyroid hormones. With an acute shortage of the substance, the size of the organ increases, thyroxine and triiodothyronine are produced in insufficient quantities, which can lead to hypothyroidism or diffuse toxic goiter.
One way to recognize iodine deficiency is to apply an iodine net to the wrist. With a cotton swab, carefully draw several lines of various thicknesses. The test is recommended in the evening before bedtime. In the morning you need to check the result: if only small lines are absorbed, then the body has enough iodine. If all the strips are absorbed, it is worth visiting an endocrinologist and doing an ultrasound of the thyroid gland for a more accurate diagnosis of the disease.
Symptoms of iodine deficiency in the body:
- dry skin and mucous membranes;
- increase in body weight;
- chronic constipation;
- arrhythmia;
- low blood pressure;
- in women, the menstrual cycle is disturbed, infertility develops;
- in men - impotence.
Lack of iodine also negatively affects the work of the brain, decreases intellectual abilities, worsens memory, worries about general weakness, rapid fatigability, depression. If you have these symptoms and a positive iodine test, you should visit an endocrinologist. Early treatment reduces the risk of complications.
Determination of the size of the thyroid gland
How to check the thyroid gland at home, is it possible to independently examine the organ and reveal an increase in its size? To assess the volume of the thyroid gland, you need to stand in front of a mirror and take water into your mouth. When swallowing liquid, in the area above the collarbone, just below the place where the Adam's apple is located, you may notice rounded swellings or nodes. This is a symptom of thyrotoxicosis - a hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, in which there is an excessive secretion of thyroid hormones.
The characteristic symptoms of the disease include bulging eyes, weight loss with good appetite, frequent diarrhea, general weakness, a mask of fear or surprise on the face, hair loss, brittle nails, tachycardia, amenorrhea and infertility in women, gynecomastia and decreased sex drive in men.
How to define a thyroid disease, how should it be checked at home? With a significant increase in the size of the thyroid gland, the neck deforms, it becomes thicker, edema appears, the trachea is compressed, the voice sits down. If a nodular goiter develops, rounded seals that differ from the rest of the tissues can be visually or palpated.
With thyroiditis, an important determining factor is neck soreness, redness of the skin over the thyroid gland, it is elastic, mobile, and increased in size. The patient's body temperature rises.
Another test that helps to check the thyroid gland on your own is to determine the position of the eyebrow arches. A simple pencil is vertically applied to the outer corner of the eye, so that the nose is parallel. If the edge of your eyebrow extends beyond the pencil, then everything is fine. In the case when bulging is present, the eyebrows are strongly raised up - this is a symptom of a severe stage of thyrotoxicosis. It can also be caused by severe hair loss in hypothyroidism, which primarily affects the eyebrows.
If there are signs of exophthalmos, a person's face takes on a frightened, angry or surprised look. The skin is icteric, dry, edematous. With thyrotoxicosis of the thyroid gland, vision deteriorates, double vision appears, a feeling of sand, incomplete closure, lagging of the upper or lower eyelids from the eyeball when looking up and down can be observed. Patients often have symptoms of conjunctivitis, and the mucous membrane (keratitis) may ulcerate. This threatens with visual impairment and blindness.
Due to the drying out of the mucous membranes in the oral cavity, stomatitis, glossitis, and cheilitis often occur. The tongue swells and increases in size, teeth marks are visible on its lateral sides. It is difficult for the patient to talk, to swallow food.
To check the functioning of the thyroid gland, you will need a regular thermometer. It must be brought down to a reading of 35 ° C. In the morning, immediately after waking up, you should measure your body temperature. The thermometer must be kept for 10 minutes. Thus, the basal temperature is determined.
Normally, the values obtained should be in the range of 36.5–36.8 °. In women, during menstruation and pregnancy, the temperature may rise. The study will also be ineffective during colds, infectious diseases.
If the temperature is below 36.5 °, this is a symptom of hypothyroidism, and when an increase in indicators above 36.8 ° is observed, this indicates a hyperfunction of the thyroid gland or the presence of an inflammatory process (thyroiditis). This test must be repeated 3 days in a row. In case of persistent deviations from the norm, you must contact a therapist or endocrinologist.
Home tests to check the thyroid gland cannot always give the correct result, since diseases in the early stages do not cause an increase in the size of the organ. Lumps or lumps are not always present. Therefore, when ailments with a similar clinical picture appear, it is necessary to visit a doctor.
How to treat the thyroid gland at home with iodine?
If the doctor diagnosed you with hypothyroidism, this means that the thyroid gland has decreased its functionality due to a deficiency in the body of iodine. I must say that this is a very common disease that is often diagnosed in modern people of any age.
In the early stages of ailments, you can try to adjust the diet - you need to eat foods that contain iodine (seafood, persimmon, and so on). But if nutritional correction does not help, or if the disease has already progressed, then the thyroid gland should be treated with medication, and only an endocrinologist should prescribe it. The attending physician, as a rule, prescribes iodine-containing medications for such patients.
The essence of the problem
Iodine and the thyroid gland are inextricably linked with each other. The lack of this element has a very negative effect on the condition of the gland and causes it to increase in size. The fact is that iodine for the thyroid gland is an important component, only thanks to it the iron can synthesize the necessary amount of hormones necessary for the normal functioning of the body. Treatment of the thyroid gland with iodine is the most effective measure that will help normalize the function of the thyroid gland, a very important organ that is directly involved in metabolic processes.
Everyone should understand how important iodine is for the thyroid gland. The daily norm of an adult in iodine should be at least 100-150 mcg. However, in no case should you take an undiluted alcoholic solution of iodine inside, even in very small quantities! This substance is for external use only and may cause burns to mucous membranes if swallowed.
The connection of iodine and thyroid gland
How is iodine related to the thyroid gland? Iodine is a component of hormones secreted by the thyroid gland. The hormone thyroxine is the main product of the secretory activity of the thyroid gland. So it just has four iodine atoms in its composition. Thyroxine is produced from triiodothyronine after one iodine atom is cleaved from the latter.
Scientists became aware of the fact that the causes of thyroid pathologies can be a lack of iodine almost two centuries ago. After it became clear that iodine is a component of thyroid hormones, doctors began to study how the thyroid hormone is connected with the vital activity of the body. It has now been established that these hormones have a wide spectrum of action, and are necessary for a person at any age. They are necessary for children for growth and development, for women for reproductive function and for bearing a healthy child, for people who are engaged in mental work to increase intellectual capabilities, and so on.
But in addition, a lack of thyroid hormone can lead to severe chronic diseases and the development of atherosclerosis. The thyroid hormone is also responsible for the proper functioning of the nervous system and so on. Therefore, the thyroid gland - this small organ - has a huge effect on the entire body as a whole, and for its normal functioning, a sufficient amount of iodine is needed.
Diagnosis of hypothyroidism
Before treating the thyroid gland with iodine, you need to make sure that it is really necessary. To do this, you need to contact an endocrinologist and undergo diagnostics. How to check your thyroid gland at home? It is not recommended to diagnose yourself on your own, since the clinical picture in this case is not a decisive moment. But, if the following symptoms occur, you can suspect the presence of a disease, and check the thyroid gland in a clinic:
- chronic fatigue;
- hair loss;
- obesity;
- puffiness of the eyes;
- hoarseness in voice;
- neuropsychiatric disorders;
- manifestations of cardiovascular diseases;
- disturbances in the digestive process;
- reproductive disorders;
- dry skin;
- decreased memory.
To make sure that you have hypothyroidism, you will need a blood test for thyroid hormones.
In addition, instrumental diagnostics are also required:
- histology and cytology;
- scintigraphy.
Hypothyroidism treatment
If the doctor has decided on the need for drug treatment, you should not refuse it. This means that the pathology is progressing and it is impossible to solve the problem simply by changing the diet. But at the same time, you can use folk remedies and iodine as an additional therapy.
Important! The doctor must definitely know that you will be carrying out iodine procedures, in which case he may change the dosage of the prescribed drugs. The fact is that an excess of iodine can also become a big problem and cause other pathologies of the gland.
Iodine treatment
As already mentioned, iodine in the thyroid gland is extremely important. How to treat the thyroid gland with iodine? First you need to find out how much iodine you need. The check is carried out as follows: before going to bed, an iodine mesh is applied to the right forearm. Swipe the first strip lightly, literally touching the skin lightly, the second strip should be darker, and the third the most intense. In the morning, you need to analyze the result. Which stripes have disappeared?
If the forearm is clean and there is not even a trace of iodine on it, then iodine therapy should be carried out with such an intense color with which the third strip was drawn. If a trace of the darkest strip is present on the skin, then you can use the intensity of the second strip. If only the first weak flat is left on the skin, then you will be making a mesh of weak intensity in the future. If all three strips remain - you don't have to worry - there is enough iodine in your body and there is no need to replenish it.
Where can iodine be smeared? Only hands and feet can be smeared with iodine. That is, it is allowed to smear the heels with iodine, since from such therapy, in addition to replenishing iodine, the condition of the skin of the heels improves. In addition, the heel area, as a rule, is not visible and you can not worry that the remaining iodine will give the body an unaesthetic appearance. Iodine can be applied to the lower leg or forearm, but iodine cannot be applied to the thyroid gland. The course of iodine nets should not exceed a week. Then you need a break and a consultation with a doctor.
Breathing in iodine vapors is another way to introduce some iodine into the body. The vapors of undiluted iodine are quite concentrated and can cause burns, therefore, with iodine inhalation, iodine must be diluted with water.
Such procedures will have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the thyroid gland, however, it can be dangerous to use them without the supervision of a doctor. Of course, iodine is closely related to the thyroid gland, but its excess is also bad. That is why it is necessary to closely monitor the condition of the gland during iodine therapy, and only a doctor can do this in a qualified manner.
Radioactive iodine treatment
Most often, such treatment is prescribed to patients who have undergone surgery on the thyroid gland. The essence of the method is as follows. As soon as radioactive iodine enters the human body, it begins to affect the thyroid cells - destroying both damaged and healthy cells. As a result, the thyroid gland stops the synthesis of hormones and hypothyroidism develops - in this case, this is the expected effect of therapy.
This is necessary for the following diseases:
- toxic goiter;
- oncology of the gland;
- hyperthyroidism;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- postoperative condition.
Such treatment is carried out only with a doctor's prescription and only in stationary conditions. You need to prepare for the procedure:
- at least 4 days before treatment, cancel all medications taken;
- test the gland for the absorption of the drug;
- two weeks before the procedure, you must adhere to a diet.
Summarizing
Iodine is a vital element for the human body. Iodine can be obtained not only with the help of medicines and food, but also from the air. Therefore, people with iodine deficiency are advised to travel to the sea and breathe salty air.
However, we must not forget that an excess of iodine can be no less dangerous than its lack, therefore you should not mindlessly drink iodine-containing preparations and use a pharmacy alcoholic infusion of this substance to treat the thyroid gland. For everything, we need testimony that only a competent specialist can give.
Nutrition for thyroid disease in women
The normal activity of the gland largely depends on the quality of the food. If all people ate natural products, so many diseases simply would not exist! The phrase "we are what we eat" is well readable, but not perceived.
Poor nutrition, if not causing the disease, then aggravates. Therefore, a balanced diet, a diet for the thyroid gland of any sick person is part of the healing process. Some problems will go away enough to regulate the nutrition with the thyroid gland, and a healthy life will improve.
The thyroid gland synthesizes thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin - the main hormones that affect metabolism, the state of the nervous system, heart, kidneys, skeletal system, and the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. For the normal functioning of the endocrine organ, a small but stable intake of iodine into the body is required.
Endocrine organ pathologies may result from:
- insufficient synthesis of hormones - hypothyroidism;
- excessive synthesis - hyperthyroidism;
- organ inflammation - autoimmune thyroiditis;
- organ enlargement - endemic goiter.
Nutrition for thyroid disease should be strictly balanced, taking into account the individuality and subtleties of treating the problem.
In order to prevent the aggravation of existing problems, it is required to balance the diet in the thyroid diet, so that fats, proteins, carbohydrates are present to ensure the normal functioning of the body, so that the calorie content is within acceptable limits.
And most importantly, diet therapy should provide a sufficient intake of minerals and vitamins. Food should be satisfying, but not plentiful. Overeating with thyroid diseases is unacceptable.
Patients with hypothyroidism problems will need to make a diet with a reduced content of fats and carbohydrates, but at the same time the amount of protein needs to be increased, as well as fermented milk products. It is imperative to use products that activate the digestive organs, promote the removal of feces from the intestines: cereals with bran, fruits, vegetables, fresh berries.
Too fatty or salty foods are subject to an exception. Minimize or avoid eating foods that cause flatulence and add cholesterol plaques. You shouldn't drink a lot of fluids. Patients with hypothyroidism often experience disruptions in carotene metabolism, so you should be careful with the consumption of foods rich in vitamin A.
With endemic goiter, diet therapy involves dishes enriched with iodine and B vitamins. But their preparation should be gentle, therefore, the thyroid gland diet suggests eating boiled, stewed, baked, but not spicy with a small salt content. Liquid consumption should not exceed 1.5 liters.
For problems caused by autoimmune thyroiditis, it is necessary to strictly limit foods containing iodine. The food is recommended fractional with a break of three hours, without fasting.
In short, it is allowed, what is not prohibited. There are several directions for the development of organ pathologies, and each type requires compliance with certain nutritional characteristics. However, for all diseases, the diet for the thyroid gland must be fortified with vitamins.
Nutrition for hyperthyroidism requires iodine restriction. Therefore, the diet for such patients will be different. This pathology is characterized by an increased metabolism, that is, a lot of energy is used, an increased breakdown of fats and protein occurs. For this reason, weight loss and metabolic disturbances occur. Therefore, in this case, you need a different diet: high-calorie fortified with mineral content.
A diet for thyroid disease should contribute to recovery, restoration of immunity. Food is an integral part of the healing and recovery process. Therefore, diet therapy does not allow all foods to be consumed and recommends certain cooking methods.
Beneficial for Endocrine Organ Health:
- Fresh seafood is best.
- Simple familiar vegetables, fruits, berries can be used for salads, to diversify their taste with exotic fruits containing trace elements such as manganese, cobalt, selenium. You can cook dishes from different types of cabbage, pumpkin.
- You can prepare infusions or drinks, for example, from wild rose or from dandelion, its leaves, as well as its roots, are useful.
- It is better to eat raspberries and strawberries fresh.
- Herbal tea using bitter herbs.
- Ginseng, golden root, eleutherococcus and other medicinal plants are very useful.
- Vegetables such as celery, parsnips, and garlic can help cleanse the body of toxins.
- Sprouted cereal grains are considered biological stimulants, they are also antioxidants, normalize metabolism, cleanse the blood, and increase immunity.
- All kinds of nuts.
- Honey is useful, but no more than two tablespoons a day.
- Vegetable oils for salad dressing.
- You can use butter, but ghee 20 g per day.
- The porridge should be boiled in water, it can be supplemented with vegetables or fruits.
- Potatoes are best eaten baked, but very limited.
- Muesli with fruits, juices.
A small list of what you can't eat has been compiled:
- Refined foods such as sugar.
- Confectionery delights: cakes, pastries or sweets, cookies.
- Smoked meat and fish delicacies.
- Tea, cocoa, instant coffee.
- Fried foods should be excluded from the diet.
- Any canned vegetables, fruits, fish, meat products.
- Drinks containing alcohol.
- Condiments that provoke gastric secretion.
- Refined white flour products.
Nutrition for thyroid nodules is mainly aimed at using dishes from vegetables, fruits, berries. Diet therapy should help cope with iodine deficiency.
If the dietary option helps to restore the iodine balance, then gradually the nodes will begin to decrease and then disappear. In addition to iodine, trace elements are required, for example, cobalt or zinc, selenium.
The node diet recommends eating foods:
- Seafood as well as sea fish.
- Drink herbal infusions on medicinal herbs such as wormwood, yarrow.
- Boiled porridge can be combined with fresh or dried fruit or nuts.
- A variety of vegetable dishes such as raw salads and stews: stews, boiled vegetable soups.
- The following vegetables are preferable: eggplants, ordinary zucchini, green peas, beets, onions.
- You can't do without nuts.
- Overeat.
- Starve.
- Exhaust the body with diets.
The latter problems are common in women.
A balanced diet takes into account all the needs of the body. To live a full life requires a healthy thyroid gland, and diet helps create normal conditions for it.
This remedy will be discussed below. We will also tell you about what varieties of the mentioned drug exist, for what purposes they are used, and so on.
Iodine solution: instructions for use
Iodine has antimicrobial properties. This drug is characterized by a pronounced local irritant effect. At high concentrations, it has a cauterizing effect.
Local use of iodine is due to its ability to precipitate tissue proteins. In case of insufficiency, the synthesis of thyroid hormones is disrupted. In atherosclerosis, they cause a slight decrease in the concentration of beta-lipoproteins and cholesterol in the blood.
What other properties does elemental iodine have? Instructions for use inform that this agent is capable of increasing the lipoproteinase and fibrinolytic activity of blood serum, as well as slowing down the rate of its coagulation.
Application methods
How should iodine be used? The instructions for use state that the damaged areas of the skin are very often treated with an alcohol solution.
For oral administration, the dosage of this agent is set individually, depending on the patient's age and indications.
Locally, this drug is used to flush supratonsillar spaces and lacunae. The procedures are carried out 4-5 times at intervals of 2-3 days.
In order to irrigate the nasopharynx, iodine solution is prescribed 2-3 times a week for 3 months.
For washing and instillation in the ear, this agent is used for 2-4 weeks. In case of burns and in surgical practice, gauze wipes are moistened with iodine and applied to the affected surface.
"Iodine-active": instructions for use
Experts say that iodine in the composition of the drug "Iodine-active" is well absorbed when there is a deficiency of this element in the body, and in case of excess, it is quickly excreted, bypassing the thyroid gland. This effect is due to the fact that iodine is able to be cleaved from milk protein under the influence of liver enzymes produced when it is deficient. When there is too much iodine in the human body, enzymes are not produced. Thus, "Iodine-active", the instructions for the use of which are presented below, is excreted without being absorbed into the blood.
Composition, form, indications, contraindications
Iodine-Asset goes on sale in the form of tablets. It contains skimmed milk powder, lactose monohydrate and iodcasein.
This drug is prescribed for iodine deficiency, as well as in order to reduce the risk of developing diseases that are associated with a lack of this element. It is prohibited to take "Iodine-active" in case of individual intolerance to its components.
Dosage
In what dosage is “Iodine-active” prescribed? The instructions for use inform that this drug should be taken by adults and adolescents over 14 years old, 1-2 tablets with meals (once a day).
Antiseptic preparation "Povidone-iodine"
What components does Povidone-iodine contain? The instructions for use state that its active ingredient is povidone iodine. As additional components, glycerin, novoxinol, citric acid, sodium hydroxide, disodium hydrogen phosphate 12-hydrate, water demineralized and macragol are used.
This product is produced in the form of a 10% or 7.5% solution for external use with the formation of foam, as well as in the form of suppositories, ointments and concentrates for preparing solutions.
Indications for use
Indications of the drug "Povidone-iodine" depend on the form of its release. It is used for burns, infectious wounds, abrasions, bedsores, dermatitis, trophic ulcers, bad breath, fungal skin infections, in gynecological practice, etc. Also, this medication is used as a disinfectant.
Application methods
How should I use Povidone Iodine? Instructions for use states that this drug is intended for washing and lubricating infected areas of mucous membranes and skin. If required, use gauze dressings soaked in
If the medication is intended for drainage systems, then it must be diluted with water.
Suppositories "Povidone-iodine" are used deeply, intravaginally. The dosage, scheme and duration of use are established only by a doctor.
The drug "Potassium iodide"
In what form is it produced? The instruction for use states that manufacturers release this product in the form of tablets, drops and solution. This medication is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and in the development of endemic goiter. It is also often prescribed in preparation for surgical interventions in patients with severe thyrotoxicosis.
Potassium iodine is used to prevent diseases of the thyroid gland affected by radiation. It is used as an adjuvant in the treatment of syphilis.
Drug dosage
The drug "Potassium iodide" is taken orally in the form of tablets and solutions. The medication must be washed down with sweet tea, milk or jelly in order to prevent irritation of the digestive tract.
Patients with endemic goiter are prescribed 0.04 g of the drug once a week. With diffuse goiter, the medication is also used in an amount of 0.04 g, but three times a day. After that, the dosage is changed: 0.125 g twice a day. The duration of treatment for such diseases is 20 days.
To thin the sputum, doctors prescribe a 1-3% solution of potassium iodide. In this case, the drug should be taken 3 large spoons three times a day.
Monochloride iodine
How it works Instructions for use informs that it is an antiseptic drug that has an antimicrobial effect against many gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, including mycobacterium tuberculosis, fungi and viruses. It is also highly effective against the eggs of a number of helminths, spores of anaerobic bacteria and coccidial oocysts.
Vapors of the undiluted preparation cause quite severe irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, opacity of the cornea of the eyes and conjunctivitis. With prolonged exposure to the skin, iodine monochloride causes ulceration and burns.
What is it used for?
Iodine monochloride is used for:
- aerosol treatment of air in poultry and livestock buildings;
- forced and preventive disinfection of surfaces of poultry and livestock buildings, as well as technological equipment located in them, auxiliary facilities and inventory;
- treating animals that have been affected by ringworm;
- processing of the udder of cows.
Application
How should iodine monochloride be used? The instructions for use state that disinfection with this agent is carried out by fine-drop irrigation using spray equipment.
For the treatment of animals that are sick with ringworm, the affected areas of the skin are treated with a 10% aqueous solution. The drug is applied in small portions using a cotton-gauze swab or brush, and then rubbed thoroughly. It is advisable to carry out this procedure in the open air or in a well-ventilated area.
For treatment (antiseptic) after milking, a 0.5% solution of iodine monochloride is used, which is applied with a spray.
Blue iodine
In addition to its antiseptic effect, blue iodine has irritating as well as some toxic effects.
There are quite a few areas where this type of drug is used.
A solution of blue iodine is used to fight diseases such as:
- dysentery, respiratory inflammation, acne, alcohol intoxication, colitis, hepatitis;
- flatulence, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, bronchitis, hemorrhoids, ulcers and wounds on the skin, tuberculosis, various burns;
- periodontal disease, food poisoning, dysbiosis, deterioration of the pancreas, chlamydia, intestinal or stomach ulcer;
- salmonellosis, hyperexcitability, trichomoniasis, ulcerative erosion in the mouth, iodine deficiency, decreased intellectual activity, fungal infections;
- gynecological diseases, hormonal imbalance, alveolitis, immune pathologies, stomatitis;
- vascular atherosclerosis, treelike and disc keratitis, pustular skin lesions, tonsillitis, mastitis.
Usage
How is blue iodine used? The instructions for use inform that as a prophylactic agent it is necessary to drink 4 dessert spoons, after adding it to 200 ml of ordinary water. It is enough to perform this procedure twice a day for 3 months.
If necessary, the dose of the drug can be increased.
In order to improve the taste, the product may be mixed with non-acidic natural juices or warm green tea.
Contraindications to the use of blue iodine
It is forbidden to use this additive in the following cases:
- when taking thyroxine;
- with hypotension or using drugs that lower blood pressure;
- with complete or partial removal of thyroid tissue;
- the beginning of the menstrual cycle;
- thrombophlebitis;
- oncological diseases;
- autoimmune disorders.
Everyone has ever used an alcoholic solution of iodine, some are familiar with it from chemistry lessons. Someone faced a lack of iodine in the body, while others confuse it with brilliant green. In this article, we have collected answers to the most frequently asked questions about iodine, we hope it will come in handy!
When and by whom was iodine discovered
The chemical element "Iodine" was added to the periodic table in 1871.Like many chemical elements, iodine was discovered by chance in 1811 by the Frenchman Bernard Courtois while obtaining saltpeter from seaweed. As a chemical element, the substance was named "iodine" two years later, and the official entry into the periodic table - in 1871.
From what and how is iodine obtained?
Pure iodine (free form) is extremely rare - mainly in Japan and Chile. The main production is made from seaweed (get 5 kg from 1 ton of dry kelp), sea water (up to 30 mg from a ton of water) or from oil drilling waters (up to 70 mg from a ton of water). There is a method of obtaining technical iodine from waste products of saltpeter and ash, but the content of the substance in the starting materials is no more than 0.4%.
The method of obtaining iodine has two directions.
- The seaweed ash is mixed with concentrated sulfuric acid and heated. After evaporation of moisture, iodine is obtained.
- Iodine in liquids (sea or lake salt water, oil water) is combined with starch, or silver and copper salts, or kerosene (an outdated method, since it is expensive) into insoluble compounds, and then the water is evaporated. Later, they began to use the coal method for extracting iodine.
How iodine affects the human body
Iodine and its derivatives are part of hormones that affect the metabolism of the human body, its growth and development, so the average person needs to consume up to 0.15 mg of iodine daily. The lack of iodine or its lack in the diet leads to thyroid diseases and the development of endemic goiter, hypothyroidism and cretinism.
An indicator of iodine deficiency in the body is fatigue and depressed mood, headache and so-called "natural laziness", irritability and nervousness, weakening of memory and intelligence. Arrhythmia, high blood pressure and a drop in the level of hemoglobin in the blood appear. It is very toxic - 3 g of the substance is a lethal dose for any living organism.
In large quantities, it causes damage to the cardiovascular system, kidneys and pulmonary edema; there is a cough and a runny nose, watery eyes and pain in the eyes (if it gets on the mucous membrane); general weakness and fever, vomiting and diarrhea, increased heart rate and pain.
How to replenish iodine in the body?
- The main source of natural iodine is seafood, but obtained as far as possible from the coast: in the coastal strips, iodine is washed out of the soil, and its content in the products is insignificant. Eat seafood - this can restore the content of the substance in the body to a certain extent.
- You can artificially add iodine to food salt, eat foods containing this trace element - sunflower oil, food additives.
- In pharmacies, tablets with a high iodine content are sold - relatively harmless drugs (for example, iodine-active, antistramine).
- A lot of iodine is found in persimmons and walnuts.
Where is iodine found?
Iodine is present almost everywhere. The highest iodine content is found in products of marine origin, in the sea water itself and in salty lake water.
In free form - as a mineral - iodine is present in thermal springs of volcanoes and natural iodides (lautarite, iodo-bromite, embolite, myersite). It is contained in oil drilling waters, solutions of sodium nitrate, lye of nitrate and potash production.
What foods contain iodine
In seafood: fish (cod and halibut) and fish oil, crustaceans and shellfish (scallops, crabs, shrimps, squid, oysters, mussels), seaweed. This is followed by dairy products and chicken eggs, feijoa and persimmons, bell peppers, peels and kernels of walnuts, black grapes, cereals (buckwheat, corn, wheat, millet), river fish and red beans. Iodine is found in orange and red juices.
There is even less iodine in soy products (milk, sauce, tofu), onions, garlic, beets, potatoes, carrots, beans, strawberries (about 40-100 times less than in seaweed), but it is there.
What foods do not contain iodine
Iodine is not found in baked goods (homemade) that use regular salt without iodine, peeled potatoes, unsalted vegetables (raw and frozen), peanuts, almonds, and egg whites. There is practically no iodine in cereals that are poor in natural salts; pasta, cocoa powder, white raisins, and dark chocolate. This applies to vegetable oils, including soybean oils.
Almost all known seasonings in dried form (black pepper, herbs) also do not have iodine-containing components - iodine quickly decomposes in the open air (evaporates), which is why iodized salt is usable for only 2 months (if the pack is open).
Carbonated drinks - Coca Cola and its derivatives, wine, black coffee, beer, lemonade - all of this also does not contain iodine.
Linen fabrics:
Option 1. Cover the stain with baking soda, pour vinegar on top and leave for 12 hours, and then wash in warm clean water.
Option 2. Dissolve a teaspoon of ammonia in 0.5 l of water, and wipe the stain with the resulting solution. Next, wash in warm soapy water.
Option 3. A thick gruel of starch is made in water, applied to the stain and the stain is expected to turn blue. Repeat if necessary and wash in warm soapy water.
Option 4. Rub the stain with raw potatoes and wash in warm, soapy water.
Option 5. You can wipe the stain with liquid ascorbic acid (or dissolve the tablet in water), and then wash it in soap and water.
Woolen, cotton and silk fabrics:
The stain must be wiped with a hyposulfite solution (a teaspoon in a glass of water) and washed in warm water. You can wipe the stain with ammonia and wash in the usual way.
How to wash iodine from skin
There are several options:
- Olive oil or a greasy cream is applied to the skin to absorb iodine. After an hour, the iodine is washed off with a body sponge and soap.
- They take a bath with sea salt, and at the end they use a washcloth and baby (household - in extreme cases) soap.
- You can use a scrub for delicate skin instead of a washcloth, and the place with the stain should be massaged. After that, you can lubricate the skin with a nourishing cream or milk.
- You can apply cotton wool with alcohol, moonshine or vodka to the stain for 5 minutes, and then rub. The procedure can be repeated several times.
- Removes iodine stains by hand washing clothes or using a regular bath with powder or lemon juice.
How to gargle with iodine
The method is quite simple - you need to add a few drops of iodine to a glass of warm water until a light brown solution is obtained. But the effect will be better and stronger if you add a teaspoon of baking soda and table salt to the water. The method has proven itself in the treatment of purulent tonsillitis and chronic tonsillitis. The procedure can be repeated 3-4 times a day (for purulent sore throat - every 4 hours) for 4 days.
With an alcoholic solution of iodine, it is impossible to lubricate the throat with angina, as, for example, with Iodinol. Otherwise, you will simply burn the mucous membrane.
How to make an iodine mesh, how often can you make an iodine mesh
You need to take a thin stick with a cotton swab, moisten it in a 5% alcohol solution of iodine and draw intersecting horizontal and vertical stripes on the skin in the form of a plate with 1x1cm squares. This is the ideal geometry for uniform distribution of iodine: it is absorbed quickly and efficiently.
It can be done only two to three times during the week for any disease.
At what age can iodine be smeared
Doctors do not recommend smearing the skin with iodine even in adolescence - iodine burns the skin. But the iodine grid (one-time) can be done from the age of five. But there is a more "advanced" and safer version of iodine that can be used and.
Why is iodine in the periodic table, but not brilliant green?
Because brilliant green is a synthetic antiseptic, aniline dye. Only chemical elements and compounds that exist in nature in pure form are included in the periodic table.
Iodized salt should be substituted for ordinary salt for people living in regions of iodine deficiency. Because such salt helps to restore balance in case of iodine deficiency in the human body, it is the prevention of iodine deficiency diseases in children, pregnant and lactating women, adolescents. Salt with iodine helps to prevent the absorption of the radioactive components of iodine by the thyroid gland and protects against radiation, inflammation and disease.
How iodized salt is made
Iodine is added to sea or lake salt water at a certain concentration, mixed with water and only then evaporated.
Pauline I heard that pregnant women should not use iodine. It's true? I just treat my nails with iodine, and I often apply this remedy to wounds ...Iodine during pregnancy plays an important role, directly affecting the development of the fetus. With a lack of this element in the mother's body, a number of complications and pathologies may develop in the unborn baby. Therefore, all pregnant women are shown to take iodine preparations inside.
As for the external use of iodine, it is used as an antiseptic that heals wounds, small cuts and other skin lesions. Often, an alcoholic solution of iodine is also used to treat fungal diseases on the nails. However, it should be noted that this seemingly harmless remedy can harm the fetus. With individual intolerance to iodine, including hypersensitivity to the substance, it is dangerous to use an alcohol solution during pregnancy. Also, you cannot treat the skin with this drug for acne and boils, for allergies and diathesis, urticaria. Contraindications to the use of an alcoholic solution of iodine are diseases of the endocrine and urinary systems, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, in order to avoid negative reactions and complications, the expectant mother should use iodine preparations externally with caution, and preferably as directed by a doctor.
We draw your attention to the fact that this preparation is used to lubricate only the edges of the wounds, and not the entire surface of the skin. If iodine is applied to the wound area, it can irritate the skin.
Side effects of the drug include edema of the mucous membranes, bronchospasm. Iodine overdose can cause skin irritation and burns. Inhalation of iodine vapors in pregnant women can damage the respiratory system. If you use an alcoholic preparation of iodine inside, then this is fraught with the development of injuries of the digestive tract.
Pregnant women are advised to use iodine externally with caution and only as directed by a doctor due to possible overdose and complications that negatively affect the health of the mother and fetus. In other words, it is better to smear the skin and nails with iodine after consulting a specialist.
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