Cell renewal cycles of the human body. Renewal of the human body: rhythms and cycles The body renews itself every 7 years

I say all the time that our body is magnificent and ingenious. What we only need is not to interfere with his work. And of course, do not feed him any poisonous muck.

Having given up poisons and starting to eat healthy food, after a while we will get a completely healthy body, unless, of course, we have not had any very serious diseases before. But my favorite scientists say that even serious illnesses can be significantly alleviated and cured over time by switching to proper nutrition.

So that's what I'm all about.

All cells of our body are constantly renewed, and we have, with some periodicity (each organ has its own period), completely new organs.

Leather: the fastest is the renewal of the outer layer of the skin in contact with the environment. The cells of the epidermis are renewed every 2-3 weeks. The deeper layers are a little slower, but on average, a full cycle of skin renewal occurs in 60-80 days. By the way, interesting information: the body produces about two billion new skin cells per year.

But then the question arises, why does a one-year-old child and a sixty-year-old man's skin look completely different. There is a lot that is not studied in our body, but it is still believed that the skin is aging due to the deterioration (over the years) in the production and renewal of collagen, with which this is still under study.

At the moment, it has only been established that factors such as improper and poor (lack of fats and lack of proteins) nutrition, as well as too aggressive environmental influences, are very significant.

They impair the production and quality of collagen. An excess of ultraviolet radiation also negatively affects skin regeneration. But, 20-30 minutes in the sun is considered a therapeutic dose that has a beneficial effect on many processes in the body, including skin renewal.

The cells of the epithelium covering the stomach and intestines come into contact with the most aggressive environment (gastric juices and enzymes that process food) and become thinner, food constantly passing through them. They are updated every 3-5 days!

The scheme of the structure of the mucous membrane of the tongue is very complex, and we will not go into details. The rate of renewal of the various cells that make up the mucous membrane of the tongue (receptors) is different. In simple terms, we can say that the cycle of renewal of these cells is 10-14 days.

Blood- the liquid on which our whole life depends. About half a trillion different blood cells die in the body of the average person every day. They must die in time for new ones to be born. In the body of a healthy person, the number of dead cells is equal to the number of newborns. Complete renewal of blood occurs within 120-150 days.

Bronchi and lungs they also come into contact with an aggressive environment, therefore they renew their cells relatively quickly. The outer cells of the lungs, which are the first layer of defense against aggressors, are renewed in 2-3 weeks. The rest of the cells, depending on their functions, are updated at different rates. But in general, the body needs a little less than a year to completely renew the lung tissues.

Alveoli of the bronchi updated every 11-12 months.

Hair grow on average by 1-2 cm per month. That is, after some time we have completely new hair, depending on the length.

The life cycle of eyelashes and eyebrows is 3-6 months.

Finger nails hands grow at a rate of 3-4 mm per month, the cycle of complete renewal is 6 months. On the toes, nails grow at a rate of 1-2 mm per month.

Liver, truly the most magical organ in our body. Not only does it cleanse us all our life of all that garbage that we put into our body, but it is also a champion of regeneration. It has been established that even with the loss of 75% of its cells (in case of surgery), the liver is able to recover completely, and after 2-4 months we have its full volume.

Moreover, at the age of up to 30-40 years, it regenerates volume even with interest - by 113%. With age, liver recovery occurs only 90-95%.

Complete renewal of liver cells occurs in 150-180 days... It has also been established that if one completely abandons poisonous products (chemicals, medicines, fried foods, sugar and alcohol), the liver independently and completely (!) Is cleared of harmful effects in 6-8 weeks.

Our health depends a lot on liver health. But even such a hardy organ as the liver, we (by trying) can kill. Large amounts of sugar or alcohol can cause irreversible effects in the liver in the form of cirrhosis.

Kidney and spleen cells updated every 300-500 days.

Skeleton our body produces hundreds of millions of new cells every day. It is constantly regenerating, and has both old and new cells in its structure. But the complete cellular renewal of the bone structure occurs in 7-10 years. With significant imbalances in nutrition, cells are produced much less and of inferior quality, and as a result, over the years, we have such a problem as osteoporosis.

Cells of all types of muscle tissue completely renewed in 15-16 years.

Heart, eyes and brain are still the least studied by scientists.

For a very long time, it was believed that the muscles of the heart are not renewed (unlike the rest of the muscle tissue), but recent discoveries have shown that this is a misconception, and the muscle tissue of the heart is renewed in the same way as the rest of the muscles.

The studies have just begun, however, according to preliminary data, it is known that complete renewal of heart muscles occurs approximately (there is no exact data yet) for 20 years. That is 3-4 times in an average life.

The mystery is still the fact that lens of the eye does not update at all, or rather, why the lens is not updated. Only the cells of the cornea of the eye are restored and renewed. The update cycle is fast enough - 7-10 days. In case of damage, the cornea is able to recover in just a day.

However, this does not negate the fact that lens cells are never renewed at all! The central part of the lens is formed in the sixth week of intrauterine development of the fetus. And for the rest of its life, new cells “grow” to the central part of the lens, which makes it thicker and less flexible, deteriorating the focusing quality over the years.

Brain- that's a riddle of riddles ...

The brain is the least studied organ in our body. Of course, this is associated with a number of objective factors. The brain of a living person is very difficult to study without harming it. Experiments on humans are prohibited in our country (at least officially). Therefore, studies are carried out on animals and terminally ill human volunteers, which is not at all equivalent to a healthy, normally functioning person.

Until recently, it was believed that brain cells never renew. In principle, things are still there. The brain, which controls our entire complex system called the organism, the brain, which gives signals for regeneration to all our organs, itself does not renew itself at all ... Hmm.

Back in the 60s of the last century, Joseph Altman discovered neurogenesis (the birth of new neurons) in the thalamus and cerebral cortex. The scientific world, as usual, reacted to this discovery very skeptically and forgot about it. In the mid-80s, this discovery was "rediscovered" by another scientist - Fernando Notteboom. And again silence.

But since the end of the 90s of the last century, full-scale studies of our brain have finally begun.

At the present moment (in the course of the latest research), several discoveries have been made. It has already been reliably established that the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb, nevertheless, regularly renew their cells. In birds, lower vertebrates, and mammals, the rate of emergence of new neurons is quite high. In adult rats, approximately 250,000 new neurons are formed and replaced within a month (this is approximately 3% of the total number).

The human body also renews the cells of these parts of the brain. It was also established that the more active the physical and brain activity, the more actively new neurons are formed in these areas. But it is still under study. We are waiting ...

Over the past 20 years, science has taken huge strides in studying our nutrition and the dependence on our health. Finally, we found out that proper nutrition plays an important role in the proper functioning of organs. It has been reliably found out - what we need to eat and what we should not eat if we want to be healthy. But in general? What comes out in general? And it turns out that "in detail" we are renewed without stopping, all our lives. So what makes us sick, grow old and die?

We fly into space, think about the conquest and colonization of other planets. But at the same time, we know so little about our body. Scientists, both in ancient times and in the present, have absolutely no idea why, with such a huge capacity for renewal, we are aging. Why wrinkles appear and muscle condition worsens. Why we lose flexibility and our bones become brittle. Why do we become deaf and stupid ... Nobody, as before, can say anything intelligible.

Some people say that aging is in our DNA, but this theory has no evidence base to support it.

Others believe that aging is inherent in our brain and psychology, that we, as it were, force ourselves to grow old and die. That in our subconsciousness there are aging programs. Also just a theory without any proof or confirmation.

Still others (very recent theories) believe that this is due to the "accumulation" of certain mutations and damage in mitochondrial DNA. But why there is an accumulation of these damages and mutations, they do not know.

That is, it turns out that, contrary to the theory of evolution of comrade Darwin, cells, renewing themselves again and again, resume a deteriorated version of themselves, instead of an improved one. Strange ...

Optimistic "alchemists" believe that we are endowed with the elixir of youth from birth, and there is no need to look for it on the side. He is within us. You just need to choose the right keys to our body and learn how to properly and fully use your brain.

And then our body will be, if not immortal, then very, very long-lived!

Let's feed our body properly. We will help him a little, or rather, we will not interfere with him with all sorts of poisons, and in return it will thank us with good work and a long, HEALTHY life!

Our body is magnificent and ingenious. What we only need is not to interfere with his work. And of course, do not feed him any poisonous muck.

So that's what I'm all about.

All cells of our body are constantly renewed, and we have, with some periodicity (each organ has its own period), completely new organs.

Leather: The outermost layer of the skin, which is in contact with the environment, is renewed the fastest. The cells of the epidermis are renewed every 2-3 weeks. The deeper layers are a little slower, but on average, a full cycle of skin renewal occurs in 60-80 days. By the way, interesting information: the body produces about two billion new skin cells per year.

The structure of the mucous membrane of the tongue is very complex, and we will not go into details. The rate of renewal of the various cells that make up the mucous membrane of the tongue (receptors) is different. Simplified we can say that the cycle of renewal of these cells is 10-14 days.

Alveoli of the bronchi updated every 11-12 months.

Hair grow on average by 1-2 cm per month. That is, after some time we have completely new hair, depending on the length.

The life cycle of eyelashes and eyebrows is 3-6 months.

Nails they grow on the fingers at a rate of 3-4 mm per month, the cycle of complete renewal is 6 months. On the toes, the nails grow at a rate of 1-2 mm per month.

Moreover, at the age of up to 30-40 years, it regenerates volume even with interest - by 113%. With age, liver recovery occurs only 90-95%.

Complete renewal of liver cells occurs in 150-180 days. It has also been established that if one completely abandons poisonous products (chemicals, medicines, fried foods, sugar and alcohol), the liver independently and completely (!) Is cleared of harmful effects in 6-8 weeks.

Kidney and spleen cells updated every 300-500 days.

Cells of all types of muscle tissue completely renewed in 15-16 years.

Heart, eyes and brain are still the least studied by scientists.

Brain- that's a riddle of riddles ...

But since the end of the 90s of the last century, full-scale studies of our brain have finally begun.

Over the past 20 years, science has made huge strides in studying our nutrition and the dependence on it for our health. We finally found out that a big role in the correct proper nutrition plays a role in the work of organs. It has been reliably found out - what we need to eat and what we should not eat if we want to be healthy. But in general? What comes out in general? And it turns out that "in detail" we are renewed without stopping, all our lives. So what makes us sick, grow old and die?

Some people say that aging is in our DNA, but this theory has no evidence base to support it.

And then our body will be, if not immortal, then very, very long-lived!

Let's feed our body properly. We will help him a little, or rather, we will not interfere with him with all sorts of poisons, and in return it will thank us with good work and a long, HEALTHY life! published

Yul Ivanchey

P.S. And remember, just by changing your consumption - together we are changing the world! © econet

Of course, it's hard to invest your energy in something that doesn't work. And there is no particular sense in this. True, in the above example, we did not take into account the main thing - the knowledge of when to expect this result, and, accordingly, rushed to conclusions about the expediency of our actions.

To the rhythm of jazz

Each cell of our body lives in its own mode, so the renewal of our tissues occurs in different time cycles. If the vital rhythms of cells could be described by a melody, most likely, we would not have heard a clear march or a rhythmic polka, but for us a unique jazz composition would sound - filled with improvisations and syncopated rhythms.

Our body is constantly renewing. In one day, millions of new cells appear in it, and millions of old ones die off. The cells that are in contact with the external environment are renewed the fastest. For example, skin cells are renewed on average in three weeks, and cells of the inner walls of the intestine (of which the smallest villi are composed that absorb nutrients from food masses) - in 3-5 days.

Certain life cycles of our body

The receptor cells on the surface of the tongue, which help to distinguish the tastes of food, are renewed every 10 days. Blood cells - erythrocytes - are renewed on average in 120 days, therefore, in order to see a picture of changes in our body, it is recommended to do a general blood test every six months.

Liver cells are renewed in 300-500 days. If you give up alcohol, do not eat fatty and spicy foods, do not take medications, the liver can be completely cleansed in 8 weeks. By the way, the liver is the only organ in our body that is able to fully recover with the loss of 75% of its tissue.

The alveoli (air sacs at the ends of the bronchi) renew within one year, and the cells on the surface of the lungs every 2-3 weeks.

Bone tissue is constantly renewed - bone fusion after fractures occurs precisely due to its regeneration. But in order for our skeleton to be completely renewed, it takes from 7 to 10 years.

Fingernails grow by 3-4 mm per month, and hair, on average, by one centimeter. Hair can completely change in several years, depending on their length. It is believed that in men, hair change occurs in three years, while in women this cycle can reach seven or more years.

The more complex the structure of the tissue and its function, the longer the process of its regeneration. In our body, nerve tissue is considered the most complex in structure. And although earlier scientists were sure that it does not recover, it has now been revealed that regenerative processes are possible in it. The brain, the lenses of the eyes and the heart also hold many unsolved mysteries for scientists, since these organs have not yet been fully understood. At the moment, scientists believe that their regeneration process is very difficult and almost impossible.

Who's in charge here?

The brain is the least studied by scientists. Almost all brain cells live with us all our lives and are the same age as us. It is thanks to the constancy of brain cells that we are able to accumulate experience, acquire information about the world around us, cognize it, draw certain conclusions and use them. At the moment, it has been established that cells are being renewed in two areas of the brain. This happens in the olfactory bulb, which is responsible for the perception of odors, and the hippocampus, which is involved in the mechanisms of emotion formation, helps to assimilate new information (controls the transition of short-term memory to long-term memory) and to navigate in space.

The rate of cell renewal can be influenced by the age of a person and the state of the body itself: are we sick or healthy at the moment, tired or full of strength and energy. For example, in a person who has Parkinson's disease, the death of old cells is not balanced by the appearance of new ones, and with depression, too few new neurons appear in the hippocampus - i.e. the update process is stalled or absent altogether.

The regeneration of the body is controlled by our central nervous system and its higher section - the cerebral cortex, which once again confirms the connection between our thoughts and the state of our body. If we believe in ourselves, move forward, look for the necessary solution, then the more likely it is that we help the body to recover and renew itself, give it strength and zest for life.

For centuries, alchemists have been looking for an elixir of youth and a cure for all diseases, but it turns out from birth, each of us was already endowed with it. A person only needs to learn how to use their brains correctly.

We are accustomed to the fact that with age, our body ages. The overwhelming majority of people (almost all) have in their heads a certain generally accepted pattern of the life cycle of the human body as a whole and its components - organs, tissues, systems:

During the prenatal period, the body, its organs, systems are formed. In childhood and adolescence, there is an active growth and development of the body. In youth and maturity, the body and all its systems work in full force. Further, the organs exhaust their reserves, "reduce the speed", malfunctions of various systems and organs begin, various "diseases" begin or become aggravated. In old age, a worn-out organism “breathes on its own”, gradually dying.

Official science and medicine in every possible way contribute to maintaining such an idea of people about their own body. And this algorithm seems familiar and completely natural.

But is it really natural? And how far is the idea of people about the life of their own organism from the real processes in it?

Our hair falls out every day, but we usually don't go bald; cut off the nails, but they still grow back. We remove dead skin cells to make it smooth and radiant, and we perform procedures that start the process of skin regeneration. All this is possible thanks to the body's ability to renew itself.

You have probably heard that the human body is completely renewed every 7 years, that is, at the end of this period you become a different person, because every cell of your body is replaced by a new one. Sounds awesome!

The life span of individual cells of the human body is limited. After the expiration of this period, the cells die, but new ones take their place. An adult's body is made up of a huge number of cells - roughly 50–75 trillion - and each type of cell has its own "lifespan."

At what rate is the renewal of various cells in the body?

That cells hearts also have the ability to update, it became known only recently. According to researchers, this happens in about 25 years, i.e. only once or twice in a lifetime, so it is extremely important to preserve this organ.

For every type of fabric lungs cell renewal occurs at different rates. For example, the air sacs located at the ends of the bronchi (alveoli) are regenerated every 11 to 12 months.
But the cells on the surface of the lungs are renewed every 14-21 days. This part of the respiratory organ takes on most of the harmful substances coming from the air we breathe.

Bad habits (primarily smoking), as well as a polluted atmosphere, slow down the renewal of the alveoli, destroy them and, in the worst case, can lead to emphysema of the lungs.

Liver - a champion in regeneration among the organs of the human body. Liver cells are renewed approximately every 150 days, that is, the liver is "reborn" once every five months. She is able to recover completely, even if a person has lost up to two-thirds of an organ as a result of the operation.

This is the only such organ in our body.

Of course, such endurance of the liver is possible with your help to this organ: the liver does not like fatty, spicy, fried, smoked food. In addition, her work is greatly complicated by alcohol and most of the drugs.

And if you do not pay attention to this organ, it will cruelly take revenge on its owner with terrible diseases - cirrhosis or cancer. (By the way, if you stop drinking alcohol for eight weeks, your liver can be completely cleansed).

Blood - the liquid on which our whole life depends. About half a trillion different blood cells die in the body of the average person every day. They must die in time for new ones to be born. In the body of a healthy person, the number of dead cells is equal to the number of newborns. Complete renewal of blood occurs within 120-150 days.

The oxygen-carrying red blood cells (erythrocytes) live for about four months.

The average lifespan of white blood cells is just over a year. In this case, the most numerous group of leukocytes - neutrophils - live only a couple of hours, eosinophils - 2–5 days.

Platelets live for about 10 days.

Lymphocytes, on the other hand, are renewed at a rate of 10,000 cells per second.

Walls intestines from the inside are covered with the smallest villi, which ensure the absorption of nutrients. But they are under the constant influence of gastric juice, which dissolves food, so they do not live long. The terms of their renewal are three to five days.

Skeleton bones are renewed continuously, that is, at each moment of time in the same bone there are both old and new cells. It takes about ten years to completely renew the skeleton.

This process slows down with age, when the bones become thinner and more fragile.

Muscular cells are "long-livers" because their life span is 15 years.

Hair grow on average by one centimeter per month, but hair can completely change in a few years, depending on the length. For women, this process takes up to six years, for men - up to three.

Eyebrow and eyelash hairs grow back in six to eight weeks.

In such a very important and fragile organ like eye, only corneal cells are able to renew. Its top layer is replaced every 7 to 10 days. If the cornea is damaged, the process occurs even faster - it is able to recover in a day.

10,000 receptors are located on the surface language... They are able to distinguish the tastes of food: sweet, sour, bitter, spicy, salty. The cells of the tongue have a fairly short life cycle - ten days.

Smoking and oral infections weaken and inhibit this ability and also decrease the sensitivity of the taste buds.

Surface layer skin updated every two to four weeks. But only if the skin is properly cared for and does not receive excess ultraviolet radiation.

Smoking also has a negative effect on the skin - this bad habit accelerates skin aging for two to four years.

The most famous example of organ renewal is nails... They grow 3 to 4 mm every month. But this is on the hands, on the legs, the nails grow twice as slowly.
A fingernail is completely renewed on average in six months, on a toe - in ten.

Why, despite the renewal of the body, do we grow old and die?

The fact of renewal of the organism was established back in the early 50s during the observation of the movements of objects with radioactive atoms embedded in them. Jonas Frisen, a molecular biologist from Sweden, studied the renewal of the body by measuring the level of radioactive carbon-14. He found that every 7-10 years, most of the cells in the body are replaced by new ones. Of course, this figure is arbitrary, taking into account the rate of renewal, for example, of cells of the heart and skeleton or the lack of the ability to regenerate certain neurons, retinal cells, lens, oocytes.

But if many "details" of our body are constantly updated and as a result turn out to be much younger than their owner, then some questions arise.

For example, why doesn't the skin stay smooth and pink all its life, like a baby's, if the top layer of the skin is always two weeks old?

If the muscles are about 15 years old, then why is a 60-year-old woman not as flexible and mobile as a 15-year-old girl?

Who is guilty? And what to do?

Some people say that aging is in our DNA, but this theory has no evidence base to support it.

But, perhaps, common sense, care and honesty are enough to understand without scientists - what exactly prevents our body from aging for many years, not getting sick and independently restoring all its functions and health in general?

It is known that the brain coordinates the work of all systems and organs. In theory, he should take care that all processes in the body, including regeneration, occur correctly for the purpose of effective functioning and, if necessary, the survival of the body.

But in modern conditions, to what extent we are aware of what processes are taking place in our mind, what does it consider to be the effective functioning of the body and does it correctly understand how and when to survive?

Does our brain, our psyche, our way of life, our emotions and feelings help the body, or does it only interfere with the functioning of systems, organs as it is laid down by nature?

Stresses, unresolved internal conflicts, an unbalanced emotional plan - all this directly and directly affects the work of the body, introduces an imbalance in the complex finely tuned chemical and energy processes of all its systems.

One could say that in our difficult times, so many external factors have a negative impact on our health - dirty air and generally bad ecology in cities, poor quality of water and food, the frantic pace of modern life, stress and problems, a sea of diverse information. giving birth to many inharmonious reactions and emotions in us….

But are these "external" external factors really such? Are we really unable to influence them within the framework of our own lives?

For example:

learn how to effectively and profitably manage your own time, honestly conducting an audit of useless or even frankly harmful activities;

increase the time spent in nature, move more, breathe clean air correctly;
finally resolve the inner conflicts that torment the soul, often dragging on from early childhood;
learn to manage your own emotions, and not be a puppet under their control;
to limit the thoughtless absorption of modern garbage information flow. Learn to understand the motives and goals of creating information whirlpools in modern media;
Responsibly treat the quality of food and water entering the body. Chemically, we are made up of what we eat and drink. It is clear that it is impossible to build a good house out of rotten material;
to learn to truly rest and relax, removing the plate of tension from the body, giving it the opportunity to turn on this magical process unknown to us, and natural for all cells - regeneration.

By transferring one's own psyche from the mode of self-destruction, using the natural craving for self-improvement for a person, one can also significantly help the worker-organism in the matter of purification, regeneration, and recovery.

And for this, a lot of different methods, techniques, techniques have been developed for centuries. At our forum alone, a lot of materials have already been collected about natural ways of holistic healing, tested on the personal experience of the participants.

The human body is the most complex living machine in which various systems function harmoniously as a whole. All parts of the body are made up of cells, of which there are about 100 trillion in the body of an adult. Some of these cells are constantly dying off, and new ones take their places. For different organs and tissues of the human body, the cycle of complete renewal takes an unequal amount of time. And for many cells of our body, this period has already been determined more or less precisely.

And even if according to your passport your age is, for example, 35 years old, then your skin may be only two weeks old, your skeleton is 10 years old, and the lenses of your eyes are about your age. How often these and other cells in your body are updated, we will tell in this article.

Skin cells

Complete replacement of epithelial cells occurs in 14 days. Skin cells form in the deep layers of the dermis, gradually emerge to the surface and replace old cells that die off and peel off. In one year, our body produces about two billion new skin cells.

Muscle cells

Skeletal muscle tissue is completely renewed every 15-16 years. The rate of cell renewal is influenced by the age of a person - the older we get, the slower this process takes place.

Skeleton

7-10 years - this is the time during which complete cellular renewal of bone tissue occurs. In the structure of the skeleton, both old and young cells function simultaneously. At the same time, improper unbalanced nutrition can affect the quality of new cells for the worse, causing numerous complications. Bone tissue produces hundreds of millions of new cells every day.

Blood cells

Complete renewal of blood cells takes 120 to 150 days. The body of a healthy person daily produces as many blood cells as they die, and this number is equal to about 500 billion cells with different purposes.

Stomach

The cells of the epithelium of the stomach, which filter nutrients into the body, are replaced very quickly - only within 3-5 days. This is necessary, since these cells are exposed to an extremely aggressive environment - gastric juice and enzymes responsible for food processing.

Intestines

If you do not focus on the cells of the intestinal epithelium, which are replaced every 5 days, the average age of the intestine will be approximately 15-16 years.

Liver

Her cells are completely renewed in just 300-500 days. Surprisingly, with the loss of 75% of liver cells, it is able to regenerate its full volume in just 3-4 months. Therefore, a healthy person can, without fearing for his health, transplant part of his liver to a person in need - it will grow again.

Heart

For a long time, it was assumed that the cells of the myocardium (cardiac muscle tissue) do not renew at all. However, recent studies have shown that complete cardiac muscle renewal occurs approximately every 20 years.

Vision

The lens itself and the brain cells responsible for processing visual information are the same age as humans. Only the cells of the cornea of the eye are regenerated and renewed. At the same time, the complete renewal of the cornea occurs rather quickly - the whole cycle takes 7-10 days.

Brain

The hippocampus is the part of the brain that is responsible for learning and memory, and the olfactory bulb regularly renews its cells. Moreover, the higher the physical and brain activity, the more often new neurons are formed in these areas.

Skin cells

Muscle cells

Skeleton

Blood cells

Stomach

Intestines

Liver

Heart

Vision

Brain