The Sea of Marmara is located between the Asia Minor and European parts of Turkey, and is connected to the Black Sea - the Bosphorus Strait, as well as to the Aegean Sea through the Dardanelles Strait. The Sea of Marmara is small, only 280 km long, with a maximum width of 80 km. IN summer time waters warm up to 29C, in winter time no higher than 9C. Water salinity is much higher than in the Black Sea, it can be compared with the Mediterranean. The coastal zone is steep, rocky, covered with forests. Along the northern coast you can see a large number of underwater reefs, thereby making this sea attractive for diving. Resort time begins in May and ends in October. Since the Sea of Marmara connects the Black Sea, as well as Mediterranean Sea, shipping lines pass through it, which has a bad effect on the purity and quality of water. Far from large ports, in the resort area the sea is clean. Since the Sea of Marmara is small and shallow, there are rarely intense storms and waves, which is quite important for choosing a vacation spot with family and children.
The southern coast of the Sea of Marmara from the western part to the east has such resorts as Yalova, Mudanya, Armutlu and Erdek. They are calm, secluded, clean, with colorful rolling hills.
Resort areas in the region, in addition to the clear sea, as well as beaches with golden sand, are popular for their hot springs and healing mud. People who suffer from diseases of the musculoskeletal system, metabolic diseases, and stomach diseases come to this place to improve their health. You can get to these places either by direct flight or by ferry directly from Istanbul.
The most popular and oldest resort on the Sea of Marmara is Erdek. There are good sandy beaches, the infrastructure was created specifically for the comfort of tourists (shops, restaurants and cafes). Not so far from the resort, on the coast of Lake Manyas, there is a fascinating natural attraction - the Kushdzheneti National Park Area. It is notable for the fact that this lake becomes a resting stop for birds during seasonal migrations. Here you can often meet photographers and scientists watching birds. Every year in spring and autumn, armed with cameras and binoculars, they go to these places to look at different types birds.
Resorts on the Sea of Marmara
From the northern part of the Kapi Dag Peninsula, near the southern shore of the Sea of Marmara, there are small islands. All of them can be characterized by a mild climate, and even in the heat of the day, due to the sea breeze, this place is not very hot. These islands are known among local residents as a holiday destination. There are practically no Europeans here.
The largest island is Marmara, it became famous because of the deposit of white marble, which is why the sea is called Marmara. Marble is still mined here today. Marmara was settled by the Ionian Greek people around the 3rd millennium. The most interesting thing is that until the First World War, only Greeks lived on the island. This island has a hilly topography, the shores are mostly steep with the presence of small bays where the beaches are located. In the main city of the island, which has the same name, there is a historical museum under open air. This is a place where you can have a great time with your family.
Closer to the south of Marmara is the small island of Turkeli. He is famous clear sea and beaches, as well as primeval nature. The local population gives it greater preference and the majority have country houses in this place. You will hardly find visiting tourists from other countries in this place precisely for this reason, and prices are lower than at mainland resorts. Turkeli is one of the few places where you can taste Turkish wine. The island is famous for its own vineyards and wine cellars. The most interesting thing is that the history of winemaking in Turkey goes back more than a thousand years, according to archaeological excavations in the 6th-8th century BC Winemaking was already thriving in this area. Production in this area was slightly suspended due to the arrival of Muslims in the area. Today Türkiye is the fourth largest grape producer in the world. 40% of all production is wine.
You can get to the islands in the Sea of Marmara by boat or ferry. Water transport departs from Istanbul, Erdek and Tekirdag.
The Sea of Marmara (Turkish: Marmara Denizi) is located on the border of two parts of the world, Europe and Asia, in Turkey, washing its shores. It is connected to the Black Sea by the Bosphorus Strait, and to the Aegean Sea by the Dardanelles Strait. The Sea of Marmara is the smallest sea on Earth. The shores of the Sea of Marmara are mostly high, steep and dissected. There are several mountain ranges along the coast. The Sea of Marmara contains several bays, peninsulas and islands. The Marmara Sea coast has many faces with endless beaches, cozy coves and modern hotels.
Length – 280 km.
Width – 80 km.
Area – 11,472 sq. km
Volume – about 4,000 cubic meters. km
Average depth – 250 meters
The greatest depth is 1360 meters.
The name of the sea comes from the name of the island of Marmara (Turkish: Marmara). Yours modern name received in 1788 after a survey of the sea by the English captain John Marshall. The Sea of Marmara was formed as a result of a fault earth's crust, which divided Europe, Asia and Africa. The territory of the Sea of Marmara is located in a seismically active region, which is why earthquakes often occur and, as a result, tsunamis.
Islands of the Sea of Marmara
There are a total of 23 islands in the Sea of Marmara.Marmara(tour. Marmara): The largest island in the western part of the Sea of Marmara. Territory of Turkey. White marble has been mined on the island since ancient times. There are quarries on Marmara where marble is still mined today. The island is approximately 17 km long and 8 km wide. The highest point on the island is Mount Buyuk Çayir, 699 meters high. Most Big city- Marmara. The city's open-air museum houses works of art Ancient world and Byzantium. The main fairway of the Sea of Marmara runs near the island. There is a “Marble” beach on the island.
Turkeli or Avsha(Turkeli Adasi, Avsa): Located south of Marmara Island, opposite Cape Aba. The length of Turkeli Island is 8.3 km, with a maximum width of 4.8 km. The island is located, as it were, on one giant granite stone. About 3,600 people live on Avsha Island. There are a great many mini hotels along the entire coast. The island is visited mainly by European tourists. About 80,000 tourists visit the island every year. One of the favorite vacation spots of Istanbul residents. There is a ferry from Istanbul every day, 4 times a day. Due to the mild climate, the island is fresh and comfortable even in the July heat. The island has beautiful beaches, such as the sandy Altinkum Beach (Golden Sand). Türkeli Island is famous for its vineyards and wine cellars. By the end of September, due to strong winds, hotels close.
Ekinlik(Ekinlik): Located next to Turkeli Island. The length of Ekinlik Island is 3.6 km and the maximum width is 1 km. The shape of the island resembles an inverted spoon. There is a small village on the island.
Pashalimany(Pasalimani): Located next to Turkeli Island in the east of the island. The length of Pashalimani Island is 9 km and the maximum width is 6.9 km. The entire island is covered with picturesque groves
Princes' Islands(tourist Prens Adaları): The Princes' Islands are a group of 9 islands located in the eastern part of the Sea of Marmara and 15 km from Istanbul. The Princes' Islands are often referred to simply as Adalar (Isles). The total area of all islands is 10.8 square meters. km. They got their name because these islands were the favorite vacation spot of the Byzantine princes. Princes' Islands is a popular resort destination near Istanbul. Ferries depart every hour. The fare is 3 liras. Mostly tourists visit the largest island – Buyukada. Buyukada ("Big Island") is 4.3 km long and 1.5 km wide. Northern part The island is built up with luxury cottages. South part The island is covered with pine forest. The island can be reached by ferry in 1 hour. Motor transport is prohibited on the island. Tourists are offered numerous horseback riding, cycling and hiking. The second largest is the island of Heybeliada (Turkish: Heybeliada). The island is 2.5 km long and 1.3 km wide. Burgazada Island (Turkish: Burgazada), with a population of about 1,500 people. The third largest island of the archipelago. Other islands: Kınalıada (Turkish), area 1.3 sq. km; Sedefadasy (Turkish: Sedefadası), its area is 0.157 square meters. km.; the remaining islands are very small, with an area of less than 0.05 square meters. km - Yassyada (Turkish: Yassıada), Sivriada (Turkish: Sivriada), Kaşıkadasy (Turkish: Kaşıkadası) and Tavshanadasy (Turkish: Tavşanadası).
Sights of the Marmara Sea coast
The Marmara Sea area is rich historical monuments. Of course, Istanbul and its surroundings are the richest area in sights; it would take at least three days to get around them: the Bayezid II Mosque, the Suleiman Mosque, the Topkapi Seraglio palace complex, which houses a museum with a collection of the Sultan’s jewelry, as well as items that belonged to the Prophet Muhammad, the palace Dolma Baggen (XIX century) and others. In the city of Izmit: an 18th-century Ottoman palace (currently occupied by an ethnographic museum). In the old city, next to the Orhan Gazi Mosque, there is the mausoleum of Sheikh Edebala
Marmara Sea Resorts
Yalova- a city on the shores of the Sea of Marmara. The ancient name is Helenapolis. The city was named so by Emperor Constantine in honor of his mother Helen. Yalova is famous for its thermal center and its healing water. In the east of the city of Yalova, 15 km away is the Chynarjik resort with magnificent beaches and modern recreation centers. On the coast of the Sea of Marmara there is one of the oldest and most famous resorts - Erdek. From Seyitgazi Hill there is a beautiful panorama of the Sea of Marmara. The town of Erdek is surrounded by olive groves and is beautiful because it is practically unspoilt modern civilization. Turkeli (Avsha) is an island popular among tourists. Known for its luxurious beaches.
The Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea are the most important waterways not only for Turkey, but also for other border countries. The most intensive shipping occurs in the Marmara Sea basin. The coast of the Sea of Marmara is characterized by high population density, activity and the convenience of natural and artificial harbors of the Sea of Marmara. The Sea of Marmara is an ice-free sea. Istanbul is the largest port of the Sea of Marmara. Bondirma is the second largest port of the Sea of Marmara. The Sea of Marmara has a large number of berths. The Sea of Marmara is also used to transport goods to the resort islands
There are many resorts on the Marmara Sea in Turkey, settlements and islands where you can relax. The coast here is beautiful. The rocky terrain, covered with forests, many attractions of ancient times, the coastline in the south divided by bays and bays, and the reef elevations on the northern shore create a unique picturesque landscape.
The Sea of Marmara divides Turkey into European and Asia Minor parts. It is connected to the Aegean Sea through the Dardanelles in the southwest, and to the Black Sea in the northeast through the Bosphorus Strait.
The Sea of Marmara, 280 km long and 80 km wide, is shallow. Maximum depth– 1355 m. For example, the maximum depth of the Black Sea is 2245 m, the Aegean Sea is 3547 m.
The emergence of the Sea of Marmara is associated with the largest split in the earth's crust, which divided the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa. The flora, fauna and salinity of the reservoir are identical to Mediterranean indicators.
The Sea of Marmara is an inland sea and the smallest sea on earth. Otherwise called “Predmorye”.
Where did the name “Sea of Marmara” come from? The thing is that on the island of Marmara there is the largest deposit of white marble, which is still mined today. Based on the name of the rock, both the island and the sea were renamed from the Greek “Prokonessos” to “Marmara”. However, among the Greeks you can still hear the old name.
Sea of Marmara on the map
Who is suitable for a holiday on the Marmara Sea?
- Families with children. The Sea of Marmara is very shallow, there are no storms here, and the water temperature in summer reaches +30°C. This is a paradise for kids and their parents. Safety and comfort are the distinctive advantages of the local resorts.
- People who want to improve their health. Since there are many thermal springs on the coast of the Sea of Marmara, we can safely say that a holiday at the “marble” resorts will have a positive effect on the condition of the whole body, saturate it with micro- and macroelements, and improve barrier function skin and improve immunity.
- Divers. Not only the clear sea will give unforgettable experiences to scuba diving enthusiasts. Numerous coral reefs decorate the seascape.
- For lovers of a relaxing holiday. The resorts of the Marmara Sea are not so crowded with tourists; mostly locals relax here. For those who don’t like parties and tourist noise, the Sea of Marmara is perfect.
- Those who want to save money. For 600-800 dollars for two, it is quite possible to have a decent rest in a hotel with a swimming pool. There is an opportunity to stay in a camping town (tents, motorhomes) “Mocamp” not far from Istanbul.
- Travelers to historical places. There are many artifacts of antiquity here. Ancient cities, temples and historical sites create a special flavor. For example, the city of Iznik once held the first Ecumenical Council in the history of Christianity. It was here that the Creed was adopted and the time for the celebration of Easter was determined.
The main resorts of the Marmara Sea: a brief description
- Marmara Island. The resort is designed for family holidays, but divers will also like it with its steep rocky shores. The climate here is mild and the summer heat is easily tolerated.
- Turkeli Island. For lovers of wine and wild, untouched nature, this island – just paradise. The coast is famous for its cleanest sea water and many vineyards.
- Yalova. In addition to sea recreation, visitors can enjoy therapeutic mud treatments and swimming in thermal springs. There are also beautiful waterfalls here.
- Erdek. This resort with sandy beaches has a developed infrastructure. There are plenty of shops, restaurants and eateries here. This place is also famous thanks to National Park Kushjeneti. Here you can observe the seasonal migration of birds. In spring and autumn, various species of birds flock to the lake. A unique spectacle!
- Izmit – the city is located near Istanbul, which makes it attractive for tourists. You won't be bored. Do you want to relax on a beach surrounded by greenery? Head to the coast of Izmit. Do you want bright emotions and unforgettable impressions? Go on a tour of Istanbul.
- Genen – another rich resort medicinal sources and ancient sights.
- Chekirge. The resort has healing thermal springs, hotels offer vacationers relaxation in thermal baths.
- Mudanya – party town. There are many restaurants, nightclubs, fish shops, etc.
- Chan - a resort with sulfur springs, which have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
The shores of the continents are washed by four oceans. The Sea of Marmara is located in the waters of one of them, the Atlantic. How it is formed, what its depth is, read the article.
Characteristic
The Sea of Marmara is the smallest sea on the planet by area. Its length reaches two hundred and eighty kilometers, and its width is 80 km. Where is the Sea of Marmara and what is the depth of the reservoir? The seabed is formed by three basins. The depth of two of them reaches 1,260 meters, and the third - 1,404. More than half of the sea area is the coastal zone, the depth of which is ninety to one hundred meters.
The Sea of Marmara is characterized by uneven salinity of water. At great depths it is the same as in the Mediterranean Sea, and at the very surface it is like in the Black Sea, the waters of which are diluted by the rivers flowing into it. The level of the two seas, namely the Black and Marmara, is different. The first one is higher than the second one, so its waters smoothly flow through the Bosphorus into the Sea of Marmara, on the surface of which a constant flow with low salinity water. A parallel process takes place in the deep layers. The salty waters filling the Aegean Sea are pumped into the Marmara Sea, and currents passing at depth carry them to the Black Sea.
Where is the Sea of Marmara located? The photo is provided for your viewing pleasure. It is located in Turkey, being an inland reservoir of the country. It attracts tourists from different parts of the world because it does not freeze in winter. The temperature of surface waters during the cold period is approximately nine degrees Celsius. This is a very warm sea. In summer its temperature is twenty-nine degrees. The shores are home to small towns built for tourist recreation.
origin of name
The sea is named after one of its largest islands - Marmara, which is translated from Latin language means "marble". Stone mining was carried out on this island. The Sea of Marmara left a deep imprint on the culture of the Greeks. They called it Predmorye. People of different nationalities lived on the coast, forming villages and colonies. After a number of high-profile events of that time, the Sea of Marmara went to Turkey, formed in 1923.
Location
Where is the Sea of Marmara located? Its location is the territory of Turkey. The sea separates the Asia Minor part, which occupies 97% of the entire area of the country, and the European part, which stretches to the Balkan Peninsula. This is a small body of water compared to other seas in the world.
Through the Bosphorus Strait it communicates with the Aegean - through the Dardanelles. The Sea of Marmara is an important transport facility. Sea routes have passed through it for a long time. Where is the Sea of Marmara located? Its location is the border between Europe and Asia, as well as the territory of a country such as Turkey. There are constantly cargo and passenger ships in the sea area. They transport tons of different cargo and a large number of people.
Place of education
Where is the Sea of Marmara located? The place of its formation is a depression in the earth's crust. It appeared around the same time as the Black and Aegean Seas. By historical standards, this period was about 2.5 million years ago.
In those distant times, the Sea of Marmara was a lake. About seven and a half years ago, the Mediterranean Sea was replenished with waters from the Atlantic, which through the Dardanelles (then the strait was still a river) entered the lake with beautiful name Marble. it has increased significantly.
Seismic activity
We mentioned above where the Sea of Marmara is located and how it was formed. But there is an important nuance. In the sea area the area is turbulent. Tsunamis and earthquakes often occur here, caused by faults in the seabed. Over the past ten centuries, approximately three hundred earthquakes have occurred various strengths. In some cases, waves two and a half meters high rose up to forty times. The natural disaster caused a lot of destruction and loss of life.
Currently, weather forecasters and geologists in Turkey do not give comforting forecasts. They believe that in 2030 there may be a huge earthquake with an epicenter in the vicinity of the country's capital, Istanbul. The consequences of such a catastrophe will be irreparable.
Islands of the Sea of Marmara
The area is characterized by the presence of island groups with different names:
- The Marmara Islands are characterized by the presence of giant quarries, where marble was mined in ancient times. They are accessible to tourists.
- Imrali is an island that became the place of imprisonment for the leader of the workers' party. This is what he became famous for.
- The island of Genen is famous for its thermal water springs, the temperature of which reaches eighty degrees above zero.
- Pashalimani Island is famous for the growth of plane tree groves on it.
- Gelibolu Peninsula. On its territory there is a park of national importance, which is characterized by the presence of the Salt Lake and monuments to Turkish soldiers.
Where is the Sea of Marmara located? physical map peace? It is located in the Atlantic Ocean. This bright, amazingly beautiful sea is located surrounded by Turkish lands between Asia Minor and European territories.
The Sea of Marmara lies on the border of Asia and Europe. It is considered one of the inland seas of the Atlantic Ocean. The reservoir connects the Black and Aegean seas, communicating with them through the straits. Communication with the Black Sea is carried out through the Bosphorus Strait, and with the Aegean through the Dardanelles Strait.
The length of the reservoir is 280 km, the maximum width is 80 km. The area of the water surface reaches 11,350 square meters. km or 4380 sq. miles. The maximum depth corresponds to 1370 meters. Average volume water is equal to 3382 cubic meters. km.
Bosphorus it is 30 km long with a maximum width in the northern part of 3.7 km and a minimum width of 0.7 km in the southern part. The depth of the fairway varies from 35 to 80 meters. It has upper and lower currents. The fresher upper one carries water from the Black Sea to the Marmara Sea. The saltier lower one, on the contrary, directs masses of water from Mramornye to Chernoye. On the banks of the strait is the city of Istanbul.
Dardanelles Strait equal to 65 km in length with a width of 1.2 to 6 km. The maximum depth corresponds to 103 meters with an average of 52 meters. Connects the Aegean Sea with the Sea of Marmara. In ancient times the strait was called the Hellespont. In more late times was renamed after the mythological city of Dardania, supposedly built on Mount Ida. Currently, in the southern part of the strait on the coast of Asia Minor there is the port city of Canakkale. The city's coastline forms Canakkale Bay.
Water temperature in winter it is 9-10 degrees Celsius. In summer upper layer warms up to 28-29 degrees Celsius. The salinity of the water is higher than in the Black Sea, but lower than in the waters of the world's oceans. At the same time, the bulk of salt water is concentrated at depth. She has high density, and it does not rise to the surface.
The southern coast is very indented with bays and bays. Here you can name such bays as Izmit, Germik, Bandirma and Erdek. The northern coast is characterized by underwater reefs.
Name of the sea
The name is intriguing and it actually has something to do with marble. In the western part of the reservoir is the island of Marmara. The island is big. Its area is 130 sq. km. It has a rich deposit of white marble. This is where the name of the reservoir came from. In Greek, the word "marble" is translated as "marmaron". In English it sounds like "sea of marmara". Well, in Russian it was renamed as the Sea of Marmara.
Sea of Marmara on the map
Islands and rivers
The largest islands are Marmara and Princes. There is already information about Marmara general idea, and as for the Princes, there are nine of them. They are located very close to Istanbul. Their total area is 10.83 square meters. km. The largest island is Buyukada. Its area is 5.36 square meters. km. In second place is the island of Heybeliada with with total area 2.4 sq. km. The third place is occupied by the island of Burgaz. Its area is 1.5 square meters. km. The other islands are much smaller.
IN salty pond Only small rivers flow in, mostly from the Asian coast. One of the largest is the Granik or Biga River. This water stream begins on the slope of the legendary Mount Ida. Its length is 80 km. In summer, the river resembles a large stream due to low level water.
This water stream is more remarkable for its history than its size. It flows past the city of Biga. In this place in 334 BC. e. Alexander the Great entered the battle with Persian troops under the command of Darius III. The Persians were defeated. This victory was the first in a series of victories of the great commander of antiquity. In the chronicles of that time, the river was described as a mighty water stream with fast currents and circulation.
There is also the Susurluk River, which also does not amaze the imagination with its size. It would be more correct to call other rivers and rivulets large streams that feed a salty reservoir with fresh water.
Economy
A cozy body of water, hidden between the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor, is of great economic importance not only for Turkey, but also for many other Mediterranean countries. Sea trade routes from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean pass through it. Numerous peoples with a rich culture have lived on the shores since ancient times. Fishing and tourism are well developed in these fertile places.
At the end of December 1999, a Russian oil tanker of the Volgoneft-248 type crashed in the Sea of Marmara. The tragedy happened right on the roadstead seaport Ambarly. The cause was a strong storm. A huge 5-meter wave split the tanker in half. The ship carried 4.5 thousand tons of petroleum products. Fortunately, only a small part of them ended up in the sea, so environmental disaster managed to avoid.
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