We continue to make kilometers. This time I got to the Yaroslavl region.
in the photo - the ensemble of the Holy Nikolsky Monastery (reflected in a small pond)
Pereslavl-Zalessky is one of the most ancient cities in Central Russia. Founded in 1152 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. It is halfway from Moscow to Yaroslavl on the banks of Lake Plescheyev. In 1693, King Peter I on the Plescheis lake created fun flotilla, which was the beginning of the creation of the Russian fleet.
Pereslavl-Zalessky is the southernmost city of Yaroslavl region. The city is included in the gold ring of the historic cities of Russia. The pearl of his architecture is the 12th century Savior Convention Cathedral, the oldest of the preserved churches of the entire Central Russia.
City, by itself, ordinary. However, temples and churches in very good condition or are restored, very pleasant and well-groomed territories of monasteries. This is understandable, the city is protected by UNESCO.
Come under the cat, many pictures and letters.
Acquaintance with the city begins with the Fedorovsky Monastery, namely, from the Holy Gate with the Greater Church:
Fedorovsky Monastery - in the past one of the most notable and rich. First mentioned in the XV century. In memory of the cruel battle in 1304 between the troops of the Moscow prince Yuri Danilovich and the Tver Mikhail Yaroslavovich. The battle occurred on Fedor Pratilate.
The earliest preserved construction of the monastery - Fedorovsky Cathedral of 1557. The temple is traditional. Four-pole, five-populous, heads heavy, bulbous in shape:
The construction of the Cathedral is associated with the birth of Tsarevich Fedor, the second son of King Ivan Grozny, who, according to the local legend, appeared not far from the Fedorovsky Monastery.
In the XVII century The monastery became a female abode, and his whole story, all the buildings are associated with the names of women from royal families, rich and noble noble birth.
In 1710, the introduction of the church was built on the funds of Natalia Alekseevna (sisters of Peter I):
In the territory of the monastery there are cows, in the distance there is a harsh bull \u003d))
Next stop - Trinity Danilov Monastery:
Trinity Danilov The monastery is based at the beginning of the XVI century. By Danil, the monk of the Gorizky Monastery (or Nikitsky Monastery, data from different sources). The monastery was a major feudal, in possession of it there was a lot of villages, villages and people (in 1754 the monastery owned 3173 male souls).
Solemnation entrance to the territory of the monastery gives the main monastery gates:
The Trinity Cathedral was built from 1530 to 1532. At the order of Tsar Vasily III in honor of the birth of the son of Ivan, the future of the king of Grozny:
One-eyed Trinity Cathedral is calm and magnifies, the facades are almost deprived of the decoration. The narrow windows of the walls and the drum of SKAPO illuminate the inner space. The painting of the cathedral is well preserved. The best creation of painters is an image of a save on the dome in the chapter of the temple. Savior Lick is one of the masterpieces of monumental painting XVII century.
The refectory chamber with the Pravalensk Church (about 1550) relatively recently renovated (was in a terrible state):
Miniature all-day church (1687):
The initial history of the Assumption Monastery is known little. It was founded, probably at the beginning of the XIV century under Ivan Kalita. In 1382, the monastery was ruined by the detachments of Tatar Khan Takhtamysh, and then restored with the assistance of the wife of Dmitry Donskoy Great Princess Evdokia.
The further history of the monastery is quite sad. In 1744, the Pereslavsky diocese was formed, the monastery was decided entirely to rebuild more majestic, corresponding to the taste of the construction time in order to place the residence of the diocese. Most of the oldest buildings were disassembled. Construction initially went pretty quickly (built even at night with candles), but after church reforms of the 60s and the final abolition of the diocese in 1788, construction collapses.
City authorities, in order to support life in Goritsy, the court, the Treasury, Magistrate, the Assumption Temple turn into the main city cathedral. However, residents of Pereslavl remained unhappy - to Gorice were too uncomfortable and far away. In the end, the request of the citizens satisfied, the monastery was abandoned, he did not use anyone a hundred years, but only a place of meetings for criminal elements.
From the complete dilapidation of the monastery finally saved the Pereslavsky Museum of Local Lore, which was transferred to the territory of the monastery after the revolution. (A unique historical fact, by the way: the Soviet government actually helped to preserve church architectural monuments, usually happened on the contrary).
Now the preserved buildings:
Holy Gate, Nikolai Nikolai Church (about 1800 g), now exposure and
Brought a small chapel from the village of Starovo (19 V), now Cashier.
Church of the Epiphany with the bell tower (1777), now the Methodological department and the observation deck:
The church of all saints with the refectory chamber (about 1680), now exposure and storage:
*
Assumption Cathedral (about 1750), now exposure and storage:
Interior (iconostasis is very beautiful):
*
The belfry, now the observation deck:
*
*
Fortress Walls:
The next point on the way to the city center - Holy Nikolsky Monastery:
Nikolsky (Nikolaevsky) Monastery is founded in the XIV century Saint Dmitry Prilutsky. Bashed by Poles at the beginning of the XVII century, he was soon restored by Schimonach Dionisia (1645).
Now the territory is very beautiful, a huge number of flowers, green lawns, a large modern temple, the rest of the buildings are well restored.
Church of Peter and Paul (1748):
Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1748):
Cathedral of Nicholas Wonderworker (2003) and belfry:
*
*
*
Now we go to the center, surrounded by a rather high shaft.
The architectural ensemble of the Pereslavl Center includes: Savior Transfiguration Cathedral (1152 g):
The main attraction of the city, the oldest building. Loaded by Yuri Dolgoruky, completed Andrei Bogolyubsky. This single-eyed cross-fuel is a four-lipped three-phase temple - the earliest of the white-named architectural monuments of Northeast Russia. The preserved fragment of the painting (the waist image of the apostle Simon) is now in the historical Museum of Moscow.
Many Pereslav Princes were baptized in the cathedral, including Alexander Nevsky, born in Pereslavl in 1220.
Church of Metropolitan Peter (15 or 16 centuries):
Currently closed, requires restoration. Information on the exact date of the construction of lost, and indeed the history of the church is some kind of incomprehensible.
Vladimir Church (1740):
Church of Alexander Nevsky (1740):
Page on the center, we go on the outskirts of the city, in Nikitskaya Slobod, namely, Nikitsky Monastery:
Nikitsky monastery is founded in the XII century. Until the XVI century, all its buildings were wooden. Only in 1528, at the order of Prince Vasily III, a single-eyed stone church is built here. The main construction was already fulfilled under Ivan Grozny in the 60s of the XVI century.
The Nikitsky Monastery has repeatedly subjected to ruin on the part of the Lithuanians. The walls and towers of the monastery in 1611 were withstanding the 15-day siege of the detachments of Polish Pan Yana Sapgy.
The most interesting building of the monastery is Nikitsky Cathedral (1561-1564), attached to the earlier Nikita Church:
The southern walls of the monastery are refectory with the Blagoveshchensk Church (XVII century). In one of the premises of the refectory, Peter I stopped during arrival in Pereslavl. Tent bell tower (1668) adjoins the refectory:
*
Address: Russia, Yaroslavl region, Pereslavl-Zalessky, ul. True, 7a
Coordinates: 56 ° 44 "08.0" N 38 ° 50 "37.2" E
Not far from the historic center of Pereslavl-Zalessky, from the West, almost immediately behind the earthen shafts of the ancient city, a new temple is towers. And although it was built recently, his predecessor - the Znamenskaya Church had a centuries-old history. This temple was associated with many royal individuals - his wife Dmitry Donskoy Evdokia and Peter I. And now it has created a compete in the memory of the last Russian emperor Nicholas II and his spouse Alexandra Fedorovna.
History of the Znamensky Church
According to legend, it was here that there was a wooden church, laid by Principal Evdokia, his wife Dmitry Donskoy. Her building, she wanted to celebrate his wonderful salvation during the invasion of the Pereslavl forces of Crimean Khan Tokhtamysh in 1382. The event was happening a day when the church celebrated the Christmas of John the Forerunner - July 7 for a new style. And the new wooden temple was consecrated in honor of this holiday.
The first written mention of the church of Christmas John the Forerunner appears in the life of Rev. Daniel and refers to the beginning of the XVI century. Numerous restorations and restructuring led to the fact that this temple became Znamensky, with the chapel in honor of the Christmas of John the Forerunner.
In Petrovsky times, when the "funny" fleet began to build sovereigns on nearby, the sovereigns of the Church began to add "on ships" to the name of the church. After all, it was here that Petrov's yachts and galleys were kept on the left bank of the pipe.
In 1788, a stone church was erected instead of the dilapidated wooden temple. Money for the construction of Dala Anna Ivanovna Maslova, the widow of the Pereslavsky Major. The temple was made in the stylistic of the local baroque - octa in the chime. A small refectory and bell tower attached to him. In the cold part of this church, the Znamensky throne was located, and in warm - the throne in honor of the Christmas of John the Forerunner.
At the same time, the first church-parish school began its work in 1863. She founded Deacon Voskresensky, who later taught the Pereslavsky residents to write and count. Years passed, and the church-parish school became female. And when the nearby Nikolsky Monastery opened a big school, in the Znamensky temple they continued only training the basics of diplomas.
In the 30s of the last century, in the years of the struggle of Soviet power with the Religion, the Znamensky temple suffered the fate of many Orthodox churches. In 1929 it was closed, and six years later they were completely destroyed. Later on the remains of the foundation, a wine shop was built, which existed here until 1998. The new temple was built by the money of the Pereslavsky entrepreneur Alexander Grigorievich Gromyko and other benefactors since 1999. And this construction was more than 10 years. Consecration of the Znamensky temple, then not yet fully completed, occurred in 2004.
Architecture and interior decoration of the Znamensky Church
The project of the new church was ordered by architect-restorer Vyacheslav Nikolayevich IzhikovLiving in Pereslavl-Zalessky since 1988. According to his architectural projects in the city, the chapel of George Victorious near the Slavich plant and the new Nikolsky Cathedral in the Nikolsky Monastery were also built.
The Znamensky Church was built on the reasons of the Russian architecture of the XVII century. It is white, and decorative elements, windows windows, bumps and belly painted paint red-brick colors. The ringing of new church bells is considered the best in the district. The temple has nine domes and outside or richly decorated with mosaic. The main church is the five-chapted fere church. It is adjacent to the refectory and high bell tower, crowned with tent completion.
Local craftsmen cut two wooden iconostasis for this church. But much while still exists only in the plans - you need the third iconostasis, there is not enough internal painting and items to carry out services. Parishioners collect funds from donors for the improvement of the commander territory and the construction of a church fence.
Modern condition of the temple and mode of operation
Znamenskaya church - current Orthodox church. You can get here on weekends from 8.00 to 14.00. Temple and throne holidays are celebrated in church on July 7 and 17, as well as December 10th. The church opened the limit of Nicholas and Alexandra, royal passion recorders and new homeworkers.
The exact date of the founding of the Church of Peter Metropolitan, but the first mention of it belongs to the 1420s year. Then the church was wooden. She was delivered in the name of the holy - Metropolitan Peter, revered in Russian Orthodoxy.
Later, the church was rebuilt into Stone - it was sanctified on September 27, 1584. The tent form is not accidental - this is exactly the way most of the monument temples in Russia looked like. The church is divided into two tiers. The lower tier was originally a prison where the great princess came into disfavor. Later, a cash treasury was placed here.
Despite the fact that the church was restored several times, today she continues to be in disrepair. Access inside is prohibited, the doors are locked.
Simeon Church
The Church of Simeon Status is built in the Baroque style in 1771. In 1724, it was built out of the brick, as the wooden burned out.
The temple is built in two floors: winter (below) and summer (at the top). The dome decorate five chapters on thin drums with openwork crosses. From the western part there is a small tent bell tower. The tent is visible from afar.
Attention and cause admiration for luxury windows. They differ in tiers. The windows on the second floor are decorated, the first and third row is also richly decorated. Walls are decorated with pilasters and thin cornices. On the side of the temple there is a small wagon, which is connected to the main building arch.
In 1929 they banned the bell ringing, as he interfered with the telegraph located nearby, and later closed at all. The building founded the builders club, then a red corner, warehouse. In the 1980s, the theater was opened in it, and in the 90s the church was returned. Today, the church of Simeon St Capinet is the most elegant church of Pereslavl.
Church of Alexander Nevsky
The church was built in the 1740s on the means of the Pereslavsky merchant and the manufacturer F. Ugrumov. The temple was part of the ensemble of the Bogoroditsky-Sretensky Novodevichi Monastery, abolished in the XVIII century.
Christian monasses near the famous lakes are considered among the most ancient Russian monasteries. One of them appeared at the beginning of the XI century, and the other was built on the old pagan stand. In many ways, thanks to monastic communities and strong monastic walls, it was possible to reflect the attack on the city of the troops of Khan Tokhtamysh and his followers, as well as to withstand Polish-Lithuanian compounds during troubled times. Nowadays, five monasteries can be visited in Pereslavl-Zalessky, four of whom are valid.
Gorivsky monastery
Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Church of All Saints Gorivsky Monastery
Collectable defensive walls and towers make this monastery look like a massive fortress. In addition, there is an old abode on the elevation and visible from everywhere. It is because of this that the mountainous monastery is often referred to as the Kremlin.
The exact date of the founding of the monastery remains unknown. It happened because the majority of documents were burned during the fire a few more centuries ago. However, written evidence was preserved that the Christian monastery was put on the spot of the pagan sanctuary, and it happened not later than the XIV century.
Powerful monastic fortifications were erected not for beauty. The Pereslavsky abode has become more than once a member of bloody hostilities. It was here that the wife of Dmitry Donskoy - Princess Evdokia was hidden, when the merciless hordes of Khan Takhtamysh performed a devastating raid into Russian lands.
Until our days in the monastery complex, buildings built in the XVI-XVII centuries have been preserved. It is the holy gate with the temple of St. Nicholas, an elegant travel gate in the eastern part of the wall, and, of course, the majestic Assumption Cathedral, rushing a five-key straight to the sky.
Nowadays, the abode is not acting, and its premises are used for a variety of museum collections. The city-reserve-owned museum can be considered one of the largest and richest museum assembly of the country. In its collections there are over 80 thousand unique exhibits. Icons, ancient sculpture of wood, scenic canvas, skilled gold embroidery, elegant forged products and rare photographs - which is just not in the museum halls.
The museum exists in the monastery for many decades. However, it was decided to restore the operating Orthodox monastery in the monastery territory. Therefore, nowadays, work is carried out here on the gradual transfer of museum collections and the liberation of old temples and buildings for the monastic community.
The abode is located on the left of the highway at the entrance to the city from the capital, in the museum alley, 4.
Fedorovsky Monastery
Feodorah Cathedral Stratilate San Trinity Danilova Monastery
The history of the monastery dedicated to Fedor Pratilate has more than seven centuries. It was founded at the beginning of the XIV century, as a male monastery. And from the XVII century is a valid women's monastery, where 20 inelnits live today.
Fedorovsky monastery was prepared special fate. It has always been patronized by Russian states: at the beginning of Rurikovichi, and then - Romanov. King Peter I brought here European weaving machines, and the nuns became famous as skillful craftsmen in the manufacture of church closures. And in this monastery worked the best in the city of Gologl.
Nowadays, the central place in the monastery complex occupies the majestic Fedorovsky Cathedral, built in the middle of the XVI century. Next to him is the church of the introduction of the Virgin to the temple (beginning of the 18th century). And in the south of the monastery territory there is a temple of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (XVIII century).
The monastery stands on the Moscow street, 85, and visible to the right of the highway, at the entrance to the city from Moscow.
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery with bird's height
More than 500 years ago in the ancient Russian city there was a wonderful ink Daniel. He lived in Nikitskaya and in the city of the city of Nikitsky, and gradually passed the way from a simple monk to Archimandrite. Special concern of Daniel was to bury the Christian customs of the dead wanderers, homeless and beggars. Thanks to his efforts, at the very beginning of the XVI century, a new monastery appeared in Pereslavl.
After a hundred years, when Russia was worried about the rules of troubled times, the abode suffered a lot. The advancing to the city of Polish-Lithuanian troops burned most of the monastic buildings, and the peasants who worked on this abode were killed. However, until the end of the XVII century, the monastery not only recovered, but was rebuilt in stone.
Some of those first stone buildings have been preserved to this day. This is the majestic Trinity Cathedral erected by Rostov masters. Inside it, you can see a wall painting, performed by Kostroma and Yaroslavl Izographs in the 1660s. On the east side from the cathedral is the all-day church, which appeared in the monastery of the 1680s. And in the south-east, the monastery rises an amazing temple of the Praise of the Mother of God, erected at the very end of the 18th century.
Nowadays, 20 statements live in the monastery. The abode is located in the city center, in the former meadow Sloboda, on meadow Street, 17.
Nikitsky monastery
General view of the Nikitsky Monastery
The most ancient monastery near the legendary Plescheev lakes founded at the very beginning of the XI century. This monastery was among the most first Christian structures erected by the Decree of Prince Boris Rostovsky. In those days, the appointment of the monastery consisted in one - as much as possible to the Christian faith living on the shore of the Lake of Gentiles.
The monastery received a dedication in honor of one of the most revered by the believers of the Saints - the Great Martyr Nikita. Often in the history of some events echoes others. It is curious that in the XII century, the insidual lived an unusual healer and the warrior - Nikita Stalnik.
Old chronicles reported to our time the heroic pages of monastic history. At the beginning of the XVII century, more than two weeks, the monks together with the abbot reflected the siege of the Polish-Lithuanian detachments of Yana Sapgy. However, experienced soldiers still managed to defeat over the monks. The monastery took the storm, and his defenders were executed.
Today in the ancient monastery you can see a beautiful, monumental Nikitsky Cathedral, built in the times of Tsar John IV Grozny. A slim tent bell tower towers over the entire territory. The monastery also preserved the temple in which the young king Peter I was stopped during the first visits on Potreyevo Lake. This is the Church of Annunciation.
The whole complex of monastery buildings surrounds white-stone walls. It is enough to look at their towers and troubleshoots to understand how powerful the strengthening created around the monastery. In the construction of these walls, Tsar John IV Grozny took part. At its disposal, the stones were fastened with a special solution, and the base of the walls laid out with massive boulders.
Nowadays, 15 statements live inside the monastery. Many pilgrims come to the famous healing source of St. Nikita, which is located about 1 km from the monastery walls.
The monastery stands in the northern part of the city, in the former Nikitskaya Sloboda.
Nikolsky monastery
View of the Church of the Advisor of the Head of John the Forerunner in the belft, the cathedral of Nicholas Wonderworker and the Church of Peter and Paul along the Eastern Wall of the Monastery
Saint Nicholas is one of the most revered Orthodox saints. Therefore, it is not surprising that at the beginning of the XIV century in the city built a monastery dedicated to him. The founder of the monastery is considered to be Dmitry Prilutsky.
In the first centuries of existence, the new abode was expected by great tests. None once she was completely looted and burned with the Khannis raids and military units of Falseedmitria. And in the 60s of the XVII century, the monastery territory completely emptied after the epidemic of the plague, from which 9/10 died of all residents of the city.
At the end of the XIX century, the male monastery by the decision of the church authorities was transformed into a women's monastery. The nuns quickly took up the case, managed to repair the old buildings and erected several new buildings. However, the abode suffered a lot during the active struggle of Soviet power with religion. At first the monastery was closed. Then they blew up the main temple and the bell tower, and the territory began to use under the livestock base.
Nowadays, the ancient monastery is actively reborn and is open both for pilgrims and for tourists. The abode is located in the central part of the city, not far from the mouth of Ternadj, on Gagarin Street, 43.
Loading ...