The material contains data on the Asian subregion. Tells about its specifics and growth rates in terms of the main factors of development and development of territories in their modern form and condition. The article gives an idea of what caused such rapid progress in individual countries of Southeast Asia.
Asia subregion
This is a kind of macro-region. It covers continental and island-type territories that are located between China, India and Australia.
Rice. 1. Southeast Asia on the map.
From a geological point of view, the region is considered a volcanic area of the planet. However, this is compensated by tropical climatic conditions and unique nature, which captivates with the number of exotic representatives of flora and fauna.
The region stretches for 3.2 thousand km in the direction from north to south and 5.6 thousand km in the direction from west to east. Almost a hundred nationalities live here, making up almost 8% of the total population of the Earth.
The island of Java is particularly densely populated and is recognized as the most populated area on the planet.
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Rice. 2. Island of Java.
Now, due to the similarity of geographical and natural conditions a typical economic, cultural and ideological complex for the region was formed.
Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos are also called the Indo-Chinese powers, and the island countries are designated by the common name Nusantara.
The states are in a commonwealth through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which includes all except East Timor.
The backbone of the community is the region itself, which has high growth rates - 8-10% per year, with an average of 2-3% for countries with a developed industrial complex.
List of Southeast Asian countries
- Vietnam;
- Cambodia;
- Laos;
- Myanmar;
- Thailand;
- Brunei;
- East Timor;
- Philippines;
- Malaysia;
- Indonesia;
- Singapore.
Currently, countries, like their capitals, are rapidly progressing. This is indicated by the high positions they occupy in modern world. New industrial powers are developing extremely quickly. Here, the main importance is attached to: the level of education of the population, as well as the development of the economy and the creation of new production capacities.
According to the level of development index human potential Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia occupy leading positions in the world.
Rice. 3. Night Singapore.
The main feature of such countries is the transparency of the economy, the formation of industries based on high technologies, high level service sector, tourism orientation, attractiveness for foreign investors, significant investments in their own economy.
The rapidly developing region occupies 30% of the entire earth's land, which is 43 million km². Extends from Pacific Ocean before Mediterranean Sea, from the tropics to North Pole. He has a very interesting story, rich past and unique traditions. More than half (60%) of the world's population lives here - 4 billion people! You can see what Asia looks like on the world map below.
All Asian countries on maps
Asia world map:
Political map foreign Asia:
Physical map of Asia:
Countries and capitals of Asia:
List of Asian countries and their capitals
A map of Asia with countries gives a clear idea of their location. The list below is the capitals of Asian countries:
- Azerbaijan, Baku.
- Armenia – Yerevan.
- Afghanistan - Kabul.
- Bangladesh - Dhaka.
- Bahrain – Manama.
- Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan.
- Bhutan – Thimphu.
- East Timor - Dili.
- Vietnam – .
- Hong Kong - Hong Kong.
- Georgia, Tbilisi.
- Israel – .
- - Jakarta.
- Jordan - Amman.
- Iraq - Baghdad.
- Iran - Tehran.
- Yemen - Sana'a.
- Kazakhstan, Astana.
- Cambodia – Phnom Penh.
- Qatar - Doha.
- - Nicosia.
- Kyrgyzstan – Bishkek.
- China - Beijing.
- DPRK - Pyongyang.
- Kuwait - Kuwait City.
- Laos - Vientiane.
- Lebanon - Beirut.
- Malaysia – .
- - Male.
- Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar.
- Myanmar - Yangon.
- Nepal - Kathmandu.
- United Arab Emirates - .
- Oman – Muscat.
- Pakistan – Islamabad.
- Saudi Arabia - Riyadh.
- - Singapore.
- Syria - Damascus.
- Tajikistan – Dushanbe.
- Thailand – .
- Turkmenistan – Ashgabat.
- Türkiye - Ankara.
- - Tashkent.
- Philippines - Manila.
- - Columbo.
- - Seoul.
- - Tokyo.
In addition, there are partially recognized countries, for example, Taiwan, which separated from China with its capital Taipei.
Sights of the Asian region
The name is of Assyrian origin and means “sunrise” or “east”, which is not surprising. Part of the world is characterized by rich relief, mountains and peaks, including highest peak world - Everest (Chomolungma), part of the Himalaya mountain system. All natural zones and landscapes are represented here; on its territory there is the most deep lake peace – . Foreign Asian countries in last years confidently lead in the number of tourists. Mysterious and incomprehensible to Europeans traditions, religious buildings, interweaving ancient culture With the latest technologies attract curious travelers. It is impossible to list all the iconic sights of this region; we can only try to highlight the most famous ones.
Taj Mahal (India, Agra)
A romantic monument, a symbol of eternal love and a magnificent structure in front of which people stand in stupor, the Taj Mahal Palace, included in the list of the seven new wonders of the world. The mosque was erected by Tamerlane's descendant Shah Jahan in memory of his deceased wife, who died in childbirth while giving birth to their 14th child. The Taj Mahal is recognized as the best example of Mughal architecture, incorporating Arabic, Persian and Indian architectural styles. The walls of the structure are lined with translucent marble and inlaid with gems. Depending on the lighting, the stone changes color, becoming pink at dawn, silver at dusk, and dazzling white at noon.
Mount Fuji (Japan)
This iconic place for Buddhists who profess Shintaism. The height of Fuji is 3776 m; in fact, it is a sleeping volcano that should not wake up in the coming decades. It is recognized as the most beautiful in the world. Tourist routes have been laid up the mountain, operating only in summer, since most of Fuji is covered with eternal snow. The mountain itself and the “Five Fuji Lakes” area around it are included in the territory National Park Fuji-Hakone-Izu.
The largest architectural ensemble in the world stretches across Northern China for 8860 km (including branches). Construction of the Wall took place in the 3rd century BC. and had the goal of protecting the country from the Xiongnu conquerors. The construction project dragged on for a decade, about a million Chinese worked on it and thousands died from exhausting labor in inhumane conditions. All this served as a reason for the uprising and overthrow of the Qin dynasty. The wall fits extremely organically into the landscape; it follows all the curves of the spurs and depressions, encircling the mountain range.
Borobodur Temple (Indonesia, Java)
Among the rice plantations of the island rises an ancient giant structure in the form of a pyramid - the largest and most revered Buddhist temple in the world, 34 m high. There are steps and terraces that encircle it leading up. From the point of view of Buddhism, Borobodur is nothing more than a model of the Universe. Its 8 tiers mark 8 steps to enlightenment: the first is the world of sensual pleasures, the next three are the world of yogic trance that has risen above base lust. Rising higher, the soul is cleansed of all vanity and gains immortality in the heavenly sphere. The top step personifies nirvana - the state eternal bliss and peace.
Golden Buddha Stone (Myanmar)
The Buddhist shrine is located on Mount Chaittiyo (Mon State). You can loosen it with your hands, but no forces can throw it off its pedestal; in 2500 years the elements have not brought down the stone. In fact, it is a granite block covered with gold leaf, and its top is crowned by a Buddhist temple. The mystery has still not been solved - who dragged him up the mountain, how, for what purpose and how he has been balancing on the edge for centuries. Buddhists themselves claim that the stone is held on the rock by the hair of Buddha, walled up in the temple.
Asia is a fertile land for creating new routes, learning about yourself and your purpose. You need to come here meaningfully, tuning into thoughtful contemplation. Perhaps you will discover a new side of yourself and find answers to many questions. When visiting Asian countries, you can create a list of attractions and shrines yourself.
Every year the popularity of holidays in the south-eastern territories of Asia is growing. Unusual natural landscapes, historical monuments, great amount sacred places- all this contributes to the growing popularity of South Asian countries among those wishing to relax. What states are included in this category? What are their geographical, economic and other features?
Southeast Asian countries: list
The total area of this region is about 3.8 million square meters. km. Residents of Russia can visit almost each of these countries without a visa. Full list Southeast Asian countries include the following states: Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, East Timor, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, Brunei.
A number of Asian countries have united to form the Asia-Pacific Economic Community (APEC). 18 of them are home to more than 40% of the world's total population. It is here that more than half of the planet's total GDP is produced. The core of the APEC community is precisely the countries of Southeast Asia. Their characteristics in terms of economic indicators are among the leading in the world. These states account for up to 46% of total world trade turnover.
When is the best time to vacation in South Asian countries?
You can travel to this region at least all year round- however, the experience of many tourists shows that first of all it is necessary to correctly decide on the country. For example, in January it is good to relax in countries such as India and Vietnam. You can also have a good rest in Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, and Sri Lanka. There is practically no precipitation here in January.
The list of Southeast Asian countries that are good to visit in February includes India, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Malaysia. A trip to the Philippine Islands will also be successful. Spring is a good time to relax in Indonesia and Vietnam. Summers are known to be rainy throughout the South Asian region. During this season, Malaysia, Indonesia, and trips to China are usually recommended. in autumn best place for relaxation there will be Hainan Island.
The most popular countries among Russian tourists
Research shows that the list of countries in Southeast Asia that are especially popular among Russian tourists includes India, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Azure ocean landscapes, clean sand, waterfalls and mysterious caves - all this awaits vacationers in this paradise planets.
Sri Lanka - a paradise for holidaymakers
The island of Sri Lanka is located only 800 km from the equator. Bright colors, variety flora, sandy beaches and reefs - all this amazes the imagination of tourists, who flock here more and more every year. Until 1972, this island was known as Ceylon. Sri Lanka today is a separate island state in the South Asian region. This island was first inhabited about 100 thousand years ago. Already in those ancient times, more and more representatives of different races and nationalities flocked here. This not only made life in Ceylon more diverse, but also led to various conflicts and wars. Now the majority of the population of Sri Lanka is represented by Buddhists. State language is Sinhala, but the vast majority of the population speaks English.
Many tourists choose not just one country, but several at once. The message “Philippines - Singapore” is quite popular. Workers from the Philippines use this air transport every day. Flights depart from the Philippine city of Manila.
Thailand is the favorite country of Russian travelers
Of all the countries in Southeast Asia, Thailand enjoys undoubted popularity year after year. The state is located simultaneously on two islands - Indochina and Malacca. Thailand is washed by the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Vast forests grow in the northern territories of the country. The south is rich in luxurious beaches. The official language of Thailand is Thai, but English, Chinese, Malay languages. The vast majority of the population are Buddhists.
Peoples of the region
The peoples of Southeast Asia come from a wide variety of ethnic groups. They can differ significantly in anthropological characteristics. These are the Vietnamese, the Burmese, the peoples of Cambodia and Indonesia, the so-called Lao, the Khmer ethnic groups, the Ache Malays, the Bataks, the Balinese and many others. There are also large numbers of people from India and China living here. For example, there are more than 320 thousand Chinese in the Philippine Islands. Most of them come from southern regions China.
The peoples of Southeast Asia are distinguished by unusual traditions. For example, in many countries there is a belief that you should not touch another person’s head or shoulders with your hands. Local residents believe that good spirits live there, and by touching you can scare them away. There is an unusual tradition in Vietnam - here it is customary to hang mirrors outside front door. It is believed that if a dragon wants to come into the house, it will be afraid of itself and run away. The Vietnamese are generally very superstitious people. Bad omen they consider meeting a woman on the street when you leave the house at the beginning of the day. And also, the Vietnamese never lay out cutlery for one person on the table, considering this a bad sign.
Southeast Asia from A to Z: population, countries, cities and resorts. Map of Southeast Asia, photos and videos. Descriptions and reviews of tourists.
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And so it happened: people go to Southeast Asia to see stunning nature, touch thousand-year-old cultures, sunbathe on tropical beaches, and finally, have fun with varying degrees of severity (yes, we are talking about Pattaya permissiveness). In general, with any wishes for a vacation (except, perhaps, for “skiing” and “ice” hotels) - welcome here!
There are practically no countries in Southeast Asia where tourism is not developed. Rather, it is more or less widespread. For example, if Thailand can be safely called an “all-Union health resort” - only the principled homebody has never been here, then Brunei and Myanmar are more closed, intimate countries, “for those who understand”. But first things first. What is it worth going to the vastness of Southeast Asia for?
Let's start with the main subject of interest for vacationers of all ages and nationalities - the sea, sun and beaches. There is more than enough of this in the region, and the available recreational resources can boast of consistently high quality - from a “combed” beach to pleasant hotel details, such as an orchid in the toilet every morning. In general, we think, the reason for the popularity of a good half of the “Yuvas” resorts is the sincere desire of the local population to please the overseas guest.
A look at Southeast Asia
Secondly, people go to the expanses of Southeast Asia to be surprised. Rare animals and active volcanoes, sometimes stunning traditions of local peoples (what’s worth at least two weeks of fun in honor of a deceased relative!) and the quirks of local gastronomes (we’re talking about sauce made from rotten fish guts) - in a word, all the riches that Asia has in store for the inquisitive their bins.
Not least of all, Southeast Asia is popular due to the fact that on its territory there is a truly extraordinary collection of ancient treasures and cultural heritage. Just look at the breathtaking Buddhist monuments - from the Myanmar Shwedagon Pagoda to the Laotian “trace of the Buddha”.
Finally, enthusiastic athletes from all over the world flock to the local under- and above-water beauty. For example, Vietnamese diving has been unanimously recognized for several years as one of the best in the world in terms of price-quality ratio, and surfing in Malaysia is becoming more and more popular every season - thanks to the efforts of the eastern monsoon, which gives “boarders” beautiful waves.
Southeast Asia is a major global economic center, known to most for its popular tourist destinations. This vast region is very diverse in terms of ethnic composition, culture and religion. All this over time affected the general way of life and arouses great interest among tourists from all over the world.
The countries of Southeast Asia are a generalized definition that refers to a number of states concentrated south of China, east of India and north of Australia. Despite this, a map of Southeast Asia usually includes 11 states.
Since the middle of the last century and now, this part of the world has been actively developing and playing a huge role in the global economy. The population of Southeast Asia is about 600 million people, the most populous country is Indonesia, and the most populous island is Java.
The length of the region from north to south is 3.2 thousand kilometers, and from west to east - 5.6. The countries of Southeast Asia are the following:
Sometimes this list includes some other territories controlled by states that are part of Asia, but in general their location is not among the countries of the southeast. Most often these are islands and territories controlled by China, India, Australia and Oceania, these include:
- (China).
- (China).
- (Australia).
- (China).
- Nicobar Islands (India).
- islands (India).
- Ryukyu Islands (Japan).
According to various sources, about 40% of the world's population lives in the countries of Southeast Asia; many have united in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. Thus, in 2019, almost half of the world’s GDP is produced here. The economic characteristics of recent years have been marked by high development in the region in many areas.
Tourism sector
The end of the war between the United States and Vietnam had a positive effect on the popularization of resorts in the late 60s. They are still actively developing today, especially since citizens of our country can go to most of these countries under a simplified visa regime, and many do not require a visa at all. The countries of Southeast Asia, due to their tropical climate, are suitable for beach holiday all year round.
Yet in certain parts of this gigantic peninsula the climate is different time The year is different, so it would be useful to study the maps in advance. In the middle and second half of winter, it is better to go to India, to an island or to Vietnam, since at this time of year there is no constant rainfall inherent in a tropical climate. Other suitable destinations include Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar.
- southern China;
- Indonesia;
- Malaysia;
- Pacific Islands.
The most popular destinations among our tourists are Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and Sri Lanka.
Peoples and cultures
Racial and ethnic composition Southeast Asia is very heterogeneous. This also applies to religion: the eastern part of the archipelago is mostly inhabited by followers of Buddhism, and there are also Confucians - in view large quantity There are about 20 million Chinese immigrants from the southern provinces of China. These countries include Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam and a number of other states. It is also not uncommon to meet Hindus and Christians. In the western part of Southeast Asia, Islam is predominantly practiced; this religion ranks first in terms of the number of followers.
The ethnic composition of the region is represented by the following peoples:
And this list is only a small part of all ethnic groups and subgroups, there are also representatives of the peoples of Europe. By and large, the culture of the southeast is a cross between Indian and Chinese cultures.
The Spaniards and Portuguese, who colonized the islands in these places, had a great influence on the population. Arab culture also played a huge role; about 240 million people profess Islam here. Over the centuries, it developed common traditions, almost everywhere in all these countries people eat using Chinese chopsticks and love tea very much.
Yet there are amazing cultural features that will interest any foreigner. One of the most superstitious peoples in the archipelago are the Vietnamese. For example, it is customary for them to hang mirrors with outside entrance: if a dragon comes, he will immediately run away, afraid of his own reflection. There is also a bad omen to meet a woman in the morning when leaving the house. Or it is considered bad manners to lay out cutlery on a table for one person. It is also not customary to touch a person’s shoulder or head, as they believe that good spirits are nearby, and touching them can scare them away.
Demography
In the countries of Southeast Asia, the birth rate has decreased in recent years, however, this part of the world ranks second in terms of population reproduction.
The inhabitants here are distributed very heterogeneously, the most densely populated place is the island of Java: the density per 1 square kilometer is 930 people. All are settled on the Indochina Peninsula, which occupies the eastern part of Southeast Asia, and on the western Malay Archipelago, consisting of many large and small islands. The population preferably lives in the deltas of numerous rivers, the high mountain areas are less populated, and the forest areas are practically deserted.
The majority of all people live outside cities, the rest settle in developed centers, most often the capitals of states, the lion's share of the economy of which is replenished by the tourist flow.
Thus, almost all of these cities have a population of over 1 million, yet most of the population lives outside them and is engaged in agriculture.
Economy
Looking at the map, the countries of Southeast Asia can be roughly divided into 2 camps. The first includes the following:
- Laos;
- Cambodia;
- Vietnam.
In the post-war period, these countries chose the socialist path of development, when, in fact, it began territorial division in order to strengthen national sovereignty. Back in the 1980s, these countries had practically no manufacturing industry; the local population was mainly engaged in agricultural work. According to UN statistics of those years, these states had low level development, per capita income usually did not exceed $500 per year.
The second camp includes the following countries:
- Indonesia;
- Malaysia;
- Singapore;
- Philippines;
- Thailand;
- Brunei.
Countries from this list united into the Association of Southeast Asia (ASEAN) and followed the path of a market economy. As a result, the socialist camp achieved less success, although initially all these countries had almost equal chances. Income per person per year ranged from 500 to 3 thousand dollars.
Most developed countries Brunei and Singapore are currently members of ASEAN, with a per capita income of about 20 thousand dollars. Such indicators were achieved due to the fact that Singapore has a well-developed industry, and Brunei acts as an exporter of petroleum products. Several factors helped the developing ASEAN:
- Export.
- Industry.
- Foreign investments.
- Creating corporations with a flexible, viable system.
- Reforms.
ASEAN countries began to develop successfully due to the presence of a large amount of natural resources, and they are constantly exporting their goods. Even in the countries of Southeast Asia, components for various household appliances, electronics and other equipment. Thailand also exports cars.
In countries following the path of socialism, the restructuring of the system began to take place at the end of the 1980s and produced visible results in just a few years. Vietnam began refining oil, extracting natural gas, iron ore and more. Foreign capital poured into this country from Singapore, a number of European countries. Thailand invested in Laos, and at the end of the twentieth century, both states were also able to join ASEAN.
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