Municipal autonomous preschool educational institution Kindergarten No. 25 "Pock"
Group No. 5 "Ship" Completed by: Batalova T. A., Khalyavkina G. F. Berdsk, 2017
Project type: informational and practical.
Duration: two weeks.
Participants: children senior group №5 "Ship" , educators, specialists.
Relevance of the topic. The need to introduce the younger generation to national culture is interpreted folk wisdom: our today, like our past once upon a time, also creates the traditions of the future. From observations of children in the older group, it is clear that they rarely play folk games. The folk game contains information about the traditions of many generations who, through playful communication, assimilated the culture of their people. From time immemorial, in games, children demonstrated and consolidated the activities that accompanied them in the family circle. It was through play that children became acquainted with the basic techniques of a particular craft or trade: shoemaking, weaving, beekeeping, hunting, fishing... Folk games are relevant and interesting even today, despite the fact that there is a fairly large number of temptations in our technocratic age. Therefore, we decided to develop a project that is aimed at introducing children to national culture through Russian folk games.
Objective of the project. Creating conditions for children to develop interest in the history, culture and traditions of the Russian people through folk games.
Project objectives.
- To form a cognitive interest in the culture of the Russian people, their traditions, to enrich children’s knowledge about Russian folk games.
- To develop motor skills of preschoolers, the ability to react in a play situation.
- Cultivate interest in Russian folk games and respect for the culture of your people.
Expected result.
Children will develop knowledge about the traditions of the people in which they live, they will learn to use national games in free activities. Folk games will contribute to the development of moral qualities, fostering conscious discipline, will, perseverance in overcoming difficulties, and will teach children to be honest and truthful.
Project implementation stages.
Organizational.
- Studying literature and materials on this topic.
- Selection of material and games on the topic.
- Conversation “What games did our grandparents play?” .
- Questioning parents "Folk children's games" .
- Statement of the problem situation: “Folk game - what is it?”
Practical.
- Organized Team work: "Toys of our grandmothers" .
- GCD “Oh, you are Maslenitsa!” .
- Learning folk games "Roll on, merry tambourine" , "Burn, burn clearly" , "Cap" , "Ring" , "Lark" , "Golden Gate" , "Church, by the tree" , * "In a whisper" , "Pots" .
Consultation for parents "Russian folk games" .
Final.
- Children's use of folk games in independent play activities indoors and outdoors.
- Registration of a card index "Russian folk games" .
Questionnaire for parents on the topic "Folk children's outdoor games"
Dear parents! We ask you to answer the proposed questions. Thank you in advance for your participation!
- Do you often go for walks on weekends?
- What types of games does your child prefer?
a) Outdoor games
b) Board games
c) Role-playing games
d) Others (Which?)
3. What outdoor games did you play as a child?
4. What Russian folk games do you know?
5. Do you often play outdoor games with your child?
6. What character traits do Russian folk games develop in a child?
Russian folk outdoor games
Game “Roll on, merry tambourine!” ”
Everyone gets up in big circle. The presenter says the words: You roll, merry tambourine, quickly, quickly through your hands. Whoever has a funny tambourine will now... /task/ etc.
Burn, burn clearly.
The children line up pair by pair. The driver takes the lead. He is not allowed to look back. Everyone sings:
Burn, burn clearly
So that it doesn't go out.
Look at the sky -
Birds are flying, bells are ringing!
When the song ends, the children standing in the last pair separate and run around those standing in pairs. (one on the left, one on the right). They try to grab hands in front. The driver, in turn, tries to catch one of the runners. The one who is caught becomes the first pair with the driver, and the one left without a pair becomes the new driver. If a pair of runners manages to connect before the driver catches anyone, then this pair takes the lead, and the game continues with the same driver.
The presenter takes the ring in his hands. All other participants sit on the bench, fold their palms into a boat and place them on their knees. The leader goes around the children and puts his hands in each one’s hands, while he says:
I’m walking along the hill, carrying the ring! Guess, guys, where the gold fell?
The presenter quietly places a ring in the hands of one of the players. Then he takes a few steps away from the bench and intones the words:
Ring, ring,
Get out on the porch!
Who will leave the porch,
He will find the ring!
The task of the player who has the ring in his hands is to jump up from the bench and run away, and the children sitting next to him must guess who has it hidden and try, holding it with their hands, not to let this player go. If the player with the ring fails to escape, he returns the ring to the leader. And if he manages to escape, he becomes the new leader and continues the game.
Target. Development of cognitive interest in knowledge, the desire to apply knowledge in practice. Formation of a positive attitude towards work, education of hard work and efficiency. Arming with a variety of labor skills and abilities.
Participants in the game choose the owner and two buyers. The rest of the players are paint. Each paint comes up with a color for itself and quietly names it to its owner. When all the paints have chosen a color and named it to the owner, he invites one of the buyers. The buyer knocks: Knock, knock!
Who's there?
Buyer.
Why did you come?
For paint.
For which?
For blue.
If there is no blue paint, the owner says: “Walk along the blue path, find blue boots, wear them and bring them back!” If the buyer guesses the color of the paint, then he takes the paint for himself.
A second buyer arrives and the conversation with the owner is repeated. And so they come up one by one and sort out the paints. The buyer who collects the most colors wins. If the buyer does not guess the color of the paint, the owner can give a more complex task, for example: “Race on one leg along the blue track.”
Rules of the game. The buyer who guessed the most colors becomes the owner.
Target. Expanding and deepening the process of interaction between children and people around them. Development of agility and endurance.
Children stand in a circle, hold their hands behind their backs, and one of the players - Dawn - walks behind with a ribbon and says:
Zarya-zarnitsa,
Red maiden,
I walked across the field,
Dropped the keys
Golden keys
Blue ribbons,
Rings entwined -
I went to get water.
With the last words, the driver carefully places the ribbon on the shoulder of one of the players, who, noticing this, quickly takes the ribbon, and they both run in different directions in a circle. The one who is left without a place becomes the dawn. The game repeats itself.
Rules of the game. Runners must not cross the circle. The players do not turn around while the driver chooses who should put the scarf on their shoulder.
Cap (spider).
Target. Development of communication skills.
They choose a driver who squats in the center of the circle.
The rest of the players walk around him, holding hands, and sing:
Cap, cap,
Thin legs
Red boots.
We gave you something to drink
We fed you
They put me on my feet,
They forced me to dance.
After these words, everyone runs to the center, lifts the driver, puts him on his feet and again forms a circle.
Clapping their hands, they sing:
They forced me to dance.
The driver begins to spin around eyes closed.
Everyone sings:
Dance, dance as much as you want
Choose whoever you want!
The driver chooses someone without opening his eyes and changes places with him
A game "Leshy" .
Target. Development of dexterity and coordination of movements. Development of communication skills.
On playground Stumps are placed in a circle or soft rugs if this is a hall. Hemp (rugs) are placed in a circle, but there is one less than the players taking part in the game. The one who does not have a stump is a goblin, and all the rest are animals. Before the game starts, children choose who will be the wolf, who will be the fox, and who will be the hare. The animals sit on tree stumps. The goblin walks in a circle from the outside and names one of the animals. The one who was named gets up and follows the goblin. And so the goblin can name several animals, they get up and follow the leader. As soon as the goblin says: "Attention, hunters" , the animals and the goblin try to sit on a free stump. The one for whom there is no free space becomes the goblin, and the game continues.
Rules of the game. Players must not push opponents out of occupied stumps.
Lark.
A lark sang in the sky,
The bell rang.
Frolic in silence
I hid the song in the grass.
Children stand in a circle and sing. Lark - a driving child with a bell moves in hops inside the circle. At the end of the song he stops and places the bell on the floor between the two children. These children turn their backs to each other. Everyone says: “Whoever finds the song will be happy for a whole year” . The two run around the circle, moving in opposite directions. Whoever grabs the bell first becomes the Lark. The game repeats itself.
Zarya - Zaryanitsa.
One of the guys holds a pole with ribbons attached to a wheel. Each player takes up the tape. One of the players is the driver. He stands outside the circle.
Children walk in a circle and sing a song:
Zarya - Zaryanitsa, red maiden,
She was walking across the field and dropped her keys.
The keys are gold, the ribbons are blue.
One, two - not a crow
And run like fire!
With the last words of the game chorus, the driver touches one of the players, he throws the ribbon, the two of them run in different directions and run around the circle. Whoever grabs the left ribbon first wins, and the loser becomes the driver. The game repeats itself.
Golden Gate.
One pair of players join hands and raise them up, forming a gate. The remaining participants in the game, holding hands, walk through the gate in a chain and chant:
Mother Spring is coming,
Open the gate.
The first of March has arrived -
He brought all the children.
And behind it comes April -
He opened the window and door.
And when May came -
Walk as much as you want now!
After letting everyone through several times, the players forming the goal ask each one which side he chooses - right or left.
Divided into 2 teams, everyone makes up new pairs and, holding hands, raising them up, stand in a row behind the goal. One of the players, who does not have a pair, enters the gate, and they sing to him:
Mother Spring is walking
Alone through the fields and forests
Saying goodbye for the first time
Any other time is prohibited
And we won’t miss you the third time!
Then he uses the edge of his palm to separate the hands of the standing couples. The resulting 2 teams measure their strength - tug of war.
Bouncers.
On the site, 2 lines are drawn at a distance of 5-7 meters from each other. Two bouncers are selected, the rest of the players gather in the center between the two lines. The bouncers stand behind the lines and throw the ball towards each other, trying to hit the players. The ball flying past the players is caught by the second bouncer, and the players turn around and hastily run back. It's the second bouncer's turn to throw.
"Crazy by the tree."
They play on the lawn where there are trees. Everyone except the driver stands near the trees, the driver stands in the middle between the trees. Those standing by the trees begin to run from tree to tree. The driver must smear them before the runner runs up to the tree and says: “Abscond with the tree!” The one who is salted becomes the driver, and the driver takes his place at the tree.
Fishing rod (Fish, Catch a fish).
All players form a circle. One driver is selected to stand in the center of the circle. The driver is given a rope. The driver can also be an adult. The driver begins to rotate the rope. The task of all players in the circle is to jump over it and not get caught. There are two options for developing the game.
1st option: without changing the driver (adult). In this case, those who fall for the bait are eliminated from the game and go outside the circle. The game is played until the most agile and jumping children remain in the circle. (3-4 people).
2nd option: with a change of driver. The “fish” that takes the bait takes a place in the center of the circle and becomes the “fisherman”.
Mousetrap.
Everyone stands in a circle, holding hands - this is a mousetrap. One or two - "mice" . They are outside the circle. Holding hands and raising them up, they move in a circle with the words:
Oh, how tired the mice are,
They gnawed everything, ate everything!
Beware, you rascals,
We'll get to you!
Let's slam the mousetrap
And we'll catch you right away!
While pronouncing the text, the “mice” run in and out of the circle. With the last word, “the mousetrap slams,” they lower their hands and squat down. Those who did not have time to run out of the circle are considered caught and stand in a circle. Other "mice" are selected.
In the Museum of Russian Fun under open air, created specifically for the revival of Russian folk games, local historians have collected games that Vyatka peasants played a century or more ago. We present to your attention some of them:
Malechina-Kalechina
Malechina-kalechina is an ancient folk game. The game consists of placing a stick vertically on the tip of one or two fingers (you cannot support the stick with the other hand) and, turning to the boy, reciting the rhyme:
“Malechina-malechina,
how many hours until evening?
One two Three..."
They count until they manage to keep the stick from falling. When the stick sways, it is picked up with the second hand, preventing it from falling. The winner is determined by the number he reaches.
Grandmas
In Rus', “Babki” were widespread already in the 6th-8th centuries. and was a favorite game. For the game, dibs are taken - specially processed bones of the joints of the legs of cows, pigs, and sheep. Russians hold cow pasterns in the highest esteem: they are larger and can be hit from a great distance. Each player must have his own bat and 3-10 grandmas. The largest and heaviest headstock is taken as a bat ( internal cavity it is often filled with lead or tin). The grandma games themselves are divided into countless types. Here is an example of one of them. Players place a socket on the cue ball out of the blue. Then the conditional distance is determined - horses. Who should start the game first and who should hit after, lots are drawn. Players, standing on the line, hit their cue balls in order of seniority. If they knock down the money at stake, they consider it their winnings. When they all hit, then everyone goes to their cue ball and hits from the place where their cue ball lies; Whoever lies further begins to hit first, and the rest finish the game according to the distance of their cue balls.
Rope
Rope is an old wedding game that amuses married and family people at gatherings, at get-togethers and youth parties for girls, alone, without men. But this has happened before; Nowadays, all wedding planners play indiscriminately with string. The matchmaker brings a rope into the room, the ends of which are tied by the matchmaker or friend in one knot. Players grab this rope with both hands, making a circle around it. A matchmaker or matchmaker stands in the middle of the circle to begin. Walking around everyone, the matchmaker says a nice word to whom, sings a saying to whom, or sees a fairy tale, trying to express in it the characters of the conspirators. Her words, although sometimes quite offensive, are responded to with praise, a smile and kind youth. The circle - this is the name of the matchmaker standing in the middle of the players - among the tales, notices who is looking around, and, lying in wait, immediately hits him on the hand. The mistaken one stands in a circle, with everyone laughing, and begins his tales. Sometimes, instead of fables, players sing wedding songs.
turnip
Fun based on Russian folk tale"Turnip". All players stand one after another, clasping the previous one around the waist. The first player grabs a small tree trunk or pole. “Grandfather” begins to pull the last player, trying to tear him away from the rest. There is another version of the game: Players sit opposite each other, resting their feet on the opponent’s legs. Hands hold onto a stick. On command, they begin to pull each other towards themselves without getting up. The one who pulls the opponent wins.
Fun "Cherry"
This fun is intended for young boys and girls of marriageable age. Everyone stands shoulder to shoulder in two ranks opposite each other at arm's length (or a little closer). Participants place their hands in front of them at a level just above the waist, palms up, or clasp their hands for a stronger connection. It turns out to be a corridor. A volunteer (cherry) runs up and jumps into his hands like a fish at the beginning of the corridor. The task is to throw the cherry to the end of the corridor. Cherry should extend his arms forward and keep his legs together. The corridor should sit down a little and at the same time, while shouting “Eeeee-h”, throw the cherry up and forward along the corridor. The main thing here is to take a wider run and fly higher and further, and after that the hands of his comrades will bring the player to the girl who needs to be kissed. After rolling over the waves from your hands for a couple of tens of meters, the kiss turns out to be very sensual. The main thing in the game is to slow down in time, otherwise you will fly past the desired destination.
Burners
An old Russian game. Girls and single young men played Gorelki. A guy was always chosen as the driver, and he could only catch a girl, so the game provided an opportunity to meet people, communicate, and choose a bride. “Single boys and girls are placed in pairs in a long row, and one of the fellows, who by lot gets to burn, stands in front of everyone and says:
- “I’m burning, I’m burning the stump!”
- “Why are you burning?” - asks a girl's voice.
- “I want a red maiden.”
- "Which?"
- “You, young one!”
At these words, one couple scatters in different directions, trying to get back together and grab each other with their hands; and the one who was burning rushes to catch his girlfriend. If he manages to catch the girl before she meets her mate, then they stand in a row, and the one who remains alone takes his place. If he fails to catch, then he continues to chase other couples, who, after the same questions and answers, run in turns.” A.N.Afanasyev
Brook
Not a single holiday in the old days was complete among young people without this game. Here you have a struggle for your beloved, and jealousy, and a test of feelings, and magic touch to the chosen hand. The game is wonderful, wise and extremely meaningful. The players stand one after another in pairs, usually a boy and a girl, take hands and hold them high above their heads. The clasped hands create a long corridor. The player who did not get a pair goes to the “source” of the stream and, passing under clasped hands, looks for a pair. Holding hands, the new couple makes their way to the end of the corridor, and the one whose couple was broken goes to the beginning of the “stream.” And passing under clasped hands, he takes with him the one he likes. This is how the “trickle” moves - the more participants, the more fun game, especially fun to do while listening to music.
Kubar
In Ancient Rus', head over heels games were one of the most common. Already in the 10th century. The kubar had such a perfect shape that it has hardly changed to this day. The simplest kubari were hewn out of a wooden cylinder with an ax and a knife by cutting its lower end into a cone shape. A mandatory accessory for games with a head over heels is a whip (a rope on a short stick) or just a rope, with the help of which the head over heels is spun to a fast and stable rotation. Kubar is launched in different ways. Sometimes it is untwisted between the palms, and more often a rope is wound around the head and the end is pulled forcefully. This gives the kubar a rotational movement, which can then be maintained by whipping the kubar with a whip or rope. At the same time, the kubar does not fall, but only bounces slightly “as if alive” and begins to rotate even faster, moving gradually in a certain direction. Skilled players compete by driving the kubar in a predetermined direction, often winding, maneuvering between various obstacles or overcoming an obstacle.
Chizhik
Chizhik is a children's game, it makes children happy and saddens them with accidental beatings. The eldest of the children draws a square on the ground with chalk or a sharp stick - a “cage”, in the middle of it he places a stone on which he places a stick - a “siskin”. Everyone takes turns approaching the “cage” with another long stick and hitting the “siskin”, which flies up from the blow. Then other players hit the “siskin” on the fly, trying to drive it back into the “cage”. The game continues until one of the players appears with a broken face and, screaming, begins to find the culprit. But since the beatings are soon forgotten by the children, the game of Chizhik soon resumes.
Zarya
The players stand in a circle, hold their hands behind their backs, and one of the players, “Zarya,” walks behind him with a ribbon and says:
Dawn - lightning,
Red maiden,
I walked across the field,
Dropped the keys
Golden keys
Blue ribbons,
Rings entwined -
Let's go get some water!
With the last words, the driver carefully places the ribbon on the shoulder of one of the players, who, noticing this, quickly takes the ribbon, and they both run in different directions in a circle. The one who is left without a place becomes a “dawn”.
Cockerels
Boys love to bully, push, even fight - in a word, get cocky. But real boys' fights were not carried out in any way, but according to the rules. To play, a small circle was drawn and two players stood in its center. The rules were strict - the guys had their hands behind their backs, you couldn’t stand on two legs, only jump on one leg. Guys were allowed to push with their shoulders, chest, and back, but not with their heads or hands. If you manage to push your opponent so that he steps on the ground with his other foot or jumps out of the circle, you win.
Slaps
Good old fashioned fun for guys. Two young men sit on a bench opposite each other, cross-legged under the bench, and slap each other. The narrow bench and crossed legs make it difficult to apply strong blows with a tense hand. Once one of the guys tried to hit harder, and even with his fist, which was against the rules, but it got worse for him - he became a victim of his own unextinguished inertia and a narrow bench and flew to the ground.
Sack fight
Two good fellows stand up or sit on a log, take a bag in their hands and, on command, begin to hit their opponent with the bag, trying to throw him off the log to the ground. To make it more difficult, you can keep one hand tightly pressed to the lower back and act with the other hand. Here the ability to move, feel the enemy’s movement, and use his inertia becomes more important.
Pole riding
This folk winter pastime was once widespread in the provinces of Russia. On the slope of a mountain or hillock, two smooth, smoothly planed poles (poles) 15-20 m long are placed parallel to each other at a distance of about 1 meter. You get two smooth rails along which you can slide down the mountain. The poles are repeatedly watered so that they freeze solidly and become slippery. Anyone who wants to ride the poles selects a partner of similar height and weight. Partners stand on poles facing each other, supporting each other with their hands on the shoulders or waist. However, there can be a variety of methods, just to resist a rapid slide down. Coherence of actions, the ability to maintain balance, ingenuity, and courage allow some to ride in the most daring and comical poses.
Cradle
For this fun you need a rope 2-3 meters long. Two people hold the rope, or you can tie one of the ends to a tree. The rope is not twisted, but only swung above the ground at different heights - from 10 centimeters and above. Guys and girls, one by one (or in pairs), run up and jump over the swinging rope or start jumping different ways: with closed legs, on one leg, with crossed legs, with a turn when jumping, etc. They jump until they make a mistake. The one who made a mistake replaces one of those swinging the rope. Not only an unsuccessful jump, but also any brushing of the rope is considered a mistake.
Spillikins
Biryulki are small straws (or sticks - wooden, reed, bone or any other, even artificial material) 10 centimeters long, and in number from sixty to one hundred. The bunch is thrown onto the table, or any flat surface, so that the spillikins lie in a chaotic disorder, one on top of the other and side by side. The playing participants in the game strictly take turns removing them one at a time - whichever is more convenient: with their fingers or with a special wire hook attached to a stick. Anyone who barely moves the neighboring spillifish immediately passes the hook to the next player. This continues until the entire pile is completely dismantled. The participant who has accumulated the most wins larger number perfectly shot spillikins. Heads are attached to some spillikins, calling them: king, general, colonel, etc.; You can also give the sticks the appearance of a spear, knife, saw, shovel, etc. For such special spillikins, more points are awarded.
Zhmurki
The leading player is called "blind man's buff."
The blindfolded woman is blindfolded (usually with a scarf or handkerchief). They unwind it and then ask:
- Cat, cat, what are you standing on?
- In the kettle.
- What's in the kneader?
- Catch mice, not us.
After this, the players run away, and the blind man's buff catches them. Zhmurka must catch any other player and identify him. If successful, the caught person becomes a blind man's buff. Players can run, freeze in one place, “tease” the driver in order to attract his attention and, perhaps, thus save the player to whom the driver or “blind man’s buff” came too close.
Bells
This is an old Russian game. The players stand in a circle. Two people go to the middle - one with a bell or bell, and the other is blindfolded. Everyone else sings:
Tryntsy-bryntsy, bells,
The daredevils called:
Digi-digi-digi-don,
Guess where the ringing comes from!
After these words, the blindfolded player must, by the sound of the bell, catch the participant dodging him. When a participant with a bell is caught, he becomes the driver, and the second player joins the general circle.
Golden Gate
In this game, two players stand opposite each other and, holding hands, raise them up. The result is a “gate”. The rest stand one after another and put their hands on the shoulders of the person walking in front or simply join hands. The resulting chain should pass under the gate. And at this time the “gate” says:
Golden Gate
They don't always miss!
Saying goodbye for the first time
The second time is prohibited
And for the third time
We won't miss you!
After these words, the “gate” sharply lowers its hands, and those players who are caught also become “gates”. Gradually the number of “gates” increases, and the chain decreases. The game ends when all players become gates.
Swan geese
Having chosen two or one wolf, depending on the number of players, they choose the leader, the one who starts the game. Everyone else becomes geese. The leader stands at one end of the area, the geese stand at the other, and the wolves hide to the side. The leader walks around, glances, and, noticing the wolves, runs to his place, claps his hands and shouts:
- Geese-swans, go home!
- Run, fly home, there are wolves behind the mountain!
- What do wolves want?
- Pluck gray geese and gnaw their bones!
After these words, the geese must have time to run to the leader before the wolves grab them. Caught geese leave the game, and the remaining players repeat the game again until the wolves catch all the geese.
Easter egg rolling
Egg rolling is a competitive game and the goal is to obtain eggs from other players. A path (also called a skating rink or tray) is installed on a flat area, which is a trough made of cardboard or wood, at the end of which painted eggs, as well as toys and other trinkets are laid out. The path can be inclined, and its shape varies. Sometimes they do without a special path; the eggs are rolled on the floor or on the grass. Each player rolls their egg along the track. If it hits any of the items, that item is won. If the egg does not touch any object, it is left on the site, and another player can get it as a prize.
Elephant
Elephant is an old Russian game that boys especially love, as the game reveals the strongest and most resilient. The players are divided into two equal in strength and number of team members. One of the teams is an elephant, the other jumps on it. The strongest and strongest player stands in front, facing the wall, leaning against it, bending over and lowering his head. The next participant grabs him by the belt and hides his head, followed by the third, fourth, and so on. They must hold each other tightly, imitating an elephant. Members of the other team take turns running and jumping onto the back of the elephant so that they can sit as far forward as possible, leaving room for the next ones. The players' task is to stay on the elephant as a team and not fall off within 10 seconds. After this, team members change roles.
Kiss, girl, well done
The game will require many participants - girls and boys. The players stand in a circle, and one person stands in the center. Then everyone starts moving: the circle rotates in one direction, the one in the center rotates in the other. The player in the center rotates with his eyes closed and his arm extended in front of him. Everyone is singing:
A matryoshka was walking along the path,
Lost two earrings
Two earrings, two rings,
Kiss, girl, well done.
With the last words everyone stops. The player to whom the leader's hand is pointing goes to the center. The players stand with their backs to each other and turn their heads left or right on the count of three; if the sides match, then the lucky ones kiss!
The ringleader
First, all players stand in a circle facing the center. The driver moves away from the players, who, in turn, choose the “ringleader.” The “ringleader” shows all the other players various movements, and the players repeat these movements, keeping up with the “ringleader”. The driver must guess who the “ringleader” is. If after 20 seconds he fails, the driver is eliminated from the game, and the players choose a new driver.
ring-ring
Everyone is sitting on a bench. The driver is selected. He has a ring or other small object between his palms. The rest keep their palms closed. The driver with the ring goes around everyone and seems to give them a ring. But only the one who got the ring knows who he put it to. Others must observe and guess who has this item. When the driver says: “ring, ring, go out onto the porch,” the one who has it should jump out, and the others, if they guessed it, should hold him back. If he managed to jump out, he starts driving, if not, the one who detained him drives. Moreover, you can only hold it with your elbows, since your palms remain closed.
Annotation:
Games are a kind of school for a child. The thirst for action is satisfied in them; abundant food is provided for the work of the mind and imagination; The ability to overcome failures, experience failure, stand up for oneself and for justice is developed. Games are the key to a child’s full mental life in the future.
Calendar folk games are an invaluable national treasure. They are of interest not only as a genre of oral folk art. They contain information that gives an idea of Everyday life our ancestors - their life, work, worldview. Games were an indispensable element of folk ritual holidays. Unfortunately, folk games have almost disappeared from childhood today. I would like to make them a property of our days.
Almost every game begins with choosing a driver. Most often this happens with the help of a counting rhyme.
The reader reveals its ancient tradition. The habit of counting comes from the everyday life of adults. Before an upcoming task, in the past they often resorted to counting to find out whether the plan would end successfully or unsuccessfully. This was given extraordinary importance, since they believed that there were lucky and unlucky numbers.
The adults were counted, and the children began to be counted. After all, many children's games imitate the serious activities of adults - hunting animals, catching birds, caring for crops, etc.
There are games in which players are divided into teams. To avoid disputes, agreements were used: who do you choose? what do you choose? what will you take?
Project passport
Project duration:
Project participants:
Children middle group, educators, parents.
Relevance:
The world of childhood cannot exist without play. Play in a child’s life is moments of joy, fun, competition; it guides the child through life. Children's games are varied, including games with toys, games with movements, games-competitions, games with a ball and other sports equipment. In preschool age, children play constantly - this is their natural need, it is a way of understanding the world around them.
Project type:
informational, gaming.
Target:
Education and development of children based on the ideas of folk pedagogy, physical education children 4-5 years old.
Tasks:
- Teaching folk outdoor games and joint actions.
- Development of physical qualities: dexterity, balance, speed of movement through folk outdoor games.
- Consolidation of basic movements: running, jumping, throwing during folk outdoor games.
- Fostering love for the native land and independence in decision making.
- Use all types of folklore (fairy tales, songs, nursery rhymes, chants, proverbs, sayings, riddles, round dances), since folklore is richest source cognitive and moral development of children.
Project methods:
games - active, low mobility, round dancing.
Expected Result:
- development of dialogical and monologue speech of children.
- children’s use of nursery rhymes, rhymes, and riddles in active speech.
- Children know how to play Russian folk outdoor games and use counting rhymes.
- create a system of work to introduce children to the origins of Russian folk culture.
- involve parents in the educational process through Russian folk outdoor games,
Project implementation stages:
I. Organizational.
Selection of methodological literature;
Working with parents on interaction within the project.
Development of activities;
Selection of music.
II.Project implementation:
Communication.
1. Learning rhymes and tongue twisters.
Fiction.
2. Learning rhymes and tongue twisters.
Health.
1. Organization and conduct of outdoor games that preserve and strengthen physical health children.
Safety.
1. Explanation of safety precautions.
Physical Culture.
1. Inclusion of folk outdoor games in direct educational activities.
Socialization.
1. Play together.
2. Familiarization with the attributes of games.
Cognition.
1. Explanation of the rules of the game.
Music.
1. Inclusion of folk outdoor games in direct educational activities on the relevant topic.
III. Generalizing.
Leisure activities.
APPLICATION
GAME DESCRIPTION
№1 Shepherd and flock Children depict a herd (cows or sheep) and are in a barn (behind the conventional line). The driver is a shepherd, he is wearing a hat, a whip in his belt, a horn in his hands, and is located a little away from the herd. At the signal “Horn!” (whistle or music) all animals calmly leave their houses, run, jump, walk around the pasture, at the signal “Home!” everyone returns to their homes. |
№ 2 Brook The players line up in pairs one behind the other. Every couple The game is played at a fast pace. They play until they get bored. |
№ 3 Pie The players are divided into two teams. The teams are pitted against each other. A “pie” sits between them (with a hat on it). Everyone unanimously begins to praise the “pie”: That's how tall he is After these words, the players, one from each team, run to the “pie”. Whoever reaches the goal faster and touches the “pie” takes it with him. A child from the losing team sits in the “pie’s” place. This happens until until everyone on one team loses. |
№ 4 Big ball A game in which you need to form a circle. Children join hands, and one driver is selected, who stands in the center of the circle and there is a large ball near his feet. The task of the player in the center is to kick the ball and push it out of the circle. The player who misses the ball goes outside the circle, and the one who hits takes his place. At the same time, everyone turns their back to the center of the circle and tries not to miss the ball into the center of the circle. An important condition is that the ball cannot be picked up during the entire game. |
№ 5 Confused Children taking part in this game stand in one row, join hands, thereby forming a chain. A leader is appointed on the right side of the chain, who, on command, begins to run with a change of direction and the entire chain begins to move behind him. However, no one except the leader knows the direction of movement, so it is quite difficult to maintain balance and not disconnect the chain. The further a player is from the leader, the more difficult it is for him to maintain balance, not fall or break the chain. |
Counting books
One two three four,
Five, six, seven,
Eight nine ten.
The white moon is coming out!
Who will reach the month?
He will go and hide!
The apple was rolling
Past the garden
Past the vegetable garden
Past the stockade;
Who will lift him up?
That one will come out!
Abstract physical education for middle group children
"Journey into the world of Russian folk games"
Tasks:
1. Arouse children’s interest in Russian folk games and a desire to play them.
2.Practice in performing basic types of movements through game tasks.
3. Bring joy to children.
4. Develop the ability to act in a team and follow the rules in games.
Equipment:
Baba Yaga costume, broom, 4 hemp, 4 buckets, Russian scarf, gifts for children.
Leisure activities: (children enter the hall to the music)
Presenter: Guys, I invite you to go to the country of Russian folk games!
Playerross we are starting
We wish everyone good health!
Take part quickly!
Yes, call your friends!
It's time for us all to hit the road!
The game is calling us to visit!
(Baba Yaga comes out to the music)
Q: Hello Grandma Yaga! How did you get here?
Ya: It’s no coincidence that I came to see you today, I’m friends,
I collected a lot of games and brought them in a bag!
Q: Grandmother Yaga, what is your favorite game?
Yaga: From sports life I absolutely adore hockey!
I would like a stick and a goal - I would love to score the puck!
And my friends, I also love to dance until the morning!
Q: Our guys also love to dance!
Yaga: Can you dance?
I'll check it now!
Get ready to dance!
(children stand scattered on the carpet)
Musical and rhythmic composition
“There are no miracles in the world these days”
(Baba Yaga shows movements)
Q: Baba Yaga, we read in books that your broom has magical powers!
Yaga: Of course! Otherwise, how would I have gotten to you, so far away?
(Baba Yaga holds the broom, and it seems to be torn out of her hands)
Broom, stop!
I'm sorry, what? (listens to the broom) Do you want to play with the guys?
Let's try!
GAME “Flying on the Broom”
Children stand behind Baba Yaga, hold each other by the shoulders, walk to the music, in a straight line and “snake” around the stumps. At the command “stop,” the children crouch, and Baba Yaga catches those who do not crouch.
Yaga: Oh, my little broom, how I love you!
A new game is waiting for you - have fun kids!
GAME “The broom is worried - once...”
(“forest figure freeze in place” - fox, bear, mouse, hare)
Yaga: Let's have a hare race!
Game task “Hare racing”
Children line up in one line opposite the “stumps”
Assignment: after the words One, two, three - don’t yawn!
The hare race begins!
Children jump on two legs up to the stump, the one who jumps first wins.
Ved: Grandmother Yaga, I see you are tired, right?
Yaga: Yes, I’m a little tired!
I open my bag, who is it? My cat!
(Baba Yaga takes out a cat toy)
Sit on the mat and the cat will play with you!
GAME “The cat dangles the strings”
Forming in a circle, sitting cross-legged.
The cat winds strings on a ball, “winding the strings”
The cat is winding strings around a ball!
Rolls, rolls, rolls bakes! "turn your fists"
Donuts, donuts, donuts, donuts! 4 clapping hands
Bakes rolls, rolls, rolls! Same
Donuts, donuts, donuts, donuts!
Views, views, views! "turn your fists"
I pound the beaters with my fists and clap them on my knees
I'm nailing it! Fists touching each other
I'm hammering it! Palms tapping on the floor
Yaga: Where is my bag, give it to me!
Help grandma! (addresses the child)
(Baba Yaga takes a fish out of the bag)
I love fish very much, I cook fish soup from it!
Do you know how to catch fish?
GAME “Fishermen and Fishes”
Two children are fishermen, the rest are fish.
Hey you sprats and bulls!
What do you want, fishermen?
We'll catch you now
And salt in barrels
And we will find a hole
And we will sail away from you!
Children "fishermen" hold each other's hands, children "fish" run "through the nets."
Children caught by fishermen become fish.
Yaga: You are nice fishermen, but
to cook my fish soup -
I need to light the stove!
Game-competition “Who can collect the cones the fastest.”
4 children come out.
Stand near their hoop
Each child has bumps in the hoop,
bucket in hand
on command: 1.2.3. - quickly collect the cones - children collect the cones into buckets, carry the bucket to Baba Yaga.
Yaga: Oh, thank you guys! Friends helped Yaga!
And in my magic bag a new game is waiting for you (Baba Yaga takes a scarf from the bag).
A GAME "Guess who was hiding under the scarf"
Ved: Dear granny, our guys know how to play a game called that
"Baba Yaga". Do you want to play with us?
Yaga: Of course!
Outdoor game "Baba Yaga"
(after the game Baba Yaga takes the bag)
Vedas: Baba Yaga walked from beyond the sea
Carried the body of health,
Little by little, this and that
And Vanyushka has the whole box.
Yaga: Well, thank you, friends! I had a lot of fun playing!
I promise I won't do it again
I catch children everywhere
I'll be a good old lady
Good-natured and obedient,
I will play sports
And douse yourself with water,
And in his native forest
I’ll add a new position:
I will be a teller of fairy tales,
Guardian of our forests!
(Baba Yaga gives gifts to children)
It's time for me to say goodbye!
Heat the stove, cook the fish soup, feed the guests!
And I wish you not to get bored, play Russian games!
(Baba Yaga leaves)
Ved:
There is a lot in this world
Various games and activities.
Choose to your liking!
And teach your friends to play!
(children leave the hall to the music)
Consultation for parents
“Russian folk outdoor games for kids.
Play with us"
It's the 21st century. A century of technology and progress. In an effort to keep up with the times, we begin to forget our native traditions. Many parents, giving preference to computers and foreign languages, do not attach any importance to patriotic education, which is rooted in the traditions and history of the native people.
IN Lately in kindergartens and schools the traditions and history of Russia are given Special attention. As practice has shown, you can instill love for something long gone from the very beginning. early childhood. For example, when introducing a child to Russian folk outdoor games, we:
We develop children's interest and emotional responsiveness to folk art;
We expand and enrich children’s play activities;
We develop motor activity;
Strengthening children's health;
We enrich the vocabulary.
Dear parents, we bring to your attention options for Russian folk outdoor games for younger children preschool age, which can be played not only in kindergarten, but also at home and in the yard.
1. Round dance - game "Ay, gugu!"
Children stand in a circle. The leader leads the children and says the words:
Ay, gugu, gugu, gugu,
Doesn't spin around in the meadow.
There is a puddle in the meadow,
Your head will spin.
Oh, water! Oh, water!
What a disaster, what a disaster!
Jump - jump, jump - jump,
Jumped, jumped and jumped,
I fell straight into a puddle!
2. Game "Handkerchief"
Children sit on chairs. The presenter is in the center of the circle, showing a handkerchief.
This is the handkerchief I have,
Go and dance, Katenka, my friend (tying it),
I’ll show Katya to all the guys (shows).
That's it, that's how Katenka goes,
He sings a funny song to us.
Can you dance? - I'll take a look.
I will praise Katya to mom and dad (children clap, Katya dances).
More fun, Katya, dance,
We will clap heartily.
3. Game "Raven"
Before the game starts, birds are selected (for example, sparrows, whose voice they can imitate. A raven is selected. The birds fly and scream. A raven flies out of the nest and shouts: “Kar-r-r!” The birds hide in the house, the raven tries to catch them.
We hope that you enjoy playing with your kids and this will become your good tradition! Good luck!
CONSULTATION FOR TEACHERS
Topic: “The importance of Russian folk games in the education of preschool children”
Folk games in kindergarten- not entertainment, but a special methodinvolving children in creative activities, a method of stimulating their activity.
While playing, the child learns about the world around him. By learning and using folk texts and songs in games and round dances, he fills them with specific content in relation to game situations. Learns the values and symbols of the culture of his people. The game teaches the child what he can do and what he is weak in. While playing, he strengthens his muscles, improves perception, masters new skills, frees himself from excess energy, experiences various solutions own problems, learns to communicate with other people.
Game is a unique phenomenon of universal human culture. Through play, a child receives a variety of information about the world and himself from adults and peers. Russian folk culture is extremely rich in games: self-expression of buffoons, guslars, cockfights, puppet Parsley, bear baiting, horse racing, round dances, fist fights, whip competitions, active entertainment is a universal form of human behavior. That's whyfolk games in kindergartenare an integral part of the multicultural, physical, aesthetic education of children. The joy of movement is combined with the spiritual enrichment of children. They develop a stable, interested, respectful attitude towards the culture of their native country, creating an emotionally positive basis for the development of patriotic feelings
Russian folk games have a long history; they have survived to this day from ancient times, passed on from generation to generation, absorbing the best national traditions. Boys and girls gathered outside the outskirts, danced in circles, sang songs, played burners and tag, and competed in dexterity. In winter, entertainment was of a different nature: there were rides from the mountains, snowball fights, horseback riding through the villages with songs and dances.
Funny outdoor folk games are our childhood. Who doesn’t remember the constant hide and seek, tag, and traps! When did they arise? Who invented these games? There is only one answer to this question: they were created by the people in the same way as fairy tales and songs. Both we and our children love to play Russian folk games.
Russian folk games reflect the people's love for fun, movement, and daring. Eat fun games with inventing absurdities, with funny movements, gestures, “redemption of forfeits.” Jokes and humor are characteristic of these games. Russian folk games are valuable for children from a pedagogical point of view: they pay great attention to the development of the mind, character, will, and strengthen the child. What is the advantage of using Russian folk outdoor games?
Folk games help to assimilate the knowledge gained in the classroom: for example, to consolidate the idea of colors and shades, my children and I play the game “Paints.” Children really like the game. It contains the originality of game actions: and dialogic speech, dialogue between the “monk” and the “seller”, jumping on one leg and a poetic text.
Folk games have a lot of humor, competitive fervor, movements are precise and imaginative, often accompanied by unexpected moments, children’s favorite rhymes and barkers. Children know a lot of readers and barkers. And by memorizing them, we not only instill a love for Russian creativity, but also develop children's memory.
Attention is a necessary condition for any activity: educational, gaming and cognitive. Meanwhile, the attention of preschoolers is, as a rule, poorly developed. And folk games help to cope with this problem, since the games contain poetic text that directs the attention of children and reminds them of the rules.
Thus, Russian folk games represent a conscious initiative activity aimed at achieving a conditional goal established by the rules of the game, which is formed on the basis of Russian national traditions and takes into account the cultural, social and spiritual values of the Russian people in the physical education aspect of the activity.
It is important that in outdoor folk games psychophysical qualities are developed: agility, speed, endurance, strength, coordination of movements, balance, and the ability to navigate in space.
Russian folk games have their own characteristics: these are ornamentals, counting rhymes, chants, choruses, and upside-down fables. Let's take a closer look at each of these signs.
Game ornaments- a mandatory feature of folk games. These include: the language of the game (conceptuality, speech vocabulary); music, rhythm, if it is included in the context of the game; gaming gestures; folklore talkers, draws, teasers, speech tricks, chants, sentences, counting rhymes.
Counting book - This is a rhymed poem, consisting mostly of invented words and consonances with emphatically strict adherence to rhythm. Using counting rhymes, the players divide roles and set the order for starting the game. The main features of counting rhymes are that they are based on counting, and that for the most part they consist of meaningless words and consonances. This is due to the ancient rule of prohibition on counting (fear of losing the harvest, good luck in hunting). The Eastern Slavs, the people of the Caucasus, and Siberia know the prohibition of counting. This was a great inconvenience, and people came up with the so-called “negative counting”: “not once, not twice,” “not three.” The ancient recount with distorted symbols of numbers very naturally turned into a counting rhyme. Recalculation in the game is an imitation of adults’ preparations for serious life matters. Over time, in addition to numbers, new artistic elements were introduced into it. The counting book became a game and fun. The creator of the plot of the rhymes is not just one child, but the entire children's environment, which creates a special subculture of childhood, even if the work is performed at a certain moment alone specific child. Basically, a child can repeat a traditional, established, favorite plot, but he can also make changes to reflect the interests of his age and environment.
The use of counting rhymes allows you to establish order in the game and relieve tension, since “ funny words”, the meaning of which is unclear and sometimes funny, captivates children, they themselves begin to come up with funny expressions, and sometimes texts. Unlike adult culture, where the bearers of canonical texts, as a rule, are written sources or folk storytellers, children's folklore texts (which, undoubtedly, include counting rhymes) are passed on from one group of children to another. In this case, the carrier is not an individual child, but an entire group of children, as an integral social organism. It is in the peer group that the child satisfies his needs for communication, social testing of his “I,” information, and humor. Folklore texts are passed on from one generation of children to another, but at the same time, each child is able to endow a folklore work with new meaning and content. Variability and dynamism are characteristic of virtually all components of the children's subculture, including counting rhymes. Ask the children to tell what rhymes they know, help them finish them, suggest new ones, gradually create the opportunity for the children themselves to “take over” the initiative. Try not to miss the opportunity to constantly replenish your children’s gaming luggage with a new rhyme.
Calls - another ornamental component of the folk game; they belong to the group of folklore, which has lost its meaning in the world of adults and passed on to children. These are appeals to inanimate natural phenomena (the sun, rain, rainbow), which in pagan Rus' were used for certain agricultural rituals. Later, these ritual actions began to be performed in children's folk games, no longer performing a religious, but a ritual function. Most often, children sing chants in chorus, often they become playful refrains (“rain, rain more, I’ll give you the thick of it...”, “rainbow-arc, tilt your horns...”). It is the chants that can “decorate” any folk game, making it more dramatic and theatrical. A choir of children's voices, shouting out a call in unison, creates in the group good mood, encourages active action, forces children to obey a certain play rhythm.
Playful refrainsthey begin the game, set the conditions of the game, connect the parts of the game action, and often the children themselves compose game songs. An example is the game “Golden Gate”.
Come in, gentlemen, we open the gates,
The first mother will pass,
He will see all the children.
Saying goodbye for the first time
The second time is prohibited.
And the third time we won’t let you through.
The children who stood with their hands raised “golden gate”, at these words, lower their hands down and do not let the chain of children pass.
Verbal games, which include jokes and flip-fables, are traditionally considered one of the most difficult genres for children to perform. Every nation has similar play songs based on wordplay. In foreign children's anthologies there is a whole section of “poems without meaning.” Here is one of them, belonging to William Rand's "The Upside Down World":
If a horse were to saddle its rider,
If the grass began to eat the cow,
If mice were hunting a cat,
If a man became a woman.
There is a similar classic work in Russian children's literature, its author is K. Chukovsky, every adult remembers the poem “Confusion” from childhood:“The kittens meowed- We’re tired of meowing, we want to grunt like piglets......
This poem is based on a folk joke-reversal:
The deaf-eared pig made a nest in the oak tree,
She raised exactly sixty piglets,
She scattered all the piglets into little bitches,
The piglets squeal, they want to fly.
Fables-reversals- this is a special type of rhyme song that causes laughter by deliberately mixing all real connections and relationships. These are outright absurd games. Children of any age like them, but already a six-year-old child is able not only to “appreciate” all the comedy of situations, but also to be imbued with the rhythm and poetry of the spoken word and often come up with a funny answer. Such inconsistencies only serve to highlight the real connections. Humor becomes pedagogy.
Game accessories (costumes, props, attributes) should also be classified as ornamental components of the game. Therefore, it is necessary to have a “mummering” corner in the kindergarten group; this will not only enrich the children’s play activities, but will also allow them to fully organize the theatrical activities of children.
In folk games, children actively use gaming vocabulary, gestures, and facial expressions required by the conditions of the games (close their eyes, turn away, count). Choreography, backup dancers, mimance, special game songs, rhythms, amulets are organically included in this or that folk game, giving it emotionality, influencing premonitions, predictions, imagination, fantasy, which generates feelings of pleasure and happiness from the game. All structural elements games are mobile, they change along with the development of children’s play activities, and they also change the games themselves.
Russian folk outdoor games should not be forgotten. They will give positive results then, when they fulfill their main purpose - they will give children pleasure and joy, and will not be a learning activity.
Used Books
- M.F. Litvinova. Russian folk outdoor games. M.: Iris-press, 2003.
- O.L. Knyazeva, M.D. Makhaneva. Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture: Program. Educational and methodological manual. – St. Petersburg: Childhood-Press, 2010.
- Card index of Russian folk outdoor games.
Preview:
MDOU "Kindergarten No. 9 "Rainbow"
Pedagogical
project
"Folk children's outdoor games"
Prepared by the teacher
Senior group:
Kozlova O.G. -
Teacher 1st quarter
Balabanovo, 2017
Relevance of the project topic
From time immemorial, in games, children demonstrated and consolidated the activities that accompanied them in the family circle. It was through play that children became acquainted with the basic techniques of a particular craft or trade: shoemaking, weaving, beekeeping, hunting, fishing...
National games contribute to the transfer to the younger generation from the older generation of the invaluable positive experience accumulated by their ancestors regarding rational farming and life in harmony with nature.
Plunging into the historical past of the Russian people, we can highlight a number of games and entertainment that our great-grandparents played and that our children can play now. Outdoor games are simple in content and do not require complex attributes (wooden stick, ball, rope, scarf, etc.).
Project participants
Children of the senior group, parents and teachers of the group, music director.
Objective of the project
Create conditions for children to develop elementary ideas about the culture and traditions of the Russian people through outdoor play.
Project objectives
1. Formation in children of a holistic attitude towards the national culture, traditions and games of the Russian people; contribute to the strengthening of family ties, through interest in the content of the project topic, not only of children, but also of their parents.
2. Formation of ideas about the diversity of folk games; learn to use folk games in independent activities, act according to the rules; broaden children's horizons.
3. Promoting the development of children’s creative abilities and the desire to learn more about their native land.
4. Introduce children to folk games of children from neighboring countries
Project implementation period: April-May
Predicted result
Children develop knowledge about the traditions of the people in which they live; children learn to use national games in free activities; In the family, a connection is established between generations, as parents and grandparents share memories of their childhood, parents are involved in joint games with their children.
The professional level of teachers and the degree of their involvement in activities increases; knowledge of the traditions and culture of the people is deepened.
The educational level of parents is increased by introducing them to fascinating world folk games; a system of productive interaction between participants is developing educational process(children involve their parents in the project, communicate with each other and with the teacher).
Project implementation stages
Stages | Tasks | date |
|
Preparatory | Lead children to the topic of the project |
Goals: To expand children's understanding of the historical and cultural past of our ancestors.
Goal: to awaken parents’ interest in the topic of folk games; encourage children to play together
| 1.10 2.10 3.10 6.10 1-10.10 6.10 6.10 |
Stage I Organizational | Optimization of all sections of the program to consolidate knowledge about the traditions and culture of the Russian people; introduce parents to the goals and objectives of the project being implemented in the group, explain its importance and necessity |
Goals of consultation for parents: raising the educational level of parents | October November 6-10.10 6-10.10 |
Stage II Practical | Formation of basic knowledge and ideas about the games of the native people and their diversity. Continue to teach children to use folk outdoor games in free activities. |
| 7.10 From 7.10 From 21.10 From 7.10 From 21.10 From 5.11 |
Stage III. Final | Generalization of work experience on the topic “Folk children's outdoor games.” |
| 11-25.11 |
Evaluation of project results
Results of a survey of families on the topic “Folk children's outdoor games”:
In all the families that took part in the survey, parents walk with their children, provide them with the opportunity to play outdoor games and develop physically, but at the same time, the majority of parents do not play with their children and could not answer what importance outdoor games have for physical development and children's health. Most parents know what folk outdoor games are and are familiar with them, but at the same time, children do not know what folk games are. This suggests that the connection between generations is weakly traced in families; education in a historical, cultural and patriotic vein is not carried out. Based on the results of the survey, it was decided to familiarize parents with information about the importance and necessity of joint outdoor games with children, their importance for improving children’s health and strengthening connections within the family, both between parents and children, and between parents. Draw the attention of parents to the relationship between generations in the historical, cultural and patriotic directions. For this purpose, consultations were held for parents “We play outdoor games - we strengthen our health”, “Russian folk outdoor games”, individual conversations with parents, and parents were also asked to bring photographs of moments of joint games with children in order to attract parents to joint games with children.
From the results of a survey of children, we can conclude that children know the names of games, their rules, and can organize games in independent activities. During the project, the children learned to distinguish outdoor games from other types of games, the children were also able to get acquainted with the concept of folk games, it turned out that children are familiar with folk games, and they love to play them, but so far they can hardly distinguish folk games from other outdoor games. With three children, parents began to spend free time not in front of the TV, but in a game, and this is still, although not a big achievement, but still an achievement.
Upon completion of work on the project, the group’s teachers increased their professional competence in project activities; deepened knowledge about the traditions and culture of their native land, strengthened connections with the families of children.
Summing up the results of the project, it was decided by all its participants to continue studying folk games and apply them in joint games, both in families and during their stay in kindergarten.
Application
Questionnaire for parents on the topic “Folk children's outdoor games”
Dear parents! We ask you to answer the proposed questions. Thank you in advance for your participation!
- Do you often go for walks on weekends?_________________
- When you go for a walk with your child, you go...
a) Into the forest
b) In the yard
c) To the store
d) To the sports playground
- What types of games does your child prefer?
a) Outdoor games
b) Board games
c) Role-playing games
d) Others (Which ones?)_______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
- Which sport equipment do you have at home?______________
____________________________________________________________
- What outdoor games did you play as a child? __________________
_____________________________________________________________
- How do you understand what folk games are?____________________
- List what folk games you know___________________________
__________________________________________________________________
- Do you often play outdoor games with your child? ______
- What do you think is the importance of outdoor games for the physical development and health of children?________________________ __________________________________________________________
Questions for children on the topic “Folk children's outdoor games”
- Do you like to play?
Russian folk outdoor games
Description of games
"Aram-shim-shim"
The driver stands in the center of the circle with his eyes closed and his hand extended forward. All the players run in a circle with the words: Aram-shim-shim, Aram-shim-shim, Aramia-Dulsia, Point to me. On last words the circle stops and the players look at whom the leader's hand is pointing at. The one whom the driver pointed to enters the circle and stands back to back with the driver. Everyone says in unison: “One, two, three.” On the count of “three,” those standing in the center simultaneously turn their heads. If they turn their heads in one direction, then they are performing some task for the children - singing, dancing, reading, etc. After this, the first driver leaves, and the second takes his place. If they turn their heads in different directions, then no task is given to them, the first driver leaves, and the second one starts the game from the beginning. When older kids play this game, they sometimes introduce this rule. If there is a boy and a girl in the center, and they turn their heads in the same direction, then they should kiss. If there are two boys or two girls in the center, then they shake hands.
Game “Roll on, merry tambourine!”
Everyone stands in a large circle. The presenter says the words: You roll, merry tambourine, quickly, quickly through your hands. Whoever has a funny tambourine will now... /task/ etc.
Burn, burn clearly. (2)
The children line up pair by pair. The driver takes the lead. He is not allowed to look back. Everyone sings:
Burn, burn clearly
So that it doesn't go out.
Look at the sky -
Birds are flying, bells are ringing!
When the song ends, the children standing in the last pair separate and run around those standing in pairs (one on the left, the other on the right). They try to grab hands in front. The driver, in turn, tries to catch whoever is running. The one who is caught becomes the first pair with the driver, and the one left without a pair becomes the new driver. If a pair of runners manages to connect before the driver catches anyone, then this pair takes the lead, and the game continues with the same driver.
Ring.
The presenter takes the ring in his hands. All other participants sit on the bench, fold their palms into a boat and place them on their knees. The leader goes around the children and puts his hands in each one’s hands, while he says:
I’m walking along the hill, carrying the ring! Guess, guys, where the gold fell?
The presenter quietly places a ring in the hands of one of the players. Then he takes a few steps away from the bench and intones the words:
Ring, ring,
Get out on the porch!
Who will leave the porch,
He will find the ring!
The task of the player who has the ring in his hands is to jump up from the bench and run away, and the children sitting next to him must guess who has it hidden and try, holding it with their hands, not to let this player go. If the player with the ring fails to escape, he returns the ring to the leader. And if he manages to escape, he becomes the new leader and continues the game
Woodpecker.
The players choose a participant representing a woodpecker. The remaining players approach the tree with the woodpecker and sing:
A woodpecker walks across the arable land,
Looking for a grain of wheat,
I couldn’t find it and I’m pounding the bitches,
A knock is heard in the forest.
Knock-Knock!
After this, the woodpecker takes a stick and, counting to himself, knocks on the tree the intended number of times. Whichever player is the first to correctly name the number and run around the tree as many times becomes the new woodpecker and the game is repeated.
Throws.
One of the players picks up the ball and sings:
Olya, Kolya, green oak
White lily of the valley, gray bunny
Give it up!
With the word “Drop it!” throws the ball up strongly. Whichever player is the first to catch it on the fly sings the same game chorus and tosses the ball.
Bouncers
On the site, 2 lines are drawn at a distance of 5-7 meters from each other. Two are selected bouncer , the remaining players gather in the center between the two lines. The bouncers stand behind the lines and throw the ball towards each other, trying to hit the players. The ball flying past the players is caught by the second bouncer, and the players turn around and hastily run back. It's the second bouncer's turn to throw.
Organized joint activities with kids
“What clothes did you wear before?”
Goals: developing children's ideas about the appearance of our ancestors living in the Bryansk region and its connection with the life of people; formation of initial skills of analysis and comparison using the example of comparing the clothing of Russian and other peoples; enrichment of the vocabulary of “paneva”, “veil”, “ubrus”
Equipment: musical arrangement (Russian folk songs); an album with illustrations of clothing from different times and peoples; ball; Lydia Iovleva “Artists in the Tretyakov Gallery. Viktor Vasnetsov." Trefoil, 2002; Galina Churak “Artists in the Tretyakov Gallery. Vasily Surikov." Trefoil, 2002; Galina Churak “Artists in the Tretyakov Gallery. Ilya Repin." Trefoil, 2002; James Patterson “What clothes did they wear before”; “Russian traditional costume. Complex with paneva" didactic material, lotto game
Progress of activities:
1.
I suggest you look at me: “I am a woman, my name is Lyubov Vladimirovna. Every person on Earth is either a man or a woman, and children are a boy or a girl.”
Game for attention
I will throw you a ball, and you, having caught it, will answer who you are and what your name is.
Conversation about basic gender differences
Now let’s talk about how girls differ in appearance from boys and vice versa.
What do you think appearance is? What does it consist of? (children's answers)
So: appearance is the outer appearance of a person, that is, what we see.
Repeat (repeat together)
Let's compare two children - a boy and a girl (compare clothes, height, shoes, hair length, build, etc.)
Examination of illustrations for books: Lydia Iovleva “Artists in the Tretyakov Gallery. Viktor Vasnetsov." Trefoil, 2002; Galina Churak “Artists in the Tretyakov Gallery. Vasily Surikov." Trefoil, 2002; Galina Churak “Artists in the Tretyakov Gallery. Ilya Repin." Trefoil, 2002; James Patterson “What clothes did you wear before?”
2. Introducing children to women's clothing in the Central regions of Russia at the end of the 19th century.
Play Russian folk songs (immersion)
Close your eyes and imagine that you live in Ancient Rus'. There are old huts around you, you are playing on the green lawn. You are wearing Slavic clothes: the girls have long sundresses, different colors, the boys have ribbons in pigtails and wide trousers with blouses, everyone has bast shoes on their feet...
Look what's happening around you? Introduced?
While the children's eyes are closed, the teacher hangs up the suit with the paneva.
Now open your eyes. These are the clothes your great-great-great grandmothers wore.
Children come up and look at it, touch the costume, the teacher answers the children’s questions, introduces them to the concepts: paneva, veil, ubrus.
3. Result: Didactic game “Russian National Costume. Complex with paneva"
Organized joint activities
"Toys of our grandmothers"
Goals: developing children's ideas about folk toys; the formation of patriotic personality traits and pride in belonging to one’s people; continue pedagogical activities to instill in children national identity and respect for other nations
Equipment: straw toys, rag toys, dolls - amulets, clay toys, nesting dolls, photo album with a description of “Matryoshka”, Itta Ryumina “Dolls of our grandmothers”, Malysh Publishing House, Moscow, 1989
The activity is carried out through the teacher's story to the children while the children simultaneously examine the toys corresponding to the moment of the story.
Straw toys.
Since ancient times, a bundle of straw tied with a rope has served as the basis for traditional peasant toys. In all likelihood, the first straw toys were born, as it were, right in the field during the harvest, when peasant women were often forced to take small children with them. Of course, left unattended, they became capricious. And, perhaps, somehow, in order to appease the child, the peasant woman made a primitive doll from the first thing that fell into her hands - from a straw rope (svyasl), used for tying sheaves. The plait folded in half vaguely resembled a head, and the straws fanning out below resembled a dress or sundress. Then the doll's figure began to gradually become more complex. They inserted a bundle of straw perpendicular to the body, tying it in the middle and along the edges in the same way as sheaves are tied with a bundle.
Subsequently, the design of the straw doll began to be improved. The manufacture of such dolls required not only the usual ability to knit sheaves, but also skillful mastery of weaving techniques, innate artistic taste, and ingenuity. Gradually, talented craftswomen emerged who were no longer in the field, but in quiet home environment They began to make dolls, figures of horses, deer, and all kinds of fantastic animals. Even in pre-Christian times, jewelry in the form of pendants with images of a horse was widespread. Pendants served as amulets to protect a person when he was far from home, and the house of the Slav with all his household was also guarded by a horse - the messenger of the sun. Therefore, the image of the horse had magical meaning, served as a talisman for man and his home.
Amulet dolls.
The first dolls in Rus' were amulets. The Slavs believed that they were able to protect people from diseases and evil forces, so amulet dolls stood in the most prominent place in every home. But amulet dolls never became a national toy, but they transferred some of their features to the rag doll.
Rag toys.
Since ancient times, a traditional toy in the life of the Russian village, even in the poorest peasant families, has been a rag doll. In some houses, up to a hundred of them accumulated, since the doll was also considered a symbol of procreation.
A cloth doll is the simplest image of a female figure. A piece of cloth rolled into a “rolling pin”, a face carefully covered with a white linen rag, breasts made of smooth, tightly stuffed balls, a hair braid with a ribbon woven into it, and an outfit of colorful rags. Their faces were either not drawn at all, or dots were put instead of eyes and mouth. The first doll for a girl had to be made by her mother, and at the age of 7-8 the girls themselves began to make dolls for their younger brothers and sisters.
From the age of 7-8, children began to help their parents around the house and in the field, but they did not part with their dolls and took them with them everywhere. Especially elegant dolls could be passed down from generation to generation, passed from mother to daughter. Dolls were not just girls' fun. All the children played until they were 7-8 years old, while they wore shirts. But only boys began to wear portages, and girls began to wear skirts; their playing roles and the games themselves were strictly separated.
A house without toys was considered unspiritual. There is such a sign: when children play a lot and diligently, there will be profit in the family, if they handle toys carelessly, there will be trouble in the house. A child without a toy grows up empty and cruel.
They believed that toys bring a good harvest, especially if adult girls play with them.
They believed that toys were protected children's sleep(according to ancient custom, children are still put to bed with their favorite toy).
Clay toys.
Clay figurines were sculpted even before the invention of the potter's wheel. Initially, they served as talismans that could appease the spirits helping people. Children liked small painted figurines made of baked clay and over time they turned into folk craft. In each locality, different toys were made: some were painted with bright colors, others remained almost unpainted, others were whistles, and others were rattles. The most famous clay toys are Dymkovo, Filimonovsky, Karkopolsky and Khludnevsky.
Matryoshka.
According to a long tradition, legends are made about popular toys. In this regard, the nesting doll is no exception. They say that at the end of the 19th century, someone brought a Japanese chiseled figurine of the Buddhist saint Fukuruji to the Mamontov family - famous Russian industrialists and philanthropists - either from Paris or from the island of Honshu, which turned out to be a “surprise” - it was split into two parts. Hidden inside it was another, smaller one, which also consisted of two halves... There were five such dolls in total.
It was assumed that this is what prompted the creation of our nesting doll by Russian craftsmen. Matryoshka - on behalf of Matryona.
Conclusion:
In Ancient Rus' there were not very many varieties of children's toys. They were made from what was at hand. But it is no coincidence that man embodied the forces of the elements in the images of living beings that were most familiar and close to him, interpreting them differently: the great goddess of fertility became a lady, a maiden; poultry - duck, chicken, goose; horse - a workhorse pulling a cart or carrying a gentleman. The bear, also a participant in ancient rituals, is a funny, good-natured club-footed animal from a folk tale. Time has changed the conditions of life around us, new themes have penetrated into the work of folk craftsmen, but these images still appear in toys of any craft to this day.
Most likely, in ancient times both play and cult meanings were closely intertwined, and then religious rituals were forgotten, and the toy remained only an object of entertainment.
For this purpose, consultations were held for parents “We play outdoor games - we strengthen our health”, “Russian folk outdoor games”, individual conversations with parents, and parents were also asked to bring photographs of moments of joint games with their children.
At the beginning of the project and at the end, a survey of children was conducted on the topic of outdoor games.
Questions for interviewing children
26 children from the group took part in the survey
Questions | Start of the project | End of the project |
Do you like to play? | 26 yes | 26 yes |
What games do you like to play? | 6 children were able to define outdoor games as they understand it 20 children found it difficult to answer | 16 children defined outdoor games in their own words 10 children found it difficult to answer |
Do you know what folk games are? | What are folk games? The children could not answer. | 6 children were able to define folk games |
What folk outdoor games do you know? | All children listed familiar games, without distinguishing them by mobility and immobility. | 13 children were able to list the names of outdoor games. |
Which ones do you like to play? | 17 children listed the names of outdoor games 9 children named sedentary, board, role-playing games | The result is the same |
Who do you like to play outdoor games with? | 18 child – with friends and comrades 8 children – with parents | 15 children - with friends and comrades 11 children – with parents |
Conclusion: From the results of a survey of children, we can conclude that children know the names of games, their rules, and can organize games in independent activities. During the project, the children learned to distinguish outdoor games from other types of games, the children were also able to get acquainted with the concept of folk games, it turned out that children are familiar with folk games, and they love to play them, but so far they can hardly distinguish folk games from other outdoor games. With three children, parents began to spend their free time not in front of the TV, but in games, and this, although not a big one, is still an achievement.
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
Russian folk games The work was completed by: Olga Alekseevna Bakhareva, primary school teacher at the State Budgetary Educational Institution Secondary School. Cats of Koshkinsky district, Samara region
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Relevance An important means Moral and patriotic education is the introduction of children to the traditions of the people. The homeland appears to the child in images for the first time. Sounds and colors, in games. Folk art, rich and varied in content, carries all this in abundance. Folk games are an integral part of the moral and patriotic education of preschool children. They reflect the way of life of people, their work, way of life, national principles, ideas about honor, courage, courage, the desire to have strength, dexterity, endurance, to show ingenuity, endurance, resourcefulness. The joy of movement is combined with the spiritual enrichment of children. The peculiarity of folk games is that they, having a moral basis, teach the child to find harmony with the world around him. Children develop a stable, interested, respectful attitude towards the culture of their native country, creating a positive emotional basis for the development of patriotic feelings. In terms of content, folk games are laconic, expressive and accessible to children, causing active work thoughts. Russian folk outdoor games, in combination with other educational means, represent the basis for the formation of a harmoniously developed, active personality, combining spiritual wealth and physical perfection. * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Goal: To introduce children to Russian folk outdoor games, to awaken in the child’s soul an interest in the history and culture of the country. Objectives: 1Introduce children to Russian folk outdoor games and teach them the rules of playing them; 2Develop communication, motor skills and abilities through outdoor games; 3Cultivate interest and love for Russian national culture, folk art, customs, traditions, and folk games. Strengthen health Problematic issues. 1 What games did our grandmothers play in Rus'? 2 What games do we play, what grandmother’s games do we know? * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Russian folk games are very diverse. Children's games, Board games, round dance games for adults with folk songs, jokes, and dances. Games have long served as a means of self-knowledge, here they showed their best qualities: kindness, nobility, mutual assistance, self-sacrifice for the sake of others * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Game “Cat and Mouse” The players (no more than five pairs) stand in two rows facing each other, join hands, forming a small passage - a hole. There are cats in one row, mice in the other. The first pair starts the game: the cat catches the mouse, and the mouse runs around the players. At a dangerous moment, the mouse can hide in the corridor formed by the clasped hands of the players. As soon as the cat catches the mouse, the players stand in a row. The second pair starts the game. The game continues until the cats catch all the mice. Rules of the game. The cat must not run into the hole. The cat and mice should not run far from the hole. * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Game “Circle Tag” The participants of the game stand in a circle at a distance of one step. Everyone marks their place with a circle. Two drivers stand at some distance from each other, one of them is a tag, he is catching up with the second player. If the runner sees that the tag is catching up with him, he asks for help from the players standing still, calling one of them by name. The named player leaves his place and runs in a circle, the tag already catches up with him. The empty seat is occupied by the player who started the game. If there is time, a free circle can be taken by a tag, then the tag becomes the one who is left without a place. The game continues, the tag catches up with the player who left the circle. * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Game "Wet Roosters" Wet Roosters. This game is based on the Russian folk game "Cockfighting". To play this game you will need a plastic vessel, water, sand, sunny weather. Before you start playing on the sand, you need to draw a circle with a diameter of approximately two to three meters. Two players stand in it. In the hands of each player are plastic vessels filled with water. Each of the “roosters” presses one leg, no matter the left or the right, whichever is more convenient for you. After the leader gives a signal, the players, jumping on one leg, try to pour water on the opponent’s back. You cannot go outside the circle. The player who gets the opponent's back wet first wins. It is not recommended to reconcile quarreling lovers with such a game. I wish you a pleasant time! Good luck! * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Slide 9
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Game “Snowball” The players build a snow fortress 1.5-2 meters high. WITH inside They make a rampart so that the defenders can position themselves on it. Shields are installed in the corners of the fortress. There are three lines of defense in front of the fortress. They are indicated by flags or dry branches. The first line runs ten meters from the fortress, the second - fifteen meters, and the third - twenty meters. The players are divided into two teams: attackers and defenders. At the signal, the assault on the fortress begins, i.e. firing snowballs from the farthest zone. If the assaulters hit each of the shields once, they move to the second line of defense. At this time, the defenders fire snowballs at the attackers. The attacker who is hit by the snowball is eliminated from the game. If the attackers passed all the lines of defense, then victory is theirs. If they are all hit by well-aimed hits, then victory goes to the defenders. Directions; to be played: the game is played in the courtyard of a house or on a school playground. The number of participants can be up to 20 - 30 people. If there are many participants, you can attack not from one side, but from four. In this case, an all-round defense is created and four towers with shields are installed. Players who are hit by snowballs are eliminated from the game. * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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Game "Guide" This is more than just a game. This is an acquaintance of souls, when there are no distractions such as appearance and look. Men stand in the inner circle, facing the center of the circle, hold hands and close their eyes. In the outer circle, girls dance in a circle to the music. After some time, at the leader’s signal, a clap or a whistle, the girls begin to sort out the guys - any one they like from those who are closer. They take the guy by the hand and lead him in a circle, the guy does all this time is running with eyes closed. It is advisable that the number of girls and boys coincide so that no one is left standing alone in the inner circle. At the leader’s signal, the girls carefully line up the guys again in the inner circle, and they themselves move on in a round dance. This is repeated three times. When, after the third time, the guys are again placed in the inner circle, the leader gives a signal - “You can open your eyes.” The sharing begins. The guys describe their feelings, name which of the three girls they liked, whom they would like to see. Girls are usually happy to confess and show themselves. Then the girls stand in the inner circle with their eyes closed, and the guys stand in the outer circle, and everything repeats. * http://aida.ucoz.ru * http://aida.ucoz.ru
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