On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the magazine for children from 6 to 12 years old, “Murzilka,” was published in the Soviet Union.
The history of Murzilka began in 1879, when the Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about Brownies - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small people, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright colors. blue eyes (due to Brown their hair is called “brownie”). Their skin is predominantly light, although the color of a brownie's skin depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not finish. But this was just a test before the real creation of those images that would later win over the public. So in 1881, exactly those same brownies appeared in the magazine “Wide Awake”, which began a triumphant march, first across America, and then throughout the world.
In February 1883, Cox began publishing in the New York children's publication St. Nicholas" pictures with brownies, accompanied by poems about the adventures of the heroes. And four years later, the first book “The Brownies, Their Book” was published, which contained a collection of stories about brownies and which sold a million copies. In total, Palmer Cox created 15 original brownie books before his death in 1924.
By the way, Cox’s brownies did not have names as such - they were called by characteristic nicknames, such as Chinese, Sailor, Dandy, Jockey, Russian, Hindu, King, Student, Policeman, Canadian, etc.
Murzilka and his friends first appeared on the pages of the magazine “Sincere Word” in 1887 in the fairy tale “A boy as big as a finger, a girl as big as a nail.” The author of this tale was the famous writer Anna Borisovna Khvolson, and the illustrations were drawings by the artist Palmer Cox.
The first edition of the book “The Kingdom of Little Ones,” including 27 stories and 182 drawings, was published in 1889, followed by reprints in 1898, 1902 and 1915.
In 1913, a book with drawings by Palmer Cox and Russian text from Anna Khvolson “New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest people." Anna Khvolson made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names: Maz-Permaz, Dedko-Borodach, Znayka, Dunno, clever Skok, hunter Mick, Vertushka, Chinese Chi-ka-chi, Indian Ski, Mikrobka, American John, etc. P. Well, actually Murzilka, on whose behalf the story was told.
And it turned out that Murzilka is incredibly similar to the well-known Nosovsky Dunno. He is the same braggart, lazy and troublemaker, who, because of his character, constantly gets into various troubles. However, these two heroes also have differences. Murzilka, for example, is a real dandy. A tailcoat or long coat, top hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a monocle are indispensable components of his everyday costume. So Dunno’s predilection for defiantly bright colors in clothes would have unpleasantly struck Murzilka’s refined taste. But this difference is purely external. Although the character of Murzilka or, as his friends call him, “The Empty Head” is quite similar to the character of his literary descendant, Dunno is written out in much more detail and volume. And if Khvolson’s hero is deliberately caricatured and conventional, then Nosov’s is a lively, charming and recognizable boy. Therefore, probably, readers only laugh at the careless and boastful Murzilka, but they often sympathize with Dunno, sincerely pity and love him.
So, the name Murzilka was born in 1913. Two years later, Anna Khvelson released an independent work called “The Kingdom of Little Ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men,” which was illustrated by the works of the same Palmer Cox, but since it was not included in the official Brownie bibliography, it can be considered a remake.
It was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, wearing a silk top hat and boots that were fashionable at that time. long noses.. And he always had an elegant cane and monocle in his hands. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, these tales were very popular. Murzilka himself, according to the plot of the fairy tale, constantly found himself in some kind of funny stories. But after the 1917 revolution, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.
The next time Murzilka was remembered was in 1924, when a new children's magazine was created under the Rabochaya Gazeta. One of the founders remembered this name and it was accepted almost unanimously. But don’t put a brownie on the cover! Therefore, Murzilka became a red mongrel puppy who accompanied his owner, the boy Petka, everywhere. His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents. However, the puppy did not exist for long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently disappeared from the pages of the magazine.
Traditionally it is believed that some furry creature yellow color was born by the artist Aminadav Kanevsky at the request of the editors in 1937. However, back in the 50s, Murzilka was a small man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret.
He appeared like this in several cartoons, the last of which, “Murzilka on Sputnik,” was created in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka, when it turned yellow and overgrown.
Soon other heroes began to appear in this magazine - the evil sorceress Yabeda-Koryabeda, talking cat Shunka, Soroka-Balabolka, Sportlendik and Ladybug. All these characters became the hosts of the main sections of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, a sports page, stories about nature.
The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agnia Barto. “Murzilka” instilled in the little ones a love of learning with the help of bright pictures, interesting plots and playful rhymes.
In 1977 - 1983. The magazine published “A detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her 12 agents” (author and artist A. Semenov) and its continuations. Often the magazine took on topics that were far from children's. For kids who had only recently learned to read, “Murzilka” talked about the conquest of space, the construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, the 1980 Olympics, and even explained the ideology of the party - “To the Octobrists about Communists.”
The magazine "Murzilka" is still published. It is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the “longest-running children's magazine.”
" - a popular children's literary and art magazine. Published since 1924. Addressed children from 6 to 12 years old.
The magazine publishes fairy tales, fairy tales, short stories, plays, and poems. Its main authors are modern talented writers, artists and classics of children's literature. Often the authors of the magazine are the readers themselves.
Modern "Murzilka" is full of interesting, educational materials - history, achievements of science and technology, sports, major events today. Materials on such topics attract not only young readers, but also their parents. With a variety of topics and interesting presentation, the magazine strives to satisfy the ever-growing demands of its readers.
There are topics that are not exhausted by publication in several issues, but continue for more long time. This is the Murzilka Art Gallery. "Gallery" introduces reproductions of paintings - masterpieces of domestic and world painting, the life and work of artists. Stories about them and reproductions of paintings are printed on tabs, you can cut them out and collect your own art collection.
Materials supplementing the program are printed from issue to issue primary school, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. This includes the “Safety School” and fun lessons in mathematics and the Russian language, combined into a separate section-application “Puzzles, Games, Ideas”.
Interesting not only for children, but for the whole family are “Murzilka’s advice”, “Murzilka’s Adventures”, homemade products, competitions, quizzes that give not only interesting information, encourage creativity, but also cultivate useful skills.
The editors receive many letters from teachers and parents, in which they report that the magazine “Murzilka” has become a friend and assistant for them, note the versatility of the magazine, approve of the presence of interesting and useful information, knowledge that expands school programs. The magazine “Murzilka”, familiar to you since childhood, has been delighting readers with its existence for more than 83 years. Since the last time you held it in your hands, the magazine has changed a lot. And we want to provide more recent information about it.
It is named after a fairy-tale creature - the yellow and fluffy Murzilka. Today Murzilka lives on the pages of the magazine as he was drawn in 1937 by the famous artist Aminadav Moiseevich Kanevsky.
The basis of the magazine is fiction. It fulfills the main task - it brings up the best moral qualities in the child: kindness, honesty, justice, responsiveness. In the years when our country was experiencing a shortage of books for children, “Murzilka” was the link between the reader and children’s literature. For many children living in the periphery or in other countries, the magazine still serves as a supplement to literature textbooks, and also introduces them to new works modern authors.
“Murzilka” is closely connected with the life and interests of young readers and responds very vividly to them. That is why the magazine is also necessary for adults in their work with children - teachers, educators, librarians, parents. For this purpose, the magazine contains a variety of materials.
The headings “Walks with Words” and “Let’s Play with Words” serve to expand readers’ linguistic understanding and study the Russian language. They publish: fairy tales, poems, tongue twisters, which contribute to the mastery of the Russian language, speech culture, and teach spelling standards. These sections contain entertaining questions, tasks, and competitions, which especially attracts readers and encourages them to be active.
In the sections “Fun Math”, “ Green World“challenging tasks are given in an entertaining, and often poetic form, tasks that attract the attention of readers, their older brothers, sisters and parents.
For more than 15 years, the magazine has been running the column “Murzilka Art Gallery”. It introduces children to the peculiarities of the work of outstanding artists, with reproductions of paintings that are masterpieces of domestic and world painting. Comments from art critics help shape the aesthetic views of readers.
The magazine also publishes materials that tell about great geographical discoveries, about famous travelers of the distant past and our time; issues of legal education, psychology, ethics, communication culture, rules of conduct in extreme situations.
Pays great attention to useful leisure time. Each room provides a variety of homemade items.
Inside the magazine there are tabs and flaps on which educational games, crosswords, and assignments are located. Tabs can be cut out, crossword puzzles can be collected in separate books, and reproductions of paintings can be taken out of a magazine.
IN last years The magazine has changed: each issue has separate supplements, neatly stapled in the middle of the magazine. Various applications: “Murzilka Art Gallery”, Board games, coloring books, homemade products, stickers, patterns, posters, etc. You can subscribe to the magazine from any issue.
In addition, the editorial board of the magazine constantly communicates directly with its readers: organizes meetings for them with the editorial team, the authors of “Murzilka”: writers and artists; organizes art exhibitions.
The exhibition is a selection of more than one hundred and fifty works by artists who collaborated with the magazine in different years. These are: K. Rotov, A. Kanevsky, A. Brey, Y. Pimenov, V. Suteev, Y. Vasnetsov, V. Konashevich, Y. Korovin, V. Kurdov, V. Lebedev, F. Lemkul, T. Mavrina, A. Pakhomov, E. Charushin, V. Favorsky, E. Rachev, M. Miturich, G. Makaveeva, Y. Kopeiko, V. Chizhikov, V. Losin, L. Tokmakov, A. Sokolov, V. Dmitryuk and others. The exhibition has already visited many cities in Russia, near and far abroad and can, at the request of the inviting party, move to any destination where interest is shown in it.
IN THE ARCHIVE OF NUMBERS you can read materials from the magazine for 2005-2009
Few people know that the magazine owes its existence to the Canadian artist and writer Palmer Cox. At the end of the 19th century, he published a series of poems about the small people of the Brownies. And a little later, the Russian writer Anna Khvolson, inspired by the works of Cox, created her own series of stories, where the main character was Murzilka - a little man in a tailcoat and with a monocle.
In 1908, its popularity was quite large, and the editors of the publication “Dushushevnoye Slovo” began to publish an appendix - the newspaper “Murzilka Magazine”.
In the twenties, this publication turned into an independent magazine, but it was necessary to abandon the “bourgeois” image of the main character. Murzilka turned into an ordinary puppy with a good-natured smile, living with Petya and understanding the world. He flew on hot-air balloon, traveled with pioneers, slept in the same cage with a polar bear, etc.
In the thirties, thanks to the artist Aminadav Kanevsky, Murzilka acquired the image in which he has survived to this day, although somewhat modified - a yellow puppy in a red beret, a striped scarf, with a postman's bag and a camera.
At the end of the thirties, Murzilka disappeared from the pages of the publication and appeared only during the war years in the form. The magazine called for help in the military cause, talked about exploits and much more. When the war ended, the familiar yellow puppy returned again. At this time, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, V. Bianki, K. Paustovsky, M. Prishvin, E. Schwartz and others began to be published on the pages of the publication.
During the Thaw period, the magazine's circulation grew to crazy numbers - about five million copies were published. Along with this, talented authors appeared - A. Barto, V. Dragunsky, Y. Kazakov, A. Nekrasov, V. Astafiev, etc. In addition, educational material began to appear in the magazine - the heading “Our Favorite Artists”, a section on travel “ Following the sun”, etc.
In the seventies, thematic issues dedicated to rivers, fairy tales and other areas began to be published. Works by foreign authors also began to appear - Otfried Preusler, Donald Bissetga, Astrid Lindgren, Tove Jansson.
During perestroika, a competent editor, Tatyana Filippovna Androsenko, began to manage the magazines. It was thanks to her that the publication did not sink into obscurity. The circulation fell, printing houses refused to print it, but all these problems were solved. New authors even began to appear.
Currently, “Murzilka” is a modern glossy publication that has not deviated from its traditions - the search for new young talented authors, high quality products, educational and entertaining materials for younger schoolchildren.
TO " Komsomolskaya Pravda". In 1934-1944 it was published by the Children's Literature Publishing House, after which it became a magazine of the Komsomol Central Committee.
The image of Murzilka was invented back in 1887 by the Russian writer Anna Khvolson. In her fairy tales from the series "The Kingdom of Little Ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men", published in the popular children's magazine "Soul Word", this character was a little forest man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle. By 1908, it was already so popular that publishers began to publish the newspaper Murzilka Magazine as a supplement to the Sincere Word.
From the end of 1988 to 1995, a literary seminar was held at the editorial office under the guidance of children's writer and screenwriter Yuri Koval, which made it possible to educate a new shift of permanent authors of "Murzilka".
The modern magazine "Murzilka" is filled with educational materials on various fields of knowledge. The magazine publishes fairy tales, fairy tales, short stories, plays, poems by contemporary foreign and domestic writers and classics of children's literature.
From issue to issue, materials are printed that supplement the primary school curriculum, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
The headings “Walks with Words” and “Let’s Play with Words” serve to expand readers’ linguistic understanding and study the Russian language. For more than 25 years, the section “Murzilka Art Gallery” has been introducing schoolchildren to reproductions of masterpieces of domestic and world painting, to the life and work of artists. The magazine also publishes materials that tell about great geographical discoveries and famous travelers (the “Travel and Discoveries” section); issues of legal education, psychology, ethics, culture of communication, rules of behavior in extreme situations are covered (headings “Let's have a heart-to-heart talk”, “Safety School”). Much attention is paid to useful leisure time; each room provides a variety of homemade products. Inside the magazine there are tabs and flaps on which educational games, crosswords, and assignments are located.
"Murzilka" is a popular children's literary and art magazine.
Published since May 1924 and addressed to younger children school age. Over the 87 years of existence of the beloved children's magazine, its publication has never been interrupted. In 2011, the magazine received a certificate from the Guinness Book of Records: “Murzilka” is the children’s magazine with the longest period of publication.
It is named after the fairy-tale creature, the yellow and fluffy Murzilka. Murzilka got its name thanks to the mischievous and prankster - a little forest man who existed in popular books for children of the late 19th century. It was a little man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle. Then the image of the forest Murzilka changed to the image of an ordinary small dog, helping everyone who is in trouble. But Murzilka in the guise of a puppy did not last long. In 1937, the famous artist Aminadav Kanevsky created a new image of Murzilka. Since then, in the children's publication “Murzilka” there has been a yellow hero, in a red beret and scarf, with a camera slung over his shoulder. And the kids really like it.
The main difference between the children's magazine "Murzilka" is its high-quality children's literature. Over the years, Agnia Barto, Korney Chukovsky, S. Marshak, Mikhail Prishvin, Konstantin Paustovsky, Valentin Berestov, Yuri Korinets, Sergei Mikhalkov, Irina Tokmakova, Eduard Uspensky, A. Mityaev, Andrey Usachev, Marina Moskvina, Victor Lunin, Leonid Yakhnin, Mikhail Yasnov. Currently, the magazine also publishes works by contemporary children's writers. Murzilka publishes children's fairy tales, fairy tales, children's stories, plays, and children's poems.
Such artists as Evgeny Charushin, Yuri Vasnetsov, Aminadav Kanevsky, Tatyana Mavrina, Viktor Chizhikov, Nikolai Ustinov, Galina Makaveeva, Georgy Yudin, Maxim Mitrofanov have worked and are working in the magazine.
"Murzilka" is a mirror of our children's literature. He is the link between readers and children's literature. For many children living in the periphery, the magazine still serves as a supplement to literature textbooks. The regular columns of the magazine are full of interesting, educational materials that are a worthy addition to the in-depth study of school subjects: the Russian language (“Walks with Words”), natural history (flora and fauna of the planet), labor (achievements of science and technology in the columns), physical culture(“Champion”), life safety (“Safety School”), visual arts(“Let’s go to the museum”, “Art gallery”, “Murzilka Art Gallery”). Each issue of "Murzilka" contains games, puzzles, rebuses, crosswords, coloring books and several homemade constructions.
The magazine publishes fairy tales, fairy tales, short stories, plays, and poems. Its main authors are modern talented writers, artists and classics of children's literature. Often the authors of the magazine are the readers themselves.
Modern “Murzilka” is full of interesting, educational materials - history, achievements of science and technology, sports, the most important events of today. Materials on such topics attract not only young readers, but also their parents. With a variety of topics and interesting presentation, the magazine strives to satisfy the ever-growing demands of its readers.
There are topics that are not exhausted by publication in several issues, but continue for a longer time. This is the Murzilka Art Gallery. “Gallery” introduces reproductions of paintings - masterpieces of domestic and world painting, the life and work of artists. Stories about them and reproductions of paintings are printed on tabs, you can cut them out and collect your own art collection.
From issue to issue, materials are printed that supplement the primary school curriculum, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. This includes the “Safety School” and fun lessons in mathematics and the Russian language, combined into a separate section-application “Puzzles, Games, Ideas”.
Interesting not only for children, but for the whole family are “Murzilka’s advice”, “Murzilka’s Adventures”, homemade products, competitions, quizzes, which provide not only interesting information, encourage creativity, but also develop useful skills.
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