A wonderful Russian poet who worked as a translator, wrote poetry and memoirs, Afanasy Fet was born in 1820. This is how Afanasy Fet’s short biography began. He was born in the Oryol province. His biological father was Johann Fet, a German official, but the boy was raised by the nobleman Shenshin, with whom the poet’s mother eloped while pregnant.
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet short biography
Everything was fine until I was 14 years old Russian authorities they did not discover the illegal origin of the future poet and did not take away the title. Shenshin sends the child to the town of Verro so that the boy can study at a boarding house, and at this time seeks recognition of Afanasy as the son of an official from Germany. So Afanasy turned from a Russian citizen into a foreigner. But Afanasy Fet decided to restore Russian citizenship and return the title of nobleman.
Further, the life of Afanasy Fet and his short biography continues at the University of Moscow, where he enrolls as a philologist. While studying at a university, he first tried himself as a writer. In 1840, at the age of twenty, his first poems were published. Since then, Fet has been constantly publishing. Afanasy graduated from the University in 1844. After university he enters military service, in hopes of regaining citizenship and title. At first he served in the Kherson province, then transferred to St. Petersburg.
During the service, the second and third collections of his works were published. However, the service had no effect and he never became a nobleman. In 1858 he resigned. After which Fet, together with his wife, whom he married a year before retirement, buys land and becomes a landowner. While doing housework, Fet continues to write. This is how short stories and essays from the pen of Afanasy Fet come out, and the writer also publishes a cycle of poems “From the Village”.
Considering the biography of Fet and her summary, it is worth noting that the poet still received noble title, he returned the surname Shenshin, just as he returned his rights to the inheritance. This happened in 1873.
Fet's life and short biography for children ends with the last moments of his life, which he spent in Moscow. In 1892, the writer's heart stopped.
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet (1820 - 1892) - famous Russian poet with German roots, translator, lyricist, author of memoirs. Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg.
The future poet was born on November 23 (December 5, new style) 1820 in the village. Novoselki, Mtsensk district, Oryol province (Russian Empire).
As the son of Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker, who left Germany in 1820, Afanasy was adopted by the nobleman Shenshin. After 14 years, an unpleasant event occurred in the biography of Afanasy Fet: an error was discovered in the birth record, which deprived him of his title.
Education
In 1837, Fet graduated from Krümmer's private boarding school in the city of Verro (now Estonia). In 1838 he entered the Faculty of Philosophy at Moscow University, continuing to be interested in literature. He graduated from the university in 1844.
The poet's work
IN short biography Fet, it is worth noting that his first poems were written in his youth. Fet's poetry was first published in the collection "Lyrical Pantheon" in 1840. Since then, Fet's poems have been constantly published in magazines.
Striving for everyone possible ways To regain his noble title, Afanasy Fet went to serve as a non-commissioned officer. Then, in 1853, Fet’s life involved a transition to the Guards Regiment. Fet's creativity, even in those times, does not stand still. His second collection was published in 1850, and his third in 1856.
In 1857, the poet married Maria Botkina. Having retired in 1858, without having achieved the return of the title, he acquired land and devoted himself to farming.
Fet's new works, published from 1862 to 1871, comprise the cycles “From the Village” and “Notes on Free Labor.” They include short stories, short stories, and essays. Afanasy Afanasievich Fet strictly distinguishes between his prose and poetry. For him, poetry is romantic, and prose is realistic.
Nikolay Nekrasov wrote about Fet: “A man who understands poetry and willingly opens his soul to its sensations, not a single Russian author, afterPushkin , will not gain as much poetic pleasure as Mr. Fet will give him.”
last years of life
In 1873, Afanasy Fet was returned to the title, as well as the surname Shenshin. After this, the poet engages in charity work. At this stage, Afanasy Fet’s poems were published in the collections “Evening Lights”, of which four issues were published from 1883 to 1891. Fet's poetry contains mainly two themes: nature, love.
Death overtook the poet on November 21, 1892 in Moscow in his house on Plyushchikha. Fet died of a heart attack. Afanasy Afanasyevich was buried in the Shenshin family estate in the village. Kleymenovo, Oryol province.
- In addition to writing poems, Fet was engaged in translations until his old age. He owns translations of both parts of Goethe's Faust. He even planned to translate the bookImmanuel Kant "Critique of Pure Reason", but abandoned this idea and took up the translation of worksArthur Schopenhauer .
- The poet experienced a tragic love for Maria Lazic, a fan of his work. This girl was educated and very talented. Their feelings were mutual, but the couple failed to link their destinies. Maria died, and the poet remembered his unhappy love all his life, which influenced his work. It was to her that he dedicated the poem “Talisman”, the poems “Old Letters”, “You suffered, I still suffer...”, “No, I haven’t changed. Until deep old age..." and other poems.
- Some researchers of Fet's life believe that the poet's death from a heart attack was preceded by a suicide attempt.
- Fet is the author famous phrase, which was included in “The Adventures of Pinocchio”A. N. Tolstoy - “And the rose fell on Azor’s paw.”
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet - famous Russian poet with German roots,lyricist,translator, author of memoirs. Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg
In the Oryol province, not far from the city of Mtsensk, in the 19th century the Novoselki estate was located, where on December 5, 1820, in the house of the wealthy landowner Shenshin, a young woman Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker Fet gave birth to a boy, Afanasy.
Charlotte Elisabeth was a Lutheran, lived in Germany and was married to Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Feth, assessor of the Darmstadt City Court. They married in 1818, and a girl, Caroline-Charlotte-Georgina-Ernestine, was born into the family. And in 1820, Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker Fet abandoned her little daughter and husband and left for Russia with Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin, being seven months pregnant.
In the pastures of the dumb I love in the bitter frost
In the sunlight, the sun has a prickly shine,
Forests under the caps or in gray frost
Yes, the river is ringing under the dark blue ice.
How they love to find thoughtful gazes
Winded ditches, blown mountains,
Sleepy blades of grass among the naked fields,
Where the hill is bizarre, like some kind of mausoleum,
Sculpted at midnight, - or clouds of distant whirlwinds
On white shores and mirror ice holes.
Afanasy Neofitovich was a retired captain. During a trip abroad, he fell in love with the Lutheran Charlotte Elizabeth and married her. But since the Orthodox wedding ceremony was not performed, this marriage was considered legal only in Germany, and in Russia it was declared invalid. In 1822, the woman converted to Orthodoxy, becoming known as Elizaveta Petrovna Fet, and they soon married the landowner Shenshin.
When the boy was 14 years old, the Oryol provincial authorities discovered that Afanasy was registered under the surname Shenshin earlier than his mother.
You got married to your stepfather. In connection with this, the guy was deprived of his surname and noble title. This hurt the teenager so deeply, because from a rich heir he instantly turned into a nameless man, and all his life he then suffered because of his dual position.
From that time on, he bore the surname Fet, as the son of a foreigner unknown to him. Afanasy perceived this as a shame, and he developed an obsession:which became decisive in his life path, - to return the lost surname.
Afanasy received an excellent education. The talented boy found it easy to study. In 1837 he graduated from a private German boarding school in the city of Verro, in Estonia. Even then, Fet began to write poetry and showed interest in literature and classical philology. After school, in order to prepare for entering the university, he studied at the boarding house of Professor Pogodin, a writer, historian and journalist. In 1838, Afanasy Fet entered the law, and then the philosophical faculty of Moscow University, where he studied in the historical and philological (verbal) department.
Wonderful picture
How dear you are to me:
White plain,
Full moon,
The light of the high heavens,
And shining snow
And distant sleighs
Lonely running.
At the university, Afanasy became close to student Apollon Grigoriev, who was also interested in poetry. Together they began to attend a circle of students who were intensively studying philosophy and literature. With the participation of Grigoriev, Fet released his first collection of poems, “Lyrical Pantheon.” The young student’s creativity earned Belinsky’s approval. And Gogol spoke of him as “an undoubted talent.” This became a kind of “blessing” and inspired Afanasy Fet to further work. In 1842, his poems were published in many publications, including the popular magazines Otechestvennye zapiski and Moskvityanin. In 1844, Fet graduated from the university.
The spruce covered my path with its sleeve.
Wind. Alone in the forest
Noisy, and creepy, and sad, and fun, -
I do not understand anything.
Wind. Everything around is humming and swaying,
Leaves are spinning at your feet.
Chu, you can suddenly hear it in the distance
Subtly calling horn.
Sweet is the call of the copper herald to me!
The sheets are dead to me!
It seems from afar as a poor wanderer
You greet tenderly.
After graduating from university, Fet entered the army service; he needed this to regain his noble title. He ended up in one of the southern regiments, from there he was sent to the Uhlan Guards Regiment. And in 1854 he was transferred to the Baltic regiment (he later described this period of service in his memoirs “My Memoirs”).
In 1858, Fet finished his service as a captain and settled in Moscow.
In 1850, a second book of poetry was published.Feta, which was already criticized positively in the Sovremennik magazine, some even admired his work. After this collection, the author was accepted into the circle of famous Russian writers, which included Druzhinin, Nekrasov, Botkin, Turgenev. Literary earnings improved Fet's financial situation, and he went to travel abroad.
In the poems of Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet, three main lines were clearly visible - love, art, nature. The following collections of his poems were published in 1856 (edited by I. S. Turgenev) and in 1863 (two-volume collected works).
Despite the fact that Fet was a sophisticated lyricist, he managed to perfectly conduct business affairs, buy and sell estates, making a fortune.
In 1860, Afanasy Fet bought the Stepanovka farm, began managing it, and lived there constantly, only appearing briefly in Moscow in the winter.
In 1877, Fet bought the Vorobyovka estate in the Kursk province. At 18
8
1 he bought a house in Moscow, came to Vorobyovka only for the summer dacha period. He again took up creativity, wrote memoirs, translated, and released another lyrical collection of poems, “Evening Lights.”
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet left a significant mark on Russian literature. In his first poems, Fet praised the beauty of nature and wrote a lot about love. Even then, his work showed characteristic- Fet spoke about important and eternal concepts with hints, knew how to convey the subtlest shades of moods, awakening pure and bright emotions in readers.
After the tragic deathbelovedFet dedicated the poem “Talisman” to Maria Lazic. It is assumed that all subsequent poems by Fet about love are dedicated to it. In 1850, a second collection of his poems was published. It aroused the interest of critics, who did not skimp on positive reviews. At the same time, Fet was recognized as one of the best modern poets.
The night was shining. The garden was full of moonlight. were lying
Rays at our feet in a living room without lights.
The piano was all open, and the strings in it were trembling,
Just like our hearts are for your song.
You sang until dawn, exhausted in tears,
That you alone are love, that there is no other love,
And I wanted to live so much, so that without making a sound,
To love you, hug you and cry over you.
And many years have passed, tedious and boring,
And in the silence of the night I hear your voice again,
And it blows, as then, in these sonorous sighs,
That you are alone - all life, that you are alone - love.
That there are no insults from fate and burning torment in the heart,
But there is no end to life, and there is no other goal,
As soon as you believe in the sobbing sounds,
Love you, hug you and cry over you!
Afanasy Fet remained a staunch conservative and monarchist until the end of his life. In 1856 he published a third collection of poems. Fet praised beauty, considering it the only goal of creativity.
In 1863
the poet released a two-volume collection of poems, and then there was a twenty-year break in his work.
Only after the poet’s stepfather’s surname and the privileges of a hereditary nobleman were returned to him, he took up creativity with renewed vigor.
Towards the end of his life, Afanasy Fet's poems became more philosophical. The poet wrote about the unity of man and the Universe, about the highest reality, about eternity. Between 1883 and 1891, Fet wrote more than three hundred poems; they were included in the collection “Evening Lights.” The poet published four editions of the collection, and the fifth was published after his death. With a thoughtful smile on his brow.
(1820-12-05 )Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet(Fet) (for the first 14 and last 19 years of his life he officially bore the surname Shenshin; November 23 [December 5], Novoselki estate, Mtsensk district, Oryol province - November 21 [December 3], Moscow) - Russian lyric poet, translator, memoirist.
Biography
Father - Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Föth (1789-1825), assessor of the Darmstadt city court. Mother - Charlotte Elizabeth Becker (1798-1844). Sister - Caroline-Charlotte-Georgina-Ernestina Föt (1819-?). Stepfather - Shenshin Afanasy Neofitovich (1775-1855). Maternal grandfather - Karl Wilhelm Becker (1766-1826), privy councilor, military commissar. Paternal grandfather - Johann Vöth, paternal grandmother - Miles Sibylla. Maternal grandmother - Gagern Henrietta.
Wife - Botkina Maria Petrovna (1828-1894), from the Botkin family (her elder brother, V.P. Botkin, famous literary and art critic, author of one of the most significant articles about the work of A.A. Fet, S.P. Botkin - a doctor after whom a hospital in Moscow is named, D. P. Botkin - a collector of paintings), there were no children in the marriage. Nephew - E. S. Botkin, shot in 1918 in Yekaterinburg along with the family of Nicholas II.
On May 18, 1818, the marriage of 20-year-old Charlotte Elisabeth Becker and Johann Peter Wilhelm Vöth took place in Darmstadt. On September 18-19, 1820, 45-year-old Afanasy Shenshin and Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker, who was 7 months pregnant with her second child, secretly left for Russia. In November-December 1820, in the village of Novoselki, Charlotte Elizabeth Becker had a son, Afanasy.
Around November 30 of the same year, in the village of Novoselki, the son of Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker was baptized according to the Orthodox rite, named Afanasy, and recorded in the registry register as the son of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. In 1821-1823, Charlotte-Elizabeth had a daughter from Afanasy Shenshin, Anna, and a son, Vasily, who died in infancy. On September 4, 1822, Afanasy Shenshin married Becker, who before the wedding converted to Orthodoxy and began to be called Elizaveta Petrovna Fet.
On November 7, 1823, Charlotte Elisabeth wrote a letter to Darmstadt to her brother Ernst Becker, in which she complained about her ex-husband Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Vöth, who frightened her and offered to adopt her son Athanasius if his debts were paid.
In 1824, Johann FET remarried his daughter Caroline's teacher. In May 1824, in Mtsensk, Charlotte-Elizabeth gave birth to a daughter from Afanasy Shenshin - Lyuba (1824-?). On August 25, 1825, Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker wrote a letter to her brother Ernst, in which she talked about how well Shenshin takes care of her son Afanasy, that even: “... No one will notice that this is not his natural child...”. In March 1826, she again wrote to her brother that her first husband, who had died a month earlier, had not left her and the child any money: “... To take revenge on me and Shenshin, he forgot his own child, disinherited him and put a stain on him... Try, if possible , to beg our dear father to help restore this child to his rights and honor; he should get a surname..." Then, in the next letter: "... It is very surprising to me that Fet forgot and did not recognize his son in his will. A person can make mistakes, but denying the laws of nature is a very big mistake. Apparently, before his death he was quite ill...”, the poet’s beloved, to whose memories the poem, poems, and many of his other poems are dedicated.
Creation
Being one of the most sophisticated lyricists, Fet amazed his contemporaries by the fact that this did not prevent him from being at the same time an extremely businesslike, enterprising and successful landowner. The famous palindrome phrase written by Fet and included in A. Tolstoy’s “The Adventures of Pinocchio” is “And the rose fell on Azor’s paw.”
Poetry
Fet's creativity is characterized by the desire to escape from everyday reality into the “bright kingdom of dreams.” The main content of his poetry is love and nature. His poems are distinguished by the subtlety of their poetic mood and great artistic skill.
Fet is a representative of the so-called pure poetry. In this regard, throughout his life he argued with N. A. Nekrasov, a representative of social poetry.
The peculiarity of Fet's poetics is that the conversation about the most important is limited to a transparent hint. Most shining example- poem .
Whispers, timid breathing,
Nightingale trills
Silver and sway
Sleepy CreekNight light, night shadows
Endless shadows
A series of magical changes
Sweet faceThere are purple roses in the smoky clouds,
The reflection of amber
And kisses and tears,
And dawn, dawn!..
There is not a single verb in this poem, but the static description of space conveys the very movement of time.
The poem is one of the best poetic works of the lyrical genre. First published in the magazine “Moskvityanin” (1850), then revised and in its final version, six years later, in the collection “Poems of A. A. Fet” (published under the editorship of I. S. Turgenev).
It is written in multi-foot trochee with feminine and masculine cross rhyme (quite rare for the Russian classical tradition). At least three times it became the object of literary analysis.
The romance “At dawn, don’t wake her up” was written based on Fet’s poems.
Another famous poem Feta:
I came to you with greetings, to tell you that the sun has risen, that it trembled with hot light across the sheets.
Translations
- both parts of Goethe's Faust (-),
- a number of Latin poets:
- Horace, all of whose works in Fetov's translation were published in 1883.
- satires of Juvenal (),
- poems of Catullus (),
- Elegies of Tibullus (),
- XV books of Ovid's Metamorphoses (),
- elegies Propertius (),
- satyrs Persia () and
- epigrams of Martial ().
Categories:
- Personalities in alphabetical order
- Writers by alphabet
- Born on December 5
- Born in 1820
- Born in Oryol province
- Died December 3
- Died in 1892
- Died in Moscow
- Graduates of the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University
- Writers of Russia of the 19th century
- Russians writers XIX century
- Poets of the Russian Empire
- Russian poets
- Translators of the Russian Empire
- Translators of poetry into Russian
- Cultural figures of the Oryol region
- Illegitimate offspring of aristocrats of the Russian Empire
- Memoirists of the Russian Empire
- Died from heart failure
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See what “Fet, Afanasy Afanasyevich” is in other dictionaries:
Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich- real name Shenshin (1820 1892), Russian poet, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1886). The lyrics of nature, filled with specific signs, fleeting moods human soul, musicality: “Evening Lights” (sat. 1 4, 1883 91). Many... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Fet, Afanasy Afanasyevich- Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. FET (Shenshin) Afanasy Afanasyevich (1820 92), Russian poet. Heartfelt lyricism in understanding nature, service “ pure beauty”, musicality in the inseparable fusion of opposing human feelings, in melody... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich- (real name Shenshin) (1820, Novoselki, Oryol province 1892, Moscow), poet. Son of landowner A.N. Shenshin and Caroline Fet. I visited Moscow for the first time at the age of 14, while passing through, staying at the Shevaldyshev Hotel (12; house not... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet(real name Shenshin) (1820-1892) - Russian poet, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1886).
Afanasy Fet was born December 5 (November 23, old style) 1820 in the village of Novoselki, Mtsensk district, Oryol province. He was illegitimate son landowner Shenshin and at the age of fourteen, by decision of the spiritual consistory, received the surname of his mother Charlotte Fet, at the same time losing the right to nobility. Subsequently, he achieved a hereditary noble title and regained his surname Shenshin, but his literary name - Fet - remained with him forever.
Afanasy studied at the Faculty of Literature at Moscow University, here he became close to Apollo Grigoriev and was part of a circle of students who were intensely involved in philosophy and poetry. While still a student, in 1840, Fet published the first collection of his poems, “Lyrical Pantheon.” In 1845-1858 he served in the army, then acquired large lands and became a landowner. According to his convictions, A. Fet was a monarchist and a conservative.
The origin of Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet still remains unclear. According to the official version, Fet was the son of the Oryol landowner Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin and Charlotte-Elizabeth Fet, who ran away from her first husband to Russia. The divorce proceedings dragged on, and the wedding of Shenshin and Fet took place only after the birth of the boy. According to another version, his father was Charlotte-Elizabeth's first husband, Johann-Peter Feth, but the child was born in Russia and was recorded under the name of his adoptive father. One way or another, at the age of 14 the boy was declared illegitimate and deprived of all noble privileges. This event, which overnight turned the son of a wealthy Russian landowner into a rootless foreigner, had a profound impact on Fet’s entire subsequent life. Wanting to protect my son from legal proceedings Regarding his origin, his parents sent the boy to a German boarding school in the city of Verro (Võru, Estonia). In 1837, he spent six months in the Moscow boarding school of Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin, preparing to enter Moscow University, and in 1838 he became a student in the historical and philological department of the Faculty of Philosophy. The university environment (Apollo Aleksandrovich Grigoriev, in whose house Fet lived throughout his studies, students Yakov Petrovich Polonsky, Vladimir Sergeevich Solovyov, Konstantin Dmitrievich Kavelin, etc.) contributed in the best possible way to Fet’s development as a poet. In 1840 he published the first collection “Lyrical Pantheon A.F.” “Pantheon” did not create a particular resonance, but the collection attracted the attention of critics and opened the way to key periodicals: after its publication, Fet’s poems began to appear regularly in “Moskvityanin” and “Otechestvennye zapiski”.
You tell me: I'm sorry! I say: goodbye!
Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich
Hoping to receive a letter of nobility, in 1845 Afanasy Afanasyevich enlisted in the cuirassier order regiment, stationed in the Kherson province, with the rank of non-commissioned officer; a year later he received the rank of officer, but shortly before this it became known that from now on nobility gives only the rank of major. During the years of his Kherson service, a personal tragedy broke out in Fet’s life, which left its mark on the poet’s subsequent work. Fet's beloved, daughter of retired general Maria Lazic, died from her burns - her dress caught fire from an inadvertently or deliberately dropped match. The suicide version seems most likely: Maria was homeless, and her marriage to Fet was impossible. In 1853, Fet was transferred to the Novgorod province, gaining the opportunity to often visit St. Petersburg. His name gradually returned to the pages of magazines, this was facilitated by new friends - Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, Alexander Vasilyevich Druzhinin, Vasily Petrovich Botkin, who were part of the editorial board of Sovremennik. A special role in the poet’s work was played by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, who prepared and published a new edition of Fet’s poems (1856).
In 1859, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet received the long-awaited rank of major, but the dream of returning the nobility was not destined to come true - since 1856 this title was awarded only to colonels. Fet retired and after a long trip abroad settled in Moscow. In 1857 he married the middle-aged and ugly Maria Petrovna Botkina, receiving a substantial dowry for her, which allowed him to purchase an estate in Mtsensk district. “He has now become an agronomist - a master to the point of despair, has grown a beard down to his loins... he doesn’t want to hear about literature and scolds magazines with enthusiasm,” this is how I. S. Turgenev commented on the changes that happened to Fet. And indeed, for a long time, only accusatory articles about the post-reform state came from the pen of the talented poet Agriculture. “People don’t need my literature, and I don’t need fools,” Fet wrote in a letter to Nikolai Nikolayevich Strakhov, hinting at a lack of interest and misunderstanding on the part of his contemporaries, passionate about civic poetry and the ideas of populism. Contemporaries responded in kind: “All of them (Fet’s poems) are of such content that a horse could write them if it learned to write poetry,” this is the textbook assessment of Nikolai Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky.
TO literary creativity Afanasy Fet returned only in the 1880s after returning to Moscow. Now he was no longer the rootless poor man Fet, but the rich and respected nobleman Shenshin (in 1873 his dream finally came true, he received a charter of nobility and his father’s surname), a skilled Oryol landowner and owner of a mansion in Moscow. He again became close to his old friends: Polonsky, Strakhov, Solovyov. In 1881, his translation of Arthur Schopenhauer’s main work “The World as Will and Representation” was published, a year later - the first part of “Faust”, in 1883 - the works of Horace, later Decimus Junius Juvenal, Gaius Valerius Catullus, Ovid, Maron Publius Virgil, Johann Friedrich Schiller, Alfred de Musset, Heinrich Heine and other famous writers and poets. Collections of poems under the general title “Evening Lights” were published in small editions. In 1890, two volumes of memoirs “My Memoirs” appeared; the third, "The Early Years of My Life", was published posthumously in 1893.
Towards the end of life physical state Feta became unbearable: vision deteriorated sharply, worsening asthma was accompanied by attacks of suffocation and excruciating pain. On November 21, 1892, Fet dictated to his secretary: “I don’t understand the deliberate increase in inevitable suffering, I voluntarily go towards the inevitable.” The suicide attempt failed: the poet died earlier from apoplexy.
All of Fet's work can be considered in the dynamics of its development. The first poems of the university period tend to glorify the sensual, pagan principles. The beautiful takes on concrete, visual forms, harmonious and complete. There is no contradiction between the spiritual and carnal worlds; there is something that unites them - beauty. The search and revelation of beauty in nature and man is the main task of early Fet. Already in the first period, trends characteristic of later creativity appeared. The objective world has become less clear, and shades have come to the fore emotional state, impressionistic sensations. The expression of the inexpressible, the unconscious, music, fantasy, experience, an attempt to capture the sensual, not an object, but the impression of an object - all this determined the poetry of Afanasy Fet of the 1850-1860s. The writer's later lyricism was largely influenced by the tragic philosophy of Schopenhauer. The creativity of the 1880s was characterized by an attempt to escape into another world, the world of pure ideas and essences. In this, Fet turned out to be close to the aesthetics of the Symbolists, who considered the poet their teacher.
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet died December 3 (November 21, old style) 1892, in Moscow.
“His articles, in which he advocated for the interests of the landowners, aroused the indignation of the entire progressive press. After a long break in poetic work, in his seventh decade, in the 80s Fet published a collection of poems “Evening Lights”, where his work developed from new strength.
Fet went down in the history of Russian poetry as a representative of the so-called “pure art.” He argued that beauty is the only goal of the artist. Nature and love were the main themes of Fet's works. But in this relatively narrow area his talent manifested itself with great brilliance. ...
Afanasy Fet He was especially skilled at conveying the nuances of feelings, vague, fugitive or barely emerging moods. “The ability to catch the elusive” is how criticism characterized this trait of his talent.”
Poems by Afanasy Fet
Don't wake her up at dawn
At dawn she sleeps so sweetly;
Morning breathes on her chest,
It shines brightly on the pits of the cheeks.
And her pillow is hot,
And a hot, tiring dream,
And, turning black, they run onto the shoulders
Braids with ribbon on both sides.
And yesterday at the window in the evening
She sat for a long, long time
And watched the game through the clouds,
What, sliding, the moon was up to.
And the brighter the moon played
And the louder the nightingale whistled,
She became paler and paler,
My heart beat more and more painfully.
That's why on the young chest,
This is how the morning burns on the cheeks.
Don't wake her, don't wake her...
At dawn she sleeps so sweetly!
I came to you with greetings,
Tell me that the sun has risen
What is it with hot light
The sheets began to flutter;
Tell me that the forest has woken up,
All woke up, every branch,
Every bird was startled
And full of thirst in spring;
Tell me that with the same passion,
Like yesterday, I came again,
That the soul is still the same happiness
And I’m ready to serve you;
Tell me that from everywhere
Fun is blowing over me
That I don’t know myself that I will
Sing - but only the song is ripening.
There are some sounds
And they cling to my headboard.
They are full of languid separation,
Trembling with unprecedented love.
It would seem, well? Sounded off
The last tender caress
Dust ran down the street,
The postal stroller disappeared...
And only... But the song of separation
Unrealistic teases with love,
And bright sounds rush
And they cling to my headboard.
Muse
How long did you visit my corner again?
Made you still languish and love?
Who did she embody this time?
Whose sweet speech did you manage to bribe?
Give me a hand. Sit down. Light your torch as an inspiration.
Sing, my dear! In silence I recognize your voice
And I will stand, trembling, kneeling,
Remember the poems you sang.
How sweet, forgetting the worries of life,
From pure thoughts to burn and go out,
I smell your mighty breath,
And always listen to your virgin words.
Let's go, heavenly, to my sleepless nights
More blissful dreams and glory and love,
And with a tender name, barely pronounced,
Bless my thoughtful work again.
The neighboring ravine thundered all night,
The stream, bubbling, ran to the stream,
The last pressure of the resurrected waters
He announced his victory.
Did you sleep. I opened the window
Cranes were screaming in the steppe,
And the power of thought carried away
Beyond the borders of our native land,
Fly to the vastness, off-road,
Through the forests, through the fields, -
And beneath me spring tremors
The earth was echoing.
How to trust a migratory shadow?
Why this instant illness,
When you're here; my good genius,
Trouble-experienced friend?
Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch.
It's winter all around. Cruel time!
In vain their tears froze,
And the bark cracked, shrinking.
The blizzard is getting angrier and every minute
Angrily tears up the last sheets, -
And a fierce cold grabs your heart;
They stand, silent; shut up too!
But trust in spring. A genius will rush past her,
Breathing warmth and life again.
For clear days, for new revelations
The grieving soul will get over it.
Forgive and forget everything in your cloudless hour,
Like a young moon at the height of the azure;
And they burst into external bliss more than once
The aspirations of the young frighten the storms.
When, under a cloud, it’s transparent and clean,
The dawn will tell that the day of bad weather has passed, -
You won’t find a blade of grass and you won’t find a leaf,
So that he does not cry and does not shine with happiness.
Drive away a living boat with one push
From sands smoothed by the tides,
Rise in one wave into another life,
Feel the wind from the flowering shores.
Interrupt a dreary dream with a single sound,
Suddenly revel in the unknown, dear,
Give life a sigh, give sweetness to secret torments
Instantly feel someone else’s as your own,
Whisper about something that makes your tongue go numb,
Strengthen the fight of fearless hearts -
This is what only a select few singers possess,
This is his sign and crown!
The spruce covered my path with its sleeve.
Wind. Alone in the forest
Noisy, and creepy, and sad, and fun,
I do not understand anything.
Wind. Everything around is humming and swaying,
Leaves are spinning at your feet.
Chu, you can suddenly hear it in the distance
Subtly calling horn.
Sweet is the call of the copper herald to me!
The sheets are dead to me!
It seems from afar as a poor wanderer
You greet tenderly.
1891.
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet - quotes
Night. You can't hear the city noise. There is a star in the sky - and from it, like a spark, a thought sank secretly into my sad heart. 
Mother! Look from the window - You know, yesterday it was not for nothing that the cat washed her nose: There is no dirt, the whole yard is covered, It has brightened, it has turned white - Apparently, there is frost. Not prickly, light blue. Frost is hanging on the branches - Just look! It’s like someone with fresh, white, plump cotton wool removed everything from the bushes.
Long forgotten, under a light layer of dust, Treasured features, you are again in front of me And in an hour of mental anguish, you instantly resurrected Everything that was long, long ago lost by the soul. Burning with the fire of shame, their eyes again meet One trust, hope and love, And the faded patterns of sincere words drive blood from my heart to my cheeks.
Should I meet the bright dawn in the sky, I tell her about my secret, Should I approach the forest spring and whisper to him about the secret. And how the stars tremble in the night, I’m happy to tell them all night long; Only when I look at you, I will never say anything.
From the thin lines of the ideal, From the children's sketches of the brow, You have lost nothing, But you have suddenly gained everything. Your gaze is open and fearless, Although your soul is quiet; But yesterday’s paradise shines in it And an accomplice to sin.
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