Municipal budget educational institution
"Savelyevskaya average comprehensive school
named after Musa Danilbekovich Gazimagamadov"
Naursky municipal district
Chechen Republic
Topic: Relief and minerals of South America
7 "A" class
Teacher: Gumakaeva A.R.
Topic: “Relief and minerals of South America”
Goals and objectives of the lesson:
Form an idea of the tectonic structure, relief and minerals. Identifying relationships between buildings earth's crust, relief and minerals of South America.
Developmental
Development of cognitive interest among students, their creativity, improving work with maps. Practice the ability to analyze source data and draw conclusions. Activation cognitive activity students, more developed interest in the subject, geographical thinking, logic, attention.
Educational:
To instill in students a sense of love and respect for nature, the ability to see the beauty of the world around them, to cultivate an ecological culture, and to carefully work with sources of geographical knowledge.
Equipment: Physical map of South America, wall map of the world, multimedia installation, textbook, atlas, contour maps, presentation “Relief of South America”.
During the classes.
Organizing time.
Each geography lesson is another step on your ladder of knowledge. This is another step in climbing to the pinnacle of knowledge. And the more such steps you take in your life, the higher your intellectual level.
Therefore, I want to start the lesson with the legend of the leader of one of the tribes, who sent young men to the top of Aconcagua. The highest point in South America.
“Go while you have enough strength. Whoever gets tired, let him return home. But let everyone bring me a branch from the place where he turned off the road,” said the leader. Soon the first one returned from the road and handed over a cactus leaf. The leader grinned: “You haven’t even been to the foot of the mountain.” To the second, who brought a silver branch of wormwood, the leader said: “You were at the foot, but did not even try to start climbing.” The third with a poplar branch earned praise: “You reached the spring.” There was similar encouragement for the fourth. The last young man came empty-handed. But his face shone with joy. He explained that he had been where trees did not grow, but he had seen the sparkling sea. The leader not only believed him, but also paid the greatest tribute of recognition: “You don’t need a symbolic branch. Victory shines in your eyes, sounds in your voice. This is one of the peaks of your life. You saw the mountain in all its grandeur.”
Each of you can leave class today with the same shining eyes. With a feeling of victory of learning something new. But your lunch requires your attention and hard work...
Homework survey.
Test-Bluff 3 minutes - mutual check.
Questions for frontal surveys of paragraphs:
Name the features geographical location South America about the plan:
How is the continent located relative to the equator, prime meridian, tropics, polar circles?
Name extreme points mainland.
In what climatic zones lies South America?
What seas and oceans is the continent washed by?
How is the continent located relative to other continents?
Who is the discoverer of the continent?
Second discoverer of South America.
Who discovered South America?
Why was it called America?
Motivation.
We remembered the material from previous lessons. Today we will continue to study South America, but in order to determine the topic of the lesson, listen to the following lines:
You need to look at the map
The mountains there are called the Andes,
In translation this firmament.
The word means copper.
Here in the old days,
The earth caved in
And the other one, unwillingly,
It turned into a plateau.
Where is it comfortable, without problems?
Lima, Quito or Belen?
To stay in the east,
What do you think we'll talk about today?
Pupils: About the relief of South America and its features.
Teacher: That’s right, the topic of the lesson: “Relief and minerals of South America.” The Lost World.
Teacher: What do you know about the topography of the mainland? Record this in your tables. (Students fill out the first column of the table). (Slide 3)
The Andes in the west, the highest point of Mount Aconcagua, the flat east, etc. How the relief of the continent was formed, what is the geological structure of the continent and what minerals are confined to this or that form of relief, etc.
“Now I will ask you to fill out column 3 of our table and write that you would like to know about the topography of South America?”
Students fill out column 3. Once completed, the entries are briefly discussed.
Learning new material.
Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with the relief of South America, find out the patterns of distribution of landforms and minerals on the continent, build a chain of cause-and-effect relationships between the relief, minerals and the internal structure of the continent. (Slide 4)
Teacher: Let's remember the material from previous lessons
§ What is relief; (a set of irregularities on land, the bottom of oceans and seas, varied in outline, size, origin, age and history of development).
§ What basic landforms do you know? (Plains and mountains)
§ What types of plains are divided into according to height; (lowlands - 200 m,
Hills - up to 500 m, plateaus - above 500 m,)
§ What is a platform; (vast, sedentary areas of the earth’s crust are the most stable blocks that create its solid frame)
§ What part of the earth’s crust is the boundary region between lithospheric plates (seismic belt).
§ What happens on the seismic belt? (earthquakes and volcanic eruptions)
§ What groups are minerals divided into by origin? (sedimentary, igneous)
In order to study in more detail the structure of the earth's crust and the relief of South America, we need to work with maps.
Group work:
1. Identify the pattern of relief placement on the mainland (mountains in the west, plains in the east)
2. What reasons can explain the location of the mountains in the west and the plains in the east. Different tectonic structure (in the west the folded region is Cenozoic, and in the east the platform is South American)
3. On what lithospheric plate is South America located? (South American)
4.What lithospheric plates does it border on? (Antarctic, African, North American, Pacific)
5. What happens at the boundary of lithospheric plates in the west of the continent? (continental and oceanic plates collide)
6. What forms of relief are distinguished on the mainland? (mountains, lowlands, plateaus)
7. In what part of the continent are the plains located? Name and show them on the map. (East of the mainland. Amazonian lowland, La Plata lowland, Brazilian and Guiana plateau)
8. Where on the mainland are the mountains located? Name and show them on the map. (West to the mainland. Andes.)
Based on the identified knowledge, fill out the diagram and draw a conclusion (Slide 6)
Conclusion: the placement of the main landforms depends on internal structure earth's crust.(slide 7)
Students draw landforms on a contour map (Slide 8)
Andes (Aconcagua, 6960m.)
Guiana Plateau
Brazilian plateau
Orinoco Lowland
Amazonian lowland
La Plata lowland
Teacher: We have found out that the topography of South America is heterogeneous. The west is mountainous, the east is flat.
Let's dwell a little on the Andes. (Andes video 2 minutes.)
Student message (Slide 9-10). The name Andes from anta in the Incan language means copper, copper mountains. The Andes are the longest mountain range in the world, 9000 km. Aconcagua is the highest extinct volcano - Highest point South America, western and southern hemispheres.
The origin of the name of the mountain is not exactly known; the existing ones derive it from Araucanian (on the other side of the Aconcagua River) or from Akon Gahuk, which means “Stone Guardian” in the Quechua language.
The mountain arose from the collision of tectonic plates. The powerful Andes mountain system forms part of the Pacific “Ring of Fire”: there are many volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. (Slide 11)
Minerals. (Slide 12)
Name what minerals different parts of the continent are rich in. Which group of origin do they belong to?
Think about what the distribution of minerals on the continent depends on (the geological structure).
Assignment: Using atlas maps, write down the minerals characteristic of different parts South America.(Slide 13)
Students check the diagram.Slad 14)
6. Consolidation
You and I have learned a lot about the topography of South America.
Let's summarize the accumulated information (Slide 15)
South America has a varied topography because...(it has a complex tectonic structure in the west - Cenozoic folding - mountains, and in the east - the South American Platform)
The Andes are young mountains because…..(Cenozoic folding is the youngest)
Present on the mainland different kinds minerals because. that .... (different tectonic structure. The platforms correspond to minerals of sedimentary origin, and the folded areas - of igneous origin)
Test (Slide 16)
1.Highest point of the Andes:
A) the city of Chimborazo;
B) Aconcagua;
B) Illampu
2. The east of the mainland is located on:
A) ancient platform
B) young platform
B) the boundary of lithospheric plates
3.The Andes Mountains extend to:
4.The continuation of gas formation in the Andes is evidenced by:
A) their length
B) frequent earthquakes
B) glaciations
5.The Andes were formed on:
A)platform
B) the boundary of lithospheric plates
B) mainland region.
6. South America contains the greatest plain in the world:
A) Orinoco
B) Brazilian
B) Amazonian
Students check the test (Slide 17)
Now let's go back to our table and fill in the middle column. (Slide 18)
| I want to know |
||
Relaxation:
Teacher: Let's sit in silence for a minute. and mentally remember our entire lesson. Close let's go through our eyes the largest plain in the world and slowly climb up to the largest plain in the world and slowly climb up to the highest peak in South America - Mount Aconcagua.
Find your place on the ladder of success at the end of the lesson. Attach emoticons.
8. Homework(Slide 19)
Paragraph 41. k/k – all students in the class.
1Easy questions.
2) More difficult questions.
Create a crossword puzzle on the topic “Relief and minerals of South America.”
Goals and objectives of the lesson:
- Study the features of the land surface and the patterns of distribution of minerals.
- Continue to develop the ability to establish cause-and-effect relationships and compare geographic maps.
- Develop curiosity.
Lesson equipment:
physical map of the hemispheres; map “Structures of the Earth’s Crust”; paintings "Andes"; "Brazilian Plateau"; multimedia;
Lesson type: Lesson - Research
Lesson Methods: verbal; problem-search; independent work;
During the classes:
Organizing students for class.
Testing and assessing knowledge.
Find me game.
Write on the board:
Dictation sequence:
- Narrow winding strait
- Canal connecting two oceans
- The ocean washing the eastern shores
- A traveler who made several voyages to the shores of South America
- Ocean washing western shores South America
- Sea in the north of South America
- The traveler whose continent is named after
- An island in the south of the mainland.
Check: Option 1 - 4,8,2,6,3,1,7,5
Option 2 - 5,1,7,3,6,8,2,4
Learning new material.
The continent of South America is the continent of records.
Let's name the records....?
The wettest, ... etc. (students name continental records)
Now let's move on to exploring the surface of the continent.
Working with atlases and physical materials. card.
Name and show the landforms of the continent?
What can be said about the western part of the mainland?
What can be said about the eastern part of the mainland?
What continents is South America similar in shape to?
Conclusion: ( students do)
The relief of South America is varied. The longest mountain range stretches here ANDES
With highest peak G. ACONCAGUA,
greatest lowland AMAZONIAN
, it is also called by locals THE DEVIL'S SWAMP,
vast highlands GUIANA AND BRAZILIAN,
numerous active and extinct volcanoes LULLALLACO
,SAN PEDRO, CHIMBORAZO
a high-mountain lake was lost between the chains of mountains TITICACA,
in the river valley Parana – LA PLATA LOWLANDS
, and in the north, in the river valley. Orinoco- ORINOC LOWLANDS.
Working with maps (tectonic, physical). Work in notebooks.
Now let's start exploring the mainland. Let's cut the continent like a pie and see what's inside.
In notebooks we will make a schematic profile of South America along 8 S.N. 7000 m Andes.
Explore the route from Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic.
From the Pacific coast, the Andes mountains stand like a wall on our way.
Picture of the Andes mountains.
- determine how old these mountains are?
- what lies at the base of the Andes mountains?
- is evidenced by the presence of numerous active and extinct volcanoes?
- (student's story about the volcanic eruption in Chile in 1960)
- children reading an article in a textbook p. 149 (observation of the eruption of the A. Humboldt volcano).
- What minerals are the mountains rich in?
- determine the height of the lowland
- What lies at the base of the lowland?
- what minerals are found?
Conclusion: low-lying areas lie in the deflections of the platform. They are composed of sedimentary rocks. These areas are convenient for building cities, railways, agriculture.
We continue moving towards the Atlantic Ocean.
Painting "Brazilian Highlands"
- what's going on with the platform?
Conclusion: the outcrop of the ancient platform forms a crystalline shield at the base of the Brazilian and Guiana plateau. This is the result of the interaction of two lithospheric plates - oceanic and continental.
- mark minerals
We explored the surface of the continent and learned the features of the relief.
Analysis: What have you learned from your exploration of South America?
- What two parts can be distinguished in the relief of the continent?
- What processes shape the west of the continent?
- What platform does the continent lie on?
- What landforms correspond to stable areas of the platform?
- Where are the moving parts of the earth's crust located?
- What landforms correspond to them?
- How were they formed?
- What lowlands lie in the troughs of the platform?
- What types of rocks are they made of?
Working with contour maps
- label the landforms of south america
- use symbols to indicate minerals
- Use stars to mark volcanoes
Game to consolidate knowledge: “Mark the correct answer...”
Students receive stars. A question is written on one ray, answer options are on the others. You need to choose the correct answer .
Bottom line.
Students reflect on their activities.
Analyze the results, the degree of participation in the work of other students.
What did the students do during the lesson?
What did the teacher do?
Ratings. Homework
Literature:
- Textbook Geography of continents and oceans V.A. Korinskaya
- Lesson plans for the textbook by V.A. Korinskaya
- Entertaining geography compiled by G.N. Yakush
Date of: 14.01.15.
Subject: Relief and minerals.
Target:
Educational: form an idea of the relief forms and geography of the distribution of minerals of the South American continent;
Developmental: develop the ability to work with a textbook, physical map, draw conclusions, analyze;
Educational: nurturing cognitive interest, nurturing independence.
Lesson type: combined.
During the classes.
Organizing time.
Homework survey
Working with tables.
Determine which continent each statement refers to, put it in the desired cell"+" sign.
| Name of the continent | Question numbers |
|||||||||
| South America | ||||||||||
1) Most of the continent lies in southern hemisphere.
2) In the west it is washed by waters Atlantic Ocean.
3) Relative to the prime meridian, the continent is located in the western hemisphere.
4) The hottest continent on Earth, because. his most of located between the tropics.
5) The area of the continent is about 30 thousand km. sq.
6) The northernmost point is Cape Galinas.
7) It is washed by the Pacific Ocean in the west.
8) In the north it borders with Eurasia.
9) The name of the mainland comes from the name of the Berber tribe that once lived in the north of the mainland.
10) In the south of the continent is the widest of all the straits on Earth.
Updating knowledge and skills: what do we call relief? What kind of relief is typical for Yu.A?
Learning new material
1) Introductory conversation.
Prepare a map of the atlas “Structure of the Earth’s Crust”, pp. 4-5. Why do we start our study of the relief with this map?
What is relief? Name the major landforms.
2) Analysis of the map “Structure of the Earth’s Crust”:
What lithospheric plate lies at the base of the continent? (South American);
At what speed and in what direction does it move horizontally? (to the northwest, 2.3 cm/year);
What part of the continent is the mountain system in? (in the West);
Why did the Andes mountains arise? (as a result of the collision of lithospheric plates);
Why is the eastern part of the continent flat? What lies at its core?
How old are these mountains? (young mountains – an area of new folding);
What continent was South America part of in the distant past? (Gondwana).
3) Independent work.
Take a close look at the physical map of South America. Then, according to the plan on the board, write a description of the relief of South America (orally) - 5 minutes.
Plan for describing the relief of the territory.
1) What is the general nature of the surface?
2) How are the landforms located in the territory?
3)What is the greatest height? What heights predominate?
4) Analysis of the work performed.
5) Write in a notebook:
Relief of South America
Mountain West Plain East
6) A story about the relief.
The east of the mainland is flat. There are no active volcanoes here, and earthquakes are rare.
The large plains of South America - the Amazon, La Plata and Orinoco - occupy large areas. They lie in the deflections of the platform. Because The plains are low-lying and large river systems have formed on them. Which?
Large areas of the mainland are occupied by the Guiana and Brazilian plateaus. They often consist of several plateaus - areas with a flat surface, but limited from neighboring areas by distinct steep slopes.
The west of South America is mountainous. The Andes are the longest mountains on Earth. The highest point is the city of Aconcagua, 6960 m. The Andes are young mountains. They began to rise after the split of Gondwana, and are still growing. Numerous volcanoes, active and extinct, have formed along deep faults. The Andes volcanoes are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Earthquakes often occur and are accompanied by rockfalls, landslides, and avalanches.
The most powerful earthquake of the 20th century occurred in South America, in the country of Chile. It happened on May 29, 1960 on the Pacific Coast. As a result of this terrible seismic disaster, the city of Concepcion, which existed for more than 400 years, was completely destroyed, the cities of Valdivia, Puerto Montt and others were turned into ruins. About 10,000 people died, more than 2 million were injured and left homeless. One of distinctive features This catastrophic earthquake caused a rapid plunge of the main part of the coast below sea level.
“...It seemed incomprehensible,” wrote scientist G. Tagiyev, “that a huge strip of land 20-30 km wide and 500 km long could suddenly sink and that an area of 1.5 million hectares fell by almost 2 meters in just 10 seconds ..." Powerful tremors caused the birth of a colossal tsunami.
7) Conversation about the minerals of South America.
Do you know how the name of the Andes mountains is translated? According to one version, translated from the Incan language, “Andes” means copper, copper mountains. Copper deposits are found throughout the Andes.
In which part of the continent are igneous minerals concentrated, and in which sedimentary ones?
Look at the map, what other minerals are the Andes rich in? (molybdenum ores, tin, silver, aluminum, etc.)
What minerals are there? plain east mainland? (oil, gas, coal - in the troughs of the earth's crust, iron, manganese, nickel ores - on the plateaus).
4. Consolidation of the studied material.
Prepare cards of three colors: white - level 1, blue - level 2, red - level 3. Children choose their own cards and work individually.
Level 1:
Label the following objects on the contour map: Brazilian Plateau, Guiana Plateau, Amazonian Lowland, La Plata Lowland, Orinoco Lowland, Andes Mountains, Aconcagua.
Level 2:
Based on your plan, write a description of one of the landforms of South America.
1) In what part of the continent is the landform located?
2) In what direction does it stretch?
3) What are the approximate dimensions?
4) What are the highest altitudes, prevailing altitudes?
Level 3
Test "Relief of South America"
In terms of the structural features of the earth's crust, is South America most similar?
The location of the rise of the foundation of the South American platform in relief corresponds to:
Compared to Africa and Australia, the relief of South America is:
Around the same time as the Andes, the following were formed:
1.Cape Mountains
2. Great Watershed Range
3.Mountains of the Antarctic Peninsula
To Africa
To Australia
To Antarctica
The Andes Mountains were formed during folding:
The places where the foundation of the South American Platform subsided in relief correspond to:
The relief of South America is varied. Based on the nature of the geological structure and the features of the modern relief, South America is divided into two heterogeneous parts. The eastern part of the continent is the ancient South American Plate; western - the actively developing folded belt of the Andes. The raised sections of the platform - the shields - correspond in relief to the Brazilian and Guiana plateaus. The troughs of the South American platform correspond to gigantic lowland plains - the Amazonian, Orinoco, a system of internal plains (Gran Chaco plain, Laplata lowland), and the young Patagonian platform - the plains of Patagonia.
The Amazonian lowland is filled with marine and continental sediments. It was formed as a result of the activity of the Amazon River, as a result of the accumulation of sediment brought by the current. In the west, the lowland is very flat, the river valleys are weakly incised, the heights barely reach 150 m. Its northern and southern outskirts, underlain by crystalline shield rocks, are elevated and gradually turn into plateaus.
The Brazilian plateau is located in the east of the mainland. It represents protrusions of the crystalline foundation of the platform, between which there are troughs filled with sedimentary rocks and volcanic lavas. This is the largest rise within the platform. The Brazilian plateau has altitudes from 250-300 m in the north to 800-900 m in the southeast. The relief of the plateau is a relatively level surface, above which blocky massifs and plateaus rise.
In the north of the continent, the Guiana Plateau (300-400 m) is confined to the vast protrusion of the folded base of the platform. Its relief is dominated by stepped plateaus.
The vast plains and large areas of the plateaus of South America are convenient for life and economic activity population. (Show the largest lowlands and plateaus on the map and determine their maximum heights.)
The Andes are the longest mountain range on land, measuring 9,000 km. The Andes are one of the highest mountain systems in the world. In height it is second only to the Tibetan-Himalayan mountainous country. Twenty peaks of the Andes rise to a height of more than 6 thousand m. The highest of them is the city of Aconcagua (6960 m).
The formation of the Andes is the result of the interaction of two lithospheric plates, when the oceanic Nazca plate “sank” under the continental South American plate. At the same time, the edge of the continental plate folded into folds, forming mountains. Currently, mountain building continues. This is evidenced by the eruptions of numerous volcanoes and severe catastrophic earthquakes. Among large volcanoes we can note such as Chimborazo (6267 m), Cotopaxi (5897 m). West Coast occupied by the Andes belongs to the Pacific “Ring of Fire”.
The strongest in the world recorded at 11-12 points occurred in 1960 in Chile. In 2010, an earthquake in Chile claimed several hundred lives. Serious disasters occur in the Andes every 10-15 years.
The Andes mountain system consists of several meridianally elongated mountain ranges. Between the ranges lie internal plateaus and plateaus, ranging in height from 3500 to 4500 m.
Minerals of South America
The continent is rich in mineral resources. The richest deposits of iron and manganese ores are confined to the ancient shields of the South American Platform: the center and outskirts of the Brazilian Plateau, as well as the north of the Guiana Plateau. The largest iron ore mining area is Carazhas. In the northern part, on the outskirts of both plateaus, there are very large deposits of bauxite, a raw material for the aluminum industry. Bauxite occurs at shallow depths and is mined by open-pit mining.
In the Andes, ores of copper (Peru, Chile), tin (Bolivia), lead and zinc (Peru) have been explored. The foothills of the Andes, especially Venezuela and Colombia, are rich in oil and natural gas. Place of Birth coal less significant (Ecuador, Argentina). Many Andean countries are famous for mining precious stones. This primarily applies to emerald mining in Colombia. Of the precious metals in South America, the largest reserves of silver are in Peru. The Andes belt is also famous for some non-metallic minerals. Among them, saltpeter takes first place. The famous Chilean saltpeter and iodine are mined in the dried-up reservoirs of the Atacama.
The relief of South America is more diverse compared to Africa and Australia. The high Andes to the west separate the mainland from the Pacific Ocean. South America is characterized by active seismicity. South America is called the "storehouse of the world." The mainland is rich natural resources necessary for the development of many sectors of the economy.
In the relief of South America, as you already know, there is common features with Africa and Australia. Remember them and answer the following questions:
- What types of crust does the South American plate contain? In what direction is it moving? Why?
- How are folded mountain belts formed? Why do they lie on the outskirts of the southern continents?
The relief of South America is divided into two parts. The east is occupied by plains, and the Andes mountain ranges stretch to the west. How was the modern relief of the continent formed? How is it changing currently?
The flat-plate East is located on a platform.
The western part of the continent is the result of the interaction of two lithospheric plates. The oceanic plate moves under the continental plate and sinks into the mantle, forming a trench. The edge of the continental plate is folded. The formation of the Andes continues, frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. The most powerful movements occur every 10-15 years. The last destructive earthquakes occurred in the Andes in 1960, 1970, 1985. Earthquakes are the worst natural disasters for the peoples living in the Andes. They are usually associated with volcanic eruptions, as well as shaking of the seabed and the formation of tsunamis. In the mountains, earthquakes are accompanied by rockfalls, landslides, and avalanches. In May 1970, a snow and ice avalanche descended from the slopes of a mountain in the Peruvian Andes. An ordinary snow avalanche involved a 1.5 km long glacier, as well as blocks of rock, in its movement. Within a matter of seconds, the city, located almost 14 km from the foot of the mountain, was buried under a 10-meter layer of ice, snow and mud. 25 thousand people died there. This tragedy is compared to the death of the city of Pompeii.
The east of the continent does not have sharp fluctuations in elevation in its relief. Earthquakes are rare here and there are no active volcanoes. Long-term destruction of the platform and vertical movements led to the formation of the Brazilian and Guiana plateaus. Fractures in the earth's crust divided them into separate massifs. The relief of the plateaus is varied, the bizarre outlines of table mountains alternate with hilly spaces, they are replaced by low massifs, cut by gorges.
In the troughs of the platform lie low-lying plains - the Amazonian, Orinoco and La Plata. These are flat, often marshy spaces composed of sedimentary rocks. The plains of the mainland and areas of plateaus are convenient for agriculture, laying roads, and building cities.
The Andes form the longest mountain ranges on land. Their ridges sometimes diverge, sometimes come closer and form mountain nodes with the highest peaks, among which there are many extinct and active volcanoes. The tops of the mountains are covered with caps of eternal snow and glaciers. The highest point of the Andes and the entire Western Hemisphere - Mount Aconcagua rises to 6960 m. Between the mountain ranges of the Andes lie plateaus. Internal and external forces have created a great variety of mountain shapes. The faults created steep slopes. Weathering formed stone rivers at their feet - screes. Volcanoes are associated with faults. Their eruptions also affect the appearance of the mountains, which sometimes change right before our eyes. This is what A. Humboldt wrote in his diary, observing the volcanic eruption: “...immediately in one night the thick snow cover of the mountain disappeared, and the black-gray body of the mountain appeared before my eyes in all its nakedness; the fiery column of the ejected rain of slag rose to an enormous height with a dark red flame.”
South America is rich in mineral deposits. On the plateaus of the East there are deposits of iron, manganese ores, nickel, and deposits of bauxite containing aluminum. Oil, natural gas, and coal were found in the depressions and troughs of the platform.
The Andes are especially rich in non-ferrous and rare metals. The introduction of magma into sedimentary rocks led to the formation of the world's largest deposits of copper ores, as well as molybdenum, tin, silver, etc. The name of the mountains comes from the word “anta”, in the Inca language - “copper”.
- What processes shape the relief of the Eastern continent?
- How were the Andes formed?
- Explain the patterns of distribution of mineral deposits on the mainland.
- Compare the topography and minerals of South America and Africa. Draw a conclusion based on the comparison results.
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