Growth of cities, an increase in the specific gravity of the urban population, the spread of the urban lifestyle. Growth of cities, an increase in the specific gravity of the urban population, the spread of the urban lifestyle. Urbanization year - 47.5% of the population of the planet - Citizens
Fast growth rates of urban population. The increase in the number of urban population in% leaders in the number of urban population. China million people India million people USA million manner. Brazil million people.
Concentration of population in large cities. "Large cities are spiritual workshops, where the best works of the universe are created." Le Corbusier. Le Corbusier g cities of millionaires. New York.Marthetten.
"Plugging" of cities. The transition from the "point" city to the urban agglomeration is the territorial cluster of the urban population around a large city. The largest agglomerations of the world. 1 Tokyo - 27.9 million. 2 Bombay - 18.1 million. 3 São Paulo -17.8 million. 4 Shanghai - 17.2 million. 5 New York - 16.6 million. 6 Mexico City - 16.4 million. 7 Beijing - 14.2 million. 8 Jakarta - 14.1 million. 9 Los Angeles - 13.1 million. 10 Calcutta - 12.7 million.
It is interesting to the smallest city of the world - the smallest city of the world - Hum in Croatia. It is founded in 1102 and 25 inhabitants live in it. Hum in Croatia. It is founded in 1102 and 25 inhabitants live in it. One of the oldest cities in the world is one of the oldest cities in the world of Jericho in Jordan. He was already ancient when the Egyptian pyramids were young.
And as a nightmare, seeing merciless, seeing merciless, monster measurable and tremendous, measurable, with a glass skull that covered the globe's ball, covered with a globe, the coming city-house was prevailed. He was before me. I owe a life / Machine from cars / / Machine machine / wheels, blocks, rockers, I foreseed you, the lands of the last son! Land Last Son! V. Brusov V. Bryusov
Transitions from liquid into a gaseous or solid phase and back. It's hard to say where oil came from. The origin of oil is one of the most difficult problems of natural science. Penetration of water to large depths in the bowels of the earth. A number of statements and theoretical schemes created at the dawn of development. Some statements are remembered now only as curiosities. What is oil. D. I. Mendeleev, as he himself writes, was struck by parallelism.
"Test on geography" - name the state. Choose from the listed capital of China. Areas of new development. A combination of farms of all countries of the world. Choose from the Poland's capital listed. Section test in geography. Geographical separation of labor. The number of countries not included in OPEC. Type of sectoral structure. The number of countries not belonging to the G8 countries.
"Problems of third world countries" are the general characteristics of the third world countries. High and growing unemployment rate. The problem of overcoming the backwardness of developing countries. Low level of labor productivity. Large dependence on agricultural production and exports. Forecast for developing countries. Problems of socio-economic retardation of developing countries. Developing countries in the global economy. High population growth rates.
"Mechanical Engineering and Metalworking" - Mechanical Engineering. Table. Foreign economic activity. Factors and features of the placement of branches of general engineering. Investments in fixed capital. Dynamics of the index of the physical volume of the engineering industry. Modern geography of general engineering. General mechanical engineering. Innovative and scientific and technical activities. Problems and prospects for the development of general engineering of the Russian Federation. The state of the engineering and metalworking industries.
"Architecture of Nizhny Novgorod" is a dozen Nizhny Novgorod. The building stood over 180 years. Wealth. City. In Nizhny Novgorod, more than 700 monuments of architecture. Preservation of architectural monuments in Old Lower. Preservation of the monument. Demolition of architectural monuments. Several trees. Nizhny Novgorod. Museum of wooden architecture. Historical core. Recreation of the Kremlin's Bezlevskaya Tower. The attitude of the authorities to the demolition of architectural monuments.
"World economy" - natural resources. HTR and her features. Signs of post-industrial economy. IHRT and integration. Test. Component HTR. Territorial structure of countries. Stages of the development of the economy of countries. The structure of the economy. Germany. MGR - specialization of countries in the production of goods and services. EGP. HTR and world economy. Stages of development of the HTR. Accommodation MX. Orientation on highly qualified labor frames. Environmental pollution.
Tasks lesson
- Find out what determined the placement of the population of the world?
- What countries and regions are confined to the largest population accumulations
- How do the number of city and village relate?
- How is the urbanization process?
Fields cum out life
Under a scary chariot
Which is the spirit of the spirit of the century,
And pull the tentacle the capital behind the capital,
To suck out the remnants of the forces.
E. Verjern
- The land is uneven: approximately 70% of the world's population lives by 7% of Sushi Square.
- More than half of all residents of the Earth are concentrated in a 200-kilometer coastal strip.
Large cities are spiritual workshops where the best works of the Universe are being created.
Le Corbusier
- Maintenance of the population - Process
distribution of the population by
certain territory
Forms of settlement
rural
urban
... in the Delta Nile, Tiger and Euphrates, in ancient Judea, India, China. karnak (Egypt)
Rural settlement
- Africa and Asia
- Forms: farms, villages, villages, farms, etc.
Now there are tens of thousands of cities on Earth!
Growing cities, raising their role in society and the spread of the urban lifestyle is called
urbanization ( uRBS - city Latin. )
Urbanization - an important indicator of the level of socio-economic development
It is interesting!
- Unified concept "City" does not exist:
Netherlands - population of 2 thousand people;
In Iceland, Denmark, Finland, Sweden - Locality with a number of more than 200 people.
In Canada, Australia - Over 1 thousand people
In Switzerland, Malaysia - Over 10 thousand people.
In South Korea - Over 40 thousand people;
In Russia The city is considered a settlement that has no less 12 thousand residents , At the same time, 75% of citizens should not be engaged in agriculture.
Features of urbanization
- The highest level of urbanization is characteristic of developed countries (cities more than villages and villages)
The largest cities in the world, 2010
City
Number, people
Shanghai
16 348 947
Mumbai
Karachi
13 830 884
13 205 339
Buenos Aires
13 080 026
New Delhi.
Istanbul
12 565 901
12 175 592
Manila
11 248 470
Dakka
Moscow
10 861 172
10 509 592
São Paulo.
Lagos
10 381 400
Seoul
9 968 455
9 567 665
Kinshasa
8 900 721
Tokyo
8 762 073
Mexico City
8 560 994
- Large accumulation of cities - agglomeration.
- 1970 - In the world of 3 agglomerations:
Tokyo, New York, Mexico City
Now there are more than 20 largest agglomerations in the world (p.61 Fig. 27)
Agglomeration - This is a compact territorial grouping of urban and rural settlements, combined into a complex local system with diverse bonds - labor, industrial, utility-household, cultural and domestic, as well as sharing a variety of resources of this area.
The largest agglomerations of the world
Moscow
New York - Philadelphia
Seoul
Tokyo
New Delhi.
Osaka-Kobe - Kyoto
Shanghai
Manila
Kolkata
Mumbai
Manila
Jakarta
São Paulo.
The largest agglomerations of the world
Agglomeration
Tokyo
Number, people
2010
37 730 064
Mexico City
New York
23 610 441
23 313 036
Seoul
Mumbai
22 692 652
São Paulo.
21 900 967
Manila
20 831 058
20 654 307
Jakarta
19 231 919
New Delhi.
Shanghai
18 916 890
18 572 816
18 013 728
Osaka - Kobe - Kyoto
Cairo
17 409 585
16 429 199
Kolkata
15 644 040
Moscow
14 926 656
Megalopolis Mira
Reins
English
Pektyan
Chipits
Bosvash
San San
Chain
Tokaido
Vizagmashanagar 2.
Nilsky
Sianguan
Vizagmashanagar 1.
Libe
Jabah
San Rio
La Plasky
Megalopolis - This is a group form of resettlement,
educated by capturing closely arranged major urban agglomerations.
Megalopolis
Area,
thousand km2
Tokaido (Japan)
Northeast "Boswash"
Population,
million people
Chicago -Pittsburgh "Chipitts" (USA)
South California "Sansan" (USA)
English (United Kingdom)
Rein (Netherlands - Germany)
The fastest growth rates of urban population are observed in developing countries (the population in the city drives landlessness, lack of work in the villages)
Features of urbanization
Features of urbanization (pace)
In developing countries, the level of urbanization is low, however, the pace is high - countries of Foreign Asia, Africa, Australia and Oceania
The whole world, regions
The whole world
Rates of growth, %
Foreign Europe
Foreign Asia
Africa
North America
Latin America
Australia and Oceania
General features of the urbanization process
- Rapid growth rates of the number of urban population
- Concentration of population and farm in large cities
- "Plugging" of cities, expanding their territory
Functions of cities
- Industrial centers
- Cities - Ports
- Administrative centers and cities - capitals
- Scientific centers
- Cities - Resorts
- Tourist centers
Urbanization levels
- In terms of urbanization, all countries of the world are divided into:
- High-grained (p.77 Figure 18)
- Medium-eurbanized
- Laromburganized
- Environmental pollution
- pollution of atmospheric air,
- high noise level
- electromagnetic radiation,
- concentration of enterprises in limited territory,
- high population density
- migration processes and T, d., - The investigation of urbanization as a form of resettlement.
Air pollution
Pollution of the water eco-system
Strengthening noise
- In economically developed countries, efforts are being made to regulate the urbanization process.
As a solution to solving the problem, ultrahigh-humid buildings are built and designed
Knowledge control
- 1. Name the largest megalopolis of the world. In which countries are they located?
- 2. The share of urban population on the planet is:
A) 1-5%, b) 5-15%, c) 40-55%, d) 75-85%
3. Urbanization is ...
- 4. Specify areas with the highest and lowest density of the population:
A) Australia, b) Central America,
C) Europe, Central Asian, d) Atlantic coast of South America, e) Northeast of Eurasia
5. Indicate which problems arise in the process of growing cities
Urban and rural population. Urbanization as a global process
Lesson plan :
1. City. Functions of the city.
2. Urbanization. Characteristic features of modern urbanization.
3. Levels and urbanization rates.
4. Forms of rural settlements.
- "The city is the unity of unlike"
Aristotle
- There are no uniform criteria for city highlighting. In the United States, the cities include settlements that have reached 2.5 thousand inhabitants, in the Netherlands - 20 thousand, in Iceland - 200 people. In some countries, cities include all administrative centers, regardless of the number of people living. In Russia, the city is considered a settlement that has at least 12 thousand people.
- In the general form of the city, you can classify as follows:
1 million Ista Reykjavik Novgorod Tirana Dublin Moscow City Functions: Scientific Center, Administrative Center Entertainment Center Financial Transport Industrial Molding Resort Center Center Center Center Center "Width \u003d" 640 " I. . City. Functions of the city.
- This is a settlement, most of the inhabitants
which is busy in industry and services.
by the number of people:
CITY
small middle large large the largest millionaires
thousand . 50 - 100 thousand 100 - 250 thousand . 250 - 500 thousand . 500 - 1 million . 1 million
Istra Reykjavik Novgorod Tirana Dublin Moscow
City functions:
administrative
entertainment Center
financial Transport Industrial High Resort
center Center Center Center Center
Ancient Indian City - Machu Picchu
City - Resort - Anapa
Capital of Australia - Canberra
City of Entertainment - Las Vegas
City - State - San Marino
City - Port - Arkhangelsk
Adelaide - Port and Administrative Center
Industrial Center - Norilsk (the largest center of the copper-nickel industry)
The functions of the city may vary in connection with the change in the geopolitical position, its role and importance in the farm. The "functional" history of the city can be explored, having acquainted with his original and modern coat of arms.
Coat of arms of Zvenigorod
Initially, the city was built as a fortress, which was reflected on his old emblem. Now is one of the historical centers of Russia, which are part of the Moscow region. As a result, the symbol of Moscow appeared in the upper left corner of the coat of arms.
T and p s g o r o d o in
Cities are characterized by regional differences. Adopted allotment western European, Arabic, African, Latin American and North American Types of Cities . They were under the influence of various factors: historical, economic, geographical, religious, etc.
Western European city
Western European city: the roots dates back to the times of the Roman Empire. In the center - the market square, town hall, the cathedral. The narrow streets of the Old Town radially differ from the center.
Arabic city
- Arab city: divided into new and old parts. The kernel of the old part is usually a strengthening (citadel). Its close rings surround the quarters of the Old Town. The main decoration is the colorful bazaars.
African city
The African city: addressed under the influence of European colonization introduced by her religion - Christianity, as well as later - Muslim. Combined European-type buildings with oriental bazaars, mosques and thickel quarters
Latin American city
- Latin American city: created as a colonial city according to a single plan, which Spain and Portugal have developed for their own possessions. The central part is similar to the center of the European City. On the outskirts there were poverty belts in which 30-50% of the population of the city live.
North American city
- North American city: it is characterized by specific features, primarily with his youth. It is characterized by a clear rectangular layout with a business center (downtown), in the rest of the city - low-rise individual buildings.
Diagram: "The role of cities in the modern world."
Output:
II. . Urbanization - The process of growth of cities and urban population, the spread of a city lifestyle, an increase in the economic role of the city.
Diagram: "Dynamics of the global urbanization process."
Conclusion: In the 20th century there is a "urban boom" - a sharp jump of the number
urban population.
The features of modern urbanization
1. Fast growth rates of urban population. What do you think in what
eCC countries or RS growth rates of cities above?
2. Concentration of industry and population in large cities.
3. Plugging cities, expansion of their territory, growth up and down.
As a result of the sprawling of cities appear city agglomeration .
Mountains agglomeration -
territorial grouping of urban and
rural settlements.
Currently there are about 20 agglomerations.
The largest urban agglomerations of the world (MILL.):
1. Mexico City (28) 5. Bombay (20) 9. Seoul (16)
2. Tokyo (27) 6. Beijing (19) 10. Calcutta (15)
3. Sao Paulo (26) 7. Jakarta (18)
4. Shanghai (23) 8. New York (17)
Agglomeration - This is a group of nearby cities, united by connections: labor, cultural and household, production
Moscow agglomeration
Mexico. City - agglomeration
(17.9 million people.)
New York. City - agglomeration
(16.6 million people.)
English and Priesin Megalopolis
Megalopolis Mira
Megalopolis - This is a urbanized zone formed by consolidated agglomerations.
In total, there are six megalopolis in the world:
USA - 3 (San San, Chipits, Boswash), Japan (Tokaido), Europe (English, Prince)
Megalopolis USA
The emergence of unfavorated slums. R urbanization is the distribution of urban forms of life in rural settlements, due to migration in them urban residents. The process of growth and development of the suburban zone of large cities, while the pace of development of cities - satellites is higher than the development of the core of the agglomeration. "width \u003d" 640 " L. Rubberization - rapid growth of numerical
urban population, not accompanied by an increase in the number
jobs \u003d the appearance of unknown slums.
R Urbanization - distribution of urban forms of life in
rural settlements, due to migration in them urban
lei.
FROM Uburbanization - the process of growth and development of suburban
zones of major cities, while the pace of development cities -
satellites higher than the pace of development nuclei of agglometer
tion .
50%), medium-eurbanized (from 20 to 50%) and weaklyosbanized ("width \u003d" 640 " Depending on the number of urban population (the level of urbanization), the countries differ in high-flowered (level of urbanization 50%), medium-banomed (from 20 to 50%) and weaklyosbanited ( 
51% weakly-checked card "width \u003d" 640 "
The share of urban population in different countries (in%)
In terms of urbanization, all countries are divided into three groups
Medium-eurbanized
20 - 50%
High-grained
Laromburganized
map
Urbanization level
more than 50%
from 20 to 50%
less than 20%
In addition to the urban form of resettlement, there are two more:
Forms of settlement
Rural
Urban
Nomadic
Despite the rapid growth of cities, about 1/2 population of the world still lives in rural areas, and the total number of rural settlements is 20 million.
The group form of resettlement prevails in Russia, in foreign Europe, China, Japan. Farms are most common in the USA, Canada, Australia.
In the areas of nomadic cattle breeding, constant settlements are generally absent, it is typical for Mongolia, as well as for the indigenous peoples of the North of Russia, Canada, USA.
Group
(VILLAGE)
Scattered
(Farm, farm)
Word output on the topic
lesson.
Topic 3 §4 (in the tutorial V.P. Maxakovsky).
Perform a task to the lesson.
At the cont. Map Apply:
1. The largest cities of the world
2. Megalopolis
3. Highlyburg, medium-banted, weakly-checked countries
(5 examples) \\
Description of the presentation on individual slides:
1 Slide
Slide description:
Urban and rural population. Urbanization as a global process. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10.
2 Slide
Slide description:
DEAR FRIEND! Today at the lesson you will get acquainted with the forms of urban and rural settlement of the world. We learn what urbanization is, what are its features, levels, pace, features. Consider environmental problems of modern cities. You have to work with cartographic material, analyze diagrams, graphics. At the end of the lesson, you will find a small test and creative homework. When working with each slide, do not go to the next until you work the current one. Good luck to you! Proceed
3 Slide
Slide description:
By the nature of the settlement, the population of the world can be divided into urban and rural. The rural settlement arose with the development of agriculture at present more than half of the world's population lives in rural areas. Rural settlements numbered 15 - 20 million. They differ in: - the value; - form; - Specialization of the economy.
4 Slide
Slide description:
Modern forms of rural settlement group (village) is most common in the countries of Central and Southern Europe, Russia, Japan in many developing countries. The scattered (farm) is most common in the USA, Canada, Australia, Nordic countries. In the countries of nomadic cattle breeding, constant settlements are absent.
5 Slide
Slide description:
The city's city settlement arose in ancient times as the centers of administrative power, trade and crafts. With the development of the industry, industrial production was concentrated in them, infrastructure was formed, transport links developed. 47% of the earth's population live in cities. Functions of modern cities: - industrial; - cultural; - scientific; - administrative; - Transport. Most cities - multifunctional
6 Slide
Slide description:
Task 1. Remember, in Russia, with what population population, the settlement is considered a city? What is the indicator, other than the population, is still taken into account? It is interesting! The definition of the city in different countries is different. For example, in Sweden, Denmark, Finland is considered to be the settlement of more than 200 people. In Canada, Australia - over 1 thousand people, in Germany, France - more than 2 thousand people, in the USA, Mexico - over 2.5 thousand people, in India, Iran - over 5 thousand people, in Switzerland, Malaysia - Over 10 thousand people, in the Netherlands, Nigeria - over 20 thousand people, in Japan - 30 thousand people,
7 Slide
Slide description:
Currently, the ratio of urban and rural population is changing. Task 2. Analyze the schedule and conclusion about how the dynamics of the downtown share of the urban population from 1700 to 2005 with the forecast for 2015.
8 Slide
Slide description:
REMEMBER! The process of growth of the urban population, an increase in the number of cities and their consolidation, the emergence of networks and systems of cities, the spread of the city lifestyle, as well as raising the role of cities in the modern world is called urbanization (from Lat. URBS - city) urbanization is the most important socio-economic process of modernity. In its development, three stages are distinguished: the initial stage is the XIX century. The urbanization process began in Europe and North America. The first half of the XX century. The growth of urban population and urbanization is accelerated by almost all regions of the world. The second half of the 20th century began the XXI century. Acceleration of the growth rate of the urban population, the development of large cities, the transition from the point city to the agglomeration, as well as the formation of megalopolis, which leads to the spread of the urban lifestyle to the countryside.
9 Slide
Slide description:
Task 3. Analyze the diagram and determined: - Which countries are leaders at the maximum and minimum share of the urban population - which type of countries prevails in each group.
10 Slide
Slide description:
Ch e r t u r b a n and z and and the rapid growth rates of urban population. Especially in less developed cities. Concentration of population mainly in large cities. Plugging cities of Weshry. Cities are converted to agglomeration, agglomeration in Megalopolis.
11 Slide
Slide description:
REMEMBER! Agglomeration - territorial groups of urban and rural settlements. Task 4. Analyze the diagram and determined: - what agglomerations in different periods were leaders; - which countries, developed or developing, are leading in different years by the number of agglomerations; - Write in the namebook names of the largest agglomerations.
12 Slide
Slide description:
Task 5. Find on the map "The largest cities of the world." Agglomerations that are among the 15 leaders. Apply them to the contour card.
13 Slide
Slide description:
Megalopolis is the largest form of urban resettlement, resulting from the merger of a large number of neighboring agglomerations. USA. The largest megalopolis: 1. Northeast or Bosvash includes 40 agglomerations (50 million people). The largest - Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington. 2. Priozena or chipits includes 35 agglomerations (35 million people). The largest - Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Pittsburgh. 3. California or San San includes 18 agglomerations (25 million people). The largest - San Francisco, Sacramento, San Jose, Los Angeles, San Diego. Task 6. Find these megalopolis on the map. Apply them to the contour card.
14 Slide
Slide description:
Japan. The largest megalopolis - Tokaido. It lives more than 70 million people, or 56% of the population of Japan. The largest agglomerations: Tokyo, Iokohama, Tiba, Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto, Nagoya. Task 7. Find this megalopolis on the map. Apply it to the contour card.
15 Slide
Slide description:
The growth rate of urbanization in the pace of urbanization is sharply distinguished by developed and developing countries. In developing countries, the growth rates of urban population are 4.5 times higher than the pace of developed countries. They are highest in Africa and Foreign Asia, in countries where the level of urbanization is the lowest. High rates of growth in the number of citizens in developing countries were called "urban explosion". It is accompanied by an increase in the number of large cities and cities millionaires.
16 Slide
Slide description:
Urbanization levels highly urbanized countries urbanized countries weakly urbanized countries share of urban population more than 50% of the urban population 20-50% in city population less than 20% UK Venezuela Kuwait Sweden Australia Japan Algeria Bolivia Nigeria India Congo Egypt Chad Ethiopia Somalia Niger Mali Zambia
17 Slide
Slide description:
Features of urbanization Surbanization - moving part of the urban population in the suburbs. This is due to the deterioration of environmental conditions in major cities, the increase in the cost of infrastructure. False or slum urbanization is a sharp increase in the share of the urban population in developing countries through the influx of rural population and education around the major cities of spontaneous settlements devoid of infrastructure.
18 Slide
Slide description:
Environmental problems of the cities of the city give 80% of all emissions into the atmosphere. All cities in the world annually "throw out" to the environment to 3 billion tons of solid waste, over 500 cubic meters. m of industrial and household wastewater, about 1 billion tons of aerosols. Natural landscapes change.
19 Slide
Slide description:
Task 8. Answer questions and tasks of the test using the proposed response forms (select the right line; select the correct answer, etc.), write the answers to the checklist and hand over the teacher. 1. Finish the definition: "Urbanization is ..." (choose the right line): a) the form of public accommodation; b) the growth of cities and the share of urban population, strengthening the values \u200b\u200bof cities and the spread of the urban lifestyle. 2. What are the basic principles laid down when dividing settlements on urban and rural? a) population (humanity); b) Functions of settlements, c) age of residents. 3. Find the correct answer among the proposed options: a) the share of urban population in the world is currently not exceeded 30%; b) Currently, 47% of the world's population live in cities; c) more than 9%, the population of the world is concentrated in urban settlements of the world. 4. The maximum share of the urban population is characteristic of a group of countries: a) Kuwait, Israel, Uruguay; b) Ethiopia, Cambodia, Nepal. 5. Complete the phrase: "false" urbanization is ... "(choose a faithful line): a) moving a part of the secured population in the suburbs; b) the growth of cities with the formation of slum areas in the group of developing countries; c) urbanization in oil-producing countries. 6. The greatest agglomeration of the world (choose a true line): a) New York, b) Tokyo, c) São Paulo. 7. The growth rates of the urban population are the highest in: a) foreign Asia; b) foreign Europe.
20 Slide
Slide description:
Task at home. P. 74-80 (Tutorial Maksakovsky V.P. "Economic and Social Geography of the World. Grade 10"). Do not forget to record your homework in the diary. 2. Creative. Write in Notebook Questions: - Is it possible to say that humanity entered into the path of turning our Earth in the "Planet-City"? - Urbanization - good or evil for the planet? - Can I manage to manage the urbanization process? Express your point of view. Thanks for the work at the lesson!
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