1. Sulfacyl sodium in eye drops.
2. Streptocide in ointment
3. Sulfadimezin tablets.
4. Sulfapyridazine tablets.
5. Phthalazol tablets.
6. Nitroxoline in tablets (dragées).
7. Furazolidone tablets.
8. Ofloxacin tablets.
9. Bactrim
II Be able to select and write in a prescription
1. Sulfanilamide for topical use.
2. A nitrofuran drug for the treatment of intestinal infections.
3. Sulfanilamide for the treatment of dysentery.
4. Fluoroquinolone for the treatment of pneumonia.
Literature
1. Kharkevich D.A. Pharmacology, 9th ed., M., GEOTAR-Med, 2008.
2. Mashkovsky M.D. Medicines, 15th ed., M., Medicine, 2006.
Antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents of different chemical groups: sulfonamides. Naphthyridines. 8-hydroxyquinolines. Quinolones. Nitrofurans. Quinoxalines
|
Drug name |
Release forms |
Mode of application |
|
Streptocide Streptocidum |
Powder 3 and 5 g Tablets of 0.3 and 0.5 Ointment 5% or 10°/o at 30.0 Liniment 5% at 30.0 |
Apply to the wound surface To lubricate the skin To lubricate the skin |
|
Sulfacyl sodium* (Albucid) Sulfacylum- sodium (Albucidum) |
Solution 10%, 20% and 30% (eye drops) 1.5 ml each Ointment 30% at 10.0 Solution 30% in ampoules of 5 ml |
1-2 drops in the eye 3 times a day Place behind the lower eyelid 2 times a day 3-5 ml intravenously slowly 2 times a day |
|
Norsulfazole Norsulfazolum |
Tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 |
For the first dose 2 g, then 1 g every 4 - 6 hours |
|
Sulfadimezin* Sulfadimezinum |
Tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 |
For the first dose 2 g, then 1 g every 4-6 hours |
|
Urosulfan Urosulfanum |
Powder, tablets 0.5 |
1-2 tablets 3 - 5 times a day |
|
Sulfapyridazine Sulfapiridazinum |
Tablets 0.5 |
2-4 tablets on the first day, then 1 - 2 tablets 1 time per day |
|
Sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxinum |
Tablets 0.2 and 0.5 |
2 each - 4 tablets on the first day, then 1-2 tablets once a day |
|
Phthalazole* Phthalazolum |
Tablets 0.5 |
2 tablets every 4-6 hours |
|
Salazopyridazine Salazodipyridazinum |
Tablets 0.5 | |
|
Salazodimethoxin Salazodimethoxinum |
Tablets 0.5 |
1 tablet 4 times a day after meals |
|
Bactrimum |
Official tablets |
1-2 tablets 2 times a day |
|
Sulfalene Sulfalenum |
Tablets 0.2 and 0.5 |
I. On the 1st day 1 g, then 0.2 per day (30 minutes before meals) II. 2.0 g 1 time every 7-10 days |
|
Nitroxoline* Nitroxolinum |
Tablets, dragees 0.05 each |
2 tablets (dragées) 4 times a day |
|
Nalidixic acid Acidum nalidixicum |
Tablets, capsules 0.5 |
1-2 tablets (capsules) 4 times a day |
|
Ofloxacin* Ofloxacinum |
Tablets of 0.1 and 0.2 Solution 0.2% in 100 ml bottles Solution 0.3% ( eye drops) 5 ml each Eye ointment 0.3% in tubes of 3 g |
1-2 tablets 2 times a day. 100 ml intravenously 1-2 times a day 1-2 drops per eye 3-4 times a day Place behind the lower eyelid 3-4 times a day |
|
Ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacinum |
Tablets 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75 and 1 g Solution 0.2% in bottles of 50 and 100 ml Solution 0.3% (eye drops) 5 and 10 ml |
1 tablet 2 times a day 50-100 ml intravenously 1 time per day 1-2 drops per eye every 4 hours |
|
Furazolidone* Furazolidonum |
Tablets 0.05 |
1-2 tablets 4 times a day after meals |
|
Furadonin Furadoninum |
Tablets 0.05 |
1-2 tablets 3-4 times a day |
|
Quinoxidine Chinoxidinum |
Tablets 0.25 |
1 tablet 3 times a day after meals. |
TEST CONTROL QUESTIONS
For questions 1-31, choose one answer, indicated by letters
Specify the group affiliation of the drugs:
1. Sulfadimezin. A. Group of sulfonamides.
2. Bactrim. B. Quinolone group.
3. Ofloxacin. C. Nitrofuran group.
4. Furazolidone. D. 8-hydroxyquinoline group.
5. Nalidixic acid. E. Quinoxaline group.
6. Phthalazol.
7. Ciprofloxacin.
8. Quinoxidine.
9. Sulfapyridazine.
10. Nitroxoline.
Note the nature of the effect on pathogens:
11. Bactrim. A – bactericidal.
12. Sulfadimezin. B – bacteriostatic.
13. Ofloxacin.
14. Nitroxoline.
15. Furazolidone.
16. Nalidixic acid.
Please indicate which group you belong to:
17. Urosulfan. A - short action.
18. Sulfalene. B - average duration of action.
19. Sulfapyridazine. C - long-acting.
20. Phthalazol. D - extra long-acting.
21. Bactrim.
22. Sulfadimezin.
Please indicate the optimal interval between drug prescriptions:
23. Sulfapyridazine. A. 4 - 6 hours.
24. Phthalazol. B. 12 o'clock.
25. Urosulfan. C. 24 hours.
26. Bactrim.
27. Sulfadimethoxine.
28. Sulfadimezin.
Synthetic chemotherapy antibacterial drug sulfonamide group.
Sulfadimezin is quickly absorbed and slowly excreted by the kidneys, resulting in a high and constant concentration of the drug in the blood.
Indications for use
Sulfadimezin is used for streptococcal, meningococcal, pneumococcal, gonococcal, colibacillary infections, etc.
Sulfadimezin is used in the treatment of pneumonia, meningococcal meningitis, gonorrhea, sepsis, dysentery, toxoplasmosis (in combination with Chloridine).
Sulfadimezin is especially effective for pneumococcal diseases and urinary tract infections.
Rules of application
The first time Sulfadimezin is given at a dose of 2 g, and then 1 g every 4-6 hours until the temperature decreases. The drug is continued for the next three days.
- For treatment dysentery in adults Sulfadimezin is prescribed on the 1st and 2nd days of illness, 1 g every 4 hours, on the 3rd and 4th days - every 6 hours, 1 g, on the 5th and 6th days - every 8 hours 1 g. After a 5–6-day break, a second cycle of treatment is carried out: on the 1st and 2nd days - 5 g of Sulfadimezine per day, on the 3rd and 4th days - 4 g per day, on the 5th day - 3 g per day.
- For treatment dysentery in children: for children under 3 years of age, Sulfadimezin is prescribed at the rate of 0.2 g of the drug per day per 1 kg of the child’s body weight for 7 days. Daily dose given in 4 doses without disturbing night's sleep. Children over 3 years of age are prescribed 0.4–0.75 g (depending on age), 4 times a day.
- For pneumonia and meningitis, 2 g of Sulfadimezine is prescribed for the first dose; for children at the rate of 0.1 g per 1 kg of body weight for the first dose, then 0.25 g/kg every 4, 6, 8 hours.
The highest dose of Sulfadimezine for adults orally: single dose - 2 g, daily dose - 7 g.
Side effects
Sulfadimezin is well tolerated by patients and is less likely than other sulfonamides to cause complications from the urinary tract.
Sometimes nausea, vomiting, allergic reactions, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, crystalluria.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, diseases of the hematopoietic system, impaired renal function.
special instructions
When treating with Sulfadimezine, it is necessary to administer copious amounts (2–3 liters per day) alkaline drink(Borjomi or ¼–½ teaspoon of baking soda in 1–2 glasses of water after each dose).
Composition and release form
Issued:
Prescription for Sulfadimezin
| Rp.: | Sulfadimezini | 0,5 |
| D.t. d. N 6 in tabul. | ||
| S. | ||
- Tablets containing 0.25 g and 0.5 g of sulfadimezine, in packages of 6 and 10 tablets.
- Tablets of 0.25 g (for children) composition: sulfadimezin - 0.25 g, sugar - 1.4 g, chocolate - 0.54 g, lemon acid- 0.005 g, fruit essence - 0.001 g, filler - 0.005 g.
- Powder (0.5 g).
Shelf life and storage conditions
Store with caution (list B) in a dry place, protected from light, out of reach of children.
The shelf life of Sulfadimezin is 10 years.
Properties
(Sulfadimezinum) - C 12 H 14 N 4 O 2 S - 4-amino-N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl) benzenesulfonamide - white or slightly yellowish powder, insoluble in water, easily soluble in dilute acids and alkalis .
Melting point - 198–201° C. Molecular mass - 278,33.
Analogs
Azetetazine. Diazil. Diazol. Dimetazil. Dimethazine. Dimethyldibenal. Dimethylsulfadiazine. Dimethyldisulfazine. Dimethylsulfapyrimidine. Domian. Mezin. Paramisin. Pirmazine. Rigazol. Savazol. Sulmet. Sulfadine. Sulfadimerazine. Sulfadimethylpyrimidine. Sulfadimethine. Sulfadimidine. Sulfazin. Sulfaisanol. Sulfamesatin. Sulfamethazine. Sulfamidine. Sulfapyl. Sulfaprocil. Sulfodimezin. Superseptile. Urazigol. Elkozin.
Release form:
Release form, description and composition
Pills white or white with a slightly yellowish tint, flat-cylindrical, with a chamfer and a notch.
Excipients: potato starch, talc, stearic acid, polysorbate 80.
Infectious inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:
Tonsillitis;
Sinusitis;
Otitis media;
Exacerbation chronic bronchitis;
Pneumonia;
Inflammatory diseases of the biliary and urinary tract;
Shigellosis;
Wound infection.
Refers to diseases:
- Bronchitis
- Sinusitis
- Infections
- Otitis
- Pneumonia
- Erysipelas
- Tonsillitis
- Shigellosis
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity (including to other sulfonamides);
Inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis;
Chronic renal failure;
Azotemia;
Congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
Porphyria;
Children under 3 years of age;
Hyperbilirubinemia in children (risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy).
Carefully
Patients with impaired liver function, with allergic diseases in the anamnesis.
Directions for use and dosage:
Taken orally.
Pneumonia
For adults- 2 g are prescribed for 1 dose, then 1 g 4-6 times a day.
For children over 3 years old- 0.1 g/kg for the first dose, then 0.1-0.15 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
The drug is stopped 2-3 days after the symptoms of the disease disappear.
Tonsillitis
For adults- 1 g 2-3 times a day;
For children over 3 years old- 0.05-0.075 g/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses.
Duration of therapy: 5-7 days.
Sinusitis
For adults- 1 g 4-6 times a day;
For children over 3 years old
Otitis media
For adults- 1 g 2 times a day;
For children over 3 years old- 0.05-0.075 g/kg/day, divided into 2 doses.
Duration of therapy: 7-10 days.
Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
For adults- 1 g 4-6 times a day;
For children over 3 years old- 0.1-0.15 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
Duration of therapy: 10-14 days.
Inflammatory diseases of the biliary and urinary tract
For adults- 0.5 g 4-6 times a day;
For children over 3 years old
Duration of therapy: 7-10 days.
Shigellosis: 2 courses of treatment are carried out.
First course: days 1 and 2 - 1 g every 4 hours (total 6 g/day), days 3 and 4 - 1 g every 6 hours (4 g/day), days 5 and 6 - 1 g every 8 hours (3 g/day).
After 5-6 days, a second course is carried out: days 1 and 2 - 1 g every 4 hours, at night - every 8 hours (total 5 g/day), days 3 and 4 - 1 g every 4 hours (4 g/day, do not give at night), day 5 - 3 g/day.
Erysipelas
For adults- 1 g 4-6 times a day.
For children over 3 years old- 0.1-0.15 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
Duration of therapy: 7-10 days.
Wound infections:
For adults- 2 g for 1 dose, then 1 g 4-6 times a day.
For children over 3 years old- 0.05-0.075 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
Duration of therapy at mild form- 5-7 days, in severe form - about 10 days.
Higher doses
For adults: one-time - 2 g, daily - 7 g;
For children over 3 years old: daily - 0.1-0.15 g/kg.
Side effect:
Nausea, vomiting, crystalluria, allergic reactions, leukopenia, agranulocytosis.
Overdose:
There are no data on overdose.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding:
The drug is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
Interaction with other drugs:
Reduces the effectiveness of bactericidal and antibiotics that act only on dividing microorganisms (including penicillins and cephalosporins).
Increases (mutually) the hematotoxicity of chloramphenicol, thiamazole.
Benzocaine and procaine reduce antimicrobial activity (during hydrolysis they release para-aminobenzoic acid).
Ascorbic acid and methenamine increase the risk of developing crystalluria.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hypoglycemic medicines(sulfonylurea derivatives), phenytoin and coumarin anticoagulants increase the severity of side effects drug (leukopenia, agranulocytosis).
Antacids reduce intestinal absorption.
For toxoplasmosis, combination with pyrimethamine is possible.
Myelotoxic drugs increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of the drug.
Special instructions and precautions:
During treatment, adequate fluid intake should be ensured due to the risk of developing crystalluria.
With long-term use, monitoring of peripheral blood parameters is necessary.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery
Does not affect driving or occupation potentially dangerous species activities requiring increased concentration attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Storage conditions:
Store in a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children.
Trade name:
Sulfadimezin
International name:
Sulfadimidine
Group affiliation:
Antimicrobial agent, sulfonamide
Description active substance(INN):
Sulfadimidine
Dosage form:
pills
Pharmachologic effect:
Antimicrobial bacteriostatic agent, sulfanilamide. The mechanism of action is due to competitive antagonism with PABA, inhibition of dihydropteroate synthetase, disruption of the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, necessary for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines. Active against gram-positive and gram-negative cocci, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Yersinia pestis, Chlamydia spp., Actinomyces israelii, Toxoplasma gondii.
Indications:
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive microflora: pneumonia, gonorrhea, sepsis, dysentery, toxoplasmosis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis, inflammatory diseases of the biliary and urinary tract, erysipelas, wound infection.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity, inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis, chronic renal failure, hyperbilirubinemia in children (risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy), congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, porphyria, azotemia, pregnancy, lactation.
Side effects:
Nausea, vomiting, crystalluria, allergic reactions, leukopenia, agranulocytosis.
Directions for use and dosage:
Orally, 1 g 4-6 times a day. For pneumonia and meningitis at the first dose - 2 g; for children - at the rate of 0.1 g/kg for the first dose, then 0.25 g/kg every 4, 6, 8 hours. Higher doses for adults: single - 2 g, daily - 7 g; for children under 1 year of age the daily dose is 0.15 g/kg, for children over 1 year of age the daily dose is 0.1-0.15 g/kg. For dysentery, 2 courses of treatment are carried out. First course: on days 1 and 2 - 1 g every 4 hours (total 6 g/day), days 3 and 4 - 1 g every 6 hours (4 g/day), days 5 and 6 - 1 g every 8 hours ( 3 g/day). After 5-6 days, a second course is carried out: days 1 and 2 - 1 g every 4 hours, at night - every 8 hours (total 5 g/day), days 3 and 4 - 1 g every 4 hours (4 g/day, do not give at night), day 5 - 3 g/day.
special instructions:
Interaction:
Reduces the effectiveness of bactericidal antibiotics that act only on dividing microorganisms (including penicillins and cephalosporins). Increases (mutually) the hematotoxicity of chloramphenicol, thiamazole. Benzocaine and procaine reduce antimicrobial activity (PABA is released upon hydrolysis). Ascorbic acid and hexamethylenetetramine increase the risk of developing crystalluria. NSAIDs, hypoglycemic drugs (sulfonylurea derivatives), phenytoin and coumarin anticoagulants increase the severity of side effects. Antacids reduce intestinal absorption. For toxoplasmosis, combination with pyrimethamine is possible. Myelotoxic drugs increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of the drug.
Description of the drug Sulfadimezin is not intended for prescribing treatment without the participation of a doctor.
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Antibacterial sulfonamide drug
Active substance
Sulfadimidine
Release form, composition and packaging
Pills white or white with a slightly yellowish tint, flat-cylindrical, with a chamfer and a notch.
Excipients: potato starch, talc, stearic acid, polysorbate 80.
10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (2) - cardboard packs.
10 pieces. - cellless contour packages (500) - cardboard boxes.
pharmachologic effect
— otitis media;
- exacerbation of chronic bronchitis;
- pneumonia;
- inflammatory diseases of the biliary and urinary tracts;
- shigellosis;
- wound infection.
Contraindications
- hypersensitivity (including to other sulfonamides);
- inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis;
- azotemia;
- congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
- porphyria;
— childhood up to 3 years;
- hyperbilirubinemia in children (risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy).
Carefully
Patients with impaired liver function, with a history of allergic diseases.
Dosage
For adults- 2 g are prescribed for 1 dose, then 1 g 4-6 times a day.
For children over 3 years old- 0.1 g/kg for the first dose, then 0.1-0.15 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
The drug is stopped 2-3 days after the symptoms of the disease disappear.
Tonsillitis
For adults- 1 g 2-3 times a day;
For children over 3 years old- 0.05-0.075 g/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses.
Duration of therapy: 5-7 days.
Sinusitis
For adults- 1 g 4-6 times a day;
For children over 3 years old
Otitis media
For adults- 1 g 2 times a day;
For children over 3 years old- 0.05-0.075 g/kg/day, divided into 2 doses.
Duration of therapy: 7-10 days.
Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
For adults- 1 g 4-6 times a day;
For children over 3 years old- 0.1-0.15 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
Duration of therapy: 10-14 days.
Inflammatory diseases of the biliary and urinary tract
For adults- 0.5 g 4-6 times a day;
For children over 3 years old
Duration of therapy: 7-10 days.
Shigellosis: 2 courses of treatment are carried out.
First course: days 1 and 2 - 1 g every 4 hours (total 6 g/day), days 3 and 4 - 1 g every 6 hours (4 g/day), days 5 and 6 - 1 g every 8 hours (3 g/day).
After 5-6 days, a second course is carried out: days 1 and 2 - 1 g every 4 hours, at night - every 8 hours (total 5 g/day), days 3 and 4 - 1 g every 4 hours (4 g/day, do not give at night), day 5 - 3 g/day.
Erysipelas
For adults- 1 g 4-6 times a day.
For children over 3 years old- 0.1-0.15 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
Duration of therapy: 7-10 days.
Wound infections:
For adults- 2 g for 1 dose, then 1 g 4-6 times a day.
For children over 3 years old- 0.05-0.075 g/kg/day, divided into 4-6 doses.
The duration of therapy for mild forms is 5-7 days, for severe forms it is about 10 days.
Higher doses
For adults: one-time - 2 g, daily - 7 g;
For children over 3 years old: daily - 0.1-0.15 g/kg.
Side effects
Nausea, vomiting, crystalluria, allergic reactions, leukopenia, agranulocytosis.
Overdose
There are no data on overdose.
Drug interactions
Reduces the effectiveness of bactericidal and antibiotics that act only on dividing microorganisms (including penicillins and cephalosporins).
Increases (mutually) the hematotoxicity of chloramphenicol, thiamazole.
Benzocaine and procaine reduce antimicrobial activity (during hydrolysis they release para-aminobenzoic acid).
Methenamine increases the risk of developing crystalluria.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hypoglycemic drugs (sulfonylurea derivatives), phenytoin and coumarin anticoagulants increase the severity of the side effects of the drug (leukopenia, agranulocytosis).
Reduce absorption in the intestines.
For toxoplasmosis, combination with pyrimethamine is possible.
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