Mouth is not timely treatment of caries. Treatment of caries. Characteristics of algorithms and features of non-drug assistance

There is a great set of dental diseases, but caries is considered one of the most part and common and common. Translated from Latin this word means "rotting".

Caries teeth - what is it?

Caries is a disease characterized by gradual destruction of teeth tissues (enamel or dentin). To the appearance of "holes in the teeth" cites the change in the microflora and the spread of infection in the oral cavity. This disease is equally dangerous for both adults and children.

Classification

Experts allocate the following types of caries:

Uncomplicated disease forms:

• surface;
• middle;
• deep.

Complicated forms of the disease:

• pulpitis;
• periodontitis.

In addition, there is a bottle and peanant caries arising from the demineralization and softening of tissue tooth.

Following another classification, it can be primary or secondary. In the latter case, it appears on previously marked teeth.

Video about the occurrence of caries

Several reasons may result in the formation of the carious cavity:

• unbalanced nutrition (excessive eating, rich in carbohydrates, lack of vitamins and microelements);
• insufficient oral hygiene (untimely removal of dental plaque);
• the special structure of the surface of the tooth (accumulating of the dental plaque in fissuras and gaps between the teeth);
• insufficient salivation;
• genetic predisposition.

Symptoms

Pathogenesis or occurrence, the origin of caries takes place in several stages. At the initial stage or stage of "stains" on enamel, a whitewood or a dark spot is formed.

At the stage of the average caries, destruction begins to expose the dentin (mineralized tooth tissue), a carious cavity is formed.

And finally, at the stage of deep caries, the cavity increases in size and the effect on it causes the strongest pain.

To better imagine what caries signs look like, you need to view the photo. Perhaps such a measure will help you to track the disease at an early stage.

Treatment

The corresponding method of treatment of caries is chosen by the dentist only after the diagnosis of teeth and the oral cavity, and it depends on the degree of development of the disease.

The task of treatment is the removal of destroyed dentin or enamel, restoration of the work of the tooth by means of a variety of sealing materials (polymers, cements, metals).

But how to get rid of caries in acute uniform without any pain? In this case, during treatment, infiltration and conduction anesthesia are used, for example, lidocaine solution is introduced.

Prevention

The main recommendations of dentists for the prevention of carious diseases are that you must eat correctly, pay attention to the hygiene of the oral cavity and once every six months coming to a prophylactic inspection into dentistry. Additional measure against caries can serve as professional cleaning of teeth.

Proper teeth care and timely treatment will help you avoid the development of complications, such as pulpitis, periodontitis, granuloma, etc.

On the dental portal you have the opportunity to make an appointment with qualificated specialists who will fully diagnose the teeth and identify the main problems.

Surface caries is a small roughness or cavity in enamel, which is most often invisible to the patient. This is the next stage of the progression of destruction, after the stain stage. Usually, a person appeals for medical attention only if the tooth has occurs to the chemical stimuli.

If the caries in the stain stage does not appear in any way, then the superficial is already beginning to contact with the dentino-enamel border, the irritation of which is painful. But dentin is not yet destroyed.

What is it?

Surface form of caries it is considered an initial stage. It is characterized by defeating the enamel of the tooth, without engaging in this Dentin process.

It is characterized by smoothed symptoms and a long flow. The pathological process can be detected by the appearance of yellowish spots on the enamel.

Clinical symptoms

Despite the fact that the clinic of the surface form is characteristic of supremacy, some manifestations still allow the early diagnosis of caries:

• enhance enamel sensitivity. She begins to respond not only to thermal stimuli, but also for the use of sweet or salted products;
• during meals, there is a burning sensation at the destroyer, which is quickly born with rinse with warm water;
• with a strong mechanical effect, for example, when cleaning the brush, a new pain may occur;
• the destruction area acquires first white, and then yellow or brown shade;
• the structure of the affected area becomes inhomogeneous, rough.

How is the survey?

At the diagnostic stage, it is necessary to correctly determine the form of the disease and reveal the degree of enamel degree. This will help you choose the optimal treatment technology, which will fully stop the further distribution of caries.

Several effective research techniques are used immediately.

State assessment

Assessment of the state of the tooth makes it possible to understand whether there is a need for its filling.

In addition to visual inspection, several more methods are used:

• Sounding. Justified only when diagnosing caries in adult patients, as it may be accompanied by painful sensations.

  To determine the doctor uses a special probe, which climbs the affected area and studies its structure for roughness.

• Dissed. It is recommended to diagnose pathology in children. The dentist handles the surface of the enamel with an antiseptic, and then heats with a special lamp.

  Pathological sites are distinguished on the background of healthy tissue. According to the degree of mattness and changing the shade, judge the depth of the dental layers.

Method of coloring

The method for more accurate determination of the depth of the lesion of the tooth tissues or to detect caries in the absence of its external manifestation (spots).

Efficiency is due to the use of special dyes that are able to penetrate the most narrow pores of the destroyed enamel and firmly there.

When painting, the following substances use most often:

• methylene red or blue;
• carmine;
• tropolin;
• silver nitrate.

The staining procedure passes as follows:

• Install a retractor.
• The dental row is isolated from saliva with a coofer or rollers from the wool.
• Conduct complete heating of enamel.
• The applicator is caused by coloring matter.
• After a few minutes it is removed by a gauze tampon, and the teeth are dried.

In those areas where enamel painting occurred is diagnosed with surface caries. By the degree of its coloring judge the depth of the defeat.

Differential diagnosis

For comparison, the following symptoms of surface crayes are used.: The pain lasts for a long time and appears only when exposed to chemical stimuli, there is a small cavity on the surface of the enamel, dentin is not amazed.

• Middle caries. Also manifests pain from chemical stimuli. Dentino-enamel border is amazed, there are plots of softened dentin, sometimes the color of the whole tooth is changed.
• Melovoid-grip and erosion fluorosis. The appearance of the teeth is changed, the patient bothers the pain from any stimulus. Teeth are amazed by groups, not one. All enamel is covered with melons-shallow defects and erosions.
• Erosion. Spoiled tooth teeth react to any impact. Localizes on fangs, premoirs and cutters. With the convex part of the vestibular surface, erosion is formed. The lesion has an oval shape with a smooth glossy bottom.
• Wedge-shaped defect. No way manifests. Outwardly, the teeth look at domestic vestibular surfaces. The bottom of the wedge is dense and glossy. Will be denin.

Therapy

For the treatment of surface caries, 2 approaches are applied: preparation and remineralization. Which one will be selected - depends on the state of the enamel.

Roughness

If the enamel is only roughness, without the presence of a cavity, the doctor complains the affected enamel and conducts a remineralizing therapy for restoring the surface layer.

The tooth is covered with a substance based on phosphorus, calcium and fluorine. The following drugs are applied in modern dentistry:

• bifluoride 12.3% - Colorless fluorine varnish for deep fluorination. As part of calcium and sodium fluorides.
• 100% remodent - powder made of rolled cattle jaws made by vacuum drying. As part of: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chlorine, organic substances, manganese, iron, zinc, copper and other trace elements. Used for applications.
• 10% calcium gluconate solution, 10% calcium chloride, 2.4% calcium glyceluorophosphate - calcium-based preparations are used for electrophoresis and applications.
• fluorlak - A solution on alcohol, has a good penetrating ability. Designed to cover the teeth in order to seal and prevent the damage to the enamel by pathogenic microorganisms. The composition includes: sodium fluoride, fir balsam, chloroform, shellac.
• belak is a remineralizing varnish for teeth. Applied as an applicator. Contains only fluorine.

The presence of cavity

If the roughness is not cured in a timely manner, the cavity is gradually formed in her place. In this case, it is no longer possible to dominalize, preparation and full-fledged sealing are required.

The doctor produces the following manipulations:

• Disclosure and expansion of the cavity. Boring the hanging edges are removed, the place of the lesion should be well visible.
• Stripping necrotized dentin. It is done before a healthy fabric to get a glossy bottom of the cavity.
• Formation of the working cavity. Perhaps 2 variants of the preparation, the choice depends on the type of composite materials used.

  A gentle method, whose technology is aimed at preserving a healthy enamel area - used with light curing composites.

  And the preparation of the blat is suitable for installing a seal of their chemical curing composite.

• Finish. The control sweep of enamel, after which all damaged areas should be removed, and the bottom of the cavity is polished to the brilliance. This is necessary for better fixation of the seal. Made by diamond boron, at low speed, with constant air-water cooling.
• Treatment. The prepared cavity doctor is washed with 3% hydrogen peroxide (for chemical curing seals) or distilled water (for light curing materials). As a result, the surface should be dry and sterile.
• Preparation and imposition of sealing material. Additional kneading is done only when using a chemical seal, the lights are supplied by the manufacturer in the finished form. The material is applied in such a way that it repeats the shape of the tooth.
• Polymerization. To solve the light seal, they act onto the halogen lamp. The chemical material itself becomes solid, due to the interaction of the catalyst and base.
• Finish: contouring and polishing. First, correction is made under the features of occlusion (macro-substation), then the seal is polished and grinds until the ideal smoothness is obtained.

Visually stages are demonstrated in this video:

Icon

In modern clinics, the ICON method is practiced, in which the cavity is cleared and filled with a special gel, without the need to prepare. A detailed description of the principle of operation and stages of the technology of treating caries icon is in the article.

But still do not consider the method as one of the main, because It is only available in selected medical institutions.

Treatment in children

There are no special methods for the treatment of children's teeth, during the transition of the caries from the stain stage in the roughness, the tooth must already be treated with remineralizing therapy, as described above. Treatment by silvering is irrelevant, because The roughness and formation of the cavity is already the destruction of tooth tissues.

The average price for ordinary treatment is about 1,100 p. On the system icon - 3,500 p.

Prevention

To avoid caries need to adhere to preventive measures:

• The oral hygiene should be as high as possible. For this, except for the brush and pasta, it is necessary to use additional cleaning agents: floss, rams, rinsers, etc.
• Sweeps should be excluded with sweets and flour products, which are a nutrient medium for bacteria.
• In the diet, it is necessary to introduce products rich in calcium and other minerals.
• One of the important points is the regular professional cleaning in the office of the dentist.
• Good prevention will be remineralization of the dentition.

The appearance of spots on the teeth is a signal of development of pathology that requires immediate treatment. The later turn to the dentist, the longer the recovery process and more risks to lose the tooth.

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• Elena

  September 27, 2016 at 18:08

  Caries - one of the most unpleasant problems with the teeth, tested it on himself. Began to notice that the teeth began to darken, there were some stains, and when cleaning, a good pain appeared, but did not take anything. When it began to be exacerbated, I decided to finally turn to the dentist. Diagnosed caries, made staining. As a result, the sealing of Fissur (the procedure is not very pleasant, but not terrible). Now I am constantly observed at my dentist and perform elementary preventive actions (I use rinsers for teeth, we carry the course of vitamins with calcium, etc.). If something is noticed with your teeth, I advise you to immediately run to the dentist, to prevent an error like me!

• Igor

  September 28, 2016 at 2:45

  Caries, this is a problem in general, we have a family, and I have, and at the father, and the brother. One grandfather eating apples every day, and was distinguished by strong teeth, but now it's not about it 🙂
  In the mornings, in the mirror, I began to notice strange specks on the teeth, but did not give them meanings. But when when you try to eat teeth, I began to hurt, I immediately ran to the dentist. The doctor found my superficial caries, I had to agree to the atraumatic treatment. Immediately it is worth noting that treatment is not pleasant (personally I am generally critical to work with a dental boron with my teeth). After treatment, there are ponopropisal of all sorts of rinsers, a special toothpaste and so on ....
  Of course, I am not the best patient, and sometimes I do not fulfill preventive measures, but I advise others to follow your teeth. Treatment of caries is very painful, it is better not to bring it!

• Sergey

  September 29, 2016 at 7:41

  The superficial treatment of caries was not the most pleasant procedure for me, but what to do, health is more important. As a result of the completion of treatment, a lot of drugs were discharged, including a special toothpaste, rinsing agents, etc. In short, it is better to keep prevention than the doctor "under the knife" of the doctor and to endure this pain and discomfort.

• Ales

  October 3, 2016 at 12:04

  Put a few seals this and money, and time, and health. Caries loves secluded places as seen from the photo. I think the main thing is hygiene. After all, the natural fortress of the teeth is all different. Very well help in the fight against caries and bad smell, dental threads. The gaps between the teeth are very vulnerable, and the thread removes the raid and does not allow to form a dental. But I noticed that in different sources, they advise in different ways to brush their teeth.

• Sveta

  January 11, 2017 at 19:28

  Caries develops very quickly, it is necessary to carefully monitor the oral cavity, to prompt the dentist in a timely manner, to capture caries at the initial stage. Modern methods of treating are painless and allow you to preserve our own teeth to deep old age. Do not neglect the prevention of disease with caries, carefully observe hygiene.

• Daria Igorevna

  February 1, 2018 at 20:00

  They wanted to cure the child's teeth by Icon, because the fear of the dentist is terrible. We wanted to find a clinic that would use this material. They called all the clinics of the city - did not find anyone. And in some administrators did not even understand what I am talking about. It is a pity that such a progressive method has not yet reached the depthion.

• Lyudmila P.

  February 2, 2018 at 8:48

  Successfully heal 4 teeth with superficial caries in the roughness stage. On time came to a planned inspection to his dentist and it turned out that it was not for nothing. The doctor cleared enamel and poured with some drugs to restore enamel. Prescribed to buy in the pharmacy 1 more drug and use them at home on their own. Department for 4 teeth is only 1,400 rubles.

• Emma

  February 2, 2018 at 9:46

  I went to the observation office in dentistry about pain in the tooth from the cold, they said that the surface caries, it is necessary to drill, but shallow. The seal still pay 900 rubles, so I decided to go to the paid, they turned out only 200 rubles more expensive. But a polite attitude, no queues for 6 hours, new equipment. Satisfied with the result.

Are concerned about the unpleasant smell of mouth? Noticed dark spots on the teeth or small recesses? Periodically appear painful sensations when getting cold or hot? All these symptoms can eloquently testify to the defeat of one or more teeth with a caries - the most common dental disease.

Many are interested in the causes and treatment of caries of teeth, the diagnosis and prevention of this disease, as well as the prices for dental services to eliminate the disease. The most effective methods of combating the softening of solid tooth tissues and modern recommendations to eliminate this disadvantage are described in the article.

Common causes of caries teeth

Currently, dentists allocate several main reasons that contribute to the appearance of caries, namely:

• improper power with a predominance in the diet of carbohydrates;
• the impact of adverse environmental factors;
• reproduction in the oral cavity of pathogenic bacteria;
• impairment of mineral metabolism;
• unsatisfactory oral cavity hygiene;
• genetic tendency to caries;
• formation of dental deposits, deposits;
• reduction of general immunity;
• changes in the chemical composition of saliva.

The reasons for the caries of the teeth are actively investigated by leading world specialists so far. Modern dentistry has reached positive results thanks to new scientific discoveries and improving technical equipment.

The goal of the doctors is to develop the latest and improved methods for the prevention and treatment of caries of teeth.

What areas of the dental surface are most often susceptible to the disease? According to the observations of experienced dentists, this ailment is most often affecting the surfaces between the teeth, in the tricky zones, under fillings and around them, and also destroys enamel on chewing surfaces.

Treatment of initial caries

This procedure does not require anesthesia in some cases.

Price - 2500r

Treatment of medium caries

Mounted modern composite of the fifth generation of light curing

Price - 4000r.

Treatment of deep caries

All damaged tissues are cleaned and a seal from an extensive generation of 5 ++ is installed.

Price - 4500R

Basic symptoms of caries teeth

We offer to familiarize yourself with the main manifestations of the enamel defect, the characteristic symptoms of which are the following signs:

1. Paints when exposed to the affected section of the tooth of high or low temperatures, as well as chemicals, such as sweet.
2. The occurrence of a sharp pain in mechanical exposure to the carious area during food chewing.
3. An unpleasant smell of mouth, which does not pass even after cleaning the teeth.
4. The formation of dark pigment spots on the surface of the tooth.

The formulation of an accurate diagnosis and exclusion of other possible diseases under the power of a pilot dentist after a thorough inspection. The specialist will examine the carious plot, will definitely determine the stage of the disease and the root of the problem. After that, the doctor prescribes an effective treatment method to eliminate the causes of the disease.

It is worth considering the fact that the longer you ignore the symptoms of caries and not to treat it, the larger part of the tooth will be involved in the process of destruction. When the caries launched, the risks of serious complications increase significantly. Deep caries is heavier to cure, and it will take much longer.

Unfortunately, often caries quickly progresses, causing dangerous complications. Often, the launched defect of the dental enamel develops into the pulpit, which can cause the inflammation of the periodonta and lead to the loss of the tooth. Sometimes there is inflammation of soft oral tissues or abscess, which requires surgical intervention, long-term treatment and use of potent antibiotics.

" Tooth caries is the most common disease of mankind, besides, in the modern world, it is easily treated, it suffices to comply with simple rules for cleaning the teeth and regularly visit the dentist"

Diagnostics and effective caries treatment

Diagnostics is a right step towards the patient's recovery. After visual inspection using the probe and dental mirror, the doctor will unmistakably be able to determine the type of caries, the stage of the disease. When deeping deep caries, it may be necessary to conduct an additional examination. However, it does not take much time, and the dentist quickly diagnoses caries, including the complications arising.

Purpose of the dentist - , maintaining the tooth and eliminate the enamel defect. To this end, the specialist will determine the occlusal points, alicketeer, will clean the carious portion of the bormestine tooth, antiseptic treatment, the formation of the cavity for fixing the sealing material and the sealing cavity itself. In some cases it is necessary to use drugs that are used for several days after treatment. Timely elimination of the problem will prevent possible complications and relieve the patient from unpleasant pain.

Video shows the process of treating caries

Prevention of caries teeth

You can warn caries, and for this, dentists recommend sticking to pretty simple rules, namely:

• 2 times a year come to a prophylactic examination;
• use effective toothpastes containing minerals;
• apply the correct teeth cleaning techniques;
• regularly remove toothflight and stone;
• every day to use a tooth thread;
• actively use rinsers for the mouth;
• correct diet.

Observing all of the above tips, it is possible to preserve the health of the teeth. Remember that the launched caries leads to the development of such a painful manifestation as . Implementation of preventive measures, regular visits to the dental clinic and following other advice will prevent the development of caries and other diseases of the mouth.

Caries - a long process of destruction of solid tooth tissues, which leads to the formation of cavities.

Why do you need to treat caries in time?

In the absence of treatment, the caries can lead to a very strong destruction of the tooth or its full loss, which will require either restoration, or the installation of the implant. Timely appeal to the doctor allows you to fully heal and keep the tooth. Also, launched deep caries can cause various complications - for example, pulpitis and periodontitis.

Treatment of medium caries

The doctor is anesthesize the tooth by injection. Then carefully drills the carious focus within dentin (tooth tissue under enamel), carefully removes the affected fabrics, and then restores the tooth with a seal, the color of which it is picking up in accordance with the enamel shade.

Treatment of deep caries

The process is carried out in two stages. First, with the help of boron, the affected fabrics are also removed, the drug formed is laid the drug, which stimulates the natural production of replacement dentin (dentinogenesis). Due to this process, the lower wall becomes more dense. Further, the doctor sets a temporary seal, which in a week is removed, a constant seal is installed instead.

Treatment of Pulita

Pulpitis - inflammation of the pulp, where the nerve of the tooth and blood vessels are located. Develops. If not to treat caries. Most often in this case, a complete removal of the dental nerve is carried out. For this, the dentist drifts all the affected fabrics, removes the nerve using special tools (strong anesthesia is pre-performed). The drugs are laid in the canals of the tooth drugs and puts a temporary seal. After about a week, the temporary seal is removed, the channels are filled with guttaperch, and a new temporal seal is installed. If the patient does not experience any painful sensations and discomfort before the next admission, then a constant seal is installed in return, sealing to the tone of enamel.

Deep fissures on the occlusal surface of the teeth, which were once intended for the invertation of coarse vegetable fibers and meat, now, with a change in the lifestyle and power of a modern person, the cause of caries occur.

Of course, they themselves do not cause caries, but they contribute to the jams in them, cluster of the plaque, which cannot be cleaned with a toothbrush, since its bristles cannot penetrate into the fissures (Fig. 1).

fig.1 of the bristles of the toothbrush are not able to clean the fissures

Another reason for the occurrence of caries is a decrease in chewing load. It is known that only a full-fledged functional load on the teeth is the main real factor in the prevention of caries. Proof of this serve morphological work at the electronic level and experimental studies conducted in Russia and abroad. Creating teeth, Nature intended them to work much and at the same time found the path to their self-preservation through the enhanced functional load. With the development of the food civilization, the food was subjected to industrial and culinary processing and, accordingly, the load on the teeth decreased. According to prof. Vares, people living in cities, during the day make no more than 2000 chewing movements by force of up to 3 kg. And nature provided for a person to make 4000-4500 chewing movements for a day, and from them at least 30% - with an effort to 10-15 kg (ratodinalometric data Vares E.Ya., Makeeva G.A.).

Unfortunately, I often had to hear from my patients that their previous dentist, to the question of the need to treat fissure caries, answered negatively, something like: "This is the initial caries - it is still too early to treat him, that's when he becomes deepened, then Collipate. " Sometimes the patients themselves argue in a similar way: "I have been such a fissura for several years, the caries do not increase in them, why do you drill a tooth?"
This is an absolutely incorrect approach, since it is impossible to judge the scale of the carious process only in appearance. Thin carious strip on fuses can be medium and even deep caries. This is due to the peculiarities of the macopatanomy of caries. The carious cavity forms two cones: a small cone in enamel and a large cone in dentine facing its bases to the enamel-dentine boundary (Fig. 2).

fig.2 Feature macopatanomy of the carious process

This feature is due to the fact that the carious defect, passing enamel, reaches less mineralized tissue - dentin - and begins to spread more actively into width. Therefore, the presence of a deep carious cavity can be detected only after a fracture covering its thinned enamel, as it happened in this patient (Fig. 3).

fig.3 tooth 16 before treatment

Treatment of this tooth demanded much more time, efforts and funds than similar from the opposite side of the jaw, where fesurotomy and the sealing of Fissur, even without the use of anesthesia (Fig.4 - 8).

fig.4 The bottom of the carious cavity is covered by DYCAL

fig.5 Tooth is restored to layer-by-layer composite material (Esthet-X)

fig.6 tooth 16 immediately after restoration (tooth is tubed, so the restoration is slightly different in color)

fig.7 tooth 26 before restoration

fig. 8 after fissurotomy. Pay attention to the maximum preservation of healthy tooth fabrics

The use of Borov for Fissurotomy (Fissurotomy®) allows you to preserve healthy tooth healthy fabrics, which fully meets the modern requirements of the "biological feasibility" of treatment. The uniqueness of the Fissurotomy® Borov construction is a mathematically calculated configuration of the boron working head. The length of the boron head corresponds to the average thickness of the enamel layer, the number of cutting faces ensures optimal preparation of pigmented and destructive-changed sections of enamel and dentin. (Fig9.10). Such a design of boron allows the most gentle way to prepare tooth tissue. (Fig. 11-14). It is also important that in most cases, no anesthesia is required.

fig.9 Bor Fissurotomy Micro NTF (narrow-circuit physurotomic) with specified sizes of the working head

fig.10 Bor Fissurotomy Original (original fesurotomic) with specified sizes of the working head

fig.11 Teeth 25, 26, 27 before the start of treatment

fig. 12 Review of Fissur with Bora Fissurotomy Original

fig.13 Maximum preservation of tooth tissues

fig. 14 teeth after treatment

In conclusion, I would like to note that the timely diagnosis and treatment of fissure caries using Fissurotomy® Borov allows you to prevent further development and expansion of the carious process, but, both the doctor and the patient must fully understand the need for treatment.

Literature:
1. Causes of caries and periodontalism. Prof. E.Ya.Vares
From the article "From what they walked, what came and what way to go next.
Social assessment and foresight of dentistry in the XXI century. "
2. Bills of the Fissurotomy® series SS WHITE for the treatment of Caries Fissur. K.V. Chudinov A.V. Lavrov