A military signalman is a prestigious and interesting profession. The merits of the signal troops in the Second World War cannot be overestimated. And already in those years it was determined that women are quite capable of doing this kind of work.
Demand
Payability
Competition
Entry barrier
Perspectives
History
In 1919, signal troops were created in the USSR. Their main tasks were:
- Ensuring uninterrupted transmission of information.
- Installation and development of communication systems.
During the Second World War, the lives of the soldiers largely depended on the work of the signalmen. The correctness of the transfer of information, the reliability of the coding of information, the correctness of the setting of communication channels - all this directly influenced the possible outcome of each battle. Usually, in the field, Morse code was used, combined with code concepts. Today, with the improvement of communications, the popularity and importance of this profession has only increased.
Description
The profession of a military signalman will cease to be relevant only when the wars end. Military signalmen are responsible for transmitting information at all levels. Communication systems today are automated and very well developed. With their help, information is transmitted quickly, over great distances, sometimes to several objects at the same time. Military signalmen perform daily training tasks on mobile and stationary communication systems. These specialists can communicate in any environment, in any location, with a minimum of resources and tools. The arsenal of a military signalman includes a wide range of equipment designed for receiving / transmitting signals, as well as encoding and decrypting data.
The main disadvantage of the work of a military signalman is as follows: in the event of hostilities, there is a possibility that when retreating, unit commanders may receive an order to destroy their own signalmen along with equipment, if there is a high probability of their being captured.
Education
You can become a military signalman by obtaining a corresponding specialty in a civilian university in the profile of a communications specialist, and then going to serve in the armed forces. For example, graduates of such Moscow educational institutions as MTUCI, MGTU, MEI, MADI, MAI or the Higher School of Economics are very willingly accepted into the signal troops. Nevertheless, there are specialized educational institutions that train military communications specialists; for example, this is YOU to them. Marshal S.M.Budyonny or UVTs at MSTU im. Bauman (specialty is called "Repair, operation of ground radio communication equipment".
Responsibilities
Often, the work of communications workers is somewhat reminiscent of the work of system administrators. But military specialists of this kind often have to withstand serious physical exertion and, of course, keep themselves in good shape, regularly passing the standards for mastering the skills of conducting ground infantry combat. In addition, a military signalman must:
Who suits
A military signalman must have the following qualities:
- Good health, stamina.
- Analytical mind.
- Attentiveness.
- Intelligence above average.
- Agility, ability to perform small, painstaking manual work.
Salary, career
The salary of a military signalman can range from 20,000 rubles and more. The size of the salary, of course, directly depends on the region, climatic conditions and the strategic importance of the location for which the specialist is assigned. In the Khabarovsk Territory, a military signalman (junior officer) receives, on average, 60,000 rubles. If you are not satisfied with the prospect of a military career, after completing military service, you can easily find a job in civilian life. Specialists in the profession are needed by companies providing mobile communications and Internet service providers, as well as many other enterprises related to both small and large or medium-sized businesses. The average salaries of communications workers (not military) range from 19,000 rubles (province) to 48,000 (Moscow).
Military communications a set of means and methods that make it possible to exchange information in the interests of command and control. The main task of military command: to provide commanders (commanders) and staffs of all levels with the possibility of continuous control of subordinate troops (forces) in any conditions of the situation, the timely transmission of signals to the troops about the threat of an enemy attack and about bringing them to combat readiness. The main requirements for information security are the timeliness of its establishment, the reliability of operation, the speed of action, and the secrecy of the content of the transmitted information. Initially for S. century. used messengers (horse and foot soldiers), as well as signal communications (bonfires, milestones, tambourines, etc.). From the middle of the 19th century. an electric Telegraph appeared in the army,
from the beginning of the 20th century. radio communication, radiotelegraph and telephone began to be introduced (see.
Communication (see Military communication)). In modern armed forces, various means of S. of century are used. With the help of wire and radio means (radio relay, tropospheric), telephone, telegraph, phototelegraph and telecode (data transmission) communications are provided; mobile means (airplanes, helicopters, cars, motorcycles, etc.) - courier-postal service; signaling means (rockets, lanterns, flags, sirens, etc.) - signal communication, allowing the transmission of short commands, signals of mutual identification, target designation, designation of their troops and alerts. Reliability of S. in. is achieved by the complex use of various means of communication, depending on the current combat situation. C. in. organized on the basis of the decision of the commander (commander), instructions of the chief of staff, orders of the higher headquarters, depending on the availability and state of forces and means of communication; provided by signal troops.
Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M .: Soviet encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .
See what "Military communications" is in other dictionaries:
Military communications- transmission and reception of information in command and control systems of troops (forces) and weapons; the main means of ensuring command and control of troops (forces). By the terminal equipment used (by the type of communication), they are distinguished: telephone, telegraph, telecode, ... ... Dictionary of military terms
Communication (military)- a set of means and methods of organizing communication, ensuring the transmission of orders, instructions, reports and signals. Communication is the main means of command and control in combat and operations. The importance of communication as the main means of control is increasing ... A short dictionary of operational-tactical and general military terms
And, offer. about communication, communication and communication; f. 1. The relationship of mutual dependence, conditioning. Direct, indirect, logical, organic, causal p. C. facts, phenomena, events. S. between industry and agriculture. S. of science and ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Connection- CONNECTION. By the beginning. The S. war industry got a meaning. development, meeting the needs of bunks. x va and the country's defense in the transmission of messages. In the 30s. the industry of means S. developed (production of direct-printing equipment for telegraph. S., equipment for S.'s units, ... ... Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: an encyclopedia
1) transmission and reception of information using various technical means. In accordance with the nature of the means of communication used, it is divided into postal (see. Mail) and electrical (see. Electrosvyaz). 2) The branch of the national economy, providing ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Military transmission and reception of information in control systems of naval forces (troops) and weapons using various means and methods. The main means of ensuring the control of the fleet (troops). By the nature of the messages transmitted and ... ... Marine dictionary
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The first military unit of technical communications in the army of the Russian Empire was a telegraph company, formed in September 1851 at the St. Petersburg-Moscow railway. Traveling telegraphs were used in the Crimean (1853-1856) and Russian-Turkish (1877-1878) wars. In May 1899, the first military radio unit "Kronstadt Spark Military Telegraph" was formed, in 1902-1904. radio communication teams were created on the large ships of the Russian fleet. During the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905. in the field army, linear communication units appeared, wired telegraph, radiotelegraph and telephone were used. During the First World War, communications began to equip new at that time types of troops - aviation and air defense troops.
The communications units of the Red Army began to form in the spring of 1918. On October 20, 1919, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council, the Communications Department of the Red Army was created, the communications service was allocated to a special headquarters service, and the communications troops became independent special forces. This date was chosen as the celebration of the Day of the military signalman.
During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. more than 1 million Soviet military signalmen were in the active army, providing it with uninterrupted communications. About 300 of them became Heroes of the Soviet Union, over 100 people became full holders of the Order of Glory.
The current state of the troops
At present, the signal troops are special troops within the RF Armed Forces, designed to deploy communications systems and provide command and control of large formations, formations and subunits of the RF Ground Forces. Also, the signal troops solve the problems of operating systems and automation equipment at command posts.
The troops include nodal and line connections and units, subdivisions of technical support, security services of communications, courier and postal communications, etc. Equipped with mobile radio relay, tropospheric, satellite stations; telephone, telegraph, television and photographic equipment; switching equipment and special equipment for classifying messages.
The prospects for the development of these troops are associated with equipping the RF Armed Forces with equipment that ensures stable operational and covert control of the Ground Forces in the most difficult physical, geographical and climatic conditions. A unified command and control system for troops and tactical weapons is being introduced, troops are being equipped with modern digital communication facilities that provide a secure mode of information exchange from an individual serviceman to a unit commander.
Specialists of the signal troops of the RF Armed Forces are trained by the Military Academy of Communications. Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M. Budyonny (St. Petersburg, there is a branch in Krasnodar).
Head of the Main Communications Directorate of the RF Armed Forces - Lieutenant General Khalil Arslanov (since December 2013).
Radio communication- This is a kind of communication that is implemented using radio equipment, terrestrial and ionospheric radio waves. Radio communication is used in all levels of control. At the tactical level of control, radio communication is the most important, and in many cases the only communication capable of ensuring the control of units and subunits in the most difficult situation and when commanders are on the move.
Radio relay communication- This is a type of communication that is implemented using radio relay communications and radio waves in the ultrashort wave range. Radio relay communication is used in the control links from the regiment and above.
Tropospheric communication is a kind of communication that is implemented using tropospheric communication means and the physical phenomenon of far tropospheric propagation of ultrashort waves (VHF DTR). Tropospheric communications are analogous to radio relay communications in terms of their purpose, combat use, and quality. Tropospheric communication is used in command and control levels from the division and above.
V there is a steady trend of increasing the role of space and satellite communications in military communication systems. Space communication is understood as radio communication in the interests of ground, air and sea-based correspondents, having common areas of radio wave propagation outside the ionosphere.
An example of a space communication line is shown in the figure:
Space communication line structure
Satellite connection- this is a special case of space communication, when between two or more correspondents of ground, air or sea-based communication is carried out using a repeater located on an artificial Earth satellite. An example of a satellite link is shown in the figure:
A satellite repeater
Modern military satellite communication stations provide communication at distances of 5,000 kilometers or more. In the military communications system, satellite communications are used at the level from the battalion and above, as well as for communication with reconnaissance groups and special detachments (subunits).
Wired communication is a communication carried out via wire (cable) communication lines. In wired communication systems, an electrical signal is transmitted over a cable line. Wired communication means provide high quality channels, ease of organizing communication, relatively greater secrecy compared to radio communication, and are almost not susceptible to deliberate interference. Wire communication is used in all levels of command (from the platoon (company) and above).
Fiber optic communication is a communication carried out via a fiber-optic cable using special equipment for converting electrical signals into optical ones.
Signal communication is a communication carried out using predefined visual and audio control signals. At present, visual aids (light flares, colored smoke, etc.) and sound devices (sirens, whistles, etc.) are used to control the battle.
All kinds of communication are realized by specific communication means: radio stations, radio relay, tropospheric stations, satellite communication stations, wired communication facilities, fiber-optic communication facilities. These means form communication channels: radio, radio relay, tropospheric, etc. For the channel-forming means of each type of military communication, symbols are established that are used in the development of communication documents. Symbols are shown in the figure:
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
radio station of an armored object with an indication of the type
radio station on an armored vehicle (APC)
portable radio station with type indication
portable radio station on a car
wearable radio with type indication
wearable radio station installed on a car
radio
RADIO RELAY COMMUNICATIONS
radio relay station with type indication
radio relay station by car
TROPOSPHERIC COMMUNICATION
tropospheric station with type indication
tropospheric station by car
SATELLITE CONNECTION
satellite station with type indication
satellite station by car
Symbols of communication means of various kinds
Information of the same content can be represented by messages of various types: text, data, images or speech. For example, a combat mission to a subunit can be presented in the form of a text document on a telegraph form or on a display screen, in the form of appropriate conventional symbols on a topographic map, or communicated to the subunit commander in speech form. Depending on the way messages are presented in a form that is convenient for perception, the types of communication are distinguished.
Type of military communications.
Type of military communications- This is a classification grouping of military communications, distinguished by the type of transmitted message (terminal equipment or communication means). When using the appropriate terminal equipment via radio, radio relay, tropospheric, satellite, wire (cable) communication lines, the following types of communication are provided:
telephone communications
telegraph communication
fax
data transfer
video telephone communication
television communication.
Telegraph communication, data transmission and facsimile communication are usually combined with the concept of "documentary communication". Communication documents use conventional graphic designations of communication types, which are shown in the figure:
TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS
open
disguised
classified temporary persistence
classified guaranteed durability
government classified
guaranteed durability
VIDEO TELEPHONE COMMUNICATION
open
classified
TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
open letterpress
classified direct-printing
guaranteed durability
open auditory
classified auditory
DATA TRANSFER
open
classified
APD nodal set (automatic message switch for 4 channels)
FAXIMILITY
open
classified
Symbols of types of communication
We will give the purpose and a brief description of each type of communication.
Telephone communications is a type of telecommunication that provides transmission (reception) of voice information, negotiations to officials of management bodies. Telephone communication creates conditions close to personal communication, therefore it is the most convenient in the tactical level of control, but retains its importance in other levels of control. In order to conceal from the enemy the content of telephone conversations in communication channels, secret equipment or devices for technical masking of speech are used. Depending on the terminal and special equipment used, telephone communication can be open, masked, secret temporary or guaranteed durability.
Telegraph communication- a type of telecommunication that provides the exchange of telegrams (short text messages) and negotiations with officials of control bodies using telegraph communication facilities. In addition, it is intended for the transmission of documentary messages in the form of ciphers, codograms.
Telegraph communication can be direct-printing or auditory, secret or open (with or without the use of secret equipment). Telegrams carrying important information can be pre-encrypted or encrypted.
Fax communication is a type of telecommunication that provides the exchange of documentary information in color and black and white. It is intended for the transmission of documents in the form of maps, diagrams, drawings, drawings and alphanumeric texts in black and white or color. This connection provides great convenience to officials of the governing bodies, since a document ready for further work with appropriate signatures and seals is obtained on the receiving device.
Facsimile communication is used in the operational and strategic levels of management.
Data transfer is a type of telecommunication that provides the exchange of formalized and non-formalized messages between electronic computing systems, automated workstations of officials of control points. It is intended for the exchange of information in automated command and control systems for troops and weapons (ASUVO). By data we mean information presented in a form suitable for automatic processing.
Video telephone communication is a type of telecommunication that provides negotiations between officials of control bodies with the simultaneous transmission of moving images. This type of communication is used only at the highest levels of management.
Television communication is a type of telecommunication that provides the transmission of the combat situation and other events on the ground in real time. It is used at the highest levels of management.
Taking into account the peculiarities of the organization and solution of specific tasks of command and control and communications in various levels of command and control of troops and weapons, the following types of communications are used:
in the link battalion - company - platoon - squad - telephone communications;
in the link regiment - battalion - telephone communications, and when managing air defense and reconnaissance units - data transfer;
at the level of a division - a regiment - telephone communications, data transmission, facsimile and telegraph auditory communications;
at a division level and above - all the above types of communication.
Such assignment of types of communication to the links of management is not final. With the introduction of automated control systems and weapons control systems into the lower levels of command and control, data transmission, facsimile and even video telephone communications will be used more widely.
There are different troops in the Russian army. And communication units are part of the Armed Forces of our state. So, what kind of work does a signalman do in the army and what are his duties?
On troops and service
Almost any conscript can get into this unit. Even the one with the B4 fitness category.
Military communications are an integral part of the RF Armed Forces command and control system. And also its material basis. The efficiency of the command of the troops and the subsequent timeliness of the use of weapons and combat assets depend on how well developed military communications are.
She has come a long way of becoming and improving. At first, the simplest visual and sound means of communication were used. But technology has evolved, and now multichannel and automated systems are in use. However, the operational provision of communications is under the control of special specialists. And each of them is called a signalman. They occupy a special place in the army.
Briefly about the specialty
The signalman will always be relevant. It will cease to be in demand only if wars cease to exist. A signalman in the army learns a lot. In particular, be responsible for at any level. In our time, communication systems and means are very well developed. And much more is automated. This facilitates the work of the relevant specialists. If before they knew how to establish communication in almost any situation, today this does not cause problems at all.
The main task that a signalman in the army learns to perform is to transmit information over long distances using a minimum of resources and devices. Although in our time, the arsenal of this specialist includes a considerable list of equipment. With its help, you can not only transmit, but also receive signals, as well as encode them and perform data decryption. True, there is one drawback that every signalman in the army and in the service should know about. If hostilities begin, then there is a possibility that the unit commanders will receive one order. According to it, they are obliged to destroy their signalmen along with the equipment. But this is in the event that there is a high probability of their being captured by the enemy.
Education
You can become a signalman if you go through military service in the corresponding unit. But the guys who go to the army on conscription do not choose their troops. And many girls think that becoming a signalman is a good idea. In fact, you can get this specialty in a civilian university. And then go to serve in the Armed Forces. Young people who have graduated from higher educational institutions, for example, MADI, MTUSI, MAI, MSTU, are willingly accepted there.
It is also worth knowing that there are specialized educational institutions. And there they train military communications specialists. It is better to go there if the person knows in advance that he wants to engage in this particular activity. The most popular university is the Military Telecommunications Academy named after Budenny and them. Bauman. If the service as a signalman in the army does not seem promising, then you can try to submit documents to one of these institutions.
Responsibilities
A military signalman can withstand considerable physical exertion. He is obliged to regularly pass the standards of proficiency in infantry ground combat. And that's not all.
In addition, a signalman in the army has to do a lot of other things. Responsibilities include repairing equipment, for example. He is also obliged to monitor the operation of the communication facility and the devices intended for this. If problems arise, the specialist must fix them as quickly as possible. To do this, you need to be able to establish the reason why they appeared. If you can't fix what happened, you need to go to the problem area and deal with it on the spot. To troubleshoot problems, a specialist is obliged to carry out diagnostics. If there is no other way out, then determine the malfunction by the elimination method.
Also, every specialist in this profile must draw up an effective signal transmission scheme. He is also obliged to monitor the uninterrupted power supply, regularly check emergency power supplies. These specialists also have to organize and develop communication centers. Moreover, in any locality in which it is required. Here's what a signalman needs to know in the army and in the service.
What skills do you need to have?
To succeed in a certain field of activity, you must have a predisposition to it. For example, the guys serving in the Airborne Forces need to be physically enduring, strong and not afraid of heights. The sailors should not have seasickness. And what about the signalmen? These fighters should also be in good health. But, in addition to this, it is also important to have an analytical mindset, attentiveness, developed intelligence and dexterity. These people will have to do painstaking work, therefore it is also important to be a patient person.
By the way, this profession is very profitable. For example, the average signalman in the Khabarovsk Territory is about 60 thousand rubles.
Signal operator rights
They are also worth knowing about. Each signalman has the right to request information and all the necessary materials from structural divisions that he needs to perform his work and duties, which are provided for by the Charter. Also, this specialist can prohibit the use of a dangerous or faulty service object - be it a device, structure, equipment, mechanism or structure.
He can also study the documents that define his rights and obligations. If a signalman does not work in a military organization, but at some enterprise, then he has the right to make any proposals for improving the system or work process.
And yet each specialist can ask the commander to provide the best organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of his activities.
What should the recruits expect?
Modern service is no longer the same as it used to be, so it is not surprising that many potential soldiers are wondering what a signalman does in the army. Basically the same as the rank and file of other units. The soldiers of the communications department perform physical activities, go into the outfits, attend lectures in their specialty. When they are assigned from the training unit to the combat unit, a more intense activity begins. They can send a private to the central console on duty. There you need to receive and process calls. There is also an option to get to the switch.
Many recruits are afraid of learning Morse code. In general, as many modern communications workers who have served their time say, now there are no serious requirements for the knowledge of this specific “language”. As a rule, they only learn the basics. Although it all depends on the part where the soldier gets. Everywhere there is a different attitude to this kind of activity.
Symbolism
The uniform of the signalmen in the army is easily recognizable by the chevrons. The main symbol of these troops is golden, vertically positioned lightning. Three are directed upward and the same number are directed downward. They flaunt against the background of outstretched wings. This is a small emblem. There is also an average one. It depicts a golden two-headed eagle holding silver lightning bolts in its paws. And on his chest is a red triangular shield with a stem.
Finally, there is a large emblem. This is the coat of arms. It depicts a small emblem in a black quadrangular heraldic shield. It is framed with a silver wreath, in the upper part of which you can see the emblem of the RF Armed Forces.
By the way, lightning symbolizes a variety of means, and wings reflect the mobility and efficiency of information transfer. Having memorized these associations, it will be possible to easily recognize the signalmen by their emblems.
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